Basics of an Electrical
Control Panel
What is a control panel ?
• A cabinet which contains a collection of electrical components
designed to control and protect the motors and equipments.
• The selection of components for a control panel is mainly based on
1. Power Rating of the Equipment. 2. Incoming supply 3. Explosion proof
category 4. Application of the equipment
Types of Control Panel
1. Low Tension Panel
LT Panels is an electrical distribution board that receives power from a
generator or transformer and distributes the same to various electronic
devices and distribution boards. LT panels are designed to function at lower
voltages (upto 690 volts) with low insulation levels.
2. High Tension Panel
HT Panels, which stands for High Tension Panels, refer to electrical systems
operating at voltages greater than 1,000 volts. HT panel is a metal enclosure
fitted with HT circuit breakers, relays & metering that is used to receive
11KV/33KV supply & distribute the power through its outgoing feeders.
The Main Components of a Control Panel
1. Enclosure
2. Incomer with handle and shaft Motor protection switch gear
devices Indicators Push buttons Metering devices Cables
Consumables
Switchgear Components
• Combination of electrical components like MCCB,MCB,
Contactor, Over load relay, fuses, are used to control,
protect and isolate electrical equipment.
• The main function of these switch gear components are
to protect the electrical equipments in case of any
faults occurred in the system.
Measuring Devices used in Panel
1. Current Transformer
Current transformers can reduce or “step-down” current levels from
thousands of amperes down to a standard output of a known ratio to either
5 Amps or 1 Amp for normal operation.
2. Ammeter
An ammeter is a measuring device used to measure the electric current in a
circuit.
3. Voltmeter
An voltmeter is a measuring device used to measure the voltage in a
circuit.
