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University of California Berkeley

FROM THE ESTATE OF

AUDREY AIKIN
Alex i moil y Alkanet

Allheal Amara Dulcis or Bitter Sweet Ai u ;i i-.'i minis

n \ v
Angelica i ! 1 1 1

THOMAS KI'.I.IA. LONDON. 183ft.

V
 THE

COMPLETE HERBAL, TO WHICH IS NOW ADDED, UPWARDS OP

ONE HUNDRED ADDITONAL HERBS,

WITH A DISPLAY OP THEIB

fttrlimnal and (Drrult <Qualtttr0 ;

PHYSICALLY APPLIED TO

THE CURE OF ALL DISORDERS INCIDENT TO MANKIND:

TO WHICH ARE NOW FIRST ANNEXED, THB

ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED,

AND

KEY TO PHYSIC,
WITH

RULES FOR COMPOUNDING MEDICINE ACCORDING TO THE TRUE SYSTEM OF NATURE.

FORMING A COMPLETE

FAMILY DISPENSATORY, AND NATURAL SYSTEM OF PHYSIC.

BY NICHOLAS CULPEPER, M.D.

TO WHICH IS ALSO ADDED

UPWARDS OF FIFTY CHOICE RECEIPTS,

(ELECTED FROM THE AUTHOR'S LAST LEGACY TO HIS WIPE.

EDITION, A NEW
WITH A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL DISEASES TO WHICH THE HUMAN BODY IS LIABLE,
AND A GEUERAI. INDEX.
lUiutratrd bg Engravings of numerous British Herbs and Plants, correctly coloured from Nature.

"Th Lord hath created Medicines out of the Earth ;

and he that is wise will not abhor them." Ecc. xxxviii. 4.

LONDON:
THOMAS KELLY, 17, PATERNOSTER ROW.
MDCCCXXXV.
J. HlDDON, Printer, Cmile Street, Fiuibury.
 CULPEPERS
ORIGINAL EPISTLE TO THE READER.

E Notice, That in this Edition I have made very many Additions to every sheet in the
book :
and, also, that those books of mine that are printed of that Letter the small Bibles
are printed with, are very falsely printed : there being twenty or thirty gross mistakes in every
sheet, many of them such as are exceedingly dangerous to such as shall venture to use them And :

therefore I do warn the Public of them

can do no more at present ; only take notice of these
: I

Directions by which you shall be sure to know the true True one from the False.
Tlie first Direction. The true one hath this Title over the head of every Book, THE COM-
PLETE HERBAL AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. The small Counterfeit ones have only this Title,
THE ENGLISH PHYSICIAN.
The second Direction. The true one hath these words, GOVERNMENT AND VIRTUES,
following
the time of the Plants flowering, &c. The counterfeit small ones have these words, VIRTUES AND
USE, following the time of the Plants flowering.
The third Direction. The true one is of a larger Letter than the counterfeit ones, which are
in Twelves, &c., of the Letter small Bibles used to be printed on. I shall now speak something
of the book itself.

All other Authors that have written of the nature of Herbs, give not a bit of reason why such
an Herb was appropriated to such a part of the body, nor why it cured such a disease. Truly
my own body being brought me easily into a capacity, to know that health was the greatest
sickly,
of all earthly blessings, and truly he was never sick that doth not believe it. Then I considered
that all medicines were compounded of Herbs, Roots, Flowers, Seeds, &c., and this first set me
to work in studying the nature of Simples, most of which I knew by sight before ;
and indeed
all the Authorscould read gave me but little satisfaction in this particular, or none at all.
I I

cannot buildmy upon Authors' words, nor believe

faith a thing because they say it, and could wish

every body were of my mind in this, to labour to be able to give a reason for every thing they

say or do. They say Reason makes a man differ from a Beast if that be true, pray what are
;

they that, instead of reason for their judgment, quote old Authors ? Perhaps their authors knew
a reason for what they wrote, perhaps they did not ; what is that to us ? Do we know it ? Truly.
in writing this work first, to satisfy myself, I drew out all the virtues of the vulgar or common
 iv EPISTLE TO THE READER.

Herbs, Plants, and Trees, &c., out of the best or most approved authors I had, or could get and ;

the reason of them. I knew well enongh the whole world,

having done so, I set myself to study
and every thing in it, was formed of a composition of contrary elements, and in such a harmony
as must needs show the wisdom and power of a great God. I knew as well this Creation, though
thus composed of contraries, was one united body, and epitome of it I knew those man an :

various affections in man, in respect of sickness and health, were caused naturally (though God

may have other ends best known to himself) by the various operations of the Microcosm and I ;

could not be ignorant, that as the cause is, so must the cure be ; and therefore he that would
know the reason of the operation of the Herbs, must look up as high as the Stars, astrologically.
I always found the disease vary according to the various motions of the Stars and this is enough, ;

one would think, to teach a man by the effect where the cause lies. Then to find out the reason

of the operation of Herbs, Plants, &c., by the Stars went I ; and herein I could find but few

authors, but those as full of nonsense and contradiction as an egg is full of meat. This not being

pleasing, and less profitable to me, I consulted with my two brothers, DR. REASON and Dn.
EXPERIENCE, and took a voyage to visit my mother NATURE, by whose advice, together with the
help of DR. DILIGENCE, I at
last obtained
my desire and, being warned by MR. HONESTY, a;

stranger in our days, to publish it to the world, I have done it.

But you What need I have written on this Subject, seeing so many famous and learned
will say,

men have written so much of it in the English Tongue, much more than I have done ?
To this I answer, neither GERRARD nor PARKINSON, or any that ever wrote in the like nature,
ever gave one wise reason for what they wrote, and so did nothing else but train up young
novices in Physic in the School of tradition, and teach them just as a parrot is taught to speak \

an Author says so, therefore it is true ; and if all why do they

that Authors say be true,
contradict one another ? But in mine, if you view it with the eye of reason, you shall see a reason
for every thing that is written,
whereby you may find the very ground and foundation of Physic ;

you may know what you do, and wherefore you do it ; and this shall call me Father, it
being
(that I know of) never done in the world before.
I have now but two things to write, and then I have done.
1. What the profit and benefit of this Work is.

2. Instructions in the use of it.

1 . The profit and benefits arising from it, or that may occur to a wise man from it are many ;

so many, that should I sum up all the particulars, my Epistle would be as big as my Book ;
I shall

quote some few general heads.

The admirable Harmony of the Creation is herein seen, in the influence of Stars upon
First,
Herbs and the Body of Man, how one part of the Creation is subservient to another, and all
for the use of Man, whereby the infinite power and wisdom of God in the creation appear and ;

if I do not admire at the

simplicity of the Ranters, never trust me who but viewing the ;

Creation can hold such a sottish opinion, as that it was from eternity, when the mysteries of it
are so clear to every eye ? but that Scripture shall be verified to them, Rom. i. 20 :
" The in-
" visible things of him from the Creation of the World are clearly seen, being understood by the
 EPISTLE TO THE READER. v

"things that are made, even his Eternal

Power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse"
And a Poet could teach them a better lesson ;

" Because out

of thy thoughts God shall not pass,
" His
image stamped is on every grass."
This indeed is true, God has stamped his image on every creature, and therefore the abuse
of the creature is a great sin but how much the more do the wisdom and excellency of God
;

of the Creation in the virtue and operation of every Herb ?

appear, if we consider the harmony
Secondly, Hereby you may know what infinite knowledge Adam had in his innocence, that

by looking upon a creature, he was able to give it a name according to its nature ; and by know-
ing that, thou mayest know how great thy fall was, and be humbled for it even in this respect,

because hereby thou art so ignorant.

Thirdly, Here is the right way for thee to begin at the study of Physic, if thou art minded
to begin at the right end, for here thou hast the reason of the whole art. I wrote before in
certain Astrological Lectures, I read, and printed, intituled, Astrological Judgment of
which
Diseases, what planet caused (as a second cause) every disease, how it might be found out what
planet caused it ; here thou hast what planet cures it by Sympathy and Antipathy ; and this brings
me to my last promise, viz.

Instructions for the right use of the book.

And herein let me premise a word or two. The Herbs, Plants, &c. are now in the book ap-
propriated to their proper planets. Therefore,
First, Consider what planet causeth the disease ; that thou mayest find it in my aforesaid

Judgment of Diseases.

Secondly, Consider what part of the body is afflicted by the disease, and whether it lies in

the flesh, or blood, or bones, or ventricles.

Thirdly, Consider by what planet the afflicted part of the body is governed : that my Judg-
ment of Diseases will inform you also.
Fourthly, You may oppose diseases by Herbs of the planet, opposite to the planet that
causes them as diseases of Jupiter by Herbs of Mercury, and the contrary
: diseases of the ;

Luminaries by the Herbs of Saturn, and the contrary ; diseases of Mars by Herbs of Venus, and
the contrary.

Fifthly, There is a way to cure diseases sometimes by Sympathy, and so every planet cures
his own disease ; as the Sun and Moon by their Herbs cure the Eyes, Saturn the Spleen, Jupiter
the Liver, Mars the Gall and diseases of choler, and Venus diseases in the Instruments of Gene-
ration.

NICH. CULPEPER.
From my House in Spital fields,
next door to the Red Lion,
September 5, 1653.
 TO HIS DEAREST CONSORT,
MRS. ALICE CULPEPER.
MY DEAREST,
THE works
that I have published to the world (though envied by some illiterate physicians)
have merited such just applause, that thou mayest be confident in proceeding to publish any
thing I leave thee, especially this master-piece ; assuring friends and countrymen, that they
my
will receive as much benefit by this, as by my Dispensatory, and that incomparable piece, called,
Semiotica Uranica enlarged, and English Physician.
These are the choicest secrets, which I have had many years locked up in my own breast. I gained
them by my constant practice, and by them I maintained a continual reputation in the world, and
I doubt not but the world will honour thee for divulging them ;
and my fame shall continue and
increase thereby, though the period of my Life and Studies be at hand, and I must now bid all

things under the sun farewell. Farewell, my dear wife and child ; farewell, Arts and Sciences,
which I so dearly loved ; farewell, all worldly glories ; adieu, readers.
NICHOLAS CULPEPER.

NICHOLAS CULPEPER, the Author of this Work, was son of Nicholas Culpeper, a Clergyman, and
grandson of Sir Thomas Culpeper, Bart. He was some time a student in the university of Cam-
bridge, and soon after was bound apprentice to an Apothecary. He employed all his leisure hours
in the study of Physic and Astrology, which he afterwards professed, and set up business in Spital-

fields, next door to the Lion, (formerly known as the Half-way House between Islington and
Red
Stepney, an exact representation of which we have given under our Author's Portrait), where he
had considerable practice, and was much resorted to for his advice, which he gave to the poor
gratis. Astrological Doctors have always been highly respected ; and those celebrated Physicians
of the early times, whom our Author seems tc have particularly studied, Hippocrates, Galen, and

Avicen, regarded those as homicides who were ignorant of Astrology. Paracelsus, indeed, went
farther he declared, a Physician should be predestinated to the core of his patient
; ; and the
horoscope should be inspected, the plants gathered at the critical moment, &c.
Culpeper was a writer and translator of several Works, the most celebrated of which, is his Herbal,
"
being an astrologo-physical discourse of the common herbs of the nation containing a complete ;

Method or Practice of Physic, whereby a Man may preserve his Body in Health, or cure himself
when sick, with such things only as grow in England, they being most fit for English Constitu-
tions."

This celebrated, and useful Physician died at his house in Spitalfields, in the year 1654. This
Book will remain as a lasting monument of his skill and Industry.

u
Culpeper, the man that ranged the woods and climed the mountains in search of medicinal and salutary herbs,
first

has undoubtedly merited the gratitude of posterity." DR. JOHNSON.

 THE

ENGLISH PHYSICIAN
ENLARGED.

\green colour the flowers are of a purple

;

I colour, or of a perfect blue, like to violets,

in stand many of them together in
(CONSIDERING divers shires thisna-j a nd they
tion give divers names to one and the knots the
: berries are green at first, but
j

same herb, and that the common name j when they are ripe they are very red ; if
which it bears in one county, is not known | you taste them, you shall find them just as
in another; I shall take the pains to set the crabs which we in Sussex call Bitter-
|

down all the names that I know of each sweet, viz. sweet at first and bitter after-
herb: pardon me for setting that name first, wards.
which is most common to myself. Besides PlaceJ] They grow commonly almost
Amara Dulcis, some call it Mortal, others throughout England, especially in moist
Bitter-sweet; some Woody Night-shade, and shady places.
and others Felon-wort. jTime.'] The leaves shoot out about the
Descript.'] It grows up with woody stalks latter end of March, if the temperature
\
of
even to a man's height, and sometimes! the air be ordinary ; it flowers in July, and
higher. The leaves fall off at the approach of the seeds are ripe soon after, usually in the
|

winter, and spring out of the same stalk at> next month.
spring-time: the branch is compassed about j
Government and virtues.'] It is under the
with a Avhitish bark, and has a pith in the planet Mercury, and a notable herb of his
<

middle of it the main branch branches also, if it be rightly gathered under his in-
:
|

itself into many small ones with

claspers, fluence. It is excellently good to remove
j

laying hold on what is next to them, as witchcraft both in men and beasts, as also
j

vines dc : it bears many leaves,

they grow all sudden diseases whatsoever. Being tied
{

in no order at all, at least in no the most ad-

regular round about the neck, is one of
\

order the leaves are longish, though some- mirable remedies for the vertigo or dizziness
: 1

what broad, and pointed at the ends many in the head ; and that is the reason (as
:
j

of them have two little leaves growing at the corn-

Tragus saith) the people in Germany
|

end of their foot stalk; some have but one, monly hang it about their cattle's necks,
j

and some none. The leaves are of a pale when they fear any such evil hath betided
:
2 THE COMPLETE HERBAL.
them :
Country people commonly take the they are something hairy, each leaf con-
berries of it, and having bruised them, of five or six pair of such wings set
ap-jsisting
ply them to felons, and thereby soon rid jone against the other upon foot-stalks, broad
their fingers of such troublesome guests. \below, but narrow towards the end one of ;

We have now showed you the external the leaves is a little deeper at the bottom
j

use of the herb ; we shall speak a word or than the other, of a fair yellowish fresh
j

two of the internal, and so conclude. Take green colour: they are of a bitterish taste,
j

notice, it is a Mercurial herb, and there- being chewed in the mouth ;from among
fore of very subtile parts, as indeed all these rises up a stalk, green in colour,
\

Mercurial plants are; therefore take a; round in form, great and strong in magni-
pound of the wood and leaves together, j tude, five or six feet in altitude, with many
bruise the wood (which you may easily do, -joints, and some leaves thereat ; towards the
for it is not so hard as oak) then put it in j top come forth umbels of small yellow
a pot, and put to it three pints or white flowers, after which are passed away, you
j

wine, put on the pot-lid and shut it close ; may find whitish, yellow, short, flat seeds,
;

and let it infuse hot over a gentle fire twelve; bitter also in taste.
hours, then strain it out, so have you a j
Place.~\ Having given you a description
most excellent drink to open obstructions | of the herb from bottom to top, give me
of the 'iver and spleen, to help difficulty leave to tell you, that there are other herbs
I

of breath, bruises and fails, and congealed called by this name but because they are
; ;

blood in any part or' the body, it helps the strangers in England, I give only the des-
j

yellow jaundice, the dropsy, and black cription or this, which is easily to be had
j

jaundice, arid to cleanse women newly in the gardens of divers places,

j

brought to bed. You may drink a quarter) Time.} Although Gerrard saith, thai they
of a pint of the infusion every morning. flower from the beginning of May to the
It purges the body very gently, and not lend of Decembei, experience teaches them

churlishly as some hold. And when you that keep it in their gardens, that it flowers
\

find good by this, remember me. not till the latter end of the Summer, and
|

They that think the use of these medi- sheds its seed presently after,
;

cines is too brief, it is only for the cheap- 5 Gorernmetit and virtues.'] It is under the
ness of the book let them read those books dominion of Mars, hot, biting, and choleric;
;
j

of mine, of the last edition, viz. Reverius, and remedies what evils Mars inflicts the
j

Veslingus, Riolanus, Johnson, Sennertus, and body of man with, by sympathy, as vipers'
;

Physic for the Poor. j

flesh attracts poison, and the loadstone
iiron. It kills the worms, helps the gout,

Icramp, and convulsions, provokes urine,

IT is called All-heal, Kercules's All-heal, and helps all joint-aches. It helps all cold
|

and Hercules's Wound-wort, because it is griefs of the head, the vertigo, falling-sick-
j

supposed that Hercules learned the herb ness, the lethargy, the wind cholic. obstruc-
i

and its virtues from Chiron, when he learn- itions of the liver and spleen, stone in the
ed physic of him. Some call it Panay, kidneys and bladder. It provokes the
!

and others Opopane-wort. jterms, expels the dead birth: is excellent

it.

Descnpl.'] Its root is long, thick, and ex- good for the griefs of the sinews, itch, stone,
j

eeeding full of juice, of a hot and biting; and tooth-ache, the biting of mad dogs and
taste, the leaves are great and large, and venomous beasts, and purges choler very
|

winged almost like ash-tree leaves, but that; gently.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3

drank, strengthens the back, and eases the

I

pains thereof: It helps bruises and falls, and

I

BESIDES the common name, it is called is as gallant a remedy to drive out the
|

Orchanet, and Spanish Bugloss, and by mnall pox and measles as any is an oint-
i ;

apothecaries, Enchusa. ;inent made of it, is excellent for green

Descript.~] Of the many
sorts of this herb, wounds, pricks or thursts.
;

there is but one known to grow commonly }

ADDER , STONGUE, OR SERPENT , s TONGUE-

in this nation; of which one take this de _ |
scription: It hath a great
and thick root, of |
Descript."] THIS herb has but one leaf,
a reddish colour, long, narrow, hairy leaves, which grows with the stalk a f.nger's length
>

green like the leaves of Bugloss, which lie* above the ground, being
flat and of a fresh

very thick upon the ground; the stalks rise

j green colour; broad like Water Plantain,
up compassed round about, thick with 'but less, without any rib in it; from the
leaves, which are less and narrower than bottom of which leaf, on the inside, rises
!

ihe former they are tender, and slender, up (ordinarily) one, sometimes two or three
;
j

the flowers are hollow, small, and of a red- slender stalks, the upper half whereof is
i

dish colour. somewhat bigger, and dented with small

|

Place.~\ It grows
in Kent near Rochester, dents of a yellowish green colour, like the
j

and in many places in the West Country, tongue of an adder serpent (only this is as
j

both in Devonshire and Cornwall. j

useful as they are formidable.) The roots
Time.'] They flower in July, and the be-j
continue all the year.
ginning of August, and the seed is
ripe\ PlaceJ] It grows in moist meadows, and
soon after, but the root is in its prime, as such like places.
!

carrots and parsnips are, before the herb; Time.~\ It

is to be found in
May or April,
runs up to stalk. for it quickly perishes with a little heat.
j
Government and virtues.'] It is an herb un- 1 Government and virtues.'] It is an herb
der the dominion of Venus, and indeed one under the dominion of the Moon and Can-
j

of her darlings, though somewhat hard to and therefore if the weakness of the
jeer,
come by. It helps old ulcers, hot inflam- retentive faculty be caused by an evil in-
j

mations, burnings by common fire, and St. fluence of Saturn in any part of the body
|

Anthony's by antipathy to Mars ; for! governed by the Moon, or under the domi-
fire,
these uses, your best way is to make it into \ nion of Cancer, this herb cures it by sym-
an ointment; also, if you make a vinegar \ pathy It cures these diseases after specified,
:

of it, as you make vinegar of roses, it helps in any part of the body under the influence
j

the morphew and leprosy; if you apply the of Saturn, by antipathy,

J

herb to the privities, it draws forth the dead I It is temperate in respect of heat, but
It helps the yellow jaundice, spleen, j dry in the second degree. The
child. juice of the
and gravel in the kidneys. Dioscorides leaves drank with the distilled water of
j

saith, it helps such as are bitten by a veno- \ Horse-tail, is a singular remedy for all man-
mous beast, whether it be taken inwardly, ner of wounds in the breast, bowels, or
\

or applied to the wound; nay, he saith fur- other parts of the body, and is given with
j
ther, if any one that hath newly eaten it, good success to those that are troubled
j

do but spit into the mouth of a serpent, the: with casting, vomiting, or bleeding at the
serpent instantly dies. It stays the flux of mouth or nose, or otherwise downwards,
i

the belly, kills worms, helps the fits of the j The said juice given in the distilled water
mother. Its decoction made in wine, and of Oaken-buds, is very good for women who
i

c
4 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
have their usual courses, or the whites flow- At the top thereof grow many small yellow
1

ing down tooabundantly. It helps sore ey es. j flowers,

one above another, in long spikes ;

Of the leaves infused or boiled in oil, oni- after which come rough heads of seed, hang-
j

which will cleave to and

phacine or unripe olives, set in the sun four ing downwards,
j

certain days, or the green leaves sufficiently ! stick upon garments, or any thing that shall
boiled in the said oil, is made an excellent j rub against them. The knot is black, long,
green balsam, not only for green and fresh \and somewhat woody, abiding many .years,
wounds, butalso foroldandinveterate ulcers, and shooting afresh every Spring which
; ;

especially if a little fine clear turpentine

be j root, though small, hath a reasonable good
dissolved therein. also stays and re-
It j
scent.
freshes all inflammations that arise upon
j
Place.'] It grows upon banks, near the
sides of hedges.
pains by hurts and wounds. I

What parts of the body are under each Time.'] It flowers

in July and August, the
\

planet and sign, and also what disease may seed being ripe shortly
? after,

be found in my astrological judgment Government and virtues.'] It is an herb

oft
diseases; and for the internal work of nature
Sunder Jupiter, and the sign Cancer; and
in the body of man; as vital, animal, natural strengthens those parts under the planet
\

and procreative spirits of man the appre- and sign, and removes diseases in them by
; j

hension, judgment, memory the external sympathy, and those under Saturn, Mars
;
j

senses, viz. Seeing, hearing, smelling, tast-jand Mercury by antipathy, if they happen
ing and feeling; the virtuous, attractive, \ in any part of the body governed by Jupi-
retentive, digestive, expulsive, &c. under or under the signs Cancer, Sagitarius or
j
ter,
the dominion of what planets they are, may | Pisces, and therefore must needs be good
be found in my Ephemeris for the year 1651. j for the gout, either used outwardly in oil or
In both which you shall find the chaff of ointment, or inwardly in an electuary, or
authors blown away by the fame of Dr. syrup, or concerted juice: for which see the
Reason, and nothing but rational truths left latter end of
this book,
for the ingenious to feed upon It of a cleansing and cutting faculty
is

To avoid blotting paper with one!

Lastly. without any manifest heat, moderately
thing many times, and also to ease your drying and binding. It opens and clean-
purses in the price of the book, and withal I ses the liver, helps the jaundice, and is
to make you studious in physic; you have! very beneficial to the bowels, healing all
at the latter end of the book, the way of * inward wounds, bruises, hurts, and other
preserving all herbs either in juice, con- j
distempers. The decoction of the herb
serve, oil, ointment or plaister, electuary, made with wine, and drank, is good against
I

pills, or troches. the biting and stinging of serpent?, and

]

helps them that make foul, troubled or

!
AGRIMONY. ,

bloody water.
j

Descript.'] THIS has divers long leaves? This herb also helps the cholic, cleanses
(some greater, some smaller) set upon ajthe breast, and rids away the cough.
stalk, all of them dented about the edges, ; A
draught of the decoction taken warm be-
green above, and greyish underneath, and fore the fit, first removes, and in time rids
\

a little hairy withal. Among which arises away the tertain or quartan agues. The
j

up usually but one strong, round, hairy, leaves and seeds taken in wine, stays the
;

brown stalk, two or three feet high, with \ bloody flux outwardly applied, being
;

smaller leaves set here and there upon it. |

stamped with old swines' grease, it helps
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 5

old sores, cancers, and inveterate ulcers, and j

therefore they are not so frequently found
draws forth thorns and splinters of wood, |
in the southern parts of England as in the
nails, or any other such things gotten in the
?
northern, where they grow frequently You :

flesh. It helps to strengthen the members j may look for them in cold grounds, by ponds
that be out of joint: and being bruised and i and ditches' sides, and also by running
applied, or the juice dropped
in it, helps 1 waters sometimes you
; shall find them grow
foul and imposthumed ears. 1 in the midst of waters.
The distilled water of the herb good; is
TimeJ] They all flower in July or August,
to all inward or and the seed is ripe presently after,
the said purposes, either j

outward, but a great deal weaker. Government and virtues."] It is a plant of

It is a most admirable remedy for such J upiter, as well as the other Agrimony, only
j

whose livers are annoyed by heat or

either i
this belongs to the celestial sign Cancer,
cold. The liver is the former of blood, and It heals and dries, cuts and cleanses
j

blood the nourisher of the body, and Agri- j

thick and tough humours of the breast, and
mony a strengthener of the liver. for this I hold it inferior to but few herbs
i

I cannot stand to give you a reason in that grow. It helps the cachexia or evil
!

every herb why it cures such diseases ; but disposition of

; the body, the dropsy and
if you please to pursue my
judgment in
j yellow-jaundice. It opens obstructions ot
the herb Wormwood, you shall find them { the liver, mollifies the hardness of the spleen,
there, and it will be well worth your while! being applied outwardly. It breaks impost-
to consider it in every herb, you shall find I humes away inwardly It is an excellent
:

them true throughout the book. j

remedy for the third day ague. It provokes
WATER AGRIMONY. worms, and
ne d terms ; it kills
cleanses the^e
,

body
|
|
ot sharp humours, which
IT is called in some countries, Water are the cause of itch and scabs the herb
| ;

Hemp, Bastard Hemp, and Bastard Agri- being burnt, the smoke thereof drives away
!

mony, Eupalorium, and Hepatorium, be- flies, wasps, &c. It strengthens the lungs
|

cause strengthens the liver

it I
exceedingly. Country people give it to
Descript.~\ The root continues
a long time, j their cattle when they are troubled with the
having many long slender strings. The cough, or broken-winded,
j

stalk grows up about two feet high, some- 1

times higher. They are of a dafk purple

ALEHOOF, OR GROUND-IVY.
|

colour. The branches are many, growings SEVERAL counties give it different names,
at distances the one from the other, the one so that there is scarcely an herb growing of
j

from the one side of the stalk, the other that bigness that has got so many It is
|
:

from the opposite point. The leaves are } called Cat's-foot, Ground-ivy, Gill-go-by-
fringed, and much indented at the edges. ground, and Gill-creep-by-ground, Turn-
|

The grow at the top of the branches, hoof, Haymaids, and Alehoof.
flowers i

ot a brown yellow colour, spotted with* Descript.'] This well known herb lies,
black spots, having a substance within 'spreads and creeps upon the grounds
the midst of them like that of a Daisy: It's shoots forth roots, at the corners of tendet
you rub them between your fingers, they jointed stalks, set with two round leaves at
|

small like rosin or cedar when it is burnt, every joint somewhat hairy, crumpled and
j
The seeds are long, and easily stick to any unevenly dented about the edges with round
!

woollen thing they touch. dents; at the joints likewise, with the leaves
j

Place.~\ They delight not in heat, and towards the end of the branches, come forth
\
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
hollow, long flowers, of a blucish purple out in any part of the body.; The juice of
colour, with small white spots upon the lips | Celandine, Field-daisies, and Ground-ivy
that hang down. The root is small with clarified, and a little fine sugar dissolved
|

strings. therein, and dropped into the eyes, is a

5

It is
commonly found under for all pains, redness, and
j sovereign remedy
Place."]
hedges, and on the sides of ditches, under watering of them
j
; as also for the pin and
houses, or in shadowed lanes, and other weh. *kins and films growing over the sight
>

waste grounds, in almost every part of this; it helps beasts as well as men. The juice
land. dropped into the ears, Avonderfull.y helps
;

Time.] They flower somewhat early, and the noise and singing of them, and helps the
i

abide a great Avhile the leaves continue Shearing which is decayed.

; It is good to
green until Winter, and sometimes abide, tun up with new drink, for it will
clarify it
except the Winter be very sharp and cold, in a night, that it will be the fitter to be

Government and virtues.] It is an herb of drank the next morning ; or if any drink
j

Venus, and therefore cures the diseases she! be thick with removing, or any other acci-
causes by sympathy, and those of Mars by dent, it will do the like in a few hours
:

antipathy; you may usually find it all the ATT Y A "NT T4 T" "R
year long except the year be extremely
frosty it is quick, sharp, and bitter in taste,
;
IT is called Alisander, Horse-parsley, and
$

and is thereby found to be hot and dry a ;

T

|
W
ild-parsley, and the Black Pot-herb ; the
herb for all inward wounds, of it is that which is usually sold in
singular exul-jseed
cerated lungs, or other parts, either by itself, apothecaries' shops for Macedonion Pars-
j

or boiled with other the like herbs and ley-seed. ; \

It is usually sown in all the

being drank, in a short time it eases all
<

Descript.']
griping pains, windy and choleric humours gardens j
in Europe, and so well known, that
in the stomach, spleen or belly;
helps the jit needs no farther description,
yellow jaundice, by opening the It flowers in June and July the
stoppings Time.']
\ ;

of the gall and liver, and melancholy, by seed is ripe in August.

j

opening the stoppings of the spleen ; ex- Government and virtues."] It is an herb of
j

pels venom or poison, and also the plague j Jupiter, and therefore friendly to nature
; ;

it
provokes urine and women's courses the for it warms a cold stomach, and opens
; j

decoction of it in wine drank for some time a stoppage of the liver and spleen it is good ;
j

together, procures ease to them that are? to move woniens' courses, to expel the after-
troubled with the sciatica, or hip-gout: as birth, to break wind, to provoke urine and
j

also the gout in hands, knees, or feet; if helps the stranguary; and these things the
j

you put to the decoction come honey and seeds will do likewise. If either of them
i

a little burnt allum, it is excellently good to be boiled in wine, or being bruised and
j

gargle any sore mouth or throat, and to taken in wine, is also effectual against the
>

wash the sores and ulcers in the privy parts biting of serpents. And you know what
\

of man or woman ; it speedily helps green Alexander pottage is good for, that you
\

wounds, being bruised and bound thereto. may no longer eat it out of ignorance but
!

The juice of it boiled with a little honey f out of knowledge,

and verdigrease, doth wonderfully cleanse
C . , P J ,. ;
THE BLACK ALDER-TREK.
iistulas, ulcers, and stays the spreading or |

eating of cancers and ulcers; it helps j Descript."] THIS tree seldom grows to
the itch, scabs, wheals, and other breakings any great bigness, but for the most part
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
abideth like a hedge-bush, or a tree spread- to be understood that these things are per-
for the fresh
ing its branches, thewoods of the body being formed by the dried bark;
white, and a dark red colet or heart ; the green bark taken inwardly provokes strong
outward bark is of a blackish colour, with vomitings, pains in the stomach, and grip-
many whitish spots therein ; but the inner ings in the belly ; yet if the decoction may
bark next the wood is yellow, which being stand and settle two or three days, until the
chewed, will turn the spittle near into a saf- yellow colour be changed black, it will not
fron colour. The leaves are somewhat like work so strongly as before, but will strengthen
those of an ordinary Alder-treet or the the stomach, and procure an appetite to
Female Cornet, or Dogberry-tree, called in meat. The outward bark contrariwise doth
Sussex Dog-wood, but blacker, and not so bind the body, and is helpful for all lasks
long. The flowers are white, coming forth and fluxes thereof, but this also must be
with the leaves at the joints, which turn into dried first, whereby it will work the better.
small round berries, first green, afterwards The inner bark thereof boiled in vinegar is
red, but blackish when they are thorough an approved remedy to kill lice, to cure the
ripe, divided, as it were, into two parts, itch, and take away scabs, by drying
them
wherein is contained two small round and up in a short time. It is singularly good to
flat seeds. The root runneth not deep into wash the teeth, to take away the pains, to
the ground, but spreads rather under the fasten those that are loose, to cleanse them,
upper crust of the earth. and to keep them sound. The leaves are
Place.'] This tree or shrub may be found good fodder for kine,
to make them give

plentifully in St. John's wood by Hornsey, more milk.

and the woods upon Hampstead-Heath as ; If in the Spring-time you use the herbs
also a wood called the Old Park in Bar- before mentioned, and will take but a hand-
comb in Essex, near the brook^s sides. ful of each of them, and to them add an

Time.'] It flowers in May, and the berries handful of Elder buds, and having bruised
nre ripe in September. them all, boil them in a gallon of ordinary
Government and virtues.'] It is a tree of beer, when it is new; and having boiled
Venus, and perhaps under the celestial sign them half an hour, add to this three gallons
Cancer. The inner yellow bark hereof more, and let them work together, and drink
purges downwards both choler and phlegm, a draught of it every morning, half a pint
and the watery humours of such that have or thereabouts it is an excellent purge for
;

thedropsy, and strengthens theinward parts the Spring, to consume the phlegmatic
again by binding. If the bark hereof be quality the Winter hath left behind it, and
boiled with Agrimony, Wormwood, Dodder, withal to keep your body in health, and
Hops and some Fennel, with Smallage, consume those evil humours which the heat
Endive, and Succory- roots, and a reason- of Summer will readily stir up. Esteem it
able draught taken every morning for some as a jeweL
time together, it is very effectual against
THE COMMON ALDER-TREE.
the jaundice, dropsy, and the evil disposition
of the body, especially if some suitable Descript.'] THIS grows to a reasonable
purging medicines have been taken before, height, and spreads much if it like the place.
to void the grosser excrements : It purges It is so generally known to country people,
and strengthens the liver and spleen, that I conceive it needless to tell that which
cleansing them from such evil humours and is no news.
hardness as they are afflicted with. It is Place and Time.'] It delights to grow in
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
moist woods, and watry places ; flowering j
three colours. And a certain ointment, an
in April or May,
and yielding ripe seed in ointment of the Apostles, because it consists
: of twelve ingredients : Alas, I am sorry for
September.
Government and virtues.'] It is a tree und-er |
their folly, and grieved at their blasphemy,
the dominion of Venus, and of some watry God send them wisdom the rest of their
j
I suppose Pisces ; and there- for they have their share of
sign or other, j
age, igno-
fore the decoction, or distilled water of the ranee already. Oh Why must ours be !

leaves, is excellent against burnings and blasphemous, because the Heathens and
in-
j

flammations, either with wounds or without, \ infidels were idolatrous? Certainly they
lo bathe the place grieved with, and espe- J have read so much in old rusty authors, that
cially for that
inflammation in the breast, \ they have lost all their divinity ; for unless
which the vulgar call an ague. j
were amongst the Ranters, I never read
it

If you cannot get the leaves (as in Winter or heard of such blasphemy. The Heathens
1

it is impossible) make use of the bark in the and infidels were bad, and ours worse; the
same manner. jdolators give idolatrous names to herbs for
The leaves and bark of the Alder-tree are their virtues sake, not for their fair looks;
;

cooling, drying, and binding.

The fresh and therefore some called this an herb of
j

leaves laid upon swellings dissolve them, the Holy Ghost; others more moderate call-
\

and stay the inflammations. The leaves ed it Angelica, because of its angelical
with travell- virtues and that name it retains still, and all
put under the bare feet galled
ing, are a great refreshing
to them. The nations follow it so near as their dialect will
said leaves gathered while the morning dew permit.
is on them, and brought into a chamber Government and virtues.']
It is an herb of
troubled with fleas, will gather them there- the Sun in Leo ; be gathered when he
let it

unto, which being suddenly cast out, will is there, the Moon applying to his good as-
rid the chamber of those troublesome bed- pect ; let it be gathered either in his hour,
fellows. or in the hour of Jupiter, let Sol be angu-
lar ; observe the like in gathering the herbs,
ANGELICA.
of other planets, and you may happen to
To write a description of that which is do wonders. In all epidemical diseases
so well known tobe growing almost in every caused by Saturn, that is as good a preser-
de-
garden, I suppose is altogether needless ; vative as grows It resists poison, by :

yet for its virtue it is of admirable use.

fending and comforting the heart, blood,
In time of Heathenism, when men had and spirits it doth the like
against the
;

found out any excellent herb, they dedicated plague and all epidemical diseases, if the
$

it to their
gods as the Bay-tree to Apollo, j root be taken in powder to the weight of
;

the Oak to Jupiter, the Vine to Bacchus, the half a dram at a time, with some good trea-
\

Poplar to Hercules. These the iclolatois | cle in Carduus water, and the party there-
following as the Patriarchs they dedicate to | upon laid to sweat in his bed if treacle be ;

their Saints; as our Lady's Thistle to tile's not to be had, take it alone in Carduus or
Blessed Virgin, St. John's Wort to St. John, Angelica- water. The stalks or roots can-
j
and another Wort to Si. Peter, &c. Our j
died and eaten fasting, are good preserva-
lives in time of infection ; and at other
pnysicians must imitate liKe apes ^though j

they cannot come off half so cleverly) for times to warm and comfort a cold stomach,
i

they blasphemously call Phansies or Hearts- The root also steeped in vinegar, and a little
>

ease, an herb of the Trinity, because it is of/ of that vinegar taken sometimes fasting, and
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 9

the root smelled unto, good for the same

is ;
it is calledFlower Gentle, Flower Velurc,
purpose. A water from the root
distilled \ Floramor, and Velvet Flower.
simply, as steeped in wine, and distilled in Descript.~\ It being a garden flower, and
a glass, is much more effectual than the well known to every one that keeps it, I
water of the leaves and this water, drank
;
might forbear the description yet, not-
;

two or three spoonfuls at a time, easeth all withstanding, because some desire it, I shall

pains and torments coming of cold and 5

give it. It runs up with a stalk a cubit
wind, so that the body be not bound; and j high, streaked, and somewhat reddish to-
taken with some of the root in powder at >
ward the root^ but rery smooth, divided
the beginning, helpeth the pleurisy, as also towards the top with small branches, among
;

all other diseases of the lungs and breast, (which stand long broad leaves of a reddish
as coughs, phthysic, and shortness of breath;! green colour, slippery; the flowers are not
and a syrup of the stalks do the like. It J properly flowers, but tuffs, very beautiful
helps pains of the cholic, the stranguary and to behold, but of no smell, of reddish colour;
|

stoppage of the urine, procureth womens'jif you bruise them, they yield juice of the
courses, and expelleth the after-birth, open- same colour, being gathered, they keep their
i

eth the stoppings of the liver and spleen, beauty a long time; the seed is of a shining
j

and briefly easeth and discusseth windi- black colour.

all
j

ness and inward swellings. The decoction \ Time.'] They continue in flower from
drank before the fit of an ague, that they August till the time the frost nip them,
\

may sweat (if possible) before the fit comes, {

Government and virtues^] It is under the
will, in two or three times taking, rid it dominion of Saturn, and is an excellent
\

quite away it helps digestion and is a re- qualifier of the unruly actions and passions
;
\

medy for a surfeit. The juice or the water of Venus, though Mars also should join
j

being dropped into the eyes or ears, helps with her. The flowers dried and beaten
5

dimness of sight and deafness; the j nice into powder, stop the terms in women, and
j

put into the hollow teeth, easeth their pains. so do almost all other red things. And by
!

The root in powder, made up into a plaister the icon, or imageof every herb, the ancients
i

with a little pitch, and laid on the biting of at first found out their virtues. Modern
\

mad dogs, or any other venomous creature, writers laugh at them for it ; but I wonder
j

doth wonderfully help. The juice, or the in my heart, how the virtues of herbs came
|

water dropped, or tents wet therein, and put at first to be known, if not by their signa-
s

into filthy dead ulcers, or the powder of the tures

j
the moderns have them from the
;

root (in want of either) doth cleanse and writings of the ancients ; the ancients had
:

cause them to heal quickly, by covering the no writings to have them from but to pro-
j
:

naked bones with flesh ; the distilled water ceed. The flowers stop all fluxes of blood
I ;

applied to places pained with the gout, or! whether in man or woman, bleeding either
sciatica, doth give a grea-t deal of ease. at the nose or wound.
\ There is also a sort
The wild Angelica is not so effectual as; of Amaranthus that bears a white flowei,
the garden; although it may be safely used which stops the whites in women, and the
\

to all the
purposes aforesaid. running of the reins in men, and is a most
j

j gallant
antivenereal, and a singular remedy
AMARANTHUS. j
for the French pox.

ANEMONE.
BESIDES its common name, by which its
is best known by the florists of our days, 1 C A LLED also Wind Flower, because they
10 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
say the flowers never open but when the to the throat, or boiled, and in like manner
wind blows. Pliny is my author; if it >
applied, matters not much, it is excellently
it

be not so, blame him. The seed also (if it good for swellings in the throat: the best
|

bears any at all) flies away with the wind. way, I suppose is to boil it, apply the
Place and Time.1 They are sown usually }
herb outwardly the decoction of it besides
:

in the gardens of the curious, and flower in is an excellent remedy for the yellow
jaun
the Spring-time. As for description I shall dice.

pass it, being well known to all those that

sow them. ARRACH, WILD AND STINKING.
Government and virtues."] under the
It is {

dominion of Mars, being supposed to be a! CALLED also Vulvaria, from that part 01
kind of Crow-foot. The leaves provoke the body, upon which the operation is most ;
j
the terms mightily, being boiled, and the also Dog's Arrach, Goat's Arrach, and
*

decoction drank. The body being bathed \ Stinking Motherwort.

with the decoction of them, cures the leprosy, i

DescriptJ] This has small and almost

The leaves being stamped and the juice :
round leaves, yet a little pointed and with-
snuffed up in the nose, purges the head; out dent or cut, of a dusky mealy colour,
mightily; so does the root, being chewed in ii

growing on the slender stalks and branches

the mouth, for it procures much spitting, | that spread on the ground, with small
and brings away many watery and phleg- j flowers set with the leaves, and small seeds
matic humours, and is therefore excellent
succeeding like the rest, perishing yearly
j

for the lethargy. And when done, and rising again with its own sowing. It
all is
let physicians prate what they please, all smells like rotten fish, or something worse.
the pills in the dispensatory purge not the P/ace.] It grows usually upon dunghills.
head like to hot things held in the mouth. Time.~] They flower in June and July,
Being made into an ointment, and the eye- and their seed is ripe quickly after.
lids anointed with it, it Government and virtues.^ Stinking Arrach
helps inflammations
of the eyes, whereby it is is used as a remedy to women pained, and
palpable, that every
stronger draws its weaker like. The same almost strangled with the mother, by smell-
ointment is excellently good to cleanse ma- ing to it ; but inwardly taken there is no
lignant and corroding ulcers. \
better remedy under the moon for that dis-
ease. I would be large in commendation
GARDEN ARRACH. ]
t of this herb, were I but eloquent. It is an
Called also Orach, and tage j it is herb under the dominion of Venus, and un-
cultivated for domestic uses. der the sign Scorpio ; it is common almost
Descript.~\ It is so commonly known to
upon every dunghill. The works of God
every housewife, it were labour lost to de- are freely given to man, his medicines are
scribe it. common and cheap, and easily to be found.
Time."] It flowers and seeds from June I commend it for an universal medicine for
\
to the end of August. the womb, and such a medicine as will
J

Government and virtues.'] It is under the easily, safely, and speedily cure any disease
j

government of the Moon ; in quality cold

j
of the moiher, disloca-
thereof, as the fits
and moist like unto her. It softens falling out thereof; cools the
or
andjtion,
loosens the body of man being eaten, womb
| being over-heated. And let me fell
and fortifies the expulsive faculty in him. you this, and I will tell you the truth, heat
j
The herb, whether it be bruised and applied 'of the womb is one of the greatest causes
 TE

-\\i-ns Ars smart

Basil Arc h a n ^e Beet-

Yellow B<*<Istrn\ V bite Hi-. 1st r,,\

Wa ter Bel <>i

THOMAS KELLY. LONDON. 1835.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 11

of hard labour in child-birth. It makes { White A reliance! hath divers square

barren Avomen fruitful. It cleanseth the \ stalks, none standing straight upward, but
womb if it be foul, and strengthens it ex- bending downward, whereon stand two
|

terms if they be? leaves at a joint, larger and more pointed

ceedingly ; it provokes the
flow immode- than the other, dented about the edges, and
stopped, and stops them they
if ;

rately; you can desire

no good to your i greener also, more like unto Nettle leaves,
womb, but this herb will affect it there- but not stinking, yet hairy.
; At the joints,
fore if you love children, if you love health, with the leaves,
* stand larger and more open
if you love ease, keep a syrup always by I gaping white flowers, husks round about

you, made of the juice of this herb, and { the stalks, but not with such a bush of leaves
sugar, (or honey,
if be to cleanse the 'as flowers set in the top, as is on the other,
it

womb) and let such as be rich keep it fori wherein stand small roundish black seeds:
their poor neighbours and bestow it as the root is white, with many strings at it,
; ;

freely as I bestow my studies upon them, or not growing downward but lying under the
|

else let them look to answer it another day, upper crust of the earth, and abides inanj
i

when the Lord shall come to make years increasing; this has not so strong a
inquisi- {

tion for blood. J

scent as the former.
Yellow Archangel is like the White ir.
! the stalks and leaves ; but that the stalks
To put a gloss upon their practice, the are more straight and upright, and the joints
;

physicians call an herb (which country peo- with leaves are farther asunder, having Ion-
pie vulgarly know by the name of Dead | ger leaves than the former, and the flowers
Nettle) Archangel whether they favour a little larger and more gaping, of a fail
;
>

more of superstition or folly, I leave to the | yellow colour in most, in some paler. The
reader. There is more curiosity roots are
: like the white, only they creep not
judicious
than courtesy to my countrymen used by so much under the ground,
;

others in the explanation as well of the i

Place.'] They grow almost every where,
names, as description of this so well known (unless it be in the middle of the street) the
>

herb; which that I may not also be guilty of, yellow most usually in the wet grounds ot
j

take this short description: first, of the Red woods, and sometimes in the dryer, in divers
:

Archangel. This is likewise called Bee 5 counties of this nation.

Nettle. TimeJ] They flower from the beginning
Descript.] This has divers square stalks, j of the Spring all the Summer long,
somewhat hairy, at the joints whereof grow Government and virtues.'] The Archangels
>

two sad green leaves dented about the edges, are somewhat hot and drier than the sting-
i

opposite to one another to the lowermost ing Nettles, and used with better success
;

upon long foot stalks, but without any to- j for the stopping and hardness of the spleen,
ward the tops, which are somewhat round, than they, by using the decoction of the
|

yet pointed, and a little crumpled and herb in wine, and afterwards applying the
{

hairy round about the upper joints, where j herb hot into the region of the spleen as a
;

the leaves grow thick, are sundry gaping plaister, or the decoction with spunges.
;

flowers of a pale reddish colour; after which Flowers of the White Archangel are pre-
5

corne the seeds three or four in a husk, served or conserved to be used to stay the
i

The root is small and thready, perishing whites, and the flowers of the red to stay
i

every year ; the whole plant hath a strong i the reds in women. It makes the heart
but not stinking. J
merry, drives away melancholv, quickens
E
12 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the spirits is good against quartan agues, : Government and virtues.'] As the virtue of
stancheth bleeding at mouth and nose, if it both these is various, so is also their govern-
j

be stamped and applied to the nape of the ment ; for that which is hot and biting, is
I

neck; the herb also bruised, and with some! under the dominion of Mars, but Saturn
salt and vinegar and
hog's-grease, laid upon challenges the other, as appears by that
!

an hard tumour or swelling, or that vulgarly leaden coloured spot he hath placed upon
j

called the king's evil, do help to dissolve or the leaf.

j
discuss them ;and being in like manner ; It is of a cooling and
drying quality,
applied, doth much allay the pains, and give j and very effectual for putrined ulcers in man
ease to the gout, sciatica, and other pains or beast, to kill worms, and cleanse the
j

of the joints and sinews. It is also very putrified places. The juice thereof dropped
effectual to heal green wounds, and old in, or otherwise applied, consumes all cold
j

ulcers ; also to stay their fretting, gnawing swellings, and dissolveth the
j congealed
and spreading. It draws forth splinters, blood of bruises by strokes, falls, &c. A
;

and such like things gotten into the flesh, piece of the root, or some of the seeds
j ,

and is very good against bruises and bur- j bruised, and held to an aching tooth, takes
nings. But the yellow Archangel is most \ away the pain. The leaves bruised and
commended for old, filthy, corrupt sores laid to the joint that has a felon thereon,
;

and ulcers, yea although they grow to be i takes it away. The juice destroys worms
hollow ; and to dissolve tumours. The j in the ears, being dropped into them ; if
chief use of them is for women, it being an the hot Arssmart be strewed in a chamber,
;

herb of Venus. ; it will soon kill all the fleas ; and the herb
or juice of the cold Arssmart, put to a
|
ARSSMART. } horse, or other cattle's sores, will drive away
i the
fly in the hottest time of Summer ; a
THE hot Arssmart is called also Water- {good handful of the hot biting Arssmart
pepper, or Culrage. The mild Arssmart; put under a horse's saddle, will make him
iscalleddead Arssmart Persicaria, or Peach- travel the better, although he were half
1

wort, because the leaves are so like the tired before.

\
The mild Arssmart is good
leaves of a peach-tree ; it is also called {
against all
imposthumes and inflammations
Plumbago. i at the
beginning, and to heal green wounds.
Description of the mild.'] This has broad I All authors chop the virtues of both
leaves set at the great red
joint of the I sorts of Arssmart together, as men chop
stalks ; with semicircular blackish marks i herbs for the pot, when both of them are
on them, usually either blueish or whitish, i of contrary qualities The hot Arssmart
with such like seed following. The root is not so or tall as the mild doth,
{ grows high
long, with many strings thereat, perishing j but has many leaves of the colour of.
yearly this
; has no sharp taste (as another peach leaves, very seldom or never spotted ;
s

sort has, which is quick and

biting) but in other particulars it is like the former, but
!

rather sour like sorrel, or else a little

drying, j may easily be known from it. if you will
or without taste. but be pleased to break a leaf of it cross
j

Place.'] It grows in watery places, ditches, your tongue, for the hot will make your
|

and the like, which for the most part are tongue to smart, but the cold will not. If
|

dry in Summer. ,
you see them both together, you may easily
j

Time.'] It flowers in June, and the seed them, because the mild hatli far
j distinguish
is
ripe in August. ? broader leaves.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 13

i choler, and therefore does much help pains

|
in the hips, and other parts ; being boiled

Desmpf.'J ASARABACCA appears like { in whey, they wonderfully help the oh-
an evergreen, keeping its leaves all the structions of the liver and spleen, and there-
|

Winter, but putting forth new ones in the! fore profitable for the dropsy and jaundice:
time of Spring. It has many heads rising being steeped in wine and drank, it helps
!

from the roots, from whence come many {those continual agues that come by the plenty
smooth leaves, every one upon his foot of stubborn humours ; an oil made thereof
;

stalks, which are rounder and bigger than by setting in the sun, with some laudanum
j

Violet leaves, thicker also, and of a dark added to it, provokes sweating, (the ridge
j

green shining colour on the upper side, and of the back being anointed therewith) and
J

of a pale yellow green underneath, little or thereby drives away the shaking fits of the
|

It will not abide any

nothing dented about the edges, from among ague. j long boiling,
which rise small, round, hollow, brown for it loseth its chief strength thereby ; nor
\

green husks, upon short stalks, about an much beating, for the finer powder pro-
j

inch long, divided at the brims into five vokes vomits and urine, and the coarser
|

divisions, very like the cups or heads of | purgeth downwards.

the Hen bane seed, but that they are smaller:! The common use hereof is, to take the
and these be all the flower it carries, which juice of five or seven leaves in a little drink
j

are somewhat sweet, being smelled to to cause vomiting the roots have also the ;

and wherein, when they are ripe, is con- same virtue, though they do not operate so
tained small cornered rough seeds, very forcibly; they are very effectual against the
like the kernels or stones of grapes or biting of serpents, and therefore are
put as
raisins. The roots are small and whitish, an ingredient both into Mithridite and
spreading divers ways in the ground, in- Venice treacle. The leaves and roots being
creasing into divers heads but
; not running boiled in lye, and the head often washec
or creeping under the ground, as some other therewith while it is warm, comforts the
I

creeping herbs do. They are somewhat j head and brain that is ill affected by taking
sweet in smell, resembling Nardus, but cold, and helps the memory,
\

more when they are dry than green ; and i I shall desire ignorant people to forbear
of* a
sharp and not unpleasant taste. the use of the leaves ; the roots purge more
Placed] It grows frequently in gardens. gently, and may prove beneficial to such as
;

Time.~] They keep their leaves green all have cancers, or old putrified ulcers, or
;

Winter ; but shoot forth new in the Spring, fistulas upon their bodies, to take a dram
j

and with them come forth those heads or of them in powder in a quarter of a pint of
flowers which give ripe seed about Mid- white wine in the morning.
\
The truth is,
summer, or somewhat after. I fancy purging and vomiting medicines as
:

Government and virtues^] It is a plant: little as any man breathing doth, for they
under the dominion of Mars, and therefore weaken nature, nor shall ever advise therc
;

inimical to nature. Thi-s herb being drank, to be used, unless

upon urgent necessity,
not only provokes vomiting, but
purges If a physician be nature's servant, it is his
j

downward, and by urine also, purges both duty to strengthen his mistress as much as
|

choler and flegm If you add to it some he can, and weaken her as little as may be.
:
|

spikenard, with the whey of goat's milk, or I

honeyed water, made more

AS "^us, SPARAGUS, OR SPKRAOP..
it is
strong, but i
it
purges flegm more manifestly than! DescriptJ] IT rises up at first with divers
 14 THE COMPLETE HERBAL :

white and green scaly heads, very brittle or { more than the wild, yet hath it the same
easy to break while they are young, which effects in all the afore-mentioned diseases :
I

afterwards rise up in very long and slender The decoction of the roet in white wine,
j

green stalks of the bigness of an ordinary and the back and belly bathed therewith,
|

riding wand, at the bottom of most, or j or kneeling or lying down in the same, or
bigger, or lesser, as the roots are of growth; sitting therein as a bath, has been found
|

on which are set divers branches of green effectual against pains of the reins and
I

leaves shorter and smaller than fennel to the ! bladder,

pains of the mother and cholic,
top ; at the joints whereof come forth small | and generally against all pains that happen
yellowish flowers, which turn into round f to the lower parts of the body, and no less
berries, green at first, and of an excellent effectual against stiff and benumbed sinews,
\

red colour when they are ripe, shewing like or those that are shrunk by cramps and
i

bead or coral, wherein are contained ex- j convulsions, and helps the sciatica,
ceeding hard black seeds, the roots are dis- i
* A TT T T? "P ^i "P*

persed from a spongeous head into many |

long, thick, and round strings, wherein is j THIS is so well known, that time would
sucked much nourishment out of the ground, in writing a description of it ;
[be mispent
and increaseth plentifully thereby. therefore I shall only insist upon the virtues
\

PRICKLY ASPARAGUS, OR SPERAGE. , .

,
Government and virtues.] It
i is
governed
Descript.~\ THIS grows usually in gar- by the Sun: and the young
j
tender tops,
dens, and some of it grows wild in Apple-! with the leaves taken inwardly, and some
ton meadows in Gloucestershire, where the of them outwardly applied, are singularly
\

poor people gather the buds of young good against the bitings of viper, adder, or
!

shoots, and sell them cheaper than our gar- any other venomous beast ; and the water
!

den Asparagus is sold in London. distilled therefrom being taken, a small

j

Time.'] For the most part they flower, J

quantity every morning fasting, is a singular
and bear their berries late in the year, or i medicine for those that are
subject to dropsy,
not at all, although they are housed in I or to abate the greatness of those that are
Winter.
j
too gross or fat. The decoction of the leaves
Government and virtues^ They arc both ; in white wine helps to break the stone,
under the dominion of Jupiter. The
young 5 and expel it, and cures the jaundice. The
buds or branches boiled in ordinary broth, \ ashes of the bark of the Ash made into
make the belly soluble and open, and boiled \ lye, and those heads
bathed therewith
in white wine, provoke urine, being stopped, which are leprous, scabby, or scald, they
\

and is
good against the stranguary or diffi- are thereby cured. The kernels within the
\

culty of making water; it expelleth the husks, commonly called Ashen Keys, pre-
j

gravel and stone out of the kidneys, and vail against stitches and pains in the sides,
j

helpeth pains in the reins. And boiled in proceeding of wind, and voideth away the
j
white wine or vinegar, it is prevalent for stone
by provoking urine,
\

them that have their arteries loosened, or! I can justly except against none of all
hip-gout or sciatica, this, save only the first, viz. That Ash-tree
are troubled with the i:

The decoction of the roots boiled in wine tops and leaves are good against the bitings
!

and taken, is good to clear the sight, and of serpents and vipers. I suppose this had hs
i

being held in the mouth easeth the tooth- |,rise from Gerrard or Pliny, both which hold,
ache. The garden asparagus nourishethiiThat there is such an antipathy between an
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 15

adder and an Ash-tree, that if an adder be j

tne most part, and their seed is ripe in July
encompassed round with Ash-tree leaves, $ at the farthest.
she will sooner run through the fire than j Government and virtues^] It is governed
through the leaves The contrary to which \
:
by Jupiter, and that gives hopes of a whole-
is the truth, as both my eyes are witnesses. \ some healthful herb. It is good for the dis-
The rest are virtues
something likely, only i eases of the chest or breast, for pains, and
if it be in Winter when you cannot get the |
stitches in the side, and to expel crude and
leaves, you may safely use the bark instead j
raw humours from the belly and stomach,
of them. The keys you may easily keep \ by the sweet savour and warming quality
all the year, gathering them when they are j
It dissolves the inward congealed blood
ripe. | happening by falls or bruises, and the spit-
ting of blood, if the roots, either green or
AVENS, CALLED ALSO COLEWORT, AND 5

5 i iu 'l J J 1 i
\
dry, be boiled in wine and drank ; as also
\ all manner of inward wounds or outward,

Descript.~\
The ordinary Avens hath if washed or bathed therewith.
\
The de-
many long, rough, dark green, winged jcoction also being drank, comforts the heart,
leaves, rising from the root, every one made and strengthens the stomach and a cold
j

of many leaves set on each side of the rnid-| brain, and therefore is good in the Spring
die rib, the largest three whereof grow at time to open obstructions of the liver, and
1

the end, and are snipped or dented round helps the wind cholic it also helps those
\
;

about the edges the other being small that have fluxes, or are bursten, or have a
;
j

pieces, sometimes two and sometimes four, rupture it takes away spots or marks in
5 ;

standing on each side of the middle rib the face, being washed therewith. The
i

underneath them. Among which do rise juice of the fresh root, or powder of the
j

up divers rough or hairy stalks about two dried root, has the same effect with the
feet high, branching forth with leaves at | decoction. The root in the Spring-time
every joint not so long as those below, but it a delicate savour
j steeped in wine, gives
almost as much cut in on the edges, some : and and being drank fasting every
taste,
into three parts, some into more. On the { morning, comforts the heart, and is a
tops of the branches stand small, pale, yel- s
good preservative against the plague, or
low flowers, consisting of five leaves, like; any other poison. It helps indigestion,
the flowers of Cinquefoil, but large, in the I and warms a cold stomach, and opens
middle whereof stand a small green herb, \ obstructions of the liver and spleen,
which when the flower is fallen, grows to j It is very safe you need have no dose
:

be round, being made of many long green- j prescribed and is very

; fit to be kept in
ish purple seeds (like grains) which will | every body's house,
stick upon your clothes. The root consists ;

of many brownish strings or fibres, smelling j

somewhat like unto cloves, especially those j THIS herb is so well known to be an in-
which grow in the higher, hotter, and drier habitant almost in every garden, that I shall
j

grounds, and in free and clear air. | not need to write any description thereof,
P/ace.] They grow wild in many places j although its virtues, which are many, may
under hedge's sides, and by the path-ways \ not be omitted.
in fields ; yet they rather
delight to grow in ; Government and virtues^] It is an herb of
shadowy than sunny places. !
Jupiter,and under Cancer, and strengthens
Time.~\ They flower in May or June for 1 nature much in all its actions. Let a syrup
16 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
made with the juice of it and sugar (as you } isyoung, putting to it some sugar and rose-
shall be taught at the latter end of this
j
water, is good for a woman in child-bed,
book) be kept in every gentlewoman's house ;
when the after-birth is not thoroughly
.

to relieve the weak stomachs and sick bodies | voided, and for their faintings upon or in
of their poor sickly neighbours ; as also
j
their sore travail. The herb bruised and
the herb kept dry in the house, that so boiled in a little wine and oil, and laid warm
j

with other convenient simples, you may on a boil, will ripen it, and break it.
j

make it into an electuary with honey, ac- j

BARBERRY
cording as the disease is you shall be taught |

at the latter end of my book. The Arabian THE shrub is so well known by ever}'
J

physicians have extolled the virtues thereof! boy and girl that has but attained to the
to the skies although the Greeks thought \ age of seven years, that it needs no des-
;

it not worth
mentioning. Seraphio says, I cription.
it causes the mind and heart to become { Government and virtues.'] Mars owns the:
'

merry, and revives the heart, faintings and shrub, and presents it to the use of my
swoonings, especially of such who are over- countrymen to purge their bodies of choler.
taken in sleep, and drives away all trou- The inner rind of the Barberry-tree boiled
blesome cares and thoughts out of the mind, in white wine, and a quarter of a pint drank
arising from melancholy or black choler each morning, is an excellent remedy to
;

which Avicen also confirms. It is very cleanse the body of choleric humours, and
good to help digestion, and open obstruc- free it from such diseases as choler causes,
tions of the brain, and hath so much purg- such as scabs, itch, tetters, ringworms, yel-
ing quality in it (saith Avicen) as to expel low jaundice, boils, &c. It is excellent for
]j

those melancholy vapours from the spirits hot agues, burnings, scaldings, heat of
and blood which are in the heart and the blood, heat of the liver, bloody-flux;
arteries, although it cannot do so in other for the berries are as good as the bark, and
parts of the body. Dioscorides says, more pleasing: they get a man a good
That the leaves steeped in wine, and the stomach to his victuals, by strengthening the
wine drank, and the leaves externally ap- attractive faculty which is under Mars.
]'

plied, is a remedy against the stings of a The hair washed with the lye made of
;

scorpion, and the bitings of mad dogs the tree and water, will make it turn yellow,
and commends the decoction thereof forf viz. of Mars' own colour. The fruit and
women to bathe or in to procure their; rind of the shrub, the flowers of broom
sit

courses ; it is
good wash aching teeth \ and of heath, or furz, cleanse the body of
to
therewith, and profitable for those that \ choler by sympathy, as the flowers, leaves,
have the bloody-flux. The
leaves also, with
j
and bark of the peach-tree do by antipathy ;

a little nitre taken in drink, are good against because these are under Mars, that under
the surfeit of mushrooms, helps the '
Venus.
griping
pains of the belly ; and being made into an 1
BARLEY.
electuary, it is good for them that cannot ;

fetch their breath : Used with

salt, it takes j THE continual usefulness hereof hath
away wens, kernels, or hard swellings in j made all in general so acquainted herewith,
the flesh or throat ; it cleanses foul sores, > that it is
altogether needless to describe it,
and eases pains of the gout. It is good \ several kinds hereof plentifully growing,
for the liver and spleen. A
tansy or caudle \ being yearly sown in this land. The virtues
made with eggs, and juice thereof while it thereof take as follow.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 17

Government and virtues.~\

It is a notable j
two leaves at every joint, which are some-
plant of Saturn you view diligently its
: if ;
what broad and round, yet pointed, of a
effects by sympathy and antipathy, you pale green colour, but fresh a little snipp-
| ;

may easily perceive a reason of them; as |ed about the edges, and of a strong healthy
also why barley bread is so unwholesome scent. The flowers are small and white,
\

for melancholy people. Barley in all the and standing at the tops of the branches,
$

parts and compositions thereof (except; with two small leaves at the joints, in some
is more cooling than wheat, and a lit- places green, in others brown, after which
5
malt)
tie cleansing : And all the
preparations j
come black seed. The
root perishes at
thereof, as barley-water and other things j
the approach of Winter, and therefore must
made thereof, give great nourishment to { be new sown every year,
persons troubled with fevers, agues, and! P/ace.] It grows in gardens,
heats in the stomach : A
poultice made of \
Time.~\ It must be sowed late, and flowers
barley meal or flour boiled in vinegar and j
in the heart of Summer, being a very tender
honey, and a few dry figs put into them, j plant.
dissolves all imposthumes, and assuages? Government and virtues. This is the herb ~\

inflammations, being thereto applied. And which all authors are together by the ears
;

being boiled with melilot and camomile- about, and rail at one another (like lawyers.)
j

flowers, and some linseed, fenugreek, and Galen and Dioscorides hold it not fit to be
|

rue in powder, and applied warm, it eases taken inwardly and Chrysippus rails at it
; ;

pains inside and stomach, and windiness with downright Billingsgate rhetoric; Pliny,
I

of the spleen. The meal of barley and and the Arabian physicians, defend it.
fleawort boiled in water, and made a poul- For my own part, I presently found
tice with honey and oil of lilies applied that speech true;
warm, cures swellings under the ears, f Ar ,
,.. ,

, .p,., , \Nonnostnum inter "ios tantas componere litcs.

, .

throat, neck, and such like

,
and a plaister
;

made thereof with tar, with sharp vinegar And away to Dr. Reason went I, who told
;

into a poultice, and laid on hot, helps the me it was an herb of Mars, and under the
|

leprosy ; being boiled in red wine with Scorpion, and perhaps therefore called
j

pomegranate rinds, and myrtles, stays j Basilicon, and it is no marvel if it carry

the lask or other flux of the belly; boiled; a kind of virulent quality with it. Being
with vinegar and quince, it eases the pains 5 applied to the place bitten by venomous
of the gout; barley-flour, white salt, honey, j beasts, or stung by a wasp or hornet, it
and vinegar mingled together, takes away speedily draws the poison to it ; Every like
j
the itch speedily and certainly. The water draws his like. \
Mizaldus affirms, that,
distilled from the green barley in the end of being laid to rot in horse-dung, it will breed
j

May, is very good for those that have de- venomous beasts. Hilarius, a French phy-
i

fluctions of humours fallen into their eyes, sician, affirms upon his own knowledge,
and eases the pain, being dropped into that an acquaintance of his, by common
them or white bread steeped therein, and smelling to it, had a scorpion bred in his
:

bound on the eyes, does the same. brain. Something is the matter this herb
i
;

and rue will not grow together, no, nor near

GARDEN BAZIL, OR SWEET BAZTL.
one another and we know rue is as great :

Deseript.~\ THE greater or ordinary Bazil an enemy to poison as any that grows.
rises up usually with one
upright stalk, To conclude: It expels both birth and
diversly branching forth on all sides, with after-birth ; and as it helps the deficiency
18 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
of Venus in one kind, so it spoils all her ac- leaves also work the like effects. A bath of
j

tions in another. I dare write no more of it. the decoction of the leaves and berries, is

THE BAY TREE. singularly good for women to sit in, that
are troubled with the mother, or the diseases
THIS is so well known that it needs no thereof, or the stoppings of their courses,
description : I shall therefore only write or for the diseases of the bladder, pains in
the virtues thereof, which are many. the bowels by wind and
stopping of the
Government and virtues J\ I shall but only urine. A decoction likewise of equal parts
1 1 1
"
-* J 1_
j
X* "P> I
*
11
add a word or two to what my friend has of Bay- berries, cummin seed, hyssop, ori-
written, viz. that it is a tree of the sun, and ganum, and euphorbium, with some honey,
under the celestial sign Leo, and resists and the head bathed therewith, wonder-
witchcraft very potently, as also all the evils
WjL.tr* \
fully helps distillations and rheums, and
old Saturn can do to the body of man, and \
settles the pallate of the mouth into its
they are not a few; for it is the speech of j place. The oil made of the berries is very
one, and I am mistaken if it were not ( comfortable in all cold griefs of the joints,
Mizaldus, that neither witch nor devil, i
nerves, arteries, stomach, belly, or womb,
thunder nor lightning, will hurt a man in ! and helps palsies, convulsions, cramp,
the place where a Bay-tree is. Galen said, aches, tremblings, and numbness in any
that the leaves or bark do dry and heal part, weariness also, and pains that come
very much, and the berries more than the by sore travelling. All griefs and pains
leaves ; the bark of the root is less sharp proceeding from wind, either in the head,
and hot, but more bitter, and hath some stomach, back, belly, or womb, by anointing
astriction withal whereby it is effectual to the parts affected therewith : And pains in
break the stone, and good to open obstruc- j
the ears are also cured by dropping in some
tions of the liver, spleen, and other inward of the oil, or by receiving into the ears the
parts, which bring the jaundice, dropsy, fume of the decoction of the berries through
&c. The
berries are very effectual against a funnel. The oil takes away the marks 01
all poison of venomous creatures, and the the skin and flesh by bruises, falls, &c. and
sting of wasps and bees ; as also against the dissolves the congealed blood in them. It

pestilence, or other infectious diseases, and j helps also the itch, scabs, and weals in
therefore put into sundry treacles for that the skin.
i

purpose; They likewise procure women's! BEANS.

courses, and seven of them given to a wo- i
man in sore travail of child-birth, do cause iBOTH the garden and field beans are so
a speedy delivery, and expel the after birth, well known, that it saves me the labour of
i

and therefore not to be taken by such as have writing any description of them. The vir-
i:

not gone out their time, lest they procure \ tues follow.
abortion, or cause labour too soon. They 1 Government and virtues^] They are plants
wonderfully help all cold and rheumatic of Venus, and the distilled water of the
j
distillations from the brain to the eyes, flower of
j garden beans is good to clean the
lungs or other parts ; and being made into j face and skin from spots and wrinkles, and
.in electuary with honey, do
help the con- j the meal or flour of them, or the small beans
sumption, old coughs, shortness of breath, 1 doth the same. The water distilled from
and thin rheums as also the megrim. They, i the green husks, is held to be very effectual
;

mightily expel the wind, and provoke urine;* against the stone, and to provoke urine,
help the mother, and kill the worms. The Bean flour is used in poultices to assuage
5
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 19

inflammations arising from wounds, and : to say, white, yellow, red, blackish, or of
is

the swelling of women's breasts caused by a deeper purple, but white is the most usual
\
;

die curdling of their milk, and represses after which come long and slender flat pods,
j

their milk ; Flour of beans and Fenugreek some crooked, some straight, with a string
I

mixed with honey, and applied to felons, j running down the back thereof, wherein is
boils, bruises, or blue marks by blows, or flattish round fruit made like a kidney ; the
*

the imposthumes in the kernels of the ears, root long, spreads with many strings an-
*

helps them all, and with Rose leaves, nexed to it, and perishes every year.
!

Frankincense and the white of an egg, being! There is another sort of French beans
applied to the eyes, helps them that are commonly growing with us in this land,
j

swollen or do water, or have received any which is called the Scarlet flower Bean,
j

blow upon them, if used with wine. If a j This rises with sundry branches as the
bean be parted in two, the skin being taken other, but runs higher, to the length of hop-
j

away, and laid on the place where the leech poles, about which they grow twining, but
j

hath been set that bleeds too much, stays turning contrary to the sun, haviug foot-
j

ihe bleeding. Bean flour boiled to a poul- stalks with three leaves on each, as on the
1

tice with wine and vinegar, and some oil other ; the flowers also are like the other,
1

put thereto, eases both pains and swelling and of a most orient scarlet colour. The
of the privities. The husks boiled in water to Beans are larger than the ordinary kind,
j
the consumption of a third part thereof, of a dead purple colour turning black when
j

stays a lask ; and the ashes of the husks, ripe and dry the root perishes in Winter.
j ;

made up with old hog's grease, helps the Government and virtues.'] These also be-
old pains, contusions, and wounds of the long to Dame Venus, and being dried and
sinews, the sciatica and gout. The field beat to powder, are as great strengtheners
beans have all the aforementioned virtues asiof the kidneys as any are; neither is there
the garden beans. j
a better remedy than it a dram at a time
;

Beans eaten are extremely windy meat taken in white wine to prevent the stone, or
;

but if after the Dutch fashion, when they to cleanse the kidneys of gravel or stoppage.
are half boiled you husk them and then The ordinary French Beans are of an easy
stew them, (I cannot tell you how, for I digestion ; they move the belly, provoke
never was a cook in all my life) they are urine, enlarge the breast that is straight-
j
wholesome food. 1 ened
with shortness of breath, engender
sperm, and incite to venery. And the scar-
let coloured Beans, in regard of the glori-

Descnpt.'] THIS French or Kidney Beaiious beauty of their colour, being set near
arises at first but with one stalk, which;: a quickset hedge, will much adorn the
afterwards divides itself into many arms or same, by climbing up thereon, so that they
branches, but all so weak that if they be may be discerned a great way, not without
not sustained with sticks or poles, they will admiration of the beholders at a distance,
j

be fruitless upon the ground. At several But they will go near to kill the quicksets
{

places of these branches grow foot stalks, j by cloathing them in scarlet,

each with three broad round and pointed TATITFS u STRAW
i i -i
p I
j | LAJJL.tjO.D.kJL' SllvAVV.
green leaves at the end or them ; towards ?

the top comes forth divers flowers made like \ BESIDES the common name above writ-
to pease blossoms, of the same colour for! ten, it is called Cheese-Rennet, because it
the 'most part that the fruit will be of; that performs the same office, as also Gailion,
j
G
 20 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Pettimugget, and Maiden-hair; and by some j oil, by being set in the sun, and changed
Wild Rosemary. J after has stood ten or twelve days or
it ;

Descript.] This rises up with divers into an ointment being boiled in

Axunga,
small brown, and square upright stalks, a \
or sallad oil, with some wax melted therein,
yard high or more ; sometimes branches j
after is strained ; either the oil made
it

forth into divers parts, full of joints, and thereof, or the ointment, do help
| burnings
with divers very fine small leaves at every : with fire, or scalding with water. The
one of them, little or nothing rough at all ; : same also, or the decoction of the herb and
at the tops of the branches grow many long
|
flower, is good to bathe the feet of travellers
tufts or branches of yellow flowers very j
and lacquies, whose long running causes
thick set together, from the several joints ;weariness and stiffness in the sinews and
which consist of four leaves a piece, which '.joints. If the decoction be used warm, and
smell somewhat strong, but not unpleasant. \ the joints afterwards anointed with oint-
The seed is small and black like poppy j ment, it helps the dry scab, and the itch
seed, two for the most part joined together : in children and the herb with the white
;
j

The root is reddish, with many small threads |

flower is also very good for the sinews,
fastened to it, which take strong hold of arteries, and joints, to comfort and strengthen
j

the ground, and creep a little: and the them after travel, cold, and pains,
:

branches leaning O a little down to the ^^

ground, * ;

13 T? ~f T Q 1

take root at the joints thereof, whereby it i

is
easily encreased. OF Beets there are two sorts, which are
There is another sort of Ladies Bed- j best known generally, and whereof I shall
straw growing frequently in England, which I principally treat at this time, viz. the white
bears white flowers as the other doth yel- and red Beets, and their virtues,
j

low ; but the branches of this are so weak, Descript.] The common white Beet has
that unless it be sustained by the hedges, j many great leaves next the ground, some-
or other things near which it grows, it will what large and of a whitish green colour,
j

lie down to the

ground the leaves a little The stalk is great, strong, and ribbed, bear-
; 5

bigger than the former, and the flowers not ing great store of leaves upon it, almost to
>

so plentiful as these; and the root hereof is the very top of it: The flowers grow in
|

also thready and abiding. i

very long tufts, small at the end, and turn-
Place.~\ They grow in meadows and pas- ing down their heads, which are small, pale
i

lures both wet and dry, and by the hedges. greenish, yellow buds, giving cornered
;

Time.'] They flower in May for the most prickly seed. The root is great, long, and
part, and the seed is ripe in July and j hard, and when it has given seed is of no
August. use at all.
i

Government and virtues.'] They are both

j
The common red Beet differs not from
herbs of Venus, and therefore strengthening the white, but only it is less, and the leave*
j

the parts both internal and external, which \ and the roots are. somewhat red ; the leaves
she rules. The decoction of the former of are differently red, some only with red stalks
j

those being drank, is good to fret and break \ or veins ; some of a fresh red, and others
the stone, provoke urine, stays inward of a dark red. The root thereof is red,
:

bleeding, and heals inward wounds. The spungy, and not used to be eaten,
1

herb or flower bruised and put into thej Government and virtues.] The government
nostrils, stays their bleeding likewise \ of these two sorts of Beets are far different
: ;

The flowers and herbs being made into an the red Beet being under Saturn and the
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 21

while under Jupiter; therefore take the branches, being round bellied and open at j

virtues of than apart, each by itself. The the brims, and divided into two parts, the
|

white Beet much loosens the belly, and uppermost being like a hood, and the lower-
i

is of a cleansing, digesting quality, and most like a hip hanging down, of a dark j

provokes urine. The juice of it opens rt-d colour, which passing there comes in
_ ** . i i i

obstructions both of the liver and spleen, their places small round heads with small
and is good for the head-ache and swirn- points at the ends, wherein lie small and
rnings therein,
and turnings of the brain ; brownish seeds the root is a thick bush of
! ;

and effectual also against all venomous strings and shreds, growing from the head.
is
j

creatures; and applied to the temples,? Place.] It grows by the ditch side,

stays inflammations
in the eyes; it
helps j brooks, and other water-courses, generally
burnings, being used with oil, and with a \ through this land, and is seldom found far
little alum put to it, good is for St. An- from
\
the water-side.
It flowers about
thony's fire. It is good for
wheals, \ Time.] all
July, and the
pushes, blisters, and blains in the skin
the! seed is
ripe in August.
:

herb boiled, and laid upon chilblains orj Government and virtues.] Water Betonv
kibes, helps them. The decoction thereof is an herb of
Jupiter in Cancer, and is ap-
in water and some vinegar, heals the itch, propriated more to wounds and hurts in the
if bathed therewith; and cleanses the head breasts than Wood Betony, which follows ;
;

of dandruff, scurf, and dry scabs, and does j It is an excellent remedy for sick hogs. It
much good for fretting and running sores, us of a cleansing quality. The leaves bruised
ulcers, and cankers in the head, legs, or. and applied are effectual for all old and filthy
1
*
11 1 1 *11 */*.! 1 i

other parts, and is much commended against ulcers and especially if the juice of the
i

baldness and shedding the hair. leaves be boiled with a little honey, and
The red Beet is good to stay the bloody- dipped therein, and the sores dressed there-
j

flux, women's courses, and the whites, and j with as also for bruises and hurts, whether ;

to help the yellow jaundice; the juice of inward or outward. The distilled water of
\

the root put into the nostrils, purges the the leaves is used for the same purpose ; as
j

head, helps the noise in the ears, and the also to bathe the face and hands spotted or{

tooth-ache; the juice snuffed up the nose, { blemished, or discoloured by sun burning,
helps a stinking breath, if the cause lie in I confess I do not much fancy distilled
i

the nose, as many times it does, if any bruise waters, I mean such waters as are distilled
j
has been there as also want of smell cold
: some virtues of the herb they may
| ;

coming that way. haply have fit were a

strange thing else ;)
WATFU
>V A 1 K 13FIFTOMV
1 U JN \
.1..
but
.Ci

tilled
* am c ""^ 6 " 1
1
j

'
*
f> that
.
*
1 1
a pewter still, as the vulgar and
^m
being dis-
1
'
. 1 i i

CALLED also Brown-wort, and in York- I apish fashion is, both chemical oil and salt1

is left behind unless

shire, Bishop's-leaves. you burn them, and
'|

Descript.] First, of the Water Betony, then all is

spoiled, water and all, which was
j

which rises with square, hard, greenish good for as little as cun be by such a dis-
up
stalks, sometimes brown, set with broad tillation. |

dark green leaves dented about the edges I

with notches somewhat resemblingthe leaves
j
of the Wood Betony, but much larger too, Descrtpt.] COMMON or Wood Betonv
i

for the most part set at a joint The flowers j has many leaves rising from the root,
are many, set at the tops of the stalks and* which are somewhat broad and round at
22 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the end roundly dented about the edges, pure honey is no less available for all sorts
(

standing upon long foot stalks, from among I of coughs, or colds, wheesing, or shortness
which rise up small, square, slender, but of breath, distillations of thin rheum upon
;

upright hairy stalks, with some leaves there- the lungs, which causes consumptions,
!

on to a piece at the joints, smaller than the The decoction made with Mead, and a little
j

lower, whereon are set several spiked heads i Pennyroyal, is good for those that are
of flowers like Lavender, but thicker and troubled with putrid agues, whether quo-
j

shorter for the most part, and of a reddish tidian, tertian, or quartan, and to draw
;

or purple colour, spotted with white spots down and evacuate the blood and humours,
j

both in the upper and lower part. The j that by falling into the eyes, do hinder the
seeds being contained within the husks that sight; the decoction thereof made in wine
j
hold the flowers, are blackish, somewhat j and taken, kills the worms in the belly,
long and uneven. The roots are many opens obstructions both of the spleen and
j

white thready strings: the stalk perishes, liver

1 cures stitches, and pains in the
;

but the roots with some leaves thereon, back and sides, the torments and griping
j

abide all the Winter. The whole plant is pains in the bowels, and the wind cholic
j
;

somewhat small. Jand mixed with honey purges the belly,

Placed] It grows frequently in woods, helps to bring down women's courses, and
J

and delights in shady places, \

is of
special use for those that are troubled
Time.'] And it flowers in July
; after
> with the falling down of the mother, and
which the seed is quickly ripe, yet in its pains thereof, and causes an easy and
j

prime in May. ;
speedy delivery of women in child-birth,
Government and virtues,"] The herb is ap- It helps also to break and expel the stone,
!

propriated to the planet Jupiter, and the either in the bladder or kidneys. The de-
j

sign Aries. Antonius Musa, physician to coction with wine gargled in the mouth,
\

the Emperor Augustus Caesar, wrote a pe- eases the tooth-ache.

}
It is commended
culiar book of the virtues of this herb ; and against the stinging and biting of venomous
:

among other virtues saith of that it

pre- serpents, or mad dogs, being used inwardly
:
it,
serves the liver and bodies of men from and applied outwardly to the place.
j
A
the danger of epidemical diseases, and from idram of the powder of Betony taken with
witchcraft also ; it
helps those that loath a little honey in some vinegar, does won-
j

and cannot digest their meat, those that derfully refresh those that are over wearied
|

have weak stomachs and sour belchmgs, or by travelling. It stays bleeding at the mouth
j
continual rising in their stomachs, using
it]
or nose, and helps those that void or spit
familiarly either green or dry; either the blood, and those that are bursten or have
j

herb, or root, or the flowers, in broth, drink, a rupture, and is good for such as are
or meat, or made into conserve, syrup, bruised by any fall or otherwise. The
water, electuary, or powder, as every one green herb bruised, or the juice applied to
may best frame themselves unto, or as the any inward hurt, or outward green wound
time and season requires taken any of in the head or body, will quickly heal and
; j

the aforesaid ways, it helps the jaundice, close it up

5 ;as also any veins or sinews that
falling sickness, the palsy, convulsions, or are cut, and will draw forth any broken
\

shrinking of the sinews, the gout and those bone or splinter, thorn or other things got
j

that are inclined to dropsy, those that have into the flesh.
! It is no less profitable for
continual pains in their heads, although it old sores or filthy ulcers, yea, tho' they be
j

turn to phrensy. The powder mixed with \ fistulous and hollow. But some do advise
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 2*

to put a little salt for this

purpose, being \ The water that is found in the hollow places
applied with a little hog's lard, it helps a! of decaying Beeches will cure both man
plague sore, and other boils and pushes, i and beast of any scurf, or running tetters,
The fumes of the decoction while it is j
if they be washed therewith ;
you may boil
warm, received by a funnel into the ears, j
the leaves into a poultice, or make an oint-
eases the pains of them, destroys the j
ment of them when time of year serves.
worms and cures the running sores
them. The juice dropped into them does
H BILBERRIES, CALLED
;
BY SOME WHORTS,
the same. Ihe root of Betony is displeas- ;

ing both to the taste and stomach, whereas: Descript^] OF these I shall only speak
the leaves and flowers, by their sweet and of two sorts which are common in England,
j

spicy taste, are comfortable both to meat viz. The black and red berries.
: And first
and medicine. of the black.
:

These are some of the many virtues! The small bush creeps along upon the
Anthony Muse, an expert physician, (for it ground, scarcely rising half a yard high,
:

was not the practice of Octavius Cesar to; with divers small green leaves set in the
keep fools about him) appropriates to green branches, not always one against the
j

Betony it is a very precious herb, that is other, and a little dented about the edges:
; j

certain, and most fitting to be kept in a At the foot of the leaves come forth small,
j

man's house, both in syrup, conserve, oil, hollow, pale, bluish coloured flowers, the
j

ointment and plaister. The flowers are brims ending at five points, with a reddish
;

usually conserved. thread in the middle, which pass into small

!

round berries of the bigness and colour of

THE BEECH TREE. J

U f i
'jumper berries, but of a purple, sweetish
IN treating of this tree, you must under- sharp taste; the juice of them gives a
1

stand, that I mean

the green mast Beech, purplish colour in their hands and lips that
\

which is distinction from that eat and handle them, especially if they
by way of :

other small rough sort, called in Sussex the break them.

j
The root grows aslope under
smaller Beech, but in Essex Horn-beam. ground, shooting forth in sundry places
;

I suppose it is needless to describe it, jas it This loses its leaves in

creeps.
being already too well known to my coun- Winter,
j

trymen. The Red Bilberry, or Whortle-Bush,

Place.'] It
grows woods amongst oaks rises up like the former, having sundry
in f

and other trees, and in parks, forests, and hard eaves, like the Box-tree leaves,
;
green
chases, to feed deer and in other places to and round pointed, standing on the several
; :

fatten swine. branches, at the top whereof only, and not

|

Time.'] It blooms in the end of April, from the sides, as in the former, come forth
j

or beginning of May, for the most part, divers round, reddish, sappy berries, when
j

and the fruit is ripe in September. they are ripe, of a sharp taste. The root
{

Government and virtues.] It is a plant of | runs in the ground, as in the former, but
Saturn, and therefore performs his qualities! the leaves of this abide all Winter,
and proportion in these operations. The i
PlaceJ] The first grows in forests, on the
leaves of the Beech tree are cooling and heaths, and such like barren places the
; :

binding, and therefore good to be applied red grows in the north parts of this land, as
j

to hot swellings to discuss them the nuts Lancashire, Yorkshire, &c.

; :

do much nourish such beasts as feed thereon. 5

They flower in March and
Time.~\ April,
a
24 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and the fruit of the black is
ripe in July i
straight tree, fraught with many boughs, and
and August. j
slender branches bending downward : the
Government and virtues."] They are under ;
old being covered with discoloured
chapped
the dominion of Jupiter. It is a pity they j bark, and the younger being browner by
are used no more in physic than they are. |
much. The leaves at the first breaking our
The black Bilberries are good inhot agues j
are crumpled, and afterwards like the beech
and to cool the heat of the liver and 5 leaves, but smaller and greener, and dented
stomach ; they do somewhat bind the belly, about j
the bearo small short
edges. It
and stay vomitings and loathings; the juice >
cat-skins, somewhat like those of the hazel-
of the berries made in a syrup, or the pulp nut-tree, which abide on the branches a
made into a conserve with sugar, is good >
long time, until growing ripe, they fall on
for the purposes aforesaid, as also for an old ; the ground, and their seed with them,
cough, or an ulcer in the lungs, or other; Placed It usually grows in woods,
diseases therein. The Red Worts are more j
Government and virtues.] It is a tree of
binding, and stops women's courses, spitting j
Venus the juice of the leaves, while they
of blood, or any other flux of blood or j
are young, or the distilled water of them,
humours, being used as well outwardly as or the water that comes from the tree being
j

inwardly. i bored with an auger, and distilled after-

BIFOIL OR TWABLADE. Wards any f theS6 bein g drank f r SOme
.
j

T\ .-i
Descnpt.-]
rr<
THIS 11u u r
small herb, from a root
somewhat sweet, shooting downward many L
|
days together, is available to break the stone
m ^
^ SOK /mouths>
; and ^ .

a]so

long strings, rises up a round green stalk, j

bare or naked next the ground for an inch, s BIRD'S FOOT.

two or three to the middle thereof as it is in TR i g gma ,, herb ^ ab(m; & F
^i^
j

age or growth; as also from the middle up- w wkh ma

^
;
fa d the
V
ward to the flowers, having only two broad
PJamtain-like leaves (but whiter) set at the
,
f)und e{
.

J small
f^^ The flowcm * \ fhe branches
^
| .

middle of the stalk one against another,; small oneg f & Uow co]our
compassing it round at the bottom of them.
an
It usual
is inhabitant in
bein ^ a_ head t the]
|
^ T whj ^ h afterward ,
Place.] turn into small Jjofnted ds? wdl resem .
|

woods, copses, and in many places in this blin the claw of small birds> whence it took
.

land -
? its name
There is another sort grows m wet grounds another ort of Bird>s Foot in
| There ig
and marshes, which is somewhat different; all thin , ike the fo but a ]itlle
from the former. It is a smaller plant, and
greener having sometimes three leaves; the \ col % and the
1;
fhe flowers of a
ds distinct
le whitjsh red

by joints like
spike of the flowers is less than the former, the other, but a little more crooked ; and
and the roots of this do run or creep in the the roots do
carry many small white knots
ground.
_., Qr
\Jl j^gj-^s
JVGH1C10 amongst s the
ailJUl.lt'ai. OHllltLO.
IHVJ strings.

^
! , i

They are often used by many to good

-
-,

j
p/flce andThege fe
on he| th
purpose for wounds, both green and old.j
rg, ^
un p i a ces o f this land.
to consolidate or knit ruptures and well it ;
flower and eed in the end
may, being a plant of baturn.
| Q j.

THE BIRCH TREE. Government and

virtues.'] They belong to
Descript.] THIS grows a goodly tall J Saturn, and are of a drying, binding quality
 PLATE

Bird's l''o ol > > h D U c

i
|'\
-. (!
Hist ori ,'/ Su;i kc\\ i-rtl

^ liii e !< riouv

'

r> rn n \< \ rs i i
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
and thereby very good to be used in wound It digests humours, provokes urine ana
drinks as also to apply outwardly for the women's courses, dissolves wind, and being
,

same purpose. But the latter Bird's Foot taken in wine it eases pains and griping in
is found by experience to break the stone the bowels, and is good against the biting
:

in the back or kidneys, and drives them of serpents it is used to good effect in ;
j

forth, if the decoction thereof be taken; j those medicines which are given to hinder
and it wonderfully helps the rupture, be- j the poisonous operation of Cantharides,
ing taken inwardly, and outwardly applied upon the passage ! of the urine: being
to the place. 1 mixed with honey and applied to black
All sorts have best operations upon the and blue marks, coming of blows or bruises,
\

stone, as ointments and plaisters have upon it takes them away

j and being drank or ;

wounds and therefore you may make a outwardly applied, it abates an high colour
:
j

salt of this for the stone the way how to and makes it pale ; and the fumes thereof
;
|

do so may be found in my translation of the taken with rosin or raisins, cleanses the
London Dispensatory and it may be I mother.
;

may give you again in plainer terms at

it
BISTORT OR SNAKEWEED.
,
the latter end or tins book.
IT is called Snakeweed, English Serpen-
BISHOP S-WEED.
tary, Dragon-wort, Osterick, and Passions.
BESIDES the common name Bishop's- j
Rescript.'] This has
a thick short knobbed
weed, it is usually known by the Greek I
root, blackish without, and somewhat red-
name Ammi and Ammois ; some call it dish within, a little crooked or turned
*

Ethiopian Cummin-seed, and others Cum- together, of a hard astringent taste, with
j

min-royal, as also Herb William, and Bull- divers black threads hanging therefrom,
1

wort. whence spring up every year divers leaves,

*

DescriptJ] Common Bishop's-weed rises standing upon long footstalks, being some-
|

up with a round straight stalk, sometimes what broad and long like a dock leaf, and
j

as high as a man, but usually three or four j a little pointed at the ends, but that it is of
feet high, beset with divers small, long and a blueish green colour on the upper side,
\

somewhat broad leaves, cut in some places, and of an ash-colour grey, and a little pur-
;

and dented about the edges, growing one*plish underneath, with divers veins therein,
against another, of a dark green colour, from among which rise up divers small and
I

having sundry branches on them, and at the slender stalks, two feet high, and almost
j

top small umbels of white flowers, which naked and without leaves, or with a very
|

turn into small round seeds little bigger than few, and narrow, bearing a spiky bush of
\

Parsley seeds, of a quick hot scent and pale-coloured flowers which being past,
! ;

taste; the root is white and stringy perish- there abides small seed, like unto Sorrel
; j

ing yearly, and usually rises again on its | seed, but greater,
own sowing. There are other sorts of Bistort growing
Placed] grows wild in many places in in this land, but smaller, both in height.,
It \

England and Wales, as between Green-: root, and stalks, and especially in the leaves.
hithe and Gravesend. The root blackish without, and somewhat
Government and virtues^ It is hot and whitish within ; of an austere binding taste,
'\

dry in the third degree, of a bitter taste, as the former.

and somewhat sharp withal it provokes ;
Place.'] They grow in shadowy moist
lust to purpose ; 1 suppose Venus owns it. woods, and at the foot, of hills, but are
20 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
chiefly nourished up in gardens. The nar- ^immoderate bleeding thereof. The decoc-
row leafed Bistort grows in the north, in tion of the root in water, where unto some
!

Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Cumberland. pomegranate peels and flowers are added,
|

Time.'] They flower about the end of j injected into the matrix, stays the immo-
May, and the seed is ripe about the begin- derate flux of the courses. The root there-
i

ning of July. of with pelitory of Spain, and burnt alum,

;

Government and virtues.'] It belongs tojof each a little quantity, beaten small and
Saturn, and is in operation cold and dry ; into paste with some honey, and a little
>

both the leaves and roots have a powerful j piece thereof put into an hollow tooth, or
faculty to resist all poison. The root in held between the teeth, if there be no hoi-
j

powder taken in drink expels the venom j lowness in them, stays the defluction of
of the plague, the small-pox, measels, pur- rheum upon them which causes pains, and
j

pies, or any other infectious disease, driv- helps to cleanse the head, and void much
$

ing it out by sweating. The root in powder, offensive water. The distilled water is very
;

the decoction thereof in wine being drank, effectual to wash sores or cankers in the
t

stays all manner of inward bleeding, or j nose, or any other part if the powder of ;

spitting of blood, and any fluxes in the the root be applied thereunto afterwards,
1

body of either man or woman, or vomiting, j It is good also to fasten the gums, and to
It is also very available against ruptures, take away the heat and inflammations that
:

or burstings, or all bruises from falls, dissolv- happen in the jaws, almonds of the throat,
\

ing the congealed blood, and easing the or mouth, if the decoction of the leaves,
pains that happen thereupon ; it also helps roots, or seeds bruised, or the juice of them
the jaundice. be applied but the roots are most effectual
;

The water distilled from both leaves and to the purposes aforesaid.
roots, is a singular remedy to wash any

place bitten or stung by any venomous

creature ; as also for any of the purposes DescriptJ] THIS small plant never bears
before spoken of, and is very good to wash more than one leaf, but only when it rises
any running sores or ulcers. The decoction j up with its stalk, which thereon bears
of the root in wine being drank, hinders another, and seldom more, which are of a
abortion or miscarriage in child-bearing. blueish green colour, broad at the bottom,
The leaves also kill the worms in children, and pointed with many ribs or veins like
and is a great help to them that cannot keep Plaintain at the top of the stalk grow
;
|

their water; ifthe juice of Plaintain be many small flowers star-fashion, smelling
J

added thereto, and outwardly applied, much ! somewhat sweet ; after which comes small
helps the ghonorrhea, or running of the! reddish berries when they are ripe.
The
reins. A dram of the powder of the root \ root small of the bigness of a rush, lying
taken in water thereof, wherein some red I and creeping under the upper crust of the
hot iron or steel hath been quenched, is also \ earth, shooting forth in divers places,
an admirable help thereto, so as the body Place.']
j
It grows in moist, shadowy,
be first prepared and from the of- grassy places of woods, in many places of
purged j

fensive humours. The

leaves, seed, or roots this realm.
j

are all veiy good in decoctions, drinks or; It flowers about May, and the
Time.']
lotions, for inward or outward wounds, or berries are ripe in June, and then quickly
!

other sores. And the powder strewed upon | perishes, until the next year it springs from
any cut or wound in a vein, stays the ;
the same again.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 27

Government and virtues.,] It is an herb of I berries mixed with the juice of mulberries,
the Sun, and therefore cordial ; half a dram, j do bind more effectually, and hdp all fret-
or a dram at most, of the root hereof in ting and eatingsores and ulcers wheresoever,
|

powder taken in wine and vinegar, of each j The distilled Avater of the branches, leaves,
a little quantity, and the party presently and flowers, or of the fruit, is very pleasant
j
aid to sweat, is held to be a sovereign Jin taste, and very effectual in fevers and hot
remedy for those that are infected with the j distempers of the body, head, eyes, and
plague, and have a sore upon them, by ex- 1 other parts, and for the purposes aforesaid,
pelling the poison, and defending the heart | The leaves boiled in lye, and the head
and spirits from danger. It is also accounted {
washed therewith, healsthe itch and
a singular good wound herb, and therefore \ running sores thereof, and makes the hair
used Avith other herbs in making such balms \
black. The powder of the leaves strewed
as are necessary for curing of wounds, i
on cankers and running ulcers, wonderfully
either green or old, and especially if the
helps to heal them. Some use to conden-
nerves be hurt. the of the leaves, and some the

THE BRAMBLE, OR SLACK-BBHKT BUSH.

j
sate
J<*
all
f
juice
Ae **tO "P
(he year, for the purposes aforesaid.
*
IT is so well known that it needs no ;

description. The virtues thereof are

as'j
follows: !
DescriptJ] OF these there aie two sorts
Government and virtues.,] a plant cfs commonly known, viz. white and red,
It is
Venus in Aries. If any ask the reason The white has leaves somewhat like to
why Venus is so prickly ? Tell them it is Beets, but smaller, rounder and of a whitish
because she is in the house of Mars. The green colour, every one standing upon a
buds, leaves, and branches, while they are! small long footstalk the stalk rises up two :

green, are of a good use in the ulcers and; or three feet high, with such like leaves
putrid sores of the mouth and throat, and thereon; the flowers grow at the top in long
j
of the quinsey, and likewise to heal other round tufts or clusters, wherein are con-
i

fresh wounds and sores ;but the flowers \ tained small and round seed the root is ;

and fruits unripe are very binding, and so very full of threads or strings,
j

profitable for the Woody flux, lasks, and ;The red Elite is in all things like the
are a fit remedy for spitting of blood. white, but that his leaves and tufted heads
1

Either the decoction of the powder or of! are exceeding red at first, and after turn
the root taken, is good to break or drive more :
purple.
forth gravel and the stone in the reins and There are other kinds of Elites which
j
kidneys. The leaves and brambles, as | grow different from the two former sorts
well green as dry, are exceeding good lotions but little, but only the wild are smaller in
j

for sores in the mouth, or secret

parts, every part.
j

The decoction of them, and of the dried j They grow in gardens, and wild
Place.']
branches, do much bind the belly and are in many places in this land,
:

good for too much flowing of women's Time.']

! They seed in August and Sep-
courses; the berries of the flowers are a tember.
powerful remedy against the poison of the Government and virtues.'] They are all
most venomous serpents ; as well drank as of them cooling, drying, and binding, serv-
S . rtll i rt 1 * *
. 1

outwardly applied, helps the sores of the ing to restrain the fluxes of blood in either
j

fundament and the piles; the juice of the? man or woman, especially the red which ;
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
also stays the overflowing of the women's j
Time.'] They flower in June and July,
reds, as the white Elites stays the whites j
and the seed is
ripe shortly after,
in women. It is an excellent secret ; you
|
Government and virtues.^ They are all

cannot well fail in the use. They are all i three herbs of Jupiter and under Leo, all

under the dominion of Venus. great cordials, and great strengtheners of

!

There is another sort of wild Elites like nature. The leaves and roots are to very
j

the other wild kinds, but have long and good purpose used in putrid and pestilential
j

spiky heads of greenish seeds, seeming by fevers, to defend the heart, and help to
;

the thick setting together to be all seed. resist arid expel the poison, or the venom
j

This sort the fishers are delighted with, 1 of other creatures the seed is of the like
:

and it is
good and usual bait for fishes
; i effects and the seed and leaves are good
;

will bite fast enough at them, if you have I to increase milk in women's breasts; the
wit enough to catch them when they bite, j leaves, flowers and seed, all or any of
:them, are good to expel pensiveness and
BOEAGE AND BUGLOss. ; melancholy; it helps to clarify the blood,
iand mitigate heat in fevers. The juice
THESE are so well known to the inhabi-jmade into a syrup prevails much to all
tants in every garden that I hold it needless the purposes aforesaid, and is put, with other
j

to describe them. i
cooling, opening and cleansing herbs to
To these mayI add a third sort, which! open obstructions, and help the yellow jaun-
is not so common, nor yet so well known, dice, and mixed with Fumitory, to cool
j

and therefore I shall give you its name and cleanse, and temper the blood thereby it
; ;

description. 1
helps the itch, ringworms and tetters, or
It is called Langue de Bceuf; but why other spreading scabs or sores. The flowers
i

then should they call one herb by the name j candied or made into a conserve, are help-
of Bugloss, and another by the name Langue | ful in the former cases, but are chiefly used
de Bxuf? it is some question to me, seeing? as a cordial, and are good for those thai
one signifies Ox-tongue in Greek, and the j are weak in long sickness, and to comfort
other signifies the same in French. ! the heart and of those that are in a
spirits
Descript.~\ The leaves
whereof are smaller -consumption, or troubled with often swoon-
than those of Bugloss but much rougher I ings, or passions of the heart. The distilled
;

the stalks rising up about a foot and a half water is no less effectual to all the purposes
i

high, and is most commonly of a red colour; i aforesaid, and helps the redness and
inflam-
the flowers stand in scaly round heads, mations of the eyes, being washed there-
j

being composed of many small yellow with ; the herb dried is never used, but the
\

flowers not much unlike to those of Dan- ' green yet the ashes thereof boiled in
;

delion, and the seed flieth away in down mead,

I or honied water, is available against
as that doth; you may easily know the | the inflammations and ulcers in the mouth
flowers by their taste, for they are very or throat, to gargle it therewith
: the roots ;

hitter. of Bugloss are effectual, being made into

j

Placed] It grows wild in many places a licking electuary for the cough, and to
;

of this land, and may be plentifully found j condensate thick phlegm, and the rheuma-
near London, as between Rotherhithe and tic distillations upon the lungs.
Deptford, by the ditch side. Its virtues;
111 i ti T> J J J Ai U JS J
are held to be the same with Borage and j;

Bugloss, only this is somewhat hotter IT is called Syanus, I suppose from the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 29

colour of it: Hurt-sickle, because it turns |

The juice dropped into the eyes lakes away
the edge of the sickles that reap the corn ; the heat and inflammation of them. The
j

Blue-blow, Corn flower, and Blue-bottle, j

distilledwater of this herb, has the same
Descript.~\
I shall only describe that j properties, and may be used for the effects
which is commonest, and in my opinion \ aforesaid,
most useful its leaves spread upon the
;
BRANK URSINE.
ground, being of a whitish green colour,
somewhat on the edges like those of Corn- BESIDES the common name Brank-
Scabions, amongst which rises up a stalk Ursine, it isalso called Bear's-breech, and
divided into divers branches, beset with |
Acanthus, though I think our English
long leaves of a greenish colour, either but- names to be more proper; for the Greek
very little indented, or not at all the
; I word Acanthus, signifies any thistle what-
flowers are of a blueish colour, from whence : soever.
it took its name, consisting of an innumera-
j Descript.~\ This thistle shoots forth very
ble company of flowers set in a scaly head, j many smooth leaves
large, thick, sad green
not much unlike those of Knap-weed the ; on the ground, with a very thick and juicy
j
seed is smooth, bright, and shining, wrapp- j middle rib; the leaves are parted with
ed up in a wooly mantle ; the root perishes sundry deep gashes on the edges; the leaves
j

every year. remain a long time, before any stalk ap-

|

PlaceJ] They grow in corn fields, amongst pears, afterwards rise? up a reasonable big
|
all sorts of corn, (pease, beans, and tares *
stalk, three or four feet high,and bravely
excepted.) If you please to take them up | decked with flowers from the middle of the
from thence, and transplant them in your \
stalk upwards for on the lower part of the
;

garden, especially towards the full of j stalk, there is neither branches nor leaf,
the rnoon, they will grow more double than > The flowers are hooded and gaping, being
they are, and many times change colour, i white in colour, and standing in brownish
Time.~\ They flower from the beginning | husks, with a long small undivided leaf
of May, to the end of harvest. j
under each leaf; they seldom seed in our
Government and virtues.'] As they are !
country. Its roots are many, great and

naturally cold, dry, and binding, so they j thick, blackish without and whitish within,
are under the dominion of Saturn. The full of a clammy sap ; a piece of them if

powder or dried leaves of the Blue-bottle, you set it in the garden, and defend it from
or Corn flower, is given with good success the first Winter cold, will grow and flourish.
to those that are bruised by a fall, or have \
Placed] They only nursed in the
are
broken a vein inwardly, and void much j gardens in England, where they will grow
blood at the mouth being taken in the
; 5
very well.
water of Plantain, Horsetail, or the greater Time.'] June and July.
It flowers in
j

Comfrey, it is a remedy against the poison 1 Government and virtues.^ It is an exccl-

cf the scorpion, and resists all venoms and | lent plant under the dominion of the Moon;
poison. The seed or leaves taken in wine, ;
I could wish such as are studious would
is
very good against the plague, and all in- labour to keep it in their gardens. The
i

fectious diseases, and is very

good in pes- leaves being boiled and used in clysters,
is
1

tilential fevers. The juice put into fresh or \ excellent good to molify the belly, and
green wounds, doth quickly solder up the \ make the passage slippery. The decoction
lips of them together, and is very effectual { drank inwardly, is excellent
and good for
to heal all ulcers and sores in the mouth. the bloody-flux
'
The leaves being bruised. :
80 THE COMPLETE HERBAL.
ur rather boiled and applied like a poultice {
be exceeding great, with many long twinrs
are excellent good to unite broken bones 5 or branches going from it, of a pale whitish
and strengthen joints that have been put
;
colour on the outside, and more white
out. The decoction of either leaves or t within, and of a sharp, bitter, loathsome
roots being drank, and the decoction of taste.
j

leaves applied to the place, is excellent \ Place.~\ grows on banks, or under

It

good for the king's evil that is broken and :

hedges, through this land the roots lie
;

runs ; for by the influence of the moon, :

very deep.
it revives the ends of the veins which are I
TimeJ] July and August,
It flowers in
relaxed. There is scarce a better remedy to some earlier, and some later than the other.
j

be applied to such places as are burnt with Government and -virtues^] They are furious
;'

fae than this is, for it fetches out the fire, martial plants. The root of Briony purges
!

and heals it without a scar. This is an the belly with great violence, troubling the
\

excellent remedy for such as are bursten, stomach and burning the liver, and there-
j

being either taken inwardly, or applied to fore not rashly to be taken but being cor-
j
;

the place. In like manner used, it helps rected, is very profitable for the diseases
;

thecramp and the gout. It is excellently |of the head, as falling sickness, giddiness,
good in hectic fevers, and restores radical i and swimmings, by drawing away much
moisture to such as are in consumptions, !
phlegm and rheumatic humours that op-
press the head, as also the joints and
BRIONY, OR WILD VINE. smews and is *u
i r j c i
therefore good for palsies,
;

IT is and Wood Vine, Tarnus,

called Wild, convulsions, cramps, and stitches in the
or Ladies' Seal. The white is
called White sides, and the dropsy, and for provoking
Vine by some and the black, Black Vine.
; : urine; it cleanses the reins and
kidneys
DescriptJ] The common White Briony |
from gravel and stone, by opening the ob-
grows ramping upon the hedges, sending j structions of the spleen, and consumes the
forth many long, rough, very tender :
hardness and swelling thereof. The de-
branches at the beginning, with many very i coction of the root in wine, drank once a
rough, and broad leaves thereon, cut (for j
week at going to bed, cleanses the mother,
the most form
part) into five partitions, in and helps the rising thereof, expels the
j

very like a vine leaf, but smaller, rough, and j

dead child a dram of the root in powder
;

of a whitish hoary green colour, spreading taken in white wine, brings down their
j

very far, spreading and twining with his courses. An electuary made of the roots
>

small claspers (that come forth at the joints and honey, doth mightily cleanse the chest
i

with the leaves) very far on whatsoever of rotten phlegm, and wonderfully help
;

stands next to it. At the joints any old strong cough, to those that are
several
also (especially towards the top of the troubled with shortness of breath, and is
\

branches) comes forth a long stalk bearing! good for them that are bruised inwardly, to
many whitish flowers together on a long? help to expel the clotted or congealed blood,
tuft, consisting of five small leaves a-piece, The leaves, fruit, and root do cleanse old
|

laid open like a star, after which come the and filthy sores, are good against all fret-
j

berries separated one from another, more ting and running cankers, grangrenes, and
;

than a cluster of grapes, green at the first, tetters, and therefore the berries are by
|

and very red when they are thorough ripe, some country people called tetter-berries.
:

of no good scent, but of a most loathsome The root cleanses the skin wonderfully
\

taste provokes vomit. The root grows to j from all black and bjue spots, freckles,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 31

morphew, leprosy, foul scars, or other de- provoke urine, and help to break the stone,
1

formity whatsoever ; also all running scabs and pass it away ; they procure women's
j

and manginess are healed by the powder of

>
courses, and expel the dead child. Being
the dried root, or the juice thereof, but
>
fried with butter and vinegar, and
applied
especially by
the fine white hardened juice. warm, it helps all manner of tumours, swel-
\

The distilled water of the root works the lings, and inflammations,
j

same effects, but moie weakly; the root j

Such drinks ought to be made of sundry
bruised and applied of itself to any place herbs, according to the malady.
\ I shall
where the bones are broken, helps to draw give a plain and easy rule at the latter end
j

them forth, as also splinters and thorns in \ of this book,

the flessh and being applied with a little
;
i ,

wine mixed therewith, it breaks boils, and {

helps whitlows on the joints. For

all these IT is called Ruscus, and Bruscus, Knee-
j

latter, beginning at sores, cancers, &c.| holm, Kneeholly, Kneehulver, and Petti-
it outwardly, mixing it with a little jgree.
apply
hog's grease, or other convenient ointment. 5
Descript.~\ The first shoots that sprout
As for the former diseases where il; must |
from the root of Butcher's Broom, are
be taken inwardly, it purges very violently, thick, whitish, and short, somewhat like
|

and needs an abler hand to correct it than those of Asparagus, but greater, they rise
j

most country people have. I up to be a foot and a half high, are spread
(inlo divers branches, green, and somewhat
BROOK LIME, OR WATER-PIMPERNEL. creassed with the roundness, tough and flex-
|

Descript.~\ THIS sends forth from alible, whereon are set somewhat broad and
creeping root that shoots forth strings at) almost round hard leaves and prickly,
every joint, as it runs, divers and sundry j pointed at the end, of a dark green colour,
green stalks, round and sappy Avith some two for the most part set at a place, very
j

branches on them, somewhat broad, round, I close and near together; about the middle
deep green, and thick leaves set by couples of the leaf, on the back and lower side
j

thereon ; from the bottom whereof shoot \ from the middle rib, breaks forth a small
forth long foot-stalks, with sundry small whitish green flower, consisting of four
blue flowers on them, that consist of five small round pointed leaves^? standing upon
small round pointed leaves a pice. little or no foot-stalk, and in the
place
There is another sort nothing different whereof comes a small round berry, green
from the former, but that it is greater, and at the first, and red when it is ripe, wherein
the flowers of a paler green colour. are two or three white, hard, round seeds
Placed] They grow in small standing contained. The root is thick, white and
j

waters, and usually near Water Cresses, I

great at the head, and from thence sends
Time.'] And flower in June and July, \ forth divers thick, white long, tough strings,
giving seed the next month after. ?
Place."] It grows in cdpses, and
upon
Government and virtues. ~\
It is a hot and heaths and waste grounds, and oftentimes
j

biting martial plant. Brook-lime and under or near the holly bushes.
|

Water-Cresses are generally used together | Time."] It shoots forth its young buds
in diet-drink, with other
things serving to
j
in the Spring, and the berries are ripe
purge the blood and body from all ill? about September, the branches of leaves
humours that would destroy health, and { abiding green all the Winter,
are helpful to the scurvy. They do all j Government and virtues.'] It is a plant of
32 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Mars, being of a gallant cleansing and j powder of the seed taken in drink,
or the
opening quality. The decoction of the ;
purges doAvnwards, and draws phlegmatic
root niad-e with wine opens obstructions, |
and watery humours from the joints, where-
provokes urine, helps to expel gravel and |
by it helps the dropsy, gout, sciatica, and
die stone, the stranguary and women's j pains of the hips and joints it also pro- ;

courses, also the yellow jaundice and the vokes strong vomits, and helps the
pain* of
;

head-ache And with some honey or sugar

;
j
the sides, and swelling of the
spleen,
cleanses also the reins or kidneys and blad-
put thereunto, cleanses the breast of phlegm, ;

and the chest of such clammy humours jder of the stone, provokes urine abundantly,
gathered therein. The decoction of the > and hinders the growing again of the stone
root drank, and a poultice made of the fin the body. The continual use of the
berries and leaves applied, are effectual in powder of the leaves and seed doth cure
j

knitting and consolidating broken bones or| the black jaundice. The distilled water of
parts out of joint.
The common way of
j
the flowers is
profitable for all the same
using it, is to boil the root of it, and Parsley purposes it also helps surfeits, and alters
|
:

and Fennel and Smallagein Avhitewine, and the fit of agues, if three or four ounces
|

drink the decoction, adding the like (man- j thereof, with as much of the water of the
tity of Grass-root
to them The more of lesser Centaury, and a little sugar put there-
:
|

the root you boil, the stronger will the de- in, be taken a little before the fit comes,
;

coction be ; it works no ill effects, yet I and the^ party be laid down to sweat in his
hope you have wit enough to give the bed. The oil or water that is drawn from
the end of the green sticks heated in the
strongest decoction to the strongest bodies.
fire, helps the tooth-ache. The Jmice of
BROOM, AND BROOM-RAPE. , e . .

young branches made into an ointment of

,

To spend time in writing a description j old hog's grease, and anointed, or the young
hereof is altogether needless, it being so branches bruised and heated in oil or hog's
j

generally used by all the good housewives j grease, and laid to the sides pained bv
almost through this land to sweep their j wind, as in stitches, or the spleen, ease
houses with, and therefore very well known them in once or twice using it. The same
to all sorts of people. I boiled in oil isthe safest and surest medicine
The Broom-rape springs up in
many j to kill lice in the head or body of any ;

places from the roots of the broom (but and is an especial remedy for joint aches,
\

more often in fields, as by hedge-sides and land swollen knees, that come by the falling
on heaths.) The stalk whereof is of the down of humours,
\

bigness
s of a finger or thumb, above two; ,,
/. i i
"-
v r
i .1, llM BROOM RAPE also ,
IS not Without ItS
feet high, having a shew of leaves on them,)
i
.

and many flowers at the top, of a reddish \

yellow colour, as also the stalks and leaves j THE decoction thereof in wine, is thought
are. 1 to be as effectual to void the stone in the
P/ace.] They grow in many places of j
kidney or bladder, and to provoke urine,
this land commonly, and as commonly j
as the Broom itself. The juice thereof is
spoil all the land they grow in. j
a singular good help to cure as well green
Time.~\ They flower in the Summer wounds, as old and filthy sores and malig-
J

months, and give their seed before "Winter. ! nant ulcers. The insolate oil, wherein theix-
Government and virtues^] The juice or \ has been three or four repetitions of infusion
decoction of the young branches, or seed, of the top stalks, with flowers strained and
\
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 38

cleared, cleanses the skin from all manner f stomachs that cannot retain, but cast up
ot spots, marks, and freckles that rise either their meat.>It stays all bleeding both at
by the heat of the sun, or the malignity of! mouth or nose ; bloody urine or the bloody-
humours. As for the Broom and Broom- 1 flux, and stops the lask of the belly and
rape, Mars owns them, and is exceeding pre-1 bowels. The leaves hereof bruised and
judicial to the liver; I suppose by reason I laid to their sides that have an ague, sud-
of the antipathy between Jupiter and Mars, denly eases the fit ; anr the leaves and roots 1

therefore if the liver be disaffected, minister applied to the wrists, works the same effects,
:

none of it.
|The herb boiled and wine, arid given in ale
for som e m m and evenings together,
BUCK'S-HORN PLANTAIN. j
the distillation
,

of hot and sharp

%
|
stays
Descnpt.] THIS being sown of seed, j
rheums falling into the eyes from the head,
rises up at first with small, and ?
sorts of sore
long, narrow, helps all eyes,
hairy, dark green leaves like grass, without j
any division or gash in them, but those that j BUCK'S HORN.
follow are gashed in on both sides the ., , u
-,-,

l 1S caHed Hart s-horn, Herba-stella, and

; -, -,

leaves into three or four gashes, and

pointed !
\
Sangumana Herb-Eve,
at the ends, resembling the
knags of a buck's j {H^ftft and Swine-Cresses
horn, (whereof k took its name) and beina \
well wound round about the root upon the 1
Herb-Ivy

W
ground, in order one by another, thereby ! there u on
Wort-Tresses,

^^'l.
have ma s

eak stra gg h "? branches ttrailing here and

P
,

the ground The leaves are

^
a11 and

:
^
Fesembling the form of a star, from among 'nan |
n ,
much unlike
which ris? up divers hairy stalks about a **&* V&&"*
/' of Buck s-horn Plantain but much
to those
hand's breath high, bearing every one a
smaller, and not so hairy. The flowers
small, long spiky head, like to t\J~
I. lon^ snikv head. lil-P those nf
of *h~
the
the leaves in
common Plantain, having such like bloom- grow among small, rough,
whitish clusters ; The seeds are smaller and
ings and seed after them. The root is
TO WJ of a bitter taste.
I brownish,
single, long and small, wkh divers *?
strings
Place.] in~|
They grow dry, barren, sandy
at jt

g ro " nds -

Place.-] They grow in sandy grounds, as \ Tm

in To hill fields by Westminster, and divers \ /i **
V?
and seed when the
other places of this land.
Time.-] They flower and seed in May,!
June, and July, and their green leaves do
in a manner abide fresh all the Winter.
!
rest of lhe Plantains d

untl
C
^
d mi ^^ d
t*'fO
n f S3
?
are he d to ** the same as Buck s-horn
!
Thl *

1 T ^^
also
the virtues
-

,
Plantain ' and therefore by all authors it is
Government and virtues.-} It is under the !
I^M r\c*r\ in l*nA \t^r\ iroo h\r*in c-c.H ^n^i o r
dominion ot Saturn, and is of a gallant, joined with it. The leaves bruised and ap-
j . .
/ O i
fr* i-f

to the place, stop bleeding. The

drying, and binding quality. This boiled plied
in wine and drank, and some of the leaves herbs bruised and applied to warts, will
ake them consume and waste in a short
put to the hurt place, is an excellent
time>
remedy for the biting of the viper or adder, \
which I take to be one and the same The
same being
:
|
BUGLE
also drank, helps those that are !

troubled with the stone in the veins or kid- ; BESIDES the name Bugle, it is called
neys, by cooling the heat of the part af- j
Middle Confound and Middle Comfrey,
flicled, and strengthens them ; also weak I Brown Bugle, and by some Sicklewort, and
$4 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Herb-Carpenter though in Essex we call for those that are liver-grown (as they ca,
*
;

another herb by that name. jit.) It is wonderful in

curing all manner o
Descript.] This has larger leaves than ulcers
;
and sores, whether new and fresh
those of the Self-heal, but else of the same {or old and inveterate; yea, gangrenes and
fashion, or rather longer in some green on
;
j
fistulas also, if the leaves bruised and
ap-
the upper side, and in others more brown- jplied, or their juice be used to wash and
ish, dented about, the edges, somewhat hairy, \
bathe the place, and the same made into a
as the square stalk is also which rises up to j lotion, and some honey and alum cures
be half a yard high sometimes, with the j
all sores in the mouth and gums, be they
leaves set by couples, from the middle never so foul, or of long continuance ana
j ;

almost, whereof upwards stand the flowers, works no less powerfully and effectually for
j

together with many smaller and browner such ulcers and sores as happen in the
5

leaves than the rest, on the stalk below set secret parts of men and women.
!
Being
at distance, and the stalk bare between \ also taken inwardly, or outwardly applied,
them ; among which flowers, are also small it helps those that have broken any bone,
5

ones of a blueish and sometimes of an ash or have any member out of joint. An
|

colour, fashioned like the flowers of Ground- ointment made with the leaves of Bugle,
i

ivy, after which come small, round blackish Scabions and Sanicle bruised and boileil
seeds. The root is composed of many in hog's grease, until the herbs be dry, and
j

strings, and spreads upon the ground. j

then strained forth into a pot for such
The white flowered Bugle differs not in occasions as shall require; it is so singularly
5

form or greatness from the former, saving | good for all sorts of hurts in the body, that
that the leaves and stalks are always green, none that know its usefulness will be with-
j

and never brown, like the other, and the out it.>

flowers thereof are white. j

The truth is, I have known this herb cure
PlaceJ] They grow inwoods, copses, some diseases of Saturn, of which 1 thought
\

and fields, generally throughout England, good to quote one. Many times such as
i

but the white flowered Bugle is not so j give themselves much to drinking are
plentiful as the former. troubled with strange fancies, strange sights
;

Time.'] They flower from May until July,

in the nighttime, and some with voices,
i

aiuu in the mean time perfect their seed. las also with the disease Ephialtes, or the
The roots and leaves next thereunto upon | Mare. I take the reason of this to be
the ground abiding all the Winter. (according to Fernelius) a melancholy
I

Government and virtues^ This herb be- vapour made thin by excessive drinking
j

longs to Dame Venus: If the virtues of it strong liquor, and so flies up and disturbs
[

make you fall in love with it (as they will | the fancy, and breeds imaginations like
if you be wise) keep a syrup of it to take; itself, viz. fearful and troublesome. Those
inwardly, an ointment and plaister of it 1 have
1 know cured by taking only two
to use outwardly, always by you. Ispoonfui. of the syrup of this
herb after
The decoction of the leaves and flowers \ supper two hours, when you go to bed.
made in wine, and taken, dissolves the con- But whether this does it by sympathy or
1

gea-ltd blood in those that are bruised in- j antipathy, is some doubt in astrology.
I

wardly by a fall, or otherwise is very know there is great antipathy between

\

effectual for any inward wounds, thursts, Saturn and Venus in matter of procreation ;
j
or stabs in the body or bowels ; and it is yea, such a one, that the barrenness of
5

< n especial help in all wound-drinks, and Saturn can be removed by none but Venus
5
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 35

2iius be repelled by none

nor the lust of Venus the bod} in health, and the spirits in vigour
7

but Saturn ; but I am not of opinion

opinion this for if the Sun be the preserver of life under
unde!
is done this way, and my reason is, because God,
i
his herbs are the best in the world to
these vapours though in quality melan-i do it by. They are accounted to be both of
choly, yet by their flying upward* seem to one property, but the lesser is more effectual
i

be something aerial; therefore I rather think I because quicker and more aromatic It :

it is done by antipathy Saturn

;
being is a friend
: to the heart, liver, and other
exalted in Libra, in the house of Venus. principal parts of a man's body.
\
Two or
three of the stalks, with leaves put into a
I

BURNET. | cup of wine, especially claret, are known

i to
quicken the spirits, refresh and cheer the
IT is called Sanguisorbia, Pimpinella, heart, and drive away melancholy
> : It is a

Bipulo, Solbegrella, &c. The common \ special help to defend the heart from noi-
garden Bin-net is so well known, that it; some vapours, and from infection of the
needs no description. There is another sort pestilence,
! the juice thereof being taken in
which is wild, the description whereof take some drink, and the party laid to sweat
;

as follows. | thereupon. They have also a drying and

Descript.] The great wild Burnet has an astringent quality, whereby they are
winged leaves arising from the roots like the j
available in all manner of fluxes of blood

garden Burnet, but not so many ;

yet each \ or humours, to staunch bleedings inward or
of these leaves are at the least twice as i outward, lasks, scourings, the bloody-flux,
large as the other, and nicked in the same j women's too abundant flux of courses, the
manner about the edges, of a greyish colour whites, and the choleric belchings and cast-
on the under side the stalks are greater, ings of the stomach, and is a singular
;
j

and rise higher, with many such leaves set wound-herb for all sorts of wounds, both
j

thereon, and greater heads at the top, of a I of tne head and body, either inward or out-
brownish colour, and out of them come I ward, for all old ulcers, running cankers,
small dark purple flowers, like the former, and most sores, to be used either by the
j

but greater. The root is black and long -juice or decoction of the herb, or by the
like the other, but great also it has almost
:
j powder of the herb or root, or the water of
neither scent nor taste therein, like the gar- the distilled herb or ointment by itself, or
j

den kind. I with other things to be kept. The seed is

Placed] It first
grows frequently in gar-
j
also no less effectual both to stop fluxes,
dens. The wild kind grows in divers and dry up moist sores, being taken in
!

counties of this land, especially in Hunting- powder inwardly in wine, or steeled water,
j

don, in Northamptonshire, in the meadows that is, wherein hot rods of steel have been
;

there : as also near London, by Pancras j quenched ; or the powder, or the seed
churrh,and by a causeway-side in the middle mixed with the ointments,
\

of afield by Paddington.
TimeJ] They flower about the end ofj THE BUTTER-BUR, OR PETASITIS.
June, and beginning of July, and their seed \

is
ripe in August. Descript.~] THIS rises up in February,
Government and virtues."] This is an herb with a thick stalk about a foot high, where-
\

the Sun challenges dominion over, and is on are set a few small leaves, or rather
|

a most precious herb, little inferior to pieces, and at the tops a long spiked head;
j

Betony the continual use of it preserves flowers of a blue or deep red colour, ac-
;
|
36 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
cording to the soil where
grows, and be- r
it

fore the stalk with the flowers have abiden

THE BURDOCK.
(
a month above ground, it will be witnered They are also called Personata, and
}
and gone, and blow away svith the wind, Loppy-major, great Burdock and Clod-bur,
j

and the leaves will begin to spring, which It is so well known, even by the little
j boys,
being full grown, are very large and broad, who pull off the burs to throw and stick
\

being somewhat thin and almost round, upon each other, that I shall spare to wiite
;

whose thick red foot stalks above a foot | any description of it.
long, stand towards the middle of the leaves. j PlaceJ] They grow plentifully by ditches
The lower part being divided into two round and water-sides, and by the
j highways al-
parts, close almost one to another, and are j most every where through this land.
of a pale green colour; and hairy under- Government and virtues.'] Venus chal-
neath. The root is long, and spreads under lenges this herb for her own, and
by its leat
ground, being in some places no bigger than or seed you may draw the womb which
ones finger, in others much bigger, blackish way you please, either upwards by
applying
on the outside, and whitish within, of a it to the crown of the head, in case it falls
bitter and unpleasant taste. out ; or downwards in fits of the mother,
Place and Time.'] They grow in low and by applying it to the soles of the feet ; or
wet grounds by rivers and water sides. if you would stay it in its place, apply it to
Their flower (as is said) rising and decaying the navel, and that is one good way to
j stay
in February and March, before their leaves, j
the child in it. The Burdock leaves are
which appear in April. :

cooling, moderately drying, and discussing

Government and virtues.^ It is under the withal, whereby it is good for old ulcers and
dominion of the Sun, and therefore is a sores. A dram of the roots taken with
great strengthener of the heart, and clearer Pine kernels, helps them that spit foul,
of the vital spirits. The
roots thereof are mattery, and bloody phlegm. The leaves
by long experience found to be very avail- applied to the places troubled with the
able against the plague and pestilential shrinkingof the si news or arteries, give much
fevers by provoking sweat if the powder
; ease. The juice of the leaves, or rather
thereof be taken in wine, it also resists the the roots themselves, given to drink with
!

force of any other poison. The root hereof i old wine, doth wonderfully help the biting
taken with Zedoary and Angelica, or without of any serpents And the root beaten with
\ :

them, helps the rising of the mother. The \ a little salt, and laid on the place, suddenly
decoction of the root in wine, is singularly eases the pain thereof, and helps those that
I

good for those that wheese much, or are \ are bit by a mad dog. The juice of the
short winded. It provokes urine also, and leaves being drank with honey, provokes
j
women's courses, and kills the flat and urine, and remedies the pain of the bladder.
broad worms in the belly. The powder of The seed being drank in wine forty days
the root doth wonderfully help to dry up together, doth wonderfully help the sciatica.
the moisture of the sores that are hard to be The leaves bruised with the white of an egg,
cured, and takes away all spots and and applied to any place burnt with fire,
blemishes of the skin. It were well if takes out the fire, gives sudden ease, and
gentlewomen would keep this root preserved, heals it up afterwards. The decoction of
to help their poor neighbours. It is
fit the
them fomented on any fretting sore or
rich should help the poor, for the poor cannot canker, stays the corroding quality, which
help fhemselves .
i
must be afterwards anointed with an oint-
 Burdoolt Butter-bur "Wall
Bug-loss

,<;/, .,:,

Bug-lr C a. m < > m i U C ar r a wav

Wild Carrol Celandine

rn.n.MAs [< K i.i A-. i. ON DON.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 37

ment made of the same liquor, hog's-grease, j

mended, being eaten before meat to keep
nitre, and vinegar boiled together. The j
one from surfeiting, as also from being
roots may be preserved with sugar, and j
drunk with too much wine, or quickly to
taken fasting, or at other times, for the same
j
make a man sober again that is drunk be-
purposes, and for consumptions, the stone, j
fore For (as they say) there is such an
and the lask. The seed is much commended j antipathy or enmity between the Vine and
to break the stone, and cause it to be ex- the Coleworts, that the one will die where
j

pelled by urine, and is often used with; the other grows. The decoction of Cole-
other seeds and things to that purpose. worts takes away the pain and ache, and
j

{allays
J the swellings of sores and gouty
S
CABBAGES AND COLEWOHTS. , 9 j
and knees, wherein many gross and
j legs
I SHALL spare labour in writing a des-j watery humours are fallen, the place
being
cription of these, since almost every one bathed therewith warm.
j
It helps also old
that can but write at all, may describe and filthy sores, being bathed therewith,
them from his own knowledge, they being and heals all small scabs, pushes, and
j

generally so well known, that descriptions whcals, that break out in the skin.
i The
are altogether needless. ashes of Colewort stalks mixed with old
|

Place .] They are generally planted in hog's grease, are very effectual to anoint
\

gardens. the sides of those that have had long pains

j

Time.~] Their flower time is towards the! therein, or

any other place pained with
middle, or end of July, and the seed is melancholy and windy humours. This was
j

ripe in August. j surely Chrysippus's God, and therefore he

Government and virtues^] The Cabbages wrote a whole volume on them and their
?

or Coleworts boiled gently in broth, and virtues, and that none of the least neither,
|

eaten, do open the body, but the second for he would be no small fool: He appro-
j
decoction doth bind the body. The juice \ priates them to every part of the body, and
thereof drank in wine, helps those that are to every disease in every
\ part ; and honest
bitten by an adder, and the decoction of the old Cato (they
\ say) used no other physic,
flowers brings down women's courses \ I know not what metal their bodies were
:

Being taken with honey, it recovers hoarse- made of; this I am sure, Cabbages are
:

ness, or loss of the voice. The often eating extremely windy, whether you take them as
of them well boiled, helps those that are meat or as medicine yea, as :
windy meat
entering into a consumption. The pulp of as can be eaten, unless you eat bag-pipes or
the middle ribs of Coleworts boiled in al- bellows, and they are but seldom eaten in
mond milk, and made up into an electuary j our days ; and Colewort flowers are some-
with honey, being taken often, is very pro-
thing more tolerable, and the wholesomer
\

fitable for those that are puffy and short food of the two.
! The Moon challenges the
winded. Being boiled twice, an old cock j dominion of this herb,
boiled in the broth and drank, it helps the !
pains, and the obstructions of the liver and
j

spleen, and the stone in the kidneys. The; Descript.~\ THIS has divers somewhat
juice boiled with honey, and dropped into! long and broad large and thick wrinkled
the corner of the eyes, clears the
sight, j leaves, somewhat crumpled about the edges,
by consuming any film or cloud beginning and growing each upon a thick footstalk,
?

to dim it; it also consumes the canker

{very brittle, of a greyish green colour,
growing therein. They are much com- j from among which rises up a strong thick
38 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
stalk, twofeet high, and belter, with some lands, and dry grounds in many aces of
leaves thereon to the top, where it branches this land.
forth much ; and on every branch stands a Time.'] They flower in July, and their
whitish flowers, consist- seed is ripe quickly after,
large bush of pale
1

ing of four leaves a-piece The root is

: Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of
t

somewhat grea^ shoots forth many branches Mercury, and a strong one too, therefore
under ground, keeping the leaves green all excellent good in all afflictions of the brain,
i

the winter. The decoction of the herb being drank,

Place .] They grow in many places upon brings down women's courses, and provokes
the sea-coasts, as well on the Kentish as urine. t
It is profitable for those that are
Essex shores as;at Lid in Kent, Colches- bursten, or troubled with convulsions or
;

ter in Essex, and divers other places, and cramps, with shortness of breath, or choleric
!

in other counties of this land. torments and pains in their bellies or

\

Time.'] They flower and seed about the stomach; it also helps the yellow-jaundice,
j

time that other kinds do. jand stays vomiting, being taken in wine.
Government and virtues.'] The Moon Taken with salt and honey, it kills all
|

claims the dominion of these also. The manner of worms in the body.
|
It helps
broth, or first decoction of the Sea Colewort, such as have the leprosy, either taken in
5

doth by the sharp, nitrous, and bitter qual- wardly, drinking whey after it, or the green
i

ities therein, open the belly, and purge the herb outwardly applied. It hinders con-
j

body; it cleanses and digests more power- ception in women, but either burned or
j

fully than the other kind The seed

: hereof! strewed in the chamber, it drives away
bruised and drank kills worms. The leaves venomous serpents.
j
It takes away black
or the juice of them applied to sores or and blue marks in the face, and makes
j

ulcers, cleanses and heals them, and dis- black scars become well coloured, if the
5

solves swellings, and takes away inflam- green herb (not the dry) be boiled in wine,
j

mations. and laid to the place, or the place washed

j

5
therewith. Being applied to the huckle-
CALAMINT, OR MOUNTAIN-MINT. i
bone, by continuance of lime, it spends the
j
humours, which cause the pain of the
Descript.~] THIS
a small herb, seldom i
is sciatica. The juice being dropped into
kills the worms in them.
rising above a foot high, with square hairy, Uhe ears, The
and woody stalks, and two small hoary leaves boiled in wine, and drank, provoke
5

leaves set <n a joint, about the height of sweat, and open obstructions of the liver
j

Marjoram, or not much bigger, a little den ted and spleen. It helps them that have a ler-
;

about the edges, and of a very fierce or tian ague (the body being first purged) by
5

quick scent, as the whole herb is The f taking away the cold fits. The decoction
:

flowers stand at several spaces of the stalks, hereof, with some sugar put thereto after-
i

frorn the middle almost upwards, which are | wards, is very profitable for those that be
small and gaping like to those of the Mints, troubled with the over-flowing of the gall,
\

of a pale bluish coloui After which follow j and that have an old cough, and that are
:

small, round blackish seed. The root is j scarce able to breathe by shortness of their
small and woody, with divers small strings wind; that have any cold distemper in their
spreading within the ground, and dies not j bowels, and are troubled with the hardness
but abides many years. or the spleen, for all which purposes, both

Place.'] It grows on heaths, and up- the powder, called Diacnluminthes. and the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 39

compound Syrup of Calamint are the most comfort both it and the brain.
j The oil
effectual. Let no woman be too busy with made of the flowers of Camomile, is much
>

it, for it works very violent upon the femi- used against all hard swellings, pains or
nine part. aches, shrinking of the sinews, or cramps,
01 pa'.ns in the joints, or any other
part of
CAMOMILE. I
the body. Being used in clysters, it
helps
to dissolve the wind and pains in the belly ;
IT is so well known every where, that it
j
anointed also, it helps stitches and pains in
is but lost time and labour to describe it. 1 the sides.
The virtues thereof are as follow. Nechessor sailh, the Egyptians dedicated
Adecoction made of Camomile, and j it to the Sun, because it cured agues, and
drank, takes away all pains and stitches in j they Avere like enough to doit, for they
the side. The flowers of Camomile beaten, were the arrantest apes in their religion
j
and made up into balls with Gill, drive away that I ever read of. Bachinus, Bena, and
;

all sorts of
agues, if the part grieved be j Lobel, commend the syrup made of the
anointed with that oil, taken from the i juice of it and sugar, taken inwardly, to be
floAvers, from the crown of the head to the | excellent for the spleen. Also this is cer-
sole of the foot, and afterwards laid to tain, that it most wonderfully breaks the
\

sweat in his bed, and that he sweats well. stone Some take it in syrup or decoction,
:

This is Nechessor, an Egyptian's, medicine. others inject the juice of it into the bladder
It is profitable for all sorts of
agues that with a syringe. My
opinion is, that the
corne either from phlegm, or melancholy, salt of it, taken half a dram in the morning
or from an inflammation of the bowels, in a little white or Rhenish wine, is better
being applied when the humours causing than either; that it is excellent for the stone,
them shall be concocted ; and there is appears in this which I have seen tried,
nothing more profitable to the sides and viz. That a stone that has been taken out
region of the liver and spleen than it. The of the body of a man being wrapped in
bathing with a decoction of Camomile Camomile, will in time dissolve, and in a
{

takes weariness, eases pains, to what

away j
little time too.
part of the body soever they be applied. I

It comforts the sinews that are over-strained, \

WATER-CALTROPS.
molifies all swellings : It moderately com- j

forts all parts that have need of warmth,

\
THEY are called also Tribulus Aquaticus,
digests and dissolves whatsoever has need Tribulus
\
Lacusoris, Tribulus, Marinus,
thereof, by a wonderful speedy property, j Caltrops, Saligos, Water Nuts, and Water
It eases all pains of the cholic and stone, 'I Chesnuts.
and all pains and torments of the belly, De-script.']
\ As for the greater sort of
and gently provokes urine. The flowers Water Caltrop it is not found here, or very
j

boiled in posset-drink provokes sweat, and | rarely. Two other sorts there are which
help to expel all colds, aches and pains I shall here
j
describe. The first has a long
whatsoever, and is an excellent help to \ creeping and jointed root, sending forth
bring down women's courses. Syrup made tufts at! each joint, from which joints rise
of the juice of Camomile, with the flowers i long flat, slender knotted stalks, even to
in white wine, is a
remedy against the the top of the water, divided towards the
j

jaundice and dropsy. The flowers boiled top into many branches, each carrying
j

in lye, are
good to wash the head, and two leaves on both sides, being about two
!

M
40 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
inches Jong, and half an inch broad, thin on the end unto the middle, making them
j

and almost transparent, they look as though seem to be two a-piece, smelling somewhat
i

they were torn the flowers are long, thick sweet, and each of them
;
standing in a
and whitish, set together almost like a large green striped hairy husk, large and
|

bunch of grapes, which being gone, there round below next to the stalk The seed is
I :

succeed, for the most part, sharp pointed! small and greyish in the hard heads thai
grains all together, containing a small white come up afterwards.
; The root is white and
kernel in them. : long, spreading divers fangs in the ground.
The second differs not much from this, |
The Red wild Campion grows in the same-
save that it delights in more clear water j manner as the White, but its leaves are not
;

Us stalks are not flat, but round its leaves; soplainlyribbed, somewhat shorter, rounder,
;

are not so long, but more pointed ; As for land more woolly in handling. The flowers
the place we need not determine, for their \ are of the same form and bigness but in ;

name shews they grow irt water. some of a pale, in others of a bright red
I

Government and virtues.'] They are under colour, cut in at the ends more finely, which
j

the dominion of the Moon, and being made j makes the leaves look more in number than
into a poultice, are excellently good for hot the other. The seeds and the roots are.
j

inflammations, swellings, cankers, sore alike, the roots

j of both sorts abiding many
mouths and throats, being washed with the
j years.

decoction ; it cleanses and strengthens the | There are forty-five kinds 01 Campion
neck and throat, and helps those swellings more, those of them which are of a phy-
{

which when people have, they say the jsical use, having the like virtues with those
almonds of their ears are fallen down. Il| above described, which I take to be the two
is excellently good for the rankness of the; chief kinds.

gums, a safe and present remedy for

thej Place.'] They grow commonly through
king's evil. excellent for the stone this land
They are :
by fields and hedge-sides, and
and gravel, especially the nuts, being dried, j ditches.
They also resist poison, and bitings of| TimeJ] They flower inSummer, some
venomous beasts. 5 earlier than others, and some abiding longer
}
than others.
CAMPION, WILD. Government and virtues.'] They belong
j
to Saturn, and it is found by experience,
Descript.~] THE
wild White Campion
j
that the decoction of the herb, either in
has many long and somewhat broad dark > white or red wine being drank, doth stay
green leaves lying upon the ground, and inward bleedings, and applied outwardly,
j

divers ribs therein, somewhat like plantain,' it does the like j

and being drank, helps ;

but somewhat hairy, broader, but not so .to expel urine, being stopped, and gravel
long: The hairy stalks rise up in the mid- and stone in the reins and kidneys. Two
j

die of them three or four feet high, and drams of the seed drank in wine, purges
\

sometimes more, with divers great white the body of choleric humours, and helps
!

joints at several places thereon,

and two those that are stung by scorpions, or other
5

such like leaves thereat up to the top, send- 1 venomous beasts, and may be as effectual
It is of very good use in
ing forth branches at several joints also for the plague.
:
\

All which bear on several foot-stalks white old sores, ulcers, cankers, fistulas, and the
!

flowers at the tops of them, consisting of pike, to cleanse and heat them, by con-
five broad pointed leaves, every one cut in suming the moist humours falling into
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 41

them and correcting the putrefaction of 5

humours offending them. CARROTS.

CARDUUS BENEDICTS.
IT is called Carduus Benedictus,or } that they need no description ; but because
Blessed Thistle, or Holy Thistle. I sup- they are of less physical use than the wild
j
the name was it by some kind (as indeed almost in all herbs the wild
pose put upon j

that had little holiness themselves. \ are

most effectual in physic, as being more
I shall spare a labour in writing a | powerful
in operation than the
garden
of this as almost every one that kinds,) I shall therefore briefly describe the
description j

can but write at all, may describe them ? Wild Carrot.

from hisown knowledge. Descript.'] It grows in a manner al-

Time.~\ They flower in August, and seed ?

together like the tame, but that the leaves
not long after. $
and stalks are somewhat whiter and rougher
Government and virtues. It is an herb of The
j
stalks bear large tufts of white flowers,

Mars, and under the sign Aries. Now, in j

with a deep purple spot in the middle,
handling this herb, I shall give you a j
which are contracted together when the
rational pattern of all the rest and if you
; j
seed begins to ripen, that the middle part
to view them throughout the book, \ being
hollow and low, and the outward
please
you shall, to your content, find it true. It \ stalk rising high, makes the whole umbel
helps swimming and giddiness of the head, j to show like
a bird's nest. The roots small,
or the disease called vertigo, because Aries { long, and hard, and unfit for meat, being
It is an excellent some\v hat
is in the house of Mars. 5
sharp and strong.
remedy against the yellow jaundice and ;
Place.~\ The wild kind grows in divers
other infirmities of the gall, because Mars! parts of this land plentifully by the field-
governs choler. It strengthens the attrac- sides, and untilled places.
!

live faculty in man, and clarifies the blood,

j
Time.'] They flower and seed in the end
because the one is ruled by Mars. The of Summer.
continual drinking the decoction of it, helps Government and virtues.^ Wild Carrots
red faces, tetters, a-nd ring-worms, because belong to Mercury, and therefore break
?

Mass causes them. It helps the plague, wind, and remove stitches in the sides, pro-
5

sores, boils, and itch, the bitings of mad jvoke urine and women's courses, and helps
dogs and venomous beasts, all which in- to break and expel the stone the seed also
i
;

firmities are under Mars; thus you see of the same works the like effect, and is
$

what it doth by sympathy. !

good for the dropsy, and those whose bellies
By antipathy to other planets it cures the i are swollen with wind; helps the cholic,
French pox. By antipathy to Venus, who the stone in the kidneys, and rising of the
j

governs it, it strengthens the memory, and mother being taken in wine, or boiled in
j
;

cures deafness by antipathy to Saturn, who wine, and taken, it helps conception.
j The
has his fall in Aries, which rules the head. leaves being applied with honey to running
j

It cures quartan agues, and other diseases sores or ulcers, do cleanse them,
j
of melancholy, and adust choler, by I suppose the seeds of them perform this
sym-j
pathy to Saturn, Mars being exalted in better than the roots and though Galen
;

Capricorn. Also provokes urine, the stopp- j

commended garden Carrots highly to break
ing of which is usually caused by Mars or {wind, yet experience teaches they breed it
the Moon. \ first,
and we may thank nature for expelling
42 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
not they the seeds of them expel wind
it, ;
people exceedingly, and they need not to
1

indeed, and so mend what the root marrs. I make a whole meal of them neither, and are

CARRAWAY ^5 ^
bc pl an t e(l m
ev ery garden.
Carraway comfits, once only dipped in
IT is on account of the seeds principally sugar, and half a spoonful of them eaten in
that the Carraway is cultivated. the morning fasting, and as many after ea ~
|

Descript] It bears divers stalks of fine meal, is a most admirable remedy, for those
I

cut leaves, lying upon the ground, some- j that are troubled with wind,
what like to the leaves of carrots, but not <

CELANDINE.
bushing so thick, of a little quick taste in;
them, from among which rises up a square !

Descript.~] THIS hath divers lender,

stalk, not so high as the Carrot, at whose round,:

whitish green stalks, with greater

joints are set the like leaves, but smaller! joints than ordinary in other herbs as it
and finer, and at the top small open tufts, \ were knees, very brittle and easy to break,
or umbels of white flowers, which turn into \ from whence grow branches with
large
small blackish seed, smaller than the; tender broad leaves, divided into many
Anniseed, and of a quicker and hotter parts, each of them cut in on the edges,
5

taste. The root is whitish, small and long, set at the joint on both sides of the
somewhat like unto a parsnip, but with branches, of a dark blueish green colour,
more wrinkled bark, and much less, of a on the upper side like Columbines, and of
little hot and
quick taste, and stronger a more pale blueish green underneath, full
!

than the parsnip, and abides after seed- of yellow sap, when any is broken, of a
;

time. i bitter taste,and strong scent. A i, the

Place] It is usually sown with us in i

flowers, of four leaves a-piece, after which

gardens. come small long pods, with blackish seed
Time.] They flower in June and July, therein. \ The root is somewhat great at the
and seed quickly after. head, shooting forth divers long roots and
;

Government and virtues] This is also a small strings, reddish on the outside, and
1

Mercurial plant. Carraway seed has a yellow within, full of yellow sap therein,
\

moderate sharp quality, whereby it breaks \ Place.] They grow in many places by
wind and provokes urine, which also the old walls, hedges and way-sides in unfilled
>

herb doth. The root is better food than* places; and being once planted in a garden,
the parsnip; it is pleasant and comfortable especially some shady places, it will remain
;

to the stomach, and helps The there.

digestion.
seed is conducing to all cold griefs of the Time] They flower all the Summer,
head and stomach, bowels, or mother, as and the seed ripens in the mean time,
5

also the wind in them, and helps to sharpen Government and virtues] This is an herb
|
the eye-sight. The powder of the seed put j of the S^n, and under the celestial Lion,
into a poultice, takes away black and blue and is one of the best cures f6r the eyes
\ ;

spots of blows and bruises. The herb it- for, all that know any thing in astrology,
\

self, or with some of the seed bruised and know that the eyes
1
are subject to the
fried, laid hot in a bag or double cloth, to luminaries: let it then be gathered when the
the lower parts of the belly, eases the pains Sun is in Leo, and the Moon in Aries,
of the wind cholic. applying to this time let Leo arise, then
;

The roots of Carraway eaten as men do j may you make into an oil or ointment,
parsnips, strengthen the stomach of ancient | which you please, to anoint your sore eyes
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
with : can prove it doth both my own
I not only good against the itch, but takes

experience, and
the experience of those to away all discolourings of the skin what-
whom I have taught it, that most desperate \
soever and if it chance that in a tender
:

sore eyes have been cured by this only \ body it causes any itchings or inflamma-
medicine and then, I pray, is not this far
; {
tipns, by bathing
the place with a little
better than endangering the eyes by the art vinegar it is
helped.
of the needle? For if this does not abso- Another ill-favoured trick have physicians
lutely take away the film,
it will so facilitate :jgot to use to the eye, and that is worse than
the work, that it might be done without the needle which is to take away the films
! ;

or root boiled in white \ by corroding or gnawing medicines.

danger. The herb That
Wine and drank, a few Anniseeds being I absolutely protest against,
:

boiled therewith, opens obstructions of the 1. Because the tunicles of the

t
eyes are
liver and gall, helps
the yellow jaundice ;! very thin, and therefore soon eaten asunder,
and often using it, helps the dropsy and the 2. The callus or film that
$ they would eat
itch, and chose who have old sores in their away,
is seldom of an
j equal thickness in
legs, or other parts of the body. The !
every place, and then the tunicle may be
taken held to be of! eaten asunder in one place, before the film
juice thereof
is
fasting,
' J ~ - "--- :

singularly good use against

the pestilence, ibe consumed in another, and so be a readier
The distilled water, with a little sugar and way to extinguish the sight than to restore
a little good treacle mixed therewith (the it. j
laid down to It is called Chelidonium, from the Greek
party upon the taking being |
sweat a little) has the same effect. The word Chelidon, which signifies a swallow
!
;

iuice dropped into the eyes, cleanses them because they say, that if you put out the
\

from films and cloudiness which darken the eyes of young swallows when they are in
I

best to allay the sharpness the nest, the old ones will recover their
sight, but it is !
eyes
of the iuice with a little breast milk. It is
j
again with this herb. This I am confident,
good in all old corroding -creeping
filthy j
for I havetried it, that if we mar the
very
ulcers wheresoever, to stay their malignity apple of their eyes with a needle, she will
j

of fretting and running, and to cause therm |

recover them again but whether with this
;

to heal more speedily: The juice often {

herb or not, I know not.
applied to tetters, ring-worms, or other such I Also I have read (and it seems to be
like spreading cankers, will quickly heal somewhat probable) that the herb, being
j

them, and rubbed often upon warts, will gathered as I shewed before, and the
take them away. The herb with the roots elements draw apart from it by art of the
!|

bruised and bathed with oil of camomile, alchymist, and after they are drawn apart
i|

and applied to the navel, takes away the j rectified, the earthly quality, still in rectify-
griping pains in the belly and bowels, and ing them, added to the Terra damnata (as
j

all the pains of the mother and applied to Alchy mists call it) or Terra Sacratissima (as
;
5

women's breasts, stays the overmuch flowing i some philosophers call it) the elements so
of the courses, "^he juice or decoction of {rectified are sufficient for the cure of all
the herb garglea between the teeth thatach, diseases, thehumoursoffendingbeingknown,
j

< ases the pain, and the powder of the dried and the contrary element given
{ It is an :

root laid upon any aching, hollow or loose experiment worth the trying, and can do
tooth, will cause it to fall out. The juice no harm.
mixed with some powder of brimstone is
N
44 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
THE LESSER CELANDINE, USUALL Y
KNOWN BY THE NAME OP PILE WORT
AND FOGWORT.
{
5
| J<

^ ern e ' s bJ the ears and throat, called the

,

tumours.
***> T *"* Other haF(1 WenS OF

Here s another secret for my countrymen

I WONDER what ailed the ancients to and women, a
\
couple of them together;
give this the name Celandine, which re-fPilewort made into an oil,
ointment, or
sembles itneither in nature nor form; cures both the
itjplaister, readily piles, or
acquired the name of Pilewort from its { haemorrhoids, and the king's evil: The
virtues, and it being no great matter where very herb borne about one's body next the
j
I set it down, so I set it down at all, I j skin
helps in such diseases, though it never
humoured Dr. Tradition so much, as to set touch the place grieved let
j poor people
;

him down here. make much of it for those uses ; with this
j
This Celandine or Pilewort 1 cured my own
daughter of the king's
5
Descript.~]
(which you please) doth spread many round j evil, broke the sore, drew out a quarter of
pale green leaves, set on weak and trailing j a pint of corruption, cured without any
branches which lie upon the ground, and scar at all in one week s time,
5

are flat, smooth, and somewhat shining, 5

and in some places (though seldom) marked j

THB ORDINA * Y SMALL CENTAURY.
with black spots, each standing on a long| Descript.~] THIS grows up most usually
foot-stalk, among which rise small yellow \ but with one round and somewhat crusted
flowers, consisting of nine or ten small nar- * stalk, about a foot high or better, branching
row leaves, upon slender foot-stalks, very \ forth at the top into many sprigs, and some
like unto Crowsfoot, whereunto the seed also from the joints of the stalks below ; the
also is not unlike being many small kernels flowers thus stand at the tops as it were in
like a grain of corn sometimes twice as one umbel or tuft, are of a pale red,
tending
long as others, of a whitish colour, with to carnation colour, consisting of five,
fibres at the end of them. ;
sometimes six small leaves, very like those
Placed] It grows for the most part in of St. John's Wort, opening themselves in
|

moist corners of fields and places that are the day time and closing at night, after
\

near water sides, yet will abide in drier which come seeds in little short husks, in
\

ground if they be but a little shady. form like unto wheat corn. The leaves are
j

Time.'] It flowers betimes, about March $

small and somewhat round ; the root small
or April, is quite gone by May ; so it can- and hard, perishing every year. The whole
not be found till it spring again. plant is of an exceeding bitter taste.
Government and virtues.] It is under the There is another sort in all things like the
dominion of Mars, and behold here another former, save only it bears white flowers.
verification of the learning of the ancients, I
Placed] They grow ordinarily in fields,
viz. that the virtue of an herb may be pastures,
i and woods, but that with the
known by its signature, as plainly appears white flowers not so frequently as the other
I

in this ; for if you dig up the root of it, \ Time.] They flower in July or there-
you shall perceive the perfect image of the abouts, and seed within a month after,
5

disease which they commonly call the piles. | Government and virtues.] They are under
It is certainby good experience, that the the dominion of the Sun, as appears in that
1

decoction of the leaves and roots wonder- their flowers open and shut as the Sun either
:

fully helps piles and haemorrhoids, also shews

or hides his face. This herb, ooiled
1
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 4o

and drank, choleric and gross ;

purges the government of the Sun ; yet this, if

humours, and helps the sciatica ; it opens j you observe it, you shall find an excellent
obstructions of the liver, gall, and speen, \ truth ; in diseases of the blood, use the red

helps the jaundice, and eases the pains in j Centaury if of choler, use the yellow ;
;

the sides and hardness of the spleen, used i

but if phlegm or water, you will find the
outwardly, and is given with very good i white best.
effect in agues. It helps those that have
THE CHERRY _ TREE .

the dropsy, or the green-sickness, being :

much used by the Italians in powder forj I SUPPOSE tnere are few but know this
that purpose. It kills the worms in the j tree, for its fruit's sake ; and therefore
belly, as is found by
experience. The spare writing a description thereof.
i I shall
decoction thereof, viz. the tops of the stalks, Place.']j
For the place of its growth, it
with the leaves and flowers, is good against Us afforded room in every orchard.
the cholic, and to bring down women's Government and virtues.'] It is a tree of
j

courses, helps to void the dead birth, and Venus. Cherries, as they are of different
t

eases pains of the mother, and is very ef- tastes, so they are of different qualities.
5

fectual in all old pains of the joints as the; The sweet pass through the stomach and
gout, cramps, or convulsions. A
dram of the belly more speedily, but are of little
{

the powder taken in wine, Ls a wonderful nourishment ; the tart or sour are more;

good help against the and poison of to an hot stomach, procure appe-
biting j pleasing
an adder. The juice of the herb with tite to meat, and help to cut tough phlegm,
\

a little honey put to it, is good to clear the j and gross humours ; but when these are
eyes from dimness, mists and clouds that; dried, they are more binding to the belly
offend or hinder sight. It is singularly than when they are fresh, being cooling in

good both for green and fresh wounds, as hot diseases, and welcome to the stomach,
also for old ulcers and sores, to close up the and provoke urine. The gum of the Cherry-
one and cleanse the othei, and perfectly to tree, dissolved in wine is good for a cold,
cure them both, although they are hollow cough, and hoarseness of the throat; mends
or fistulous; the green herb especially,
being the colour in the face, sharpens the eye-
bruised and laid thereto. The decoction; sight, provokes appetite, and helps to break
thereof dropped into the ears, cleanses! and expel the stone, and dissolved, the
them from worms, cleanses the foul ulcers water thereof is much used to break the
j
and spreading scabs of the head, and takes J stone, and to expel gravel and wind,
away all freckles, spots, and
marks in the! WTNTFR-CHFRRIES
I
'
I
*
ii
'1* 1* 1 l W * JY 1 JS *^/ ** J A < JBT
skin, being washed with it the herb is so
;
:

safe you cannot fail in the using of it, only Descript.'] \

THE Winter Cherry has a
jiving
it
inwardly for inward diseases. running or creeping root in the ground, of
It is very wholesome, but not very tooth- the
bigness many times of one's
little
i
finger,
some. in several
shooting forth at several joints
|

There beside these, another small places, whereby

is
|
it
quickly spreads a great
Centaury, which bears a yellow flower in ! compass of ground.
;
The stalk rises not
all other it is like the former, save above a yard high, whereon are set many
respects j
that the leaves are
larger, and of a darker j broad and long green leaves,
somewhat
green, and the stalks pass through the midst | like nightshades, but larger ; at the joints
of them, as it does in the herb Thorowan. whereof come forth whitish flowers made
j

They are all of them, as I told you, under ' of five leaves a piece, which afterwards
46 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
turn into green berries inclosed with thin many, both to ease the pains, and
to
| good
skins, which change to be reddish when \ expel urine and the stone, and to cause the
they grow ripe, the berry likewise being :
stone not to engender. The deception of
reddish, and as large as a cherry ;wherein j
the berries in wine and water is the most
are contained many flat and yellowish seeds usual way but the powder of them taken
;
j

lying within the pulp, which being gathered I in drink is more effectual,
and strung O up,7
are kept all the Jyear to bei
IT I" 1 TT 1? "P VT T
used upon occasion. 5

Place,'] They grow hot naturally in this i IT is called Cerefolium, Mirrhis, and
land, but are cherished in gardens for their I
Mirrha, Chervil, Sweet Chervil, and Sweet
virtues. Cicely.
j

Time.'] flower not until the middle

They ; Descript.'] The garden Chervil doth at
or end of July and the fruit is ripe
latter ;
; first somewhat resemble Parsley, but after it
about August, or the beginning of Sep- j
is better grown, the leaves are much cut in
tember. andjagged,resemblinghemlock,beingalittle
;

Government and virtues.] This also is a hairy and of a whitish green colour, some-
;

plant of Venus. They are of great use in times turning reddish in the Summer, with
\

physic: The leaves being cooling, may be; the stalks also; it rises a little above half
used in inflammations, but not opening as \ a foot high, bearing white flowers in spiked
the berries and fruit are ; which by draw- \ tufts, which turn into long and round seeds
ing down the urine provoke it to be voided pointed at the ends, and blackish when they
j

plentifully when it is
stopped or grown hot, are ripe; of a sweet taste, but no smell
\

sharp, and painful in the passage ;it is

though the herb itself smells reasonably
;

good also to expel the stone and gravel out well.: The root is small and long, and
of the reins, kidneys and bladder, helping perishes every year, and must be sown
j

to dissolve the stone, and voiding it by grit I

a-new in spring, for seed after July for
or gravel sent forth in the urine ; it also i Autumn fails.

helps much to cleanse inward imposthumes The wild Chervil grows two or three feet
\

or ulcers in the reins or bladder, or in those; high, with yellow stalks and joints, set with
that void a bloody or foul urine. The broader and more hairy leaves, divided
i

distilled water of the fYuit, or the leaves into sundry parts, nicked about the edges,
j

together with them, or the berries, green or j and of a

dark green colour, which likewise
dry, distilled with a little milk and drank! grow reddish with the stalks; at the tops
morning and evening with a little sugar, is whereof stand small white tufts, of flowers,
J

effectual to all the purposes before specified, afterwards smaller and longer seed.
J
The
and especially against the heat and sharp- [root is white, hard, and enduring long,
ness of the urine I shall only mention This has little or no scent,
;

one way, amongst many others, which; Place.~\ The first is sown in gardens for
might be used for ordering the berries, toiasallad herb; the second grows wild in
be helpful for the urine and the stone many of the meadows of this land, and by
; I

which is this Take three or four good the hedge sides, and on heaths,
:
j

handfuls of the berries, either green or} TimeJ] They flower and seed early, and
fresh, or dried, and having bruised them, thereupon are sown again in the end of
\

put them into so many gallons of beer or Summer. j

ale when it is new tunned up This drink,

: Government and virtues J] The garden
j

taken dailv has been found to do much Chervil being eaten, doth moderately warm
'
Chervil! Com fry Cleavers

Coltsfoot (' ra.~bsC laws

or Fresh wator Soldier

Columbine Shnil)
Costmary

THOMAS KELI.V. LONDON.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 47

the stomach, and is a certain remedy (saith j after-birth, procures an appetite to meat,
Tragus) to dissolve congealed or clotted land expels wind. The juice is good lo
blood in the body, or that which is clotted heal the ulcers of the head and face ; the
j

by bruises, falls, &c. The juice or distilled j candied root hereof are held as effectual as
water thereof being drank, and the bruised | Angelica, to preserve from infection in the
leaves laid to the place, being taken either time of a plague, and to warm and corn-
\

in meat or drink, it is good to help to pro- 1 fort a cold weak stomach. It is so harm-
voke urine, or expel the stone in the kid- j less, you cannot use it amiss,
neys, to send down women's courses, and! CHESNUT T
to help the pleurisy and pricking of the*
sides. IT were as needless to describe a tree so
The wild Chervil bruised and applied, commonly known as to tell a man he had
dissolves swellings inany part, or the gotten a mouth ; therefore lake the govern-
rnarks of congealed blood by bruises or iment and virtues of them thus :

? mi i i . i

blows, in a little space. The tree is abundantly under the do-

minion of Jupiter, and therefore the fruit
SWEET CHERVIL, OR SWEET CICELY.
fin ust needs breed good blood, and yield
Descnpt.~\ THIS grows very like the icommendable nourishment to the body;
great hemlock, having large spread
leaves \ yet if eaten over-much, they make the
cut into divers parts, but of a fresher green \ blood thick, procure head ache, and bind
colour than the Hemlock, tasting as sweet the body; the inner skin,
j
that covers the
as the Anniseed. The stalks rise up a yard nut, is of so binding a
I
quality, that a
high, or better, being creased or hollow, scruple
j
of it
being taken by a man, or ten
having leaves at the joints, but lesser ; and i
grains by a child, soon stops any flux what-
at the tops of the branched stalks, umbels soever
j
: The whole nut being dried and
or tufts of while flowers; after which comes beaten into powder, and a dram taken at
i

long crested black shining seed, pointed at a time, is a good remedy to stop the terms
both ends, tasting quick, yet sweet and Jin women. If you dry Chesnuts, (only the
pleasant. The root is
great and white, kernels I mean) both the barks being taken
j

growing deep in the ground, and spreading! away, beat them into powder, and make
sundry long branches therein, in taste and the powder up into an electuary with honey,
j

smell stronger than the leaves or seeds, and so have you an admirable remed}r for the
j

continuing many years. j cough

and spitting of blood.
Place.! This grows in gardens.
n j -j T mu 11 EARTH CHESNUTS.
Government ana vtrtttes.] Ihese are all;
three of them of the nature of Jupiter, and j
THEY are called Earth-nuts, Earlh
under his dominion. This whole plant, Chesnuts, Ground Nuts, Ciper-nuts, and in
;

besides its pleasantness in sallads, has its Sussex Pig-nuts.

; A description of them
physical virtue. The root boiled, and eaten were
\ needless, for every child knows then .

with oil and vinegar, (or without oil) do \

Government and virtues.~\ They are some-
much please and warm old and cold sto- thing hot and dry in quality, under the
j

machs oppressed with wind or phlegm, or dominion of Venus, they provoke lust
5

those that have ihe phthisic or consump- exceedingly, and stir up to those sports she
j

lion of the lungs. The same drank with Us mistress of; the seed is excellent good to
wine is a preservation from the plague. It provoke urine ; and so also is the root, but
\

provokes women's courses, and expels the it doth not perform it so forcibly as the seed
!

o
 48 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
doth. The root being dried and
beaten the swellings and ease the pain". It
;
helps
into powder, and the powder made into n the sinews when they are shrunk by
j cramps,
electuary, is as singular a remedy for spitting or otherwise, and to extend and make them
and pissing of blood, as the former Chesnut pliable again by this medicine. Boil a
;

was for coughs. handful of Chickweed, and a handful of

j

I red rose leaves

dried, in a quart of musca-
* J r , i . i i

dine, until
: a fourth part be consumed;

ig
the several kinds, since but only two or anoint the grieved place therewith, warm
i

three are considerable for their usefulness. the fire, rubbing it well with one
| against
Place. J They are usually found in moist; hand": and bind also some of the herb (if
and watery places, by wood sides, and else- you will) to the. place, and, with God's
5

where. blessing, it will help it in three times

!

TimeJ] They flower about June, and 1

dressing,
their seed is ripe in July.
n
Government
,
a/id virtues.]
-\ c -r.c.\
It is a fine soft!
CHICK-PEASE, Oil CICERS.

pleasing herb under the dominion of the J Descript.~\ THE garden sorts, whether
Moon. It is found to be effectual as red, black, or white, bring forth stalks a
|

Purslain to all the purposes whereunto it j yard long, whereon do grow many small
serves, except for meat only. The herb \ and almost round leaves, dented about the
bruised, or the juice applied (with cloths or edges, set on both sides of a middle rib
j
;

sponges dipped therein) to the region of the At the joints come forth one or two flowers,
-

liver, and as they dry, to have

fresh ap- it 5
upon sharp foot stalks, pease-fashion, either
plied, doth wonderfully temperate the heat j
white or whitish, or purplish red, lighter
of the liver, and is effectual for all impos-|or deeper, according as the pease that
thumes and swellings whatsoever, for all follow will be, that are contained in small,
j

redness in the face, wheals, pushes, itch, thick, and short pods, wherein lie one or
scabs; the juice either simply used, or two pease, more usually pointed at the
j

boiled with hog's grease and applied, helps lower end, and almost round at the head,
j

cramps, convulsions, and palsy. The juice, yet a little cornered or sharp; the root is
:

or distilled water, is of much good use for; small, and perishes yearly,
all heats and redness in the eyes, to Place and Time.^ They are sown in gar
drop $

some thereof into them; as also into the dens, or fields as pease, being sown later
j

ears, to ease pains in them and is of good than pease, and gathered at the same time
; ;

effect to ease pains from the heat and sharp- with them, or presently after,
1

ness of the blood in the piles, and generally Government and virtues^] They are both
\

all pains in the body fhat arise of heat. under the dominion of Venus. They are
It is used also in hot and virulent ulcers less windy than beans, but nourish more;
j

and sores in the privy parts of men and they provoke urine, and are thought to in-
\

women, or on the legs, or elsewhere. The crease sperm; they have a cleansing faculty,
:

leaves boiled with marsh-mallows, and whereby they break the stone in the kid
\

made into a poultice with fenugreek and neys. To drink the cream of them, being
i

linseed, applied to swellings or impos-j boiled in water, is the best way. It moves
thumes, ripen and break them, or assuage the belly downwards, provokes women's
>
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 49

courses and urine, increases both milk and of Jupiter, and therefore strengthens the
;

seed. One ounce of Cicers, two ounces of 'part of the body it rules; let Jupiter be
French barley, and a small handful of angular and strong when it is gathered,
j

Marsh-mallow roots, clean washed and cut, and if you give but a scruple (which is but
j

being boiled in the broth of a chicken, and twenty grains,) of it at a time, either in
j

four ounces taken in the morning, and white wine, or in white wine vinegar, you
;

tasting two hours after, is a good medicine; shall very seldom

miss the cure of an ague,
for a pain in the sides. The white Cicers | be it what ague soever, in three fits, as I
are used more for meat than medicine, yet |
have often proved to the admiration both
have the same effect, and are thought more : of myself and others ; let no man despise it
powerful to increase milk and seed. The because it is plain and easy, the ways of
;

wild Cicers are so much more powerful i God are all such. It is an especial herb
than the garden kinds, by how much they ; used in all inflammations and fevers, whether
exceed them in heat and dry ness ; whereby ! infectious or pestilential; or among other
they do more open obstructions, break the j
herbs to cool and temper the blood and
stone, and have all the properties of cutting, i humours in the body. As also for all lotions,
opening, digesting, and dissolving; and; gargles, infections, and the like, for sore
this more speedily and certainly than the j mouths, ulcers, cancers, fistulas, and other
former. $
corrupt, foul, or running sores. The juice
hereof drank, about four ounces at a time,
CINQUEFOTL, OR FIVE-LEAVED GRASS;
\
5
f . . ., .1
for certain days
J together,
s cures the quinsev
CALLED IN SOME COUNTIES, FIVE- ;
, j.
.
c,
*
.1.
,
~'

FINGERED GRASS.
i and '"yellow Jlaundice and taken for thirty
;
J
t
, M , ,
:
days together, cures the falling sickness,
DescriptJ] IT spreads and creeps far \ The roots boiled in milk, and drank, is a
upon the ground, Avith long slender strings j most effectual remedy for all fluxes in man
like strawberries, which take root again, J or woman, whether the white or red, as also
and shoot forth many leaves, made of five; the bloody flux. The roots boiled in vine-
parls, and sometimes of seven, dented about | gar, and the decoction thereof held in
the edges, and somewhat hard. The stalks; the mouth, eases the pains of the tooth-
are slender, leaning downwards and beanach. The juice or decoction taken with
many small yellow flowers thereon, with a little honey, helps the hoarseness of
!

some yellow threads in the middle, standing! the throat, and is very good for the cough
about a smooth green head, which, when it \ of the lungs. The distilled water of both
is
ripe, is a little rough, and contains small | roots and .leaves is also effectual to all the
brownish seeds. The root is of a blackish J purposes aforesaid ; and if the hands be
brown colours, as big as one's little finger, | often washed therein, and suffered at every
but growing long, with some threads thereat; time | to itself without wiping, it
dry in of
and by the small string it quickly spreads will a short time help the palsy, or
in
j

over the ground.

shaking in them.
I
The root boiled in
Place.~] grows by wood
It sides, hedge vinegar,
j helps all knots, kernels, hard
sides, the path-way in fields, and in the swellings, and lumps growing in any
j
borders and corners of them almost through of the flesh, being thereto applied
!
part ;

all this land. } as also inflammations, and St. An-

Time.'] It flowers in summer, somejthony's fire, all imposthumes, and pain-
sooner, some later,
jful sores with heat and putrefaction.
Government and virtues.'] This is an herb i the shingles also, and all other sorts of
50 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
running and foul scabs, sores and itch. has four square stalks, with broad, rough,
I

The same also boiled in wine, and

applied wrinkled, whitish, or hoary green leaves,
!

to any joint full of pain, ache, or the somewhat evenly cut in on the edges, and
gout j
in the hands or feet, or the hip gout, called of a strong sweet scent,
| growing some near
the Sciatica, and the decoction thereof the ground, and some by
\ couples upon
drank the while, doth cure them, and eases stalks. The flowers grow at certain dis-
I

much pain in the bowels. The roots are jtances, with two small leaves at the joints
likewise effectual to help ruptures or burst- under them, somewhat like unto the flowers
1

mgs, being used with other things available j of Sage, but smaller, and of a whitish blue
to that purpose, taken either
inwardly or colour. The seed is brownish, and some-
j

outwardly, or both ; as also bruises or j what flat, or not so round as the wild. The
hurts by blows, falls, or the like, and to roots are blackish, and spread not far, and
|

stay the bleeding of wounds in any parts perish after the seed time.
j
It is usually
inward or outward. sown, for it seldom rises of its own sowing
Some hold that one leaf cures a quo- P/oce.] This grows in gardens.
tidian, three a tertain, and four a quartan Time.'] It flowers in June and July,
ague, and a hundred to one if it be not some a little later than others, and their
j

Dioscorides ; for he is full of whimsies, is

ripe in August, or thereabouts.
jseed
The truth is, I never stood so much upon Government and virtues.'] It is under the
|

the number of the leaves, nor whether I dominion of the Moon. The seed put into
j

give it in powder or decoction: If Jupiter j the eyes clears them from motes, and such
were strong, and the Moon applying to like things gotten within the lids to offend
\

him, or his good aspect at the gathering, them, as also clears them from white and
\

I never knew it miss the desired effect. red spots on them.

J The mucilage of the
|
seed made with water, and applied to
tumours, or swellings, disperses and takes
\

CALLED also Rush Leeks, Chives, Civet, j

them away; as also draws forth splinters,
and Sweth. $ thorns, or other things gotten into the flesh.
Government and virtues.'] I confess I had 5 The leaves used with vinegar, either by
not added these, had it not been for a coun- 1 itself, or with a little honey, doth help boils,
try gentleman, who by a letter certified { felons, and the hot inflammation that are
me, that amongst other herbs, I had left gathered by their pains, if applied before
\

these out ; they are indeed a kind of leeks, it be grown too great.
\
The powder of the
hot and dry in the fourth degree as they dried root put into the nose, provokes
j

are, and so under the dominion of Mars sneezing, and thereby purges the head and
; ;

if they be eaten raw, (I do not mean raw, brain of much rheum and The
j corruption.
opposite to roasted or boiled, but raw, \ seed or leaves taken in wine, provokes to
opposite to chymical preparation) they send j venery.
It is of much use both for men
up very hurtful vapours to the brain, caus- and women that have
1
weak backs, and
ing troublesome sleep, and spoiling the helps
|
to strengthen the reins used eithei
:

eye-sight, yet of them prepared by the art j by itself,

or with other herbs conducing to
of the alchymist, may be made an excel- ithe same effect, and in tansies often. The
lent remedy for the

Descript.~] OUR
stoppage of

LARr, OB MORE PROPERLY CLEAR-EYE,

the urine,

ordinary garden Clary

j
fresh leaves

^ ^ ^ ^ ^^
dipped in a batter of
eggs, and a little milk, and fried in butter,
J

j
i
Jj ^ ^
flour

to any, but exceedingly profitable for those

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 61

that are troubled with weak backs, and the j safer, and easier remedy by a great deal,
effects thereof. The
juice of the herb put I than to tear it off with a needle,
into ale or bear, and drank, brings down :

women's courses, and expels the after-birth. \

IT aiso called Aperine, Goose-share,

is

WILD CLARY. ;
Goose-grass, and Cleavers.
Descript.~] The common Cleavers have
WILD Clary is most
blasphunously : divers very rough square stalks, not so big
called Christ's Eye, because it cures dis- as the top of a point, but rising up to be
j

eases of the eye. I could wish for my soul, j

two or three yards high sometimes, if it
blasphemy, igrionance, and tyranny, were; meet with any tall bushes or trees whereon

ceased among physicians, that theymay be mayitclimb, yet without any claspers, or
happy, and I joyful. else
I much lower, and lying on the ground,
is like the other but of joints, and at everj one of them
r
Descript.~] It Clary, full
:

lesser, with many stalks about a foot and shoots forth a branch, besides the leaves
j

a half high. The stalks are square, and thereat, which are usually six, set in a round
I

somewhat hairy; the flowers of a bluish | compass like a star, or a rowel of a spur:
colour ; He that knows the common Clary From between the leaves or the joints to-
J

cannot be ignorant of this. wards the tops of the branches, come forth
>

in na- very small white flowers, at every end,

7
Place.'] It grows common!} this
tion in barren places ; you may find it upon small thready foot-stalks, which after
|

plentifully, if you look in the fields near they have fallen, there do shew two small
Gray's Inn, and near Chelsea. j
round and rough seeds joined together.
Time."] They flower from the beginning : which, when they are ripe, grow hard
of June to the latter end of August. ; anc whitish, having a little hole on the
1

Government and virtues."]

It is something side, something like unto a navel.
i Both
hotter and drier than the garden Clary is, stalks, leaves, and seeds are so rough,
\

yet nevertheless under the dominion of the that they will cleave to any thing that will
i

Moon, as well as that; the seeds of it being touch them. The root is small and thready,
i

beat to powder, and drank with wine, is spreading much to the ground, but dies
j

an admirable help to provoke lust. A de- every year.

i

coction of the leaves being drank, warms Place.'] It grows by the hedge and ditch-
|

the stomach, and it is a wonder if it should sides in many places of this land, and is so
|

not, the stomach being under Cancer, the troublesome an inhabitant in gardens, that
S

house of the Moon. Also it helps diges- it ramps upon, and is ready to choak what-
i

lion, scatters congealed blood in any part ever grows near it.
;

of the body. The distilled water hereof! TimeJ] It flowers in June or July, and
cleanses the eyes of redness, waterishness, the seed is ripe and falls again in the end
j
and heat It is a gallant remedy for dim- of July or August, from whence it springs
: I

ness of sight, to take one of the seeds of it, up again, and not from the old roots,
|

and put into the eyes, and there iet it re- Government and virtues.] It is under the
main till it drops out of itself, (the pain dominion of the Moon. The juice of the
will be
nothing to speak on,) it will cleanse herb and the seed together taken m wine,
:

the eyes of all filthy and putrified matter; helps those bitten with an adder, by
!
pre-
and in often repeating it, will take off a -serving the heart from the venom. It is
film which covers the sight: a handsomer, familiarly taken in broth to
;
keep them lean
p
52 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and lank, that are apt to grow fat. The this land, both north and west, and fre-
i

distilled water drank twice a day, helps the quently by path-sides in the fields near
j

yellow jaundice, and the decoction of the about London, and within three or four
herb, in experience, is found to do the same, miles distant about it, yet it usually grows
J

and stays lasks and bloody-fluxes. The in or near ditches.

j

juice of the leaves, or they a little bruised, i

Time.~\ It flowers in June or July, and
and applied to any bleeding wounds, stays the seed is ripe soon after,
\

the bleeding. The juice also is very good Government and virtues.
|
It is under the ~\

to close up the lips of greed wounds, and dominion of the planet Saturn.
j
It is sin-
the powder of the dried herb strewed there- gularly effectual in all fresh and green
j

upon doth the same, and likewise helps wounds, and therefore bears not this name
5

old ulcers. Being boiled in hog's grease, for nought. And it is very available in
i

it
helps all sorts of hard swellings or ker- staunching of blood and to dry up the
1

nels in the throat, being anointed there- fluxes of humours in old fretting ulcers,
i

with. The juice dropped into the ears, $ cankers, &c. that hinder the healing of
fakes away the pain of them.
jthem.
It is a good remedy in the Spring, eaten |
A syrup made of the juice of it, is inferior

(being first chopped small, and boiled well) \

to none for inward wounds, ruptures of
in water-gruel, to cleanse the blood, and veins, bloody flux, vessels broken, spitting,
strengthen the liver, thereby to keep the urining, or vomiting blood Ruptures are :

body in health, and fitting it for that change j

excellent and speedily, even to admiration.
of season that is coming. cured by taking now and then a little of
the syrup, and applying an ointment or
CLOWNS WOOD ,
/ v*v u u *. 4.1 i AI -f
plaister or this herb to the place. Also, if
Descript^] IT grows up sometimes to any vein be swelled or muscle, apply a
5
,

two or three feet, high, but usually about plaister of this herb to it, and if you add
i

two feet, with square green rough stalks, a little Comfrey to it, it will not be amiss
j
but slender, joined somewhat far asunder, 1 assure thee the herb deserves commenda-
1

and two very long, somewhat narrow, dark tion, though it has gotten such a clownish
5

green leaves, bluntly dented about the name and whosoever reads this, (if he try
j ;

edges thereof, ending in along point. The; it, as I have done,) will commend it; only
flowers stand towards the tops, compassing take notice that it is of a dry earthy quality,
j
the stalks at the Jjoints with the leaves, and ,
HEAD, RED PITCHING, OR ME-
|
'. ?COCK S
end V1 j
i ,
-, '
likewise in a spiked top, having long
and much gaping hoods of a purplish red
mcK FETCH
\

colour, with whitish spots in them, standing i

DescriptJ] THIS has divers weak but
in somewhat round husks, wherein after- j rough half a yard long, leaning
stalks,
wards stand blackish round seeds. The \ downward,
set with winged leaves,
but
root is composed of many long strings, j longer
and more pointed than those of
with some tuberous long knobs growing Lintels, and whitish underneath
|
from the ;

among them, of a pale yellowish or whitish tops of

\ these stalks arise up other slender
colour, yet some times of the year these stalks, naked
i without leaves unto the tops,
knobby roots in many places are not seen j
where there grow many small flowers in
in this plant This plant smells somewhat
: manner of a spike, of a pale reddish colour,
strong. 1 with some blueness among them ; after
Place.] It grows in sundry counties of which rise up in their places, round, rough,
i
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 53

and somewhat flat heads. The root is|

tough, and
somewhat woody, yet lives and j
COLTSFOOT.
shoots a-new every year,
Place.]
It grows upon hedges, and
! CALLED also Coughwort, Foal's-foot,
sometimes in the open fields, in divers Horse-hoof, and Bull's-foot.
j

land. This shoots up a slender stalk,

places of this Descript.~]
all the months of with small yellowish floweis somewhat
Time.] They flower
\

July and August, and the seed ripen m |

earlier, which fall away quickly, and after
the mean while. 1 they are past, come up somewhat round
Government and virtues.'] It is under the leaves, sometimes dented about the edges,
j

dominion of Venus. It has power to rarity j much lesser, thicker, and greener than those
and digest, and therefore
5
the green leaves of butter-bur, Avith a little down or frieze
j

bruised and laid as a plaister, disperse over the green leaf on the upper side, which
|

knots, nodes, or kernels in the flesh ; and j may be rubbed away, and whitish or meally
if, when dry, it
be taken in wine, it helps underneath. The root is small and white,
j

the stranguary ; and being anointed with spreading much under ground, so that
*

oil, it provokes sweat. It is a singular food where it takes it will hardly be driven
{

for cattle, to cause them to give store of] away again, if any little piece be abid-
tnilk ; arid why then may it not do the like, ] ing therein; and from thence spring fresh
drink, for nurses, leaves.
being boiled in ordinary j
Place.l It grows as well in wet grounds
COLUMBINES. as in drier places,
THESE are so well known, growing
al-j Time.~\ And flowers in the end of
most in every garden, that I think I may I February, the leaves begin to appear in
save the expence of time in writing a de- ! March,
scription of them. Government and virtues. The plant is

Time.'] They flower in May, and abide: under Venus, the fresh leaves or juice, or
not for the most part when June is past, a syrup thereof is good for a hot dry cough,
perfecting their seed in the mean time. or wheezing, and shortness of breath. The
Government and virtues.] It is also an dry leaves are best for those that have thin
herb of Venus. The leaves of Columbines rheums and distillations upon their lungs,
\

are commonly used in lotions with good j causing a cough, for which also the dried
success for sore mouths and throats. Tra- j leaves taken as tobacco, or the root is very
gus saith, that a dram of the seed taken in {good. The distilled water hereof simply,
wine with a little saffron, opens obstruc- or with Elder flowers and Nightshade, is a
\

tions of the liver, and is good for the yellow singularly good remedy against all hotagues,
j

jaundice, if the party after the taking to drink two ounces at a time, and apply
thereof be laid to sweat well in bed. The cloths wet therein to the head and stomach,
j

seed also taken in wine causes a speedy which also does much good, being applied
j

delivery of women in childbirth : if one to any hot swellings and inflammations

* :

draught suffice not, let her drink the j It helps St. Anthony's fire, and burnings,
second, and it will be effectual : The* and is singularly good to take away wheals
Spaniards used to eat a piece of the root \
and small pushes that arise through heat ;

thereof in the morning fasting, many days j as also the burning beat of the piles, or
together, to help them when troubled with privy parts, cloths wet therein being fhere-
\

the stone in the reins or kidneys. unto applied.

|
54 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
MFREY \of the lungs, and causes the phlegm that
oppresses them to be easily spit forth It
I :

THIS is a very common but a very neg-| helps the defiuction of rheum from the
lected plant. It contains very great virtues. head upon the lungs, the fluxes of blood or
|

Descript.~\ The common Great Com- humours by i the belly, women's immoderate
leaves courses, as well the reds as the whites, and
frey has divers very large hairy green 5

on the ground, so hairy or prickly, the running of the reins, happening by what
lying ;

that if they touch any tender parts of the j cause soever. A

syrup made thereof is
hands, face, or body, it will cause it to itch;
very effectual for all those inward griefs
|

the stalks that rise from among them, being; and hurts, and the distilled water for the
two or three hollow and cornered,
feet high, ? same purpose also, and for outward wounds
is very hairy also, having many such like ; and sores in the fleshy or sinewy part of the
leaves as grow below, but less and less up j body whatsoever, as also to take away the
to the top: At the joints of the stalks it is j
fits of
agues, and to allay the sharpness of
divided into many branches, with some humours. A decoction of the leaves here-
leaves thereon, and at the ends stand many $
of is available to all the purposes, though
flowers in order one above another, which j not so effectual as the roots. The roots
are somewhat long and hollow like the j being outwardly applied, help freshwounds
or cuts immediately, being bruised and laid
olf a pale whitish colour,
finger of a glove, j

after which come small black seeds. Thethereto ; and is special good for ruptures
i

roots are great and long, spreading great and broken bones ; yea, it is said to be so
thick branches under ground, black on the powerful to consolidate and knit together,
outside, and whitish within, short and easy that if they be boiled with dissevered pieces
to break, and full of glutinous or clammy of flesh in a pot, it Avill join them together
j

juice, of little or
no taste at all. ?
good to be applied to women's
again. It is
There is another sort in all grow sore by the abundance
things like; breasts that
this, only somewhat less, and bears flowers of milk coming into them ; also to repress
|

of a pale purple colour. j

the over much bleeding of the haemorrhoids,
Place .] They grow by ditches and to }
cool the inflammation of the parts there-
water-sides, and in divers fields that arejabouts, and to give ease of pains. The
moist, for therein they chiefly delight to roots of Comffey taken fresh, beaten small,
;

grow. The first generally through all the j and spread upon leather, and laid upon
land, and the other but in some places. By j any place troubled with the gout, doth
the leave of my authors, I know the first j presently give ease of the pains ; and ap-
gjows in dry places. plied in the same manner, gives ease to
j

Time.'] They flower in June or July, pained joints, and profits very much for
j

and give their seed in August. running and moist ulcers, gangrenes, mor-
Government and virtues. This is an herb tifications, and the like, for which it hath
~\

of Saturn, and I suppose under the sign by often experience been found helpful.
Capricorn, cold, dry, and earthy
in quality.
CORALWORT.
What was spoken of Clown's Wound wort i

may be said of this. The Great Comfrey j IT is also called by some Toothwon,
or make and
helps those that spit blood, ajToolh Violet, Dog-Teeth Violet,
Dentaria.
bloody irine. The root boiled in water or
wine, and the decoction drank, helps allj Dtscript.'] Of the many sorts of this
inward hurts, bruises, wounds, and ulcers herb two of them may be found growing
]
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 55

in this nation ; the first of which shoots ! wounds, especially such as are made in the
forth one or two winged leaves, upon long |
breast or lungs, by taking a dram of the
brownish foot-stalks, which are doubled j powder of the root every morning in wine:
down at their coming out of the ground the same is excellently good for ruptures, as
first ;
j

when they are fully opened they consist also to stop fluxes an ointment made of it
|
;

of seven leaves, most commonly of a sad is exceedingly good for wounds and ulcers,
j

green colour, dented about the edges, set for it soon dries up the watery humours
\

on both sides the middle rib one against which hinder the cure,
!

another, a, the leaves of the ash tree; the STMAR QR AL

stalk bears no leaves on the lower half of I
{
HERB
it ; the
upper half bears sometimes three or j

four, each consisting of five leaves, some-| THIS is so frequently known to be an

times of three ; on the top stand four or inhabitant in almost every garden, that I
j

five flowers upon short foot-stalks, with suppose it needless to write a description
j

long husks the flowers are very like the thereof.

; j

flowers of Stockgilliflowers, of a pale Time.'] |

It flowers in June and July,

purplish colour, consisting of four leaves Government

\
and virtues.'] It is under the
a-piece, after which come small pods, which ^
dominion of Jupiter. The ordinary Cost-
contain the seed ; the root is very smooth, mary, as well as Maudlin, provokes urine
i

white and shining it does not

;
grow down- j abundantly, and moistens the hardness of
wards, but creeps along under the upper the mother it gently purges choler and
j
;

crust of the ground, and consists of divers phlegm, extenuating that which is gross,
j

small round knobs set together ; towards and cutting that which is tough and glu-
?

the top of the stalk there grows some single tinous, cleanses that which is foul, and
\

leaves, by each of which comes a small j hinders putrefaction and corruption ; it

cloven bulb, which when it is ripe, if it be I dissolves without attraction, opens obstruc-
set in the ground, it will grow to be a root, tions, and helps their evil effects, and it is a
i

As for the other Coral wort, which grows j wonderful help to all sorts of dry agues,
in this nation, it is more scarce than this, It is \ astringent to the stomach, and
being a very small plant, much like Crow- f strengthens the liver, and all the other in-
foot, therefore some think it to be one of? ward parts; and taken in whey works more
the sorts of Crowfoot. I know not where effectually. Taken fasting in the morning,
j

to direct you to it, therefore I shall forbear it is very profitable for pains in the head
j

the description. that are continual, and to stay, dry up, and
j

Place.'] The first grows in Mayfield in consume all thin rheums or distillations
I

Sussex, in a wood called Highread, and in from the head into the stomach, and helps
j

another wood there also, called Fox-holes. much to digest raw humours that are
!

Time.'] They flower from the latter end j gathered therein. It is very profitable for
of April to the middle of May, and before I those that are fallen into a continual evil
the middle of July they are gone, and not
j disposition of the whole body, called
to be found. \ Cachexia, but especially in the beginning
Government and virtues. It is under the j of the disease. It is an especial friend and
~\

dominion of the Moon. It cleanses the

j
help to evil, weak and cold livers. The
bladder, and provokes urine, expels gravel, ;
seed is familiarly given to children for the
and the stone ; it eases pains in the sides worms, and so is the infusion of the flowers
]
and bowels, is excellently good for inward | in white wine given them to the quantity of
Q
56 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
two ounces at a lime; it makes an excellent i and the worms, and being either drank 01
salve to cleanse and heal old ulcers, being injected, for the disease called Tenesmus,
j

boiled with oil of olive, and Adder's tongue j which is an often provocation to the stool
with it, and after it is strained, put a little j
without doing any thing. The green leaves
wax, rosin, and turpentine, to bring it to a |
bruised, and laid to any green wound, stays
convenient body. i

bleeding, and heals it up quickly.

tlie The
juice of the herb taken in wine and milk,
CUDWEED, OR COTTONWEED. J
\
. .

as lj liny saith, a
\ -p,,. ,

ps, sovereign remedy

BESIDES Cudweed and Cotton weed, it is !
against the mumps and quinsey ; and further
also Called Chaffweed, Dwarf Cotton, and ; saith,That whosoever shall so take it, shall
Petty Cotton. \
never be troubled with that disease again.
Descn'pf.l The common Cudweed rises i

COWSLIPS, OR PEAGLES.
up with one stalk sometimes, and some-!
times with two or three, thick set on all j BOTH
the wild and garden Cowslips are
sides with small, long and narrow whitish \ so well known, that I neither trouble my-
or woody leaves, from the middle of the self nor the reader with a
description of
stalk almost up to the top, with every leaf them.
stands small flowers of a dun or brownish Time.~\They flower in April and May.
yellow colour, or not so yellow as others ; 5 Government and virtues.] Venus lays
in which herbs, after the flowers are fallen, claim to this herb as her own, and it is
j

come small seed wrapped up, with the down \ under the sign Aries, and our city dames
>'"" well
know i11 ~r,,v, ^^ ;*.,,+ ^;=f;n^j
therein, and is carried away with the wind ;
.

enough the ointment or distilled

-

the root is small and thready. water of it adds beauty, or at least restores
There are other sorts hereof, which are it when it is lost. The flowers are held to
somewhat less than the former, not much be more effectual than the leaves, and the
different, save only that the stalks and roots of little use. An ointment being
leaves are shorter, so that the flowers are made with them, takes away spots and
wrinkles of the skin, sun-burning, and
paler and more open. I

Placed] They grow in dry, barren, sandy, {freckles,

and adds beauty exceedingly;
and gravelly grounds, in most places of they remedy all infirmities of the head
j

this land. coming of heat and wind, as vertigo, ephi-

i

TimeJ] They flower about July, some Suites, false apparitions, phrensies, falling-
earlier, some later, and their seed is ripe in sickness, palsies, convulsions, cramps, pains
I

the roots ease pains in the

in the jierves
August. 5 ;

Government and virtues.~] Venus is Lady \ back and bladder, and open the passages of
of it. The plants are all
astringent, bind- urine.
The leaves are good in wounds,
1

for and the flowers take away trembling.

ing, or drying, and therefore profitable
If
defluctions of rheum from the head, and to I the flowers be not well dried, and kept in
will soon putrefy and
stay fluxes of blood wheresoever, the de- a warm place, they \

coction being made into red wine and look green Hare a special eye over them,
$
:

drank, or the powder taken therein. It also If you let them see the Sun once a month,
{

the Sun nor them harm

helps the bloody-flux, and eases the tor- j it will do neither
inents that corne thereby, stays the immode-j Because they strengthen the brain and
rate courses of women, and is also good for j nerves, and remedy palsies, the Greeks
inward or outward wounds, hurts, and gave them the name Paralysis. The flowers
i

bruises, and helps children both of burstings preserved or conserved, and the quantity of
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 57

a nutmeg eaten every morning, is a sufficient low, after which comes small pods, which
j

dose for inward diseases but for wounds, contain the seed.
;

spots, wrinkles, and sunburnings,

an oint- Place.] It is a common herb, grows
j

ment is made of the leaves, and hog's usually by the way-side, and sometimes
j

grease. upon mud walls about London, but it

j

,
delights to grow most among stones and
\
CM\ A S ljA \V o I j
11*1
rubbish.
CALLED also Water Sengreen, Knight's Time.] It flowers|
in June and July,
Pond Water, Water House-leek, Pond and the seed is ripe
\ in August and Sep-
Weed, and Fresh-water Soldier. tember. ;

Descript.] It has sundry long narrow \

Government and virtues.'] It is a plant of
leaves, with sharp prickles on the edges of a hot and biting nature, under the dominion
them, also very sharp pointed ; the stalks of Mars. The seed of Black Cresses
which bear flowers, seldom grow so high as strengthens the brain exceedingly, being,
;

the leaves, bearing a forked head, like a in performing that office, little inferior to
Crab's Claw, out of which comes a white mustard seed, if at all ; they are excellently
flower, consisting of three leaves, with divers good to stay those rheums which may fall
yellowish hairy threads in the middle ; it down from tke head upon the lungs you ;

takes root in the mud at the bottom of the may beat the seed into powder, if you
j

water.
j please,
and make it up into an electuary
Placed] It grows plentifully in the fens * with
honey ; so you have an excellent
in Lincolnshire. remedy by you, not only for the premises,
Time,.'] It flowers in June, and usually but also for the cough, yellow jaundice and
from thence August.
till sciatica. This herb boiled into a poultice
Government and virtues^] It is a plant is an excellent remedy for inflammations,
j
under the dominion of Venus, and there- 1
both in women's breasts, and men's testicles,
fore a great strengthener of the reins ; it is !

excellently good for inflammation which is

j
commonly called St. Anthony's Fire; it: are of two kinds
Descript.] THESE
assuages inflammations, and swellings in ;
up The
with a round stalk about
first rises
wounds and an ointment made of it is
: i two feet high, spreads into divers branches,
excellently good to heal them there is
;
j
whose lower leaves are somewhat larger
scarcely a better remedy growing than this
j
than the upper, yet all of them cut or toin
is, for such as have bruised their kidneys, on the edges, somewhat like the garden
!

and upon that account discharge blood a ; I Cresses, but smaller, the flowers are small
dram of the powder of the herb taken j and white, growing at the tops of branches,
every morning, is a very good remedy to j where afterwards grow husks with small
stop the terms. \ brownish seeds therein very strong and
sharp in taste, imore than the Cresses of the
riljA^IvL'Jii^oolijlS. .1 -i
j i M i .

garden the root is long, white, and woody

|
;

Descript.~] IT has long leaves, deeply t The other has the lower leaves whole
cut and jagged on both sides, not much somewhat
long and broad, not torn at all,
unlike wild mustard ; the stalk small, very but only somewhat deeply dented about
limber, though very tough : you may twist the edges towards the ends
\
but those that ;

them round as you may a willow before they | grow up higher are smaller, The flowers
break. The flowers are very small and yel- \ and seeds are like the former, and so is the
58 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
root likewise, and both root and seeds as | Place.'] They grow, most part,
for the
'in small
sharp as it.
standing waters, yet sometimes in
PlaceJ] They grow in the way-sides in small rivulets of running water,
\

untilled places, and by the sides of old j Time.] They flower and seed in the
walls. beginning of Summer.
|

TimeJ] They flower in the end of June, \

Government and virtues. It is an herb
and their seed is ripe in July. under the dominion of the Moon. Thev
I

Government and virtues^] It is a Saturnine are more powerful against the scurvy, and
{

plant. The leaves, but especially the root, to cleanse the blood and humours, than
j

taken fresh in Summer-time, beaten or made Brooklime is, and serve in all the other
\

into a poultice or salve with old hog's grease, uses in which Brooklime is available, as to
j

and applied to the places pained with the break the stone, and provoke urine and
j

sciatica, to continue thereon four hours if it women's courses.

|
The decoction thereof
oe on a man, and two hours on a woman ; jcleanses ulcers, by washing them therewith,
the place afterwards bathed with wine and
jThe leaves bruised, or the juice, is good, to
oil mixed together, and then wrapped with! be applied to the fare or other parts troubled
wool or skins, after they have sweat a little, with freckles, pimples, spots, or the like, at
j

will assuredly cure not only the same dis- night, and washed away in the
1 morning
ease in hips, knuckle-bone, or other of the $The juice mixed with vinegar, and the fore
joints,
as gout in the hands or feet, but all part of the head bathed therewith, is very
|

other old griefs of the head, (as inveterate \

good for those that are dull and drowsy, or
rheums,) and other parts of the body that \
have the lethargy.
are hard to be cured. And if of the former Water-cress pottage is a good remedy to
griefs any parts remain, the same medicine cleanse the blood in the spring, and help
after twenty days, is to be applied again, headaches, and consume the gross humours
The same is also effectual in the diseases | winter has left behind; those that would
of the spleen ; and applied to the skin, |
live in health, may use it if they please ;
takes away the blemish thereof, whether if they will not, I cannot If any
1
help it.
they be scars, leprosy, scabs, or scurf, j fancy
not pottage, they may eat the herb as
which although it ulcerate the part, yet that j
a sallad.
is to be helped afterwards with a salve made
/ .-i i* T-, .1 .1
j
CROSSWORT.
of oil and wax. Esteem this as another
secret. THIS herb receives its name from the
! situation of its leaves.

,j Descript.-] Common Crosswort grows

Descnpt.'] OUR ordinary Water Cresses up with square hairy brown
|
stalks a little

spread forth with many weak, hollow, sappy above a foot high, having four small broad
j

stalks, shooting out fibres at the joints, and 1 and pointed, hairy, yet smooth thin leaves,
upwards long winged leaves made of sundry } growing at every joint, each against other
broad sappy almost round leaves, of a |
one way, which has caused the name-
brownish colour. The flowers are many I Towards the tops of the stalks at the joints,
and white, standing on long foot-stalks, t with the leaves in three or four rows down-
after which come small yellow seed, con- 1 wards, stand small, pale yellow flowers,
tained in small long pods like horns. The ;
after which come small blackish round
whole plant abides green in the winter, and seeds, four for the most part, set in every
:

tastes somewhat hot and sharp. husk. The root is very small, and full of
 P1.ATF. 6.

Crowfoot < "n r/kow Point "Water Crt

e ed Cr osswort Dill

D andelion Devils Bit

THOMAS KET.LV. LONDON 1(

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 69

fibres, or threads, taking good hold of the I patience of Socrates himself, but because
"round, and spreading with the branches I have not yet attained to the spirit or
:

over a great deal of ground, which perish Socrates, I shall but describe the most
;

not in winter, although the leaves die every j usual,

year, and spring again anew. i
Descript] The most common Crowfoot
It in
many moist grounds, has many thin great leaves, cut into divers
Place.'] grows 5

as well meadows as untilled places, about \ parts,

in taste biting and
sharp, biting and
London, in Hampstead church-yard, at
;
blistering the tongue: It bears many
Wye Kent,
in and sundry other places. \ flowers, and those of a bright, resplendent,
Time.] It flowers from May all the Sum-j
yellow colour. I do not remember, that I
mer long, in one place or other, as they are ;
ever saw any thing yellower. Virgins, in
more open to the sun ; the seed ripens soon ancient time, used to make powder of them
<

after. ? to furrow bride beds; after which flowers

Government and virtues.] It is under the come small heads, some spiked and rugged
\

dominion of Saturn. This is a singularly like a Pine- Apple.

good wound herb, and is used inwardly, Place] They grow very common every
not only to stay bleeding of wounds, but to where ; unless you turn your head into a
consolidate them, as it doth outwardly any hedge, you cannot but see them as you
$

wound, whichitquickly solders up, and walk 5

freen
eals. The decoction of the herb in wine, Time."]
j They flower in May and June,
the out of the even
helps to expectorate
till
phlegm j
September.
chest, and is
good for obstructions in the Government
; and virtues."] This fiery and
breast, stomach, or bowels, and helps a hot-spirited
f
herb of Mars is no way fit to
It is also good to wash be given inwardly, but an ointment of the
decayed appetite. j

any wound or sore with, to cleanse and heal leaves or flowers will draw a blister, and
j

it. The herb bruised, and then boiled, may be so fitly applied to the nape of the
;

applied outwardly for certain days together, neck to draAV back rheum from the eyes,
j

renewing it often and in the mean times The herb being bruised and mixed with a
:

the decoction of the herb in wine, taken: little mustard, draws a blister as well, and
inwardly every day, doth certainly cure the as perfectly as Cantharides, and with far
*

rupture in any, so as it be not too invete- less danger to the vessels of urine, which
\

rate ; but very speedily, if it be fresh and Cantharides naturally delight to wrong :

I knew the herb once

lately taken. applied to a pesti-
lential rising that was fallen down, and it
CROWFOOT
saved life even beyond hope it were good
\ ;

MANY are the names this furious biting to keep an ointment and plaister of it, if it
I

herb has obtained, almost enough to make* were but for that,
up a Welshman's pedigree, if he fetch no* CUCKOW-POINT.
farther than John of Gaunt, or William the)
Conqueror; for it is called FrogVfoot, from IT is called Aron, Janus, Barba-aron,
|

the Greek name Barrakion :

Crowfoot, Calve's-foot, Ramp, Starchwort, Cuckow-
i

Gold Knobs, Gold Cups, King's Knob, point, and Wake Robin.
5

Baffiners, Troilflowers, Polts, Locket Gou-j Descript] This shoots forth three, four,
tions, and Butterflowers. or five leaves at the most, from one root,
\

Abundance are the sorts of this hero, every one whereof is somewhat large and
j

that to describe them all, would tire the pong, broad at the bottom next the stalk.
CO THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and forked, but ending in a point, without Spring, and continue but until the middle
$

a cut on the edge, of a full green colour, ) of Summer, or somewhat later ; their husks
each standing upon a thick round stalk, of appearing before the fall away, and their
?

a hand-breadth long, ormore, amongwhich, fruit shewing in April,

after two or three months that they begin to ) Government and virtues.] It is under the
wither, rises a
up bare, round, whitish green|
dominion of Mars. Tragus reports, that
stalk, spotted and streaked with purple, a dram weight, or more, if need be, of the
\

somewhat higher than the leaves At the \ spotted Wake Robin, either fresh and
:

top whereof stands a long hollow husk | green, or dried, having been eaten and taken,
close at the bottom, but open from the is a present and sure
;
remedy for poison and
middle upwards, ending in a point in the the plague. The juice of the herb taken to
:
j

middle whereof stands the small long pestle the quantity of a spoonful has the same
or clapper, smaller at the bottom than at \ effect. But if there be a little vinegar
the top, of a dark purple colour, as the husk added thereto, as well as to the root afore-
j

is on the inside, though green without ; j said, it somewhat allays the sharp biting
which, after it hath so abided for some time, taste thereof upon the tongue. The green
j

the husk with the clapper decays, and the leaves bruised, and laid upon any boil or
\

foot or bottom thereof grows to be a small plague sore, doth wonderfully help to draw
;

long bunch of berries, green at the first, forth the poison

i : A dram of the powder of
and of a yellowish red colour when they the dried root taken with twice so much
;

are ripe, of the bigness of a hazel-nut ker- sugar in the form of a licking electuary, or
1

nel, which abides thereon almost until the green root, doth wonderfully help those
j

Winter; the root is round, and somewhat that are pursy and short-winded, as also those
5

long, for the most part lying along, the that have a cough ; it breaks, digests, and
leaves shooting forth at the largest end, rids away phlegm from the stomach,
!

which, when it bears its berries, are some- chest, and lungs. The milk wherein the
\

what wrinkled and loose, another growing root has been boiled is effectual also for the
|

under it, which is solid and firm, with many same purpose. The said powder taken in
j

small threads hanging thereat. The whole wine or other drink, or the juice of the
j

plant is of a very sharp biting taste, prick- berries, or the powder of them, or the wine
ing the tongue as nettles do the hands, and wherein they have been boiled, provokes
i

so abides for a great while without altera- urine, and brings down women's courses
i

tion. The root thereof was anciently used j and purges them effectually after child-
instead of starch to starch linen with. \
bearing, to bring away the after-birth.
There is another sort of Cuckow-point, j Taken with sheep's milk, it heals the inward
with less leaves than the former, and some ulcers of the bowels. The distilled water
\

times harder, having blackish spots upon thereof is effectual to all the purposes afore-
I

them, which for the most part abide longer said. A spoonful taken at a time heals
1

green in Summer than the former, and the itch ; an ounce or more taken a time
\

both leaves and roots are more sharp and \ for some days together, doth help the rup-
fierce than it: In all things else it is like the ture The leaves either green or dry, or the
{
:

former. \ juice of them, doth cleanse all manner of

Place.~] These two sorts grow frequently rotten and filthy ulcers, in what part of the
j

almost under every hedge-side in many body soever ; and heals the stinking sores
j

places of this land., \

in the nose, called Polypus. The water
Time.'] They shoot forth leaves in the j wherein the root has been boiled, dropped
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 6T

into the eyes, cleanses them from any film the bladder growing, than Cucumbers are
or skin, cloud or mists, which begin to The usual course is, to use the seeds in
hinder the sight, and helps the watering emulsions, as they make almond milk but ;

and redness of them, or when, by some a far belter way (in my opinion) is this

chance, they become black and blue. The When the season of the year is, Take the
root mixed with bean-flour, and applied to Cucumbers and bruise them well, and distil
the throat or jaws that are inflamed, helps the water from them, and let such as are
them. The juice of the berries boiled in troubled with ulcers in the bladder drink
oil of roses, or beaten into powder mixed no other drink. The face being washed
with the oil, and dropped into the ears, \ with the same water, cures the reddest
eases pains in them. The berries or the face that is it is also excellently good for
I
;

roots beaten with the hot ox-dung, and sun-burning, freckles, and morphcw.
*

applied, eases the pains

of the gout. The
j DAISIES
leaves and roots boiled in wine with a little $

oil, and applied to the piles, or the falling j

THESE are so well known almost to every
down of the fundament, eases them, and so I child, that Isuppose it needless to write
doth sitting over the hot fumes thereof. The ! any description of them. Take theiefore
fresh roots bruised and distilled with a little j
the virtues of them as follows.
milk, yields a most sovereign water to Government and virtues.] The herb is
cleanse the skin from scurf, freckles, spots, i undei the sign Cancer, and under the
or blemishes whatsoever therein. i dominion of Venus,andthereforeexcellently
for wounds in the breast, and very
Authors have left large commendations good j

of this herb you see, but for my part, I have fitting to be kept both in oils, ointments,
j

neither spoken with Dr. Reason nor Dr. and plaisters, as also in syrup. The greater
j

wild Daisy is a wound herb of good res-

Experience about it. |

pect, often used in those drinks or salves

!

I that are for wounds, either inward or out-

Gwernment and virtues^] THERE is no j ward. The juice or distilled water of these,
dispute to be made, but that they are under or the small Daisy, doth much temper the
!

the dominion of the Moon, though they are heat of choler, and refresh the liver, and the
\

so much cried out against for their coldness, other inward parts.
j
A decoction made of
and if they were but one degree colder they j them and drank, helps to cure the wounds
would be poison. The best of Galenists made in the hollowness of the breast. The
!

hold them to be cold and moist in the j same also cures all ulcers and pustules in
second degree, and then not so hot as either the mouth or tongue, or in the secret parts,
j

lettuce or purslain : They are excellently ;

The leaves bruised and applied to the pri-
good for a hot stomach, and hot liver ; the j
vities,or toany other parts thatareswolh and
immeasurable use of them fills the body | hot, doth dissolve it, and temper the heat,
full of raw humours, and so indeed the un- A decoction made thereof, of Wallwort and
{

measurable use of any thing else doth harm. Agrimony, and the places fomented and
j

The face being washed with their juice, bathed therewith warm, gives great ease to
\

cleanses the skin, and is excellently good for them that are troubled with the palsy,
|
hot rheums in the eyes the seed is excel- sciatica, or the gout. The same also dis-
;
j

lently good to provoke urine, and cleanses perses and dissolves the knots or kernels
the passages thereof when they are stopped ; that grow in the flesh of any part of the
|
there is not a better remedy for ulcers in *
body, and bruises and hurts that come of
02 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
falls and blows; they are also used for rup- j dominion of Jupiter. It is of an opening
tures, and other inward burnings, with and cleansing quality, and therefore very
;

very good success. An ointment made effectual for the obstructions of the liver
j

thereof doth wonderfully help all wounds gall and spleen, and the diseases that arise
|

that have inflammations about them, or by from them, as the jaundice and hypocon-
j

reason of moist humours having access unto driac it opens the passages of the urine
I ;

hem, are kept long from healing, and such both in young and old powerfully cleanses
j
;

are those, for the most part, that happen to imposthumes and inward ulcers in the
j

joints of the arms or legs. The juice of urinary passage, and by its drying and
j

them dropped into the running eyes *t' any, temperate quality doth afterwards heal
j
doth much help them. I them for which purpose the decoction of
;

the roots or leaves in white wine, or the

DANDELION, VULGARLY CALLED
I
PISS- ! , , ,
.?
leaves chopped as pot-herbs, with a few

I
Alisanders, and boiled in their broth, are
Descript.~\ IT is well known
have very effectual. And whoever is drawing
j
to

many long and deep gashed leaves, lying towards a consumption or an evil disposi-
j

on the ground round about the head of the tion of the whole body, called Cachexia,
I

roots the ends of each gash or jag, on by the use hereof for some time together,
;
j

both sides looking downwards towards the shall find a wonderful help. It helps also
;

roots the middle rib being white, which to procure rest and sleep to bodies dis-
; \

being broken, yields abundance of bitter tempered by the heat of ague fits, or other-
\

milk, but the root much more; from among wise The distilled water is effectual to
\ :

the leaves, which always abide green, arise? drink in pestilential fevers, and to wash the
many slender, weak, naked foot-stalks, sores. >

every one of them bearing at the top one You see here what virtues this common
|

large yellow flower, consisting of many herb hath, and that is the reason the French
rows of yellow leaves, broad at the points, and Dutch so often eat them in the Spring;
and nicked in with deep spots of yellow in and now if you look a little farther, you
\

the middle, which growing ripe, the green may see plainly without a pair of spec-
!

husk wherein the flowers stood turns itself tacles, that foreign physicians are not so
j
down to the stalk, and the head of down j selfish as ours are, but more communicative
becomes as round as a ball with long of the virtues of plants to people,
: !

seed underneath, bearing a part of the |

down on the head of every one, which j DARNEL.

together is blown away with the wind, or 5

may be at once blown away with one's j IT is called Jam and Wray ; in Sussex
mouth. The root growing downwards they call it Crop, it being a pestilent enemy
}

exceedingly deep, which being broken off! among corn.

within the ground, will yet shoot forth again, | DescriptJ] This has all the wmter long,
and will hardly be destroyed where it hath sundry long, flat, and rough leaves, which,
j

once taken deep root in the ground. $when the stalk rises, which is slender and
Place.~] It grows frequently in all
mea-j jointed, are narrower, but rough still; on
dows and pasture-grounds. the top grows a long spike, composed of
j

Time.~\ It flowers in one place or other many heads set one above another, con-
almost all the year long. i taining two or three husks, with a sharp
Government and i'rfr/es.] It is under the but short
j
beard of awns at the end ; the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGEL 63

seed is easily shaken out of the

ear, the Placed] It is most usually sown in gar-
I

nusk itself being somewhat rough. dens and grounds for the purpose, and is
Place.] Thu country husbandmen do also found wild in many places.
know this loo well to grow among their Government and virtues.] Mercury has
{

corn, or in the borders and pathways of the dominion of this plant, and therefore to
j

the other fields that are fallow. be sure it strengthens the brain. The Dill
Government and virtues] a malicious being boiled and drank, is good to ease
It is

11*. As swellings and pains

it is not without
part of sullen Saturn. 1
"
it also
stays the belly ;

some vices, so hath it also many virtues, and stomach from casting. The decoction
The meal of Darnel is very good to stay therefore helps women that are troubled with
the pains and windiness of the mother, it
gangrenes, and other such like fretting and
:

eating cankers, and putrid sores they sit therein.

It also : It stays the
j hiccough,
cleanses the skin of all leprosies, morphews, being boiled in wine, and but smelled unto
j

ringworms, and the like, if it be used with( being tied in a cloth. The seed is of more
salt and raddish roots. And being used j
use than the leaves, and more effectual to
with quick brimstone and vinegar, it dis-l digest raw and vicious humours, and is
solves knots and kernels, and breaks those \ used in medicines that serve to expel wind,
that are hard to be dissolved, being boiled land the pains proceeding there-trom. The
in wine with pigeon's dung and Linseed 1 seed, being roasted or fried, and used in
:

A decoction thereof made with water and oils or plasters, dissolve the imposthumes
honey, and the places bathed therewith, is in the fundament ; and dries up all moist
profitable for the sciatica. Darnel meal ulcers, especially in the fundament ; an oil
appJied in a poultice draws forth splinters j made of Dill is effectual to warm or dis-
and broken bones in the flesh The red solve humours and imposthumes, and the
: <

Darnel, boiled in red wine and taken, pains, and to procure rest. ; The decoction
stays the lask and all other fluxes, and of Dill, be it herb or seed (only if you boil
j

women's bloody issues ; and restrains urine | the seed you must bruise it) in white wine,
that passes away too suddenly. j being
drank, it is a gallant expeller of wind,
and provoker of the terms. ;
J-/ 1 Jj lj I

Descript.] THE common Dill grows upj

with seldom more than one stalk, neither
j Descript] THIS rises up with a round
so high, nor so great usually as Fennel, green smooth stalk, about two feet high,
j

being round and fewer joints thereon, set with divers long and somewhat narrow,
\

whose leaves are sadder, and somewhat smooth, dark green leaves, somewhat nipped
j

long, and so like Fennel that it deceives about the edges, for the most part, being
|

many, but harder in handling, and some- else all whole, and not divided at all, or but
\

what thicker, and of a strong unpleasant very seldom, even to the tops of the
I

scent: The tops of the stalks have four branches, which yet are smaller than those
j

branches and smaller umbels of yellow below, with one rib only in the middle,
I

flowers, which turn into small seed, some- At the end of each branch stands a round
5

what flatter and thinner than Fennel seed. head of many flowers set together in the
\

The root is somewhat small and woody, j same manner, or more neatly than Scabions,
perishes every year after it hath borne j and of a bluish purple colour, which
seed ;and is also unprofitable, being never being past, there follows seed which falls
j

put to any use. *

away. The root is somewhat thick, but
s
64 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
short and blackish, with many strings, morphew,
| or other deformities thereof,
abiding after seed time many years. This especially
j if a little vitriol be dissolved
root was longer, the devil (as the therein.
until I

friars say) bit

away the rest of it for spite, j

envying its usefulness to mankind; forj

sure he was not troubled with any disease; MANY kinds of these are so well known,
for which it is proper. |
that I shall not trouble you with a
descrip-
There are two other sorts hereof, in \
tion of them :
My
book grows too fast,
big
nothing unlike the former, save that the
j
Government and virtues.'] All Docks are
one bears white, and the other bluish-colour- 1 under Jupiter, of which the Red Dock,
ed flowers. \ which
commonly called Bloodwort,
is

Place.'] The grows as well in dry

first {
the blood, and strengthens the
cleanses
meadows and fields as moist, in many liver ; but the yellow Dock-root is best to
:

places of this land : But the other two are be taken when either the blood or liver is
1

more rare, and hard to be met with, yet! affected by choler. All of them have a
they are both found growing wild about kind of cooling (but not all alike) drying
I

Appledore, near Rye in Kent. quality, the sorrel being most cold, and the
I

Time.'] They flower not usually until

|
Blood-worts most drying. Of the Burdock,
August. I have spoken already by itself. The seed
Government and virtues^ The plant is of most of the other kinds, whether the gar-
\

venereal, pleasing, and harmless. The herb J dens or fields, do stay lasks and fluxes of
or the root (all that the devil hath left of fall sorts, the loathing of the stomach through
it) being boiled in wine, and drank, is very choler, and is helpful for those that spit
\

powerful against the plague, and all

pes- blood. \The roots boiled in vinegar help
tilential diseases or fevers, poisons also, the itch, scabs, and breaking out of the
:

and the bitings of venemous beasts: It skin, if it be bathed therewith. The dis-
i

helps also those that are inwardly bruised tilled water of the herb and roots have the
|

by any casuality, or outwardly by falls or same virtue, and cleanses the skin from
j

blows, dissolving the clotted blood ; and j freckles, morphews, and all other spots and
the herb or root beaten and outwardly \ discolourings therein.
applied, takes away the black and blue All Docks being boiled with meat, make
;

marks that remain in the skin. The de-tit boil the sooner: Besides Blood-wort is
coction of the herb, with honey of roses exceeding strengthening to the liver, and
j

put therein, is very effectual to help the | procures good blood, being as wholesome
inveterate tumours and swellings of the a pot-herb as any growing in a garden; yet
j

almonds and throat, by often gargling the j such is the nicety of our times, forsooth,
.1.1 . T.ll
1 1 J.l
- 11 .*..*, 1
*

mouth therewith. It helps also to procure that women will not put it into a pot, be-
women's courses, and eases all pains of the cause it makes the pottage black ; pride
,

mother and to break and discuss wind and ignorance (a couple of monsters in the
i

therein, and in the bowels. The powder of! creation) preferring nicety before health,
the root taken in drink, drives forth the!
worms in the ubody. J ri^i
The mice or dis-jJ
DODDER OF THYME, EPITHYMUM. ANT
.n j r^uiu-ir
tilled water of the herb, is effectual
i r
for[
OTHER. DODDERS.

green wounds, or old sores, and cleanses j Descript.~\ THIS first from seed gives
the body inwardly, and the seed outwardly, roots in the ground, which shoot forth
j

from sores, scurf, itch, pimples, freckles, * threads or strings, grosser or finer, as the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 65

properly of the plant wherein

it
grows, ;
spleen, and melancholy that arises from the
and the climate doth suffer, creeping and |
windiness of the hypochondria. It purges

spreading on that plant whereon it fastens,

j
also the reins or kidneys by urine ; it

be it high or low. The strings have no* opens obstructions of the gall, whereby it
leaves at all on them, but wind and in-j profits them that have the jaundice ; as
terlace themselves, so thick upon a small also the leaves, the spleen :
Purging the
j

plant, that it takes away

all comfort of the veins
|
of the choleric and phlegmatic
sun from it ; and is ready to choak or stran- humours, and helps children in agues, a
j

gle it. After these strings are risen to that j little worm seed being put thereto.
height, that they may
draw nourishment $ The other Dodders do, as I said before,
from that plant, they seem to be broken off { participate of the nature of those plants

from the ground, either by the strength of { whereon they grow : As that which hath
their rising, or withered by the heat of the? been found growing upon nettles in the
Sun. Upon these strings are found clus- west-country, hath by experience been
j

ters of small heads or husks, out of which \ found very effectual to procure plenty of
shoot forth whitisli flowers, which after- urine where it hath been stopped or hin-
wards give small pale white coloured seed, dered. And so of the rest.
somewhat flat, and twice as big as Poppy- Sympathy and antipathy are two hinges
seed. It generally participates of the na- upon which the whole mode of physic
ture of the plant which it climbs upon;: turns ; and that physician who minds
but the Dodder of Thyme is accounted the them not, is like a door off from the hooks,
best, and is the only true Epithymum. more like to do a man mischief, than to
Government and virtues.] All Dodders secure him. Then all the diseases Saturn
are under Saturn. Tell not me of phy- causes, this helps by sympathy, and
sicians crying up Epithymum, or that strengthens all the parts of the body he
Dodder which grows upon Thyme, (most rules such as be caused by Sol, it helps by
;

of which comes from Hemetius in Greece, antipathy. What those diseases are, see
or Hybla in Sicily, because those moun- my judgment of diseases by astrology; and
tains abound with Thyme,) he is a phy- if you be pleased to look at the herb Worm-
sician indeed, that hath wit enough to wood, you shall find a rational way for it.
choose the Dodder according to the nature
of the disease and humour peccant. We DOG'S-GRASS, OR COUGH GRASS.
confess, Thyme is the hottest herb it usually DescriptJ] IT is well known, that the
grows upon ; and therefore that which grass creeps far about under ground, with
grows upon Thyme is hotter than that long white joined roots, and small fibres
which grows upon cold herbs for it draws almost at every joint, very sweet in taste,
;

nourishment from what it grows upon, as as the rest of the herb is, and interlacing
well as from the earth where its root is, and one another, from whence shoot forth many
j

thus you see old Saturn is wise enough to fair grassy leaves, small at the ends, and
\

have two strings to his bow. This is ac- cutting or sharp on the edges. The stalks
counted the most effectual for melancholy are jointed like corn, with the like leaves
diseases, and to purge black or burnt choler, on them, and a large spiked head, with a
which is the cause of many diseases of the long husk in them, and hard rough seed in
head and brain, as also for the trembling of them. If you know it not by this des-
|
the heart, faintings and swoonings. It is I cription, watch the dogs when they are
helpful in all diseases and griefs of the sick, and they will quickly lead you to it.
66 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Place.'] grows commonly through this! by the path-sides in many places, and will
It
land in divers ploughed grounds to the no also be in gardens.
small trouble of the husbandmen, as also It flowers in June,
Time.'] July, and
of the gardeners, in gardens, to weed it out, August, some earlier and some later and ;

if they can for it is a constant customer to the seed is ripe quickly after.
;
j

the place it gets footing in. Government and virtues.'] It is a very

J
Government and virtues.^ Tis under the gentle, though martial plant.
: It is found
dominion of Jupiter, and is the most medi- by experience to be singularly good for wind
1

cinal of all the Quick-grasses. Being cholic, as also to expel the stone and gravel
j

boiled and drank, it opens obstructions of; in the kidneys. The decoction thereof in
the liver and gall, and the stopping of! wine, is an excellent good cure for those
urine, and eases the griping pains of the hhat have inward wounds, hurts, or bruises,
belly and inflammations wastes the mat- both to stay the bleeding, to dissolve and
;

ter of the stone in the bladder, and the ;

expel the congealed blood, and to heal the
ulcers thereof also. The roots bruised and | parts, as also to cleanse and heal outward
applied, do consolidate wounds. The seed i and fistulas; and for green
sores, ulcers,
doth more powerfully expel urine, and wounds, many do only bruise the herb, and
j

stays the lask and vomiting. The dis- apply it to the places, and it heals them
j

tilled water alone, or with a little wormseed, quickly.

\
The same decoction in wine
kills the worms in children. fomented to any place pained with the
i

The way of use is to bruise the roots, and gout, or to joint-aches, or pains of the
i

having well boiled them in white wine, si news, gives much ease. The powder or
|

drink the decoction 'Tis opening but not decoction of the herb taken for some time
:
j

purging, very safe 'Tis a remedy against together, is found by experience to be sin-
: i

all diseases
coming of stopping, and such gularly good for ruptures and burstings in
\

are half those that are incident to the body people, either young or old.
\

of man; and although a gardener be of

another opinion, yet a physician holds half
DUCK >
S MAT
j

an acre of them to be worth five acres of; THIS is so well known to swim on the
Carrots twice told over. tops of standing waters, as ponds, pools,
i

, , 5 and ditches, that it is needless further to

DOVE S-FOOT, OR CEANES-BILL.
Descript.] THIS has divers small, round, Government and virtues.'] Cancer claims
pale-green leaves, cut in about the edges, |
the herb, and the Moon will be Lady of it ;
much like mallow, standing upon long, j
a word is enough to a wise man. It is
reddish, hairy stalks, lying in a round com- effectual to help inflammations, and St
;

pass upon the ground; among which rise | Anthony's Fire, as also the gout, either
up two or three, or more, reddish, jointed, [applied by itself, or in a poultice with Bar-
slender, weak, hairy stalks, with some like [ley meal. The distilled water by some is
leaves thereon, but smaller, and more cut in highly esteemed against all inward inflam-
|

up to the tops, where grow many very j mations and pestilent fevers ; as also to
small bright red flowers of five leaves a- help the redness of the eyes, and swellings
j

piece ; after which foHow small heads, with \ of privities, and of the breasts before they
small short beaks pointed forth, as all other j be grown too much. The fresh herb ap-
sorts of those herbs do. j plied
to the forehead, eases the pains of
Place."] It grows in pasture grounds, and the head-ache
$
coming of heat.
 PLATE 7.

-Kringo
Elecampane

Dock Dr< g-oi

Dog's Grass

! ) I'M j
wort Dove's Foot
JUoody Dock
j

THOMAS KELLY. LONDON. 1835.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 67

\ to the lower end of the stalks, and see how

like a snake they look.
DOWN, OR COTTON-THISTLE. |
Government and virtues. J I he plant is
Descript.~]THIS has large leaves lying \ un der the dominion of Mars, and therefore
on the ground, somewhat cut in, and as it >
Jt would be a wonder if it should want
were crumpled on the edges, of a green ;
SO me obnoxious quality or other In all :

colour on the upper side, but covered with \

herbs of that quality, the safest way is
set with
long hairy wool, or Cotton Down, either to distil the herb in an alembick, in
;

most sharp and cruel pricks, from the mid- w ]iat vehicle) you please, or else to press
die of whose head of flowers, thrust forth ou t the juice, and distil that in a glass still,
j

many purplish crimson threads, and some- \ f n sand. It scours and cleanses the in-
times (although very seldom) white ones. \ ternal parts of the body mightily, and it
The seed that follows in the heads, lying ) clears the external parts also, being exter-
in a great deal of white down, is some- { na lly applied, from freckles, morphew, and
what large, long, and round, like the seed | sun-burning : Your best way to use it ex-
of ladies thistle, but paler. The root is great j ternally, is to mix with vinegar ; an oint-
it

and thick, spreading much, yet it usually j

me nt of it is held to be good in wounds
dies after seed-time. | and ulcers ; it consumes cankers, and that
Place.'] It grows in divers ditches, j
flesn growing in the nostrils, which they call
banks, and in corn-fields, and highways, j Polypus Also the distilled water being
:

generally every where throughout the land. |

dropped into the eyes, takes away spots
TimeJ] It flowers and bears seed about i
there, or the pin and web, and mends the
the end of Summer, when other thistles do \ dimness ofsight; it is excellently good againsf
flower and seed. \
pestilence and poison. Pliny and Dios-
Government and virtues.,] Mars owns the j
corides affirm, that no serpent will meddle-
plant, and manifests to the world, that
|
w jth him that carries this herb about him.
though it may hurt your finger, it will help j
THE ELDER TREE.
your body for I fancy it much for the
!
;

ensuing virtues. Pliny and Dioscorides j HOLD j t nee(}less to write any descrip-
j

every k y th at pi ay g w j t h
write, That the leaves and roots thereof tion o f th j S) smce
j
taken in drink, help those that have a crick j a w no t mistake another tree
pO p.g un in
in their neck; whereby they cannot turn i nstea d o f Elder: I shall therefore in this
j

their neck but their whole body must turn

j place omy describe the Dwarf-Elder,
also (sure they do not mean those that have called a j so D ea d-wort, and Wall-wort,
j

got a crick in their neck by being

under
the hangman's hand.) Galen saith, that j THE DWARF-ELDER.
*

the root and leaves hereof are of a healing is but an herb every
Descript.~] THIS
and for such persons as have
quality, good year, dying with his
stalks to the ground,
their bodies drawn together by some spasm
.
<-> " .,,
i'ii
. -
i
-
,.1 and
dllU rising
, t afresh V^YV^IJT
llQlllg 0.11^011 Spring, and is like
every >^.iJ.^,
or convulsion, as it is with children that unto the Elder both in form an(i
j quality,
have the rickets. with a stalk,
rising up | square, rough, hairy
I four feet high, or more sometimes. The
leaves are somewhat narrower than
j winged
THEY are so well known one
to every the Elder, but else like them. The flowers
|

that plants them in their gardens, they need are white with a dash of purple, standing in
j

no description if not, let them look down

;
}
umbels, very like the Elder also, but more
68 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
sweet in scent; which come small!
after the eyes, assuages them; the iuice of the
blackish of
berries, full juice while they are leaves snuffed up into the nostrils,
| purges
liesh, wherein is small hard kernels, or seed.I the tunicles of the brain ; the juice of the
The root doth creep unerd the upper crust I berries boiled with honey and
dropped
of the ground, springing in divers places, I into the ears, helps the pains of them ; the

being of the bigness of one's finger or |

decoction of the berries in wine, being
thumb sometimes. $ drank, provokes urine the distilled water
;

P/ce.] The Elder tree grows in hedges, I of the flowers is of much use to clean the
being planted there to strengthen the fences \
skin from sun-burning, freckles, morphew,
and partitions of ground, and to hold the or the like; and takes away the head-ache,
j

banks by ditches and water-courses. \

coming of a cold cause, the head being
The Dwarf Elder grows wild in many; bathed therewith. The leaves or flowers
places of England, where being once gotten distilled in the month of May, and the legs
{

into a ground, it is not easily gotten forth often washed with the said distilled water,
5

lit takes away the ulcers and sores of them,

again.
Time.'] Most of the Elder Trees, flower
\
The eyes washed therewith, it takes away
in June, and their fruit is
ripe for the mosU the redness and bloodshot and the hands
;

part in August. But the Dwarf Elder, or j washed morning and evening therewith,
Wall-wort, flowers somewhat later, and his helps the palsy, and shaking of them,
\

not ripe until September.

fruit is | The Dwarf Elder is more powerful than
Government and virtues^] Both Elder and j the common Elder in opening and purging
Dwarf Tree are under the dominion ofjcholer, phlegm, and water; in helping the
Venus. The first shoots of the common j gout, piles, and women's diseases, colours
Elder boiled like Asparagus, and the young the hair black, helps the inflammations of
\

leaves and stalks boiled in fat broth, doth the eyes, and pains in the ears, the biting ol
j

mightily carry forth phlegm and choler. serpents, or mad dogs, burnings and scald-
\

The middle or inward bark boiled in water, ings, the wind cholic, cholic, and stone, the
$

and given in drink, works much more \ difficulty of urine, the cure of old sores and
violently ; and the berries, either green or fistulous ulcers. Either leaves or bark of
\

dry, expel the same humour, and are often Elder, stripped upwards as you gather it,
;

given with good success to help the dropsy;! causes vomiting. Also, Dr. Butler, in a
the bark of the root boiled in wine, or the manuscript of his, commends Dwarf Elder
:

juice thereof drank, works the same effects, to the sky for dropsies, viz. to drink it,
but more powerfully than either the leaves being boiled in white wine ; to drink the
|

or fruit. The juice of the root taken, doth decoction I mean, not the Elder,
j

mightily" *
t
procure vomitings, and purges
nil rrn
the
1
J

IHJ5 JEJjJB 1 <Ji.

JK.

watery humours of the dropsy. Ihe de-j

coction of the root taken, cures the biting \ THIS tree is so well known, growing
of an adder, and biting of mad dogs. It generally in all counties of this land, that it
!

mollifies the hardness of the mother, if is needless to describe it.

I

women sit thereon, and opens their veins, Government and virtues.'] It is a cold and
j

and brings down their courses The berries saturnine plant. The leaves thereof bruised
: |

boiled in wine perform the same effect;! and applied, heal green wounds, being
and the hair of the head washed therewith 5 bound thereon with its own bark. The
is made black. The juice of the green ! leaves or the bark used with vinegar, cures
leaves applied to the hot inflammations of I scurf and leprosy very effectually :The
 AiSD ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 69

decoction of the leaves, hark, or root, being cools the heat and sharpness of the urine,
|

bathed, heals broken bones. The water land excoriation in the urinary parts. The
that is found in the bladders on the leaves, seeds are of the same property, or rather
while it is fresh, is very effectual to cleanse j more powerful, and besides are available foi
the skin, and make it fair; and if cloaths be fainting, swoonings, and passions of the
j

often wet therein, and applied to the rup- heart. Outwardly applied, they serve to
\

tures of children, it heals them, if they be \ temper the sharp humours of fretting ulcers,
well bound up with a truss. The said hot tumours, swellings, and pestilential
j

water put into a glass, and set into the j

sores; and wonderfully help not only the
redness and inflammations of the eyes, but
ground, or else in dung for twenty-five
i

the dimness .of the sight also ; they are also

days, the mouth thereof being close stopped, j

and the bottom set upon a layer of ordinary ;

used to allay the pains of the gout. You
salt, that the fbeces may settle and water |
cannot use it amiss ; a syrup of it is a fine
become clear, is a singular and sovereign \ cooling medicine for fevers,
balm for green wounds, being used with 5

soft tents: The decoction of the bark ofi ELECAMPANE.

the root, fomented, mollifies hard tumours, i

and the shrinking of the sinews. The roots i

Descript.~\ IT shoots forth many large
of the Elm, boiled for a long time in water, ? leaves, long and broad, lying near the
and the fat arising on the top thereof, being I
ground, small at both ends, somewhat soft
clean skimmed off, and the place anointed |
in
handling, of a whitish green on the upper
therewith that is grown bald, and the hair ; side, and grey underneath, each set upon
fallen away, will quickly restore them 5 a short footstalk, from among which rise
again. The said bark
ground with brine; up divers great and strong hairy stalks, three
or pickle, until it come to the form of a |
or four feet high, with some leaves there-
poultice, and laid an the place pained with \ upon, compassing them about at the lower
the gout, gives great ease. The decoc- >
end, and are branched towards the tops,
tion of the bark in water, is excellent to j bearing divers great and large flowers, like
bathe such places as have been burnt with those of the corn marigold, both the border
:

fire. of leaves, and the middle thrum being yel-

5

low, which turn into down, with long, small,

I

brownish seeds amongst it, and is carried

|

DescriptJ] COMMON garden Endive! away with the wind. The root is great
bears a longer and larger leaf than Succory, |and thick, branched forth divers ways,
and abides but one year, quickly running blackish on the outside and whitish within,
|

up to a stalk and seed, and then perishes !of a very bitter taste, and strong, but good
;

it has blue flowers, and the seed of the; scent, especially when they are dried, no
ordinary Endive is so like Succory seed,
part else of the plant having any smell,
j

that it is hard to distinguish them. PlaceJ] It grows on moist grounds and

Government and virtues.'] It is a fine shadowy places oftener than in the dry and
j

cooling, cleansing, jovial plant. The de- t open borders of the fields and lanes, and in
coction of the leaves, or the juice, or the \ other waste places, almost in every county
distilled water of Endive, serve well to cool j of this land.
the excessive heat of the liver and stomach, > Time.~] It flowers in the end of June and
and in the hot fits of agues, and all others July, and the seed is ripe in August. The
inflammations in any part of the body ; it roots are gathered for use, as well in the
;
70 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Spring before the leaves come forth, as in j from any morphew, spots, or blemishes
Autumn or Winter. I therein, and make it clear
Government and virtues^} It is a plant!
under the dominion of Mercury. The fresh EEINGO, OB SEA-HOLLY.
{
roots of Elecampane preserved with sugar, } DescriptJ] THE
first leaves of our ordi-
or made into a syrup or conserve, are very nary Sea-Holly, are nothing so hard and
effectual to warm a cold windy stomach, prickly as when they grow old, being almost
or the pricking therein, and stitches in the round, and deeply dented about the
edges,
sides caused by the spleen ; and to help the hard and sharp pointed, and a little
| crumpled,
cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing in i of a bluish
>*--*.-
green colour, every one upon
the lungs. The dried root made into pow- a long foot stalk ; but those that grow u|
der, and mixed with sugar, and taken, serves higher with the stalk, do as it were compass
,

to the same purpose, and is also profitable it about. The stalk itself is round and
for those who have their urine stopped, or strong, yet somewhat crested, with joints
the stopping of women's courses, the pains and leaves set thereat, but more divided,
of the mother, and the stone in the reins, sharp, and prickly ; and branches rising
kidneys, or bladder ; it resists poison, and from thence, which have likewise other
stays the spreading of the venom of ser- small branches, each of ihem having several
pents, as also putrid and pestilential fevers, 1 bluish round prickly heads, with many
and the plague itself. Trie roots and herbs ii small jagged prickly leaves under them,
beaten and pat into new ale or beer, and standing like a star, and sometimes found
daily diank, clears, strengthens, and quick- greenish or whitish The root grows won-
:

ens the sight of the eyes wonderfully. The derfully long, even to eight or ten feet in
decoction of the roots in wine, or the juice length, set with rings and circles toward the
taken therein, kills and drives forth all upper part, cut smooth and without joints
manner of worms in the belly, stomach, and down lower, brownish on the outside, and
maw; and gargled in the mouth, or the very white within, with a pith in the middle;
root chewed, fastens loose teeth, and helps of a pleasant tasle, but much more, being
to keep them from putrefaction ;and being artificially preserved, and candied with
drank is good for those that spit blood, sugar.
helps to remove cramps or convulsions, Place.] It is found about the sea coast

gout, sciatica, pains in the joints, applied in almost every county of this land which
outwardly or inwardly, and is also good for borders upon the sea.
those that are bursten, or have any inward Time.'] It flowers in the end of Sum-
bruise. The root boiled well in vinegar mer, and gives ripe seed within a month
beaten afterward, and made into an oint- after.
ment with hog's suet, or oil of trotters, is an Government and virtues.'] The plant is
excellent remedy for scabs or itch in young venereal, and breeds seed exceedingly, and
or old ; the places also bathed or washed strengthens the spirit procreative it is hot
;

with the decoction doth the same ; it also and moist, and under the celestial Balance-
j

helps al) sorts of filthy old putrid sores or \ The decoction of the root hereof in wine,
cankers whatsoever. In the roots of this is very effectual to open obstructions of the
i

herb lieth the chief effect for the remedies spleen and liver, and helps yellow jaun-
j
aforesaid. The distilled water of the leaves j dice, dropsy, pains of the loins, and wind
and roots together, is very profitable tojcholic, provokes urine, and expels the
cleanse the skin of the face, or other parts, { stone, procures women's courses. The con-
 AND ENGLISH PU\SICIAN ENLARGED. 71

tinned use of the decoction for fifteen clays, Government and virtues.} It is under tho
taken fasting, and next to bedward, doth sign of the Lion, and Sol claims dominion
help the stranguary, the difficulty
and stop- over it. If the herb v/as but as much used
and the as well as all as it is neglected, it would half
page of urine, stone, spoil the
defects of the reins and kidneys ; and if
spectacle maker's trade
; and a man would
the said drink be continued longer, it is said think, that reason should leach people to
that it cures the stone; it is found good prefer the preservation of their natural

against the French pox.

The roots bruised before artificial spectacles ; which that they
and applied outwardly, help the kernels of may be instructed how to do, take the vir-
the throat, commonly called the king's evil; tues of Eyebright as follows.
or taken inwardly, and applied to the place The juice or distilled water of Eyebright,
heal it taken inwardly in white wine or broth, or
stung or bitten by any serpent,
speedily. If the roots be bruised, and dropped into the eyes for divers days
boiled in old hog's grease, or salted lard, together, helps all infirmities of the eyes
and broken bones, thorns, &c. remaining that cause dimness of sight. Some make
in the flesh, they do not only draw them conserve of the flowers to the same effect.
forth, but heal up the place again, gathering Being used any of the ways, it also helps
new flesh where it was consumed. The a weak brain, or memory. This tunned up
iuice of the leaves dropped into the ear, with strong beer, that it may work together,
helps imposthurnes therein. The and drank, or the powder of the dried herb
distilled
water of the whole herb, when the leaves mixed with sugar, a little Mace, and Fennel
and stalks are young, is profitably drank seed, and drank, or eaten in broth or the ;

for all the purposes aforesaid ; and helps said powder made into an electuary with
the melancholy of the heart, and is avail- sugar, and taken, has the same powerful
able in quartan and quotidian agues; as effect to help and restore the sight, decayed
also for them that have their necks drawn through age ;and Arnoldus de Villa Nova
awry, and cannot turn them without turn- saith, it hath restored sight to them that
ing their whole body. have been blind a long time before.

EYEBR1GHT. FERN.

Descript,"] COMMON Eyebright is a DescriptJ] OF this there are two kinds

small low herb, rising up usually but with principally to be treated of, viz. the Male
one blackish green stalk a span high, or and Female. The Female grows higher
not much more, spread from the bottom than the Male, but the leaves thereof are
into sundry branches, whereon are small smaller, and more divided and dented, and
and almost round yet pointed dark green of as strong a smell as the male ; the vir-
leaves, finely snipped about the edges, two tue of them are both alike, and therefore
always set together, and very thick At the: I shall not trouble you with any descrip-
joints with the leaves, from the middle up- tion or distinction of them.
ward, come forth small white flowers, Placed] They grow both in heaths and
marked with purple and yellow spots, or in shady places near the hedge-sides in all
stripes; after which follow small round counties of this land.
heads, with very small seed therein. The TimeJ] They flower and give their seed
root is long, small and thready at the end. at Midsummer.
Place.~] It grows in meadows, and grassy The Female Fern is that plant which is
*
places in this land. in Sussex, called Brakes, the seed of which
u
72 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
some authors hold to be so rare: Such a pith in the middle, which is called the heart
j

thing there is I know,

and may be easily thereof. j

nad upon Midsummer Eve, and for ought Placed] j

It grows on moors,
bogs, and
I know, two or three days after it, if not watery places, in many parts of this land,
j

more. Time.'] It is green all the summer, and

Government and virtues."] It is under the j
the root only abides in winter,
dominion of Mercury, both Male and j
Government and virtues.'] Saturn owns
Female. The roots of both these sorts of |
the plant. This has all the virtues men-
Fern being bruised and boiled in Mead, \ tioned in the former Ferns, and is much
or honeyed water, and drank, kills both \ more effectual than they, both for inward
the broad and long worms in the body, ! and outward griefs, and is accounted sin-
and abates the swelling and hardness of the gularly good in wounds, bruises, or the like,
j

spleen. The green leaves eaten, purge the I The decoction to be drank, or boiled into

belly of choleric and waterish humours : an ointment of oil, as a balsam or balm,

that trouble the stomach. They are dan- j
and so it is singularly good against bruises,
gerous for women with child to meddle
j
and bones broken, or out of joint, and gives
with, by reason they cause abortions. The >
much ease to the cholic and splenetic
roots bruised and boiled in oil, or hog's diseases as also for ruptures or burstings,
:
j

grease, make a very profitable

ointment to
j
The decoction of the root in white wine,
heal wounds, or pricks gotten in the flesh. \ provokes urine exceedingly, and cleanses
The powder of them used in foul ulcers, the bladder and passages of urine,
>

dries up their malignant moisture, and

FEVERFEW, OR FEATHERFEW.
{
V. T lern k
.
1?
causes their speedier healing, being
burned, the smoke thereof drives away! Descript.~\ COMMON Featherfew has
and other noisome crea- \ large, fresh, green leaves, much torn or cut
serpents, gnats,
Cures, which in fenny countries do, in the on the edges. The stalks are hard and
IT
* IT 11" j
1 _
*
1 1_ 1
*
I l_1
such like leaves, but
night time, trouble and molest people lying round, set with many
in their beds with their faces uncovered ; it smaller, and at the tops stand many single
causes barrenness. {flowers, upon small foot stalks, consisting
of many small white leaves standing round
OSMOND ROYAL, OR WATER FERN, jiabouta yellow thrum in the middle. The
root is somewhat hard and short, with many

Descript.~] THIS shoots forth in spring j strong fibres about it. The scent of the
time (for in the Winter the leaves perish) whole plant is very strong, and the taste is
divers rough hard stalks, half round, and very bitter.1

yellowish, or flat on the other side, two feet \

Place.'] This grows wild in many places
high, having divers branches of winged yel- ! of the land, but is for the most part nourish-
lowish green leaves on all sides, set one |ed in gardens.

against another, longer, narrower,

and not Time.~\ months of June
It flowers in the
j

nicked on the edges as the former. From and July.

the top of some of these stalks grow forth Government and virtues.'] Venus com-
a long bush of small and more yellow, mands this herb, and has commended it to

green, scaly aglets, set in the same manner j succour

her sisters (women) and to be a
on the stalks as the leaves are, which are | general strengthener of their wombs, and
accounted the flowers and seeds. The root | remedy such infirmities as a careless mid-
is rough, thick and scabby with a white 5 wife hath there caused if they will but be
: ;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 73

pleased to make
use of her herb boiled in \
plied warm outwardly to the places, helps
white wine, and drink the decoction it ; the wind and cholic in the lower part of
j

cleanses the womb, expels the after-birth, the belly. It is an especial remedy against
and doth a woman all the good she can j
opium taken too liberally,
desire of an herb. And if any grumble \
xJbJNJNJbli*
because they cannot get the herb
i

winter,
i i

m ,

tellthem, if they please, they may make j

EVERY
garden affords this so plenti-
a syrup of it in summer ; chiefly used
it is needs no description.
fully, that it
|

for the disease of the mother, whether it be Government and virtues."] One good old
j
the strangling or rising of the mother, or fashion is not yet left off, viz. to boil Fennel
>

hardness, or inflammation of the same, with fish for it consumes that phlegmatic
| ;

applied outwardly thereunto.

Or a decoc-
1
humour, which fish most plentifully afford
tion of the flowers in wine, with a little Nut- and annoy the body with, though few that
|

meg or Mace put therein, and drank often in use it know wherefore they do it; I suppose
j

a day, is an approved remedy to bring! the reason of its benefit this way is, because
down women's courses speedily, and helps it is an herb of Mercury, and under Virgo,
to expel the dead birth and after-birth. and therefore bears antipathy to Pisces.
For a woman to sit over the hot fumes of Fennel is good to break wind, to provoke
the decoction of the herb made in water or urine, and ease the pains of the stone, and
*

wine, is effectual for the same; and in some helps to break it. The leaves or seed,
cases to the boiled herb warm to the boiled in barley water and drank are good
apply j

privy parts. The decoction thereof made, \ for nurses,

to increase their milk, and make
"

with some sugar, or honey put thereto, is it more wholesome for the child. The
used by many with good success to help leaves, or rather the seeds, boiled in water,
the cough and stuffing of the chest, by stays the hiccough, and takes away the
colds, as also to cleanse the reins and loathings Avhich oftentimes happen to the
bladder, and helps to expel the stone in stomachs of sick and feverish persons, and
them. The powder of the herb taken in allays the heat thereof. The seed boiled in
wine, with some Oxymel, purges both cho- wine and drank, is good for those that are
ler and phlegm, and is available for those bitten with serpents, or have eaten poison-
that are short winded, and are troubled with ous herbs, or mushrooms. The seed, and
melancholy and heaviness, or sadness of the roots much more, help to open obstruc-
spirits. pains in j tions of the liver, spleen, and gall, and
It is very effectual for all
the head coming of a cold cause, the herb ! thereby help the painful and windy swel-
being bruised and applied to the crown of i lings of the spleen, and the yellow jaundice;
the head : As also for the vertigo, that is a as also the gout and cramps. The seed is
j

junning or swimming in the head. The |

of good use in medicines to help shortness
decoction thereof drank warm, and the of breath and wheezing by stopping of the
;

herb bruised with a few corns of Bay salt, > lungs. It helps also to bring down the
and applied to *he wrists before the coming | courses, and to cleanse the parts after
of the ague fits, doth take them away. The \ delivery. The roots are of most use in
distilled water takes away freckles, and physic drinks, and broth that are taken to
j
other spots and deformities in the face. cleanse the blood, to open obstructions of
The herb bruised and heated on a tile, with the liver, \
so provoke urine, and amend the
some wine to moisten it, or fried with a Jill colour in the face after sickness, and to
little wine and oil in a frying-pan, and ap- cause a good habit through the body.
74 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Both leaves, seeds, and roots thereof are j
little
Euphorbium put to the nose, helps
much used in drink or broth, to make peo- i those that are troubled with the
lethargy,
pie more lean that are too fat. The dis- j
frenzy, giddiness of the head, the falling
tilledwater of the whole herb, or the con- sickness, long and inveterate head-aches,
j

densate juice dissolved, but especially the the palsy, sciatica, and the
j cramp, and
natural juice, that in some counties issues generally all the diseases of the sinews, used
s

out hereof of its own accord, dropped into; with oil and vinegar. The juice dissolved
the eyes, cleanses them from mists and in wine, or put into an egg, is good for a
i

films that hinder the sight. The sweet cough, or shortness of breath, and for those
j

Fennel is much weaker in physical uses; that are troubled with wind in the body.
than the common Fennel. The wild Fen- It purges the belly gently, expels the hard-
1

nel is stronger and hotter than the tame, \ ness of the spleen, gives ease to women
and therefore most powerful against the! that have sore travail in child-birth, and
stone, but not so effectual to encrease milk, | eases the pains of the reins and bladder,
because of its dryness. 1 and also the womb. A little of the juice
dissolved in nd
SOW-FENNEL, OR Hocs-FENNEL.
>,
dropped into the
ears, eases much or the pains in them, and
BESIDES the common name in English, put into a hollow tooth, eases the pain
Hog's Fennel, and the Latin name Peuci- j
thereof. The root is less effectual to all
danum, is called Hoar-strange, and Hoar- j
the aforesaid disorders ; yet the powder of
strong, Sulphur-wort, and Brimstone-wort, j
the root cleanses foul ulcers, being put into
Descript.] The common Sow-Fennel them, and takes out splinters of broken
|

has divers branched stalks of thick and bones, or other things in the flesh, and
j

somewhat long leaves, three for the most heals them up perfectly: as also, dries up
|

part joined together at a place, among old and inveterate running sores, and is of
\

which arises a crested straight stalk, less admirable virtue in all green wounds,
i

than Fennel, with some joints thereon, and i

leaves growing thereat, and towards thej FIG-WORT, OR THROAT-WORT.

tops some branches issuing from thence; 1

likewise on the tops of the stalks and? Descript.~] COMMON great Fig-wort sends
branches stand divers tufts of yellow flowers, divers great, strong, hard, square brown
j

whereafter grows somewhat flat, thin, and stalks, three or four feet high, whereon grow
j

yellowish seed, bigger than Fennel seed. Uarge, hard, and dark green leaves, two at
The roots grow great and deep, with many a joint, harder and larger than Nettle
|

other parts and fibres about them of a leaves, but not stinking
\
at the tops of the
;

strong scent like hot brimstone, and yield stalks stand many purple flowers set in
'

forth a yellowish milk, or clammy juice, husks, which are sometimes gaping and
j

almost like a gum.

| open,
somewhat like those of Water Betony ;

Place.'] It grows plentifully in the salt after which come hard round heads, with
\

low marshes near Feversham in Kent. i a small point in the middle, wherein lie
Time.'] It flowers plentifully in July and j
small brownish seed. The root is great,
August. |
white, and thick, with many branches at it,
Government and virtues^] This is also an \ growing aslope under the upper crust of
herb of Mercury. The juice of Sow-Fennel the ground, which abides many years, but
\

(saith Dioscorides, and Galen,) used with keeps not his green leaves in Winter,
j

vinegar and rose water, or the juice with a f Place.'] It grows frequently in moist
 I' LATE 8.

Foxglove flower de -lu c

-
e
Figwort

Fie a wort Fnm.it ory

Fennel F] axwee d Feverfew

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 75

and shadowy woods, and in the lower parts j together in a pith or umbie, each upon a
of the fields and meadows. : small foot stalk, which after they have been
Time.'] It tiowers about July, and the i blown upon a good while, do fall away,
seed will be ripe about a month after the \
and in their places appear small-, round,
flowers are fallen. J chaffy heads like buttons, wherein are the
Government and virtues.]
Some Latin ; seeds set and placed. The root
chaffy
authors call it Cervicaria. because it is ap- \ consists of many small, black, tuberous
propriated to the neck and we Throat- pieces,
; \
fastened together by many small,
wort, because it is appropriated to the Hong, blackish strings, which run from one
throat. Venus owns the herb, and the \
to another.
Celestial Bull will not deny it; therefore Place] It grows in many places of this
a better remedy cannot be for the king's land, in the corners of dry fieMs and mea-
evil, because the Moon that rules the dis- dows, and the hedge sides.
7 ^-J

ease is exalted there. The decoction of the | Time.] They flower in June and July,
herb taken inwardly, and the bruised herb and their seed is ripe in August.
i

applied outwardly, dissolves clotted and Government and virtues.] It is under the
congealed blood within the body, coming {dominion of Venus. It effectually opens
by any wounds, bruise, or fall ; and is no the passages of the urine, helps the stran-
\

less effectual for the king's evil, or any guary ; the stone in the kidneys or bladder,
i

other knobs, kernels, bunches, or wens j the gravel, and all other pains of the blad-
growing in the flesh wheresoever and for I der and reins, by taking the roots
;
in pow-
the haemorrhoids, or piles. An ointment! der, or a decoction of them in white wine,
made hereof may be used at all times when j with a little honey. The roots made into
the fresh herb is not to be had. The dis- \ powder, and mixed with honey in the form
tilled water of the whole plant, roots and of an electuary, doth much help them
|

all, is used for the same purposes, and dries whose stomachs are swollen, dissolving and
I

up the superfluous, virulent moisture of breaking the Avind which was the cause
hollow and corroding ulcers it takes away thereof; and is also very effectual for all
;

all redness, spots, and freckles in the face, the diseases of the lungs, as shortness of
as also the scurf, and any foul deformity breath, wheezing, hoarseness of the throat,
therein, and the leprosy likewise. and the cough ; and to expectorate tough
phlegm, or any other parts thereabout.
FILIPENDULA, OR DROP-WORT.
THE FIG-TREE.
Descript] THIS sends forth many leaves, 5

some larger, some smaller, set on each side \

To give a description of a tree so well
of a middle rib, and each of them dented known to every body that
keeps it in his
about the edges, somewhat resembling wild garden, were needless. They prosper very
Tansy, or rather Agrimony, but harder in well in our English gardens, yet are fitter
handling; among which rise up one or | for medicine than for any other profit
more stalks, two or three feet high, with the 1 which is gotten by the fruit of them,
leaves growing thereon, and sometimes also Government and virtues.]
;
The tree is
divided into other branches spreading at the under the dominion of Jupiter. The milk
top into many white, sweet-smelling flowers, that issues out from the leaves or branches
consisting of five leaves a-piece, with some where they are broken off, being dropped
threads in the middle of them, standing upon warts, takes them away. The de-
76 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
eoction of the leveas is excellently good to cover their bottoms
s but instead of the ;

wash sore heads with and there is scarcely three upright leaves, as the Flower-de-luce
:
j
a better remedy for the leprosy than it is. has, this has only three short pieces
;

It clears the face also of morphew, and the i standing in their places, after which succeed
body of white rcurf, scabs, and running thick and long three square heads, con-
I

sores. If it be dropped into old fretting taining in each part somewhat big and flat
j

ulcers, it cleanses out the moisture, and seed, like those of the Flower-de-luce. The
j

brings up the flesh; because you cannot root is long and slender, of a pale brownish
j

have the leaves green all the year, you may colour on the outside, and of a horseflesh
j

make an ointment of them whilst you can. colour on the inside, with many hard fibres
i

A decoction of the leaves being drank in- thereat, and very harsh in taste,
>

wardly, or rather a syrup made of them, |

PlaceJ] It usually grows in watery
dissolves congealed blood caused by bruises
j
ditches, ponds, lakes, and moor sides, which
or falls, and helps the bloody flux. The i are always overflowed with water,
ashes of the wood made into an ointment i
Time.~\ It flowers in July, and the seed
with hog's grease, helps kibes and chilblains. is ripe in August.
j

The juice being put into an hollow tooth, Government and 'virtues.'] It is under the
j

eases pain; as also pain and noise in the dominion of the Moon. The root of this
j

ears, being dropped into them; and deaf- Water-flag is very astringent, cooling, and
j

ness. An ointment made of the juice and drying ; and thereby helps all lasks and
\

hog's grease, is an excellent remedy for the! fluxes, whether of blood or humours, as
biting of mad dogs, or other venomous j bleeding at the mouth, nose, or other parts,
beasts, as most are. A
syrup made of the ;
bloody flux, and the immoderate flux of
leaves, or green fruit, is excellently good for j women's courses. The distilled water of
coughs, hoarseness, or shortness of breath, j
the whole herb, flowers and roots, is a
and all and lungs it sovereign good remedy for watering eyes,
diseases of the breast ; 5

is also extremely good for the dropsy and (both to be dropped into them, and to have
falling sickness. They say that the Fig cloths or sponges wetted therein, and ap-
I

Tree, well as the Bay Tree, is never [plied to the forehead: It also helps the
as
hurt by lightning as also, if you tie a bull, spots and blemishes that happen in and
;
j

be he ever so mad, to a Fig Tree, he will about the eyes, or in any other parts : The
!

quickly become tame and gentle. As for? said water fomented on swellings and hot
such figs as come from beyond sea, I * inflammations of women's breasts, upon
have little to say, because I write not of cancers also, and those spreading ulcers
exoticks. called Noli tangere, do much good
me It
: :

$
helps also foul ulcers in the privities
of man
THE YELLOW WATER-FLAG, OR FLOWER- 5
or woman ;but an ointment made of the
DE-LUCE. I
flowers is better for those external applica-
; lions.

Descnpt.] THIS grows like the Flower-*

de-luce, but it has much
longer andnar-> FLAX-WEED, OR TOAD-FLAX.
rower sad green leaves, joined together in
j
that fashion ; the stalk also growing often- Descript.~] OUR common Flax-weed
1

times as high, bearing small yellow flowers has divers stalks full fraught with long and
}

shaped like the Flower-de-luce, with three I narrow ash-coloured leaves, and from
the
stored with
falling leaves, and other three arched that j middle of them almost upward,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 77

a number of pale yellow flowers, of a strong or spots, applied of

| itself, or used with some
of Lupines,
unpleasant scent, with deeper yellow mouths, powder
and blackish flat seed in round heads.
FLEA-WORT.
The root is somewhat woody and white,
especially the
main downright one, with ORDINARY Flea- wort rises
Descript.~]
many fibres, abiding many years, shooting up with a stalk two feet
high or more, full
forth roots every way round about, and of joints and branches on every side up to
new branches every year. the top, and at every joint two small,
long,
P/oce.] This grows throughout
this land, \ and narrow whitish green leaves somewhat
both by the way sides and in meadows, as j hairy ; At the top of every branch stand
also by hedge-sides, and upon the sides of? divers small, short scaly, or chaffy heads
banks, and borders of fields. |
out of which come forth small whitish
Time.'] It flowers in Summer, and the \
yellow threads, like to those of the Plan-
seed is ripe usually before the end of *I tain herbs, which are the bloomings of
August. flowers. The seed inclosed in these heads
rovernment and virtues.
1 Mars owns the is
:
small and shining while it is fresh, very
herb In Sussex we call it Gall wort, and
: like
: unto fleas both for colour and bigness,
lay it in our chicken's water to cure them of; but turning black when it grows old. The
the it relieves them when they are root is not long, but white, hard and woody.
gall ;

drooping. This is frequently used to spend

|
perishing every year, and rising again of
the abundance of those watery humours by t itsown seed for divers years, if it be suffered
urine, which cause the dropsy. The decoc- \
to shed : The whole plant is somewhat
tion of the herb, both leaves and flowers, whitish and hairy, smelling somewhat like
in wine, taken and drank, doth somewhat rosin.
move the belly downwards, opens obstruc- There is another sort hereof, differing not
tions liver, and helps the yellow from the former in the manner of growing,
of the
jaundice ; expels poison, provokes women's but only that the stalk and branches being
courses, drives forth the dead child, and somewhat greater, do a little more bow
after-birth. The distilled water of the herb * down to the ground : The leaves are some-
and flowers is effectual for all the same pur- \ what greater, the heads somewhat less, the
poses; being drank with a dram of the j seed alike; and the root and leaves abide
powder of the seeds of bark or the roots of \ all winter, and perish not as the former.
Wall-wort, and a little Cinnamon, for certain i Place.'] The first grows only in gardens,
days together, it is held a singular remedy the seccond plentifully in fields that are near
for the dropsy. The juice of the herb, or the sea.
the distilled water, dropped into the eyes, ;

Time.'] They flower in July, or there-

is a certain for all inflamrna- abouts'
remedy heat, j

tion, and redness in them. The juice or Government and virtues."] The herb is
water put into foul ulcers, whether they be cold, and dry, and saturnine. I suppose
cancerous or fistulous, with tents rolled itobtained the name of Flea-wort, because
therein, or parts washed and injected there- the seeds are so like Fleas, The seeds fried,
with, cleanses them thoroughly from the and taken, stays the flux or lask of the
bottom, and heals them up safely. The belly, and the corrosions that come by rea-
same juice or water also cleanses the skin son of hot choleric, or sharp and malignant
wonderfully of all sorts of deformity, as humours, or by too much purging of any
leprosy, morphew, scurf, wheals, pimples, violent medicine, as Scammony, or the
78 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
like. The mucilage of the seed made with There is another sort, differing in
j nothing,
Rose-water, and a little sugar-candy put save only it has somewhat broad leaves
j ;

thereto, is very good in all hot agues and they have a strong evil savour, being
\

burning fevers, and other inflammations, to smelled unto, and are of a drying taste.
cool the thirst, and lenity the dryness and Placed] They flower wild in the fields
roughness of the tongue and throat. It by hedge-sides and highways, and among
helps also hoarseness of the vt>ice, and dis- rubbish and other places.
eases of the breast and lungs, caused by Time."] They flower and seed quickly
heat, or sharp salt humours, and the pleu- after, namely in June and July.
risy also. The mucilage of the seed made j
Government and virtues.'] This herb is
with Plantain water, whereunto the yolk of saturnine also.
? Both the herb and seed of
an egg or two, and a little Populeon are Flux-weed is of excellent use to stay the flux
j

put, is a most safe and sure remedy to ease! or lask of the belly, being drank in water
the sharpness, pricking, and pains of the! wherein gads of steel heated have been
haemorrhoids or piles, if it be laid on a! often quenched; and is no less effectual
cloth, and bound thereto. It helps all in-i for the same
purpose than Plantain or Com-
rlammations in any part of the body, and \ frey, and to restrain any other flux of blood
the pains that come thereby, as the head- in man or woman, as also to consolidate
ache and megrims, and all hot imposthumes, bones broken or out of joint. The juice
swellings, or breaking
out of the skin, as thereof drank in wine, or the decoction of
blains, wheals, pushes, purples, and the the herb drank, doth kill the worms in the
like , as also the joints of those that are out stomach or belly, or the worms that gro\v
of joint, the pains of the gout and sciatica, in putrid and filthy ulcers and made into
;

the burstings of young children, and the a salve doth quickly heal all old sores, how
swellings of the navel, applied with oil of foul or malignant soever they be. The
roses and vinegar. It is also good to heal distilled water of the herb works the same
the nipples and sore breasts of women, effects, although somewhat weaker, yet it
being often applied thereunto. The juice is a fair medicine, and more acceptable to
of the herb with a little honey put into the be taken. It is called Flux-weed because
ears helps the running of them, and the it cures the flux, and for its uniting broken
worms breeding in them The same also bones, &c. Paracelsus extols it to the
:

mixed with hog's grease, and applied to cor- skies. It is fitting that syrup, ointment,
rupt and filthy ulcers, cleanses them and and plaisters of it were kept in your houses.
heals them.
FLOWER-DE-LUCE.
FLUX-WEED.
IT
is so well known,
being nourished up
Descript^] IT rises up with a round up- most in
gardens, that I shall not need to

right hard stalk, four or five feet high, spend time in Avriting a description thereof.
spread into sundry branches, whereon grow Time.'] The flaggy kinds thereof have
many greyish green leaves, very finely cut the most physical uses the dwarf kinds
;

and severed into a number of short and thereof flower in April, the greater sorts in
almost round parts. The flowers are very May.
small and yellow, growing spike fashion, Government and virtues^] The herb is
after which come small long pods, with Lunar. The juice or decoction of the green
small yellowish seed in them. The root is root of the flaggy kind of Flower-de-luce,
long and woody, perishing every year. with a little honey drank, doth purge and
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 79

cleanse the stomach of gross and tough also the pains and noise in the ears, and
j

phlegm, and choler therein ; it helps the I the stench of the nostrils. The root itself,
jaundice and the dropsy, evacuating those! either green or in powder, helps to cleanse,
humours both upwards and downwards ;j heal, and incarnate wounds, and lo cover
and because it somewhat hurts the stomach, the naked bones with flesh again, that
|

is not lo be taken without honey and

spike-? ulcers have made bare; and is also very
nard. The same being drank, doth ease good to cleanse and heal up fistulas and
\

the pains and torments of the belly and cankers that are hard to be cured,
I

sides, the shaking of agues,

& the diseases of?
,, r ,, ,.., ,,
,

the liver and spleen, the worms of the beily,

:

:
FLUELLIN, OR LLUELLIN.
the stone in the reins, convulsions and Descript.~\ IT shoots forth many long
j

cramps that come of old humours; it also

j
branches partly lying upon the ground,
helps those whose seed passes from them | and partly standing upright, set with al-
unawares : It is a remedy against the ; most red leaves, yet a little pointed, and

bitings and stingings of venomous crea- \ sometimes more long than round, without
tures, being boiled in water and vinegar j order thereon, somewhat hairy, and of an
and drank. Boiled in water and drank, it evil greenish white colour; at the joints all
j

provokes urine, helps the cholic, brings | along the stalks, and with the leaves come
down women's courses ; and made up into J forth small flowers, one at a place, upon
a pessary with honey, and put up into the \ a very small short foot-stalk, gaping some-
body, draws forth the dead child. It is ] what like Snap-dragons, or rather like Toad-
much commended against the cough, to flax, with the upper jaw of a yellow colour,
;

expectorate rough phlegm ; it much eases and the lower of a purplish, with a small heel
\

pains in the head, and procures sleep or spur behind ; after which come forth
; |

being put into the nostrils it procures small round heads, containing small black
{

sneezing, and thereby purges the head of seed. \

The root is small and thready, dying
phlegm. The juice of the root applied to every year, and rises itself again of its
5

the piles or hemorrhoids, gives much ease. own

\ sowing.
The decoction of the roots gargled in the | There is another sort of Lluellin which
mouth, eases the tooth-ache, and helps the has longer branches wholly trailing upon
j

Oil called Oleum Irinum, | the

stinking breath. ground, two or three feet long, and
if it be
rightly made of the great broad \ somewhat more thin, set with leaves there-
flag Flower-de-luce and not of the great j on, upon small foot stalks. The leaves are
bulbous blue Flower-de-luce, (as is used by a little larger, and somewhat round, and
j
some apothecaries) and roots of the same, of | cornered sometimes in some places on the
the flaggy kinds, is very effectual to warm \
edges
; but the lower part of them being
and comfort all cold joints and sinews, as \ the broadest, hath on each side a small
also the gout and sciatica, and mollifies, it seem as if they were ears,
i
point, making
dissolves and consumes tumours and swell- sometimes hairy, but not hoary, and of a
ings in any part of the body, as also of the better green colour than the former. The
matrix ; it helps the cramp, or convulsions flowers come forth like the former, but the
/I mi IT
of the sinews. The head and
i ^

colours therein are more white than yellow,

temples \

anointed therewith, helps the catarrh or j

and the purple not so far. It is a large
thinrheum distilled from thence ; and used flower, and so are the seed and seed-ves-
|

upon the breast or stomach, helps to ex- ! sels. The root is like the other, and
tenuate the cold it
tough phlegm ;
helps I
perishes every year.
80 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Place.] Theygrow in divers corn fields, and hanging downwards, having some
1

and about them, and in other threads also in the middle, from whence
in borders
j

fertile grounds about Southfleet in Kent rise round heads, pointed sharp at the ends,
j

abundantly at Buchrite, Hamerton, and wherein small brown seed lies. The roots
; 1

Richmanworth in Huntingdonshire, and in are so many small fibres, and some greater
*

divers other places. strings among them ; the flowers have no

;

Time] They are in flower about June; scent, but the leaves have a bitter hot
and July, and the whole plant is dry and taste.
withered before August be done. P/ace.] It grows on dry sandy ground
Government and virtues.] It is a Lunar \ for the most
part, and as well on the higher
herb. The leaves bruised and applied with as the lower places under hedge-sides in
j

barley meal to watering eyes that are hot almost every county of this land,
j

and inflamed by defluxions from the head, >

Time] It seldom flowers before July,
do very much help them, as also the fluxes and the seed is ripe in August.
j

of blood or humours, as the lask, bloody ;

Government and virtues.] The plant is
flux, women's courses, and stays all man- ; under the dominion of Venus, being of a
ner of bleeding at the nose, mouth, or any gentle cleansing nature, and withal very
other place, or that comes by any bruise friendly to nature. The herb is familiarly
or hurt, or bursting a vein it wonderfully and frequently used by the Italians to heal
; ?

helps all those inward parts that need con- any fresh or green wound, the leaves being
j

solidating or strengthening, and is no less but bruised and bound thereon; and the
effectual both to heal and close green also used in old sores, to
juice thereof is
wounds, than to cleanse and heal all foul cleanse, dry, and heal them. The decoc-
or old ulcers, fretting or spreading cankers tion hereof made up with some sugar or
or the like. This herb is of a fine cooling, honey, is available to cleanse and purge
drying quality, and an ointment or plaister the body both upwards and downwards,
of it might do a man a courtesy that hath sometimes of tough phlegm and clammy
any hot virulent sores : 'Tis admirable for humours, and to open obstructions of the
the ulcers of the French pox ; taken in- 1 liver and spleen. It has been found by
if

wardly, may cure the disease. experience to be available for the king's
i

j;evil, the herb bruised and applied, or an

'

FOX-GLOVE. ointment made with the juice thereof, and

so used ; and a decoction of two handfuls
Descript] IT has many long and broad } thereof, with four ounces of Polipody in
leaves lying upon the ground dented upon \ ale, has been found by late experience to
the edges, a little soft or woolly, and of a i cure divers of the falling sickness, that have
hoary green colour, among which rise up i been troubled with it above twenty years,
sometimes sundry stalks, but one very j I am confident that an ointment of it is
often, bearing such leaves thereon from the \ one of the best remedies for a scabby head
bottom to the middle, from whence to the that is.
j

top it is stored with large and long hollow $

TRY
reddish purple flowers, a little more long?
and eminent at the lower edge, with some; Descript] OUR common Fumitory is a
white spots within them, one above another tender sappy herb, sends forth from one
5

with small green leaves at every one, but | square, a slender weak stalk, and leaning
branches
all of them
turning their heads one way, downwards on all sides, many
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 81

two or three feet long, with finely cut and; tilled water of the herb is also of good
jagged leaves of a whitish or rather blueishi effect in the former diseases, and conduces
sea green colour ; At the tops of the much against the plague and pestilence,
branches stand many small flowers, as it being taken with good treacle. The dis-
were in a long spike one above another, tilled water also, with a little water and
j

made like little birds, of a reddish purple j honey of roses, helps all sores of the mouth
colour, with whitish bellies, after which ; or throat, being gargled often therewith,
come small round husks, containing small The juice dropped into
j
the eyes, clears the
black seeds. The root is yellow, small, and sight and takes away redness and other
j

not very long, full of juice while it is

green, ;
defects in them, although it procure some
but quickly perishes with the ripe seed. In pain for the present, and cause tears,
\

the corn fields in Cornwall, it bears white Dioscorides saith it hinders any fresh
>

flowers. springing of hairs on the eye-lids (after they

Place.'] It grows in corn fields almost ; are pulled away) if the eye-lids be anointed
every where, as Avell as in gardens. I with the juice hereof, with Gum Arabic
Time.'] It flowers in May, for the most \
dissolved therein. The juice of the Fumi-
part, and the seed ripens shortly after.
jtory
and Docks mingled with vinegar, and
Government and virtues.'] Saturn owns the places gently washed therewith, cures
?

the herb, and presents it to the world as a^all sorts of scabs, pimples, blotches, wheals,
cure for his own disease, and a strengthener and pushes which arise on the face or
:

of the parts of the body he rules. If by hands, or any other parts of the body.
:

my astrological judgment of diseases, from:

the decumbiture, you find Saturn author of j THE FURZE BUSH,
the disease, or if by direction from as
nativity you fear a saturnine disease ap- | IT is as well known by this name, as it is
proaching, you may by this herb prevent | in some counties by the name of Gorz or
it in the one, and cure it in the other, and Whins, that I shall not need to write
|
any
therefore it is fit you keep a syrup of it description thereof, my intent
j being to
always by you. The juice or syrup made {teach my countrymen what they know not,
thereof, or the decoction made in whey by J rather than to tell them again of that which
itself,with some other purging or opening Us generally known before.
herbs and roots to cause it to work the Place.'] They are known to grow on dry
j
better (itself being but weak) is very effec- 1 barren heaths, and olher waste,
gravelly
tual for the liver and spleen, opening the I or sandy
grounds, in all counties of this
obstructions thereof, and clarifying the land.
blood from saltish, choleric, and adust Time.~\ They also flower in the Summer
humours, which cause leprosy, scabs, tet- months.
ters, and itches, and such like breakings- Government and virtues.']
Mars owns the
out of the skin, and after the purgings doth ' herb. They are hot and dry, and open
strengthen all the inward parts. It is also * obstructions of the liver and
spleen. A de-
good against the yellow-jaundice, and | coction made with the flowers thereof hath
spends it by urine, which it procures in! been found effectual against the jaundice,
abundance. The powder of the dried herb as olso to provoke urine, and cleanse the
j

given for some lime together, cures melan-| kidneys from gravel or stone ingendered
choly, but the seed is strongest in opera- in them. 1
Mars doth also this by sym-
tion for all the former diseases. The dis- pathy. *
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL

GARLICK. 1
GENTIAN, FELWORT, OR BALDMONY.
IT is confessed that Gentian, which is
THE offensiveness of the breath of him I most used amongst us, is
brought over from
that hath eaten Garlick, will lead
you by j
beyond sea, yet we have two sorts of it
the nose to the
knowledge hereof, and (in- \ growing frequently in our nation, which,
stead of a description) direct besides the reasons so
you to the \
frequently alledged
place where it
grows in gardens, which why
English herbs should be fittest for
1

kinds are the best, and most physical. English bodies, has been proved by the
|

Government and virtues.] Mars owns this experience of divers physicians, to be not
j

herb. This was anciently accounted the a whit inferior in virtue to that which
{

poor man's treacle, it being a remedy for comes from beyond sea, therefore be pleased
j
all diseases and hurts
(except those which- to take the description of them as follows,
j

provokes urine, and women's

itself breed.) It 1 Descript.~\ The greater of the two hath
courses, helps the biting of mad dogs and many small long roots thrust down deep
other venomous creatures, kills worms in \ into the
ground, and abiding all the Winter,
children, cuts and voids tough phlegm, | The stalks are sometimes more, sometimes
purges the head, helps the lethargy, is a 5 fewer, of a brownish green colour, which
good preservative against, and a remedy is sometimes two feet high, if the ground
for any plague, sore, or foul ulcers ; takes j be fruitful,
having many long, narrow, dark
away spots and blemishes in the skin, easesj green leaves, set by couples up to the top ;
pains in the ears, ripens and breaks impos- ! the flowers are long and hollow, of a purple
thumes, or other swellings. And for all colour, ending in fine corners. The smaller
j

those diseases the onions are as effectual, sort which is to be found in our land,
j

But the Garlick hath some more peculiar grows up with sundry stalks, not a foot
j

virtues besides the former, viz. it hath high, parted into several small branches,
|

a special quality to discuss inconveniences whereon grow divers small leaves together,
j

coming by corrupt agues or mineral vapours; very like those of the lesser Centaury, of a
i

or by drinking corrupt and whitish green colour ; on the tops of these

stinking waters;1

as also by
taking wolf-bane, hen-bane, { stalks grow divers perfect blue flowers,
hemlock, or other poisonous and danger- standing in long husks, but not so big as
j

ous herbs. It is also held good in

hydro- the other ; the root is very small, and full
\

pick diseases, the jaundice, falling sickness, of threads.

j

cramps, convulsions, the piles or hsemorr- ;

Place.] The first grows in divers places
hoids, or other cold diseases. Many authors j of both the East and "West counties, and as
quote many diseases this is good for ; but well in wet as in dry grounds ; as near
\

conceal its vices. Its heat is very vehement, Longfield, by Gravesend, near Cobham in
j

and all vehement hot things send up but | Kent, near Lillinstone in Kent, also in a
ill-favoured vapours to the brain. In cho- \ chalk pit hard by a paper-mill not far from
leric men it will add fuel to the fire ; in Dartford in Kent. The second grows also
|

men oppressed by melancholy, it will j in divers places in Kent, as about South-

attenuate the humour, and send up strong fleet, and Longfield ; upon Barton's hills in
j

fancies, and as many strange visions to Bedfordshire ; also not far from St. Albans,
|

the head ; therefore let it be taken

inwardly \ upon a piece of waste chalky ground, as
with great moderation ;
outwardly you may j you go out by Dunstable way towards
make more bold with it. *
Gorhambury.
 PLATE 9.

41 Br
Wall Hawkweed. Ha_rt's
ToxLgue
^Mouse -ear Hawkweed .

Gentian .

Golden .Rod .

Galingal .

('Invr
Groundsel .

Germander

THOMAS KKJ.LY, LONDON.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
Time.'] They flower in August. i

temperate, that no excess, neither in heat,

Government and virtues.] They are under cold, dryness, nor moisture, can be per-
the dominion of Mars, and one of the ceived in them they are great strengthened
;

principal herbs he They resist both of the brain and heart, and will there-
is ruler of.

putrefactions, poison,
and a more sure fore serve either for cordials or
cephalics,
remedy cannot be found to prevent the pes- as your occasion will serve. There is both
tilence than it is; it strengthens the stomach a syrup and a conserve made of them alone,
exceedingly, helps digestion, comforts the commonly to be had at every apothecary's.
heart, and preserves it against taintings To lake now and then a little of either,
and svvoonings The powder of the dry strengthens nature much, in such as are in
:

roots helps the biting of mad dogs and consumptions. They are also excellent! v
venomous beasts, open obstructions of the good in hot pestilent fevers, and expel
liver, and restores an appetite for their meat poison.
to such as have lost it. The herb steeped
GERMANDER.
in wine, and the wine drank, refreshes such
as be over-weary with traveling, and grow Descript.] COMMON Germander shoots
lame in their joints, either by cold or evil forth sundry stalks, with small and some-
lodgings ; it
helps stitches, and griping what round leaves, dented about the edges
is an excellent remedy The flowers stand at the
pains in the sides ;
tops, of a deep
for such as are bruised by falls; it provokes purple colour. The root is composed of
urine and the terms exceedingly, therefore divers sprigs, which shoots forth a great
let it not be
given to women with child :
way round about, quickly overspreading
The same is very profitable for such as are a garden.
troubled with cramps and convulsions, to Place.] It grows usually with us in
drink the decoction Also they say it breaks gardens,
:

the stone, and helps ruptures most cer- Time.] And flowers in June and July.
tainly : it is excellent in
all cold diseases, Government and virtues] It is a most
and such as are troubled with tough phlegm, prevalent herb of Mercury, and strengthens
scabs, itch, or any fretting sores and ulcers; the brain and apprehension exceedingly
it is an admirable remedy to kill the worms, when weak, and relieves them when droop-
by taking half a dram of the powder in a ing. This taken with honey (saith Diosco-
morning in any convenient liquor; the same rides) is a remedy for coughs, hardness of
is
excellently good to be taken inwardly the spleen and difficulty of urine, and
for the king's evil. It helps agues of all helps those that are fallen into a dropsy,
sorts, and the yellow jaundice, as also the especially at the beginning of the disease,
bots in cattle when kine are bitten on the a decoction being made thereof when it is
;

udder by any venomous beast, do but green, and drank. It also brings down
stroke the place with the decoction of any women's courses, and expels the dead
of these, and it will instantly heal them. child. It is most effectual against the
poi-
son of all serpents, being drank in wine,
CLOVE GILLIFLOWERS.
and the bruised herb outwardly applied ;
It is vain to describe an herb so well used with honey, it cleanses old and foul
known. ulcers ; and made into an oil, and the eyes
Government and virtues.] They are gallant, anointed therewith, takes away the dim-
fine, temperate flowers, of the nature and ness and moistness. It is likewise
good for
under the dominion of Jupiter; yea, so the pains in the sides and cramps. The
84 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
decoction thereof taken for four days -places of this land, and is usually nursed

together, drives away and cures both ter- up in gardens.

;

tain and quartan agues. It is also good

\ Time.'] It flowers not until
July, and
all diseases of the brain, as con-; the seed is in or
against ripe August September
tinual head-ache, falling-sickness, melan- yet the husks after they are ripe,
5
opening
choly, drowsiness and dullness of the spirits, themselves, will hold their seed with then?
:

convulsions and palsies. A dram of the for two or three months, and not shed them
;

seed taken in powder purges by urine, and i Government and virtues.] It is

supposed
is
good against the yellow jaundice. The
: to be under the dominion of Saturn. It is
juice of the leaves dropped into the ears used by many country people to purge
:

kills the worms in them. The tops thereof, corrupt phlegm and choler, which they do
j

when they are in flowers, steeped twenty- by drinking the decoction of the roots
1
,

four hours in a draught of white wine, and and some to make it more gentle, do but
drank, kills the worms in the belly. infuse the sliced roots in ale; and some
itake the leaves, which serve well for the
STINKING GLADWIN. weaker stomach The juice hereof put up,
:

or snuffedup the nose, causes sneezing,

THIS is one of the kinds of and draws from the head much
DescriptJ] corruption ;
Flower-de-luce, having divers leaves arising j and the powder thereof doth the same,
from the roots, very like a Flower-de-luce, The powder thereof diank in wine, helps
s

but that they are sharp-edged on both sides, those that are troubled with the cramps and
;

and thicker in the middle, of a deeper green | convulsions, or with the' gout and sciatica,
colour, narrower and sharper pointed, and and gives ease to those that have griping
|

a strong ill-scent, they be bruised be- pains in their body and belly, and helps
if i

tween the fingers. In the middle rises up those that have the stranguary. It is given
|

a reasonably strong stalk, a yard high at with much profit to those that have had
|

least, bearing three or four flowers at the long fluxes by the sharp and evil quality of
5

top, made somewhat like the flowers of the \ humours, which it stays, having first cleansed
Flower-de-luce, with three upright leaves, and purged them by the drying and bind-
i

of a dead purplish ash-colour, with someiing property therein. The root boiled in
veins discoloured in them ; the other three \ wine and drank, doth effectually procure
do not fall down, nor are the three other j women's courses, and used as a pessary,
small ones so arched, nor cover the lower works the same effect, but causes abortion
\

leaves as the Flower-de-luce doth, but stand } in Avomen with child. Half a dram of the
loose or asunder from them. After they seed beaten to powder, and taken in wine,
;

are past, there come up three square hard doth speedily cause one to make water
husks, opening wide into three parts when I abuadantly. The same taken with vine-
they" are ripe, wherein lie reddish seed, \ gar, dissolves the hardness and swellings
turns black when it hath abiden long. The of the spleen. The root is very effectual
root is like that of the Flower-de-luce, but in all wounds, especially of the head ; as
j

reddish on the outside, and whitish within, also to draw forth any splinters, thorns, or
$

very sharp and hot in the taste, of as evil j broken bones, or any other thing sticking
a scent as the leaves. (
in the flesh, without causing pains, being

P/ace.] This grows as well in upland used with a little verdigrease and honey,
j

grounds, as in moist places, woods, and and the great Centaury root.
\
The same
shadowy places by the sea-side in many \ boiled in vinegar, and laid upon any tumour
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
or swelling, doth very effectually dissolve | inferior to none, both for the inward and
and consume them ; yea, even the swell- outward hurts ; green wounds, old sores
jngs of the throat called
the king's evil ; and ulcers, are quickly cured therewith.
the juice of the leaves or roots heals the It also is of especial use in all lotions for
itch, and all running or spreading scabs, sores or ulcers in the mouth, throat, or privy
sores, blemishes, or scars in the skin, where- parts of man or woman. The decoction
soever they be. also helps to fasten the teeth that are loose
in the gums.
GOLDEN ROD.
THIS GOUT-WORT, OR HERB GERRARD.
Descript.] rises up with brownish
small round stalks, two feet high, and Descript] IT is a low herb, seldom rising
sometimes more, having thereon many half a yard high, having sundry leaves
narrow and long dark green leaves, very standing on brownish green stalks by three,
seldom with any dents about the edges, or -snipped about, and of a strong unpleasant
any stalks or white spots1 therein, yet they 'i*
savour The umbels of the flowers are
:
s* "l
* *
1 l *_11.1 jj
ill 1*1 1 1
are sometimes so found divided at the tops white, and the seed blackish, the root runs
into many small branches, with divers in the ground, quickly taking a great deal
small yellow flowers on every one of them, of room.
all Avhich are turned one way, arid being grows by hedge and wall-
Place.'] It

ripe, do turn into down, and are

carried sides, and often in the border and corner of
away by the wind. The root consists of fields, and in gardens also.
many small fibres, which grows not deep Time.] It flowers and seeds about the
in the ground, but abides all the winter end of July.
therein, shooting forth new branches every Government and virtues.] Satuni rules it.
year, the old one lying down to the ground. Neither is it to be supposed Gout-wort hath
Place.'] It grows in the open places of its name for nothing but upon experiment
woods and copses, on both moist and dry to heal the gout and sciatica ; as also joint-
grounds, in many places of this land. aches, and other cold griefs. The very
Time.] It flowers about the month of bearing of it about one eases the pains of
July. the gout, and defends him that bears it

Government and virtues.] Venus claims from the disease.

the herb, and therefore to be sure it res-
GROMEL-
pects beauty lost. Arnold us de Villa Nova
commends it much against the stone in the OP this 1 shall briefly describe their
reins and kidneys, and to provoke urine in I kinds, which are principally used in physic,
abundance, wherebjr also the gravel and I the virtues whereof are alike, though some-
stone may be voided. The decoction of! what different in their manner and form of
the herb, green or dry, or the distilled growing. ?

water thereof, isvery effectual for inward t

Descript.] The greater Gromel grows up
bruises, as also to be outwardly applied, it j
with slender hard and hairy stalks, trailing
stays bleeding in any part of the body, and \ and taking root in the ground, as it lies
of wounds ; also the fluxes of humours, thereon, and parted into many other small
the bloody-flux, and women's courses; and branches with hairy dark green leaves there-
is no less
prevalent in all ruptures or burst- on. At the joints, with the leaves, come
ings, being drank inwardly, and outwardly forth very small blue flowers, and after them
applied. It is a sovereign wound herb, hard stony roundish seed. The root is long
86 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and woody, abiding the Winter, and shoots \ boiled, or the juice thereof drank, is eflei
forth fresh stalks in the spring. j tual to all the purposes aforesaid, but not &
The smaller wildGromel sends forth i
powerful or speedy in operation.
divers upright hard branched stalks, two or {

three feet high, jull of joints, at every one of

GOOSEBERRY BUSH.
j

which grow small, long, hard and rough} CALLED alsO Feap berry, and in Sussex
leaves like the former, but less ; among and in some Counties
j Dewberry Bns h,
.
which leaves come forth small white flowers, \v meb |
erry '

and after them greyish round seed like the [ Governm ent and
virtues.-] They are under
former; the root is not very big, but withj the dominionof Venus. The
berries, while
many strings thereat. j thev
-
are unripe being B sca ided or baked,
The garden Gromel has divers upright arc ood to s r
j| fo up a aint g or decayed
f i n
slender, woody, hairy stalks, blown and j
tite especial i5; such wh gse stomachs
erased, very little branched with leaves a afflicted b | holeric humours: They are
like the former, and white flowers; after; exce |, entl
y &goo d to st ay longin gs of women
which,, m rough brown husks, is contained wt
,
|

with c
;
chikl OU may kSep
. Y ep tem
them pre-
a white, hard, round seed shining The
than either the former
lUtejj^ with s r a]1 the year Iong<
pearls, and greater ;
decoction of
j &
e leaves o f the tree cools
the root is like the first described, s and inflammations;
with| hot swelli as also
divers branches and sprigs thereat which gl Anth s fire
>
The ripe Gooseberries
.
|

continues (as the first doth) all the Winter.; bejno ea .

gre an excel]ent remed to
e
Place.] The two
first grow wild in barren
al | the violent heat hoth of the stO ac h
, m
or untilled places, and by the way The y and tcnder leavcj!
side| and iver ,

in many places of this land. Lhe last is

hreak the stQIK% an<J
;
d d both from
a nursling in the gardens of the curious. the kidneys and bladder. All the evil they
^
|

all flower from Midsummer

Time.-] They do tf)
j body of man ig> they are
until September sometimes, and in the;
d tQ breed crudities> and by crud t e s, i i

mean time the seed ripens. | worms

Government and virtues] The herb belongs |

to Dame Venus; and therefore if Mars | WINTER-GUEEK.

cause the cholic or stone, as usually hej
doth, if in Virgo, this is your cure. These Descript] THIS sends forth seven, eight,
|

be of as force as I or nine leaves from a small brown

are accounted to singular creeping
herb or seed whatsoever, to break the root, every one standing upon a long fool
any |

stone and to void it, and the gravel either stalk, which are almost as broad as long,
\

in the reins or bladder, as also to provoke | round pointed, of a sad green colour, and
urine being stopped, and to help stranguary. hard in handling, and like the leaf of a
>

The seed is of greatest use, being bruised Pear-tree ; from whence arises a slender
|

and boiled in white wine or in broth, or the weak stalk, yet standing upright, bearing
\

small white sweet-smelling

like, or the powder of the seed taken there- j at the top many
in. Two drams of the seed in powder 5 flowers, laid open like a star, consisting ot
taken with women's breast milk, is very j five round pointed leaves, with many yellow
effectual to procure a very speedy delivery threads standing in the middle about a green
|

to such women as have sore pains in their head, and a long stalk with them, which in
j

travail, and cannot be delivered The herb time grows to be the seed-vessel, which
: ;

is found five square, with a small

itself, (when the seed is not to be had) either being ripe
|
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 87

point at it,
wherein is contained seed as j
it may be se.en many months in the year,
small as dust. both green and in flower, and seed ; for it
!

Place.']
It grows seldom in fields, but will spring and &eed twice in a year at
;

frequent in the woods northwards, viz. in 'least, if it be suffered in a garden.

Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Scotland. | Place."] They grow almost every where,
Time.'] It flowers about June and July, fas well on tops of walls, as at the foot,
Government and virtues."] Winter-green amongst rubbish and untilled grounds, but
\

is under the dominion of Saturn, and is a especially in gardens.

singularly good wound and an espe-

herb, Time.'] It flowers, as was said before, al-
cial remedy for healing green wounds most every month throughout the year.
leaves being bruised and
'

speedily, the green

Government and virtues."]
; This herb is
applied, or the juice of them. A salve Venus's I
mistress-piece, and is as
gallant
made of the green herb stamped, or the and universal a
j
medicine for all diseases

juice boiled
with hog's lard, or with salad coining of heat, in what part of the body
j

oil and wax, and some turpentine added soever they be, as the sunshines upon; it is
j

to it, is a sovereign salve, and highly ex- very safe and friendly to the body of man:
(

tolled by the Germans, who use it to heal yet causes vomiting if the stomach be af-
j

all manner of wounds and sores. The herb flicted ; if not, purging and it doth it with
J
:

boiled in wine and water, and given to more gentleness than can be expected; it is
I

drink to them that have any inward ulcers moist, and something cold Avithal, thereby
j

in their kidneys, or neck of the bladder, causing expulsion, and repressing the heat
doth wonderfully help them. It stays all caused by the motion of the internal parts
1

fluxes, as the lask, bloody fluxes, women's in purges and vom-its. s

Lay by our learned
courses, and bleeding of wounds, and takes receipts take ; so much Sena, so much
;

away any inflammations rising upon pains | Scammony, so much Colocynlhis, so much
of the heart it is no less helpful
;
for foul infusion of Crocus Metallorum, &c. this
i

ulcers hard to be cured ; as also for cankers |

herb alone preserved in a syrup, in a dis-
or fistulas. The distilled water of the herb tilled water, or in an ointment, shall do

effectually performs the same things. j

the deed for you in all hot diseases, and,
* shall do it, 1, Safely 2, Speedily.
;
GROUNDSEL. J
rpi i r-'i- 'i /
he decoction or this herb (sailh -p.-
i i

j
J Diosco-
Descript.'] OUR commonGroundsel has rides) made Avith wine, and drank, helps
>

a round green and somewhat brownish the pains of the stomach, proceeding of
,

stalk, spreading toward the top into branches, choler, (which it may well do by a vomit)
j

set with long and somewhat nan ow green as daily experience shews.
I The juice there-
leaves, cut in on the edges, somewhat like of taken in drink,
|
or the decoction of it in
the oak-leaves, but less, and round at the ale, gently performs the same.
f It is good
end. At the tops of the branches stand against the iaundiee and falling sickness,
j

many small green heads, out of which grow being taken in wine as aiso against dif-
j ;

several small, yellow threads or thumbs, ficulty of making water.

1 It provokes
which are the flowers, and continue many urine, expels gravel in the reins or kidneys;
;

days blown in that manner, before it pass la dram thereof given in oxymel, after some
away into down, and with the seed is walking or stirring of the body. It helps
|

carried away in the wind. The root is small : also the sciatica, griping of the belly, the
and thready, and soon perishes, and aslcholic, defects of the liver, and provokes
soon rises again of its own sowing, so that women's courses. The fresh herb boiled,
:

A A
88 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and made into a poultice, applied to the and a gallant remedy for the inflammation
breasts of women that are swollen with
pain of the lungs and breasts,
j pleurisy, scabs,
and heat, as also the privy parts of man or itch, &c.
j It is under the celestial
sign
woman, the seat or fundament, or the ar- Cancer.
i

teries, joints, sinews, when they are i

and
inflamed and swollen, doth much ease them; j:
ARTICHOKES.
ami used with some salt, helps to dissolve I m
knots or kernels in any part of the body. I
HE ti
J ? A
L
cafl them Clnera > onl
J our
co " e e calls them Artichocus
The juice of the herb, or as (Dioscorides \
Government and virtues.] They are under
saith) the leaves and flowers, with some fine j ,
the d mi nion of Venus, and therefore it is
Frankincense in powder, used in wounds ofi
n Carvel if they provoke lust, as indeed
the body, nerves or sinews, doth singulaily u
bem somewhat windy meat;
help to heal them. The distilled water of!
the herb performs well all the aforesaid
the
and /
d
\
?<* they stay the involuntary course of
\

na1 ural seed in man which is

cures, but especially for inflammations orj : commonly
called nocturnal pollutions And here I
watering of the eyes, by reason of the de- \ '
care not g reat lf T uotea lttle of Gale!n s
fluxion of rheum unto them. \ H ^
nonsense in his treatise of the faculties of
HEART'S-EASE. nourishment. He saith, they contain plenty
j

THIS is that herb which such physicians ? f ch oleric juice (which notwithstanding
I

1 can scarce believ e>) of which he saith

as are licensed to blaspheme by authority,!
without danger of having their tongues
ls
1 l >
engendered melancholy juice, and of that
I

thin choleric blood.

burned through with an hot iron, called an melancholy juice
1
But,
to 6 *' this is certain, that the decoc-
herb of the Trinity. It is also called by P"? |
)n of the l ed ln wmc or e root
those that are more moderate, Three Faces i f ,
.^
bruised and distilled in wine in an alembic,
'
^
in a Hood, Live in Idleness, Cull me to
and bem S drank ' P ur Ses b? urme exceed -
you; and in Sussex we call them Fancies.
Place] Besides those which are brought !

up in gardens, they grow commonly wildj HART'S-TONGUE.

in the fields, especially in such as are very \
barren: sometimes you may find it on the i Descript] THIS has divers leaves arising
tops of the high hil-ls.
|
from the root, every one severally, which
Time] They flower all the Spring and fold themselves in their first springing and
j

Summer long. spreading : when they are full grown, are

j

Government and virtues] The herb is about a foot long, smooth and green above,
\

really saturnine, something cold, viscous, j but hard and with little sap in them, and
and slimy. A strong decoction of the herbs streaked on the back, athwart on both sides
I

and flowers (if you will, you may make itjof the middle rib, with small and some-
into syrup) is an excellent cure for the French what long and brownish marks; the bot-
|

pox, the herb being a gallant antivenereal j toms of the leaves are a little bowed on
:

and that antivenereals are the best cure for each side of the middle rib, somewhat
;

that disease, far better and safer than to small at the end. The root is of many
torment them with the flux, divers foreign black threads, folded or interlaced together
j

physicians have confessed. The spirit of? Time] It is green all the Winter ; but
it is
excellently good for the convulsions in t new leaves spring every year.
children, as also for the falling sickness, j Government and virtues] Jupiter claims
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 89

domini-on over this herb, therefore it is a [was the father of slander; Or are men's
for the liver, both to: tongues so given to slander one another,
singular remedy
't when weak, and ease it when that they must slander Nuts too, to keep
strengthen j

do it in a their
afflicted, you shall well to keep tongues in use ? If any part of the
{

syrup all the year ; For though authors say Hazel Nut be stopping, it is the husks and
5

it is
green the year, I scarcely believe it. shells, and no one is so mad as to eat them,
all |

Hart's Tongue is much commended against unless physically ; and the red skin which
the hardness and stoppings of the spleen covers the kernel, you may easily pull off.
and liver, and against the heat of the liver And so thus have I made an apology for
and stomach, and against lasks, and the Nuts, which cannot speak for themselves.
bloody-flux. The distilled water thereof is
HAWK-WEED.
i

also very good against the passions of the i

heart, and to stay the hiccough, to help* THERE are several sorts of Hawk -weed,
the falling of the palate, and to stay the \ but they are similar in virtues.
of the gums, being gargled in the It has many large leaves
bleeding T-V- ~:*u :*: j. -~' *
i;
Descript.'j
ground, much rent or torn
:

mouth. Dioscorides saith, it is good against lying upon the

the stinging or biting of serpents. As for on the sides into gashes like Dandelion,
the use of it, my direction at the latter end but with greater parts, more like the
will be sufficient, and enough for those that smooth Sow Thistle, from among which
are studious in physic, to whet their brains rises a hollow, rough stalk, two or three
for one year or two. feet high, branched from the middle
upon up-
ward, whereon are set at every joint longer
HAZEL-NUT.
leaves, little or nothing rent or cut, bearing
HAZEL Nuts are so well known to every on them sundry pale, yellow flowers, con-
body, that they need no description. sisting of many small, narrow leaves, broad
Government and virtues.] They are under pointed, and nicked in at the ends, set
the dominion of Mercury. The parted in a double row or more, the outermost
kernels made into an electuary, or the milk being larger than the inner, which form
drawn from the kernels with mead or; most of the Hawk-weeds (for there are
honeyed water, is very good to help an old many kinds of them) do hold, which turn
cough; and being parched, and a little j
into down, and with the small brown

pepper put to them and drank, digests the ish seed is blown away with the wind. The
distillations of rheum from the head. The root is long and somewhat great, with
dried husks and shells, to the weight of two many small fibres thereat. The whole plant
drams, taken in red wine, stays lasks and is full of bitter-milk.

women's courses, and so doth the red skin Place.']

j
It grows in divers places about
that covers the kernels, which is more ef- the field j sides, and the path-ways in dry
fectual to stay women's courses. grounds.
And if this be true, as it is, then why Time.'] It flowers and flies away in the
should the vulgar so familiarly affirm, that Summer months.
eating nuts causes shortness of breath, than Government and virtues.] Saturn owns
which nothing is falser ? For, how can that it. Hawk-weed (saith Dioscorides) is cool-
|

which strengthens the lungs, cause shortness ing, somewhat drying and binding, and
I

of breath ? I confess, the opinion is far therefore good for the heat of the stomach,
i

older than I am I knexv tradition was a and gnawings therein ; for inflammations
friend to error before, but never that he and the hot fits of agues. The juice thereof
90 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
in wine, helps digestion, discusses wind, day, it rather shews the superstition of
hinders crudities abiding in the stomach, those that observe it for the time of its
and helps the difficulty of making water, flowering, than any great wonder, since
the biting of venomous serpents, and sting- the like may be found in divers other
j places
ing of the scorpion, if the herb be also of this land as in Whey -street in Romney
;

outwardly applied to the place, and is very Marsh, and near unto Nantwich in Che-
good against all other poisons. A
scruple shire, by a place called White Green, where
of the dried root given in wine and vine- it flowers about Christmas and May. If
gar, is profitable for those that have the the weather be frosty, it flowers not until
dropsy. The decoction of the herb taken \ January, or that the hard weather be over,
in honey, digests the phlegm in the chest Government and virtues.
? It is a tree of
~\

or lungs, and with Hyssop helps the cough. Mars. I The seeds in the berries beaten to
The decoction thereof, and of wild Sue- j powder being drank in wine, are held sin-
cory, made with wine, and taken, helps the gularly good against the stone, and are good
wind cholic and hardness of the spleen ; it for the dropsy. The distilled water of the
procures rest and sleep, hinders venery flowers stav the lask. The seed cleared
and venerous dreams, cooling heats, purges from the down, bruised and boiled in wine,
the stomach, increases blood, and helps and drank, is good for inward tormenting
the diseases of the icins and bladder. Out- pains. If cloths or sponges be wet in the
wardly applied, it is singularly good for distilled water, and applied to any place
all the defects and diseases of the
eyes, used wherein thorns and splinters, or the like,
with some women's milk; and used wilh do abide in the flesh, it will notably draw
good success in fretting or
creeping ulcers, them forth.

especially in the beginning. The green And thus you see the thorn gives a medi-
leaves bruised, and with a little salt ap- cine for its own pricking, and so dotli
plied to any place burnt with fire, before almost every thing else.
'

blisters do rise, helps them ; as also in :

flammat'ons, St. Anthony's fire, and all j HEMLOCK.
pushes and eruptions, hot and salt phlegm. j

The same applied with meal and fair waters Descnpt.~\ THE common great Hemlock
in manner of a poultice, to any
place af- grows up with a green stalk, four or five
\

fected with convulsions, the cramp, and feet high, or more, full of red spots some-
j

such as are out af joint, cloth give help and j times, and at the joints very large winged
ease. The distilled water cleanses the skin, heaves set at them, which are divided into
and takes away freckles, spots, morphew, many other winged leaves, one set against
or wrinkles in the face.
jthe other,
dented about the edges, of a sad
HAWTHORN. 1

i
^
e n colour branched towards the lop,
Avhere it is full of umbels of white flowers,
IT is not my intention to trouble you iand afterwards with whitish flat seed The :

with a description of this tree, which is so \

root long, white, and sometimes crooked,
is
well known that it needs none. It is ordi- 1 and hollow within. The whole plant, and
narily but a hedge bush, although being! every part, has a strong, heady, and ill-
pruned and dressed, it grows to a tree of j
savoured scent, much offending the senses
:i reasonable It grows in all counties of this
height. Place.']
As for the Hawthorn Tree at Glastonbury, i
by walls and hedge-sides, in waste
land,
which is said to flower yearly on Christmas- and untilled places.
j grounds
 PLATE 1O.

Lon^rooted Hawlcweed Heart s Eas e Hounds Tong-ue

Her"b Rotert "Marsh Perm -y wort "White Horetound

Mi- ri bane '1 r\ielo ve Hemlo ck:

THOMAS KE1.I.Y, LONDON.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 91

Time.'] It flowers and seeds in July, or $

thereabouts.
Government and virtues.~\ Saturn claims! THIS is so well known to every good
dominion over this herb, yet I wonder why housewifej in the country, fhat I shall noi
it may not be applied to the privities in a \ need to write any description of it.
It is sown in the very end of
Priapism, or continual standing of the yard, TimeJ] i

it being very beneficial to that disease I March, or beginning of April, and is ripe
; :

suppose, my author's judgment was in August or September,

first !

upon the opposite disposition of Saturn to j Government and virtues.'] It is a plant of

Venus in those faculties, and therefore he Saturn, and good for something else, you
j

forbade the applying of it to those parts, see, than to make halters only. The seed
!

that it might not cause barrenness, or spoil of Hemp consumes wind, and by too much
\

the spirit procrealive which if it do, yet use thereof disperses it so much that it
; \

applied to the privities, it stops its lustful f dries up the

natural seed for procreation ;

thoughts. Hemlock is
exceedingly cold, yet, being
|
boiled in milk and taken, helps
and very dangerous, especially to be taken such as have a hot dry cough. The Dutch
\

inwardly. It may safely be applied to in- \ make an emulsion out of the seed, and give
flammations, tumours, and swellings in any it with good success to those that have the
j

part of the body (save the privy parts) as \ jaundice, especially in the beginning of the
also to St. Anthony's wheals, pushes,
fire, \
disease, if there be no ague accompanying
and creeping ulcers that arise of hot sharp j
it, for it opens obstructions of the gall, and

humours, by cooling and repelling the heat; of choler. The emulsion

causes digestion
|

the leaves bruised and laid to ihe brow or the seed stays lasks and
or decoction of
j

forehead aie good for their eyes that are red |

eases the cholic, and allays
continual fluxes,
and swollen; as also to take away a pin |
humours in the bowels,
the troublesome
and web growing in the eye; this is a tried \
and stays bleeding at the mouth, nose, or
medicine Take a small handful of this
:
{
other places, some of the leaves being fried
herb, and half so much bay salt, beaten j
with the blood of them that bleed, and so
together, and applied to the contrary wrist I
given them to eat. It is held very good to
of the hand, for 24 hours, doth remove it kill the worms in men or beasts ; and the
j
in thrice dressing. If the root thereof be j juice dropped into the ears kills worms in
roasted under the embers, wrapped in dou- ! them ; and draws forth earwigs, or other
ble wet paper, until it be soft and tender, { living creatures gotten into them. The de-
and then applied to the gout in the hands coction of the root allays inflammations of
j

or fingers, it will quickly help this evil, the- head, or any other parts: the herb it-
j

If any through mistake eat the herb Hern- self, or the distilled water thereof doth the
j
look instead of Parsley, or the roots in- j like. The decoction of the root eases the
stead of a Parsnip (both of which it is very pains of the gout, the hard humours of
j

like) whereby happens a kind of frenzy, or knots in the joints, the pains and shrinking
1

perturbation of the senses, as if they were of the sinews, and the pains of the hips,
|

stupid and drunk, the remedy is (as Pliny i The fresh juice mixed with a little oil and
saith) to drink of the best and strongest i butter, is good for any place that hath been
pure wine, before it strikes to the heart, or! burnt with fire, being thereto applied
Gentian put in wine, or a draught of vine- 1
gar, wherewith Tragus doth affirm, that he \

cured a woman that had eaten the root. Descnpt.'] OUR common Henbane has
B B
P2 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
very large, thick, soft, woolly leaves, lying found without it growing by it.
:
Ergo, it
on the ground, much cut in, or torn on the is an herb of Saturn. The leaves of Hei.-
j

edges, of a dark, ill greyish green colour ;, bane do cool all hot inflammations in the
among which arise up divers thick and eyes, or any other part of the body; and
|

short stalks, two or three feet high, spread are good to assuage all manner of swellings
|

into divers small branches, with lesser leaves of the privities, or women's breast, or else-
\

on them, and many hollow flowers, scarce where, if they be boiled in wine, and either
j

appearing above the husk, and usually torn applied themselves, or the fomentation
j

on one side, ending in five round points, warm; it also assuages the pain of the gout,
j

growing one above another, of a deadishjthe sciatica, and other pains in the joints
yellowish colour, somewhat paler towards which arise from a hot cause. And applied
?

the edges, with many purplish veins with vinegar to the forehead and temples,
|

therein, and of a dark, yellowish purples helps the head-ache and want of sleep in
in the bottom of the flower, with a small jhot fevers. The juice of the herb or seed,
point of the same colour in the middle, or the
j
oil drawn from the seed, does the
each of them standing in a hard close husk, | like. The oil of the seed is helpful for
which after the flowers are past, grow very deafness, noise, and worms in the ears,
i

like the husk of Asarabacca, and some- being dropped therein the juice of the
;

what sharp at the top points, wherein is herb or root doth the same. The decoction
contained much small seed, very like Poppy of the herb or seed, or both, kills lice in
seed, but of a dusky, greyish colour. The \ man or beast. The fume of the dried herb,
root is great, white, and thick, branching j
stalks and seed, burned, quickly heals
forth divers ways under ground, so like a |
swellings, chilblains or kibes in the hands
Parsnip root (but that it is not so white) j or feet, by holding them in the fume there-
thai it has deceived others. The whole plant j of. The remedy to help those that have
more than the root, has a very heavy, ill, j taken Henbane is to drink goat's milk,
soporiferous smell, somewhat offensive. j honeyed water,
or pine kernels, with sweet
Placed] It commonly grows by the way- j wine ; or, in the absence of these, Fennel
sides, and under hedge-sides and walls. j
seed, Nettle seed, the seed of Cresses,
also Onions or
Time.~\ It flowers in July, and springs Mustard, or Radish ; as
|

again yearly of its own seed. I doubt my Garlic taken in wine, do all help to free
authors mistook July for June, if not for them from danger, and restore them to their
*

May. I due temper again.

Government and virtues^] I wonder how
Take notice, that this herb must never
|

astrologers could take on them to make this be taken inwardly ; outwardly,

; an oil oint-
an herb of Jupiter; and yet Mizaldus, ajment, or plaister of it, is most admirable
man of a penetrating brain, was of that? for the gout, to cool the veneral heat of the
opinion as well as the rest the herb is in- reins in the French pox ; to stop the tooth-
;
\

deed under the dominion of Saturn, and ache, being applied to the aching side: to
|

I prove it by this argument All the herbs allay all inflammations, and to help the
:
j

which delight most to grow in saturnine j diseases before premised,

places are saturnine herbs. Both
Hen-j HEDGE
bane delights most to grow in saturnine
places, and whole cart loads of it may be
D i VEERS sorts there are of this plant ;

found near the places where they empty the the first of which is an Italian by birth, and
common Jakes, and scarce a ditch to be only nursed up here in the gardens of the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 98

curious. three sorts are found com- Bear's-foot, Christinas-herb, and Christmas-
Two or
monly growing wild here, the description flowers.
of two of which I shall give you. Descript."] It hath sundry fair green

Descript.'] The first is a smooth, low f leaves rising from the root, each of them
plant, not a foot high, very bitter in taste, j standing about
an handful high from the
with many square stalks, diversly branched 1 earth; each leaf is divided into seven, eight,
from the bottom to the top, with divers $ or nine parts, dented from the middle of
joints, and two small leaves at each joint, \ the leaf to the point on
both sides, abiding
broader at the bottom than they are at the I green all the Winter ; about Christmas-
end, a little dented about the edges, of a; time, if the weather beany thing temperate,
sad green colour, and full of veins. The the flowers appear upon foot stalks, also
j

flowers stand at the joints, being of a fair i consisting of five large, round, white leaves
purple colour, with some white spots in la-piece, which sometimes are purple towards
them, in fashion like those of dead nettles, uhe edges, with many pale yellow thumbs
The seed is small and yellow, and the roots i in the middle ; the seeds are divided into
spread much under ground. j
several cells, like those of Columbines,
The second seldom half a foot save only that they are greater
grows |
the seeds ;

high, sending up many small branches, are in colour black, and in form long
> and
whereon grow many small leaves, set one round. The root consists
|
of numberless
against the other, somewhat broad, but blackish strings all united into
\
one head,
very short. The flowers are like the flowers i There is another Black Hellebore, which
of the other fashion, but of a pale reddish grows up and down in the woods very like
j

colour. The seeds are small and yellowish. | this, but only that the leaves are smaller
The root spreads like the other, neither will and narrower, and perish in the Winter,
j

it yield to its fellow one ace of bitterness.

which this doth not.
I

Place.~] They grow wet low in

grounds, Place.~] The first is maintained in gar-
\

and by the water-sides the last may be dens. The second is commonly found in
; 5

found among the bogs on Hampstead Heath, the woods in Northamptonshire.

j

Time.'] They flower in June or July, \ The first flowers in December

Time.']
and the seed ripe presently after.
is
jor January; the second in February or
Government and
virtues.'] They are herbs ! March.

of Mars, and as choleric and churlish as \ Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of

he is, being most violent purges, especially | Saturn, and therefore no marvel if it has
of choler and phlegm. It is not safe taking j some sullen conditions with it, and would
them inwardly, unless they be well rectified \ be far safer, being purified by the art of the
by the art of the alchymist, and only the | alchymist than given raw. If any have
purity of them given; so used they may be? taken harm by taking it, the common
any
very helpful both for the dropsy, gout, cure is to take goat's milk
If you cannojt
:

and sciatica outwardly used in ointments

;
get goat's milk, you must make a shift with
they kill worms, the belly anointed with it, such as you can get. The roots are very
and are excellently good to cleanse old and effectual against all melancholy diseases,
as
filthy ulcers especially such as are of long standing,
! quartan agues and madness ; it helps the
BLACK HELLEBORE. j falling sickness,
the leprosy, both the yel-
;
low and black jaundice, the gout, sciatica,
IT is also called Setter-wort, Setter-grass, j
and convulsions ; and this was found out
94 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
by experience, stay blood, where or howsoever flowing
that the root of that which j it ,

grows wild in our country, works not so

\ speedily heals all green wounds, and is
churlishly as those do which are brought! effectual in old ulcers in the privy parts, or
from beyond sea, as being maintained by \ elsewhere. You may persuade yourself
a more temperate air. The root used as this is true, and also conceive a good reason
a pessary, provokes the terms exceedingly ; for it, do but consider it is an herb of
also being beaten into powder, and strewed Venus, for all it hath a man's name.
upon foul ulcers, consumes the dead
it

and instantly heals them; nay, ii\

j HERB TRUE-LOVE, OR ONE-BERRY.
flesh,
will help gangrenes in the beginning, i
Descript.~] ORDINARY Herb True-love
Twenty grains taken inwardly is a sufficient has a small creeping root running under the
dose for one time, and let that be corrected uppermost crust of the ground, somewhat
with half so much cinnamon ; country peo- like couch grass root, but not so white,

ple used to rowel their cattle with it. If a shooting forth stalks with leaves, some
beast be troubled with a cough, or have whereof carry no berries, the others do;
taken any poison, they bore a hole through every stalk smooth without joints, and
the ear, and put a piece of the root in it, blackish green, rising about half a foot high,
t r . 1 i .1 -t
i t *
1
this will help him in 24 hours time. Many \if it bear berries, otherwise seldom so high,
other uses farriers put it to which I shall bearing at the top four leaves set directly
forbear. one against another, in manner of a cross
or ribband tied (as it is called in a true-
HERB ROBERT. loves knot,) which are each of them apart
THE Herb Robert is held in great esti- somewhat like unto a night-shade leaf, but
mation by farmers, who use it in diseases somewhat broader, having sometimes three
of their cattle. leaves, sometimes five, sometimes six, and
Descript.] It rises up with a reddish those sometimes greater than in others, in
stalk two feet high, having divers leaves the middle of the four leaves rise up one
thereon, upon very long nnd reddish foot- small slender stalk, about an inch high,
stalks, divided at the ends into three or bearing at the lops thereof one flower spread
five divisions, each of them cut in on the open like a star, consisting of four small

edges, which sometimes turn reddish. At and long narrow pointed leaves of a yellow-
;

the tops of the stalks come forth divers ish green colour, and four others lying
flowers made of five leaves, much larger between them lesser than they ; in the mid-
than the Dove's-foot, and of a more reddish dle whereof stands a round dark purplish
colour; after which come black heads, as in button or head, compassed about with
others. The root is small and thready, eight small yellow mealy threads with three
and smells, as the whole plant, very strong, colours, making it the more conspicuous,
almost stinking. j
and lovely to behold. This button or head
PlaceJ] This grows frequently every j in the middle, when the other leaves are
where by the way-sides, upon ditch banks: withered, becomes a blackish purple berry,
and waste grounds wheresoever one goes. full of juice, of the bigness of a reasonable

TimeJ] It flowers in June and July grape, having within it many white seeds.
and the seed is ripe shortly after.
chiefly, The whole plant is without any manifest
Government and virtue*.] It is under the taste.
dominion of Venus. Herb Robert is PlaceJ] It grows in woods and copses,
com-j
mended not only against the stone, but to land sometimes in the corners or borders of
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 05

fields, and waste grounds in very many Hyssop boiled with rue and honey, and
\

places of this land, and abundantly in the drank, helps those that are troubled with
\

woods, copses, and other places about coughs, shortness of breath, wheezing and
\

Chislehurst and Maidslone in Kent. rheumatic distillation upon the lungs taken
j
;

Time.'] They spring up in the middle of! also with oxymel, it purges gross humours
April or May, and are in flower soon after. by stool ; and with honey, kills worms in
;

The berries are ripe in the end of May, the belly; and with fresh and new figs
;

and in some places in June. bruised, helps to loosen the belly, and more
J

Government and virtues.] Venus owns it; I forcibly if the root of Flower-de-luce and
the leaves or berries hereof are effectual to cies^es be added thereto. It amends and

expel poison of all sorts, especially that of cherishes the native colour of the body,
the aconites; as also, the plague, and other spoiled by the yellow jaundice; and being
pestilential disorders; Matthiolus saith, that 5 taken with figs and nitre, helps the dropsy
some that have lain long in a lingering sick- and spleen; being boiled with wine, it is
ness, and others that by witchcraft (as it good to wash inflammations, and takes
was thought) were become half foolish, by away the black and blue spots and marks
taking a dram of the seeds or berries hereof that come by strokes, bruises, or falls, being
together, applied with warm water. It is an excellent
in powder every day for 20 days :

were restored to their former health. The \ medicine for the quinsy, or swellings in
roots in powder taken in wine eases the the throat, to wash and gargle it, being
j

pains of the cholic speedily. The leaves boiled in figs; it helps the tooth-ache, being
i

are very effectual as well for green wounds, boiled in vinegar and gargled therewith,
5

as to cleanse and heal up filthy old sores j The hot vapours of the decoction taken by
and ulcers; and is very powerful to discuss a funnel in at the ears, eases the inflam ma-
i

all tumours and

swellings in the privy tions and singing noise of them.
I
Being
parts, the groin, or in any part of the body, jbruised, and salt, honey, and cummin seed
and speedily to allay all inflammations, put to it, helps those that are stung by
j
The juice of the leaves applied to felons, or serpents. The oil thereof (the head being
4

those nails of the hands or toes that have anointed) kills lice, and takes away itching
j

imposthumes or sores gathered together at of the head. It helps those that have the
>

it be
falling sickness, which way soever
the roots of them, heals them in a short J

space. The herb is not to be described for applied. It helps to expectorate tough
J

the premises, but is fit to be nourished in phlegm, and is effectual in all cold griefs
j

every good woman's garden. :or diseases of the chests or lungs, being
;taken either in syrup or licking medicine,
|
The green herb bruised and a little sugar
HYSSOP is so Avell known to be an inha-jput thereto, doth quickly heal any cut or
bitant in every garden, that it will save me! green wounds, being thereunto applied,
labour in writing a description thereof. The 1
virtues are as follow. HOPS.
Government and virtues.] The herb is \

Jupiter's, and the sign Cancer. It strengthens \ THESE are so well known that they need
description ; I mean the manured kind,
ali the of the under Cancer and no
parts bod}' j
I

Jupiter; which what they may be, is found which every good husband or housewife is
>

amply described in my astrological judg- \ acquainted with.

ment of diseases. Dioscorides saith, that
'

Descript] The wild hop grows up as the

c c
9(5 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
other doth, ramping upon trees or hedges, j

that stand next to them, with rough branches i

and leaves like the former, but it gives i THERE are two kinds of Horehound.
smaller heads, and in far less, plenty than ! the white and the black The black sor
it, so that there is
scarcely a head or two >
is likewise called Hen-bit ; but the white
seen in a year on divers of this wild kind, I one is here spoken of.
wherein consists the chief difference. Descript.~] Common Horehound grows
P/ace.] They delight to grow in low | up with square hairy a yard or
stalks, half
moist grounds, and are found in all parts two feet high, set at the joints with two
|

of this land. \
round crumpled rough leaves of a sullen
TimeJ] They spring not until April, and hoary green colour, of a reasonable good
1

flower not until the latter end of June the j scent, but a very bitter taste.
; The flowers
heads are not gathered until the middle or are small, white, and gaping, set in a rough,
1

latter end of September.

jhard prickly husk round about the joints,
Government and virtues.'] It is under the I with the leaves from the middle of the
dominion of Mars. This, in physical stalk upward, wherein afterward is found
{

operations, is to open obstructions of the small round blackish seed. The root is
liver and spleen, to cleanse the blood, to blackish, hard and woody, with many
loosen the belly, to cleanse the reins from strings, and abides many years,
j

gravel, and provoke urine. The decoc-j Place.] It is found in many parts of
tion of the tops of Hops, as well of the this land, in dry grounds, and waste green
|

tame as the wild, works the same effects, j places.

In cleansing the blood they help to cure \ Time.'] It flowers in July, and the seed
the French diseases, and all manner of Us ripe in August,
scabs, itch, and other breakings-out of the \
Government and virtues.] It is an herl
body ; as also all tetters, ringworms, arid of Mercury. A decoction of the dried
spreading sores, the morphew and all dis- herb, with the seed, or the juice of the

colouring of the skin. The decoction of \ green herb taken with honey, is a remed)
the flowers and hops, do help to expel* for those that are short-winded, have a
poison that any one hath drank. Half a j cough, or are fallen into a consumption,
dram of the seed in powder taken in drink, i either through long sickness, or thin dis-
kills worms in the body, brings down \ of rheum upon the lungs. It helps
tillations
women's courses, and expels urine. A
syrup |
to expectorate tough phlegm from the chest,
made of the juice and sugar, cures the yel-j being taken from the roots of Iris or Orris,
low jaundice, eases the head-ache thatcomes \ It is given to women to bring down their
of heat, and tempers the heat of the liver courses, to expel the after-birth, and to
j

and stomach, and is profitably given in >

them that have taken poison, or are slung
long and hot agues that rise in choler and i or bitten by venemous serpents. The leaves
blood. Both the wild and the manured used with honey, purge foul ulcers, stay
are of one property, and alike effectual in running or creeping sores, and the growing
5

all the aforesaid diseases.

By all these of the flesh over the nails. It also helps
j

testimonies beer appears to be better than pains of the sides.

j
The juice thereof with
ale.
|
wine and honey, helps to clear the eye-
Mars owns the plant, and then Dr. Rea-; sight, and snuffed up into the nostrils,
son will tell you how it performs these \ purges away the yellow-jaundice, and with
actions. ]a little oil of roses dropped into the ears,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. D/

eases the pains of them. Galen saith, itj Time.'] They spring up in April, and
both of the liver and their
opens obstructions blooming catkins in July, seeding for
>

spleen, and purges the breast and lungs of the most part in August, and then perish
phlegm and used outwardly
:
it both down to the ground, rising afresh in the
i

cleanses and digests. A decoction of Hore- i

Spring.
hound (saith Matthiolus) is available fort Government and virtues.'] The herb be-
those that have hard livers, and for such as 5
longs to Saturn, yet is very harmless, and
have itches and running tetters. The pow- excellently good for the things following :
der hereof taken, or the decoction, kills Horsetail, the smoother rather than the
worms. The greenleaves bruised, and rough, and the leaves rather than the bare,
|
boiled in old hog's grease into an most physical. It is very powerful to
oint-jis
nient, heals the biting of dogs, abates the staunch bleeding either inward or outward,
swellings and pains that come by any the juice or the decoction thereof being
pricking of thorns, or such like means and drank, or the juice, decoction, or distilled
;

used with vinegar, cleanses and heals tetters. water applied outwardly. It also stays all
There is a syrup made of Horehound to be sorts of lasks and fluxes in man or woman-
had at the apothecaries, very good for old and bloody urine and heals also not onl_y ;

coughs, to rid the tough phlegm; as also' the inward ulcers, and the excoriation oi
to void cold rheums from the lungs of the entrails, bladder, &c. but all other sorts-
old|
folks, and for those that are asthmatic on of foul, moist and running ulcers, and soon
short-winded. \
solders together the tops of green wounds.

HOlxoJbTAI L.
Jit cures
.
all
i
ruptures
r ...
in children. The de-
,

coction thereof in wine being drank, pro-

,

OF that there are many kinds, but I shall j

vokes urine, and helps the stone and stran-
not trouble you nor myself with any large omary; and the distilled water thereof drank
'_ /--! 1*1 1
1

description of them, which to do, were two or three times in a day, and a small
but, as the proverb is, To find a knot in a quantity at a time, also eases the bowels,
rush, ail the kinds thereof being nothing land is effectual against a cough that comes
else but knotted rushes, some with leaves, by distillations from the head. The juice
j

and some without. Take the description of O r distilled water being warmed, and hot
!

the most eminent sort as follows. inflammations, pustules or red wheals, and
j

Descript.] The great Horsetail at the* other breakings-out in the skin, being
first
springing has heads somewhat like bathed|
therewith, doth help them, and doth
those of asparagus, and afterwards grow to be no less the
j swelling heat and inflammation
hard, rough, hollow stalks, jointed at sundry j o f the lower parts in men and women,
places up to the top, a foot high, so made :

as if the lower parts were put into

HOUSELEEK OR SENCREEN
the}
upper, where grow on each side a bush of { BOTH these are so well known to my
small long rush-like hard leaves, each part ! countrymen, that I shall not need to write
them,
resembling a horsetail, from whence it is so j any description of
called. At the tops of the stalks cornej Place.] It grows commonly upon walls
forth small catkins, like those of trees. The and house-sides, and flowers in July,
|

root creeps under ground, having joints at \ Government and virtues.~\ It is an herb
sundry places. |
of Jupiter, and it is reported by Mezaldus,
Placed] This (as most of the other sorts ; to preserve what grows upon from fire
it

hereof; grows in wet grounds. ! and lightning. Our ordinary Houseleek is

98 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
good for all inward heats as well as out- which consist of small purplish red leaves
ward, and in the eyes or other parts of the of a dead colour, rising out of the husks
body ; a posset made with the juice of wherein they stand with some threads in
Houseleek, is singularly good in all hot the middle. It has sometimes a white

agues, for it cools and tempers the blood flower. After the flowers are past, there
and spirits, and quenches the thirst; and comes rough flat seed, with a small pointle
*
also good to stay all hot deductions or sharp in the middle, easily
cleaving to any gar-
and salt rheums in the eyes, the juice being >ment that it touches, and not so easily
dropped into them, or into the ears. J pulled off again. The root is black, thick,
It helps also other fluxes of humours in the i and long, hard to break, and full of clammy
bowels, and the immoderate courses ofi juice, smelling somewhat strong, of an evil
women. It cools and restrains all other hot \ scent, as the leaves also do.
inflammations, St. Anthony's fire, scald-
j Place.'] It grows in moist places of this

ings and burnings, the fretting! land, in waste grounds, and untillecl places,
shingles,
ulcers, cankers, tettors, ringworms, and the! by highway sides, lanes, and hedge-sides,
like; and much eases the pains of the gout| Time.~\ It flowers about May or June,

proceeding from any hot cause. The juice j and the seed is ripe shortly after,
also takes away worts and corns in
the] Government and virtues.'] It is a plant
hands or feet, being often bathed therewith, under the dominion of Mercury. The root
and the skin and leaves being laid on them is very effectually used in pills, as well as
afterwards. It eases also the head-ache, the decoction, or otherwise, to stay all
sharp
and distempered heat of the brain in and thin defluxionsof rheum from the head
frenzies, or through want of sleep, being into the eyes or nose, or upon the stomach
applied to the temples and forehead. The or lungs, as also for coughs and shortness
leaves bruised and laid upon the crown or of breath. The leaves boiled in wine (saith
seam of the head, stays bleeding at the nose j Dioscorides, but others do rather appoint it
very quickly. The distilled water of the | to be made with water, and add therelo
herb is profitable for all the purposes afore- oil and salt) molifies or opens the belly
said. The leaves being gently rubbed on downwards. It also helps to cure the biting
any place stung with nettles or bees, doth of a mad dog, some of the leaves being also
quickly take away the pain. .applied to the wound The leaves bruised, :

or the juice of them boiled in hog's lard,

HOUND S TONGUE. |

Jand applied, helps falling away of the hair,

Descript.~\ THE great ordinary Hound's which comes of hot and sharp humours ;

Tongue has many long and somewhat as also for any place that is scalded or
narrow, soft, hairy, darkish green leaves, burnt the leaves bruised and laid to any
;

lying on the ground, somewhat like unto green wound doth heal it up quickly the :

Bugloss leaves, from among which rises root baked under the embers, wrapped in
up a rough hairy stalk about two feet high, paste or wet paper, or in a wet double cloth
with some smaller leaves thereon, and; and thereof a suppository made, and put
branched at the tops into divers parts, with up into or applied to the fundament, doth
a small leaf at the foot of every branch, very effectually help the painful piles or
which is somewhat long, with man}' flowers haemorrhoids. The distilled water of the
set along the same, which branch is crooked herbs and roots is very good to all the pur-
or turned inwards before it flowers, and j poses aforesaid, to be used as well inwardly
opens by degrees as the flowers blow, to drink,
|
as outwardly to wash any sore
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 99

for heals all manner of wounds and a-piece, with many yellow threads in the
it
place,
punctures,
and those foul ulcers that arise j middle, which being bruised do yield a red-
that dish juice like blood after which come
by the French pox. Mizaldus adds ;

the leaves laid under the feet, will keep the small rownd heads, wherein is contained
j

It is called Ismail blackish seed smelling like rosin.

dogs from barking at you.
because it ties the tongues The root is hard and woody, with divers
Hound's-tongue, j

of hounds whether true, or not, I never j strings and fibres at it, of a brownish colour,
;

tried, yet I cured the biting of a mad dog j which

abides in the ground many years,
with this only medicine. ( shooting
anew every Spring.
Place.! This grows in woods and copses,
HOLLY, HOLM, OR HULVER BUSH.
Qpen
FOR to describe a tree so well known is sun.
needless. Time.'] They flower about Midsummer
Government and virtues.']
The tree and July, and their seed
is
j
is
ripe in the latter
Saturnine. The berries expel wind, and end of July or August.
5

therefore are held to be profitable in the }

Government and virtues.] It is under the
cholic. The berries have a strong faculty J celestial sign Leo, and the dominion of the
with them ; for if you eat a dozen of them ! Sun. It may be, if you meet a Papist, he
in the morning fasting when they are ripe will tell you, especially if he be a lawyer,
j

and not dried, they purge the body of gross that St. John made it over to him by a
j

and clammy phlegm but if you dry the

: letter of attorney. It is a singular wound
j

berries, and beat them into powder, they | herb boiled in wine and drank, it heals
;

bind the body, and stop fluxes, bloody- inward hurts or bruises made into an oint-
;

fluxes, and the terms in women. The bark ment, it open obstructions, dissolves swell-
of the tree, and also the leaves, are excel- ings, and closes up the lips of wounds. The
lently good, being used in fomentations for decoction of the herb and flowers, especi-
broken bones, and such members as are out ally of the seed, being drank in wine, with
|

of joint. Pliny saith, the branches of the the juice of knot-grass, helps all manner of
$

tree defend houses from lightning, and men vomiting and spitting of blood, is good for
?

from witchcraft. those that are bitten or stung by any veno-

, Imous creature, and for those that cannot
make water. Two drams of the seed of
THIS is a very beautiful shrub, and is! St. John's Wort made into powder, and
a great ornament to our meadows. drank in a little broth, doth gently expel
I

Descript.'] Common St. John's Wortjcholer or congealed blood in the stomach,

shoots forth brownish, upright, hard, round The decoction of the leaves and seeds
!

stalks, two feet high, spreading many drank somewhat warm before the fits of
I

branches from the sides up to the tops of; agues, whether they be tertains or quartans,
them, with two small leaves set one again sti alters the fits, and, by often using, doth
another at every place, which are of a deep take them quite away. The seed is much
5

green colour, somewhat like the leaves of commended, being drank for forty days
\

the lesser Centaury, but narrow, and full of to help the sciatica, the falling-
^together,
small holes in every leaf, which cannot be sickness, and the palsy,
|

so well perceived, as when they are held up

]
to the light at the tops of the stalks and |
;

branches stand yellow flowers of five leaves

\
IT is so well known to every child
D D
100 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
almost, to in woods upon the trees, f and nose, and
grow curing the ulcers and stench
and upon the stone walls of churches, | therein ; the same dropped into the ears,
houses, &c. and sometimes to grow alone of helps the old and running sores of them ;
j

itself, though but seldom, those that are troubled with the spleen,
j

Time.']
It flowers not until July, and! shall find much ease by continual
drinking
the berries are not ripe till Christmas, when \ out of a cup made of Ivy, so as the drink
-ii/i.TTr*/ .

they have felt Winter frosts. may stand some small time therein before
Government and virtues."] It is under the it be drank. Cato saith, That wine
;

put
dominion of Saturn. A pugil of the flowers, into such a cup, will soak through it, by
which may be about a dram, (saith Diosco- j reason of the antipathy that is between
corides) drank twice a day in red wine, them. j

helps the lask, and bloody flux. It is an

j
There seems to be a very great antipathy
enemy to the nerves and sinews, being j between wine and Ivy for if one hath
;
got
much taken inwardly, but very helpful a surfeit by drinking of wine, his speediest
|

to them, being outwardly applied. Pliny j cure is to drink a draught of the same wine
saith, the yellow berries are good against wherein a handful of Ivy leaves, being first
;

the jaundice ; and taken before one be set \ bruised, have been boiled,
to drink hard, preserves from drunkenness, \
and helps those that spit blood; and that*
the white berries being taken inwardly, or; FOB to give a description of a bush so
applied outwardly, kills the worms in the; commonly known is needless,
belly. The berries are a singular remedy j Place.'] They grow plentifully in divers
to prevent the plague, as also to iree them j woods in Kent, Warney common near
from it that have got it, by drinking the ! Brent wood in Essex, upon Finchley Corn-
berries thereof made in to a powder, fortwoimon without High gate ; hard by the New-
or three days together. They being taken j found Wells near Dulwich, upon a Common
in wine, do certainly help to break the {between Mitcham and Crpydon, in the
stone, provoke urine, and women's courses, j Highgate near Amersham in Buckingham*
The fresh leaves of Ivy, boiled in vinegar, I shire, and many other places,
and applied warm to the sides of those that \ Time.'] The berries are not ripe the first
are troubled with the spleen, ache, or stitch 1 year, but continue green two Summers and
in the sides, do give much ease : The same] one Winter before they are ripe at which
;

applied with some Rosewater, and oil of time they are all of a black colour, and
j

Roses, to the temples and forehead, eases therefore you shall always find upon the
j

the head-ache, though it be of long con- bush green berries

\ ; the berries are ripe
tinuance. The fresh leaves boiled in wine, I about the fall of the leaf,
and old filthy ulcers hard to be cured \
Government and virtues.'] This admirable
washed therewith, do wonderfully help to solar shrub is scarce to be paralleled for its
;
(

cleanse them. It also quickly heals green virtues.

$
The berries are hot in the third
wounds, and is effectual to heal all burnings 1 degree, and dry but in the first, being a
and scaldings, and all kinds of exulcera- { most admirable counter-poison, and as great
tions coming thereby, or by salt phlegm or a resister of the pestilence, as any growing
{ ;

humours in other parts of the body. The they are excellent good against the bi tings
j

juice of the berries or leaves snuffed up into of venomous beasts, they provoke urine
the nose, purges the head and brain of thin t exceedingly, and therefore are very avail-
rheum that makes defluxions into the eyes able to dysuries and stranguaries. It is so
;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 10!

powerful a remedy against the dropsy, that j

on, usually not round as those below, but
the very lye made of the ashes of the herb i somewhat long, and divided at the edges :
the tops are somewhat divided into long
being drank, cures the disease. It provokes 1

the terms, helps the fits of the mother, branches, bearing a number of flowers, set
j

strengthens the stomach exceedingly, and round about a long spike one above another,
j

wind. Indeed there scarce a; which are hollow and like a little bell of a
expels the is

better remedy for wind in any part of the whitish

j
green colour, after which come
body, or the cholic, than the chymical oil j small heads, containing very small brownish
drawn from the berries ; such country seed, which falling on the ground, will
j

people as know not how draw the chy- plentifully spring up before Winter, if it
to :

mical oil, may content themselves by eating have moisture. The root is round and most
!

ten or a dozen of the ripe berries every usually smooth, greyish without, and white
I

morning fasting. They are admirably good within, having small fibres at the head of
;

for a cough, shortness of breath, and con-; the root, and bottom of the stalk,
sumption, pains in the belly, ruptures,! Place.'] grows very plentifully in
It
of this land, but especially in
cramps, and convulsions. They give safe j many places
and speedy delivery to women with child, j
all the west parts thereof, upon stone and

they strengthen the brain exceedingly, help {

mud walls, upon rocks also, and in stony
the memory, and fortify the sight by j places upon the ground, at the bottom of
strengthening the optic nerves ; are excel- old trees, and sometimes on the bodies of
>

lently good in all sorts of

agues ; help the them that are decayed and rotten,
:

gout and sciatica, and strengthen the limbs \ Time.'} It usually flowers in the begin-
of the body. The ashes of the wood is alning of May, and the seed ripening quickly
speedy remedy to such as have the scurvy, after, sheds itself; so that about the end or
\

to rub their gums with. The berries stay May, usually the stalks and leaves are
1

all fluxes,
help the haemorrhoids or piles, withered, dry, and gone until September,
?

and kill worms in children. A lye made! then the leaves spring up again, and so
of the ashes of the wood, and the body abide all winter.
\

bathed with it, cures the itch, scabs and ; Government and virtues.'] Venus chal-
leprosy. The berries break the stone, lenges the herb under Libra. The juice
>

procure appetite when it is lost, and are or the distilled water being drank, is very
\

excellently good for all palsies, and falling- 1 effectual for all inflammations and unnatural
sickness. heats, to cool a fainting hot stomach, a hot
*

KIDNEYWORf, OR WALL PENNYROYAL, J

OR WALL PENNYWORT.
^ ^^ ^^
* liver, or the bowels

heals pimples,
| St.
:

Q^^
the herb, juice, or dis-
}

Anthon/s firef and

Ued
other
Descript.'] IT has many thick, flat, and ! outward heats. The said juice or water
round leaves growing from the root, every helps to heal sore kidneys, torn or fretted
*

one having a long footstalk, fastened un- j by the stone, or exulcerated within ; it also
derneath, about the middle of it, and a provokes urine, is available for the dropsy,
j

littleunevenly weaved sometimes about the and helps to break the stone. Being used
J

edges, of a pale green colour, and some-? as a bath, or made into an ointment, it
what yellow on the upper side like a sau- cools the painful piles or haemorrhoida.
\

cer ; from among which arise one or more veins.. It is no less effectual to give ease
i

tender, smooth, hollow stalks half a foot j to the pains of the gout, the sciatica, and
high, with two or three small leaves there- \ helps the kernels or knots in the neck or
 102 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
throat, called the king's evil : healing kibes of the herb and roots in wine, and
applying
and chilblains if they be bathed with the the same outwardly to the place. It is
or anointed with ointment made singularly good in all
juice, running sores, can-
thereof, and some of the skin of the leaf cerous and fistulous, drying up of the mois-
upon them: it is also used in green wounds ture, and healing them up so gently, with-
to stay the blood, and to heal them quickly. out sharpness; it doth the like to
miming
sores or scabs of the head or other
parts.
KNAPWEED. i
It is of special use for the soreness of the
;throat, swelling of the uvula and jaws, and
DeacriptJ] THE common sort hereof
j
excellently good to stay bleeding, and heal
has many long and somewhat dark green up all green wounds.
j

leaves, rising from the root, dented about

KNOTGRASS.
the edges, and sometimes a little rent or
torn on both sides in two or three places, IT is generally known so well that it
and somewhat hairy withal
;
amongst needs no description.
which arises a long round stalk, four or five Place.] It grows in every
county of
feet high, divided into many branches, at this land by the highway sides, and
by
the tops whereof stand great scaly green foot-paths in fields as also by the sides of
;

heads, and from the middle of them thrust old walls.

forth a number of dark purplish red thrumbs Time.'] It springs up late in the
Spring,
or threads, which after they are withered and abides until the Winter, when all the
and past, there are found divers black branches perish.
seeds, lying in a great deal of down, some- Government and virtues^] Saturn seems
what like unto Thistle seed, but smaller ; to me to own the herb, and yet some hold
the root is white, hard and woody, and divers the Sun; out of doubt 'tis Saturn. The
fibres annexed thereunto, which perishes of the common kind of Knotgrass
juice
not, but abides with leaves thereon all the is most effectual to stay bleeding of the
Winter, shooting out fresh every spring. mouth, being drank in steeled or red wine ;
It grows in most fields and mea- and the bleeding at the nose, to be
1 .1*1 i 111 applied
dows, and about their borders and hedges, \ to the forehead or temples, or to be squirted
and in many waste grounds also every up into the nostrils. It is no less effectual
i

where. '
lo cool and temper the heat of the blood

TimeJ] It usually flowers in June and; and stomach, and to stay any flux of the
July, and the seed is
ripe shortly after. i
blood and humours, as lasks, bloody-flux,
Government and virtues.'] Saturn chal- women's courses, and running of the reins,
i;

lenges the herb for his own. This Knap-i It is singularly good to provoke urine, help
weed helps to stay fluxes, both of blood at \ the stranguary, and allays the heat that
the mouth or nose, or other outward parts, comes thereby and is powerful by urine
j| ;

and those veins that are inwardly broken, | to expel the gravel or stone in the kidneys
or inward wounds, as also the fluxes of the and bladder, a dram of the powder of
belly; it stays distillation of thin and sharp the herb being taken in wine for many
humours from the head upon the stomach j days together. Being boiled in wine and
and lungs; it is good for those that are \ drank, it is profitable to those that are stung
bruised by any fall, blows or otherwise, and * or bitten by venemous creatures, and very
is
profitable for those that are bursten, and | effectual to stay all defluxions of rheumatic
have ruptures, by drinking the decoction | humours upon the stomach, and kills worms
 I' I. ATI-'. 11.

K 1 1 . i
p w ( i ( 1
I . ii <1 \'s Ma n 1 1 r-

Sen ! . n \ ,

I . M |
i io r icV-

fe u\- \Vil| f > w IHT h

i.ll V Of tin- \';il|

THOMAS KELLY. LONDON, in;-,;,

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 103

in tne belly or stomach, quiets inward pains { Time.'] It tiowers in May and June,
that arise from the heat, sharpness and cor- i abides after seedtime green all the Winter
Government and virtues.] Venus claims
ruption of blood and choler. The
distilled
\

water hereof taken by itself or with the \ the herb as her own. Ladies' Mantle it
powder of the herb or seed, is very effectual j,very proper for those wounds that have in-
to all the purposes aforesaid, and is ac- flammations, and is very effectual to stay
i

counted one of the most sovereign remedies bleeding, vomitings, fluxes of all sorts,
j

to cool all manner of inflammations, break- j bruises by falls or otherwise, and helps rup-
ing out through heat, hot swellings and i tures ; and such women as have large
imposthumes, gangrene and fistulous can- breasts, causing them to grow
I less and hard

kers, or foul filthy ulcers, being applied | being both drank and outwardly applied ;

or put into them ; but especially for all the distilled water drank for 20 days toge-
j

sorts of ulcers and sores happening in the ther helps conception, and to retain the
i

privy parts of men and women. It helps birth; if the women do sometimes also sit in
i

all fresh and green wounds, and speedily a bath made of the decoction of the herb.
i

heals them. The juice dropped into the \ It is one of the most singular wound herbs
ears, cleanses them being foul, and having that is, and therefore highly prized and
!j

running matter in them. praised by the Germans, who use it in all

i;

It is very prevalent for the premises as wounds inward and outward, to drink a de-
; i

also for broken joints and ruptures. coction thereof, and wash the wounds there-
, with, or dip tents therein, and put them
into the wounds, which wonderfully dries
DescriptJ] IT has many leaves rising up all humidity of the sores, and abates in-
from the root standing upon long hairy flammations tnerein. It quickly heals ali
foot-stalks, being almost round, and a little green wounds, not suffering any corruption
cut on the edges, into eight or ten parts, j to remain behind, and cures all old sores,
making it seem like a star, with so many though fistulous and hollow.
corners and points, and dented round about,
LAVENDER.
of a light green colour, somewhat hard in
handling, and as it were folded or plaited | BEING an inhabitant almost in every
at first, and then crumpled in divers places, garden, it is so well known, that it needs no
j

and a little hairy, as the stalk is also, which { description.

rises up among them to the height of two Time.']
It flowers about the end of June,
j
or three feet and being weak, is not able
;
> and beginning of July,
to stand upright, but bended to the ground, i Government and virtues.'] Mercury owns
divided at the top into two or three small the herb; and it carries his effects very po-
j
oranches, with small yellowish green heads, j tently. Lavender is of a special good use
and flowers of a whitish colour breaking out {
for all the griefs and pains of the head and
of them ; which being past, there comes a ; brain that proceed of a cold cause, as the
small yellowish seed like a poppy seed :
| apoplexy, falling-sickness, the dropsy, or
The root is somewhat long and black, with malady, cramps, convulsions,
sluggish
j

many strings and fibres thereat. palsies, and often faintings.

|
It strengthens

Place.] It grows naturally in many pas- the stomach, and frees

j
the liver and spleen
tures and wood sides in Hertfordshire, from obstructions, provokes women's courses,
i

Wiltshire, and Kent, and other places of and expels the dead child and after-birth,
j

this land. 'The 'flowers of Lavender steeped in wine,

E
104 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
helps them to make water that are stopped, DescriptJ] The root is composed of many
j

or are troubled with the wind or cholic, if small white threads from whence
|
spring up
the place be bathed therewith. A decoc- divers long stalks of winged leaves, consist-
j

tion made with the flowers of Lavender, $ ing of round, tender, dark, green leaves,
Hore-hound, Fennel and Asparagus root, set one against another upon a middle rib,
j

and a little Cinnamon, is very profitably the greatest being at the end, amongst
j

used to help the falling-sickness, and the which arise up divers tender, weak, round,
\

giddiness or turning of the brain to gar- green stalks, somewhat streaked, with lon-
:
1

gle the mouth with the decoction thereof ger and smaller leaves upon them; on the
5
.

is
good against the tooth-ache. Two tops of which stand flowers, almost like the
!

spoonfuls of the distilled water of the Stock Gilliflowers, but rounder, and not so
j

flowers taken, helps them that have lost long, of a blushing white colour; the seed
\

their voice, as also the tremblings and pas- is reddish, and grows to small branches,
j

sions of the heart, and faintings and swoon- i being of a sharp biting taste, and so has the
ing, not only being drank, but applied to herb. 5

the temples, or nostrils to be smelled unto ! Place.'] They grow in moist places, and
;

but it is not safe to use it where the body is near to brooksides. j

replete with blood and humours, because of Time.'] They flower in April and May,
|

the hot and subtile spirits wherewith it island the lower leaves continue green all the
possessed. The chymical oil drawn from Winter. \

Lavender, usually called Oil of Spike, is of Government and virtues.'] They are under
i

so fierce and piercing a quality, that it is \ the dominion of the Moon, and very little
cautiously to be used, some few drops being | inferior to Water Cresses in all their opera-
sufficient, to be given with other things, tions they are excellently good for the
5 ;

either for inward or outward griefs. i scurvy, they provoke urine, and break the
LAVENDER-COTTON. stone, and excellently warm a cold and
|

T weak stomach, restoring

u T ii J lost appetite, and
,
IT being a common
garden herb, I shall r
i
; , ,

c ^u j s i
forbear the description, only take notice,
.help digestion,
i
;

that it flowers in June and July. LETTUCE.

Government and virtues.-] It is under the .

JT g go weR kn
,
j, uged
aj]
dominion of Mercury. It resists poison,
& Sal]ad _ herb that together need-
^^ it is
\

putrefaction, and heals the biting of veno- wrke J descr ip t ion thereof,

^^
rnous beasts: A
dram of the powder of the
Gmemment md tues ^J The Moon
|
dried leaves taken every morning fasting
n t, and >
ig the reason th cool
stops the running of the reins in men, and j and moigten what heat and drvness/ Mars
whites in women.
powder, and taken
The seed beaten into
as worm-seed,
kilsthej^. and th
^^
becaue Marg hag hi fa in Can _
|

cool the heat because the

worms, not only in children but.also ,
m
jg un fuleg j between whom and the Moon
people of riper years ; the like doth the [g & tion in the generation of men, as
herb itself, being steeped in milk and the m
milk drank the body bathed with the de-
;

coction of it, helps scabs and itch.

j ou
^ ^.^
ma gee jn ^ Guide for Women>
& of Lettuce mixed or boiled with
RoscSj app]ied to the forchead and
LADIES-SMOCK, OR cucKow-FLo WER. j temples procures sleep, and eases the head-
THIS is a very pretty ornament to the! ache proceeding of an hot cause: Being
sides of most meadows. i eaten boiled, it helps to loosen the belly.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 105

It helps digestion, quenches thirst,

in-
j
great pools, and standing waters, and some-
creases milk in nurses, eases griping pains in | times in slow running rivers, and lesser
the stomach or bowels, that come of choler. ; ditches of water, in sundry places of this
Applied outwardly to 11.1* the region of the land.
. . * "
i 1

heart, liver or reins, or by bathing the said TimeJ] They flower most commonly
places with the juice of distilled water, about the end of May, and their seed is
wherein some white Sanders, or red Roses :
ripe in August.
are put ; not only represses the heat and | Government and virtues.] The herb is
inflammations therein, but comforts and j
under the dominion of the Moon, and there-
strengthens those parts, and also tempers fore cools and moistens like the former,
i

the heat of urine. Galen advises old men* The leaves and flowers of the Water Lilies
to use it with spice and where spices are tare cold and moist, but the roots and seeds
;

to add Mints, Rochet, and such are cold and dry ; the leaves do cool all
'

wanting,
like hot herbs, or else Citron Lemon, or inflammations, both outward and inward
;

Orange seeds, to abate the cold of one and heat of agues \

and so doth the flowers
;

heat of the other. The seed and distilled also, either by the syrup or conserve
water of the Lettuce work the same effects the syrup helps much to procure rest,
in all things ;but the use of Lettuce is and to settle the brain of frantic per-
\

chiefly forbidden to those that are short- sons, by cooling the hot distemperature
i

winded, or have any imperfection in the {of the head. The seed as well as the root
lungs, or spit blood. is effectual to stay fluxes of blood or
humours, either of wounds or of the belly
i
;

but the roots are most used, and more ef-

OF these there are two principally noted fectual to cool, bind, and restrain all fluxes
kinds, viz. the White and the Yellow. in man or woman. The root is likewise
DescriptJ] The White Lily has very very good for
j
those whose urine is hot and
large and thick dark green leaves lying on \ sharp,
to be boiled in wine and water, and
the water, sustained by long and thick the decoction drank. j
The distilled water
foot-stalks, that arise from a great, thick, j of the flowers is very effectual for all the
round, and long tuberous olack root diseases aforesaid, both inwardly taken,
{

spongy or loose, with many knobs thereon, j and outwardly applied ; and is much corn-
green on the outside, but as white as snow mended to take away freckles, spots, sun-
j

within, consisting of divers rows of long; burn, and morphew from the face, or other
and somewhat thick and narrow leaves, parts of the body. The oil made of the
j

smaller and thinner the more inward they flowers, as oil of Roses is made, is profitably
j

be, encompassing a head with many yel- used to cool hot tumours, and to ease the
;

low threads or thrums in the middle; where, pains, and help the sores,
j

after they are past, stand round Poppy-like

LjLy
j THE VALLEY
heads, full of broad oily and bitter seed.
The yellow kind is little differentfrom} CALLED also Conval Lily, Male Lily,
the former, save only that it has fewer land Lily Confancy.
leaves on the flowers, greater and more DescriptJ] The root is small, and creeps
I

shining seed, and a whitish root, both with-

j
far in the ground, as grass roots do. The
in and without. The root of both is some- leaves are many, against which rises up a
what sweet in taste. stalk half a foot high, with many white
Place.'] They are found growing in flowers, like little bells with turned edges
106 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
of a strong, though pleasing smell ; the birth. The root roasted, and mixed with a
\

berries are red, not much unlike those of I little hog's grease, makes a
gallant poultice
Asparagus. to lipen and break The
plague-sores.
Place] They grow plentifully upon; ointment is excellently good for swellings
Hampstead-Heath, and many other places; in the 11"
privities, and will cure burnings and
*
1 i * t
in this nation. without a scar, and deck a
jscaldings trimly
Time.'] They flower in May, and the blank place with hair,
!

seed is
ripe in September.
Government and virtues] It is under the \
dominion of Mercury, and therefore itj Descript.~] OUR English Liquorice rises
strengthens the brain, recruits a weak up |
with divers woody stalks, whereon are
memory, and makes it
strong again: The set at several distances many narrow, long,
j
distilled water dropped into the eyes, green leaves, set together on both sides of
helps \

inflammations there ; as also that infirmity the stalk, and an odd one at the end, very
;

which they call a pin and web. The spirit well resembling a young ash tree sprung up
j

of the flowers distilled in wine, restores lost from the seed. This by many years con-
1

speech, helps the palsy, and is excellently j tinuance in a place without removing, and
good in the apoplexy, comforts the heart not else, will bring forth flowers, many
j

and vital spirits. Gerrard saith, that the standing together spike fashion, one above
j
flowers being close stopped up in a glass, another upon the stalk, of the form of
j
pease
put into an ant-hill, and taken away again blossoms, but of a very pale blue colour,
j

a month after, ye shall find a liquor in the which turn into long, somewhat flat and
j

glass, which, being outwardly applied, helps smooth cods, wherein is contained a small.,
j

the gout. |
round, hard seed The roots run down ex-
:

Sceedino; deep into the ground, with divers

WHITE LILIES. .1 11
1
, ,

other small roots and fibres growing with

I
IT were in vain to describe a plant so! them, and shoot out suckers from the main
commonly known in every one's garden ; roots all about, whereby it is much increas-
1

therefore I shall not tell you what they are, ied, of a brownish colour on the outside,
but what they are good for. and yellow within.
1

Government and virtues.] They are under 5

Place.] It is planted in fields and
gar-
the dominion of the Moon, and by anti-jdens, in divers places of this land, and
pathy to Mars expel poison ; they are ex- thereof good profit is made,
j

cellently good in pestilential fevers, the j

Government and virtues.] It is under the
roots being bruised and boiled in wine, and dominion of Mercury. Liquorice boiled
|

the decoction drank ; for it expels the in fair water, with some Maiden-hair and
\

venom to the exterior parts of the body figs, makes a good drink for those that have
:
<

The juice of it being tempered with barley j a dry cough or hoarseness, wheezing or
meal, baked, and so eaten for ordinary [shortness of breath, and for all the griefs of
bread, is an excellent cure for the dropsy the breast and lungs, phthisic or consump-
:

An ointment made of the root, and hog's tions caused by the distillation of salt
grease, is excellently good for scald heads, humours on them.
\ It is also good in all
unites the sinews when they are cut, and? pains of the reins, the stranguary, and heat
cleanses ulcers. The root boiled in any of urine i : The fine powder of Liquorice
convenient decoction, gives speedy delivery blown through a quill into the eyes that
j

to women in travail, and

expels the after- have a pin and web (as they call it) 01
:
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 107

rheumatic them, doth cleanse to the tops into great and long branches,
distillations in ;

and help them. The juice of Liquorice is;on all which, at the joints, there grow long-
as effectual in all the diseases of the breast* and narrow leaves, but broader below, and
and lungs, the reins and bladder, as the usually two at a joint, yet sometimes three
:

decoction. The juice distilled in Rose- or four, somewhat like willow leaves, smooth
$

water, with some Gum Tragacanth, is a fine; on the edges, and of a fair green colour
licking medicine for hoarseness, wheez- from the upper joints of the branches, and
j

ing, &c. at the tops of them also stand many yellow

*

flowers of five leaves a-piece, with divers

5

LIVERWORT. *
11 j i ii i i

jyellow threads in the middle, which turn,

THERE are, according to some botanists, Hnto small round heads, containing small
upwards of three hundred different kinds Icornered seeds the root creeps under
:

of Liverwort. :
ground, almost like coughgrass, but greater,
Descript] Common Liverwort grows ;and shoots up every Spring brownish heads
close, and spreads much upon the ground \which afterwards grow up into stalks. It
in moist and shady places, with many small has no scent or taste, and is only astringent,
j

green leaves, or rather (as it were) sticking Place] It grows in many places of this
<

flat to one another, very unevenly cut in on land in moist meadows, and by water sides,
^

the edges, and crumpled; from among; Time] It flowers from June to August,
which arise small slender stalks, an inch or; Government and virtiies] This herb is
two high at most, bearing small star-like good for all manner of bleeding at the
j

flowers at the top ; the roots are very fine mouth, nose, or wounds, and all fluxes of
;

and small. the belly, and the bloody-flux, given either

j

Government and virtues] It is under the) to drink or taken by clysters; it stays also
dominion of Jupiter, and under the sign the abundance of women's courses it is a
:
;

Cancer. It is a singularly good herb for i

singular good wound-herb for green wounds,
all the diseases of the liver, both to cool to i
stay the bleeding, and quickly close
and cleanse it, and helps the inflammations herb
;
together the lips of the wound, if the
in any part, and the yellow like- be and the It
jaundice ;
bruised, juice only applied.
wise. Being bruised and boiled in small is often used in for sore mouths, as
gargles
beer, and drank, it cools the heat of the also for the secret parts. The smoak here-
j
liver and kidneys, and
helps the running of of being bruised, drives away flies and
\

the reins in men, and the whites in women ;

jgnats, which in the night time molest people
it is a
singular remedy to stay the spreading inhabiting near marshes, and in the fenny
j

of tetters, ringworms, and other

fretting and countries,
|

running sores and scabs, and is an excellent :

LOOSESTRIFE WITH SPIKED HEADS OF

remedy for such whose livers are corrupted
'
!

by surfeits, which cause their bodies to*

break out, for it fortifies the liver exceed- IT is likewise called Grass-polly.
\

ingly, and makes it

impregnable. This grows with many woody
Descript.]
fdl f J mtS ab Ut three
LOOSESTRIFE OR WILLOW-HERB. S
J^. f^' '

feet high at least ; at every one whereof

j

Dtscript] COMMON yellow Loosestrife stand two long leaves, shorter, narrower,
\

grows to be four or five feet or more, and a greener colour than the former,
high, I

with great round stalks, a little

crested, and some brownish. The stalks are branched
j

diversly branched from the middle of them into many long stems of spiked flowers half
5
 108 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
a foot long, growing in bundlesone above j the place covered with a linen cloth doubled
another, out of small husks, very like the and anointed with the ointment ; and this
j

spiked heads of Lavender, each of which is also an approved medicine. It likewise

\
flowers have five
round-pointed leaves of a cleanses and heals all foul ulcers, and sores
I

purple violet colour, or somewhat inclining whatsoever, and stays their inflammations
\

to redness ; in which husks stand small

by washing them with the water, and lay-
I

round heads after the flowers are fallen, j

ing on them a green leaf or two in the
wherein is contained small seed. The root Summer, or
| dry leaves in the Winter. This
creeps under ground like unto the yellow, j water, gargled warm in the mouth, and
but is greater than it, and so are the heads sometimes drank
j also, doth cure the quinsy,
of the leaves when they first out of or evil in the throat. The said
appear I king's
the ground, and more brown than the water
j applied warm, takes away all spots,
other, and scabs in the skin and a little
j
marks, ;

Place.'] It grows usually by rivers, and of it drank, quenches thirst when it is ex-
ditch-sides in wet ground, as about the treme.
ditches at and near Lambeth, and in many
i /t
.i'ii 9 JjOVACrE.
places of this land.
Time.'] It flowers in the months of June | Descript.] IT has many long and green
and July. ; stalks of large winged leaves, divided into
Government and virtues.'] It is an herb many parts, like Smallage, but much larger
of the Moon, and under the
sign Cancer;
and greater, every leaf being cut about the
neither do I know a better preserver of the edges, broadest forward, and smallest at the
sight when it is well, nor a better cure for j stalk, of a sad green colour, smooth and
sore eyes than
Eyebright, taken inwardly, shining ; from among which rise up sundry
'

and this used outwardly; it is cold in quality.! strong, hollow green stalks, five or six,
This herb is nothing inferior to the for- sometimes seven or eight feet high, full of
mer, it having not only all the virtues which joints, but lesser leaves set on them than
the former hath, but more
peculiar virtues grow below; and
j
with them towards the
experience ; as, j tops come forth large branches, bearing at
of its own, found out by
namely. The distilled water is a present ! their tops large umbels of yellow flowers,
remedy for hurts and blows on the eyes, and after them flat brownish seed.
i
The
and for blindness, so as the Christalline roots grow thick, great and deep, spreading
I

humours be not perished or hurt and this much, and enduring long, of a brownish
; !

hath been sufficiently proved true by the colour on the outside, and whitish within,
i

experience of a man of judgment, who kept! The whole plant and every part of it smell-
it
long to himself as a great secret. It ing strong, and aromatically, and is of a
I

clears the eyes of dust, or any hot, sharp, biting taste.

thing gotten I

into them, and preserves the sight. It is I Place.'] It is usually planted in gardens,
also very available against wounds and | where, if it be suffered, it grows huge and
thrusts, being made into an ointment in great.
|
this manner: To every ounce of the water,} Time.'] It flowers in the end of July,
add two drams of May butter without salt, and seeds in August.
!

and of sugar and wax, of each as is an herb

muchj Government and virtues^] It
also; let them boil gently together. Let of the Sun, under the sign Taurus.
J If
tents dipped into the liquor that remains Saturn offend the throat (as he always doth
j

after it is cold, be
put into the wounds, and if he be occasioner of the malady, and in
\
 PLATE IV

! , m i
' \v ort

1 . OV i!
'^
I'

Loosestrife ,,r Woo

Maidenhair
Field
Wallo-

Mn r ] o | ( 1

Mil M I 1-1- ,x HI' t

THOM \s KKJ.I.', .
LONDON. IH.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 109

Taurus is the Genesis) this isyour cure. is an excellent remedy boiled in beer
1 for
It opens, cures and digests humours, and broken-winded horses,
j

mightily provokes women's courses and * \

MADDER.
TT if i r ii_ J J
urine. Half a dram at a time of the dried \

root in powder taken in wine, doth wonder- 1 Descript."] GARDEN Madder shoots
fully warm a cold stomach, helps digestion, | forth many very long, weak, four-square,
and consumes all raw and superfluous j reddish stalks, trailing on the ground a
moisture therein ; eases all inward gripings j great way, very rough or hairy, and full of
and pains, dissolves wind, and resists poison | joints: At every one of these joints come
and infection. It is a known and much forth divers long and narrow leaves, stand-
!

praised remedy to drink the decoction of ing like a star about the stalks, round also
the herb for any sort of ague, and to help and hairy, towards the tops whereof come
the pains and torments of the body and forth many small pale yellow flowers, after
* f, mi
-i i 1 fv ^

bowels coming of cold. The seed is effec- which come small round heads, green at
j

tual to all the purposes aforesaid (except first, and reddish afterwards, but black
the last) and works more powerfully. The \ when they are ripe, wherein is contained
distilled water of the herb helps the quinsy j the seed. The root is not very great, but
in the throat, if the rnouth and throat be exceeding long, running down half a man's
|

gargled and washed therewith, and helps \ length into the ground, red and very clear,
the pleurisy, being drank three or four j while it is fresh, spreading divers ways.
times. Being dropped into the eyes, it PlaceJ] It is only manured in gardens,
takes away the redness or dimness of them or larger fields, for the profit that is made
;

itlikewise takes away spots or freckles in thereof.

the face. The leaves bruised, and fried Time.~] It flowers towards the ena of
with a little hog's lard, and put hot to any Summer, and the seed is ripe quickly after.
blotch or boil, will quickly break it. Government and virtues.] It is an herb of
Mars. It hath an opening quality, and
LUNGWORT.
I afterwards to bind and strengthen. It is a

DescriptJ] THIS a kind of moss, that? sure remedy for the yellow jaundice, by
is

grows on sundry sorts of trees, especially opening the obstructions of the liver and
oaks and beeches, with broad, greyish,; gall, and cleansing those parts it opens ;

tough leaves diversly folded, crumpled, and also the obstructions of the spleen, and
j;

gashed in on the edges, and some spotted diminishes the melancholy humour. It is
also with many small spots on the upper- available lor thej palsy and sciatica, and
side. It was never seen to bear any stalk effectual for bruises inward and outward,
\

or flower at any time. land is therefore much used in vulnerary

Government and virtues.'] Jupiter seems drinks. The root for all those aforesaid
{

to own this herb. It is of great use to

purposes, is to be boiled in wine or water,
;

physicians to help the diseases of the lungs, as the cause requires, and some honey and
j

and for coughs, wheezings, and shortness of; sugar put thereunto afterwards. The seed
breath, which it cures both in man and j hereof taken in vinegar and honey, helps
beast. It is very profitable to
put into the swelling and hardness of the spleen,
j
lotions that are taken to stay the moist The decoction of the leaves and branches
humours that flow to ulcers, and hinder is a good fomentation for women thai have
I

their healing, as also to wash all other ulcers | not their courses. The leaves and roots
in the privy parts of a man or woman. It! beaten and applied to. any part that is dis-
110 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
coloured with freckles, morphew, the while j with the cough, shortness of breath, the
scurf, or any such deformity of the skin, J yellow jaundice, diseases of the spleen,
cleanses thoroughly, and takes them away. stopping of urine, and helps exceedingly to
;

1 break the stone in the

MAIDEN IIAIIt. 5 ,.
kidneys, (in all which
,, r .
, ,, T> r re
I
diseases the Wall Kue
also very effectual.)
is

Descript.} Quit common Maiden-Hair j

It provokes women's courses, and stays

doth, from a number of hard Mack fibres, \

both bleedings and fluxes of the stomach
send forth a great many blackish shining and belly, especially when the herb is dry ;
5

brittle stalks, hardly a span long, in many \ for being green, it loosens the belly, and
not half so long, on each side set very thick voids choler and phlegm from the stomach
j

with small, round, dark green leaves, and and liver; it cleanses the lungs, and by
spitted on the
back of them like a fern. 1
rectifying the blood, causes a good colour
Place.} It grows upon old stone walls in \ to the whole body. The herb boiled in oil
the West parts in Kent, and divers other of Camomile, dissolves knots, allays swell-
5

places of this land;

it
delights likewise to j ings, and dries up moist ulcers. The lye
grow by springs, wells, and rocky moist \
made thereof singularly good to cleanse the
is

and shady places, and is always green. head from scurf, and from dry and running
1

! sores, stays the falling or shedding of the

WALL RUE, OR, WHITE MAIDEN-HAIR.', J
and causes it
, ... p. .

to and
; hair, grow thick, fair,
Descript} THIS has very fine,
pale green i well coloured; for which purpose some
almost as fine as hairs, set confusedly boil it in wine, putting some
stalks, j Smallage seed
with divers pale green leaves on every short ?
thereto, and afterwards some oil. The
foot stalk, somewhat near unto the colour Wall Rue is as effectual as Maiden-Hair,
j

of garden Rue, and not much differing in ; in all diseases of the head, or falling and
form but more diversly cut in on the edges, i
recovering of the hair again, and generally
and thicker, smooth on the upper part, j
for all the aforementioned diseases And :

and spotted finely underneath. ) besides, the powder of it taken in drink for
Place.} It grows in many places of this i
forty days together, helps the burstings in
land, at Dartford, and the bridge at Ash- j
children,
ford in Kent, at Beaconsfield in Bucking- |
GOLDEN MAIDEN H AIE
hamshire, at Wolly in Huntingtonshire, on |

Framlingham Castle in Suffolk, on the j

To the former give me leave to add this,
church Avails at Mayfield in Sussex, in > I shall say no more but only describe
and
Somersetshire, and divers other places of jit to you, and for the virtues refer you to
this land ; and is green in Winter as well as the former, since whatever is said of them,
|

Summer. may be also said of this.

;

Government and virtues.} Both this and \ Descript.} It has many small, brownish,
the former are under the dominion oft red hairs, to make up the form of leaves
Mercury, and so is that also which follows | growing about the ground from the root;
after, and the virtue of both are so near and in the middle of them, in Summer, rise
j

alike, that though I have described them j small stalks of the same colour, set with very
and their places of growing severally, yet fine yellowish green hairs on them, and
%

I shall in writing the virtues of them, join j bearing a small gold, yellow head, less
them both together as follows. than a wheat corn, standing in a great
j

The decoction of the herb Maiden-Hair husk. The root is very small and thready,
\

being drank, helps those that are troubled : Place.} It grows in bogs and moorish
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 111

places, and
also on dry shady places, as to those purposes. The same used by
Hampstead Heath, and elsewhere. nurses procures them store of milk. The
decoction of the seed of any of the common
MALLOWS AND M ARSHMALLOWS. 5
I AT 11 -n j
J Mallows made in milk or wine, doth
mar-
COMMON Mallows are generally so well vellously help excoriations, the phthisic,
I

known tha* they need no description. jpleurisy, and other diseases of the chest and
Our common Marshrnallows have divers lungs, that proceed of hot causes, if it be
|

soft hairy white stalks, rising to be three or continued taking for some time
\
together,
four feet high, spreading forth many The leaves and roots work the same effects,
|

branches the leaves whereof are soft and They help much also in the excoriations of
!

hairy, somewhat less than the other Mallow the bowels, and hardness of the mother,
leaves, but longer pointed, cut (for the most and in all hot and sharp diseases thereof,
\

into some few divisions, but deep, The juice drank in wine, or the decoction
part) j

The flowers are many, but smaller also than of them therein, do help women to a speedy
;

the other Mallows, and white, or tending to land easy delivery. Pliny saith, that who-
a bluish colour. After which come such soever takes a spoonful of any of the Mal-
j

long, round cases and seeds, as in the other lows, shall that day be free from all diseases
i

Mallows. The roots are many and long, that may come unto him
j and that it is
;

shooting from one head, of the bigness of a j

especially good for the falling-sickness. The
thumb or finger, very pliant, tough, and syrup also and conserve made of the flowers,
j

being like liquorice, of a whitish yellow are very effectual for the same diseases,
i

colour on the outside, and more whitish; and to open the body, being costive. The
within, full of a slimy juice, which being [leaves bruised, and laid to the eyes with
laid in water, will thicken, as if it were a a little honey, take away the
\
imposthuma-
jelly. jtions of them. The leaves bruised or rubbed
Place.] The common Mallows grow in upon any place stung with bees, wasps, or
{

every county of this land. The common i the like, presently take away the pain,
Marsh-mallows in most of the salt marshes, |
red ness, arid swelling that rise
thereupon,
from Woolwich down to the sea, both on \ And Dioscorides saith, The decoction of
the Kentish and Essex shores, and in divers the roots and leaves helps all sorts of poison,
j

other places of this land. \ so as the poison be presently voided by

Time.] They flower all the Summer; vomit. A poultice made of the leaves
months, even until the Winter do pull them boiled and bruised, with some bean or bar-
j

down. *
ley flower, and oil of Roses added, is an
Government and virtues] Venus owns especial remedy against all hard tumours
}

them both. Theleaves of either of the and inflammations, or imposthumes, or

i

sorts, both specified, and the roots also \ swellings of the privities, and other parts,
boiled in wine or water, or in broth with j and eases the pains of them; as also
against
Parsley or Fennel roots, do help to open the | the hardness of the liver or spleen, being
body, and are very convenient in hot agues, j applied to the places. The juice of Mai-
or other distempers of the body, to apply lows boiled in old oil and applied, takes
|

the leaves so boiled warm to the belly. It \ away all roughness of the skin, as also the
not only voids hot, choleric, and other :
scurf, dandriff, or dry scabs in the head, or
offensive humours, but eases the pains and \
other parts, if they be anointed therewith,
torments of the belly coming thereby and; I or washed with the decoction, and preserves
are therefore used in all clysters conducing j the hair from falling off. It is also effec-
G O
.112 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
tual against scaldingsand burnings, St. drink, to those that are wounded, and read v
!J

Anthony's fire, and

other
allhot, red, and to faint through loss of blood, and applied
painful swellings in any part of the body, the same, mixed with honey and rosin, to
i;

The flowers boiled in oil or water (as every the wounds. As also, the roots boiled in
j

one is disposed) whereunto a little honey wine to those that have received any hurt
\

and allum is put, is an excellent gargle to by bruises, falls, or blows, or had any bone
wash, cleanse or heal any sore mouth or or member out of joint, or any swelling-
throat in a short space. If the feet be pain, or ache in the muscles, sinews or
ii

bathed or washed with the decoction of the arteries. The muscilage of the roots, and of
leaves, roots, and it
helps much Linseed and Fenugreek put together, is much
flowers, \

the defluxions of rheum from the head used in poultices, ointments, and plaisters,
; :

if the head be washed therewith, it stays to molify and digest all hard swellings, and
j

the falling and shedding of the hair. The the inflammation of them, and to ease pains
j

green leaves (saith Pliny) beaten with in any part of the body.
$
The seed either
nitre, and applied, draw out thorns or green or dry, mixed with vinegar, cleanses
prickles in the flesh. the skin of morphew, and all other dis-
The Marshmallows are more effectual in colourings, being boiled therewith in the
all the before mentioned: The j Sun.
diseases
leaves are likewise used to loosen the belly | You may remember that not long since
gently, and in decoctions or clysters to ease j
there was a raging disease called the bloody-
all pains of the body, opening the strait flux the college of physicians not
j
;
knowing
and making them slippery, where-! what to make of it, called it the inside
passages,
by the stone may descend the more easily plague, for their wits were at Ne plus ultra
and without pain, out of the reins, kidneys, about it My
son was taken with the same
:

and bladder, and to ease the torturing pains disease, and the excoriation of his bowels
thereof. But the roots are of more special was exceeding great myself being in the
j
;

use for those purposes, as well for coughs, | country, was sent up, the only thing
for
hoarseness, shortness of breath and wheez- 1 1 gave him, was Mallows bruised and
ings, being boiled in wine,
or honeyed ; boiled both in milk and drink, in two days
water, and drank. The roots and seeds i
(the blessing of God being upon it) it cured
hereof boiled in wine or water, are with j him. And I here, to shew my
thankful-
good success used by them that have ex- j ness to God, in communicating it to his
conations in the bowels, or the bloody flux, j creatures, leave it to posterity

by qualifying the violence of sharp fretting j

MAPLE TREE
Humours, easing the pains, and healing the '

soreness. profitably taken by them

It is Government and virtues.] IT is under the
j

that are troubled with ruptures, cramps, or dominion of Jupiter. The decoction either
;

convulsions of the sinews ; and boiled in of the leaves or bark, must needs strengthen
j

Avhite wine, for the imposthumes by the the liver much, and so you shall find it to
$

throat, commonly called the king's evil, and do, if you use it.
j
It is excellently good to
of those kernels that rise behind the ears, \ open obstructions both of the liver and
and inflammations or swellings in women's spleen, and eases pains of the sides thence
i

breasts. The dried roots boiled in milk proceeding,

|

and drank, is especially good for the chin-

WJND MARJORAM
j
cough. Hippocrates used to give the de-i
coction of the roots, or the juice thereof, to* CALLED also Origanum, Eastward Mar-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 113

joram; Wild Marjoram, and Grove Mar- dry places of this land; but it is not my
1

joram. j purpose
to insist upon them. The garden
Descript] Wild or field Marjoram hath kinds being most used and useful,
a root which creeps much under ground,! Time,~\ Theyflower in the end of Summer,
which continues a long time, sending up \Government and virtues."] It is an herb of
sundry-brownish, hard, square stalks, with Mercury, and under Aries, and therefore is
j

small dark green leaves, very like those of an excellent remedy for the brain and other
{

Sweet Marjoram, but harder, and some- parts of the body and mind, under the do-
1

what broader; at the top of the stalks stand minion of the same planet. Our common
j

tufts of flowers, of a deep purplish red Sweet Marjoram is warming and comfor-
\

colour. The seed is small and something table in cold diseases of the head, stomach,
|

blacker than that of Sweet Marjoram. sinews, and other parts, taken inwardly, or
|

Place] It grows plentifully in the bor- outwardly applied. The decoction thereof
i

ders of corn fields, and in some copses. j being

drank, helps all diseases of the chest
Time.] It flowers towards the latter end} which hinder the freeness of breathing, and
of the Summer. I is also
profitable for the obstructions of the
Government and virtues.] This is also liver and spleen. It helps the cold griefs
i

under the dominion of Mercury. It of the womb, and the windiness thereof, and
i

strengthens the stomach and head much, ;the loss of speech, by resolution of the
there being scarce a better remedy growing tongue.
i
The decoction thereof made with
for such as are troubled with a sour humour \ some Pellitory of Spain, and long Pepper,
in the stomach; it restores the appetite or with a little Acorns or Origanum, being
j

being lost; helps the cough, and consump- drank, is good for those that cannot make
;

tion of the lungs; it cleanses the body of \ water, and against pains and torments in
choler, expels poison, and remedies the in- the belly
\ ; it
provokes women's courses, if
Being made into
r
firmities of the spleen ;
helps the bitings of| it be used as a pessary.
venomous beasts, and helps such as have powder, and mixed with honey, it takes
j

poisoned themselves by eating Hemlock, away the black marks of blows, and bruises,
j

Henbane, or Opium. It provokes urine and being thereunto applied ; it is good for the
the terms in women, helps the dropsy, and inflammations and watering of the eyes,
i

the scurvy, scabs, itch, and yellow jaun- being mixed with fine flour, and laid unto
5

dice. The juice being dropped into the them. The juice dropped into the ears,
!

ears, helps deafness, pain and noise in the ! eases the pains and singing noise in them,
ears. And thus much for this herb, be- jit is profitably put into those ointments
tween which and adders, there is a deadly 5 and salves that are warm, and comfort the
antipathy. | outward parts, as the joints
and sinews ;
|
for swellings also, and places out of joint.
1 The snuffed into the nose
powder thereof up
SWEET Marjoram is so well known, provokes sneezing, and thereby purges the
5

being an inhabitant in every garden, that it brain and chewed in the mouth, draws
j
;

is needless to write
any description thereof, forth much phlegm. The oil made thereof,
neither of the Winter Sweet Marjoram, or is very warm and comfortable to the joints
5

Pot Marjoram. that are stiff, and the sinews that are hard,
I

gar to molify and supple them. Marjoram

in is
Place.] They grow commonly
dens; some sorts grow wild in the bor- much used in all odoriferous water, pow-
ders of corn fields and pastures, in sun- ders, &c. that are for ornament or delight.
114 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
MARIGOLDS. * ai Ao dee the ground, shooting
j
'forth
sundry
?
which taste sharp, f
heads,
THESE being so plentiful in every gar- biting on the tongue, and is the hottest and
j

den, and so well known that they need no j sharpest part of the plant, and the seed
description. tnext unto it being somewhat blackish on
Time.~\ They flower all the Summer the outside, and smelling well.
long, and sometimes in Winter, if it be Place.] It is usually kept in gardens with
mild. {
us in England.
Government and virtues.]
It is an herb | Time] It flowers and seeds about the
of the Sun, and under Leo. They strengthen \
end of August.
the heart exceedingly, and are very ex- ! Government and virtues] It is an herb of
pulsive, and a little less effectual in the small- 1
Mars. The root of Masterwort is hotter
pox and measles than saffron. The juice than pepper, and very available in cold
of Marigold leaves mixed with vinegar, and griefs and diseases both of ihe stomach and
any not swelling bathed with it, instantly j body, dissolving very powerfully upwards
gives ease, and assuages it. The flowers, ;
and downwards. It is also used in a de-
either green or dried, are much used in i coction with wine against all cold rheums,
possets, broths, and drink, as a comforter! distillations upon the lungs, or shortness of
of the heart and spirits, and to expel any \ breath, to be taken morning and evening,
malignant or pestilential quality which j
It also provokes urine, and helps to break

might annoy them. A plaister made with .'the stone, and expel the gravel from the
the dry flowers in powder, hog's-grease, kidneys \ provokes women's courses, and
;

turpentine, and rosin, applied to the breast, expels the dead birth.
i It is singularly good

strengthens and succours the heart infi- for 1

strangling of the mother, and other such
nitely in fevers, whether pestilential or not. like feminine
\ diseases. It is effectual also

against the dropsy, cramps, and falling

$

sickness; for the decoction in wine being

i

Descript] COMMON Masterwort has: gargled in the mouth, draws down much
divers stalks of winged leaves divided into
j
water and phlegm, from the brain, purging
sundry parts, three for the most part stand- and easing it of what oppresses it. It is of
\

ing together at a small foot-stalk on both \ a rare quality against all sorts of cold poi-
sides of the greater, and three likewise at; son, to be taken as there is cause; it pio-
the end of the stalk, somewhat broad, and j yokes sweat. But lest the taste hereof, or
cut in on the edges into three or more of the seed (which works to the like effect,
j

divisions, all of them dented about the though not so powerfully) should be too
\

brims, of a dark green colour, somewhat j offensive, the best way is to take the water
resembling the leaves of Angelica, but that distilled both from the herb and root. The
I

these grow lower to the ground, and on

juice hereof dropped, or tents dipped there-
1

lesser stalks; among which rise up two or Jin, and

applied either to green wounds or
three short stalks about two feet high, and filthy rotten ulcers, and those that come by
\

slender, with such like leaves at the joints envenomed weapons, doth soon cleanse
which grow below, but with lesser and fewer and heal them. The same is also very good
divisions, bearing umbels of white flowers, to help the gout coming of a cold cause.
and after them thin, flat blackish seeds, ;

TVii rri SWEET MAUDLIN.

bigger than Dill seeds. 1 he root is some-
j
what greater and growing rather side-ways 5 Descript.~] COMMON Maudlin hath some-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 115

what long and narrow leaves, snipped about women's minds should run a gadding
|

the edges. The stalks are two feet high, Also a plaister made of the fruit dried he-
j

bearing at the tops many yellow flowers set fore they are rotten, and other convenient
!

round together and all of an equal height, things, and applied to the reins of the back,
|
in umbels or tufts like unto tansy after
stops miscarriage in Avomen
;
|
with child,
which follow small whitish seed, almost as They are powerful to stay any fluxes of
I

big as wormseed. blood or humours in men or women

j
; the
Place and Time.'] It grows in
gardens, leaves
>
also have this quality. The decoc-
and flowers in June and July. tion of them is good to gargle and wash the
j

Government and virtues.^ The Virtues j mouth, throat and teeth, when there is any
hereof being the same with Costmary or defluxions of blood to stay it, or of humours,
Alecost, I shall not make any repetition | which causes the pains and swellings. It
thereof, lest my book grow too big but is a good bath
; I for Avomen, that have their
rather refer you to Costmary for satis- courses flow too abundant
j
: or for the piles
faction. when they bleed too much. If a poultice
j
(or plaister be made with dried medlars,
beaten and mixed with the juice of red
\

Descript.1 THE Tree grows near the roses, whereunto a few cloves and nutmegs
\

bigness of the Quince Tree, spreading may be added, and a little red coral also,
j

branches reasonably large, with longer and and

applied to the stomach
; that is given to
narrower leaves than either the apple or
casting or loathing of meat,
: it effectually

quince, and not dented about the edges. helps.I The dried leaves in powder strewed
At the end of the sprigs stand the flowers, on fresh bleeding wounds restrains the
I

made of five white, great, broad-pointed blood, and heals up the wound quickly,
;

leaves, nicked in the middle with some The medlar-stones made into powder, and
j

white threads also ; after which comes the drank in wine, wherein some Parsley-roots
i

fruit, of a brownish green colour, being ripe, have lain infused all night, or a little boiled,
j

bearing a crown as it were on the top, do break the stone in the kidneys, helping
j

which were the five green leaves ; and to expel it.

1

being rubbed off, or fallen away, the head

MELLILOT, OB KING s CLAVLR.
j

of the fruit is seen to be somewhat hollow, j

The fruit is very harsh before it is mellowed, j Descript.'] THIS hath many green stalks,
and has usually five hard kernels within it. two or three feet high, rising from a tough,
',

There is another kind hereof nothing dif- long, white root, which dies not ever}-
j

fering from the former, but that it hath some year, set round about at the joints
with
|

thorns on it in several places, which the small and somewhat long, well-smelling
j

other hath not; and usually the fruit is leaves, set three together, unevently dented
j

small, and not so pleasant. \ about the edges. The flowers are yellow,
Time and Place.'] They grow in this} and well-smelling also, made like other
land, and flower in May most part, j trefoil, but small, standing in long spikes
for the
and bear fruit in September and October. one above another, for an hand breath long
}

Government and virtues.'] The fruit is old or better, which afterwards turn into long
|

Saturn's, and sure a better medicine he crooked pods, wherein is contained flat seed,
j

nardly hath to strengthen the retentive somewhat brown.

j

faculty ; therefore it stays women's long- \

PlaceJ] It grows plentifully in many
ings- The good old man cannot endure places of this land, as in the edge of Suffolk
!

H H
116 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and in Essex, as also in Huntingdonshire, ; male Mercury two small, round green
and in other places, but most usually in heads, standing a short
j together upon
corn fields, in corners of meadows. j foot stalk, which growing ripe, are seeds
Time^] It flowers in June and July, and not having
i
flowers. The female stalk is
is lipe quickly after. round about with
longer, spike-fashion, set
Government and virtues.'] Melilot, boiled small
:

green husks, which are the flowers

in wine, and applied, mollifies all hard made small like bunches of
grapes, which
5

tumours and inflammations that happen in give no seed, but abiding long
j
upon the
the eyes, or other parts of the body, and j stalks without shedding. The root is corn-
sometimes the yolk of a roasted egg, or fine; posed of many small fibres, which perishes
flour, or poppy seed, or endive, is added [every year at the first approach of Winter,
unto it. It helps the spreading ulcers inland rises again of its own sowing; and if
the head, it being washed with a lye made I once it is suffered to sow itself, the
ground
thereof. It helps the pains of the stomach, will never want afterwards, even both sorts
;

being applied fresh , or boiled with any of* of it.

the aforenamed things; also, the pains of'
the ears, being dropped into them ; and
j

steeped in vinegar, or rose water, it miti-j HAVING described unto you that which
gates the head-ache. The flowers of Melli- 1 is called French Mercury, I come now to
lot or Camomile are much used to be put \ shew you a description of this kind also,

together in clysters to expel wind, and ease j Descript.~\ This is likewise of two kinds,
pains; and also in poultices for the same |maleand Female, having many stalks slender
purpose, and to assuage swelling tumours j and lower than Mercury, without any
in the spleen or other parts, and helps in- branches at all upon them, the root is set
j

flammations in any part of the body. The \ with two leaves at every joint, somewhat
juice dropped into the eyes, is a singularly j greater th-a-n the female, but more pointed
good medicine to take away the film or ! and full of veins, and somewhat harder in
skin that clouds or dimns the eye-sight, j handling: of a dark green colour, and less
The head often washed with the distilled denied or snipped about the edges. At
|

water of the herb and flower, or a lye made the joints with the leaves come forth longei
:

therewith, is effectual for those that sud- stalks than the former, with two hairy
1

denly lose their senses; as also to strengthen round seeds upon them, twice as big as
|

the memory, to comfort the head and brain, those of the former Mercury.
*
The taste
and to preserve them from pain, and the $ hereof is herby, and the smell somewhat
apoplexy. strong and virulent.
j
The female has much
harder leaves standing upon longer foot-
FRENCH AND DOG MERCURY. I

,,
and the stalks are also longer ffrom
,

\ stalks, ;

Descript.~] THIS rises up with a square | the joints come forth spikes of flowers like
green stalk full of joints, two feet high, or | the French Female Mercury. The roots of
thereabouts, with two leaves at every joint, them both are many, and full of small
j

and the branches likewise from both sides of fibres which run under ground, and mat
$

the stalk, set with fresh green leaves, some- themselves very much, not perishing as the
!

what broad and long, about the bigness of former Mercuries do, but abide the Win-
|

the leaves of Bazil, finely dented about the ter, and shoot forth new branches every
|

edges; towards the tops of the stalk and year, for the old lie down to the ground,
;

branches, come forth at every joint in the

| Place."] The male and female French
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 117

Mercury are found wild in divers places of or the juice rubbed upon warts, takes them
i

this land, as by a village called Brookland away. The juice mingled with some vine-
j

in Rumney Marsh in Kent. gar, helps all running scabs, tetters, ring-
j

The Dog Mercury in sundry places of] worms, and the itch. Galen saith, that
Kent also, and elsewhere but the female being applied in manner of a poultice to
; j

more seldom than the male. any swelling or inflammation, it digests the
5

Time.~\ They flower in the Summer swelling, and allays the inflammation, and
*

months, and therein give their seed. jis

therefore given in clysters to evacuate
Government and virtues.] Mercury, they from the belly offensive humours. The Dog
j

say, owns the herb, but I rather think it is Mercury, although it be less used, yet may
i

Venus's, and I am partly confident of it serve in the same manner, to the same pur-
j

too, for I never heard that Mercury ever pose, to purge waterish and melancholy
5

minded women's business so much I humours,

:

believe he minds his study more. The de-

j
coction of the leaves of Mercury, or the* MINT.
in broth, or drank with a little
juice thereof \

sugar put to it, purges choleric and waterish i OF all the kinds of Mint, the Spear
humours. Hippocrates commended it !
Mint, or Heart Mint, being most usual,
wonderfully for women's diseases, and ap- ! I shall only describe as follows :

plied to the secret parts, to ease the pains of| Descript] Spear Mint has divers round
the mother ; and used the decoction of it, stalks, and long but narrowish leaves set
both to procure women's courses, and to { thereon, of a dark green colour. The
expel the after-birth ; and gave the de- flowers stand in spiked heads at the tops
coction thereof with myrrh or pepper, or |
of the branches, being of a pale blue
used to apply the leaves outwardly against
j
colour. The smell or scent thereof is some-
the stranguary and diseases of the reins and 1 what near unto Bazil ; it encreases by the
bladder. He used it also for sore and j root under ground as all the others do.
watering eyes, and for the deafness and \ an usual inhabitant in gar-
Place.] It is

pains in the ears, by dropping the juice dens; and because it seldom gives any
j

thereof into them, and bathing them after- good seed, the seed is recompensed i1I
1
by
i i .mi i
i * _ i i / t / i
wards in white wine. The decoction there- the plentiful increase of the root, which
i

of made with water and a cock chicken, is being once planted in a garden, will hardly
;

a most safe medicine against the hot fits of be rid out again,
\

agues. It also cleanses the breast and lungs

Time] It flowers not until the beginning
of phlegm, but a offends the stomach. of August, for the most part.
little *

The juice or distilled water snuffed up into; Government and virtues] It is an herb
the nostrils, purges the head and eyes
ofjof Venus. Dioscorides saith it hath a
catarrhs and rheums. Some use to drink healing, binding and drying quality, and
j

two or three ounces of the distilled water, j therefore the juice taken in vinegar, stays
with a little sugar put to it, in the morning j bleeding : It stirs up venery, or bodily lust;
fasting, open and purge the body of two or three branches thereof taken in the
to !

gross, viscous, and melancholy humours, juice of four pomegranates, stays the hic-
t

Matthiolus saith, that both the seed of the cough, vomiting, and allays die choler.
\ It
male and female Mercury boiled with dissolves imposthumes being laid to with
j

Wormwood and drank, cures the yellow barley-meal. It is good to repress the
; j

jaundice in a speedy manner. The leaves milk in women's breasts, and for such as
5
118 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
have. swollen, flagging, or great breasts. { turn to place, the decoction being gar-
1
its

Applied with salt, it helps the biting of a :

gled and held in the mouth,
mad dog ; with mead and honeyed water, j The virtues of the Wild or Horse Mint,
it eases the pains of the ears, and takes | such as grow in ditches (whose description
away the roughness of the tongue, being \
I purposely omitted, in
regard they are
rubbed thereupon. It suffers not milk to well known) are wind
serviceable to dissolve
curdle in the stomach, if the leaves thereof in the and those
stomach, to help the cholic,
be steeped or boiled in it before you drink that are short-winded, and are an especial
it.
Briefly it is very profitable to the remedy for those that have veneral dreams
stomach. The often use hereof is a very and pollutions in the night, being outwardly
powerful medicine to stay women's courses applied. The juice dropped into the ears
and the whites. Applied to the forehead eases the pains of them, and destroys the
and temples, it eases the pains in the head, $ worms that breed therein. They are good
1* 1 111"!/*
and is good to wash the heads of young
* *

against
1 I

venemous biting of serpents.

the
f*

children therewith, against all manner of: The juice laid on warm, helps the king's
breakings-out, sores or scabs, therein. It evil,or kernels in the throat. The decoction
is also
profitable against the poison of ve- or distilled water helps a stinking breath,
nomous creatures. The distilled water of proceeding from corruption of the teeth,
Mint is available to all the purposes afore- and snuffed up the nose, purges the head.
said, yet more weakly. But if a spirit Pliny saith, that eating of the leaves hath
thereof be rightly and chymically drawn, been found by experience to cure the
it is much more
powerful than the herb leprosy, applying some of them to the face,
itself. Simeon Sethi saith, it helps a cold and to help the scurf or dandriff of the
liver, strengthens the belly, causes digestion, head used with vinegar. They are extremely
stays and hiccough
vomits it
; is
good bad for wounded people and they say a ;

against the gnawing of the heart, provokes wounded man that eats Mint, his wound

appetite, takes away obstructions of the will never be cured, and that is a long day
liver, and stirs up bodily lust ; but therefore
too much must not be taken, because it MISSELTO.
makes the blood thin and wheyish, and
turns it into choler, and therefore choleric DescriptJ] THIS rises up from the branch
persons must abstain from it. It is a safe or arm of the tree whereon it grows, with
medicine for the biting of a mad dog, being! a woody stem, putting itself into sundry
bruised with salt and laid thereon. The branches, and they again divided into many
powder of it being dried and taken after other smaller twigs, interlacing themselves
meat, helps digestion, and those that are one within another, very much covered
splenetic. Taken with wine, it helps women with a greyish green bark, having two leaves
in their sore travail in child-bearing. It is \ set atevery joint, and at the end likewise,
good against the gravel and stone in the \
which are somewhat long and narrow, small
kidneys, and the stranguary. Being i at the bottom, but broader towards the end.
smelled unto, comfortable for the head \ At the knots or joints of the boughs and
it is

and memory. The decoction hereof gar- branches grow small yellow flowers, which
gled in the mouth, cures the gums and j run into small, round, white, transparent
mouth that are sore, and mends an ill- berries, three or four together, full of a
5

savoured breath ; as also the Rue and Cori- \ glutinous moisture, with a blackish seed in
ander, causes the palate of the mouth to | each of them, which was never yet known
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
to spring, being put into the ground, or any wine
; lees works the
be added thereunto, it

where else to grow. stronger.

\ The Misselto itself of the oak
Place.] It grows very rarely on oaks i
(as the best) made into powder, and given
with us ; but upon sundry others as well in drink to those that have the falling sick-
i

timber as fruit trees, plentifully in woody ness, does assuredly heal them, as Matthi-
i

groves, and the like, through all this land, olus saith but it is fit to use it for forty
:
i

Time.'] It flowers in the Spring-time, days together.

! Some have so highly es-
but the berries are not ripe until October, teemed it for the virtues thereof, that they
and abides on the branches all the Winter, have called it Lignum Sanctice Crucis, Wood
j

unless the blackbirds, and other birds, do of the Holy Cross, believing it helps the
i

devour them. falling sickness, apoplexy and palsy very

i

Government and virtues] This is under {speedily, not only to be inwardly taken, but
the dominion of the Sun, I do not question; to be hung at their neck.
5

Tragus saith,
and can also take for granted, that which that the fresh wood of any Misselto bruised,
j

grows upon oaks, participates something of and the juice drawn forth and dropped in
|

the nature of Jupiter, because an oak is one; the ears that have imposthumes in them,
of his trees as also that which grows upon doth help and ease them within a few days,
; i

pear trees, and apple trees, participates;

c i , MONEYWORT, OR HERB TWOPENCE
something or his nature, because he rules ;

the tree it grows upon, having no root of j Descript.~\ THE common Moneywort
its own. But why that should have most sends ; forth from a small thready root divers
virtues that grows upon oaks I know not, long, weak, and slender branches, lying and
unless because it is rarest and hardest to; running upon the ground two or three feet
corne by and our college's opinion is in long or more, set with leaves two at a joint
; j

this contrary to scripture, which saith, Goem one against another at equal distances,
tender mercies are over all his works ; arid so which are almost round, but pointed at the
i

it is, let the college of

physicians walk as ends, smooth, and of a good green colour,
|

contrary to him as they please, and that isl At the joints with the leaves from the middle
as contrary as the east to the west. Clusius forward come forth at every point some-
j

affirms that which grows upon pear trees to times one yellow flower, and sometimes
j

be as prevalent, and gives order, that it two, standing each on a small foot-stalk,
j
should not touch the ground after it is and made of five leaves, narrow-pointed at
{

gathered and also saith, that, being hung the end, with some yellow threads in the
; i

about the neck, it remedies witchcraft, middle, which being past, there stand in
i

Both the leaves and berries of Misselto do their places small round heads of seed.
i

heat and dry, and are of subtle parts the ; Place.] It grows plentifully in almost
j
birdlime doth molify hard knots, tumours, jail places of this land, commonly in moist
and imposthumes ;
ripens and discusses grounds by hedge-sides, and in the middle
j

them, and draws forth thick as well as thin of grassy fields.

5

humours from the remote parts of the body, | Time.*] They flower in June and July,
digesting and separating them. And being arid their seed is ripe quickly after,
i

mixed with equal parts of rozin and Avax, j Government and virtues.] Venus owns it
doth molify the hardness of the spleen, and Moneywort is singularly good to stay all
|

helps old ulcers and sores. Being mixed fluxes in man or woman, whether they be
with Sandaric and Orpiment, it helps to lasks, bloody-fluxes, bleeding inwardly or
j
draw off foul nails ; and if quick-lime and outwardly, or the weakness of the stomach
i T
120 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
that is given to casting. It is very good | and May ; for in June, when any hot
also for the ulcers or excoriations of the weather comes, for the most part it is
j

lungs, or other inward parts. It is exceed- withered and gone,

j

ingly good for all wounds, either fresh or Government and virtues.'] The Moon owns
\

green, to heal them speedily, and for all the herb. Moonwort is cold and drying
old ulcers that are of spreading natures. more than Adder's Tongue, and is therefore
For all which purposes the juice of the $ held to be more available for all wounds
herb, or the powder drank in water where- j both inward and outward. The leaves
in hot steel hath been often quenched or ; boiled in red wine, and drank, stay the
j
the decoction of the green herb in wine or i immoderate flux of women's courses, and
water drank, or used to the outward place, i the whites. It also stays bleeding, vomit-
to wash or bathe them, or to have tents; ing, and other fluxes. It helps all blows

dipped therein and put into them, are ef- j

and bruises, and to consolidate all frac-
fectual. |
tures and dislocations. It is good for rup-
tures, but is chiefly used, by most with
MOONWORT j
other herbs, to make oils or balsams to heal
DescriptJ\ IT rises
up usually but with fresh or green wounds (as I said before)
one dark green, thick and flat leaf, stand- either inward or outward, for which it is
upon a short foot-stalk not
ing**'. above two excellently good.
~
fingers breadth but
; when it flowers it may Moonwort is an herb which (they say)
be said to bear a small slender stalk about j will open locks, and unshoe such horses as
four or five inches high, having but oneUread upon it: This some laugh to scorn,
leaf in the middle thereof, which is much ] and those no small fools neither but coun- ;

divided on both sides into sometimes five I try people, that I know, call it Unshoe the
or seven parts on a side, sometimes more Horse.
; Besides I have heard commanders
;

each of which parts is small like the middle say, that on White Down in Devonshire,
j

rib, but broad forwards, pointed and round, near Tiverton, there were found
\ thirty
resembling therein a half-moon, from whence* horse shoes, pulled off from the feet of the
it took the name; the uppermost parts or Earl of Essex's horses,
j being there drawn
divisions being bigger than the lowest, up in a body, many of them being but
i

The stalks rise above this leaf two or three | newlv shod, and no reason known, which
1 fc.

inches, bearing many branches of small > caused much admiration: the herb des-
long tongues, every one like the spiky head cribed usually grows upon heaths.
,

of the adder's tongue, of a brownish colour, ;

(which, whether I shall call them flowers, or j

the seed, I well know not) which, after they I I SHALL not trouble the reader with
have continued awhile, resolve into a mealy a description of these, since my intent is to
dust. The root is small and fibrous. This speak only of two kinds, as the most prin-
hath sometimes divers such like leaves as viz. Ground Moss and Tree Moss,
jcipal,
are before described, with so many branches both which are very well known.
i

or tops rising from one stalk, each divided! P/crce.] The Ground Moss grows in our
from the other. moist woods, and at the bottom of hills, in
j

PlaceJ] It grows on hills and heaths, boggy grounds, and in shadowy ditches,
j

yet where there is much

grass, for therein and many other such like places.
j
The Tree
it
delights to grow. Moss grows only on trees.
\

TimeJ] It is to be found only in April \ Government and virtues.~\ All sorts of

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 121

Mosses under the dominion of Saturn, i every joint, which are somewhat broad and
art-

The Ground Moss is held to be singularly !

long, as if it were rough
or crumpled, with
good to break the stone, and to expel and \ many great veins therein of a sad green
drive it forth by urine, being boiled in wine \ colour, and deeply dented about the edges,
and drank. The herb being bruised and \ and almost divided. From the middle of
boiled in water, and applied, eases all in- \ the branches up to the tops of them (which
flammations and pains coming from an hot are long and small) grow the flowers round
j
cause; and is therefore used to ease the j them at distances, in sharp pointed, rough,
pains of the gout. j
hard husks, of a more red or purple colour
The Tree Mosses are cooling and binding, \
than Balm or Horehound, but in the same
and partake of a digesting and molifying manner or form as the Horehound, after
quality withal, as Galen saith. But each which come small, round, blackish seeds in
Moss partakes of the nature of the tree great plenty. The root sends forth a num-
from whence it is taken ; therefore that of
\ ber of
long strings and small fibres, taking
the oak is more binding, and is of good effect of a dark yellow-
strong hold in the ground,
i

to stay fluxes in man or woman ; as also ish or brownish colour, and abides as the

vomiting or bleeding, the powder thereof Horehound does the smell of the one not :

being taken in wine. The decoction there- much differs from the other.
of in wine is very good for women to be; Place.'] It grows only in gardens with us
bathed are troubled with the over-
in, that ;

in
England.
flowing of their courses. The same being j
Government and virtues.~\ Venus owns the
drank, stays the stomach that is troubled herb, and it is under Leo. There is no better
with casting, or hiccough and, as Avicena
; herb to take melancholy vapours from the
saith, it comforts the heart. The powder heart, to strengthen it, and make a merry,
thereof taken in drink for some time chearful, blithe soul than this herb. It may
together, is thought available for the dropsy, be kept in a syrup or conserve ; therefore
The oil that has had fresh Moss steeped '(
the Latins called it Cardiaca. Besides, it
therein for a time, and afterwards boiled i
makes women joyful mothers of children,
and applied to the temples and forehead,; and settles their wombs as they should be,
marvellously eases the head-ache com- therefore we call it Motherwort. It is held
ing of a hot cause as also the distillations |
; to be of much use for the trembling of the
of hot rheums or humours in the eyes, or heart,and faintings and swoonings ; from
|
other parts. The ancients much used it in | whence it took the name Cardiaca. The
their ointments and other medicines
against \ powder thereof, to the quantity of a spoon-
the lassitude, and to strengthen and com- \ fill, drank in wine, is a wonderful help to
fort the sinews For which, if it was good
:
\
women in their sore travail, as also for the
then, I know no reason but it may be found suffocating or risings of the mother,
and for
so still. these effects, it is likely it took the name of
Motherwort with us. It also provokes
MOTHERWORT. \
urine and women's courses, cleanses the
chest of cold phlegm, oppressing it, kills
|

[>escript.'] THIS hath a square, | worms in the belly.

hard, It is of good use to
brownish, rough, strong stalk, rising three j warm and dry up the cold humours, to
or four feet high at least,
spreading into* digest and disperse them that are settled
many branches, whereon grow leaves on * in the veins, joints, and sinews of the body,
each side, with long foot-stalks, two at and to help cramps and convulsions.
|
122 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
M M
< j N K r, AK .
{ stays the fluxes
i>
of blood, either at the mouth
1 * i* t
or nose, and inward
j
bleeding also, for it is
Descript."] MOUSE-EAR a low herb, ja singular wound herb for wounds both in-
is

strings, j ward and outward

creeping upon the ground
by small It helps the :
bloody
like the Strawberry plant, whereby it shoots j flux, and helps the abundance of women's
forth small roots, whereat grow, upon the courses. There is a syrup made of the
\

ground, many small and somewhat short 'juice hereof and sugar, by the
apothecaries
leaves, set in a round form together, and of Italy, and other places, which is of much
!

very hairy, which, being broken, do give a \ account with them, to be given to those
whitish milk From among these leaves I that are troubled with the cough or phthisic,
:

spring up two or three small hoary stalks The same also is singularly good for rup-
1

about a span high, with a few smaller leaves tures or burstings. The green herb bruised
thereon ; at the tops whereof stands usually and presently bound to any cut or wound,
but one flower, consisting of many pale yel- doth quickly solder the lips thereof. And
low leaves, broad at the point, and a little the juice, decoction, or powder of the dried
dented in, set in three or four rows (the j herb is most singular to stay the malignity
greater uppermost) very like a Dandelion | of spreading and fretting cankers and ulcers
flower, and a little reddish underneath about whatsoever, yea in the mouth and secret
j

the edges, especially if it grow in a dry parts. The distilled water of the plant is
j

ground ; which after they have stood long available in all the diseases aforesaid, and
I

in flower do turn into down, which with the t to wash outward wounds and sores, by
seed is carried away with the wind. \ applying tents of cloths wet therein.

PlaceJ] It grows on ditch banks, and 1

sometimes in ditches, if they be dry, and in I

sandy grounds. 1
Descript.~\ COMMON Mugwort hath
Time.'] It flowers about June or July, \ divers leaves lying upon the ground, very
and abides green all the Winter. \ much divided, or cut deeply in about the
Government and virtues. The Moon owns ~\
\ brims, somewhat like Wormwood, but much
this herb also ; and though authors cry out |
larger, of a dark green colour on the upper
upon Alchymists, for attempting to fix $ side, and very hoary white underneath,
quicksilver by this herb and Moonwort, a The stalks rise to be four or five feet high,
j

Roman would not have judged a thing by having on it such like leaves as those below,
\

the success if it be to be fixed at all, it is but somewhat smaller, branching forth

; j

by lunar influence. The juice thereof! very much towards the top, whereon are
taken in wine, or the decoction thereof set very small, pale, yellowish flowers like
j

drank, doth help the jaundice, although of \ buttons, which fall away, and after them
long continuance, to drink thereof morn- \ come small seeds inclosed in round heads
ing and evening, and abstain from other The root is long and hard, with many small
*

drink two or three hours after. It is as fibres growing from it, whereby it takes

special remedy against the stone, and the strong hold on the ground ; but both stalks
5

tormenting pains thereof: as also other tor- and leaves do lie down every year, and the
$

tures and griping pains of the bowels. The i root shoots anew in the Spring. The whole
decoction thereof with Succory and Cen- j plant is of a reasonable scent, and is more
taury is held very effectual to help the | easily propagated by the slips than the
dropsy, and them that are inclining there- \ seed.
unto, and the diseases of the spleen. It\ Place ~\
It grows plentifully in many
 I' I
ATF, J3.

Mi> vise Ear Mill \V < M '

1

Yrllo-w Moiiev won ii.-k Mullei M ( ) I ll ( ) \v 01- 1

White Mullein

'
^S KKI.l.V, I.OXIXTK
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 123

water-sides as the body, and the unripe binding it, es-

places of this land, by the ;
j

also by small water courses, and in divers

j
pecially when they are dried, and then they
other places. 1
are good to stay fluxes, lasks, and the abun-
Time.] It flowers and seeds in the end dance of women's courses. The bark of
I

of Summer. the root kills the broad worms in the

j
body.
Government and virtues.] This is an herb : The juice, or the syrup made of the juice of
of Venus, therefore maintains the parts of; the berries, helps all inflammations or sores
the body she rules, remedies the diseases of Jin the mouth, or throat, and palate of
the parts that are under her signs, Taurus j the mouth when it is fallen doAvn. The
and Libra. Mugwort is with good success juice of the leaves is a remedy against the
;

are boiled for * biting of serpents, and for those that have
put among other herbs that
women to apply the hot decoction to draw \ taken aconite. The leaves beaten with
down their courses, to help the delivery of: vinegar, are good to lay on any place that
the birth, and expel the after-birth. As is burnt with fire.
; A decoction made of
also for the obstructions and inflammations i the bark and leaves is
good to wash the
of the mother. It breaks the stone, and 1 mouth and teeth when they ache. If the
the where they root be a little slit or cut, and a small hole
opens urinary passages
are stopped. The juice thereof made up made in the ground next thereunto, in the
with Myrrh, and put under as a pessary, Harvest-time, it will give out a certain
works the same effects, and so does the j juice, which being hardened the next day,
root also. Being made up with hog's \ is of good use to help the tooth-ache, to
grease into an ointment, it takes away wens dissolve knots, and purge the belly. The
and hard knots and kernels that grow about leaves of Mulberries are said to slay bleecl-
the neck and throat, and eases the pains ing at the mouth or nose, or the bleeding of
about the neck more effectually, if some; the piles, or of a wound, being bound unto
Field Daisies be put with it. The herb itself the places.
j
A branch of the tree taken
being fresh, or the juice thereof taken, is at when the moon is at the full, and bound to

the wrists of a woman's arm, whose courses

special remedy upon the overmuch taking)
of opium. Three drams of the powder of come down too much, doth stay them in a
j

the dried leaves taken in wine, is a speedy 5 short space,

and the best certain help for the sciatica, i
A decoction thereof made with Camomile \
and Agrimony, and the place bathed there-
j
Descript.] COMMON White Mullein has
with while it is warm, takes away the pains j many fair, large, woolly white leaves, lying
of the sinews, and the cramp. next the ground, somewhat larger than
|
;
broad, pointed at the end, and as it were
THE MULBERRY-TREE.
\denied about the edges. The stalk rises
THIS is so well known where it
grows, j up to be four or five feet high, covered over
that it needs no description. jwith such like leaves, but less, so that no
It bears fruit in the months of { stalk can be seen for the multitude of leaves
Time.]
July and August. \ thereon
up to the flowers, which come for th
Government and virtues ] Mercury rules \ on all sides of the stalk, without any branches
the tree, therefore are its effects variable \ for the most part, and are many set together
as his are. The Mulberry is of different in a long spike, in some of a yellow colour,
parts ; the ripe berries, by reason of their j* in others more pale, consisting of five round
sweetness and slippery moisture, opening pointed leaves, which afterwards have small
K K
124 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
round heads, wherein is small brownish j and heal them also. The leaves bruised
seed contained. The root is long, white, and wrapped in double papers, and covered
|

and woody, perishing after it hath borne: with hot ashes and embers to laake a while,
seed. >and then taken forth and laid warm on any
Place.'] It grows by way-sides and lanes, | blotch or boil happening in the groin or
in many places of this land. \ share,
doth dissolve and heal them. The
Time.~\ It flowers in July or thereabouts, seed
j
bruised and boiled in wine, and laid
Government and virtues.'] It is under the on any member that has been out of joint,
j

dominion of Saturn. A small quantity of; and newly set again, takes away all swel-
the root given in wine, is commended by !
ling and pain thereof.
Dioscorides, against lasks and fluxes of the I

belly. The decoction hereof drank, is pro- j

fitable for those that are bursten, and for| Descript."] OUR common Mustard hath
cramps and convulsions, and for those that: large and broad rough leaves, very much
are troubled with an old cough. The de- jagged with uneven and unorderly gashes,
1

coction thereof gargled, eases the pains of somewhat like turnip leaves, but less and
i

the tooth-ache. And the oil made by the rougher. The stalk rises to be more than
\

often infusion of the flowers, is of very good foot high, and sometimes two feet
ja high,
effect for the piles. The decoction of the being round, rough, and branched at the
*

root in red wine or in water, (if there be top, bearing such like leaves thereon as
j

an ague) wherein red hot steel hath been grow below, but lesser, and less divided,
j

often quenched, doth stay the bloody-flux. and divers yellow flowers one above another
5

The same also opens obstructions of the at the tops, after which come small rough
{

bladder and reins. A decoction of the pods, with small, lank, flat ends, wherein
|

leaves hereof, and of Sage, Marjoram, and is contained round yellowish seed, sharp,
|

Camomile flowers, and the places bathed hot, and biting upon the tongue. The root
{

therewith, that have sinews stiff with cold is small, long, and woody when it bears
}

or cramps, doth bring them much ease and stalks, and perishes every year,
j

comfort. Three ounces of the distilled \ This grows with us in gardens

Place.]
water of the flowers drank morning and only, and other manured places,
j

It is an annual
evening for some days together, is said to be J
Time.'] plant, flowering
the most excellent remedy for the gout. in July, and the seed is ripe in August.
!

The juice of the leaves and flowers being j

Government and virtues."] It is an excel-
laid upon rough warts, as also the powder lent sauce for such whose blood wants clari-
|

of the dried roots rubbed on, doth easily fying, and for weak stomachs, being an
\

take them away, but doth no good to herb of Mars, but naught for choleric
i

smooth warts. The powder of the dried people, though as good for such as are
}

flowers is an especial remedy for those that aged, or troubled with cold diseases.
i Aries
are troubled with the belly-ache, or the claims something, to do with it, therefore it
\

pains of the cholic. The decoction of the strengthens the heart, and resists poison
j
.

root, and so likewise of the leaves, is oft Let such whose stomachs are so weak they
great effect to dissolve the tumours, swel- cannot digest their meat, or appetite it, take
:

lings, or inflammations of the throat. The of Mustard-seed a dram, Cinnamon as much,

j

seed and leaves boiled in wine, and ap- and having beaten them to powder, and
j

plied, draw forth speedily thorns or splin- half as much Mastich in powder, and with
:

ters gotten into the flesh, ease the pains, i gum Arabic dissolved in rose-water, make
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
it into troches, of which they may take The seed bruised mixed with honey, and
up 5

one of about half a dram weight an hour or J applied, or made up with wax, takes away
two before meals ; let old men and women i the marks and black and blue spots of
make much of this medicine, and they will bruises, or the like, the roughness or scab-
:

either give me thanks, or shew manifest biness of the skin, as also the leprosy, and
5

ingratitude. Mustard seed hath the virtue \ lousy evil. It helps also the crick in the
of heat, discussing, ratifying, and drawing neck. The distilled water of the herb, when
{

out splinters of bones, and other things or'j it is in the flower, is much used to drink
the flesh. It is of good effect to bring | inwardly to help in any of the diseases
'lown women's courses, for the falling-sick- j aforesaid, or to wash the mouth when the
ness or lethargy, drowsy forgetful evil, to j palate is down, and for the disease of the
use it both inwardly and outwardly, to rub throat to gargle, but outwardly also for
|

the nostrils, forehead and temples, to warm | scabs, itch, or other the like infirmities, and
and quicken the spirits; for by the fierce 1 cleanses the face from morphew,
spots,
sharpness it purges the brain by sneezing, j
freckles, and other deformities,
and drawing down rheum and other vis-j
cous humours, which by their distillations j THE HEDGE-MUSTARD.
upon the lungs and chest, procure coughing, \

and therefore, with some, honey added? Descript.~\ THIS grows up usually but
thereto, doth much good therein. The de-l with one blackish green stalk, tough, easy
coction of the seed made in wine, and | to bend, but not to break, branched into
drank, provokes urine, resists the force of j divers parts, and sometimes with divers
poison, the malignity of mushrooms, and stalks, set full of branches, whereon grow
|

venom of scorpions, or other venomous i long, rough, or hard rugged leaves, very
creatures, if it be taken in time ; and taken much tore or cut on the edges in many
5

before the cold fits of agues, alters, lessens, j parts, some bigger, and some less, of a
and cures them. The seed taken either by 3 dirty green colour. The flowers are small
itself, or with other things, either in anelec-^and yellow, that grow on the tops of the

tuary or drink, doth mightily stir up bodily j branches in long spikes, flowering by de-
lust, and helps the spleen and pains in the grees so that continuing long in flower,
;

sides, and gnawings in the bowels; and the stalk will have small round cods at the
used as a gargle draws up the palate of the bottom, growing upright and close to the
mouth, being fallen down and also it dis- stalk, while the top flowers yet shew them-
; \

solves the swellings about the throat, if it! selves, in which are contained small yellow
be outwardly applied. Being chewed in seed, sharp and strong, as the herb is also.
|

the mouth it oftentimes helps the tooth-ache. The root grows down slender and woody,
>

The outward application hereof upon the yet abiding and springing again every
j

pained place of the sciatica, discusses the j year.

humours, and eases the pains, as also the! P/crce.] This grows frequently in this
gout, and other joint aches; and is much land, by j the ways and hedge-sides, and
and often used to ease pains in the sides or \ sometimes in the open fields.
loins, the shoulder, or other parts of the Time.~] It flowers most usually about
j

body, upon the plying thereof to raise July. j

blisters, and cures the disease by drawing Government and

t
virtues.] Mars owns this
it, to theoutward parts of the body. It is
{
herb also. It is singularlygood in all the
also used to help the falling off the hair. \ diseases of the chest and lungs, hoarseness
12C THE COMPLETE HERBAL
of voice : and by the use of the decoction 1
thereof for a little space, those have beenj NET, OR CATMINT.
recovered who had utterly lost their voice,
and almost their spirits also. The juice { DescriptJ] COMMON
Garden Nep shoots
thereof made into a syrup, or licking medi- forth hard four-square stalks, with a hoari-
5

cine, with honey or sugar, is no less effec-lness on them, a yard high or more, full of
tual for the same purpose, and for all other! branches, bearing at every joint two broad
coughs, wheeling, and shortness of breath, leaves like balm, but longer pointed, softer,
j

The same is also profitable for those that white, and more hoary, nicked about the
j

have the jaundice, pleurisy, pains in the edgres, and of a strong sweet scent. The
\

back and loins, and for torments in the } flowers grow in large tufts at the tops of the
belly, or cholie, being also used in clysters, j branches, and underneath them likewise on
The seed is held to be a special remedy the stalks many together, of a whitish pur-
j

ugainst poison and venom. It is singularly 1 pie colour. The roots are composed of
good for the sciatica, and in joint-aches, j many long strings orfibres, fastening them-
ulcers, and cankers in the mouth, throat, or j
selves stronger inthe ground, and abide
behind the ears, and no the hard-
less for 1 with green leaves thereon all the winter,
ness and swelling of the testicles, or of* Place.] It is only nursed up in our
women's breasts. | gardens.
TimeJ] And it flowers in July, or there-
NAILWORT, OR WHITLOW-GRASS. j
aboutS.
Government and virtues.] It is an herb of
Descript.~\ THIS very small and common | Venus. Nep is generally used for women
herb hath no roots, save only a few strings: | to procure their courses, being laKen in-
neither doth it ever grow to be above a wardly or outwardly, either alone, or with
j

hand's breadth high, the leaves are very \ other convenient herbs in a decoction to
small, and something long, not much unlike bathe them, or sit over the hot fumes there-
j

those of Chickweed, among which rise up j of; and by the frequent use thereof, it takes
divers slender stalks, bearing many white away barrenness, and the wind, and pains
\

flowers one above another, which are ex- of the mother.

1 It is also used in pains of

ceeding small; after which come small; the head coming of any cold cause, catarrhs,
flat pouches containing the seed, which is* rheums, and for swimming and giddiness
very small, but of a sharp taste. thereof, and is of special use for the wind-
j

P/rtce.] It grows commonly

upon oldjiness of the stomach and belly. It is ef-
stone and brick walls, and sometimes in factual for any cramp, or cold aches, to dis-
?

gravelly grounds, especially if there be solve cold and wind that afflict the place,
j

grass or moss near to shadow it. and is used for colds, coughs, and short-
\

Time.~\ They flower very early in the ness of breath. The juice thereof drank
?

year, sometimes in January, and in in wine, is profitable for those that are
|

February for before the end of April they bruised by an accident. The green herb
; I

are not to be found. bruised and applied to the fundament, and

;

Government and virtues.'] It is held to be lying there two or three hours, eases the
!

exceedingly good for those

imposthumes pains of the piles; the juice also being made
in \

the joints, and under the nails, which they up into an ointment, is effectual for ihe
\

call Whitlows, Felons, Andicorns and Nail- same purpose.

1
The head washed with a
;
wheals. 5 decoction thereof, it takes away scabs
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 127

and may be effectual for other parts of the i

together, stays bleeding at the mouth. The
body also. seed being drank, is a remedy against the
]

stinging of venomous creatures, the biting

NETTLES. of mad dogs, the poisonous qualities of
Hemlock, Henbane, Nightshade, Mandrake,
NETTLES are so well known, that they or other such like herbs that stupify or dull
;

need no description; they may be found the senses; as also the lethaigy, especially
j

by feeling, in the darkest night. I to use it

outwardly, to rub the forehead or
Government and virtues.] This is also temples in the lethargy, and the places
5

an herb Mars claims dominion over. You stung or bitten with beasts, with a little salt,
>

know Mars is hot and dry, and you know The distilled water of the herb is also effec-
\

as well that Winter is cold and moist then tual (though not so powerful) for the dis-
; $

you may know as well the reason why j eases aforesaid ; as for outward wounds
Nettle-tops eaten in the Spring consume; and sores to wash them, and to cleanse the
the phlegmatic superfluities in the body or skin from morphew, leprosy, and other
1

man, that the coldness and moistness of discolourings thereof. The seed or leaves
>

Winter hath left behind. 1 he roots or bruised, and put into the nostrils, stays the
|

leaves boiled, or the juice of either of them, bleeding of them, and takes away the flesh
1

or both made into an electuary with honey { growing in them called polypus. The juice
and sugar, is a safe and sure medicine to of the leaves, or the decoction of them, or
j

open the pipes and passages of the lungs, of the root, is singularly good to wash either
j

which is the cause of wheezing and short- old, rotten, or stinking sores or fistulous,
j

ness of breath, and helps to expectorate and gangrenes, and such as fretting, eating,
\

tough phlegm, as also to raise the impost- or corroding scabs, manginess, and itch,
j

humed pleurisy and spend it by spitting; in any part of the body, as also green
; |

the same helps the swelling of the almonds wounds, by washing them therewith, or ap-
j
of the throat, the mouth and throat being -plying the green herb bruised thereunto,
gargled therewith. The juice is also effec- yea, although the flesh were separated from
1

tual to settle the palate of the mouth in its the bones; the same applied to our wearied
j

place, and to heal and temper the inflam- members, refresh them, or to place those
j

mations and soreness of the mouth and that have been out of joint, being first set
i

throat. The decoction of the leaves in up again, strengthens, dries, and comforts
j

wine, being drank, singularly good to pro- 1 them, as also those places troubled with
is
voke women's courses, and settle the suf- j aches and gouts, and the defluxion of
focation, strangling of the mother, and all \ humours upon the joints or sinews ; it eases
other diseases thereof; it is also applied out- the pains, and dries or dissolves the defluc-
wardly with a little myrrh. The same also, j tions. An ointment made of the juice,
or the seed provokes urine, and expels the oil, and a little wax, is
|
singularly good to
gravel and stone in the reins or bladder, rub cold and benumbed members. An
often proved to be effectual in many that i handful of the leaves of
green Nettles, and
have taken it. The same kills the worms another of Wallwort, or Deanwort, bruised
|

in children, eases
pains in the sides, and and applied simply themselves to the gout,
;

dissolves the windiness in the

spleen, as sciatica, or joint aches in any part, hath
s

also in the body, others think it | been found to be an admirable help there-
although
only powerful to provoke venery. The junto,
juice of the leaves taken two or three days i
128 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
? mouth and
throat that is inflamed But :
NIGHTSHADE. i n ^i .1 c- i i i

outwardly
5 the juice or the herb or berries,
Descript.] COMMON Nightshade hath: with oil of roses and a little vinegar and
an upright, round green, hollow stalk, about j ceruse laboured together in a leaden mortar,
a foot or half a yard high, bushing forth in is very good to anoint all hot inflammations
j

many branches, whereon grow many green in the eyes. It also doth much good for
i

leaves, somewhat broad, and pointed at the the shingles, ringworms, and in all running,
j

ends, soft and full of juice, somewhat like fretting

>
and corroding ulcers, applied
unto Bazil, but longer and a little unevenly thereunto.
j The juice dropped into the
dented about the edges: At the tops of the ears, eases pains thereof that arise of heat
|

stalks and branches come forth three or>or inflammations. And Pliny saith, it is
four more white flowers made of five small good for hot swellings under the throat
i

pointed leaves a-piece, standing on a stalk Have a care you mistake not the deadly
I

together, one above another, with yellow Nightshade for this

: if you know it not,
;

pointels in the middle, composed of four or? you may let them both alone, and take no
five yellow threads set together, which af- harm, having other medicines sufficient in
terwards run into so many pendulous green the book.
berries, of the bigness of small pease, full of i
% T* TT P f} A1*"

green juice, and small whitish round flat]

seed lying within it. The root is white,; IT is so well known (the timber thereor
and a little woody when it hath given flower oeing the glory and safety of this nation
;

and fruit, with many small fibres at it ;: by sea) that it needs no description.
The whole plant is of a waterish insipid j
Government and virtues.] Jupiter owns
taste, but the juice within the berries isithe tree. The leaves and bark of the Oak,
somewhat viscous, and of a cooling and j and the acorn cups, do bind and dry very
binding quality. imuch. The inner bark of the tree, and
Place.] It grows wild with us under our j
the thin skin that covers the acorn, are
walls, and in rubbish, the common paths, most used to stay the spitting of blood, and
and sides of hedges and fields, as also in the bloody-flux. The decoction of that
our gardens here in England, without any bark, and the powder of the cups, do stay
planting. jvomitings, spitting of blood, bleeding at
It lies down every year, and the mouth, or other fluxes of blood, in
Time.]
rises up again of its own sowing, but springs men or women ; lasks also, and the noctur-
not until the latter end of April at the nal involuntary flux of men. The acorn in
\

soonest. s
powder taken in wine, provokes urine, and
Government and virtues] It is a cold resists the poison of venomous creatures.
i

Saturnine plant. The common Night- The decoction of acorns and the bark made
:

shade is wholly used to cool hot inflam- ! in milk and taken, resists the force of poi-
mations either inwardly or outwardly, sonous herbs and medicines, as also the
\

being no ways dangerous to any that use it, virulencyof cantharides, when one by eating
\

as most of the rest of the Nightshades are i them hath his bladder exulcerated, and
;

yet it must be used moderately. The dis- voids bloody urine. Hippocrates saith, he
j

tilled water only of the whole herb is fittest used the fumes of Oak leaves to women that
j

and safest to be taken inwardly The juice were troubled with the strangling of the
:
j

also clarified and taken, being mingled mother and Galen applied them, being
j
;

with a little
vinegar, is good to wash the bruised, to cure green wounds.
j
The dis-
 II ia < k Mi: s i a i' il < <>niiiiou_ N i-gli-t slxade
Deadly Nightshade

VTOT i

t i> n 1'.* i s i i i
j
I*-.' i
V iUi 1 'a i s in ji

TIIOM AS KE1.L.Y, I. ON 1M NT. 1633

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
water of the Oaken bud, before they jthe upper crust of the earth, shooting forth
tilled
break out into leaves is good to be used i in divers places.
either inwardly or outwardly, to assuage PlaceJ] It grows in moist, shadowy,
|

inflammations, and to stop all manner of j and grassy places

of woods, in many parts
fluxes in man or woman. The same is \
of this land.
It flowers about May, and the
singularly good in pestilential and hot j Time.']
and then quickly
burning fevers; for it resists the force of j berries are ripe in June,
the infection, and allays the heat It cools : until the next year it springs from
| perishes,

the heat of the liver, breaking the stone in the same root again.
j

the kidneys, and stays women's courses. \ Government and virtues.'] It is a precious
The decoction of the leaves works the same herb of the Sun. Half a dram, or a dram
j

effects. The water found in the at most, in powder of the roots hereof taken
that is
j
hollow places of old Oaks, is very effectual in wine and vinegar, of each equal parts,
against any foul or spreading scabs. The j and the party laid presently to sweat there-
distilled water (or concoction, which is upon, is held to be a sovereign remedy for
{

better) of the leaves, is one of the best those that are infected with
j
the plague, and
remedies that I know of for the whites in \ have a sore upon them, by expelling the
women. poison and infection,
I and defending the
heart and spirits from danger. It is a sin-
' j
s
and
gularly good wound herb,
'
is thereupon
ARE so well known that they need no used with other the like effects in many
5

description. compound balms for curing of wounds, be

\

Government and virtues.'] Oats fried with they fresh and green, or old and malignant,
*

bay salt, and applied to the sides, take and if the sinews be burnt.
j especially
away the pains of stitches and wind in the i
sides or the belly. A
poultice made of] ORCHIS.
meal of Oats, and some oil of Bays put
thereunto, helps the itch and the leprosy, IT has almost as many several names
as also the fistulas of the fundament, and attributed to the several sorts of it, as would
dissolves hard imposthumes. The meal of: almost fill a sheet of paper as dog-stones, ;

Oats boiled with vinegar, and applied, fool-stones, fox-stones, satiri-

j goat-stones,
takes away freckles and spots in the face, con, cullians, others too
j together with many
and other parts of the body. tedious to rehearse.
j

ONE BLADE To describe all the several

Descript."]
sorts of it were an endless piece of work ;
|

Descript^] THIS
small plant never bears ! therefore I only describe the roots,
shall
more than one leaf, but only when it rises because they are to be used with some dis-
j

up with his stalk, which thereon bears |

cretion. They have each of them a double
another, and seldom more, which are of a J
root within, some of them are round, in
blueish green colour, pointed, with others like a hand these roots alter every
many :
;

ribs or veins therein, like Plantain. At the when the one rises and
|
year by course,
top of the stalk small white
grow many \ waxesfull,theotherwaxeslank,andperishes.
smelling somewhat Now, it is that which is full which is to be
flowers, star fashion, j

sweet; after which come small red berries,! used in medicines, the other being either of
when they are ripe. The root is small, of the no use at all, or else,
j
according to the
bigness of a rush, lying and creeping under I humour of some, it destroys and disannuls
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the virtues of the other, quite undoing what the place with good treacle, ana after to
that doth. roast it well under the embers, which, after
Time.~] One or other of them may be \ taking away the outermost skin thereof,
found in flower from the beginning of April :

being beaten together, is a sovereign salve

to the latter end of for either plague or sore, or any other
August.
Government and virtues J] They are hot putrefied ulcer. The juice of Onions is
and moist in operation, under the dominion good for either scalding or burning by fire,
of Dame Venus, and provoke lust exceed- water, or gunpowder, and used with vine-
ingly, -vhich, they say, the dried and 'gar, takes away all blemishes, spots and
withered roots do restrain. They are held marks in the skin \
and dropped in the :

to kill worms in children; as also,

being! ears, eases the pains and noise
of them,
bruised and applied to the place, to heal Applied also with figs beaten togettier, helps
j

the king's evil. to ripen and break imposthumes, and other

sores.
ONIONS.
Leeks are as like them in quality, as the
THEY are so well
known, that I need not
pome-water They are a
is like an apple :

spend time about writing a description of remedy against a surfeit of mushrooms,

being baked under the embers and taken ,,

Government and virtues.'] Mars owns and being boiled and applied very warm,
them, and they have gotten this quality, to help the piles. In other things they have
draw any corruption to them, for if you I the same property as the Onions, although
peel one, and lay it upon a dunghill, you not so effectual,
I

shall find it rotten in half a day,

by drawing
putrefaction to it then, being bruised and
;

applied to a plague sore, it is very probable Descript.~] COMMON Orpine rises up

it will do the like. Onions are flatulent, or I with divers rough brittle stalks, thick set
windy yet they do somewhat provoke with fat and fleshy leaves, without any
;
j

appetite, increase thirst, ease the belly and order, and little or nothing dented about
i

bowels, provoke women's courses, help the the edges, of a green colour
|
The flowers :

biting of a mad dog, and of other venomous are white, or whitish, growing in tufts, after
{

creatures, to be used with honey and rue, j which come small chaffy husks, with seeds
increase sperm, especially the seed of them, like dust in them.
j
The roots are divers
They also kill worms in children if they thick, round, white tuberous clogs ; and the
drink the water fasting wherein they have plant grows not so big in some places
as in
been steeped all night. Being roasted > others where it is found.
under the embers, and eaten with honey or Place.'] It is frequent in almost every
j

sugar and oil, they much conduce to help \ county of this land, and is cherished in
an inveterate cough, and expectorate the t
gardens with us, where it grows greater than
tough phlegm. The juice being snuffed I that which is wild, and grows in shadowj
up into the nostrils, purges the head, and j
sides of fields and woods.
helps the lethargy, (yet the often eating j Time.~\ It flowers about July, and the
them is said to procure pains in the head.) j seed is
ripe in August.
It hath been held by divers country people \ Government and virtues.']
The Moon
a great preservative against infection, to eat j
owns the herb, and he that knows but her
Onions fasting with bread and salt: As exaltaralion, knows what I say is true
j
aJso to make a great Onion hollow, filling Orpine is seldom used in inward medicines
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 131

with us, although Tragus saith from expe- i isalso effectual against the venom of any
rience in Germany, that the distilled water j poisonous creature,
and the danger that
thereof is profitable for gnawings or excori- \ comes to them that have the lethargy, and
ations in the stomach or bowels, or for ul- is as good against the cough.
{
The distilled
cers in the lungs, liver, or other inward J water of Parsley is a familiar medicine with
their children when they are
parts, as also in the matrix, and helps all nurses to give
!

those diseases, being drank for certain days troubled with wind in the stomach or belly
-- n i * 1 1 1 /*

the frets and is also much

_ 1*1 1.

together. It stays the sharpness of humours which they call

i
;

in the bloody-flux, and other fluxes in the available to them that are of great years
i

body, or in wounds. The root thereof The leaves of Parsley laid to the eyes that
j

also performs the like effect. It is used {are inflamed with heat, or swollen, doth
outwardly to cool any heat or inflammation much help them, if it be used with bread or
i

upon any hurt or wound, and eases the J meal ; and being fried with butter, and ap-
painsof them; as, also, to heal scaldings \ plied to women's breasts that are hard
or burnings, the juice thereof being beaten i through the curdling of their milk, it abates
with some green sallad oil, and anointed. \ the hardness quickly; and also takes away
The leaf bruised, and laid to any green t black and blue marks coming of bruises or
wound in the hand or legs, doth heal them j falls. The juice thereof dropped into the
quickly ;and being bound to the throat, j ears with a little wine, eases the pains,
much helps the quinsy ; it helps also rup- Tragus sets down an excellent medicine to
1

tures and burstenness. If you please to

help the jaundice and falling sickness, the.
j

make the juice thereof into a syrup with dropsy, and stone in the kidne} s, in this
I
r

honey or sugar, you may safely take a manner Take of the seed of Parsley, Fen-
| :

spoonful or two at a time, (let my author nel, Annise and Carraways, of each an
j

say what he will) for a quinsy, and you ounce ; of the roots of Parsley, Burnet,
j
shall find the medicine pleasant, and the
Saxifrage, and Carraways,
j
of each an ounce
cure speedy. jand an half; let the seeds be bruised, and
?
tne ro ts washed and cut small let them ;
PARSLEY '

lie all to steep in a bottle of white

| night
THIS is so well known, that it needs no \ wine, and in the morning be boiled in a

description. close earthen vessel until a third part or

j
Government and virtues^] It is under the more be wasted ; which being strained and
*

dominion of Mercury is very comfortable}

; cleared, take four ounces thereof morning
to the stomach helps to provoke urine and \
; and evening first abstaining from
and last,
women's courses, to break wind both in the! drink after it for three hours. This opens
stomach and bowels, and doth a little open obstructions of the liver and spleen, and
the body, but the root much more. urine.
It expels the
dropsy and jaundice by
opens obstructions both of liver and spleen, PARSLEY PIERT, OR PARSLEY BREAK
and is therefore accounted one of the five
STONE.
opening roots. Galen commended it

against the falling sickness, and to provoked Descript.~]

THE root, although it be very
urine mightily ; especially if the roots be small and
j thready, yet it continues many
boiled, and eaten like Parsnips. The seed 1 years, from which arise many leaves lying
is effectual to
provoke urine and women's ! along on the ground, each standing upon
courses, to expel wind, to break the stone, la long small foot-stalk, the leaves as broad
and ease the pains and torments thereof ; it las a man's nail, very deeply dented on the
M
132 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
edges, somewhat like a parsley-leaf, but of the seed being ripe about the beginning of
j

a very dusky green colour. The stalks are August, the second year after its sowing ;
<

very weak and slender, about three or four for if they do flower the first year, the coun-
fingers in length, set so full of leaves that try people call them Madneps.
they can hardly be seen, either having no Government and virtues.] The garden
foot-stalk at all, or but very short; the Parsnips are under Venus. The garden
* *
it i i i
flowers are so small they can hardly be Parsnip nourishes much, and is good and
;

seen, and the seed as small as may be. wholesome nourishment, but a little windy,
j

It is a common herb
Place."] throughout whereby it is thought to procure bodily
I

the nation, and rejoices in barren, sandy, lust ; but it fastens the body much, if much
{

moist places. It may bs found plentifully need. It is conducible to the stomach and
i

about Hampstead Heath, Hyde Park, and reins, and provokes urine. But the wild
|
in Tothill-fields. hath a cutting, attenuating, clean-
j Parsnips

TimeJ] It maybe found all the Sum- sing, and opening quality therein.
i It re-
mer-time, even from the beginning of April jsists and helps the bitings of serpents, eases
to the end of October. the pains and stitches in the sides, and dis-
5

Governmeni and virtues.] Its operation) solves wind both in the stomach and bowels,
is very prevalent to provoke urine, and to which is the cholic, and provokes urine,
j

break the stone. It is a very good salladlThe root is often used, but the seed much
herb. It were good the gentry would pickle more. The wild being better than the tame,
I

it
up as they pickle up Samphire for their shews Dame Nature to be the best phy-
i

use all the Winter. I cannot teach them sician.

j

how to do it; yet this

itI can tell them, it is* L^(J>V^Al\5INlr&
i mi i
a very wholesome herb. Ihey may also*
keep the herb dry, or in a syrup, if they Descript.~\
|
THIS grows with three or
please. You may take a dram of the pow- four large, spread winged, rough leaves,
1

derof it in white wine; it would bring awa^ lying often on the ground, or else raised a
|

gravel from the kidneys insensibly, and little from it, with long, round, hairy foot-
\

without pain. It also helps the stranguary. stalks under them, parted usually into five
j

divisions, the two couples standing each

against the other and one at the end, and
j
;

THE garden kind thereof is so well known each leaf, being almost round, yet some-
i

(the root being commonly eaten) that I what deeply cut in on the edges in some
j

shall not trouble you with any description leaves, and not so deep in others, of a whitish
i

of it. But the wild kind being of more green colour, smelling somewhat strongly;
j

physical use, I shall in this place describe among which rises up a round, crusted,
:

it unto you. hairy stalk, two or three feet high, with a

;

Descript.~\ The wild Parsnip differs few joints and leaves thereon, and branched
j

little from the garden, but grows not so fair at the top, where
;
stand large umbels of
and large, nor hath so many leaves, and the i white, and sometimes reddish flowers, and
root is shorter, more woody, and not so fit alter them flat, whitish, thin, winged seed,
j

to be eaten, and therefore more medicinal. two always joined together.

j
The root is
Place.] The name of the first shews the
long and
\ white, with two or three long

place
of its growth. The other grows wild :
strings growing down into the ground^
in divers places, as in the marshes in Roches- smelling likewise strongly and unpleasant
>

ter, and elsewhere, and flowers in July ; Place.] It grows in moist meadows, ana
5
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 133

the borders and corners of fields, and near 1 within the stone. It sooner waxes old,
ditches, through this land. land decays, than the Apricot, by much.
Tinted] It Sowers in July, and seeds in* Place.] They arc nursed in gardens and
August. orchards through this land.
Government and virtues.'] Mercury hath Time.'] They flower in the Spring, and
the dominion over them. The seed thereof, fructify in Autumn.
as Galen saith, is of a sharp and cutting Government and virtues.] Lady Venus
and therefore is a fit medicine for; owns this tree, and
quality, by it
opposes the
a cough and shortness of breath, the falling} effects of Mars, and indeed for children and
sickness and jaundice. The root is avail- \ young people, nothing is better to purge
able to allthe purposes aforesaid, and and the jaundice, than the leaves or
isjcholer
also of great use to take away the hard j flowers of this tree being made into a syrup
skin that grows on a fistula, if it be but or conserve. Let such as delight to please
>

scraped upon it. The seed hereof being* their lust regard the fruit but such as have
;

drank, cleanses the belly from tough phleg- \ lost their health, and their children's, let
malic matter therein, eases them that are them regard what I say, they may safely
liver-grown, women's passions of the mother, give two spoonfuls of the syrup at a time
i

as well being drank as the smoke thereof J it is as gentle as Venus herself. The leaves
received, and likewise raises such as are j of peaches bruised and laid on the belly,
fallen into a deep sleep, or have the lethargy, 1 kill worms, and so they do also
being
by burning it under their nose. The seed boiled in ale and drank, and open the belly
I

and root boiled in oil, and the head rubbed likewise ; and, being dried, is a far safer
therewith, helps not only those that are medicine to discuss humours. The pow-
fallen into a frenzy, but also the lethargy or der of them strewed upon fresh
bleeding
drowsy evil, and those that have been long I wounds stays their bleeding, and closes
troubled with the head-ache, if it be like- j them up. The flowers steeped all night in
wise used with Rue. It helps also the runn-j a little wine standing warm, strained forth

ing scab and shingles. The juice of the j in the morning, and drank fasting, doth
flowers dropped into the ears that run and gently open the belly, and move it down-
j
are full of matter, cleanses and heals them, j ward. A syrup made of them, as the syrup
THE PEACH TREE.
* de, works more forcibly than
[}
that
|
?
or roses, for it provokes vomiting, and
Descript.] A
PEACH Tree grows not so; spends waterish and hydropic humours by
great as the Apricot tree, yet spreads { the continuance thereof. The flowers made
branches reasonable well, from whence {into a conserve, work the same effect,
spring smaller reddish twigs, whereon are: The liquor that dropped from the tree, being
set long and narrow
green leaves dented I wounded, is given in the decoction of CoRs-
about the edges. The blossoms are greater \ foot, to those that are troubled with a cough
than the plumb, and of a light purple: or shortness of breath, by thereunto
adding
colour; the fruit round, and sometimes as j some sweet wine, and putting some saffron
Dig as a reasonable Pippin, others smaller, also therein.
I It is good for those that arc
as also differing in colour and taste, as rus- hoarse, or have lost their voice;
;
helps all
set, red, or yellow, waterish or firm, with a {defects of the lungs, and those that vomit
frize or cotton all over, with a cleft therein and
j spit blood. Two drams hereof given
like an Apricot, and a in the of lemons, or of radish, is good
rugged, furrowed, 5
juice
great stone within it, and a bitter kernel; for them that are troubled with the stone.
 134 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the kernels of the stones do wonderfully much more, and are
very good in repelling
ease the pains and Avringings of the belly medicines ; and if the wild sort be boiled
through wind or sharp humours, and help! with mushrooms, it makes them less dan-
to make an excellent medicine for the stone The said Pears boiled with a ,ittle
\ gerous.
upon all occasions, in this manner I take honey, help much the oppressed stomach,
:

fifty kernels of peach-stones, and one hundred as all sorts of them do, some more, some
\

of the kernels of cherry-stones^ a handful of\ less : but the harsher sorts do more cool
elder flowers fresh or dried, and three pints and bind,
\
serving well to be bound to green
of Muscadel; set them in a close pot into a bed \ wounds, to cool and stay the blood, and heal
of horse-dung for ten days, after which distill up the green wound without farther trouble,
in a glass with a
gentle Jire, and keep it for or inflammation, as Galen saithhehath found
\

your use You may drink upon occasion by experience. The wild Pears do sooner
:
\

three or four ounces at a time. The milk or close up the lipsof green wounds than others,
j

cream of these kernels being drawn forth j

Schola Selerni advises to drink much
Avith some Vervain water and applied to wine after Pears, or else (say
I
they) they are
the forehead and temples, doth much help as bad as poison ; nay, and they curse the
i

to procure rest and sleep to sick persons tree for it too ; but if a poor man find his
wanting it. The oil drawn from the kernels, stomach oppressed by eating Pears, it is but
the temples being therewith anointed, doth working hard, and it will do as well as
the like. The said oil put into clysters, \ drinking wine,
eases the *pains of the wind cholic : and i
PELLITORY OF SPAIN.
anointed -on the lower part orc the
i .1 i ,i
belJy, j
doth the like, and dropped into the ears, : COMMON Pellitory of Spain, if it be
eases pains in them ; the juice of the leaves planted in our gardens, will prosper very
|
doth the like. Being also anointed on the i well ; yet there is one sort growing ordina-
forehead and temples, it helps the megrim, here wild, which I esteem to be little
jrily
and all other pains in the head. If the | inferior to the other, if at all. I shall not
kernels be bruised and boiled in vinegar, deny you the description of them both.
until they become thick, and applied to the DescriptJ] Common Pellilory is a very
head, it
marvellously procures the hair to common plant, and will not be kept in our
grow again upon bald places, or where it is gardens without diligent looking to. The
too thin. root goes down right into the ground bear-

THE PEAR TREE. ing leaves, being long and finely cut upon
the stalk, lying on the ground, much larger
PEAR Trees are so well known, that they than the leaves of the Camomile are. At
need no description. the top it bears one single large flower at a
Government and virtues^] The Tree belongs place, having a border of many leaves,
to Venus, and so doth the Apple tree. For white on the upper side, and reddish under-
their physical use they are best discerned neath, with a yellow thrum in the middle,
by their taste. All the sweet and luscious { not standing so close as that of Camomile,
sorts, whether manured or wild, do help to 1 The other common Pellitory which
move the belly downwards, more or less. grows here, hath a root of a sharp biting
\

Those that are hard and sour, do, on the taste, scarcely discernible by the taste from
j

contrary, bind the belly as much, and the that before described, from whence arise
:

leaves do so also : Those that are moist do divers brittle stalks, a yard high and more
in some sort cool, but harsh or wild sorts | with narrow leaves finely dented about the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 18*

edges, standing
one above another up to black, rough seed, which will stick to
\

the tops. The flowers are many and white, j cloth or garment that shall touch it. The
in tufts like those of Yarrow, with root is somewhat long, with small fibre:
i
standing
a small yellowish thrum in the middle. f thereat, of a dark reddish colour, whicl
The seed is very small. j
abides the Winter, although the stalks am
Placed] The last grows in fields by the leaves perish and spring every year.
i

hedge sides and paths, almost every where. \ Place.'] It grows wild generally
through
It flowers at the latter end of the land, about the borders of fields, and bv
Time.'] j

June and July. j

the sides of walls, and among rubbish. It
Government and virtues] It is under the j will endure well being brought up in gnr-
government of Mercury, and I am per- j dens, and planted on the shady side,
suaded it is one of the best purgers of the ; where it will spring of it own sowing.
brain that grows. An ounce of the juice j Time.'] It flowers in June and July, and
taken in a draught of Muskadel an hourithe seed is ripe soon after.
before the fit of the ague comes, it will \ Government and virtues.] It i.5 under the
assuredly drive away the ague at the second dominion
;
of Mercury. The dried herb
or third time taken at the farthest. Either i
Pellitory made up into an electuary with
the herb or root dried and chewed in the; honey, or the juices of the herb, or the de-
mouth, purges the brain of plegmatic \ coction thereof made up with sugar or
humours; thereby not only easing pains in j homy, is a singular remedy for an old or
the head and teeth, but also hinders the dry cough, the shortness of breath, and
j

distilling of the brain upon

the lungs and wheezing in the throat. Three ounces of
|

eyes, thereby preventing coughs, phthisicks the

!
juice thereof taken at a time, doth won-
and consumption, the apoplexy and falling derfully help stopping of the urine, and to
sickness. It is an excellently approved j expel the stone or gravel in the kidneys or
remedy in the lethargy. The powder of the bladder, and is therefore usually put among
j

herb or root being snuffed up the nostrils, other herbs used in clysters to mitigate
j

procures sneezing, and eases the head-ache; pains in the back, sides, or bowels, pro-
I

being made into an ointment with hog's ceed ing of wind, stopping of urine, the
!

grease, it takes away black and blue spots j gravel or stone, as aforesaid. If the bruised
occasioned by blows or falls, and helps both . herb, sprinkled with some Muskadel, be
the gout and sciatica. warmed upon a tile, or in a dish upon a

^
i

fe w in a chafing-dish, and ap-

PELLITORY OP THE WALL. ^f, .

plied to the belly, it works the same effect.

,

Descript.~] IT rises with brownish, red, j

The decoction of the herb being drank,
tender, weak, clear, and almost transparent I eases
pains of the mother, and brings down
stalks, about two feet high, upon which women's
; courses : It also eases those griefs
grow at the joints two leaves somewhat that arise from obstructions of the liver,
\

broad and long, of a dark green colour, spleen, and reins. The same decoction,
j

which afterwards turn brownish, smooth on with a little honey added thereto, is good
j
the edges, but rough and hairy, as the to
gargle a sore throat. The juice held a
j

stalks are also. At the joints with the while in the mouth, eases pains in the teeth.
j

leaves from the middle of the stalk upwards, The distilled water of the herb drank with
\

where it spreads into branches, stand many some sugar, works the same effects, and
j
small, pale, purplish flowers in hairy, rough cleanses the skin from spots, freckles, pur
i

heads, or husks, after which come small ^1 pies, wheals, sun-burn, morphew, &c. The
N N
136 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
juice dropped into the ears,
cases the noise \ There is a greater kind than the ordinary
in them, and takes away the pricking and Isort found wild with us, which so abides,
shooting pains therein: The same, or the .-being brought into gardens, and differs not
distilled water, assuages hot and swelling from it, but only in the largeness of the
\

hnposthumes, burnings and scalclings by leaves and stalks, in rising higher, and not
|

fire or water as also all other hot tumours creeping upon the ground so much.
; ! The
and inflammations, or breakings-out, of ! flowers whereof are purple, growing in run-
heat, being bathed often with wet cloths ! dies about the stalks like the other,
dipped therein The said juice made into
:
Place.~] The first, which is common in
|

a liniment with ceruss, and oil of roses, and

gardens, grows also in many moist and
j

anointed therewith, cleanses foul rotten watery places of this land,

ulcers, and stays spreading or creeping! The second is found wild in effect in
ulcers, and running scabs or sores in chil- divers places by the highways from London
j

dren's heads ; and helps to stay the hair to Colchester, and thereabouts, more abun-
\

from falling off the head. The said oint- jdantly than in any other counties, and is
menl, or the herb applied to the fundament, also planted in their gardens in Essex,
!

opens the piles, and eases their pains and { Time.']

; They flower in the latter end of
being mixed with goats' tallow, helps the Summer, j
about August,
gout. The juice is very effectual to cleanse; Government and virtues.'] The herb is
fistulas, and to heal them up safely or the under Venus.
; j Dioscorides sailh, that
herb itself bruised and applied with a little Pennyroyal makes thin tough phlegm,
>

salt. It is likewise also effectual to heal warms the coldness of any part whereto it
|

any green wound ; if it he bruised and j is applied, and digests raw or corrupt mat-
bound thereto for three days, you shall j ter Being boiled and drank, it provokes
;

need no other medicine to heal it further. women's courses, and expels the dead child
:

A poultice made hereof with Mallows, and and after-birth, and stays the disposition
5

boiled in wine and wheat bran and bean to vomit, being taken in water and vinegar
\

flour, and some oil put thereto, and ap- mingled together. And being mingled with
j

plied warm to any bruised sinews, tendon, honey and salt, it voids phlegm out of the
j

or muscle, doth in a very short time restore lungs, and purges melancholy by the stool,
\

them to their strength, taking away the Drank with wine, it helps such as are bitten
|

pains of the bruises, and dissolves the con- J and stung=with venomous beasts, and ap-
gealed blood coming of blows, or falls from plied to the nostrils with vinegar, revives
high places. {
those that are fainting and swooning.
The juice of Pellitory of the Wall clarified Being dried and burnt, it strengthens the
j

and boiled in a syrup with honey, and a gums. It is helpful to those that are trou-
spoonful of it drank every morning by such bled with the gout, being applied of itself
!

as are subject to the dropsy; if continuing' to the place until it was red; and applied
that course, though but once a weak, they in a plaister, it takes away spots or marks
j

ever have the dropsy, let them but come in the face; applied with salt, it profits those
:

to me, and I will cure them gratis. that are splenetic, or livergrown.
S The de-
jcoction doth help the itch, if washed there-
jwith. The green herb bruised and put
PENNYROYAL is so well known unto into vinegar, cleanses foul ulcers, and takes
j

all, I mean the common kind, that it needs jaway the marks of bruises and blows about
no description. I the eyes, and a.l discolourings of the face
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 1,37

by fire, yea, and the leprosy, being drank j

The ordinary Female Peony hath as
and outwardly applied : Boiled in wine many stalks, and more leaves on them than
j

with honey and salt, it helps the tooth-ache. the Male; the leaves not so large, but nicked
I

It helps the cold griefs by the the edges, some with great and deep,
joints, taking Jon
away the pains, and warms the cold part, others
j
with small cuts and divisions, of a
being fast bound to the place, after a dead green colour. The flowers are of a
I

bathing or sweating in a hot house. Pliny (strong heady scent, usually smaller, and of
adds, that Pennyroyal and Mints together, a more purple colour than the Male, witli
j

help faintings, being put into vinegar, and yellow thrums about the head, as the Male
\

smelled unto, or put into the nostrils or {hath. The seed vessels are like horns, as in
mouth. It eases head-aches, pains of the j the Male, but smaller, the seed is black,
breast and belly, and gnawings of the { but less shining. The root consists of many
stomach; applied with honey, salt, and j short tuberous clogs, fastened at the end of
vinegar, it
helps cramps or convulsions of long strings, and all from the heads of the
j

the sinews: Boiled in milk, and drank, ill roots, which is thick and short, and of the
is effectual for the
cough, and for ulcers like scent with the Male,
I

and sores in the mouth; drank in wine Place and Time.'] They grow in gardens,
itj
provokes women's courses, and expels the and flower usually about May.
|

dead child, and after-birth. Matthiolus : Government and virtues.! It is an herb of

saith, The decoction thereof being drank, the Sun, and under the Lion.
i

Physicians
helps the jaundice and dropsy, all pains of; say, Male Peony roots are best ; but Dr.
the head and sinews that come of a cold Reason told me Male Peony was best for
j

cause, and clears the eye-sight. It helps men, and Female Peony for women, and he
I

the lethargy, and applied with barley -meal, desires to be judged by his brother Dr.
j

helps burnings ; and put into the ears, eases Experience. The roots are held to be of
the pains of them. more virtue than the seed ; next the flowers ;

and, last of all, the leaves. The

MALE AND FEMALE PEONY. !

\,
!
, r , c U *!
\
the Male Peony, fresh gathered, having
Descript.'] MALE Peony rises up with been found by experience to cure the fall-
I

brownish stalks, whereon grow green and ing sickness ; but the surest way is, besides
I

reddish leaves, upon a stalk without any hanging it about the neck, by which children
\

particular division in the leaf at all. Thelhave been cured, to take the root of the
flowers stand at the top of the stalks, con- j Mile Peony washed clean, and stamped
sisting of five or six broad leaves, of a fair somewhat small, and laid to infuse in sack
i

purplish red colour, with many yellow for 24 \ours at the least, afterwards strain
:

threads in the middle standing about the! it, and take it first and last, morning and
head, which after rises up to be the seed evening, a good draught for sundry days
:

vessels, divided into two, three, or four j together, before and after a full moon : and
crooked pods like horns, which being full this will also cure old persons, if the dis-
;

ripe, open and turn themselves down back- lease be not grown too old, and past cure,
wards, shewing with them divers round, especially if there be a due and orderly
'

black, shining seeds, having also many preparation of the body with posset-drink
j

crimson grains, intermixed with black, made of Betony, &c.

j
The root is also
whereby makes a very pretty shew. The effectual for women that are not sufficiently
it I

long, spreading! cleansed after child-birth, and such as are

roots are great, thick and
and running down deep in the ground. troubled with the mother for which like-
| ;
J38 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
wise the black seed beaten to powder, and hereof to be bruised, and mixed with old
given in wine, is also
available. The black hog's grease, and applied to the place, and
j

seed also taken before bed-time, and in to continue thereon four hours in men, and
|

the morning, is very effectual for such as in two hours in women, the place being after-
j

their sleep are troubled with the disease wards bathed with wine and oil mixed
|

called Ephialtes, or Incubus, bul we do together, and then wrapped up with wool
commonly call it the Night-mare: a disease or skins, after they have sweat a little. It
j

which melancholy persons are subject unto also amends the deformities or discolour-
:
|

It is also good against melancholy dreams. | ings of the skin, and helps to take away
The distilled water or syrup made of the marks, scars, and scabs, or the foul marks
>

flowers, works the same effects that the root | of burning with fire or iron. The juice
and seed do, although more weakly. The! hereof is by some used to be given in ale to
Females is often used for the purpose afore- drink, to women with child, to procure
j

said, by reason the Male is so scarce a them a speedy delivery in travail,

plant, that it is possessed by few, and those }
, f. .1 i j
" .t/KlVV 1 JN K. Li b.
kind.
great lovers of rarities in this
PEPPERWORT, OR DITTANDER.
Descript."]
j
^ Descript.~]J THE common
hereof
mtmy bnmches
trai]ing
OUR common Pepperwortj upon the ground, shooting out small fibres
Qr running
sort

sends forth somewhat long and broad leaves, | at the joints as it runs, taking thereby hold
of a light blueish green colour, finely in the ground, and rooteth in divers places,
j

dented about the edges, and pointed at the At the joints of these branches stand two
!

ends, standing upon round hard stalks, :

small, dark-green, shining leaves, somewhat
three or four feet high, spreading many like bay leaves, but smaller, and with them
branches on all sides, and having many come
forth also the flowers (one at a joint)
small white flowers at the tops of them, standing upon a tender foot-stalk, being
after which follow small seeds in smalH somewhat long and hollow, parted at the
heads. The root is slender, running much! brims, sometimes into four, sometimes into
under ground, and shooting up again in five leaves The most ordinary sorts are of
? :

many places, and both leaves and roots are; a pale blue colour; some are pure white,
very hot and sharp of taste, like pepper, for some of a dark reddish purple colour. The
which cause it took the name. root is little bigger than a rush, bushing in
Placed] It grows naturally in many the ground, and creeping Avith his branches

places of this land, as at Clare in Essex ; far about, whereby it quickly possesses a
also near unto Exeter in Devonshire; upon \ great compass, and is therefore most
Rochester common in Kent ; in Lanca- ! usually planted under hedges where it may
shire, and divers other places ; but usually have room to run. \

kept ingardens. Placed] Those with the pale blue, and

Time.'] It flowers in the end of June, I those with the white flowers, grow in woods
and in July. and orchards, by the hedge-sides, in divers
!

Government and virtues.'] Here is another | places of this land but those with the pur-;

martial herb for you, make much of it.

j pie
flowers, in gardens only.
and Paulus that Pep- They flower in March and April,
5
Pliny JSgineta say, Time.']
perwort is very successful for the sciatica, \ Government and virtues.'] Venus owns
or any other gout or pain in the joints, or | this herb, and saith, That the leaves eaten
any other inveterate grief: The leaves j by man and wife together, cause love be-
 ,
K 15.

Pellitory of the Wall Pfr :L w inlcle Pepp er-vror t

Pimpernel 1
'

i . 1 1 u a on

-' (i I' U Jlosf ]*()[) Jj

V

KKI.l.-Y. LONDON. 1835'.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 139

The Periwinkle is a great; and

tween them. Northamptonshire; as also near water-
binder, stays bleeding both at mouth and $ courses in other places,
nose, if some of the leaves be chewed, Time.~] It flowers in June and July, and
j

The French used it to stay women's courses. the seed is ripe in August.
|

Dioscorides, Galen, and jEgineta, com- j

Government and virtues.] There is not
mend it against the lasks and fluxes of the* a straw to choose between this and St.
belly to be drank in
wine. j
John's Wort, only St. Peter must have it,
\ lest he should want pot herbs ; It is of the
ST. PETER'S WORT same property of St. John's Wort, but some-
|
what weaker, and therefore more seldom
IF Superstition had not been the father j used. Two drams of the seed taken at a
of Tradition, as well as Ignorance the j time in honied water, purges choleric
.

Mother of Devotion, this herb, (as well as humours, (as saith Dioscorides, Pliny, and
\

St. John's Wort) hath found some other Galen,) and thereby helps those that are
j

name to be known by; but we may say of troubled with the sciatica. The leaves are
$

our forefathers, as St. Paul of the Athenians, used as St. John's Wort, to help those
\

I perceive in many things you are too si/per- places of the body that have been burnt
{

stitious. Yet seeing it is come to pass, with fire,

j

that custom having got in possession,!

pleads prescription for the name, I shall!
let it pass, and come to the description of; Descript] COMMON Pimpernel hath
the herb, which take as follows. i divers weak square stalks lying on the
Descript] It rises up with square up- ground, beset all with two small and almost
j

right stalks for the most part, some greater round leaves at every joint, one against
and higher than John's Wort (and good another, very like Chickweed, but hath no
St.
reason too, St. Peter being the greater foot-stalks for the leaves, as it were, corn -
\ ;

apostle, (ask the Pope else;) for though pase the stalk.
-|
The flowers stand singly
God would have the saints equal, the Pope each by themselves at them and the stalk,
\

is of another
opinion,) but brown in the? consistingof five small round-pointed leaves,
same manner, having two leaves at every of a pale red colour, tending to an orange,
>

joint,
somewhat like, but larger, than St. with so many threads in the middle, in whose
j

John's Wort, and a little rounder pointed, places succeed smooth round heads, where-
j

with few or no holes to be seen thereon, and in is contained small seed. The root is
j

having sometimes some smaller leaves rising small and fibrous, perishing every year,
j

from the bosom of the greater, and socne^l Place] It grows almost every where
times a little hairy also. At the tops of two as well in the meadows and corn-fields,
{

stalks stand many star-like flowers, with as by the way-sides, and in gardens, arising
yellow threads in the middle, very like of itself.
those of St. John's Wort, insomuch that Time] It flowers from May until. April,
this is hardly discerned from it, but
only by and the seed ripens in the mean time, and
the largeness and height, the seed falls.
being
alike also in both. The root abides long, \ Government and virtues] It is a gallant
sending forth new shoots every year. j
solar herb, of a cleansing attractive quality,
Place] It grows in many groves, and 5 whereby it draws forth thorns or splinters,
small low woods, in divers
places of this or other such like things gotten into the
j

as
land, in Kent,
Huntingdon, Cambridge, flesh ; and put up into the nostrils, purges
\

o o
140 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the'head ; and Galen saith also, they have along among the leaves; after which come
\

a drying faculty, whereby they are good to; small and round husks. The root is small
solder the lips of wounds, and to cleanse and woody, perishing every year,
:

foul ulcers. The distilled water or juice is PlaceJ] It grows more plentifully in
!

much esteemed by French dames Lo cleanse Kent than any other county of this land, as
\

the skin from any roughness and defor- j namely, in many places on this side Dart-
mity, or discolouring thereof ; being boiled I
along to Southfleet, Chatham, and
ford,
in wine and given to drink, it is a good j
Rochester, and upon Chatham down, hard
remedy against the plague, and other pes- 1 by
the Beacon, and half a mile from
tilential fevers, if the party after taking it ?
Rochester, in a field near a house called
be warm in his bed, and sweat for twojSelesys.
hours after, and use the same for twice at
j Time.'] It flowers and gives seed in the
least. It helps also all stingings and Summer months.
|

bitings of venomous beasts, or mad Government and virtues.'] Mars owns the
dogs, I

being- used inwardly,

and applied outward- herb. The decoction of Ground Pine
1

ly. The same also opens obstructions of drank, doth wonderfully prevail against the
|

the liver, and is very available against the | stranguary, or any inward pains arising
infirmities of the reins It provokes urine, from the diseases of the reins and urine,
: s

and helps to expel the stone and gravel \ and is especially good for all obstructions of
out of the kidneys and bladder, and helps the liver and spleen, and gently opens
\

much in all inward pains and ulcers. The the body ; for which purpose they were
\

decoction, or distilled water, is no less ef- wont in former times to make pills with the
;

iecf.ual to be applied to all wounds that are j powder thereof, and the pulp of figs. It
fresh and green, or old, filthy, fretting, and marvellously helps
j
aiJ the diseases of the
running ulcers, which it very effectually mother, inwardly or outwardly applied,
;

cures in a short space. A little mixed procuring women's courses, and expelling
I

with the juice, and dropped into the eyes, | the dead child and after-birth yea, it is so ;

cleanses them from cloudy mists, or thick powerful upon those feminine parts, that it
i
:

films which grow over them, and hinder: is utterly forbidden for women with child,
the sight. the tooth-ache, being 'for it will cause abortion or delivery before
It helps

dropped into the ear on a contrary side of the time. The decoction of the herb in
j

the pain. It is also effectual to ease the wine taken inwardly, or applied outwardly,
j

pains of the haemorrhoids or piles. or both, for some time together, is also
;

effectual in all pains and diseases of the

GROUND PINE. OR CHAMEPITYS.
;

a
joints as gouts , cr mpSj pa]sieSj sc
at i cajand
,
i
|

Descript.] OUR common Ground which purpose the pills made

Pine aches; |
for

grows low, seldom rising above a hand's with powder of Ground Pine, and of Her-
!

breadlh high, shooting forth divers small modactyls with Venice Turpentine are very
|

branches, set with slender, small, long, nar-l effectual. The pills also, continued for

row, greyish, or whitish leaves, somewhat \

some time, are special good for those that
hairy, and divided into three parts, many i have the dropsy, jaundice, and for griping
bushing together at a joint, some growing pains of the joints, belly, or inward parts
>

scatteringly upon the stalks, smelling some- | It helps also all diseases of the brain, pro-
what strong, like unto rozin The flowers I ceeding of cold and phlegmatic humours
:

are small, and of a pale yellow colour, | and distillations, as also for the falling sick-
growing from the joint of the stalk all { ness. It is a special remedy for the poison
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 14J

of the aconites, and other poisonous herbs, j from the head, and stays all manner of
as also against the stinging of any veno- fluxes, even women's courses, when
hey
mous creature. It is a good remedy for a flow too abundantly. It is good to stay
cold cough, especially in the beginning. spitting of blood and other bleedings at the
For all the purposes aforesaid, the herb j mouth, or the making of foul and bloody
being tunned up in new drink and drank, water, by reason of any ulcer in the reins
is almost as effectual, but far more
accepta- or bladder, and also stays the too free
ble to weak and dainty stomachs. The bleeding of wounds. It is held an especial
distilled water of the herb hath the same remedy for those that are troubled with the
\

effects, but more weakly. The conserve | phthisic, or consumption of the lungs, or
of the flowers doth the like, which Mat- ulcers of the lungs, or coughs that come of
?

thiolus much commends against the palsy, heat. The decoction or powder of the
The green herb, or the decoction thereof, roots or seeds, is much more binding for all
being applied, dissolves the harhness of the purposes aforesaid than the leaves.
women's breasts, and all other hard swell- Dioscorides saith, that three roots boiled in
ings in any other part of the body. The wine and taken, helps the tertain agues, and
green herb also applied, or the juice thereof! for the quartan agues, (but letting the num-
Avith some honey, not only cleanses putrid, ber pass as fabulous) I conceive the decoc-
j

stinking, foul, and malignant ulcers and tion of divers roots may be effectual.
\
The
sores of all sorts, but heals and solders up \ herb (but especially the seed) is held to be
the lips of green wounds in any part also. profitable against the dropsy, the
I
falling-
Let pregnant women forbear, for it works sickness, the yellow jaundice, and stoppings
i

violently upon the feminine part. j of the liver and reins. The roots of Plan-
I
tain,and Pellitory of Spain, beaten into
PLANTA
| powder, and put into the hollow teeth, takes
Tins grows usually in meadows and away
j
the pains of them. The clarified
fields, and by path sides, and is so well or distilled water, dropped into the
[juice,
known, that it needs no description. |
eyes, cools the inflammations in them, and
is in its beauty about June, takes
ThfieJ] It | away the pin and web; and dropped
and the seed ripens shortly after. i i..to the ears, eases the pains in them, and
Government and -virtues.~\ It is true, Mis- helps and removes the heat.
1 The same
aldus and others, yea, almost all astrology- also with the juice of Houseleek is profitable
j

physicians, hold this to be an herb of Mars, against all inflammations and breakings out
|

because it cures the diseases of the head of the skin, and against burnings and scald-
j

and privities, which are under the houses tings by fire and water. The juice or de-
of Mars, Aries, and Scorpio The truth is, coction made either of itself, or other
:
j things
it is under the command of Venus, and : of the like nature, is of much use and good
cures the head by antipathy to Mars, and effect for old and hollow ulcers that are hard
j
the privities by sympathy to Venus; neither to be cured, and for cankers and sores in
|

there hardly a martial disease but it the mouth or

privy parts of man or woman
is
j ;

cures. |
and helps also the pains of the piles in the
The juice of Plantain clarified and drank fundament. The juice mixed with oil ol
|
for divers days
together, either of itself, or roses, and the temples and forehead anoint-
\

in other drink,
prevails wonderfully against ed therewith, eases the pains of the head
\

-all torments or excoriations in the intestines

| proceeding from heat, and helps lunatic
or bowels, helps the distillations of rheum and frantic
j persons very much as also the
;
142 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
biting of serpents, or a mad dog. The! stone. The gum or leaves boiled in vine-
sumc alsois
profitably applied to all hot -gar, and applied, kills tetters and ring-
gouts in the feet or hands, especially in the; worms. Matthiolus saith, The oil pre-
It is also good to be applied served out of the kernels of the stones, as
beginning. I

\vhere any bone is out of joint, to hinder oil of almonds is made, is good against the
t

inflammations, swellings, and pains that I inflamed piles, the tumours or swellings of
presently rise thereupon. The powder of ulcers, hoarseness of the voice, roughness
*

the dried leaves taken in drink, kills worms of the tongue and throat, and likewise the
J

of the belly; and boiled in wine, kills pains in the ears.\

And that five ounces
worms that breed in old and foul ulcers. j of the said oil taken with one ounce of mus-
One part of Plantain water, and two parts; kadel, drives forth the stone, and helps the
of the brine of powdered beef, boiled cholic. \

together and clarified, is a most sure remedy ;

,
, ,. t i
-
,1 ;
POLYPODY OF THE OAK.
10 heal all spreading scabs or itch in the*
head and body, all manner of tetters, ring- 1
Descript.~] THIS is a small herb consist-
worms, the shingles, and all other running ing of
;
nothing but roots and leaves, bearing
and fretting sores. Briefly, the Plantains ] neither stalk, flower, nor seed, as it is
are singularly good wound herbs, to heal thought. |
It hath three or four leaves
fresh or old wounds or inward j rising from the root, every one single by
sores, either
or outward itself, of about a hand length, are winged,
|

consisting of many small narrow leaves

J

cut into the middle rib, standing on each

|

ARE so Avell known that they need no side of the stalk, large below, and smallei
I

description. iupto the top, not dented nor notched at

Government and virtues.'] All Plums are the edges at all, as the male fern hath, of
i

under Venus, and are like women, some sad green colour, and smooth on the uppei
j

better, and some worse. As there is great side, but on the other side somewhat rough
$

diversity of kinds, so there is in the opera- by reason of some yellowish flowers set
1

tion of Plums, for some that are sweet thereon.

|
The root is smaller than one's
moistens the stomach, and make the belly little finger, lying aslope, or creeping along
\

soluble those that are sour quench thirst! under the upper crust of the earth, brown-
;

more, and bind the belly; the moist andjish on the outside and greenish within, of
waterish do sooner corrupt in the stomach, a sweetish harshness in taste, set Avith cer-
|

but the firm do nourish more, and offend tain rough knags on each side thereof,
{

less. The dried fruit sold by the grocers having also much mossiness or yellow hair-
I

under the names of Damask Prunes, do uness upon it, and some fibres underneath it,
somewhat loosen the belly, and being! whereby it is nourished,
stewed, are often used, both in health and Place.']
It grows as well upon old rotten
i

sickness, to relish the mouth and stomach, j stumps, or trunks of trees, as oak, beech,
to procure appetite, and a little to
open hazel, willow, or any other, as in the woods
1

the body, allay choler, and cool the! under them, and upon old mud walls, as
stomach. Plum-tree leaves boiled in wine, | also in mossy, stony, and gravelly places
are good to wash and gargle the mouth and near unto wood. That which grows upon
j

Chroat, to dry the flux of rheum coming to oak is accounted the best; but the quantity
j

the, palate, gums, or almonds of the ear. > thereof is scarce sufficient for the common
The gum of the tree is good to break the use ;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 143

Time.~\ It being always green, may be it

|
doth much help
and applied also to the ;

gathered for use at any time. nose, cures the disease called Poly pus, which
j

Government and virtues.'] Polypodium of jis a piece of flesh growing therein, which
the Oak, that which grows upon the earth in time stops the passage of breath through
;

is best it is an herb of Saturn, to purge

;
that nostril and it helps those clefts or
j
;

melancholy humour be otherwise, chops

; if the \
that come between the fingers or
chuseyour Polypodium accordingly. Meuse toes, i

(who iscalled the Physician's Evangelist for

i {* i j j , i |
i J. POPTAR
UiS JrU Jr.LAlt .1 JftJSJa*
the certainty or his medicines, and thej
truth of his opinion) saith, That it dries up \
THERE are two sorts of Poplars, which
thin humours, digests thick and tough, and \
are most familiar with us, viz. the Black

purges burnt choler, and especially tough j

and White, both which I shall here des-
and thick phlegm, and thin phlegm also, j
cribe unto you.
even from the joints, and therefore good for DescriptJ\ The "White Poplar grows
j

those that are troubled with melancholy, or great, and reasonably high, covered with
j

quartan agues, especially if it be taken in thick, smooth, white bark, especially the
j

whey or honied water, or in barley-water, branches ; having long leaves cut into
|

or the broth of a chicken with Epithymum, several divisions almost like a vine leaf, but
j

or with Beets and Mallows. It is good for not of so deep a green on the upper side,
j

the hardness of the spleen, and for pricking and hoary white underneath, of a reason-
j

or stitches in the sides, as also forthecholic: able good scent, the whole form represent-
j

Some use to put to it some Fennel seeds, or ing the form of Coltsfoot. The catkins
>

Annis seeds, or Ginger, to correct that which it brings forth before the leaves, are
:

loathing it brings to the stomach, which is long, and of a faint reddish colour, which
j

more than needs, it being a safe and gentle fall away, bearing seldom good seed with
j

medicine, fit for all persons, which daily them. The wood hereof is smooth, soft,
?

experience confirms and an ounce of it and white, very finely waved, whereby it is
; i

may be given at a time in a decoction, if: much esteemed.

there be not Sena, or some other strong The Black Poplar grows higher and
\

purger put with it. A dram or two of the straighter than the White, with a greyish
*

powder of the dried roots, taken fasting in bark, bearing broad green leaves, somewhat
\

a cup of honied water, works gently, and like ivy leaves, not cut in on the edges like
\

for the purposes aforesaid. The distilled the White, but whole and dented, ending
i

water both of roots and leaves, is much in a point, and not white underneath, hang-
commended for the quartan ague, to be ing by slender long foot stalks, which with
|

taken for many days together, as also the air are continually shaken, like as the
j

against melancholy, or fearful and trouble- Aspen leaves are.

j
The catkins hereof are
some sleeps or dreams and with some greater than those of the White, composed
;
|

sugar-candy dissolved therein, is good of many round green berries, as if they

{

against the cough, shortness of breath, and were set together in a long cluster, contain-
I

wheezings, and those distillations of thin ing much downy matter, which being ripe,
j

rheum upon the lungs, which cause phthi- is blown away with the wind. The clammy
i

sicks, and oftentimes consumptions. The buds hereof, before they spread into leaves,
\

fresh roots beaten small, or the powder of are gathered to make Unguentum
j
and
the dried roots mixed with honey, and ap- Populneum, and are of a yellowish green
!

plied to the member that is out of joint, ! colour, and somewhat small, sweet, but
p P
144 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
strong. The wood is smooth, tough, and j
the White and black of the Garden, and
white, and easy to be cloven. On both {
the Erratic Wild Poppy, or Corn Rose,
these trees grows a sweet kind of musk, j Descript.~\ The White Poppy hath at
which in former times was used to put into j
firstfour or five whitish green leaves lying
sweet ointments. 5
upon the ground, which rise with the stalk,
Place.'] They grow in moist woods, and j compassing it at the bottom of them, and
by water-sides in sundry places of this land ;* are very large, much cut or torn on the
yet the White is not so frequent as the other. ? edges, and dented also besides The stalk,
:

Time.']
Their time is likewise expressed ! which is usually four or five feet high, hath
before The catkins coming forth before j
: sometimes no branches at the top, and
the leaves in the end of Summer. ;
usually but two or three at most, bearing
Government and virtues.'] Saturn hath | every one but one head wrapped up in a
dominion over both. White Poplar, saith thin skin, which bows down before it is
j

Galen, is of a cleansing property The ready to blow, and then rising, and being
: >

weight of an ounce in powder, of the bark broken, the flowers within it spreading itself
j

thereof, being drank, saith Dioscorides, is open, and consisting of four very large,
5

a remedy for those that are troubled with white, round leaves, with many whitish
j

the sciatica, or the stranguary. The juice [round threads in the middle, set about a
of the leaves dropped warm into the ears, small, round, green head, having a crown,
eases the pains in them. The young j or star-like cover at the head thereof, which
clammy buds or eyes, before they break growing ripe, becomes as large as a great
|

out into leaves, bruised, and a little honey apple, wherein are contained a great num-
>

put to them, is a good medicine for a dull her of small round seeds, in several parti-
?

sight. The Black Poplar is held to Le;tions or divisions next unto the shell, the
more cooling than the White, and therefore middle thereof remaining hollow, and
s

the leaves bruised with vinegar and applied, empty. i The whole plant, both leaves,
help the gout. The seed drank in vinegar, stalks, and
s
heads, while they are fresh,
is held good against the falling-sickness. young, and green, yield a milk when they
I

The water that drops from the hollow places are broken, of an unpleasant bitter taste,
;

of this tree, takes away warts, pushes, almost ready to provoke casting, and of a
wheals, and other the like breakings-out of strong heady smell, which being condensed,
|

the body. The young Black Poplar buds, is called Opium. The root is white and
j

saith Matthiolus, are much used by women woody, perishing as soon as it hath given
)

to beautify their hair, bruising them with I

ripe seed.
fresh butter, straining them after they have j The Black Poppy little differs from the
been kept for some time in the sun. The \ former, until it baers its flower, which is

ointment called Populneon, which is made |

somewhat less, and of a black purplish
of this Poplar, is singularly good for all I
colour, but without any purple spots in the
heat and "inflammations in any part of the; bottom of the leaf. The head of the seed
is much less than the former, and opens
body, and tempers the heat of wounds. It |

is much used to dry up the milk of women's I itself a little round about the top, under
breasts when they have weaned their 1 the crown, so that the seed, which is very
children. j black, will fall out, if one turn the head
! thereof downward.
The wild Poppy, or Corn Rose, hath long
OF this I shall describe three kinds, viz. \
and narrow leaves, very much cut in on the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENIARGED. 145

of a .ight green the Moon. The garden Poppy heads with

edges into many divisions,
!

colour, sometimes hairy withal. The stalk seeds made into

\
a syrup, is frequently, and
is blackish and hairy also, but not so as to
tall
| good effect used to procure rest, arid
the garden kind, having some such like sleep, in the sick and weak, and to stay
:

leaves thereon to grow below, parted into catarrhs and defluxions of thin rheums
three or four branches sometimes, whereon from the head into the stomach and lungs,
down be- causing a continual cough, the fore-runner
grow small hairy heads bowing *
fore the skin break, wherein the flower is of a consumption ; it helps also hoarseness
inclosed, which when it is fully blown open, j of the throat, and when one have lost their
is of a fair yellowish red or crimson colour, \ voice, which the
of the seed doth like-
oil
and in some much paler, without any spot i wise. The black seed boiled in wine, and
in the bottom of the leaves, having many drank, is said also to dry the flux of the
black soft threads in the middle, compass- !
belly, and women's courses. The empty
which when it is shells, or heads, are usually boiled
ing a small green head, poppy
;

isnot bigger than one's little finger's : in water, and given to procure rest and
ripe,
end, wherein is contained much black seeds |
sleep : so doth the leaves in the same man-
smaller than that of the garden. The root j
ner as also if the head and temples be
;

perishes every year,

and springs again of ! bathed with the decoction warm, or with
its own sowing, Of this kind there is one ; the oil of Poppies, the green leaves or the
lesser in all
parts thereof,
and differs in
j
heads bruised and applied with a little
nothing else. i
vinegar, or made into a poultice with barley-
Place.~]
The garden kinds do not natu- ; meal or hog's grease, cools and tempers
rally grow wild in any place, but
all are i allinflammations, as also the disease called
sown in gardens where they grow. ; St. Anthony's fire. It is generally used in
The Wild Poppy or Corn Rose, is plen- 1
treacle and mithridate, and in all other
tifully enough, and many times too
much so | medicines that are made
to procure rest
in the corn fields of all counties through this ; and sleep, and to ease pains in the head as
land, and also on ditch hanks, and by i well as in other parts. It is also used to

hedge sides. The smaller wild kind is also \ cool inflammations, agues, or frenzies, or
found in corn fields, and also in some ; to stay defluxions which cause a cough, or
other places, but not so plentifully as the |
consumptions, and also other fluxes of the
former. belly or women's courses ; it is also put
Time.] The garden kinds are usually |
into hollow teeth, to ease the pain, and hath
sown in the spring, which then flower about j
been found by experience to ease the pains
the end of May, and somewhat earlier, if j
of the gout.
they spring of their own sowing. The Wild Poppy, or Corn Rose (as Mat-
The wild kind flower usually from May \
thiolus saith) is good to prevent the falling-
until July, and the seed of them is ripe soon |
sickness. The syrup made with the flower,
after the flowering. i is with
good effect given to those that have
Government and virtues.] The herb is the pleurisy ; and the dried flowers also,
Lunar, and of the juice of it is made opium; j
either boiled in water, or made into powder
only for lucre of money they cheat you, : and drank, either in the distilled water of
and tell you it is a kind of tear, or some I them, or some other drink, works the like
such like thing, that drops from Poppies j
effect. The distilled water of the flowers
when they weep, and that is somewhere is held to be of much
j good use against
beyond the seas, I know not where beyond \ surfeits, being drank evening and morning ;
146 THE COMPLETE HERBAL.
It is more cooling than any of the parts where pushes, wheals, pimples, St,
also \

other Poppies, and therefore cannot but Anthony's h're and the like, break forth
| ;

be as effectual in hot agues, frenzies, and if a little vinegar be put to it, and laid to
j

other inflammations either inward or out- the neck, with as much of galls and linseed
{

ward. Galen saith, The seed is dangerous \ together, it takes

away the pains therein,
to be used inwardly. land the crick in the neck. The juice s
PURSLAIN
'
uset^ w ^
^ f roses * r tne same caus es,
\ or for
blasting by lightening, and
burnings
GARDEN Purslain (being used as a sal- by gunpowder, or for women's sore breasts,
j
lad herb) is so well known that it needs no and to allay the heat in all other sores or
|
description; I shall therefore only speak of hurts ; applied also to the navels of chil-
j

its virtues as follows. dren that stick forth, it helps them ; it is

\

Government and virtues."] 'Tis an herb of also

j good for sore mouths and gums that
the Moon. It is
good to cool any heat in
j
are swollen, and to fasten loose teeth.
the liver, blood, reins, and stomach, and in Camerarius saith, the distilled water used
|

hot agues nothing better It stays hot and by some, took away the pain of their teeth,
:

j
choleric fluxes of the belly, women's courses, j when all other remedies failed, and the
the whites, and gonorrhaea, or running of thickened juice made into pills with the
|

the reins, the distillation from the head, j powder of gum Tragicanth and Arabic,
and pains therein proceeding from heat, j being taken, prevails much to help those
want of sleep, or the frenzy. The seed is that make bloody water. Applied to the
more effectual than the herb, and is of sin- gout it eases pains thereof, and helps the
j

heat and sharp- j hardness of the sinews, if it come not of the

gular good use to cool the
ness of urine, venereous dreams, snd the { cramp, or a cold cause.
like ; insomuch that the over frequent use j
hereof extinguishes the heat and vitue of
natural procreation. The seed bruised and j THEY are so well known, that they need
boiled in wine, and given to children, ex- \ no description. Of the leaves of Primroses
pels the worms. The juice of the herb is j is made as fine a salve to heal wounds as

held as effectual to all the purposes afore- \ any that I know; you shall be taught to
said ;as also to stay vomitings, and taken make salves of any herb at the latter end of
j

with some sugar or honey, helps an old and the book make this as you are taught
; :

dry cough, shortness of breath, and the * there, and do not (you that have any in-
phthisick, and stays immoderate thirst, j
genuity in you) see your poor neighbours
The distilled water of the herb is used by |
go with wounded limbs when an halfpenny
many (as the more pleasing) with a little |
cost will heal them.

sugar to work the same

effects. The juice \
also is singularly good in the inflammations {
and ulcers in the serect parts of man or j Descript.'] OUR common Privet is carn-
woman, as also the bowels and hemorrhoids, | ed up with many slender branches to a
when they are ulcerous, or excoriations in reasonable height and breadth, to cover
them. The herb bruised and applied to the !
arbours, bowers and banquetting houses,
forehead and temples, allays excessive heat { and brought, wrought, and cut into so many
therein, that hinders rest and sleep ; and forms, of men, horses, birds, &c. which
j

away the redness

applied to the eyes, takes
I
though at first supported, grows afterwards
and inflammation in them, and those other | strong of itself. It bears
long and narrow
 PLATi: 16 .

Queen of the Me a dc Me a d.o"w Rue

Cl I-SK KOI i I 1
Ra t tie Grass KIM k,.| < !!>

Rapture "Wort Snl'froi

KELLY. l.o.NiDON
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 1 17

the couples, and sweet! (as Agrimony hath) somewhat deeply dented
green leaves by
white flowers in tufts at the end of about the edges, of a sad green colour on
smelling j

the branches, which turn into small black the upper side, and greyish underneath,
j

berries that have a purplish juice with them, of a pretty sharp scent and taste, somewhat
\

and some seeds that are flat on the one Hike unto the Burnet, and a leaf hereof put
into a of claret wine, gives also a fine
side, with a hole or dent therein
;
cup
Place.'] It grows in this land, in divers relish
; to it. At the tops of the stalks and
woods. branches stand many tufts of small white
i

Time] Our Privet flowers in June and j

flowers thrust thick together, which smell

July, the berries are ripe

in August and \
much sweeter than the leaves ; and in their
September. j
places, being fallen, come crooked and
Government and virtues] The Moon is j
cornered seed. The root is somewhat
ladvofthis. It is little used in physic with :
woody, and blackish on the outside, and
us in these times, more than in lotions, to \ brownish within, with divers great strings, '

wash sores and sore mouths, and to cool land lesser fibres set thereat, of a strong scent,
inflammations, and dry up fluxes. Yet but nothing so pleasant as the flowers and
j

Matthiolus saith, it serves all the uses for leaves, and perishes not, but abides many
i

which Cypress, or the East Privet, is ap-j years, shooting forth a-new every Spring,
It grows in moist meadows
pointed by Dioscorides and Galen. Hej Place]
further saith, That the oil that is made of that 1lie mostly wet, or near the courses ol
the flowers of Privet infused therein, and water. j

set in the Sun, is singularly good for the in- Time.']

: It flowers in some places or
flammations of wounds, and for the head- other;
all the three Summer months, that is,
ache, coming of a hot cause. There is a- June, July, and August, and the seed is
sweet water also distilled from the flowers, ripe soon after.
!

that is good for all those diseases that need Government and -virtues.] Venus claims
\

cooling and drying, and therefore helps all dominion \

over the herb. It is used to stay
fluxesof the belly or stomach, bloody-fluxes, jail manner of bleedings, fluxes, vomitings,
and women's courses, being either drank or land women's courses, also their whites:
applied ; as all those that void blood at the It is said to alter and take away the fits of
j

mouth, or any other place, and for distilla-i the quartan agues, and to make a merry
tions of rheum in the eyes, especially if it \
heart, for which purpose some use the
be used with them. I flowers, and some the leaves.
It helps

speedily
|
those that are troubled with the
QUEEN OF THE MEADOWS, ME ADO w cholic
\ ;
being boiled in wine, and with a
SWEET, OR MEAD SWEET. little
\
honey, taken warm, it
opens the belly ;
but boiled in red wine, and drank, it stays
*

Descript] THE stalks of these are red- the flux of the belly.
\ Outwardly applied,
dish, rising to be three feet high, sometimes | it helps old ulcers that are cankerous, or
four or five feet, having at the joints thereof hollow fistulous, for which it is by many
|

large winged leaves, standing one above ;much commended, as also for the sores in
another at distances, consisting of many I the mouth or secret parts. The leaves when
and somewhat broad leaves, set on each they are full grown, being laid on the skin,
|

side of a middle rib, being hard, rough, or will, in a short time, raise blisters thereon,
|

rugged, crumpled much like unto elm leaves, as Tragus saith. The water thereof helps
\

having also some smaller leaves with them the heat and imflammation in the eyes.
|

Q Q
148 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
for watery humours, Scammony but
THE QUINCE TREE. ;

jir
more forcible to bind, use the unripe
Descript.] THE ordinary Quince Tree Quinces, with roses and acacia, hypocistis,
:

grows often to the height and bigness of a j

and some
terrified rhubarb. To take the
reasonable apple tree, but more usually crude juice of Quinces, is held a preserva-
j

lower, and crooked, with a rough bark, live against the force of deadly poison; for
>

spreading arms, and branches far abroad, jit hath been found most certainly true, that
The leaves are somewhat like those of the: the very smell of a Quince hath taken away
apple tree, but thicker, broader, and full of all the strength of the poison of white Helle-
j

veins, and whiter on the under side, not bore. j

If there be need of any outwardly
dented at all about the edges. The flowers binding and cooling of hot fluxes, the oil
i

are large and white, sometimes dashed over of Quinces, or other medicines that may be
!

with ablush. The fruit that follows is yel-jmade thereof, are very available to anoint
low, being near ripe, and covered with a \ the belly or other parts therewith it like- ;

white freeze, or cotton ; thick set on the wise strengthens the stomach and belly,
>

younger, and growing less as they grow to and the sinews that are loosened by sharp
!

be thorough ripe, bunched out oftentimes humours falling on them, and restrains
j

in some places, some being like an apple, immoderate sweatings. The muscilage taken
|

and some a pear, of a strong heady scent, \ from the seeds of Quinces, and boiled in a
and not durable to keep, and is sour, harsh, | little water, is very good to cool the heat
and of an unpleasant taste to eat fresh and heal the sore breasts of women. The
; |

but being scalded, roasted, baked, or pre-jsame, with a little sugar, is good to lenify
served, becomes more pleasant. the harshness and hoarseness of the throat,
j

Place and Time.~\ It best likes to grow and roughness of the tongue. The cotton
\

near ponds and water sides, and is frequent! or down of Quinces boiled and applied to
through this land and flowers not until plague sores, heals them up and laid as a
:
j
:

the leaves be come forth. The fruit is ripe; plaister, made up with wax, it brings hair
in September or October. to them that are bald, and keeps it from
I

Government and virtues.']

Old Saturn falling, if it be ready
: to shed.
owns the Tree. Quinces when they are!
i ! ,,
all
c
sorts or
A
fluxes in men or: RADDISH, OR HORSE-R ADDISH.
green, help
women, and choleric lasks, casting, and* THE
garden Raddish is so well known,
whatever needs astriction, more than any that it needs no description.
*

way prepared by fire ; yet the syrup of the Descript.~] :The Horse-Raddish hath its
juice,
or the conserve, are much conducible, first leaves, that rise before Winter, about a
|

much of the binding quality being con- J foot and a half long, very much cut in or
sumed by the fire if a little vinegar be torn on the edges into many parts, of a dark
; |

added, it stirs up the languishing appetite, green colour, with a great rib in the middle;
j

and the stomach given to casting some after these have been up a while, others
;
\

broader
spices being added, comforts and strengthens follow, which are greater, rougher,
j

the decaying and fainting spirits, and helps and longer, whole
;
and not divided at first,
the liver oppressed, that it cannot perfect but only somewhat rougher dented about
j

the digestion, or corrects choler and phlegm, the edges ; the stalks when it bears flowers
j

If you would have them purging, put honey (which is seldom) is great, rising up with
;

to them instead of sugar; and if more laxa-1 some few lesser leaves thereon, to three or
tive, for choler, Rhubarb ; for phlegm, Tur- 1 four feet high, spreading at the top many
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 149
k

small branches of whitish flowers, made of |

leaves lying on the ground, very much
tour leaves a-piece after which come small
; i rent and tornon the sides in many places :

pods, like those of Shepherd's Purse, but j from among which rise up sometimes but
seldom with any seed in them. The root is ; one, and sometimes two or three square or
great, long, white and rugged, shooting up crested blackish or brownish stalks, three
>

divers heads of leaves, which may be parted or four feet high, sometimes branched,
;

for increase, but it doth not creep in the bearing divers such-like leaves upon them,
j

ground, nor run above ground, and is of ajat several distances upon the top, where it

strong, sharp, and bitter taste almost like \ branches forth into many stalks bearing
mustard. yellow flowers, consisting of divers leaves,
|

is found wild in some a pale or border, with a dark yellow

Place.'] It places, set as
j'

but is chiefly planted in gardens, and joys thrum in the middle, which do abide a
i

in moist and shadowy places. !

great while, but at last are turned into down,
Time.'] It seldom flowers, but when \
it and with the small blackish grey seed, are
doth, it is in July. |
carried away with the wind. The root is
Government and virtues.'] They are both made of many fibres, whereby it is firmly
;

under Mars. The juice of Horse-raddish fastened into the ground, and abides many
*

given to drink, is held to be very effectual years.

I

for the scurvy. It kills the worms in chil-: There is another sort, thereof differs from
dren, being drank, and also laid upon the the former only in this, that it rises not so
j

belly. The root bruised and laid to the high ; the leaves are not so finely jagged,
j

place grieved with the sciatica, joint-ache, nor of so dark a green colour, but rather
!

spleen, somewhat whitish, soft and woolly, and the

or the hard swellings of the liver and |

doth wonderfully help them all. The dis- flowers usually paler.
\

tilled water of the herb and root is more

Placed] They grow, both of them, wild in
familiar to be taken with a little
sugar for pastures, and untilled grounds in many
j

places, and oftentimes both in one field.

all the
purposes aforesaid. j

Garden Raddishes are in wantonness by !

Time.'] They flower in June and July,
the gentry eaten as a sallad, but
they breed
: and the seed is
ripe in August.
but scurvy humours in the stomach, and : Government and virtues.^ Ragwort is
corrupt the blood, and then send fora phy-l under the command of Dame Venus, and
sician as fast as you can ; this is one cause cleanses, digests, and discusses.
\
The cle-
which makes the owners of such nice palates icoction of the herb is good to wash the
so unhealthful ; yet for such as are troubled mouth or throat that hath ulcers or sores
!

with the gravel, stone, or and for swellings, hardness, or

stoppage of urine, therein
\ :

they are good physic, if the body be strong imposthumes, for it thoroughly cleanses and
;

that takes them ; you

may make the juice j heals them ; as also the quinsy, and the
of the roots into a
syrup if you please, for king's evil. It helps to stay catarrhs, thin
j

that use :
they purge by urine exceedingly, j rheums, and defluxions from the head into
RAT 'a T j
the eyes, nose, or lungs. The juice is found
by experience
: to be singularly good to heal
IT is called also St. James'-wort, and wounds, and to cleanse and heal
\ green

Stagger-wort, and Stammer- wort, and Se- jail old and filthy ulcers in the privities, and
grum. in other parts of the body, as also inward
\

Descript.] The greater common Ragwort wounds and ulcers stays the malignity of
; ;

hath many large and dark

'

long, green fretting and running cankers, and hollow

150 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
fistulas, not suffering them to spread far- Place.] They grow in meadows and
ther. It is also much commended to help woods generally through this land.
\

aches and pains either in the fleshy part, or? Time.] They are in flower from Mid-
in the nerves and sinews, as also the sciatica, summer until August be past, sometimes.
or pain of the hips or knuckle-bone, to Government and virtues.] They are both
bathe the places with the decoction of the of them under the dominion of the Moon,
herb, or to -anoint them with an ointment The Red Rattle is accounted profitable to
;

made of the herb bruised and boiled in old heal up fistulas and hollow ulcers, and to
>

hog's suet, with some Mastick and Olibanum stay the flux of humours in them, as also
j

in powder added unto it after it is strained! the abundance of women's courses, or any
forth. In Sussex we call it Ragweed. i other fluxes of
blood, being boiled in red
I wine, and drank.

The yellow Rattle, or Cock's Comb, is

OF this there are two kinds which I shall held to be good for those that are troubled
{

speak of, viz. the red and yellow. with a cough, or dimness of sight, if the
\

Descript.] The common Red Rattle hath herb, being boiled with beans, and some
sundry reddish, hollow stalks, and some- honey put thereto, be drank or dropped into
times green, rising from the root, lying for 5 the eyes. The whole seed being put into
the most part on the ground, some growing i the eyes, draws forth any skin, dimness or
more upright, with many small reddish or [film, from the sight, without trouble, or
green leaves set on both sides of a middle pain, I

rib, finely dented about the edges: The!

flowers stand at the tops of thettalks and
REST HARROW ' OR CAMMOCK.
jj

branches, of a fine purplish red colour, like; Descript.] COMMON Rest Harrow rises
small gaping hooks; after which come up with divers rough woody twigs half a
\

blackish seed in small husks, which lying yard or a yard high, set at the joints without
{

loose therein, will rattle with shaking. The; order, with little roundish leaves, sometimes
root consists of two or three small whitish more than two or three at a place, of a
\

strings with some fibres thereat. jdark green colour, without

thorns while
The common Yellow Rattle hath seldom {they are young; but afterwards armed in
above one round great stalk, rising from sundry places, with short and sharp thorns,
j

the foot, about half a yard, or two feet high, jThe flowers come forth at the tops of the
and but few branches thereon, having two twigs and branches, whereof it is full
;

long and somewhat broad leaves set at a fashioned like pease or broom blossoms, but
\

joint, deeply cut in on the edges, resembling lesser, flatter, and somewhat closer, of a
|

the comb of a cock, broadest next to the! faint purplish colour; after which come
stalk, and smaller to the end. The flowers i small pods containing small, flat, round
grow at the tops of the stalks, with some seed |
The root is blackish on the outside,
:

shorter leaves with them, hooded after the and whitish within, very rough, and hard
I

same manner that the others are, but of a j to break when it is fresh and green, and as
fair yellow colour, or in some paler, and in hard as an horn when it is dried, thrusting
j

some more white. The seed is contained down deep into the ground, and spreading
;

in large husks, and being ripe, will rattle | every piece being apt to grow
likewise,
or make a noise with lying loose in them. } again
if it be left in the ground.
The root is small and slender, perishing! Place.] It grows in many places of this

every year. ;land, as well in the arable as waste ground-

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. J5I

Time.']
about the beginning; have; of a sad green colour, from among
It flowers
or middle of July, and the seed is
ripe in which rise up divers stalks two or three
;

feet high, sometimes set with the like leaves,

August. |

Government and virtues.'] It is under the but smaller and smaller upwards, branched
j

dominion of Mars. It is singularly good from the middle into divers stiff' stalks,
j

to provoke urine when it is stopped,

and to bearing sundry yellow flowers on them,
\

break and drive forth the stone, which the made of four leaves a-piece, as the others
!

powder of the bark of the root taken in wine are, which afterwards yield them small red-

performs effectually. Matthiolus saith, dish seed, in small long pods, of a more
The same helps the disease called Herma bitter and hot biting taste than the garden
Carwosa, the fleshy rupture, by taking the kinds, as the leaves are also.
\

said powder for three months together con- Place.'] It is found wild in divers
\
places
and that it hath cured some which of
I this land.
stantly,
seemed incurable by any other means than >
Time.'] It flowers about June or
July,
by cutting or burning. The decoction and
\
the seed is
ripe in August.
thereof made with some vinegar, gargled in 1 Government and virtues.'] The wild Roc-
the mouth, eases the tooth-ache, especially kets are forbidden to be used alone, in re-
when it comes of rheum ; and the said de- gard their sharpness fumes into the head,
coction is very powerful to open obstruc- 5
causing aches and pains therein, and are
tions of the liver and spleen, and other less hurtful to hot and choleric
|
persons, foi
parts. A distilled water in Balneo Maria, fear of inflaming their blood, and therefore
\

with four pounds of the root hereof first! for such we may say a little doth but a
sliced small, and afterwards steeped in a little harm, for angry Mars rules them, and
j

gallon of Canary wine,

is
singularly good j he sometimes will be restive when he meets
for all the purposes aforesaid, and to cleanse with fools.
\
The wild Rocket is more strong
the urinary passages. The powder of the and effectual to increase sperm and vene-
;

said root made into an electuary, or lozenges, rous qualities, whereunto all the seed is
{

with sugar, as also the bark of the fresh more effectual than the garden kind.
I It
roots boiled Lender, and afterwards beaten serves also to help digestion, and provokes
i

to a conserve with sugar, works the like urine exceedingly. The seed is used to cure
j

effect. The powder of the roots strewed the biting of serpents, the scorpion, and the
I

upon the brims of ulcers, or mixed with shrew mouse, and other poisons, and expels
!

any other convenient thing, and applied, worms, and other noisome creatures that
J

consumes the hardness, and causes them to I breed in the belly. The herb boiled or
heal the better. stewed, and some sugar put thereto, helps
|

the cough
o in children, beingO taken often.
Tt O O K" T? T
i *
i

|
The seed also taken in drink, takes away
IN regard the Garden Rocket is rather the ill scent of the arm-pits, increases milk
j

used as a sallad herb than to any physical \ in nurses, and wastes the spleen. The seed
purposes, I shall omit it, and only speak mixed with honey, and used on the face,
\

of the common wild Rocket. The des- cleanses the skin from morphew, and used
cription whereof lake as follows. j
with vinegar, takes away freckles and red-
Descript.~] The common wild Rocket! ness in the face, or other parts; and with
has longer and narrower leaves, much more the gall of an ox, it mends foul scars, black
;

divided into slender cuts and jags on both land blue spots, and the marks of the small -
*
sides the middle rib than the garden kinds
pox.
it ft
152 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
hav authors made with Roses! What a
WINTER-ROCKET, OR CRESSES. I

{racket have they kept? I shall add, red

Descript.'] WiNTER-Rocket, or Winter- Roses are under Jupiter, Damask under
\

Cresses, hath divers somewhat large sad Venus, White under the Moon, and Pro-
\

green leaves lying upon the ground, torn or} vence under the King of France. The
cut in divers parts, somewhat like unto white and red Roses are cooling and dry-
j
Rocket or turnip leaves, with smaller pieces |ing, and yet the white is taken to exceed
next the bottom, and 'broad at the ends, the red in both the properties, but is seldom
{

which so abide all the Winter (if it spring! used inwardly in any medicine The bit- :

up in Autumn, when it is used to be eaten) terness in the Roses when they are fresh,
J

from among which rise up divers small! especially the juice, purges choler, and
round stalks, full of branches, bearing many watery humours; but being dried, and that
\

small yellow flowers of four leaves a-piece, heat which caused the bitterness being con-
j

after which come small pods, with reddish sumed, they have then a binding and as-
i

seed in them. The root is somewhat stringy, I Those also that are not
tringent quality :

and perishes every year after the seed is

blown, doi both cool and bind more
full

ripe. than those that are full blown, and the

I

Place.'] It grows of its own accord in white Rose more than the Red. The decoc-
and fields, by the way -sides, in tion of red Roses made with wine and used,
*
gardens
divers places, and particularly in the next is very good for the head-ache, and pains
\

pasture to the Conduit-head behind Gray's in the eyes, ears, throat, and gums as also
I ;

Inn, that brings water to Mr. Lamb's con- for the fundament, the lower part of the
duit in Holborn. belly and the matrix, being bathed or put
{

Time.'] It flowers in May, seeds in June, into them. The same decoction with the
)

and then perishes. Roses remaining in it, is profitably applied

|

Government and virtues.']

This
pro- to the region of the heart to ease the in-
is 1

fi table to
provoke urine, to help stranguary, j flammation therein as also St. Anthony's ;

and expel gravel and stone. It is good for fire, and other diseases of the rtcomach.
j

the scurvy, and found by experience to be Being dried and beaten to powder, and
i

a singularly good wound herb to cleanse in- taken in steeled wine or water, it helps to
;

ward wounds the juice or decoction being! stay women's courses. The yellow threads
;

drank, or outwardly applied to wash fou'lin the middle of the Roses (which are
ulcersand sores, cleansing them by shai p- j erroneously called the Rose Seed) being
ness,and hindering or abating tne dead powdered and drank in the distilled water
|

fleshfrom growing therein, and healing j

of Quinces,staystheoverflowingof women's
them by their drying quality. j
courses, and doth wonderfully stay the de-
| fluctions of rheum upon the gums and teeth,
ROSES
preserving them
|
from corruption, and
I HOLD altogether needless to trouble J
it
fastening them if they be loose, being
the reader with a description of any of these, | washed and gargled therewith, and some
since both the garden Roses, and the Roses vinegar of Squills added thereto.
\
The heads
of the briars are well enough known take; : with the seed being used in powder, or in ar
therefore the virtues of them as follows ; jdecoction, stays the lask and spitting o
And first I shall begin with the garden blood.
j
Red Roses do strengthen the hearl s

kinds. the stomach and the liver, and the reten-

;

Govemment and virtues.] What a pother [ tive faculty They mitigate the pains that
:
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
arise from heal, assuage inflammations, of mastich, is very good for the gonorrhea,
procure rest and sleep, stay both whites and for the looseness of the humours in the
and reds in women, the gonorrhea, or runn- body. The old Conserve mixed with Aro-
ing of the reins, and fluxes of the belly the maticum Rosarum, is a very good cordial
: !

juice of them doth purge and cleanse the; against faintings, swoonings, weakness,
body from choler and phlegm. The husks and tremblings of the heart, strengthens,
of the Roses, with the beards and nails of both it and a weak stomach, helps diges-
the
l<llVy Roses, are
M-\j\f^^jy til \s
1^/1 1.1 and
UJ.1.J&1 til
binding iv SWaJtU|b) and
cooling, ii H
VJ. the
I
IIUUJ uni
bMV tion, stayso VfM7*a
y
casting, and is a very
**i5 ******
* * V/ T CL\J\S\A. IJL\^
good pre-
distilled water of either of them is good for servative in the time of infection. The dry
the heat and redness in the eyes, and to Conserve, which is called the Sugar of Roses,
|

stay and dry up the rheums and watering; is a very good cordial to strengthen the
of them. Of the Red Roses are usually made heart and spirits; as also to stay defluc-
I

many compositions, all serving to sundry lions. The syrup of dried red Roses
j

good uses, viz. Electuary of Roses, Con- strengthens a stomach given to casting,
1

serve, both moist and dry, which is more cools an over-heated liver, and the blood in
|

usually called Sugar of roses, Syrup of dry agues, comforts the heart, and resists putre-
|

Roses, and Honey of Roses. The cordial faction and infection, and helps to slay
|

powder called Diarrhoden dbbatis, and lasks and fluxes. Honey of Roses is much
j

Aromatica Rosarum. The distilled Water of! used in gargles and lotions to wash sores,
Roses, Vinegar of Roses, Ointment, and Oil either in the mouth, throat, or other parts,
of Roses, and the Rose leaves dried, are of both to cleanse and heal them, and to slay
great use and effect. To Avri teat large of every the fluxes of humours falling upon them.
one of these, would make my book smell It is also used in clysters both to cool and
j

too big, it being sufficient for a volume of [cleanse. The cordial powders, called
itself, to speak fully of them. But briefly,! Diarrhoden Abbatis and Aromaticum Ro-
the Electuary is purging, whereof two or sarum, do comfort and strengthen the heart
>

three drams taken by itself in some con- and stomach, procure an appetite, help
1

venienl liquor, is a purge sufficient for a digestion, stay vomiting, and are very good
j

weak constitution, but may be increased to for those that have slippery bowels, to
>

six drams, according to the strength of the slrengthen them, and to dry up their mois-
j

palient.
It purges choler without trouble, ture. j
Red Rose-water is well known, and
it is
good in hot fevers, and pains of the
|
of familiar use on all occasions, and better
head arising from hot choleric humours, than Damask Rose-water, beingcooling and
|

and heat in the eyes, the jaundice also, and cordial, refreshing, quickening the weak
j

joint-aches proceeding of hot humours. and faint spirits, used either in meats or
:

The moist Conserve is of much use, both broths, to wash the temples, to smell at the
>

binding and cordial ; for until it be about? nose, or to smell ihe sweet vapours ihereof
two years old, it is more binding than out of a perfuming pot, or cast into a hot
i

cordial, and after that, more cordial tharufire shovel. It is also of much good use

binding. Some of the younger Conserve against the redness and inflammations of the
f

taken with mithridate mixed together, is \ eyes to bathe them therewith, and the tern-
good for those that are troubled with dis-iples of the head as also against pain and ;

dilations of rheum from the brain to the; ache, for which purpose also Vinegar of
nose, and defluctions of rheum into the Roses is of much good use, and to procure
i

eyes ; as also for fluxes and lasks of the rest and sleep, if some thereof, and Rose-
\

belly ; and being mixed with the powder water togelher, be used to smell unto, or the
j
154 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
nose and temples moistened therewith, but i
pound syrup is more forcible in working on
more usually to moisten a piece of a red j melancholic humours; and available against
Rose-cake, cut for the purpose, and heated j
the leprosy, itch, tetters, &c. and the French
between a double folded cloth, with a little {
disease : Also honey of Roses solutive is
beaten nutmeg, and poppy-seed strewed on \
made of the same infusions that the syrup
the side that must lie next to the forehead i is made of, and therefore works the same
and temples, and bound so thereto all night.
*
effect, both opening and purging, but is
The ointment of Roses is much used against oftener given to phlegmatic than choleric
j

heat and inflammations in the head, toanoint persons, and is more used in clysters than
;

the forehead and temples, and being mixt in potions, as the syrup made with sugar is.
j

with Unguentum Populnetim, to procure rest: The conserve and preserved leaves of those
1

it is also used for the heat of the liver, the; Roses are also
operative in gently opening
back and reins, and to cool and heal pushes, the belly.
j

wheals, and other red pimples rising in the \ The simple water of Damask Roses is
face or other parts. Oil of Roses is not chiefly used for fumes to sweeten things, as
|

only used by itself to cool any hot swell- the dried leaves thereof to make sweet pow-
!

ings or inflammations, and to bind and stay ders, and fill sweet bags; and little use
{

fluxes of humours unto sores, but is also they are put to in physic, although they
i

put into ointments and plaisters that are have some purging quality ; the wild Roses
i

cooling and binding, and restraining the i also are few or none of them used in physic,
flux of humours. The dried leaves of the* but are generally held to come near the
red Roses are used both inwardly and out- nature of the manured Roses. The fruit of
j

wardly, both cooling, binding, and cordial, the wild briar, which are called Hips, being
i

for with them are made both Aromaticum, \ thoroughly ripe, and made into a conserve
Rosarum, Diarrhoden Abbatis, and Saccha-\\viih sugar, besides the pleasantness of the
rum Rosarum, each of whose properties are taste, doth gently bind the belly, and stay
j

before declared. Rose leaves and mint, defluctions from the head upon the stomach,
\

heated and applied outwardly to the drying up the moisture thereof, and helps
i

stomach, stays castings, and very much digestion. The pulp of the hips dried into
5

strengthen a weak stomach and applied a hard consistence, like to the juice of the
;
j

liquorice, or so dried that it may be made

as a fomentation to the region of the liver i

and heart, do much cool and temper them, into powder and taken into drink, stays
i

and also serve instead of a Rose-cake (as is speedily the whites in women. The briar
!

said before) to quiet the over-hot spirits, ball is often used, being made into powder
j

and cause rest and sleep. The syrup of and drank, to break the stone, to provoke
j

Damask Roses is both simpleand compound, J urine when it is stopped, and to ease and
and made with Agaric. The simple solutive | help the cholic; some appoint it to be
syrup is a familiar, safe, gentle and easy burnt, and then taken for the same purpose,
j

medicine, purging choler, taken from one In the middle of the balls are often found
j

ounce to three or four, yet this is remarkable certain white worms, which being dried and
j

herein, that the distilled water of this syrup j made into powder, and some of it drank,
should notably bind the belly. The syrup is found by experience of many to kill and
j

with Agaric is more strong and effectual, for j drive forth the worms of the belly,
one ounce thereof by itself will open the ;

body more than the other, and works as 1

much on phlegm as choler. The com-*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 156

ROSA SOLIS, OR SUN DFW. ROSEMARY.

IT is likewise called Red-rot, and Youth- i:
OUR garden Rosemary is so well known,
wort. * that I need not describe it.
Desm/tf.] It hath, divers small, round, i
Time.'] It flowers in
April and
May with
hollow leaves somewhat greenish, but full us, sometimes again in August,
of'j
certain red hairs, which make them seem Government and virtues.'] The Sun claims*
t

red, every one standing upon his own foot- privilege in it, and it is under the celestial
j

stalk, reddish, hairy likewise. The leavesJRam. It is an herb of as great use with us
are continually moist in the hottest day, in these days as any whatsoever, not
j
only
yea, the hotter the sun shines on them, the for physical but civil purposes.
j
The phy-
rnoister they are, with a sliminess that will sical use of it
j (being my present task) is
rope (as we say,) the small hairs always very much used both for inward and outward
j

holding the moisture. Among these leaves diseases, for by the warming and comfort-
!

rise up slender stalks, reddish also, three or ing heat thereof it helps all cold diseases,
j

four fingers high, bearing divers small white both of the head, stomach, liver, and belly,
j

knobs one above another, which are flowers The decoction thereof in wine, helps the
;
j

after which in the heads are contained cold distillations of rheurn into the eyes,
|

small seeds. The root is a few small hairs, and all other cold diseases of the head and
i

Place.] It grows usually in bogs and brain, as the giddiness or swimmings

j

wet places, and sometimes in moist woods. therein, drowsiness or dullness of the mind
Time.'] It flowers in June, and the leaves ; and senseslike a stupidness, the dumb palsy,
are then fittest to be gathered. or loss of speech, the lethary, and fallen-
*J *

Government and virtues.'] The Sun rules ] sickness, to be both drank, and the temples
it, and it is under the
sign Cancer. Rose bathed therewith. It helps the pains in the
Solis is accounted good to help those that gums and teeth, by rheum falling into them,
have a salt rheum distilling on their lungs, not by putrefaction, causing an evil smell
which breeds a consumption, and there- from them, or a stinking breath. It helps
j
fore the distilled water thereof in wine is | a weak memory, and quickens the senses,
held fit and profitable for such to drink, It is very comfortable to the stomach in all
j
which water will be of a good yellow colour, j the cold griefs thereof, helps both retention
The same water is held to be good for all of meat, and digestion, the decoction 01
other diseases of the lungs, as phthisicks, powder being taken in wine. It is a remedy

wheezings, shortness of breath, or the cough ; for the windiness in the stomach, bowels,
as also to heal the ulcers that happen in the and spleen, and expels it It
powerfully.
and it comforts the heart and faint- those that are
lungs ;
j helps liver-grown, by open-
ing spirits. The leaves, outwardly applied ing the obstructions thereof.
\ It helps dim
to the skin will raise blisters, which has { eyes, and procures a clear sight, the flowers
caused some to think it dangerous to be j thereof being taken all the while it is flower-
taken inwardly but there are other things ing every morning fasting, with bread and
; ;

which will also draw blisters, yet nothing salt. 5 Both Dioscorides and Galen say,
dangerous to be taken inwardly. There is That if a decoction be made thereof with
jj

an usual drink made thereof with aqua vitae water, and they that have the yellow jaun-
|

and spices frequently, and without any dice exercise their bodies directly after the
j
offence or danger, but to good purpose taking thereof, it will certainly cure them,
;

used in qualms and passions of the heart,

j
The flowers and conserve made of them,
s s
 156 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
are singularly good to comfort the heart, pursued its virtues, you will conclude it
and to ex pel the contagion of the pestilence; $ nothing inferior to that which is brought
to burn the herb in houses and chambers, out of China, and by that time this hath
j

corrects the air in them. Both the flowers I been as much used as that hath been, the
and leaves are very profitable for women name which the other hath gotten will be
5

that are troubled with the whites, if they be j eclipsed by the fame of this ; take there-
daily taken. The dried leaves shred small, fore a description at large of it as follows :
j

and taken in a pipe, as tobacco is taken, Descript.~\ At the first appearing out of
11 those
.,1,1
1
that have
l_il_i * A
the
*
when-__!__
1~. *__.__*
..

the winter is past, it hath

1 - *

helps any cough, phthisic, ground,

or consumption, by warming and drying a great round brownish head, rising from
the thin distillations which cause those dis- the middle or sides of the root, which opens
eases. The leaves are very much used in itself into sundry leaves one after another,
bathings ; and made into ointments or oil, very much crumpled or folded together at
are singularly good to help cold benumbed the first, and brownish but afterwards it
:

joints, sinews, or members.

The chymical spreads itself, and becomes smooth, very
oil drawn from the leaves and flowers, is a large and almost round, every one
\
standing
sovereign help for all the diseases aforesaid, j
on a brownish stalk of the thickness of a
to touch the temples and nostrils with two Oman's thumb, when they are grown to their
or three drops for all the diseases of the \ fulness, and most of them two feet and
head and brain spoken of before as also i more in length, especially when they grow
;

ro take one drop, two, or three, as the case \ in any moist or good ground ; and the
tequires, for the inward griefs
Yet must it [ stalk of the leaf, from the bottom thereof to
:

be done with discretion, for it is very quick ? the leaf itself, being also two feet, the breadth
and piercing, and therefore but a little must thereof from edge to edge, in the broadest
>

-* - ' - il *
be taken at a time. There is also another place, being also two feet, of a sad or dark
: -

oil made by insolation in this manner green colour, of a fine tart or sourish taste,
:

Take what quantity you will of the flowers, much more pleasant than the garden or
and put them into a strong glass close wood sorrel. From among these rise up
i

stopped, tie a fine linen cloth over the some, but not every year, strong thick
\

mouth, and turn the mouth down into stalks, not growing so high as the Patience,
J

another strong glass, which being set in the or garden Dock, with such round leaves as
5

sun, an oil will distil down into the lower grow below, but small at every joint up to
glass, to be preserved
as precious for divers the top, and among the flowers, which are
uses,both inward and outward, asa sovereign white, spreading forth into many branches,
balm to heal the disease before-mentioned, consisting of five or six small leaves a-piece,
to clear dim sights, and to take away spots, hardly to be discerned from the white
marks, and scars in the skin. threads in the middle, and seeming to be all
:
threads, after which come brownish three
RHUBARB, OR KEPHONTIC. I
square seeds, like unto other Docks, but
Do not start, and say, This grows you | larger, whereby
it may be
plainly known to
know not how far off and then ask me,
:
\
be a Dock. The root grows in time to be
How it comes to pass that I bring among
it 5
very great, with divers and sundry great
our English simples ? For though the name j spreading
branches from it, of a dark
may speak it foreign, yet it grows with us in * brownish or reddish colour on the outside,
England, and that frequent enough in our \ having
a pale yellow skin under it, which
gardens ; and when you have thoroughly \
covers the inner substance or root, which
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 157

rind and skin being pared away, the root of the stalks being divided into
many small
appears of so fresh and lively a colour, branches, bear reddish or purplish flowers,
with fresh coloured veins running through and three-square seed, like unto other
it, that the choicest of that Rhubarb that is Docks. The root is long, great and yellow,
brought us from beyond the seas cannot j
unto the wild Docks, but a little redder;
like
excel it, which root, if it be dried carefully, (
and if it be a little dried, shews less store of
and as it ought (which must be in our discoloured veins than the other does when
country by the gentle heat of a fire, in re- it is
dry.
gard the sun is not hot enough here to do GREAT ROUND-LEAVED DOCK, OR BAS-
it, and every piece kept from touching one
colour almost as well
TARD RHUBARB.
another) will hold its
as when it is fresh, and has been approved DescriptJ] THIS has divers large, round
of, and commended by those who have thin yellowish green leaves
rising from the
oftentimes used them. root, a little waved about the edges, everv
Place.~\ It grows in gardens, and flowers one standing upon a reasonably thick and
i

about the beginning and middle of June, long brownish footstalk, from among which
i

and the seed is ripe in July. rises up a pretty

j big stalk, about two feet
Time.'] The roots that are to be dried high, with some
$ such high leaves growing
and kept all the year following, are not to thereon, but smaller at the top whereof
I ;

be taken up before the stalk and leaves be stand in a long spike many small brownish
j

quite turned red and gone, and that is not j flowers, which turn into a hard three square
until the middle or end of October, and if shining brown seed, likethe
j
garden Patience
they be taken a little before the leaves do before described.
\ The root grows greater
spring, or when they are sprung up, the thau that, with many branches or great
j

roots will not have half so good a colour in fibres thereat, yellow on the outside, and
them. somewhat pale yellow within, with some
I ;

I have given the precedence unto this, discoloured veins like to the Rhubarb which
j
because in virtues also it hath the pre-emi- is first described, but much less than it,
\

nence. I come now to describe unto you especially when it is dry.

that which is called Patience, or Monk's Place and Time.~] These also grow in
Rhubarb and the next unto that, the great gardens, and flower and seed at or near the
;
j

round-leaved Dock, or Bastard Rhubarb, same time that our true Rhubarb doth, viz.
for the one of these may happily
supply in they flower in June, and the seed is ripe in
the absence of the other, being not much July.
unlike in their virtues, only one more Government and virtues.'] Mars claims
powerful and efficacious than the other. predominancy over all these wholesome
And lastly, shall shew you the virtues of all herbs You cry out upon him for an un-
1.1 \
/
:

11. * S~t -t

the three sorts.

^
fortunate, when God created him for your

MONK good (only he is angry with fools.) What

GARDEN-PATIENCE, OR S RHU-_ | '

BARB.
dishonour is this, not to Mars, but toGod
4
himself. A dram of the dried root of
Descript.'] THIS is a Dock bearing the j
Monk's Rhubarb, with a scruple of Ginger
name of Rhubarb for some purging quality i made into powder, and taken fasting in a
therein, and grows up with large tall stalks,
draught or mess of warm broth, purges
j
set with somewhat broad and choler and phlegm downwards very gently
long, fair, j

green leaves, not dented at all. The tops { and safely without danger. The seed
158 THE COMPLETE HERBAL,
thereof contrary doth bind the belly, and j blood, opening obstructions, and helping
helps to stay any sort of lasks or bloody- those griefs that come thereof, as the
j jaun-
flux. The distilled water thereof is very dice, dropsy, swelling of the spleen, tertain
profitably used to
heal scabs ; also foul and daily agues, and pricking pains of the
ulcerous sores, and to allay the inflamma-
sides; and also stays spitting of blood.
tion of them ; the juice of the leaves or The powder taken with cassia dissolved,
T 1 I t -W

roots or the decoction of them in vinegar, and washed Venice turpentine, cleanses the
{

is used as the most effectual remedy to heal reins and strengthens them
afterwards, and
scabs and running sores. is
very effectual to stay the gonorrhea. It
The Bastard Rhubarb hath all the pro- is also given for the pains and swellings in
perties of the Monk's
i* Rhubarb, but more the head, for those that are troubled with
i i i i \

effectual for both inward and outward dis- melancholy, and helps the sciatica,
j gout,
eases. The decoction thereof without vine- and the cramp. The powder of the Rhu-
gar dropped into the ears, takes away the; barb taken with a little mummia and mad-
der roots in some red wine, dissolves clotted
gargled in the mouth, takes away
'

pains ;

the tooth ache and being drank, heals the blood in the body, happening by any fall
; j

jaundice.
The seed thereof taken, eases or bruise, and helps burstings and broken
the gnawing and griping pains of the parts, as well inward as outward. The oil
j

stomach, and takes away the loathing there- | likewise wherein it hath been boiled, works
of unto meat. The root thereof helps the |
the like effects being anointed. It is used

ruggedness of the nails,

and being boiled in $ to heal those ulcers that
happen in the eyes
wine helps the swelling of the throat, com- or eyelids, being steeped and strained as ;
j

monly called the king's evil, as also the > the swellings and inflam-
also to assuage
of the ears. mations and
swellings of the kernels applied with honey, boiled
It | ;

with the
helps them troubled
that are stone, in wine, it takes away all blue
| spots or
tr* o t \nor\ t MOI*AI n
and the dimness of marks r c 1
\t
provokes urine, helps that happen
L"
therein. Whey or
_

the sight. The roots of this Bastard Rhu- white wine are the best liquors to steep it
i

barb are used in opening and purging diet- in, and thereby it works more effectual in
i

drinks, with other things, to open the liver, opening obstructions, and purging the
1

and to cleanse and cool the blood. stomach and liver. Many do use a little
|

The properties of that which is called the Indian Spikenard as the best corrector
i

English Rhubarb are the

same with the thereof, \

former, but much more effectual, and hath i

all the properties of the true Italian Rhu- 1

barbs, except the force in purging, wherein }

Descript.~] MEADOW-RWU rises up with
it is but of half the strength thereof, and I a yellow stringy root, much spreading in
therefore a double quantity must be used : | the ground, shooting forth new sprouts
it likewise hath not that bitterness and as- round about, with many herby green stalks,
j

triction ; in other things it works almost in j

two feet high, crested all the length of them,
an equal quantity, which are these : It i set with joints here and there, and many
purges the body of choler
and phlegm, being) large leaves on them, above as well as be-
either taken of itself, made into powder, and I low, being divided into smaller leaves,
drank in a draught of white wine, or steeped j nicked or dented in the fore part of them,
therein all night, and taken fasting, or put s of a red green colour on the upper-side,
among other purges, as shall be thought | and pale green underneath ; Toward the
convenient, cleansing the stomach, liver, and \ top of the stalk there shoots forth divers
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 159

short branches, on every one whereof stand \

often taken in meat and drink, it abates

two, three or four small heads, or buttons, | venery. A decoction thereof with some
which breaking the skin that incloses them, \
dried dill leaves and flowers, eases all pains
shoots forth a tuft of pale greenish yellow j and torments, inwardly to be drank, and
threads, which falling away, there come in j outwardly to be applied warm to the place
their places small three-cornered cods, j grieved. The same being drank, helps the
wherein is contained small, long and round pains both of the chest and sides, as also
j
seed. The whole plant has a strong un-| coughs and hardness of breathing, the in-
pleasant scent. j
flammations of the lungs, and the torment-
PlaceJ] It grows in many places of this
\
ing pains of the sciatica and the joints, being
land, in the borders of moist meadows, and j anointed, or laid to the places ; as also the
ditch-sides. *
shaking fits of agues, to take a draught be-
Time.~\ It flowers about July, or the be- fore the fit comes. Being boiled or infused
j

ginning of August. I
in oil, it is good to help the wind cholic,
Government and virtues.] Dioscorides j the hardness and windiness of the mother,
saith, That this herb bruised and applied, (and frees women from the strangling or
perfectly heals old sores, and the distilled \ suffocation thereof, if the share and the
water of the herb and flowers doth the like, parts thereabouts be anointed therewith. It
j
It .is used by some among other pot-herbs kills and drives forth the worms of the
|

to open the body, and make it soluble ; but j belly, if it be drank after it is boiled in wine
the roots washed clean, and boiled in ale j to the half, with a little honey; it helps the
and drank, provokes to stool more than the | gout or pains in the joint?, hands, feet or
leaves, but yet very gently. The root knees, applied thereunto ; and with figs it.
i

boiled in water, and the places of the body \ helps the dropsy, being bathed therewith :
most troubled with vermin and lice washed Being bruised and put into the nostrils, it
therewith while it is warm, destroys them slays the bleeding thereof.
5 It takes away
utterly. In Italy it is
good against thejwheals and pimples, if being bruised with a
plague, and in Saxony against the jaundice, few myrtle leaves, it be made up with wax,
as Camerarius saith. and applied. It cures the morphew, and
takes away all sorts of warts, if boiled in
GARDEN-RUE.
| wine with some pepper and nitre, and the
GARDEN-RUE is so well known by this j place rubbed therewith, and with almond
name, and the name Herb of Grace, that I j and honey helps the dry scabs, or any
shall not need to write any farther
descrip- \ tetter or ringworm. The juice thereof
tion of it, but shall shew you the virtue of it, warmed in a pomegranate shell or rind, and
as follows. dropped into the ears, helps the pains of
Government and virtues."] It is an herb of them. The juice of it and fennel, with a
the Sun, and under Leo. It provokes urine little honey, and the gall of a cock put there-
and women's courses, being taken either in unto, helps the dimness of the eye-sight.
meat or drink. The seed thereof taken in An ointment made of the juice thereof with
wine, is an antidote against all dangerous j oil of roses, ceruse, and a little vinegar, and
5 Oi A ~ iL '
medicines or deadly poisons. The leaves anointed, cures St. Anthony's fire, and all
taken either by themselves, or with figs and
running sores in the head : and the stinking
walnuts, is called Mithridate's counter-poi- ulcers of the nose, or other parts. The
son against the plague, and causes all veno- antidote used by Mithridates, every morn-
mous things to become harmless; being ing fasting, to secure himself from any
T T
160 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
poison or infection, was this: Take twenty ground, about a span long, divided into
j

leaves of rue, a little salt, a couple of wal-

many other smaller parts full of small joints
nuts, and a couple of tigs, beaten togetherset very thick together, whereat come forth
into a mess, with twenty juniper berries, two very small leaves of a French yellow,
which is the quantity appointed for every green coloured branches and all, where
day. Another electuary is made thus | grows forth also a numSer of exceedingly
:

Take of nitre, pepper, and cumrnin seed, small yellowish flowers, scarce to be dis-
i

of each equal parts ; of the leaves of Rue cerned from the stalks and leaves, which
*

clean picked, as much in weight as all the! turn into seeds as small as the very dust,
other three weighed; beat them well toge-The root is very long and small, thrusting
ther, and put as much honey as will make down deep into the ground.
i This has
it up into an electuary (but you must first neither smell nor taste at first, but after-

steep your cummin seed in vinegar twenty ! wards has a little astringent taste, without
four hours, and then dry it, or rather roast; any manifest heat; yet a little bitter and
it in a hot fire-shovel, or in an oven) and is sharp withal.
j
a remedy for the pains or griefs in the chest Placed] It grows in dry, sandy, and
|

or stomach, of the spleen, belly, or sides, rocky places.

\

by wind or stitches; of the liver by ob-j Time."] It is fresh and green ail the
structions ; of the reins and bladder by the j Summer.
stopping of urine and helps also toex-|
; Government and virtues.'] They say Saturn
tenuate fat corpulent bodies. What an in- causes ruptures ; if he do, he does no more
1

famy is cast upon the ashes of Mithridates, \ than he can cure ; if you want wit, he will
or Methridates (as the Augustines read his* teach you, though to your cost. This herb
name) by unworthy people. They that | is Saturn's own, and is a noble antivene-
deserve no good report themselves, love to rean. Rupture-wort hath not its name in
j

give none to others, viz. That renowned vain for it is found by experience to cure
$ :

King of Poutus fortified his body by poison \ the rupture, not only in children but also in
against poison. (He cast out devils by Beel- \ elder persons, if the disease be not too in-
zebub, Prince of the devils.) What a sot is | veterate, by taking a dram of the powder
he that knows not if he had accustomed his: of the dried herb every day in wine, or a
body to cold poisons, but poisons would j decoction made and drank for certain days
have dispatched him? on the contrary, if j together. The juice or distilled water of
not, corrosions would have done it. The* the green herb, taken in the same manner,
whole world is at this present time beholden helps all other fluxes either of man or
*

to him for his studies in physic, and he that woman; vomitings also, and the gonorrhea,
uses the quantity but of an hazel-nut of that j being taken any of the ways aforesaid. It

receipt every morning, to which his name \ doth also most assuredly help those that
is
adjoined, shall to admiration preserve (have the stranguary, or are troubled with
his body in health, if he do but consider Jthe stone or gravel in the reins or bladder,
that Rue is an herb of the Sun, and under The same also helps stitches in the sides,
\

Leo, and gather it and the rest accord- \ griping pains of the stomach or belly, the
ingly. :obstructions of the liver, and cures the yel-
low jaundice ; likewise it kills also the
\

}
worms in children. Being outwardly ap-
Descript."] THIS spreads very many j plied, it
conglutinates wounds notably, and
thready branches round about upon the: helps much to stay defluctions of rheum
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 161

from the head to the eyes, nose, and teeth, i

*
did describe it, they would presently say,

being bruised green and bound thereto or ; I might as well have spared
spare< that labour.
the forehead, temples, or the nape of the Its virtue follows.
neck behind, bathed with the decoction of Government and virtues.] Rye is more
the dried herb. It also dries up the mois- digesting than wheat; the bread and the
ture of fistulous ulcers, or any other that are. Jeaven thereof ripens and breaks
impos-
foul and spreading. thumes, boils, and other swellings The :

of Rye put between a double cloth,

a USHES jmeal
and moistened with a little vinegar, and
j
ALTHOUGH there are many kinds of {heated in a pewter dish, set over a chafing
Rushes, yet I shall only here insist upon j dish of coals, and bound fast to the head
those which are best known, and most while it is hot, doth much ease the continual
I

medicinal ; as the bulrushes, and other of? pains of the head. Matthiolus saith, that
the soft and smooth kinds, which grow so the ashes of Rye straw put into water, and
I

commonly in almost every part of this land, | steeped therein a day and a night, and the
and are so generally noted, that I suppose chops of the hands or feet washed therewith,
j

it needless to trouble you with any des- doth heal them, i

cription of them Briefly then take the

:

SAFFRON.
virtues of them as follows :

Government and virtues^] The seed of THE herb needs no description, it being
the soft Rushes, (saith Dioscorides and known generally where it grows.
Galen, toasted, saith Pliny) being drank in j Place.'] It grows frequently at Walden
wine and water, stays the lask and women's j in Essex, and in Cambridgeshire,
courses, when they come down too abun- \ Government and virtues.] It is an herb
but it causes head-ache ; it pro- of the Sun, and under the Lion, and there-
daily :
j
vokes sleep likewise, but must be given fore you need not demand a reason why it
5

with caution. The root boiled in water, to strengthens the heart so exceedingly.
j Let
the consumption of one third, helps the 1 not above ten grains be given at one time,
cough. for the Sun, which is the fountain of light,
|
Thus you see that conveniences have may dazzle the eyes, and make them blind ;
their inconveniences, and virtue is seldom a cordial being taken in an immoderate
unaccompanied with some vices. What quantity, hurts the heart instead of help-
I have written concerning Rushes, is to ing it. It quickens the brain, for the Sun
\

satisfy my countrymen's questions : Are j is exalted in Aries, as he hath his house in

our Rushes good for nothing ? Yes, and as \ Leo. It helps consumptions of the lungs.

good let them alone as taken. There are and difficulty of breathing. It is excellent
remedies enough without them for any dis- in epidemical diseases, as pestilence, small-
ease, and therefore as the proverb is, I care pox, and measles. It is a notable expul-
not a rush for them or rather they will do \ sive medicine, and a notable remedy for the
;

you as much good as if one had given you yellow jaundice.

*.
My opinion is, (but I
a Rush. have no author for it) that hermodactyls are
5

nothing else but the roots of Saffron dried

|
;

my reason is, that the roots of all

land
THIS is so well known in all the counties! crocus, both white and yellow, purge
of this land, and especially to the country- 1
phlegm as hermodactyls do ; and if yon
people, who feed much thereon, that if 1 1 please to dry the roots of any crocus, neither
102 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
your eyes nor your taste shall distinguish with wormwood is
good for the bloody-flux.
them from hermodactyls. it
procures women's courses,
Pliny saith,
and stays them coming down too fast: helps
\
SAGE.
I the
stinging and biting of serpents, and kills
OUR ordinary garden Sage needs no the worms that breed in the ear, and in
\

description. sores.1
Sage is of excellent use to help the
Time.~\ It flowers in or about July. \ memory, warming and quickening the
Government and virtues.] Jupiter claims senses and the conserve made of the flowers
i ;

this, and bids me tell you, it is good for the is used to the same purpose, and also for all
\

liver, and to breed blood. A decoction of the former recited diseases. The juice of
j

the leaves and branches of Sage made and Sage drank with vinegar, hath been of good
;

drank, saith Dioscorides, provokes urine, | use time of the plague at all times,
in
brings down women's courses, helps to i
Gargles likewise are made with Sage, rose-
expel the dead child, and causes the hair mary, honey-suckles, and plantain, boiled
j

to become black. It stays the bleeding of in wine or water, with some honey or allum
s

wounds, and cleanses foul ulcers. Three put thereto, to wash sore mouths and
I

spoonfuls of the juice of Sage taken fasting, j throats, cankers, or the secret parts of man
with a little honey, doth presently stay the or woman, as need requires.
\ And with
spitting or casting of blood of them that are other hot and comfortable herbs, Sage is
|

in a consumption. These pills are much | boiled to bathe the body and the legs in the
commended Take
; of spikenard, ginger, Summer time, especially to warm cold
5

of each two drams; of the seed of Sage r sinews, troubled with the
palsy
points,
toasted at the fire, eight drams ; of long and cramp, and to comfort and strengthen
j

pepper, twelvedrams; all these beingbroughu the parts. It is much commended against
into powder, put thereto so much juice of | the stitch, or pains in the side coming of
Sage as may make them into a mass of .'wind, if the place be fomented warm with
pills, taking a dram of them every morning the decoction
! thereof in wine, and the
fasting, and so likewise at night, drinking herb also after boiling be laid warm there-
i

a little pure water after them. Matthiolus unto, j

saith, it
very profitable for all manner j
is
of pains in the head coming of cold and j
WOOD-SAGE.
rheumatic humours as aiso for all pains of;
:

the joints, whether inwardly or outwardly, ',

Descript.~] WOOD-SAGE rises up with
and therefore helps the falling-sickness, the j
square hoary stalks, two feet high at the
lethargy such as are dull and heavy of j least, with two leaves set at every joint,
spirit,the palsy ; and is of much use in all i somewhat like other Sage leaves, but
defluctions of rheum from the head, and for \ and rounder, and a
smaller, softer, whiter,
the diseases of the chest or breast. The dented about the edges, and smelling
little
j
leaves of Sage and nettles bruised together, j
somewhat stronger. At the tops of the
and laid upon the imposthume that rises 1 stalks and branches stand the flowers, on a
behind the ears, doth assuage it much, j
slender like spike, turning themselves all
The juice of Sage taken in warm water, |
one way when they blow, and are of a pale
helps a hoarseness and a cough. The i and whitish colour, smaller than Sage, but
leaves sodden in wine, and laid upon the hooded and gaping like unto them. The
place affected with the palsy, helps much, j
seed is blackish and round four usually
;

if the decoction be drank Also Sage taken

: t seem in a husk together the root is long
:
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 163

and stringy, with divers fibres thereat,

and one, and sometimes
i also two stalks and
abides many years. I flowers at the foot of a leaf, which are with-
P/ace.] It grows in woods, and by j
out any scent at all, and stand on the top
wood-sides ; as also in divers fields and j of the stalk. After they are past, come in
bye-lanes in the land. \ their places small round berries great at the

Time.'] It flowers in June, July, and \ first, and blackish green, tending to blueness

August. rrai i i i
|
i
when they are i ripe, wherein milie small,
-i i *"i *

Government and virtues.'] The herb is white, hard, and stony seeds. The root is
under Venus. The decoction of the Wood of the thickness of one's finger or thumb,
Sage provokes urine and women's courses: white and knotted in some places, a flat
It also provokes sweat, digests humours, \
round
circle representing a Seal, whereof it
and discusses swellings and nodes in the took the name, lying along under the upper
!

flesh, and is therefore thought to be good crust of the earth, and not growing down-
!

against the French pox. The decoction ward, but with many fibres underneath,
\

of the green herb, made with wine, is a safe \ Place.'] It is frequent in divers places of

and sure remedy for those who by falls, this land as, namely in a wood two miles
;

bruises, or blows, suspect some vein to be from Canterbury, by Fish-Pool Hill, as also
inwardly broken, to disperse and void the in Bushy Close belonging to the parsonage
congealed blood, and to consolidate the | of Alderbury, near Clarendon, two miles
veins. The drink used inwardly, and the from Salisbury in Cheffon wood, on Ches-
j
:

herb used outwardly, is good for such as son Hill, between Newington and Sitting-
|

are inwardly or outwardly bursten, and is { bourn in Kent, and divers other places in
found to be a sure remedy for the palsy, Essex, and other counties.
i

The juice of the herb, or the powder there- 1 Time.'] It flowers about May: The
of dried, is good for moist ulcers and sores root abides and shoots a-new every year,
j

in the legs, and other parts, to dry them, i Government and virtues."] Saturn owns
and cause them to heal more speedily. It the plant, for he loves his bones well. The
i

is no less effectual also in

green wounds, to root of Solomon's Seal is found by experience
,

be used upon any occasion. to be available in wounds, hurts, and out-

5

ward sores, to heal and close up the lips of

SOLOMON S SEAL.
those that are green, and to dry up and
DescriptJ] THE common Solomon's restrain the flux of humours to those that
Seal rises up with a round stalk half a yard i are old. It is singularly good to stay
high, bowing or bending down to the | vomitings
and bleeding wheresoever, as
ground, set with single leaves one above | also all fluxes in man or woman ; also, to
another, somewhat large, and like the leaves \ knit any joint, which by weakness uses to
of the lily-convally, or May-lily, with an \ be often out of place, or will not stay in
eye of bluish upon the green, with some pong when it is set; also to knit and join
ribs therein, and more yellowish under- \ broken bones in any part of the body, the
neath. At the foot of every leaf, almost! roots being bruised and applied to the
from the bottom up to the top of the stalk, j places ; yea, it hath been found by expe-
come forth small, long, white and hollow | rience, an-d the decoction of the root in
pendulous flowers, somewhat like the; wine, or the bruised root put into wine or
flowers of May-lily, but ending in five long! other drink, and after a night's infusion,
points, for the most part two together, at the strained forth hard and drank, hath helped
|

end of a long foot-stalk, and sometimes but both man and beast, whose bones hath been
u u
164 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
broken by any occasion, which isthe most are the cause of most of the diseases which
|

assured refuge of help to people of divers the frail nature of man is subject to; both
j

counties of the land that they can have. It which might be remedied
5
by a more fre-
is no less effectual to help ruptures andjquentuse of this herb. If people would
the decoction in wine, or the have sauce to their meat,
burstings, j they may take
powder in broth or drink, being inwardly some
?
for profit as well as for pleasure. It
taken, and outwardly applied to the place. is
{
a safe herb, very pleasant both to taste
The same is also available for inward or out-; and stomach, helps digestion, and in some
ward bruises, falls or blows, both to dispel i sort opening obstructions of the liver and
the congealed blood, and to take away j
spleen :
provokes urine, and helps thereby
both the pains and the black and blue; to wash away the gravel and stone
engen-
marks that abide after the hurt. The same ; dered in the kidneys or bladder,
also, or the distilled water of the whole |

plant, used to the face, or other parts

of the \

skin, cleanses it from morphew, freckles, 5 THIS herb is by many called Butter-
spots, or marks whatsoever, leaving the wort.
>

place fresh, fair, and lovely; for which J Descript.~\ Ordinary Sanicle sends forth
it is much used by the Italian many great
: round leaves, standing upon
purpose
Dames. long brownish stalks, every one somewhat
\

deeply cut or divided into five or six parts,

$

and some of these also cut in somewhat like

;

DescriptJ] ROCK Samphire grows up the leaf of crow's-foot, or dove's-foot, and

\

with a tender green stalk about half a yard, finely dented about the edges, smooth, and
j

or two feet high at the most, branching! of a dark shining colour, and somewhat
forth almost from the very bottom, and? reddish about the brims; from among
stored with sundry thick and almost round which arise up small, round green stalks,
j

(somewhat long) leaves of a deep green without any joint or leaf thereon, saving at
j

colour, sometimes two together, and some- the top, where it branches forth into flowers,
j

times more on a stalk, and sappy, and of; having a leaf divided into three or four
a pleasant, hot, and spicy taste. At the parts at that joint with the flowers, which
j

top of the stalks and branches stand umbels: are small and white, starting
out of small
of white flowers, and after them come large round greenish yellow heads, many stand-
j

seed, bigger than fennel seed, yet some- ing together in a tui't, in which afterwards
|

what like it. The root is great, white, and are the seeds contained, which are small
:

long, continuing many years, and round burs, somewhat like the leaves ol
is of an 5

hot and spicy taste likewise. clevers, and stick in the same manner upon
!

Place.] It grows on the rocks that are any thing that they touch. The root is
often moistened at the least, if not over- composed of many blackish strings or
j

flowed with the sea water. j fibres,

set together at a little long head,

Time.] And it flowers and seeds in the j which abides with

green leaves all the Win-
end of July and August. ?ter, and perishes not.
Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of Place.']
|
It is found in many shadowy

Jupiter, and was in former times wont to be woods, and other places of thib land,
j

used more than now it is the more is the j

;
Time.'] It flowers in June, and the seed
It is well known almost to every ; is ripe shortly after,
pity.
body, that ill digestions and obstructions Government and virtues.] This is one of
$
 Pl.ATK .17.

M e a do w S a xifr a ir e
Gr eat S aiiic le
SarapKir e

Gard-en Sc abioiis
SHepherds Purse

B '

mcen'a Confound
fieal

THOMAS "KK. I
'

.
!>ONM835 .
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 105

Venus's herbs, to cure the wounds or mis- no leaf appears in the "Winter. The taste
chiefs Mars inflicts upon the body of man. hereof is strong and unpleasant ; and so is

It heals green wounds speedily, or any 1 the smell also.

ulcers, imposthumes, or bleedings inward,' Place.'] It grows in moist and wet
also tumours in any part of the body; for! grounds, by wood-sides, and sometimes in
the decoction or powder in drink taken,* moist places of shadowy groves, as also by
and the juice used outwardly, dissipates the water side.
\

the humours and there is not found any

:
Time.'] It flowers in July, and the seed
j

herb that can give such present help either is soon ripe, and carried away with the
\

to manor beast, whenthe disease falleth

j
wind.
upon the lungs or throat, and to heal up j Government and virtues.] Saturn owns
putrid malignant ulcers in the mouth,} the herb, and it is of a sober condition, like
throat, and privities, by gargling or wash- \
him. the Germans, this wound
Among
ing with the decoction of the leaves and ! herb
preferred before all others of the
is

roots made in water, and a little honey put; same quality. Being boiled in wine, and
thereto. It helps to stay women's courses, drank, it helps the indisposition of the
i

and all other fluxes of blood, either by the liver, and freeth the gall from obstructions ;
i

mouth, urine, or stool, and lasks of the | whereby it is good for the yellow jaundice,
belly ; the ulcerations of the kidneys also, | and for the dropsy in the beginning of it ;
and the pains in the bowels, and gonorrhea, \ for all inward ulcers of the reins, mouth or
being boiled in wine or water, and drank. | throat, and inward wounds and bruises,
The same also is no less powerful to help i likewise for such sores as happen in the
any ruptures or burstings, used both in- privy partsof menand women ; beingsteepcd
;

wardly and outwardly : And briefly, it is! in wine, and then distilled, the water there-
as effectual in binding, restraining, conso- |of drank, is singular!} good to ease all gnaw-
7

lidating, heating, drying and healing, as \ ings in the stomach, or other pains of the
comfrey, bugle, self-heal, or any other of j body, as also the pains of the mother: and
the vulnerary herbs whatsoever. j being
boiled in water, it helps continual

SARACENS CONFOUND, OR SARACEN Si

a UCS ' C * * '
T 8
P le m
WOUNDWORT. * T
I
- a
atCr f the dlSt led >
L!
^^ ? ,
!

r thC J U CC
!
r
.

decoction, are very effectual to heal any

Descript.'] THIS grows sometimes, with t green wound, or old sore or ulcer what-
brownish stalks, and other whiles with ; soever, cleansing them from corruption,
green, to aman's height, having narrow and quickly healing them up
!
Briefly, :

green leaves snipped about the edges, some- whatsoever hath been said of bugle or sani-
1

what like those of the peach-tree, or willow jcle, may be found herein,
leaves, but not of such a white green colour.
OR J ACK-B Y-THE-HEDGE-
The tops of the stalks are furnished with SAUCE-ALONE,
SIDE.
many yellow star-like flowers, standing in
green heads, which when they are fallen,! Descript.'] THE lower leaves of this are
and the seed ripe, which is somewhat long, rounder than those that grow towards the
j

small and of a brown colour, wrapped in top of the stalks, and are set singly on a
i

down, is therefore carried away with the! joint being somewhat round and broad,
wind. The root is composed of fibres set {pointed at the ends, dented also about the
together at a head, which perishes not in edges, somewhat resembling nettle leaves
Winter, although the stalks dry away and j for the form, but of a fresher green colour,
160 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
not rough or pricking The flowers are you all the year, if you love yourself and
:

white, growing at the top of the stalks one your ease, and it is a hundred pounds to a
above another, which being past, follow penny if you do not ; keep it dry, make
small round pods, wherein are contained conserves and syrups of it for your use, and
round seed somewhat blackish. The root withal, take notice that the Summer kind
stringy and thready, perishes every year is the best. They are both of them hot
after it hath given seed, and raises itself and dry,
especially the Summer kind,
again of its own sowing. The plant, or which is both sharp and quick in taste,
any part thereof, being bruised, smells of expelling wind in the stomach and bowels,
garlic, but more pleasantly, and tastes and is a present help for the rising of the
somewhat hot and sharp, almost like unto mother procured by wind provokes urine ;

rocket. and women's courses, and is much com-

Placed] It grows under walls, and by mended for women with child to take in-
hedge-sides, and path-ways in fields in wardly, and to smell often unto. It cures
many places. tough phlegm in the chest and lungs, and
Time.~\ It flowers in June, July, and helps to expectorate it the more easily ;
August. quickens the dull spirits in the lethargy, the
Government and virtues. ~]
It is an herb of juice thereof being snuffed up into the
This eaten by many country nostrils. The juice dropped into the ej es,
r
Mercury. is

people as sauce to their salt fish, and helps clears a dull sight, if it proceed of thin cold
well to digest the crudities and other cor- humours distilled from the brain. The
rupt humours engendered thereby. It juiceheated with the oil of Roses, and dropped
warms also the stomach, and causes diges- into the ears, eases them of the noise and
tion. The juice thereof boiled with honey singing in them, and of deafness also.
is accounted to be as
good as hedge mus- Outwardly applied with wheat flour, in
tard for the cough, to cut and expectorate manner of a poultice, it gives ease to the
the tough phlegm. The seed bruised and sciatica and palsied members, heating and
boiled in wine, is a singularly good remedy warming them, and takes away their pains.
for the wind colic, or the stone,
being drank It also lakes away the pain that comes by
warm :It is also
given to women troubled stinging of bees, wasps, &c.
with the mother, both to drink, and the
seed put into a cloth, and applied while it
SAVINE
is warm, is of
singularly good use. The To describe a plant so well known is need-
leaves also, or the seed boiled, is good to be less, it being nursed up almost in every gar-
used in clysters to ease the pains of the den, and abides green all the Winter.
stone. The green leaves are held to be Government and virtues.] It is under the
good to heal the ulcers in the
legs.
dominion of Mars, being hot and dry in
the third degree, and being of exceeding
WINTER AND SUMMER SAVOURY.
clean parts, is of a very
digesting quality.
BOTH these are so well known (being If you dry the herb into powder, and mix
entertained as constant inhabitants in our it with honey, it is an excellent remedy to

gardens) that they need no description. cleanse old filthy ulcers and fistulas ; but
Government and virtues.'] Mercury claims ithinders them from healing. The same is
dominion over this herb, neither is there excellently good to break carbuncles and
a detter remedy against the colic and iliac
plague-sores; also helps the king's evil,
passion, than this herb ; keep it
dry by being applied to the place. Being spread
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 167

over a piece of leather, and applied to the them, and^ to expel it and the gravel by
j
to help the stranguary for which
navel, kills the worms in the belly, helps urine ; ;

:cabs and itch, running sores, cankers; tet- purpose the decoction of the herb or roots
ters, and ringworms and being applied
;
to in white wine, is most usual, or the powder
the place, may haply cure venereal sores of the small kernelly root, which is called
This I thought good* to speak of, as it may the seed, taken in white wine, or in the
be safely used outwardly, for inwardly it same decoction made with white wine, is
cannot be taken without manifest danger. most usual. The distilled water of the
whole herb, root and flowers, is most farai-
THE COMMON WHITE SAXIFRAGE. ]iar to be taken It provokes also women's
.
j

Descript.
"]
THIS hath a few small red- courses, and frees and cleanses the stomach
dish kernels of roots covered with some and lungs from thick and tough phlegm
skins, lying among divers small blackish that trouble them.
I There are not many
fibres, which send forth divers round, faint better medicines to break
$
the stone than
or yellow green leaves, and greyish under- this.
j

neath lying above the grounds, unevenly

BURNET SAXIFRAGE.
dented about the edges, and somewhat:
hairy, every one upon a little foot-stalk, Descript..] THE greater sort of our
from whence rises up round, brownish, English Burnet Saxifrage grows up with
divers long stalks of winged leaves, set.
hairy, green stalks, two or three feet high,
with a few such like round leaves as grow directly opposite one to another on both
!

below, but smaller, and somewhat branched sides, each being somewhat broad, and a
1

at the top, whereon stand pretty large white little pointed and dented about the edges,
j
flowers of five leaves a-piece, with some 1 of a sad green colour. At the top of the
*

yellow threads in the middle, standing in a stalks stand umbels of white flowers, after
long crested, brownish green husk. After i which come small and blackish seed. The
the flowers are past, there arises sometimes [
root is
long and whitish, abiding long. Our
a round hard head, forked at the top, lesser Burnet Saxifrage hath much finer
i

wherein is contained small black seed, but; leaves than the former, and very small, and
usually they fall away without any seed, set one against another, deeply jagged
I

and it is the kernels or grains of the root! about the edges, and of the same colour as
which are usually called the White Saxi- the former. The umbels of the flowers are
j

frage-seed, and so used. white, and the seed very small, and so is
I

Place.'] It grows in many places of our the

j
root, being also somewhat hot and quick
land, as well in the lower-most, as in the in taste.
j

upper dry corners of meadows, and grassy j Place."] These grow in moist meadows
sandy places. It used to grow near Lamb's \
of this land, and are easy to be found being
conduit, on the backside of Gray's Inn. well sought for among the grass, wherein
j

Time!] It flowers in May, and then \ many times they lay hid scarcely to be dis-
gathered, as well for that which is called j
cerned.
the seed, as to distil, for it quickly Time.'] They flower about July, and
perishesj
down to the ground' when any hot weather their seed
j
is ripe in August,
comes. Government and virtues.'] They are both
Government and virtues."]
It is very ef-|of them herbs of the Moon. The Saxi-
fectual to cleanse the reins and bladder, frages are hot as pepper ; and Tragus saith,
j
+
o dissolve the stone engendered in j by his experience, that they are wholesome
x x
1C8 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
They have the same properties the pars- j great, white and thick, growing clown deep
but
leys have, provoking urine, and [into the ground, and abides many years,
in
causing the pains thereof, and of the wind? There is another sort of Field Scabious
and colic, are much more effectual, the different in nothing from the former, but
i

roots or seed being used either in

powder, only it is smaller in all respects.
or in decoctions, or any other The Corn Scabious differs little from the
way and ;

likewise helps the windy

pains of the; first, but that it is greater in all respects,
mother, and to procure their courses, and ; and the flowers more inclining to purple,
to break and void the stone in the
kidneys, land the root creeps under the upper crust
tough phlegm \ of the earth, and runs not deep into the
to digest cold, viscous, and
in the stomach, and is an
especial remedy ground as the first doth.
against all kind of venom. Castoreum \ Place.'] The first grows more usually in
being boiled in the distilled water thereof, meadows, especially about London every
\

is
singularly good to be given to those that 1 where.
are troubled with cramps and convulsions. I The second in some of the dry fields
Some do use to make the seeds into comfits about this city, but not so plentifully as the
(as they do carraway seeds) which is effec- former.
tual to all the purposes aforesaid. The The third in standing corn, or fallow
juice of the herb dropped into the most fields, and the borders of such like fields,
;

grievous wounds of the head, dries up their j Time.'] They flower in June and July,
moisture, and heals them quickly. Some and some abide flowering until it be late in
women use the distilled water to take away iiAugust, and11the seed1*is ripe in the mean
t
1 1 *
1 1 1 * * 1

freckles or spots in the skin or face ; and time.

to drink the same sweetened with There are many other sorts of Scabious,
sugar for
all the but I take these which I have here des-
purposes aforesaid.
cribed to be most familiar with us. The
SCABIOUS, THREE SORTS. virtues of both these and the rest, being

|
much alike, take them as follow.
COMMON Scabious grows
field
|
Government and virtues.'] Mercury owns
up with many hairy, soft, whitish the Scabious is very effectual for
green plant. j

leaves, some whereof are very little, if at sorts of coughs, shortness of breath, and
jail
all
jagged on the edges, others very much j all other diseases of the breast and lungs,
rent and torn on the sides, and have threads ripening and digesting cold phlegm, and
5

in them, which upon voids them forth by

breaking may be j other tough humours,
plainly seen ; from among which rise up j coughing and spitting : It ripens also all
divers hairy green stalks, three or four feet 'sorts of inward ulcers and imposthumes ;

high, with such like hairy green leaves on i pleurisy also, if the decoction of the herb
them, but more deeply and finely divided and j dry or green be made in wine, and drank
branched forth a little At the tops thereof, {for some time together. Four ounces of
:

which are naked and bare of leaves for ajthe clarified juice of Scabious taken in the
good space, stand round heads of with a dram of mithridale,
flowers,] morning fasting,
of a pale blueish colour, set frees the heart from any
together in a -or Venice treacle,
head, the outermost whereof are larger than { infection of pestilence, if after the taking
the inward, with many threads also in the of it the party sweat two hours in bed, and
j

middle, somewhat flat at the top, as the i this medicine be again and again repeated,
head with the seed is likewise ; the root is if need require. The green herb bruised
;
 PLATE !<"-.

accorv Sol o 111 on* s S e a.1 Wild Su_c c orv

Sp i^-ricl \\' 00 it Sit r re I

(' o m in on S orrcl

Si U 'I'll I S 1 '. :.

TM a s \
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
and applied any carbuncle or plague: grass hath many thick flat leaves, more
to
sore, is found by certain experience to dis- long than broad, and sometimes longer and
1

solve and break it in three hours space. narrower

\
sometimes also smooth on the
;

The same decoction also drank, helps the edges, and sometimes a little waved some-
j ;

pains and stitches

in the side. The decoc- times plain, smooth and pointed, of a sad
j

tion of the roots taken for forty days toge- green, and sometimes a blueish colour,
5

ther, or a dram of the powder of then> every one standing by itself upon a long
taken at a time in whey, doth (as Matthi- foot-stalk, which is brownish or greenish
j

olus saith) wonderfully help those that are also, from among which arise many slender
|

troubled with running of spreading scabs, j stalks,bearing few leaves thereon like the
tetters, ringworms, yea, although they pro- j other, but longer and less for the most
ceed from the French pox, which, he saith | part : At the tops whereof grow many
he hath tried by experience. The juice or; whitish flowers, with yellow threads in the
decoction drank, helps also scabs and j
middle, standing about a green head, which
breakings-out of the itch, and the like. {
becomes the. seed vessel, which will be
The juice also made up an ointment somewhat flat when it is ripe, wherein is
into j

and used, is same purpose. contained reddish seed, tasting somewhat

effectual for the |

The same also heals all inward wounds by hot.

j
The root is. made of many white
the drying, cleansing, and healing quality strings, which stick deeply into the mud,
j

therein : a syrup made of the juice

And j
wherein it chiefly delights, yet it will well
and sugar, is very effectual to all the pur- ;
abide in the ir. ore upland and drier ground,
poses aforesaid, and so is the distilled water |
and tastes a little brackish and salt even
of the herb and flowers made in due season, j there, but not so much as where it hath the
especially to be used when the green herb 5 salt water to feed upon,
is not in force to be taken. The decoction Place.'] It grows all
along the Thames
j

of the herb and roots outwardly applied, :

sides, both on the Essex and Kentish
doth wonderfully help all sorts of hard or 1 shores, from Woolwich round about the
cold swellings in any part of the body, is! sea costs to Dover, Portsmouth, and even
effectual for shrunk sinews or veins, and { to Bristol, where it is had in plenty; the
heals green wounds, old sores, and ulcers,
j
other with round leaves grows in the marshes
The juice of Scabious, made up with the; in Holland, in Lincolnshire, and other
powder of Borax and Samphire, cleanses places of Lincolnshire by the sea side,
:

the skin of the face, or other parts of the} Descript.'] There is also another sort
body, not only from freckles and pimples, | called Dutch Scurvygrass, which is most
but also from morphew and leprosy ; the ! known, and frequent in gardens, which has
head washed with the decoction, cleanses it fresh, green, and almost round leaves rising
from dandriff, scurf, sores, itch, and the from the root, not so thick as the former,
like, used warm. The herb bruised and yet in some rich ground, very large, even
ipplied, doth in a short time loosen, and twice as big as in others, not dented about
Iraw forth any splinter, broken bone, { the hedges,or hollow in the middle, standing
irrow head, or other such like thing lying I on a long foot-stalk; from among these
in the flesh. rise long, slender stalks, higher than the for-

mer, with more white flowers at the tops of

SCURVVGRASS. them, which turn into small pods, and
| smaller brownish seed than the former.
THE ordinary English Scurvy- [The root is white, small and thready. The
170 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
taste is
nothing salt at allhath a hot, the ground, whereby it is made
; it
\ agieai
aromatical spicy taste.
j
in a short time.
It flowers in April and May, It is found in woods and fields
I
Time.'] Place.]
and gives seed ripe quickly after. [every where.
Government and virtues.] It is an herb of] Time.'] It flowers in May, and some-

Tupiter. The English Scurvy grass more times in April.

is >

used for the salt taste it bears, which doth I Government and virtues.^ Here is another
somewhat open and cleanse; but the Dutch herb of Venus, Self-heal, whereby when
!

Scurvygrass is of better effect, and chiefly j you are hurt you may heal yourself: It is
used (if it may be had) by those that have a special herb for inward and outward
\

the scurvy, and is of singular good effect to > wounds. Take it inwardly in syrups for
cleanse the blood, liver, and spleen, taking inward wounds outwardly in unguents, :

the juice in the Spring every morning fast- and plaisters for outward. As Self-heal is
ing in a cup of drink. The decoction is like Bugle in form, so also in the qualities
|

good for same purpose^ and opens*

the and
serving for all the purposes
virtues,
obstructions, evacuating cold, clammy and whereto Bugle is applied to with good success,
phlegmatic humours both from the liver either inwardly or outwardly, for inward
and the spleen, and bringing the body to a wounds or ulcers whatsoever within the
}

more lively colour. The juice also helps body, for bruises or falls, and such like
.

all foul ulcers and sores in the mouth, hurts. If it be accompanied with Bugle,
!

gargled therewith ; and used" outwardly, Sanicle, and other the like wound herbs,
s

from it will be more effectual to wash or

cleanses the skin spots, marks, or scars j inject
that happen therein. jinto
ulcers in the parts outwardly. Where
there is cause to repress the heat and sharp-
|
SELF-HEAL. j
ness of humours flowing to any sore, ulcers,
\ inflammations, swellings, or the like, or to
Descript.'] TH^E common Self-heal which stay the fluxes of
j
blood in any wound or
is called also Prunel, Carpenter's Herb, part, this is used with some good success ;
Hook-heal, and Sickle-wort, is a small, low, as also to cleanse the foulness of sores, and
creeping herb, having many small, roundish cause them more speedily to be healed. It

pointed leaves, like leaves of wild mints, of; is an especial remedy for all
green wounds,
a dark green colour, without dents on the to solder the lips of them, and to keep the
j

edges ; from among which rise square hairy j place from any further inconveniencies.
stalks, scarce a foot high, which spread The juice hereof used with oil of roses to
\

sometimes into branches with small leaves anoint the temples and forehead, is very ef-
j

set thereon, up to the top, where stand fectual to remove head ache, and the same
\

brown spiked heads of small brownish mixed with honey of roses, cleanses and
j

leaves like scales and flowers set together, j heals all ulcers, in the mouth, and throat,
almost like the heads of Cassidony, which j and those also in the secret parts. And the
flowers are gaping, and of a blueish purple, proverb of the Germans, French, and
j

or more pale blue, in some places sweet, others, is verified in this, That he needs
j

but not so in otheis. The root consists of \neither physician nor surgeon that hath Self-
many fibres downward, and spreading heal and Sanicle to help himself.
s

strings also whereby it increases. The *

small stalks, with the leaves creeping on the|

ground, shoot forth fibres taking hold on*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 171

being bound to the wrists of the hands, and

i

THE SERVICE-TREE. jlthe soles of the feet, it helps the yellow

u k~ jaundice.
i The herb being made into a
known the place where J
IT is so well in >

| , ti hel F inflammatio and St An- ^ .

,t
grows that
ItafcJ
May, and the
It
11t needs no description.
flowers
fruit 1S ripe
before
m
the end of
October.
,

^a
fire
^^ ^ T .

A good
/mutter
.

e
l
.

in % thereo f.
M may/ ^be
ointment
$

Gorcrnifieit* aid
<^e.]
be taken to stay j
are fit to
Services when ,

f
.

f ^ * ^
they are mellow,
.

^ head
fluxes, scouring, and casting, yet less than |

medlers. If they be dried before they be

SMALLAGE
mellow, and kept all the year, they may be j
used in decoctions for the said purpose,
either to drink, or to bathe the parts re-
quiring it ; and are profitably used
manner to stay the bleeding of wounds,:
-

that|
m
{

. .
a]so
^ knQw
fa reader
andthere _

* ' in dry and

naturally

^^
J
and of the mouth or nose, to be applied to;
.^
the forehead and nape of he neck ; and are 7
ye we] ,
under the dominion of Saturn.
Jt

SHEPHERD'S PURSE. land seeds in August.

Government and virtues.] It is an her bot
IT is called Whoreman's
Permacety, Mercury. Sniallage j
is hotter, drier, and
Shepherd's Scrip, Shepherd's Pounce, Toy- much more medicinal than parsley, for it
;

wort, Pickpurse, andCasewort. j

touch more opens obstructions of the liver
DescriptJ] The root is rarefies thick phlegm, and
small, white, and land spleen,
perishes every year. The |
cleanses it and
leaves are small the blood withal. It pro-
and long, of a pale green colour, and deeply ; vokes urine and women's courses, and is
cut in on both sides, among which spring j singularly good against the yellow jaundice,
up a stalk which is small and round, con- j tertian and quartan agues, if the juice
taining small leaves upon it even to the top. thereof be taken, but especially made up
|

The flowers are white and very small ; after j into a syrup. The juice also put to honey
which come the little cases which hold the of roses, and barley-water, is very good to
j

seed, which are flat, almost in the form of gargle the mouth and throat of those that
j
a heart. jhave sores and ulcers in them, and will
Place.'] They are frequent in this nation, quickly heal them.
\
The same lotion also
almost by every path-side. \
cleanses and heals all other foul ulcers and
Time.'] They flower all the Summer cankers elsewhere, if they be washed there-
!

long nay
; some of them are so fruitful, that \ with. The seed is especially used to break
they flower twice a year. and expel wind, to kill worms, and to help
|

Government and virtues.'] It is under the! a stinking breath. The root is effectual to
dominion of Saturn, and of a cold, dry, jail the purposes aforesaid, and is held to
and binding nature, like to him. It helps be stronger in operation than the herb, but
|

all fluxes of blood, either caused

by inward especially to open obstructions, and to rid
|

or outward wounds; as also flux of the

away any ague, if the juice thereof be taken
j

belly, and bloody flux, spitting blood, and in wine, or the decoction thereof in wine
;

bloody urine, stops the terms in women ; \ used.

172 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Government and virtues.'] It is under the
SOPEWORT, OK BRUISEWORT. dominion of Venus. Sorrel is prevalent in
j
all hot diseases, to cool
|
any inflammation
Descript.']
THE roots creep underhand heat of blood in agues pestilential or
ground far and near, with many joints choleric, or sickness and fainting, arising
|

theiein, of a brown colour on the outside from heat, and to refresh the overspent
'

and yellowish within, shooting forth in spirits with the violence of furious or fiery
divers places weak round stalks, full of fits of agues ; to quench thirst, and procure
joints, set with two leaves a-piece at every anappetitein fainting ordecaying stomachs:
one of them on a contrary side, which are For it resists the putrefaction of the blood,
\

ribbed somewhat like to plantain, and: kills worms, and is a cordial to the heart,
fashioned like the common field white cam- which the seed doth more effectually, being
5

pion leaves, seldom having any branches more drying and binding, and thereby stays
i

from the sides of the stalks, but set with the hot fluxes of women's courses, or of
5

flowers at the top, standing in long husks humours in the bloody flux, or flux of the
I

like the wild campions, made of five leaves stomach.

{
The root also in a decoction, or
a-piece, round at the ends, and dented in in powder, is effectual for all the said pur-
{

the middle, of a rose colour, almost white, poses.

5 Both roots and seeds, as well as the
sometimes deeper, sometimes paler of a herb, are held powerful to resist the poison
; :

reasonable scent. 5
of the scorpion. The decoction of the roots
PlaceJ] It grows wild in many low and is taken to help the jaundice, and to expel
wet grounds of this land, by brooks and the the gravel and the stone in the reins or kid-
j

sides of running waters.

|
neys. The decoction of the flowers made
TimeJ] It flowers usually in July, and: with wine and drank, helps the black jaun-
so continues all August, and part of Sep-jdice, as also the inward ulcers of the body
tember, before they be quite spent. ;and bowels. A
syrup made with the juice
Government and virtues.'] Venus owns it. of Sorrel and fumitory, is a sovereign help
|

The country people in divers places do use to kill those sharp humours that cause the
j

to bruise the leaves of Sopewort, and lay it itch.

5 The juice thereof, with a little vine-
to their fingers, hands or legs, when they gar, serves well to be used outwardly for
\

are cut, to heal them up again. Some the same cause, and is also profitable for
5

make great boast thereof, that it is diureti-* tetters, ringworms, &c. It helps also to
cal to provoke urine, aud thereby to expel discuss the kernels in the throat; and the
|

gravel and the stone in the reins or kidneys, juice gargled in the mouth, helps the sores
I

and do also account it singularly good to; therein. The leaves wrapt in a colewort
void hydropical waters and they no less leaf and roasted in the embers, and applied
:
|

extol it to perform an absolute cure in the to a hard imposthume, botch, boil, or plague
i

French pox, more than either sarsaparilla, sore, doth both ripen and break it. The
\

guiacum, or China can do ; which, how distilled water of the herb is of much good
|

true it is, I leave others to judge. i use for all the purposes aforesaid.
|
SORREL. i
WOOD SORREL.
\

O R ordinary Sorrel, which grows inj De&cript.'] THIS grows upon the ground,
IT

gardens, and also wild in the fields, is so having a number of leaves coming from
well known, that it needs no description, jthe root made of three leaves, like a trefoil.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 173

but broad at the ends, and cut in the mid- {

,. SOW THISTLE.
die, or a yellowish green colour, every one

standing on a long foot-stalk, which at Sow Thistles are generally so well known;,
their first coming up are close folded toge- that they need no description.
ther to the stalk, but opening themselves i
PlaceJ] They grow in gardens and
afterwards, and are of a fine sour relish, manured grounds, sometimes by old walls,
and yielding a juice which will turn red pathsides of fields, and high ways.
when it is clarified, and makes a most Government and virtues.'] This and the
dainty clear syrup. Among these leaves|
former are under the influence of Venus,
rise up divers slender, weak foot-stalks, Sow Thistles are cooling, and somewhat
\

with every one of them a flower at the top, j binding, and are very fit to cool a hot
consisting of five small pointed leaves, star- stomach, and ease the pains thereof.
i The
fashion, of a white colour, in most places, herb boiled in wine, is very helpful to stay
t

and in some dashed over with a small show! the dissolution of the stomach, and the milk
of blueish, on the back side only. After that is taken from the stalks when they are
;

the flowers are past, follow small round broken, given in drink, is beneficial to those
\

heads, with small yellowish seed in them. j that are short winded, and have a wheez-
The roots are nothing but small strings! ing. Pliny saith, That it hath caused the
fastened to the end of a small long piece ; gravel and stone to be voided by urine, and
|

all of them the eating thereof helps a stinking

being of a yellowish colour. |t.hat
Placed] It grows in many places of our breath. The decoction of the leaves and
|

land, in woods and wood-sides, where they stalks causes abundance of milk in nurses,
j

be moist and shadowed, and in other places and their children to be well coloured. The
j

not too much upon the Sun. |j

u ce or distilled water is good for all hot
'

Time.~] It flowers in April and May. j

inflammations, wheals, and erputions or
Government and virtues.^ Venus owns it. heat in the skin, itching of the haemorr-
;

Wood Sorrel serves to all the purposes thatjhoids. The juice boiled or thoroughly
the other Sorrels do, and is more effectual heated in a little oil of bitter almonds in the
|

in hindering putrefaction of blood, and peel of a pomegranate, and

j dropped into
ulcers in the mouth and body, and to the ears, is a sure remedy for deafness,
j sing-
quench thirst, to strengthen a weak stomach, ings, &c. Three spoonfuls of the juice
\

to procure an appetite, to stay vomiting, taken, warmed in white wine, and some
!

and very excellent in any contagious sick- wine put thereto, causes women in travail
}

ness or pestilential fevers. The syrup made; to have so easy and speedy a delivery, that
of the juice, is effectual in all the cases they may be able to walk presently after,
j

aforesaid, and so is the distilled water of' It is wonderful good for women to wash
the herb.
Sponges or linen cloths wet in their faces with, to clear the skin, and give
\

the juice and

applied outwardly to any hot jit a lustre,
swelling or inflammations, doth much cool !
,_J i
and help them. rri SOUTHERN WOOD
Ihe same juice taken and \

gargled in the mouth, and after it is spit j SOUTHERN Wood is so well known to be
Forth, taken afresh, doth wonderfully help a ! an ordinary inhabitant in our gardens,
foul It that I shall not need to
stinking canker or ulcer therein. j
trouble you with
is to heal or
singularly good wounds, to *
any description thereof.
stay the bleeding of thrusts or scabs in the 5 It flowers for the most part in
Time.~]
body. |
J u ly and August.
174 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Government and virtues. It is a gallant
mercurial plant, worthy of more esteem
SPIGNEL, OB SPIKENARD.
than it hath. Dioscorides saith, That the DescriptJ] THE roots of common Spig-
seed bruised, heated in warm water, and | nel do spread much and deep m the ground,
drank, helps those that are bursten, or many strings
\
or branches growing from one
troubled with cramps or convulsions of the: head, which is hairy at the top, of a black-
sinews, the sciatica, or difficulty in making! ish brown colour on the outside, and white
water, and bringing down women's courses.; within, from whence rise sundry long stalks
The same taken in wine an antidote, or taste, from whece rise sundry long stalks
is
*

counter-poison against all deadly poison, of most fine cut leaves like hair, smaller
j

and drives away serpents and other venom- than dill, set thick on both sides of the
!

ous creatures ; as also the smell of the herb, stalks, and of a good scent. Among these
j

being burnt, doth the same. The oil thereof' leaves rise up round stiff stalks, with a few
anointed on the back-bone before the fits of joints and leaves on them, and at the tops
\

agues come, takes them away It takes an umbel of pure white flowers ; at the
:
j

away inflammations in the eyes, if it be put edges whereof sometimes will be seen a
|

with some part of a roasted quince, and shew of the reddish blueish colour, especi-
I

boiled with a few crumbs of bread, and ap- ally before they be full blown, and are
j

plied. Boiled with barley-meal it takes succeeded by small, somewhat round seeds,
away pimpels, pushes or wheals that arise: bigger than the ordinary fennel, and of a
in the face, or other parts of the body.! brown colour, divided into two parts, and
The seed as well as the dried herb, is often crusted on the back, as most of the umbel-
!

given to kill the worms in children: The Uiferous seeds are.

herb bruised and laid to, helps to draw forth
Place.']\
grows wild in Lancashire,
It

splinters and thorns out of the flesh. The Yorkshire,! and other northern counties, and
ashes thereof dries up and heals old ulcers, is also planted in gardens,
j

that are without inflammation, although by Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of

|

the sharpness thereof it bites sore, and puts Venus. iGalen saith, The roots of Spignel
them to sore pains as also the sores in the are available to provoke urine, and women's
; 1

privy parts of man or woman. The ashes courses but if too much thereof
\ ;
be taken,
mingled with old salladoil, helps those that it causes head-ache. The roots boiled in
|

have hair fallen, and are bald, causing the wine or water, and drank, helps the stran-
i

hair to grow again either on the head or iguary and stoppings of the urine, the wind,
j

beard. Daranters saith, That the oil made* swellings and pains in the stomach, pains
of Southern- wood, and put among theoint- the mother, and all joint-aches. If the
jof
ments that are used against the French dis- j powder of the root be mixed with honey,
ease, is very effectual, and likewise kills and the same taken as a licking medicine,
*

lice in the head. The distilled water of the it breaks tough phlegm, and dries up the
j

herb is said to help them much that are * rheum that falls on the lungs. The roots are
troubled with the stone, as also for the dis- j accounted very effectual against the sting-
eases of the spleen and mother. The Ger- j ing or biting of any T enomous creature
nians commend it for singular wound 8PLEBNW
a
jCETKHACH, OR HEAET'S
herb, and therefore call it Stabwort. Itisj TONGUE
held by all writers, ancient and modern, \

DescriptJ] THE smooth Spleen

to be more offensive to the stomach than! wort, from
worm-wood. a black, thready and bushy root, sends forth
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 175

many long single leaves, cut in on both down to the ground, that it seems a pretty
sides into round dents almost to the middle, { bush, set with divers the like divided leaves
which is not so hard as that of polypody, up to the tops, where severally do stand
each division being not always set opposite small whitish green heads, set with sharp
|

nnto the other, cut between each, smooth, white pricks (no part of the plant else being
j

and of a light green on the upper side, and prickly) which are somewhat yellowish ;
'

a dark yellowish roughness on the back, out of the middle whereof rises the flowers,
|

folding or rolling itself inward at the first! com posed of many small redaish purple,
springing up. threads and in the heads, after the flowers
\ ;

Place.'] It grows as well upon stone are

past, come small
whitish round seed,
j

walls, as moist and shadowy places, about | lying down as others do. The root is small,
Bristol, and other the west parts plentifully long ;and woody, perishing every year, and
j

as also on Castle, on Bea-

Framlingham } rising again of its own
sowing,
consfield church in Berkshire, at Stroud in i It grows wild in the fields about
Place.']
Kent, and elsewhere, and abides green all London in many places, as at Mile- End
{

the Winter. green, and many other places.

!

Government and virtues.'] Saturn owns it. Time.~\ It flowers early, and seeds in
;

It is generally used against infirmities ofjjulv, and sometimes in August.

the Spleen It helps the stranguary, and
: Government and virtues^] This, as almost
5

wasteth the stone in the bladder, and is all Thistles are, is under Mars. The seed
!

good against the yellow jaundice and the | of this Star Thistle made into powder, and
hiccough but the juice of it in women drank in wine, provokes urine, and helps
;
j
hinders conception. Matthiolus saith, That to break the stone, and drives it forth. The
j
if a dram of the dust that is on the back- root in
powder, and given in wine and
1

side of the leaves be mixed with half a dram drank, is

good against the plague and pes-
j
of amber in powder, and taken with the tilence and drank in the morning fasting
;
|

juice of purslain or plantain, it helps the for some time together, it is very profitable
\

gonorrhea speedily, and that the herb and for fistulas in any part of the body,
|

Baptista Sardas doth much commend the

root being boiled and taken, helps all {

melancholy diseases, and those especially distilled water thereof, being drank, to help
\

that arise from the French diseases, the French disease, to open the obstructions
j

Camerarius saith, That the distilled water of the liver, and cleanse the blood from
j

corrupted humours, and is profitable against

thereof being drank, is very effectual against |
the stone in the reins and bladder ; and \ the
quotidian or tertian ague,
that the lye that is made of the ashes there- \
of being drank for some time together,* STRAWBERRIES.
helps splenetic persons. It is used in out-*
ward remedies for the same purpose. THESE are so well known through this

STAR THISTLE. land, that they need no description.

Time.'] They flower in May ordinarily,
Descript.~] A
COMMON Star Thistle has
j
and the fruit is ripe shortly after,
divers narrow leaves lying next the ground, Government and virtues.'] Venus owns the
j
cut on the edges somewhat deeply into herb. Strawberries, when they are green,
j

many parts, soft or a little woo'ly, all over? are cool and
dry; but when they are ripe,
green, among which rise up divers weak they are cool and moist The berries are
J
:

stalks, parted into many branches, ali lying (excellently good to cool the liver, the blood.
z z
176 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and the spleen, or an hot choleric stomach ; a and for such other defects in them as mav
to refresh and comfort the fainting spirits, ! be helped by any outward medicine,
and quench
n n thirst: They
J are good also fori
.1 - . . .
t
5
SUCCORY, OR CHICORY.
other inflammations ;yet it is not amiss to
refrain from them in a fever, lest by their Descript.~] THE garden Succory hath
putrifying in the stomach they increase long and narrower leaves than the Endive,
the fits. The leaves and roots boiled and more cut in or torn on the edges, and
!

in wine and water, and drank, do like- the root abides many years.
1
It bears also
wise cool the liver and blood, and assuage! blue flowers like Endive, and the seed is
all inflammations in the reins and bladder,
hardly distinguished from the seed of the
j

provoke urine, and allay the heat and smooth or ordinary Endive,
5

sharpness thereof. The same also being! The wild Succory hath divers long leaves
drank stays the bloody flux and women's lying on the ground, very much cut in or
*

courses, and helps the swelling of the torn on the edges, on both sides, even to the
;

spleen. The water of the Berries carefully middle rib, ending in a point sometimes
$
;

distilled, is a sovereign remedy and cordial lit hath a rib down to the middle of the
in the panting and beating of the heart, leaves, from among which rises up a hard,
j
and is good for the yellow jaundice. The j rbun'd, woody stalk, spreading into many
juice dropped into foul ulcers, or they branches, set with smaller and less divided
j

washed therewith, or the decoction of the leaves on them up to the tops, where stand
j

herb and root, doth wonderfully cleanse j the flowers, which are like the garden kind,
and help to cure them. Lotions and gar- and the seed is also (only take notice that
\

gles for sore mouths, or ulcers therein, or in the flowers of the garden kind are gone in
;

the privy parts or elsewhere, are made with on a sunny day, they being so cold, that
;

the leaves and roots thereof; which is also they are not able to endure the beams of the
|

good to fasten loose teeth, and to heal J sun, and therefore more delight in the shade)
spungy foul gums. It helps also to stay the root is white, but more hard and woody
I

catarrhs, or defluctions of rheum in the than the garden kind.

j
The whole plant is
mouth, throat, teeth, or eyes. The juice or exceedingly
; bitter.
water is singularly good for hot and red Place.]
; This grows in many places of
inflamed eyes, if dropped into them, or they our land in waste untilled and barren fields,
;

bathed therewith. It is also of excellent j

The other only in gardens,
property for all pushes, wheals and other Government and virtues.] It is an herb of
breakings forth of hot and sharp humours Jupiter. j
Garden Succory, as it is more
in the face and hands, and other of dry and
S less cold than Endive, so it opens
parts
the body, to bathe them therewith, and to more. i An handful of the leaves, or roots
take away. any redness in the face, or spots, boiled in wine or water, and a draught
i

or other deformities in the skin, and to make thereof drank fasting, drives forth choleric
\

it clear and smooth. Some use this rnedi- and phlegmatic humours, opens obstruc-
i

cine , Take so many Strawberries as you tions of the liver, gall and spleen helps the
; ;

shall think fitting, and put them into a dis- yellow jaundice, the heat of the reins, and
;

tillatory, or body of glass fit for them, which of the urine; the dropsy also
5 and those ;

being well closed, set it in a bed of horse'- that have an evil disposition in their bodies,
dung for your use. It is an excellent water ;by reason of long sickness, evil diet, &c.
for hot inflamed eyes, and to take away aj which the Greeks call Cachexia. Aclecoc-
film or skin lhat begins to grow over them, J tion thereof made with wine, and drank, is

*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
very effectual against long lingering agues ; of choler, thereby preventing diseases
and a dram of the seed in powder, drank in arising from choleric humours. It expels
wine, before the fit of the ague, helps to poison much, resists pestilential fevers, being
drive it away. The distilled water of the exceeding good also for tertian agues : You
herb and flowers (if you can take them in may drink the decoction of it, if you please,
time) hath the like properties, and is es- for all the foregoing infirmities. It is so
pecially good for hot stomachs, and
in harmless an herb, you can scarce use it
agues, either pestilential or of long con- amiss Being bruised and applied to the
:

tinuance for swoonings and passions of

; place, it helps the king's evil, and any other
the heart, for the heat and head-ache in knots or kernels in the flesh as also the
;

children, and for the blood and liver. The piles.

said water, or the juice, or the bruised
ENGLISH TOBACCO.
leaves applied outwardly, allay swellings,
inflammations, St. Anthony's fire, pushes, Descript] THIS rises up with a round
wheals, and pimples, especially used with thick stalk, about two feet high, whereon
a little vinegar ; as also to wash pestiferous do grow thick, flat green leaves, nothing so
sores. The said water is very effectual for large as the other Indian kind, somewhat
sore eyes that are inflamed with redness, round pointed also, and nothing dented
for nurses' breasts that are pained by the about the edges. The stalk branches forth,
abundance of milk. and bears at the tops divers flowers set on
The wild Succory, as it is more bitter, great husks like the other, but nothing so
so it is more strengthening to the stomach large scarce standing above the brims of
:

and liver. the husks, round pointed also, and of a

yellow colour. The seed that
STONE-CROP, PRICK-MADAM, OR SMALL- greenish
'

follows is not so bright, but larger, con-

HOUSELEEK.
tained in the like great heads. The roots
Rescript."] IT grows with divers trailing are neither so great nor woody ; it
perishes
branches upon the ground, set with many every year with the hard frosts in Winter,
thick, flat, roundish, whitish green leaves, but rises generally from its own sowing.
pointed at the ends. The flowers stand j Place.] This came from some parts of
many of them together, somewhat loosely.
*
Brazil, as it is
thought, and is more familiar
The roots are small, and run creeping under j in our country than any of the other sorts ;
ground. early giving ripe seed, which the others sel-
Placed] It grows upon the stone walls dom do.
and mud walls, upon the tiles of houses and Time] It flowers from June, sometimes
pent-houses, and amongst rubbish, and in to the end of August, or later, and the seed
other gravelly places. ripens in the mean lime.
Time] It flowers in June and July, and Government and virtues.] It is a martial
the leaves are green all the Winter. plant. It is found by good experience to
Government and virtues.] It is under the be available to expectorate tough phlegm
dominion of the Moon, cold in quality, from the stomach, chest, and lungs. The
and something binding, and therefore very \ juice thereof made into a syrup, or the dis-
good to stay defluctions, especially such as tilled water of the herb drank with some
fall
upon the eyes. It stops bleeding, both sugar, or without, if you will, or the smcak
inward and outward, helps cankers, and all taken by a pipe, as is usual, but fainting;,
fretting sores and ulcers ; it abates the heat helps to expel worms in the stomach and
ITS THE COMPLETE HERBAL
belly,and to ease the pains in the head, or? or June, and the seed is ripe and blown
megrim, and the griping pains in the bowels. away in the beginning of September.
Jt is profitable for those that are troubled; Government and virtues.'] A
gallant Sa-
with the stone in the kidneys, both to ease- turnine herb it is. The root, leaves,
young
the pains by provoking urine, and also to branches,or bark boiled in wine, and drank,
expel gravel and the stone engendered \ stays the bleeding of the heemorrhodical
therein, and hath been found very effectual veins, the spitting of blood, the too abound-
|

to expel windiness, and other humours, ing of women's courses, the

\
jaundice, the
which cause the strangling of the mother. |cholic, and the biting of all venomous ser-
The seed hereof is very effectual to expel pents, except the asp and outwardly ap-
j ;

the tooth ache, and the ashes of the burnt plied, is very powerful against the hardness
\

herb to cleanse the gums, and make the j of the spleen, and the tooth-ache, pains in
teeth white. The herb bruised and ap- the ears, red and watering eyes. The de-
!

plied to the place grieved with the king's coction, with some honey put thereto, is
\

evil, helps it in nine or ten days effectually, good to stay gangrenes and fretting ulcers,
j

Monardus saith, it is a counter poison; and to wash those that are subject to nits
against the biting of any venomous crea-land lice. Alpinus and Veslingius affirm,
ture, the herb also being outwardly applied* That the Egyptians do with good success
lo the hurt place. The distilled water is j use the wood of it to cure the French dis-
often given with some sugar before the fit; ease, as others do with lignum vitse or
of an ague, to lessen it, and take it away in jguiacum ; and give it also to those who
three or four times using. If the distilled have the leprosy, scabs, ulcers, or the like,
j

faeces of the herb, having been bruised be- Its ashes doth quickly heal blisters raised
fore the distillation, and not distilled dry, by burnings or scaldings.
j
It helps the
be set in warm dung for fourteen days, and dropsy, arising from the hardness of the
\

afterwards be hung in a bag in a wine! spleen, and therefore to drink out of cups
cellar, the liquor that distills therefrom is made of the Avood is good for splenetic
I

singularly good to use in cramps, aches, j persons. It is also helpful for melancholy,
the gout and sciatica, and to heal itches, |
and the black jaundice that arise thereof,
scabs, and running ulcers, cankers, and all |

foul sores whatsoever. The juice is also! GARDEN TANSY.

good for all the said griefs, and likewise to j
kill lice in children's heads. The green GARDEN Tansy is so well known, that
|

herb bruised and applied to any green it needs no description,

!

wounds, cures any fresh wound or cut Time.']

5 It flowers in June and July,
whatsoever: and the juice put into old Government and virtues."] Dame Venus was
|

sores, both cleanses and heals them. There minded to pleasure women with child by this
j

is also made hereof a

singularly good salve |herb,for there grows not an herb, fitter for their
to help imposthumes, hard tumours, and use than this is
i it is
;
just as though it were
other swellings by blows and falls. cut out for the purpose.
i This herb bruised
and applied to the naval, stays miscarriages;
THE TAMARISK TREE. j
I know no herb like it for that use Boiled
:

in ordinary beer, and the decoction drank,

|

It is so well known in the place where it j doth the like ; and if her womb be not as

grows, that it needs no description. she would have it, this decoction will make
?

Time'.] It flowers about the end of May, i it so. Let those women that desire chil-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 179

dren love this herb, it is their best com- and

j
it is true enough, that it will stop the

panion, their husbands excepted.

Also it: terms, if worn so, and the whites too, for
consumes the phlegmatic humours, the cold \ ought I know. It stays also spitting or
and moist constitution of Winter most :
vomiting of blood. The powder of the
usually affects the body of man with, and he r b taken in some of the distilled water,
that was the first reason of eating tansies in ;
helps the whites in women, but more es-
the Spring. The decoction of the common i
pecially if a little coral and ivory in pow-
or the juice drank in wine, is a sin- der be put to it. It is also recommended
Tansy, j

that come: to help children that are bursten, and have

gular remedy for all the griefs
by slopping of the urine, helps the stran- ; a rupture, being boiled in water and salt,
guary and those that have weak reins and !
Being boiled in water and drank, it eases
kidneys. very profitable to dis-
It is also ! the griping pains of the bowels, and is good
solve and expel wind in the stomach, belly, : and joint-aches. The same
for the sciatica
or bowels, to procure women's courses, and boiled in vinegar, with honey and allum,
;

expel windiness in the matrix, if itbe bruis- and gargled in the mouth, eases the pains
\

ed and often smelled unto, as also applied iof the tooth-ache, fastens loose teeth, helps
to the lower part of the belly. It is also the gums that are sore, and settles the
j

very profitable for such women as are given palate of the mouth in its place, when it is
j

to miscarry. It is used also against the fallen down. It cleanses and heals ulcers
j

stone in the reins, especially to men. The Jin

the mouth, or secret parts, and is very
herb fried with eggs (as it is the custom in good for inward wounds, and to close the
;

the Spring-time) which is called a Tansy, lips of green wounds, and to heal old, moist,
|

helps to digest and carry downward those and corrupt running sores in the legs or
|

bad humours that trouble the stomach. elsewhere. Being bruised and applied to
|

The seed is very profitably given to chil- the soles of the feet and hand wrists, it
dren for the worms, and the juice in drink wonderfully cools the hot fits of agues, be
i

is as effectual. Being boiled in oil, it is they never so violent. The distilled water
i

good for the sinews shrunk by cramps, or cleanses the skin of all discolourings there-
;

pained with colds, if thereto applied. :in, as morphew, sun-burnings, &c. as also
pimples, freckles, and the like and
WILD TANSY, OR SILVER WEED. 1
' ,
.
,
.,
,
;

dropped into the eyes, or cloths wet therein

THIS is also so well known, that it needs? and applied, takes away the heat and in-
no description. flammations in them.
Placed] It grows in every place.
THISTLES.
Time.'] It flowers in June and July
Government and virtues.'] Now Dame OF these are many kinds growing here in
Venus hath fitted women with two herbs of \
England which are so well known, that
one name, the one to help conception, and | they need no description Their difference
:

the other to maintain beauty, and what j

is easily known on the places where they
more can be expected of her? What now grow, viz.
i

remains for you, but to love your husbands, 5

Place.'] Some grow in fields, some in
and not to be wanting to your poor
neigh- meadows, and some among the corn ;
i others
boars? Wild Tansy stays the lask, and all Ion heaths,
greens, and
waste grounds in
the fluxes of blood in men and women,
many places.
;

which some say it will do, if the green herb J flower in June and August,
Time.'] They
be worn in the shoes, so it be next the skin ; and their seed is ripe quickly after.
*

3 A
180 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Government and virtues.'] Surely Mars being drank, expels superfluous melancholy
i

rules it, it is such a prickly business. All \ out of the body, and makes a man as merry
these thistles are good to provoke urine, as a cricket ; superfluous melancholy causes
j

and to mend
the stinking smell thereof; as 5
care, fear, sadness, despair, envy, and many
also the rank smell of the arm-pits, or the evils more besides
but religion teaches to
;

wait upon God's providence, and cast our

*
whole body being boiled in wine and
;

drank, and are said to help a stinking care upon him who cares for us.
\
What a
breath, and to strengthen the stomach. fine thing were it if men and women could
Pliny saith, That the juice bathed on the live so ? And yet seven years' care and fear
j

place that wants hair, it being fallen off, makes a man never the wiser, nor a farthing
;

will cause it to grow

speedily. richer.
5 Dioscorides saith, the root borne
about one doth the like, and removes all
'

THE MELANCHOLY THISTLE. A/r

Modern writers
,
i

diseases of melancholy.
s

Descript.~\ IT rises up with tender single laugh at him ;

; Let them laugh that win : my
hoary green stalks, bearing thereon four or j opinion is, that it is the best remedy against
five green leaves, dented about the edges;; all melancholy diseases that grows; they
the points thereof are little or nothing that
j please may use it.
prickly, and at the top usually but one head \ , ,

yet sometimes from the bosom of the upper- j

most leaves there shoots forth another small Descript.~]

j
OUR Lady's Thistle hath
head, scaly and prickly, with many reddish divers very large and broad leaves lying on
j

thrumbs or threads in the middle, which the ground cut in, and as it were crumpled,
j

being gathered fresh, will keep the colour; but somewhat hairy on the edges, of a white
a long time, and fades not from the stalk a green shining colour, wherein are many
|

long time, while it perfects the seed, which lines and streaks of a milk white colour,
!

is of a mean
bigness, lying in the down, running all over, and set with many sharp
i

The root hath many strings fastened to the and stiff prickles all about, among which
j

head, or upper part, which is blackish, and irises up one or more strong, round, and
prickly stalks, set full of the
like leaves up
perishes not. j

There another sort little differing from

is \
to the top, where at the end of every branch,
the former, but that the leaves are more comes forth a great prickly Thistle-like
|

green above, and more hoary underneath, \ head, strongly armed with prickles, and
and the stalk being about two feet high, j with bright purple thumbs rising out of the
bears but one scaly head, with threads and middle after they are past, the seed grows
;
j

seeds as the former. \ in the said heads, lying in soft white down,

Placed] They grow in many moist mea- which is somewhat flattish in the ground,
dows of this land, as well in the southern, as and many strings and fibres fastened there-
j

in the northern parts. \

unto. All the whole plant is bitter in taste.
Time.~\ They flower about July or It is frequent on the banks of
j Place.~\
August, and their seed ripens quickly after. j almost every ditch.
Government and virtues^] It is under Time.']
It flowers and seeds in June,
:

Capricorn, and therefore under both Saturn July, and August.

5

and Mars, one rids melancholy by sym pa-; Government and virtues.'] Our Lady's
thy, the other by antipathy. Their virtues Thistle is under Jupiter, and thought to be
j

are but few, but those not to be despised as effectual as Carduus Benedictus for
;
j

for the decoction of the thistle in wine

agues, and to prevent
j
and cure the infection
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 181

of the plague : as also toopen the obstruc- persons that have their bodies drawn toge-
:

tions of the liver and spleen, and thereby is ther by some spasm or convulsion, or other
j

as the rickets (or as the college

good against the jaundice. It provokes infirmities
j
;

urine, breaks and expels the stone, and is of physicians would have it, Rachites, about
j

e;ood for the dropsy. It is effectual also for which name they have quarrelled sufficiently)
\

the pains in the sides, and many other in- in children, being a disease that hinders
|

ward pains and gripings^ The seed and their growth, by binding their nerves,
;

distilled water is held powerful to all the ligaments, and whole structure of their
s

purposes aforesaid, and besides, it is often body. j

both with cloths or;

outwardly
applied TRE FULLR , S THI8T OR TEASLE>
spunges to the region of the liver, to cool;
the distemper thereof, and to the region of IT is so well known, that it needs no
}

the heart, against swoonings and the pas- description, being used with the cloth-
\

sions of it. It cleanses the blood exceed- workers. j

ingly :and in Spring, if you please to boil The wild Teasle is in all things like the
j

the 'tender plant (but cut off the prickles, {former, but that the prickles are small, soft,
unless you have a mind to choak yourself) and upright, not hooked or stiff, and the
f

it will
change your blood as the season flowers of this are of a fine blueish, or pale
:

changes, and that is the way to be safe. carnation colour, but of the manured kind,
I

whitish.
THE WOOLLEN, OR, COTTON THISTLE. 5

Ihe c grows, being sown m

!
T,, rpi -,
first
Place.]
DescriptJ\ THIS has many large leaves gardens or fields
1 for the use of clothworkers :

lying upon the ground, somewhat cut in, (The other near ditches and rills of water in
and as it were crumpled on the edges, of a; many places of this land,
green < olour on the upper side, but covered TirneJ] They ;flower in July, and are ripe
over with a long hairy wool or cotton down, in the end of August.
;

set with most sharp and cruel pricks from Government and virtues.~] It is an herb of
;
:

the middle of whose heads of flowers come Venus. Dioscorides saith, That the root
:

forth many purplish crimson threads, and bruised and boiled in wine, till it be thick,
;

sometimes white, although but seldom, j and kept in a brazen vessel, and after spread
The seed that follow in those white downy as a salve, and applied to the fundament,
:

heads, somewhat large and round, re- 'doth heal the cleft thereof, cankers and
is

sembling the seed of Lady's Thistle, but; fistulas therein, also takes away warts and
paler. The root is great and thick, spread- wens. The juice of the leaves dropped into
!

irig much, yet usually dies after seed time. the ears, kills worms in them.
|
The dis-
Place.~] It grows on divers ditch-banks, j tilled water of the leaves dropped into the
and ana highways, gene- eyes, takes away redness and mists in them
in the corn-fields, 5

rally throughout the land, and is often that hinder the sight, and is often used by
j

growing in gardens. women to preserve their beauty, and to take

;

Government and virtues."] It is a plant of; away redness and inflammations, and all
Mars. Dioscorides and Pliny write, That other heat or discolourings.
J

the leaves and roots hereof taken in drink, >

.
,
. TREACLE MUSTARD.
help those that have a crick in their neck, >

that they cannot turn it, unless they turn Descript.~]

|
IT rises up with a hard round
their whole body. Galen saith, That the stalk, about a foot high, parted into some
j

roots and leaves hereof are

good for such branches, having divers soft green leaves.
>
182 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
long and narrow, set thereon, waved, but resisting poison, venom and putrefaction,
I

not cut into the edges, broadest towards the! It is also available in many cases for which
ends, somewhat round pointed ; the flowers the common Mustard is used, but somewhat
\

are white that grow the tops of the

at \
weaker,
branches, spike-fashion, one above another: i

P.
TIIE BLACK THORN, OR SLOE-BUSH.
after which come round pouches, partedj' in j

the middle with a furrow, having one black- 1

IT is so well known, that it needs no
ish brown seed on either side, somewhat description.
j

sharp in taste, and smelling of garlick, j

Place] It grows in every county in the
especially in the fields where it is natural, | hedges and borders of fields,
but not so much in gardens: The roots j Time] It flowers in April, and some-
are small and thready, perishing every year. : times in March, but the fruit ripens after all
Give me leave hereto add Mithridate j
other plums whatsoever, and is not fit to
Mustard, although it may seem more pro- ;
be eaten until the Autumn frost mellow
perly by the name to belong to M, them.
in the
j

alphabet. Government and virtues] All the parts of

the Sloe-Bush are binding, cooling, and
MITHRIDATE MUSTARD. |

dry , and aU effectual to stay bleeding at the

|

Descript] THIS grows higher than the nose and mouth, or any other place; the
j

former, spreading moreand higher branches, lask of the belly or stomach, or the bloody
j

whose leaves are smaller and narrower, flux, the too much abounding of women's
j

sometimes unevenly dented about the edges. courses, and helps to ease the pains of the
|

The flowers are small and white, growing sides, and bowels, that come by overmuch
i

on long branches, with much smaller and scouring, to drink the decoction of the bark
i

rounder vessels after them, and parted in of the roots, or more usually the decoction
;

the same manner, having smaller brown of the berries, either fresh or dried. The
5

seeds than the former, and much sharper in conserve also is of very much use, and more
j

taste. The root perishes after seed time, j familiarly taken for the purposes aforesaid,
but abides the first Winter after springing, But the distilled water of the flower first
j

Place.] They grow in sundry places in steeped in sack for a night, and drawn
j

this land, as half a mile from Hatfield, by | therefrom by the heat of Balneum and
the river side, under a hedge as you go to Anglico, a bath, is a most certain remedy,
j

Hatfield, and in the street of Peckham on tried and approved, to ease all manner of
j

Surrey side. jgnawrogs in the stomach, the sides and

Time] They flower and seed from May bowels, or any griping pains in any of them,
i

to August. to drink a small quantity when the extre-

?

Government and virtues] Both of them mity of pain is upon them. The leaves
\

are herbs of Mars. The Mustards are said also are good to make lotions to gargle and
j

to purge the body both upwards and down- wash the mouth and throat, wherein are
j

wards, and procure women's courses so swellings, sores, or kernels ; and to stay the
abundantly, that it suffocates the birth. | defluctions of rheum to the eyes, or other
It breaks inward imposthumes, being taken parts as also to cool the heat and inflam-
\ ;

inwardly and
; used in clysters, helps the mations iof them, and ease hot pains of the
sciatica. The seed applied, doth the same. head, to bathe the forehead and temples
\

It is an
especial ingredient in mithridatej there with. The simple distilled water of
and treacle, being of itself an antidote [the flowers is very effectual for the said
 Pi. ATI-: L9

Tr e a c le MILS t a-r T n_s t i\ 11 Tho i- o 1 1

-^ li \V : i

Too t!li-\vor t

La >!V'K Tin atle \ iUl Te a (

'

< 1 1 1 o 1 1 r 1 1 1 s t i c-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 103

purposes, and the condensate juice of the [applied with a little flour and wax to chil-
Sloes. The distilled water of the green dren's navels that stick forth, it helps them,
\

berries is used also for the said effects.

THYME.
THOROUGH WAX, OR THOROUGH LEAF. j
It is in vain to describe an herb so com-
tmonly known.
Descript.~\ Thorough- Wax |
COMMON Government and virtues."] It is a noble
sends forth a round stalk, two feet strengthener of the lungs, as notable a one
strait

high, or better, whose lower leaves being as grows neither is there scarce a better
;

of a bluish colour, are smaller and narrower remedy growing for that disease in children
than those up higher, and stand close there- which they commonly call the Chin-cough,
to, not compassing it; but as they grow than it is. It purges the body of phlegm,

higher, they do not encompass the stalks, and is an excellent remedy for shortness of
until it wholly pass through them, branch- breath. It kills worms in the belly, and
1

ing toward the top into many parts, where: being a notable herb of Venus, provokes
the leaves grow smaller again, every one {the terms, gives safe and speedy delivery
standing singly, and never two at a joint. to women in travail, and brings away the
\

The flowers are small and yellow, standing after birth. It is so harmless you need not
I

in tufts at the heads of the branches, where fear the use of it.
5 An ointment made of it
afterwards grow the seed, being blackish, takes away hot swellings and warts, helps
;

many thick thrust together. The root is the sciatica and dullness of sight, and takes
\

small, long and woody, perishing every away pains and hardness of the spleen,
I

year, after seed-time, and rising again plen- Tis excellent for those that are troubled
|

tifully of its own sowing. | with the gout. It eases pains in the loins
Place.'] It is found growing in many {and hips. The herb taken any way in-
corn-fields and pasture grounds in thisjwardly, comforts the stomach much, and
land. expels wind.
It flowers in July, and the seed
Time.'] WILD THYME, OR MOTHER OF THYME.
is ripe in
August.
Government and virtues.'] Both this and WILD Thyme also is so well known, that
the former are under the influence of needs no description.
5 it

Saturn. Thorough- Wax is of singular good Place.]* It may be found commonly in

use for all sorts of bruises and wounds either commons, and other barren places through-
I

inward or outward ; and old ulcers and j out the nation.

sores likewise, if the decoction of the herb \ Government and virtues.'] It is under the
with water and wine be drank, and the dominion of Venus, and under the sign
j

place washed therewith, or the juice of the Aries, and therefore chiefly appropriated
J

green herb bruised, or boiled, either by to the head. i It provokes urine and the
itself, or with other herbs, in oil or hog's ! terms, and eases the griping pain of the
grease, to be made into an ointment to servej belly, cramps, ruptures, and inflamation
all the year. The decoction of the herb, j
of the liver. If you make a vinegar of the
herb, as vinegar of roses is made (you may
or powder of the dried herb, taken inwardly, \
and the same, or the leaves bruised, and! find out the way in my translation of the
applied outwardly, is singularly good for London Dispensatory) and anoint the head
\

all ruptures and the pains thereof,

burstings, especially in with it, it presently stops
children before they be too old. Being lit is excellently good to be given either in
1
3 B
184 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
phrenzy or lethargy, although they are two is an ingredient in all antidotes or counter
j

contrary diseases It helps spitting and poisons.

: Andreas Urlesius is of opinion
j

voiding of blood, coughing, and vomiting ;: that the decoction of this root is no less
it comforts and strengthens the head, effectual to cure the French pox than Gui-
1

stomach, reins, and womb, expels wind, acurn or China and it is not unlikely,
I ;

and breaks the stone. because it so mightily resists putrefaction.

\

jThe root taken inwardly is most effectual

TORMENTIL, OR SEPTFOIL. to help any flux of the belly, stomach,
Descripi.~] THIS hath reddish, slender,: spleen, or blood and the juice wonder-
;

weak branches rising from the root, lying fully opens obstructions of the liver and
j
on the ground, rather leaning than standing Hungs, and thereby helps the yellow jaun-
upright, with many short leaves that stand! dice. The powder or decoction drank, or
closer to the stalk than cinquefoil (to which to sit thereon as a bath, is an assured
;
remedy
this isvery like) with the root-stalk com- 1 against abortion, if it proceed from the
passing the branches in several places ; but { over flexibility or weakness of the inward
those that grow to the ground are set upon retentive faculty ; as also a plaster made
i

long foot stalks, each whereof are like the I

therewith, and vinegar applied to the reins
leaves of cinquefoil, but somewhat long and j of the back, doth much help not only this,
lesser dented about the edges, many of but also those that cannot hold their water,
j

them divided into five leaves, but most: the powder being taken in the juice of
of them into seven, whence it is also called 1
plaintain, and is also commended against
Septfoil ; yet some may have six, and some j
the worms in children. It is very powerful

eight, according to the fertility of the soil.

|in ruptures
and burstings, as also for bruises
At the tops of the branches stand divers | and falls, to be used as well outwardly as
small yellow flowers, consisting of five inwardly. The root hereof made up with
j

leaves, like those of cinquefoil, but smaller.} pellitory of Spain and allum, and put into
The root is smaller than bistort, somewhat la hollow tooth, not only assuages tne pain,
thick, but blacker without, and not so red j but stays the flux of humours which causes
within, yet sometimes a little crooked, \ it. Tormentil is no less effectual and
having blackish fibres thereat. j powerful a remedy against
outward wounds,
Placed] grows as well in woods and sores and hurts, than for inward, and is
It
j

shadowy places, as in the open champain therefore a special ingredient to be used in

j

country, about the borders of fields in many wound drinks, lotions and injections, for
|

places of this land, and almost in every foul corrupt rotten sores and ulcers of the
j
broom field in Essex. i mouth, secrets, or other parts of the body.
Time.'] It flowers all the Summer
long. iThe juice or powder of the root put in
Government and virtues.] This is a gallant! ointments, plaisters, and such things that
herb of the Sun. Tormentil is most ex- \ are to be applied to wounds or sores, is very
cellent to stay all kind of fluxes of blood or effectual, as the juice of the leaves and the
{

humours in man or woman, whether at I root bruised and applied to the throat or
nose, mouth, or belly. The juice of the jaws, heals the king's evil, and eases the
herb of the root, or the decoction thereof, pain of the sciatica; the same used with a
taken with some Venice treacle, and the little vinegar, is a special remedy against
person laid to sweat, expels any venom or Uhe running sores of the head or other
poison, or the plague, fever, or other con- j parts scabs also, and the itch or any such
;

tagious diseases, as pox, measles, &c. for it

{eruptions in the skin, proceeding of salt and
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 185

sharp humours. The same is also effectual of joint and newly set, and full of pain, do
for the- piles or haemorrhoids, if they be give much ease ; the seed and juice of the
washed or bathed therewith, or with the leaves also being rubbed with a little salt
distilled water of the herb and roots. It is , upon warts and wens, and other kernels in
found also helpful to dry up any sharp I the face, eye-lids, or any other part of the
rheum that distills from the head into the: body, will, by often using, take them away,
eyes, causing redness, pain, waterings, itch- i

ing, or the a little prepared tutia, or

like, if \
MEADOW TREFOIL, OR HONEYSUCKLES.
white amber, be used with the distilled j
water thereof. And here is enough, only i It is so well known, especially by the
remember theSun challengeth this herb. I name of Honeysuckles, white and red, that

TURNSOLE, OR HELIOTROPIUM.
DescriptJ] THE greater Turnsole rises'
! I
p^ -j

in this land.
^^
need not describe them.
almost every where

with one upright stalk, about a foot high, or Government and virtues.] Mercury hath
j

rriore, dividing itself almost from the bottom,

>
dominion over the common sort. Dodo-
into divers small branches, of a hoary colour; neus saith, The leaves and flowers are good
j
at each joint of the stalk and branches grow to ease the griping pains of the gout, the
|

small broad leaves, somewhat white and herb being boiled and used in a clyster,
|

hairy. At the tops of the stalks and branches If the herb be made into a poultice, and
i

stand small white flowers, consisting of four, ?applied to inflammations, it will ease them,
and sometimes five small leaves, set in The juice dropped in the eyes, is a familiar
|

order one above another, upon a small medicine, with many country people, to
j
crooked spike, which turns inwards like a i take away the pin and web (as they call it)
bowed finger, opening by degrees as the fin the eyes; it also allays the heat and
flowers blow open; after which in their blood shooting of them. Country people
j

place come forth cornered seed, four for the do also in many places drink the juice
|

most part standing together; the root is thereof against the biting of an adder ; and
\

small and thready, perishing every year, having boiled the berb in water, they first
i

and the seed shedding every year, raises it | wash the place with the decoction, and then
\ lay some of the
again the next spring. herb also to the hurt place.
Place.'] It grows in gardens, and flowers) The herb also boiled in swine's grease, and
and seeds with us, notwithstanding it is not so made into an ointment, is good to apply
j

natural to this land, but to Italy, Spain, and to the biting of any venomous creature.
i

France, where it grows plentifully. jThe herb also bruised and heated between
Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of tiles, and applied hot to the share, causes
\

the Sun, and good one too. Dio^corides| them to make water who had it stopt be-
saith, That a good handful of this, which is fore. {
It is held likewise to be good for
called the Great Turnsole, boiled in water, wounds, and to take away seed.
\
The de-
and drank, purges both choler and phlegm; coction of the herb and flowers, with the
1

and boiled with cummin, helps the stone in j seed and root, taken for some time, helps
the reins, kidneys, or bladder, provokes
|
women that are troubled with the whites,
urine and women's courses, and causes an
|
The seed and flowers boiled in water, and
easy and speedy delivery in child-birth. |
afterwards made into a poultice with some
The leaves bruised and applied to places | oil, and applied, helps hard swellings and
pained with the gout, or that have been out! imposthumes.
186 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
HEART TREFOIL. they yield a reddish juice or liquor, some-
what resinous, and of a harsh and stypick
BESIDES the ordinary sort of Trefoil, taste, as the leaves also and the flowers be,
here are two more remarkable, and one of although much less, but do not yield such
\

which may be properly called Heart Tre-ja clear claret wine colour, as some say it
foil, not only because
the leaf is triangular, doth, the root is brownish, somewhat great,
like the heart of a man, but also because hard and woody, spreading well in the
each leaf contains the perfection of a heart, ground.
and that in its proper colour, viz. a flesh Placed] It grows in many woods, groves,
colour. !
and woody grounds, as parks and forests,
Place.] It grows between Longford and and by hedge-sides in many places in this
;

Bow, and beyond Southwark, by the high- land, as in Hampstead wood, by Ratley in
j

in the wilds of Kent, and in many

way and parts adjacent. ! Essex,

Government and virtues^] It is under the other places needless to recite.

)

dominion of the Sun, and if it were used, it | Time.'] It flowers later than St. John's
would be found as great a strengthener of! or St. Peter's-wort.
the heart, and cherisher of the vital spirits { Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of
as grows, relieving the body against faint- Saturn, and a most noble anti-venerean.
ing and swoonings, fortifying
it
against Tustan purges choleric humours, as St.
the heart Peter's-wort is said to do, for therein it
poison and pestilence, defending
of the spleen. works the same effects, both to help the
against the noisome vapours
sciatica and gout, and to heal burning by
PEARL TREFOIL. I fire it stays all the
;
bleedings of wounds,
IT differs not from the common sort, if either the green herb be bruised, or the
j

save only in this particular, itbath a while powder of the dry be applied thereto. It
*

in the leaf like a pearl. It is particu- hath been accounted, and certainly it is,
spot j

larly under the dominion

of the Moon, and \ a sovereign herb to heal either wound or
its icon shews that it is of a singular virtue | sore, either outwardly or inwardly, and

against the pearl, or pin and web in the therefore always used in drinks, lotions,
;

eyes. green wounds, ulcers, or old sores, in all

!

\ balms, oils, ointments,

or any other sorts of
TUSTAN, OR PARK LEAVES. 1-1
which cc
the continual experience of former
I

Descript.~] IT hath brownish shining {ages hath confirmed the use thereof to be
round stalks, crested the length thereof, j admirably good, though it be not so much
rising two by two,
and sometimes three feet in use now, as when physicians and sur-
j
forth even from the bottom, geons were so wise as to use herbs more
high, branching \

having divers joints, and at each of them than now they do.
|

two fair large leaves standing, of a dark I

.
-j GARDEN VALERIAN.
blueish green colour on the upper side, and |
,

of a yellowish green underneath, turning! Descript.~\ THIS hath a thick short

reddish toward Autumn. At the top of the! greyish root, lying for the most part above
stalks stand large yellow flowers, and heads ground, shooting forth on all other sides
i

with seed, which being greenish at the first such like small pieces of roots, which have
5

and afterwards reddish, turn to be of a * all of them many long green strings and
blackish purple colour when they are ripe, j fibres under them in the ground, whereby
with small brownish seed within them, and it draws nourishment.
|
From the head of
 PLATE 20

. a in
Valfl 1:1 ii

Viper's Bugloss

Wo ad <
i> i n <

Flower

'

1 - -
" i-

V.I. r I o ,

s (CKLL1
'

.
LQKDOK. 1835 .
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 187

these roots spring up many green leaves, j

virtue against the plague, the decoction
which at first are somewhat broad and long, \
thereof being drank, and the root being
without any divisions at all in them, or dent- to smell to. It helps to expel the
ju^ed
ing on the edges but those that rise up
;
j
wind in the belly. The green herb with
aftet are more and more divided on each the root taken fresh, being bruised and ap-
',

side, some to the middle rib, being winged, plied to the head, takes away the pains and
as made of many leaves together on a stalk, prickings there, stays rheum and thin dis-
and those upon a s talk, in like manner morel filiation, and being boiled in white wine,
divided, but smaller towards the top than and a drop thereof put into the eyes, takes
j
below the stalk rises to be a yard high or away the dimness of the sight, or any pin
;
j

more, sometimes branched at the top, with or web therein. It is of excellent property
5

many small whitish flowers, sometimes to heal any inward sores or wounds, and
j

dashed over at the edges with a pale pur- also for outward hurts or wounds, and
plish colour, of a little scent, which passing drawing away splinters or thorns out of the
away, there follows small browinsh white flesh.
seed, that easily carried away with the
is
VERVAIN.
wind. The root smells more strong than
either leaf or flower, and is of more use in Descript.~\ THE common
Vervain hath
medicines. somewhat long broad leaves next the ground
PlaceJ] It is
generally kept with us in deeply gashed about the edges, and some
gardens. only deeply
* denied, or cut all alike, of a

Time.'] It flowers in June and July, and blackish

j green colour on the upper side,
continues flowering until the frost pull it somewhat grey underneath. The stalk is
j
down. square, branched into several parts, rising
i

Government and virtues.'] This is under about two feet high, especially if you
5

the influence of Mercury. Dioscorides reckon the long spike of flowers at ihe tops
saith, That the Garden Valerian hath ajof them, which are set on all sides one above
warming faculty, and that being dried and another, and sometimes two or three toge-
'

given to drink it provokes urine, and helps ther, being small and gaping, of a blue
;

the stranguary. The decoction thereof colour and white intermixed, after which
j

taken, doth the like also, and takes away ! come small round seed, in small and some-
pains of thesides, provokes women's courses, j what long heads. The root is small and
and is used in antidotes. Pliny saith, That \ long.
the powder of the root given in drink, or! Place.] It grows generally throughout
the decoction thereof taken, helps all stopp- this land in divers places of the hedges and
j

ings and stranglings in any part of the j way-sides, and other waste grounds,
body, whether they proceed of pains in the \ Time.'] It flowers in July, and the seed
chest or sides, and takes them away. The j is ripe soon after.
root of Valerian boiled with liquorice, rai- \ Government and virtues.] This is an herb
sins, and anniseed, is
singularly good for J of Venus, and excellent for the womb to
those that are short-winded, and for those strengthen and remedy all the cold griefs of
j
that are troubled with the
cough, and helps i it, as Plantain doth the hot. Vervain is
to open the
passages, and to expectorate |hot and dry, opening obstructions, cleans-
phlegm easily. It is
given to those that are
j ing
and healing. It helps the yellow jaun-
bitten or stung by any venomous creature, dice, thej dropsy and the gout ; it kills and
being boiled in wine. It is of a special^ expels worms in the belly, and causes a
'
3c
183 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
good colour in the face and body, strengthens meal into a poultice, if cools inflammations
|

as well as corrects the diseases of the stomach, j of wounds; the dropping of the vine, when
liver, and spleen ; helps the cough, wheez- it is cut in the Spring, which country people
5

and shortness of breath, and all the call Tears, being boiled in a
ings, \
syrup, with
defects of the reins and bladder, expelling sugar, and taken inwardly, is excellent to
I

the gravel and stone. It is held to be good stay women's

| longings after every thing
against the biting of sepents, and other they see, which is a disease
many women
venomous beasts, against the plague, and with child are subject to. The decoction of
both tertian and quartan agues. It con- Vine leaves in white wine doth the like,
solidates and heals also all wounds, both Also the tears of the Vine, drank two or
*

inward and outward, stays bleedings, and three spoonfuls at a time, breaks the stone
\

used with some honey, heals all old ulcers in the bladder. This is a very good remedy,,
!

and fistulas in the legs or other parts of the! and it is discreetly done, to kill a Vine to
body ; as also those ulcers that happen in cure a man, but the salt of the leaves are
I

the mouth ; or used Avith hog's grease, it held to be better.

j
The ashes of the burnt
helps the swellings and pains of the secret branches will make teeth that are as black
\

parts in man or woman, also for the piles j as a coal, to be as white as snow, if you but
or haemorrhoids ; applied with some oil of | every morning rub them with it. It is a
roses and vinegar unto the forehead and most gallant Tree of the Sun, very sympa-
temples, it eases the inveterate pains and ; thetical with the body of men, and that is
ache of the head, and is good for those that |
the reason spirit of wine is the greatest cor-
are frantic. The leaves bruised, or the i dial among all
vegetables,
juice of them mixed
with some vinegar, \

doth wonderfully cleanse the skin, andj

lakes away morphew, freckles, fistulas, and J BOTH the tame and the wild are so well
other such like inflamations and defor- \
known, that they need no description,
mities of the skin in any parts of the body, j Time."} They flower until the end of
The distilled water of the herb when it is in J July, but are best in March, and the begin-
full strength, dropped into the eyes, of April.
cleanses] ning
them from films, clouds, or mists, that \ Government and virtues^] They are a fine
darken the sight, and wonderfully strengthens pleasing plant of Venus, of a mild nature,
\

the optic nerves. The said water is very no way harmful.

\
All the Violets are cold
powerful in all the diseases aforesaid, either land moist while they are fresh and green,
inward or outward, whether they be old j and are used to cool any heat, or distem-
corroding sores, or green wounds. The perature of the body, either inwardly or
\

dried root, and peeled, is known to be ex-! outwardly, as inflammations in the eyes, in
cellently good against all scrophulous and \ the matrix or fundament, in imposthumes
scorbutic habits of body, by being tied to j also, and hot swellings, to drink the decoc-
the pit of the stomach, by a piece of white* tion of the leaves and flowers made with water
ribband round the neck. :in wine, or to apply them poultice-wise
to the grieved places it likewise eases
|
:
pains
in the head, caused through want of sleep ;
|

THE leaves of the English vine (I do not lor any other pains arising of heat, being
mean to send you to the Canaries for a | applied in the same manner, or with oil of
medicine (being boiled, makes a good lotion roses.j
A
dram weight of the dried 'eaves
for sore mouths ; being boiled with barley or flower of Violets, but the leaves more
i
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 189

strongly, doth purge

the body of choleric rough, hairy, or prickly sad green leaves*
j

humours, and assuages the heat, being | somewhat narrow; the middle rib for the
taken in a draught of wine, or any other most part being white. The flowers stand
drink ; the powder of the purple leaves of at the top of the stalk, branched forth m
the flowers, only picked and dried and many long i spiked leaves of flowers bowing
i _ i ^
drank in water, is said to help the quinsy, { or turning like the turnsole, all opening for
and the falling-sickness in children, espe- the most part on the one side, which are
cially in the beginning
of the disease. The long and hollow, turning up the brims a
flowers of the white Violets ripen and dis- little, of a purplish violet colour in them
solve swellings. The herb or flowers, while that are fully blown, but more reddish while
they are fresh, or the flowers when they are they are in the bud, as also upon their de-
dry, are effectual in the pleurisy,
and all cay and withering but in some places of
;

diseases of the lungs, to lenify the sharp- a paler purplish colour, with a long poiritel
j

ness in hot rheums, and the hoarseness of sin the middle, feathered or parted at the
the throat, the heat also and sharpness of; top. After the flowers are fallen, the seeds
urine, and all the pains of the back or reins, growing to be ripe, are blackish, cornered
and bladder. It is good also for the liver and pointed somewhat like the head of a
and the jaundice, and all hot agues, to cool viper. j
The root is somewhat great and
the heat, and quench the thirst ; but the blackish, and woolly, when it grows toward
\

syrup of Violets is of most use, and of better seed-time,

and perishes in the Winter,
j

effect, being taken in some convenient j There is another sort, little differing from
liquor : and if a little of the juice or syrupy the former, only in this, that it bears white
of lemons be put to it, or a few drops of the flowers. I

oil of vitriol, it is made thereby the more? Place.] The first grows wild almost
powerful to cool the heat, and quench the every
I where. That with white flowers
thirst, and gives to the drink a claret wine j about the castle-walls at Lewis in Sussex.
colour, and a fine tart relish, pleasing to the ! Time.] They flower in Summer, and
taste. Violets taken, or made up with their seed is ripe quickly after,
I

honey, do more cleanse and cool, and with ! Government and virtues] It is a most

sugar contrary-wise. The dried flower of gallant herb of the Sun ; it is a pity it is no

Violets are accounted amongst the cordial more in use than it is. It is an
especial
drinks, powders, and other medicines, es- remedy against the biting of the Viper, and
pecially where cooling cordials
are neces- all other venomous beasts, or serpents ; as
j

sary. The green leaves are used with other also against poison, or poisonous herbs,
j

herbs to make plaisters and poultices to Dioscorides and others say, That whosoever
{

inflammations and swellings, and to ease all shall take of the herb or root before they be
j

pains whatsoever, arising of heat, and for bitten, shall not be hurt by the poison of any
j

the piles also, being fried with yolks of eggs, serpent. 5 The root or seed is thought to be
and applied thereto. most\ effectual to comfort the heart, and
,
I
ex pel sadness, or causeless melancholy; it
tempers the blood, and allays hot fits of
I

Descripl.] THIS hath many long rough! agues. The seed drank in wine, procures
leaves lying on the ground, from among* abundance of milk in women's breasts,
which rises up divers hard round stalks, The same also being taken, eases the pains
|

very rough, as if they were thick set with in the loins, back, and kidneys.
j
The dis-
prickles or hairs, whereon are set such like tilled
5 water of the herb when it is in flower,
 190 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
or chief strength, is excellent to be ap-jings, comforts and strengthens any weak
its

plied either inwardly or outwardly, for all? part, or out of joint; helps to cleanse the
the griefs aforesaid. There is a syrup made eyes from mistiness or films upon them,
?

hereof very effectual for the comforting: and to cleanse the filthy ulcers in the mouth,
the heart, and expelling sadness and melan- or any other
;

part, and is a singular remedy

choly. j for the gout, and all aches and pains in the

WATT
W AJbJH FTOWFRS
iiU W
Jc OR wTVTFR.
Kn, UK.
r/ Wl^lliiJtt r TT T T
\jiiiLiL l"a J
oints and sinews.
if
A
conserve made of the
t i .1 f .1
flowers, is used for a remedy both for the
FLOWERS i

apoplexy and palsy.

1

THEgarden kind are so well known that!

THE LLNUT TREE -

they need no description.

Descript.'] The common single Wall- IT is so well known, that it needs no des-
\

flowers, which grow wild abroad, have sun- I

cription.
dry small, long, narrow, dark green leaves, jTime.] It blossoms early before the
set without order upon small round, whitish, leaves come forth, and the fruit is ripe in
j

woody stalks, which bear at the tops divers September. 5

single yellow flowers one above another, I Government and virtues.'] This is also a
every one bearing four leaves a-piece, and plant of the Sun.
i Let the fruit of it be
of a very sweet scent after which come gathered accordingly, which you shall find
:
j

long pods, containing a reddish seed. The J to be of most virtues while they are green,
roots are white, hard and thready. before they have shells.
| The bark of the
>

Place.] It grows upon church walls, and Tree

\
doth bind and dry very much, and the
old walls of many houses, and other stone leaves are much of the same temperature
\
:

walls in divers places ; The other sort in but the leaves when they are older, are heat-
!

gardens only. ing and drying in the second degree, and

}

Time.'] All the single kinds do flower

j
harder of digestion than when they are
many times in the end of Autumn ; and if? fresh, which, by reason of their sweetness,
the Winter be mild, all the Winter long, \ are more pleasing, and better digesting in
but especially in the months of February, the stomach and taken with sweet wine,
I ;

March, and April, and until the heat of the! they move the belly downwards, but being
spring do spend them. But the double old, they grieve the stomach; and in hot
i
'
kinds continue not flowering in that manner bodies cause the choler to abound and the
all the year long, although they flower very head-ach, and are an enemy to those that
\

early sometimes, and in some places very have the cough but are less hurtful to those
i
;

late. that have a colder stomach, and are said to

|
Government and virtues.'] The Moon rules f kill the broad worms in the belly or stomach,
them. Galen, in his seventh book of sim- If they be taken with onions, salt, and
1

pie medicines, saith, That the yellow Wall- honey, they help the biting of a mad dog,
i

flowers work more powerfully than any or the venom or infectious poison of any
of the other kinds, and are therefore of more beast, &c. Caias Pompeius found in the
|

use in physic. It cleanses the blood, and treasury of Mithridales, king of Pontus,
1

fretteth the liver and reins from obstruc- when he was overthrown, a scroll of his own
i

tions, provokes women's courses, expels the hand writing, containing a medicine against
secundine, and the dead child ; helps the any poison or infection which is this ;
t ;

hardness and pain of the mother, and of Take two dry walnuts, and as many good
j

spleen also ; stays inflammations and swell- figs, and twenty leaves of rue, bruised and
^
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 191

beaten together with two or three corns of j the green husks being ripe, when they are
salt and twenty juniper berries, which take shelled from the nuts, and drank with a
i

every morning fasting, preserves from dan- little vinegar, is good for the place, so as
j

ger of poison, and infection that day it is before the taking thereof a vein be opened-
taken. The juice of the other green husks The said water is very good against the
?

boiled with honey is an excellent gargle for quinsy, being gargled and bathed there-
|

sore mouths, or the heat and inflammations with, and wonderfully helps deafness, the
;

in the throat and stomach. The kernels, noise, and other pains in the ears. The
j

when they grow old, are more oily, and {distilled water of the young green leaves in
therefore not fit to be eaten, but are then the end of May, performs a singular cure
j

used to heal the wounds of the sinews, on foul running ulcers and sores, to be
j

gangrenes, and carbuncles. The said ker- bathed, with wet cloths or spunges applied
|

nels being burned, are very astringent, [to them every morning,
and will stay lasks and women's courses, 5 ,
,.,,'! WOLD, WELD, OR DYERS WEED.
being taken in red wine, and stay the fall- 1
ing of the hair, and make it fair, being; THE common kind grows bushing with
anointed with oil and wine. The green many leaves, long, narrow and flat upon
husks will do the like, being used in the the ground of a dark blueish green colour,
;

same manner. The kernels beaten with somewhat like unto Woad, but nothing so
rue and- wine, being applied, help the large, a little crumpled, and as it were
quinsy ; and bruised with some honey, and round-pointed, which do so abide the first
5

applied to the ears, ease the pains and in- j year; and the next spring from among
flammation of them. A piece of the green them, rise up divers round stalks, two or
husks put into a hollow tooth, eases the three feet high, beset with many such like
pain. The catkins hereof, taken before leaves thereon, but smaller, and shooting
they fall off, dried, and given a dram thereof forth small branches, which with the stalks
in powder with white wine, wonderfully j carry many small yellow flowers, in a long
helps those that are troubled with the rising spiked head at the top of them, where aftcr-
j

of the mother. The oil that is pressed out] wards come the seed, which is small and
of the kernels, is very profitable, taken in- \ black, inclosed in heads that are divided at
wardly like oil of almonds, to help the j the tops into four parts. The root is long,
cholic, and to expel wind very effectually ;
white and thick, abiding the Winter. The
|

an ounce or two thereof may be taken at whole herb changes to be yellow, after it
j

any time. The young green nuts taken hath been in flower awhile,
j

before they be half ripe, and preserved with \ Place.'] It grows every where by the

sugar, are of good use for those that have way sides,
\
in moist grounds, as well as dry,
weak stomachs, or defluctions thereon. The j in corners of fields and bye lanes, and some-
distilled water of the green husks, before \times all over the field. In Sussex and
they be half ripe, is of excellent use to cool Kent
i;
they call it Green Weed,
the heat of agues, being drank an ounce or: Time.] It flowers in June.
two at a time as also to resist the infec-
: Government and virtues.] Matthiolus saith,
tion of the plague, if some of the same be that the root hereof cures tough phlegm,
also applied to the sores thereof. The digests raw phlegm, thins gross humours,
|

same also cools the heat of green wounds j dissolves hard tumours, and opens obstruc-
and old ulcers, and heals them, being jtions. Some do highly commend it agains 1

bathed therewith. The distilled water of the biting of venomous creatures, to be taken
j
3 r
192 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
inwardly and applied outwardly to the bran of Wheat meal steeped in sharp vine-
|

hurt place as also for the plague or pes- gar, and then bound in a linen cloth, and
; j

tilence. The people in some countries of? rubbed on those places that have the scurf,
this land, do use to bruise the herb, and lay morphew, scabs or leprosy, will take them
i

it to cuts or wounds in the hands or legs, to away, the body being first well purged and
j

heal them. \ prepared. The decoction of the bran ot

WHEAT ;Wheat or barley, is of good use to bathe
those places that are bursten by a rupture ;
|

ALL tne several kinds thereof are so welnand the said bran boiled in
good vinegar,
known unto almost all people, that it is all j and applied to swollen breasts, helps them,
together needless to write a description j and stays all inflamations. It helps also
thereof. the biting of vipers (which I take to be no
?

Government and virtues.'] It is under { other than our English adder) and all other
Venus. Dioscorides saith, That to eat the j venomous creatures. The leaves of Wheat
corn of green Wheat is hurtful to the meal applied with some salt, take away
{

stomach, and breeds worms. Pliny sailh, hardness of the skin, warts, and hard knots
|

That the corn of Wheat, roasted upon an in the flesh. Wafers put in water, and
iron pan, and eaten, are a present remedy drank, stays the lask and bloody flux, and
for those that are chilled with cold. The are profitably used both inwardly and out-
oil pressed from wheat, between two thick wardly for the ruptures in children.
; Boiled
plates of iron, or copper heated, heals all \ in water unto a thick jelly, and taken, it
tetters and ring-worms, being used warm slays spitting of blood; and boiled with
;
>

and hereby Galen sailh, he hath known mint and butter, it helps the hoarseness of
many to be cured. Mitthiolus commends the throat, ;

the same to be put into hollow ulcers to heal |

them up, and it is good for chops in the |

hands and feet, and to make rugged skin* 5

THESE are so well known that they need
smooth. The green corns of Wheat being no description.
1
, I shall therefore only shew
chewed, and applied to the place bitten by you the virtues therof.
j

a mad dog, heals it slices of Wheat bread

; Government and virtues!]
j The Moon
soaked in red rose water, and applied to owns it. j
Both the leaves, bark, and the
the eyes that are hot, red, and inflamed, or seed, are used to stanch, bleeding of wounds,
j

blood-shotten, helps them. Hot bread ap-<and at mouth and nose, spitting of blood,
plied for an hour, at times, for three days and other fluxes of blood in man or woman,
*

together, perfectly heals the kernels in the and to stay vomiting, and provocation there-
\

throat, commonly called the king's evil, unto, if the decoction of them in wine be
j

The flour of Wheat mixed

with the juice of drank. It helps also to stay thin, hot, sharp,
i

henbane, stays the flux of humours to the salt distillations from the head upon the
j

joints, being laid thereon. The said meal lungs, causing a consumption. The leaves
|

boiled in vinegar, helps the shrinking of the! bruised with some pepper, and drank in
sinews, saith Pliny; and mixed with vine- 1 wine, helps much the wind cholic. The
gar, and boiled together, heals all freckles, leaves bruised
|
and boiled in wine, and
spots and pimples on the face. Wheat drank,\stays the heat of lust in man or
flour, mixed with the yolk of an egg, honey, woman, j
and quite extinguishes it, if it be
and turpentine, doth draw, cleanse and heal Uong used: The seed also is of the same
any boil, plague, sore, or foul ulcer. The \ effect. Water that is
gathered from the
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 193

Willow, when it flowers, the bark being |

fitof it, where those that sow it, cut it three-

slit, and a vessel fitting to receive it, is very times a year.

j

good and dimness of sight, or

for redness Time.] It flowers in June, but it is long
\

films that grow over the eyes, and stay the after before the seed is ripe,
j

iheums that fall into them; to provoke? Government and virtues.] It is a cold and
urine, being stopped, if it be drank; dry plant of Saturn.
to clear \ Some people affirm
"
the face and skin from spots and discolour-
j
the plant to be destructive to bees, and
3. Galen saith, The flowers have an fluxes them, which, if it be, I cannot help
I
ings
admirable faculty in drying up humours, it. I should rather think, unless bees be
or contrary to other creatures, it possesses them
being a medicine without any sharpness
I

corrosion ; you may boil them in white with the contrary disease, the herb being
i

wine, and drink as much as you will, so; exceeding dry and binding. However, if
you drink not yourself drunk. The bark any bees
J;
be diseased thereby, the cure is,
works the same effect, if used in the same to set
5 urine by them, but set it in a vessel,
manner, and the Tree hath always a bark that they
! cannot drown themselves, which
upon it, though not always flowers; the may j
be remedied, if you put
pieces of cork
burnt ashes of the bark being mixed with in it. j
The herb is so drying and binding,
vinegar, takes away warts, corns,
and ithat it is not fit to be given inwardly. An
superfluous flesh, being applied to the place. ointment made thereof stanches bleeding.
;

The decoction of the leaves or bark in wine, ; A

plaister made thereof, and applied to the
takes away scurfFand dandriff by washing region of the spleen which lies on the left
|

the place with it. It is a fine cool tree, the side, takes away the hardness and
i
pains
boughs of which are very convenient to \ thereof. The ointment is excellently good
be placed in the chamber of one sick of a in such ulcers as abound with moisture, and
|

fever. takes away the corroding and fretting

I

| humours It cools inflammations, quenches

:

?St. Anthony's fire, and stays defluxion of

IT hath divers large leaves,
Descript] j
the blood to any part of the body,
long, and somewhat broad withal, like those i

,. TV i . .1 , WOODBINE, OR HONEY-SUCKLES
of the greater plntain, but larger, thicker, ;

of a greenish colour, somewhat blue withal. IT is a plant so common, that every one
$

From among which leaves rises up a lusty that hath eyes knows it, and he that hath
t

stalk, three or four feet high, with divers none, cannot read a description, if I should
j

leaves set thereon the higher the stalk write it.

;
\

rises, the smaller are the leaves at the top

; Time.
!
They flower in June, and the
it
spreads divers branches, at the end of |
fruit is ripe in August,
which appear very pretty, little yellow |
Government and virtues.] Doctor Tra-p
flowers, and after they pass away like other dition, that grand introducer of errors, that
\

flowers of the field, come husks, long and \ hater of truth, lover of folly, and the mortal
somewhat flat withal ; in form they resem- foe to Dr. Reason, hath taught the common
j

ble a tongue, in colour they are black, and people to use the leaves or flowers of this
j

they hang bobbing downwards. The seed plant in mouth-water, and by long con-
;

contained within these husks (if it be a little tinuance of time, hath so grounded it in the
;

chewed) gives an azure colour. The root is brains of the vulgar, that you cannot beat it
>

white and long. out with a beetle: All mouth-waters ought

i

Place.] It is sowed in fields for the bene- 1 to be cooling and drying, but Honey
104 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Suckles are cleansing, consuming and di- describe, and the third be critical at; and
1

gesting, and
therefore fit for inflammations ; I care not greatly if I begin with the last
!

thus Dr. Reason. Again if you please, we \ first,

will leave Dr. Reason a while, and come to !Sea Wormwood hath gotten as many names
Dr. Experience, a learned gentleman, and as virtues, (and perhaps one more) Seriphian,
his brother. Take a leaf and chew it in Santomeon, Bcichion, Narbinense, Han-
your mouth, and you will quickly find it tonicon, Misneule, and a matter of twenty
likelier to cause a sore mouth and throat; more which I shall not blot paper withal,
than to cure it. Well then, if it be not good A papist got the toy by the end, and he
1

for this, What is it good for? It is good for called it Holy Wormwood
\ and in truth
;

for God and nature made 1 am opinion, their so much holi-

something, j giving
in vain. It is an herb of Mercury, ness to herbs, is the reason there remains so
nothing ;

and appropriated to the lungs; neither is it little in themselves.

j
The seed of this
Crab claims dominion over it; neither is
j
it Wormwood is that which women usually
a foe to the Lion ; if the lungs be afflicted
$ give their children for the worms. Of all
this is your cure 1 1 is fitting a Wormwoods that grow here, this is the
i
by Jupiter, :

conserve made of the flowers of it were kept j weakest, but Doctors commend it, and
in every gentlewoman's house I know no apothecaries sell it; the one must
keep his
i
;

better cure for an asthma than this :

besides, credit, and the other get money, and that is
it takes away the evil of the spleen, provokes the key of the work. The herb is good for
urine, procures speedy delivery of women something, because God made nothing in
in travail, helps cramps, convulsions, and vain Will you give me leave to
:
\ weigh
palsies,
and whatsoever griefs come of cold \ things in the balance of reason Then thus
; ;

or stopping; if you please to make use of {The seeds of the common Wormwood are
it as an ointment, it will clear your skin of; far more prevalent than the seed of this, to

morphew, freckles, and sun-burnings, or! expel worms in children, or people of ripe
whatsoever else discolours it, and then the age ; of both some are weak, some are
\

maids will love it. Authors say, The! strong. The Seriphian Wormwood is the
flowers are of more effect than the leaves, weakest, and haply may prove to be fittest
'

and that is true ; but they say the seeds are for the weak bodies, (for it is weak enough
i

least effectual of all. But Dr. Reason told of all conscience.) Let such as are strong
me, That there was a vital spirit in every take the common Wormwood, for the others
seed to beget its like and Dr. Experience! will do but little good. Again, near the sea
;

told me, That there was a greater heat in the 1 many people live, and Seriphian grows
seed than there was in any other part of the j near them, and therefore is more fitting for
plant and withal, That heat was the mother
: Hheir bodies, because nourished by the
of action, and then judge if old Dr. Tradi- j same air ; and this I had from Dr. Reason,
tion (who may well be honoured for his age, In whose body Dr. Reason dwells not, dwells
j

but not for his goodness) hath not so poi- Dr. Madness, and he brings in his brethren,
j

soned the world with errors before I was Dr. Ignorance, Dr. Folly, and Dr. Sick-
j

born, that it was never well in its wits; ness, and these together make way for
since, and thereis a great fear it will die mad. \ Death,
and the latter end of that man is
|
worse than the beginning. Pride was the
cause of Adam's fall ; pride begat a daugh-
|
THREE Wormwoods are familiar with jter, I do not know the father of it, unless
us ; one I shall not describe, another I shall ; the devil, but she christened it, and calle 1
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 195

it
Appetite, and sent her daughter to taste |
with many round, woody, hairy stalks from
these wormwoods, who finding this the J
one root. Its
height four
isfeet, 01 three at
least bitter, made the squeamish wench least. The leaves in longitude are long, in
" \

extol it to the skies, though the virtues of it: : latitude narrow, in colour white, in form
never reached the middle region of the air. i
hoary, in similitude likeSouthernwood,only
Its due praise is this ; It is weakest, there- i
broader and longer; in taste rather salt than
fore fittest for weak bodies, and fitter for| bitter, because grows so near the salt-
it

those bodies that dwell near it, than those! water i at the joints, with the leaves toward
;

that dwell far from it my reason ; is, the sea I the tops it bears little yellow flowers; the
(those that live far from it, know when they 5 root lies deep, -vnd is woods,
come near it) casts not such a smell as the j
Common Wormwood I shall not describe,
land doth. The tender mercies of God \ for every boy that can eat an egg knows it.

being over all his works, hath by his eternal |

Roman Wormwood; and why Roman,
Providence, planted Seriphian by the sea- [ seeing it
grows familiarly in England ? It
side, as a fit medicine for the bodies of those may be so called, because it is good fora
that live near it. Lastly, It is known to all stinking breath, which the Romans cannot
that know any thing in the course of nature, be very free from, maintaining so many
that the liver delights in sweet things, if so, bad houses by authority of his Holiness.
it abhors bitter then if your liver be weak,
;
Descript.~] The stalks are slender, and
it is none of the wisest courses to
plague it shorter than the common Wormwood by
with an enemy. If the liver be weak, a one foot at least ; the leaves are more finely
consum ption follows would you know the
; cut and divided than they are, but some-
reason ? It is this, A
man's flesh is repaired thing smaller ; both leaves and stalks are
by blood, by a third concoction, which hoary, the flowers of a pale yellow colour ;
transmutes the blood into flesh, it is well it is altogether like the common Worm-
I said, (concoction) say I, if I had said wood, save only in bigness, for it is smaller;
(boiling) every cook would have understood in taste, for it is not so bitter ; in smell, for
me. The liver makes blood, and if it be it is spicy.
weakened that if it makes not enough, the Place.] It grows upon the tops of the
flesh wastes and why must flesh always be mountains (it seems 'tis aspiring) there 'tis
;

renewed ? Because the eternal God, when natural, but usually nursed up in gardens
he made the creation, made one part of it for the use of the apothecaries in London.
j
in continual dependency upon another
Time.'] All Wormwoods usually flower
;
\

and why did he so ? Because himself only in August, a little sooner or later.
j

is
permanent ; to teach us, That we should Government and virtues.] Will you give
not fix our affections upon what is transi- me leave to be critical a little? I must
tory, but what endures for ever. The re- take leave. Wormwood is an herb of Mars,
sult of this is, if the liver be weak, and can- and ifPontanus
say otherwise, he is beside
not make blood enough, I would have said, the What delights
bridge ; I prove it thus :

Sanguify, if I had written only to scholars, in martial places,

j
is a martial herb ; but
the Seriphian, which is the weakest of! Wormwood in martial
delights places (foi
Wormwoods, is better than the best. I have about forges and iron works you may gather
been critical enough, if not too much. a cart-load of it,) ergo, it is a martial herb.
PlaceJ] It grows familiarly in England, It is hot and dry in the first degree, viz.
by the sea-side. Hust as hot as your blood, and no hotter. It
Descnp/.] It starts up out of the earth, remedies the evils choler can inflict on the
{
3
196 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
body of man by sympathy. It helps the herb of Mars, is a present
\ remedy for die
evils Venus and the wanton Boy produce, biting of rats and mice.
j
Mushrooms (I
by antipathy; and it doth
something else! cannot give them the title of Herba, Fru-
besides. It cleanses the body of or Arbor) are under the dominion of
cholerjtex,
(who dares say Mars doth no good?) It Saturn, ( and take one time with
] another,
provokes urine, helps surfeits, or swellings Uhey do as much harm as good ;) if any have
in the belly; itcauses appetite to meat, poisoned himself by eating them, Worm-
j

because Mars rules the attractive faculty in wood, an herb of Mars, cures him, because
j

man: The sun never shone upon a better Mars is exalted in Capricorn, the house of
|

herb for the yellow jaundice than this; Why Saturn, and this it doth by sympathy, as it
\

should men cry out so much upon Mars for did the other by antipathy. Wheals, pushes,
\

an infortunate, (or Saturn either?) Did black and blue spots, coming either by
;

God make creatures to do the creation a bruises or beatings. Wormwood, an herb

j

mischief? This herb testifies, that Mars is of Mars, helps, because Mars, (as bad you
|

all diseases he causes; the Move him, and as you hate

willing to cure him) will not
truth is, Mars loves no cowards, nor Saturn break your head, but he will give you a
;

fools, nor I neither. Take of the flowers of plaister. If he do but teach you to know
i

Wormwood, Rosemary, and Black Thorn, yourselves, his courtesy is greater than is
:

of each a like quantity, half that quantity discourtesy.

! The greatest antipathy be-
of saffron; boil this in Rhenish wine, butj.tween the planets, is between Mars and
put it not in saffron till
it is almost boiled ; Venus:
j
one is hot, the other cold; one

This is the way to keep a man's body in diurnal, the other nocturnal; one dry, the
j

health, appointed by Camerarius, in his j other moist their houses are opposite, one
;

book intitled Horttis Medians, and it is a masculine,

i the other feminine ; one public,

good one too. Besides all this, Wormwood the other private ; one is valiant, the other
*

one loves the light, the other

provokes the terms. I would willingly j effeminate:
teach astrologers, and make them physi-j hates it one loves the field, the other sheets;
;

cians (if I knew how) for they are most then the throat is under Venus, the quinsy
j

fitting for the calling; if you will not believe Mies in the throat, and is an inflammation
me, ask Dr. Hippocrates, and Dr. Galen, \ there; Venus rules the throat, (it being
a couple of gentlemen that our college of j
under Tamus her sign.) Mars eradicates

physicians keep to vapour with,

not to j
all diseases in the throat by his herbs (for
follow. In this our herb, I shall give the pat- j
wormwood is
one) and sends them to Egypt
tern of a ruler, the sons of art rough cast, on an errand never to return more, this
j

yet as near the truth as the men of Benja- done by antipathy.

\
The eyes are under
min could throw a stone Whereby, my
: the Luminaries
i the right eye of a man,
;

brethren, the astrologers may know by a; and the left eye of a woman the Sun claims

penny how a shilling is coined As for the! dominion over: the left eye of a man, and
:

too stately to the right eye of a woman, are privileges of

college of physicians, they are
;

college or too proud to continue. They the Moon, Wormwood, an herb of Mars
I

^ay a mouse is under the dominion of the cures both; |

what belongs to the Sun by
Moon, and that is the reason they feed in the sympathy, i because he is exalted in his
night; the house of the
Moon is Cancer house
; but
1 what belongs to the Moon by
;

rats are of the same nature with mice, butt antipathy, because he hath his fall in her's.

they are a little bigger; Mars receives his {Suppose

a man be bitten or stung by a
fall in Cancer, ergo, Wormwood being an martial creature, imagine a wasp, a hornet.
I
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 197

a scorpion, Wormwood, an herb of Mars, either linen or woolen draper) yet as brave as
j

that Mars, cho- they looked, my opinion was that the moths
gives you a present cure ;
j

leric as he is, hath learned that patience, to might consume them ; moths are under the
:

pass by your evil speeches

of him, and tells dominion of Mars; this herb Wormwood be-
j

you by my pen, That he gives you no af-iing laid among cloaths, will make a moth
fliction, but he gives you a cure you need scorn to meddle with the cloalhs, as much
; ;

not run to Apollo, nor ./Esculapius and if as a lion scorns to meddle with a mouse, or
i i
;
*.i /iit~tr
:

he was so choleric as you make him to be, an eagle with a fly. You say Mars is an-
* i ir

he would have drawn his sword for anger, gry, and it is true enough he is angry with
to see the ill conditions of these people many countrymen, for being such fools to
that can spy his vices, and not his virtues. be led by the noses by the college of phy-
The eternal God, when he made Mars, sicians, as they lead bears to Paris garden.
made him for public good, and the sons of; Melancholy men cannot endure to be
men shall know it it in the latter end of the wronged in point of good fame, and that
\

world. Et caelum Mars solus babet. You dolh sorely trouble old Saturn, because they
\

say Mars is a destroyer mix a little Worm- call him the greatest infortunate ; in the
;
j

wood, an herb of Mars, with your ink, body of man he rules the spleen, (and that
I

neither rats nor mice touch the paper writ- makes covetous man so splenetic) the poor
\

ten with it, and then Mars is a preserver. old man lies crying out of his left side
j

Astrologers think Mars causes scabs and Father Saturn's angry, Mars comes to him
:
;

itch, and the virgins are angry with him, Come, brother, I confess thou art evil spoken
|

because wanton Venus told them he de- of, and so am I ; thou knowest I have my
j

forms their skins but, quoth Mars, my exaltation in thy house, I give him an herb
;
j

only desire is, they should know themselves; of mine, Wormwood, to cure the old man
\ :

my herb Wormwood will restore them to Saturn consented, but spoke little, and so
|

the beauty they formerly had, and in that {Mars cured him by sympathy. When
I will not come an inch behind my opposite, \ Mars was free from war, (for he loves to be
Venus: for which doth the greatest evil, he fighting, and is the best friend a soldier
\

that takes away an innate beauty, and when! hath) I say, when Mars was free from war,
he has done, knows how to restore it again ? he called a council of war in his own brain,
|

or she that teaches a company of wanton to know how he should do poor sinful man
j

lasses to paint their faces? If Mars be in [good, desiring to forget his abuses in being
a Virgin, in the nativity, they say he causes \ called an infortunate. He musters up his
the cholic (it is Avell God hath set some! own forces, and places them in battalia,
body to pull down the pride of man.) HejOh! quoth he, why do I hurt a poor
in the Virgin troubles none with the cholic, i silly man or woman ? His angel answer.*
but them that know not themselves (for who him, It is because they have offended theii
I

knows himself, may easily know all the God, (Look back to Adam:) Well, says
5

world.) Wormwood, an herb of Mars, is a { Mars, though they speak evil of me, I will
present^"1cure for it; and whether it be most do good to them ; Death's cold, my herb
1 1 1 1 I f* 1 .1 1 .1
|
'
! /11/*111
-I i i 1
like a Christian to love him for his good, or; shall heat them they are full of ill humours :

hate him for his evil, judge ye. I had al- (else they would never have spoken ill of
most forgotten, that charity thinks no evil. me ;) my herb shall cleanse them, and dry

robe, and there wasagreat many fine clothes: herb shall strengthen them they are dull
j ;

I can give them no other title, for I was never \ witted, my herb shall fortify their appro-
198 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
hensions ; and yet among astrologers all niglit, the one from Aries, and the other
\

this does not deserve a good word : Oh the j from Scorpio ; give me thy leave by sym-
to cure this poor man with
patience of Mars !
1 pathy drinking
;
a draught of Wormwood beer every morn-
Felix qui potuit rcmm cognoscere caucus, The Moon was weak the other day,
ing.
inque domus superum scandere curafacit. and she gave a man two terrible mischiefs,
O happy he that can the knowledge gain, a dull brain and a weak sight; Mars laid
To know the eternal God made nought in vain.
To this 1 add, by his sword, and comes to her Sister ;

Moon, said he, this man hath angered thee,

I know
I lYIIlFVV the reason causeth
bUYrf ftwmWU such **
VrUUWlrU t?u*_>aA a *-_,
dearth u j T 1 11 1
*

beseech thee take notice he is but a

1 *

Of knowledge 'tis because men love theearth. j out

;
I fool ; prithee be patient, I will with my herb
The other day Mars told me he met with wormwood cure him of both infirmities by
*

Venus, and he asked her, What was the j antipathy, for thou knowest thou and I can-
reason that she accused him for abusing not agree with that the Moon began to
\ ;

women? He never gave them the pox. In quarrel; Mars (not delighting much in
\

the dispute they fell out, and in anger women's tongues) went away, and did it
!

parted, and Mars told me that his brother j whether she would or no.
Jaturn told him, that an antivenerean He that reads this, and understands what
medicine was the best against the pox.
:i
he reads, hath a jewel of more worth than
Once a month he meets with the Moon. |
a diamond he that understands it not, is
;

Mars is quick enough of speech, and the! as little fit to give physick. There lies a
Moon much behind hand, (neither are key in these words which will unlock, (if it
not |

most women.) The Moon looks much be turned by a wise hand) the cabinet of
j

after children, and children are much trou- physick I have delivered it as plain as I
j
:

bled with the worms; she desired a medi- durst; it is not only upon Wormwood as
cine of him, he bid her take his own herb, I wrote, but upon all plants, trees, and
Wormwood. He had no sooner parted \ herbs ; he that understands it not, is unfit
with the Moon, but he met with Venus, and (in my opinion) to give physic. This shall
5

she was as drunk as a hog; Alas! poor live when I am dead. j

And thus I leave it
Venus, quoth he What thou a fortune, j to the world, not caring a farthing whether
;
!

and be drunk? I'll give thee antipathetical \ they like it or dislike it. The grave equals
cure; Take my herb Wormwood, and thou \ all men, and therefore shall equal me with
shall never get a surfeit by drinking. A all princes; until which time the eternal
I

poor silly countryman hath got an ague, Providence is over rne Then the
ill
j tongue :

and cannot go about his business he of a prating fellow, or one that hath more
:
|

wishes he had it not, and so do I ; but I { tongue than wit, or more proud than
will tell him a remedy, whereby he shall honest, shall never trouble me.
|
Wisdom is
prevent it ; Take the herb of Mars, Worm- [justified by her children.
And so much for
wood, and infortunes will do good, what
if
|
Wormwood.
will fortunes do? Some think the lungs are
YAR '
CALLED NOSE _ BLEED MILFOIL ,

under Jupiter ; and if the lungs then the

AND THOUSALD . LEAL .

breath and though sometimes a man gets j

;

a stinking breath, and yet Jupiter is a for-! Descript.~\ IT hath many long leaves
tune, forsooth up comes Mars to him j spread upon the ground, finely cut, and
; ;

Come brother Jupiter, thou knowest I sent | divided into many small parts- It flowers
thee a couple of trines to thy house last | are white, but not all of a whiteness, and
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 199

It stays the shedding of hair, the head

stayed in knots, upon divers green stalks being
which rise from among the leaves. bathed with the decoction of it ; inwardly
It is frequent in all pastures. taken it helps the retentive faculty of the
Place.]
It flowers late, even in the latter stomach it:
helps the gonorrhea in men,
Time.'] j
end of August. and the whites in women, and helps such as
Government and virtues.'] It is under the j cannot hold their water ; and the leaves
influence of Venus. An ointment of them chewed in the mouth eases the tooth-ache
i
,

cures wounds, and is most fit for such as and these virtues being put together, shew
i

have inflammations, it being an herb of! the herb to be drying and binding. Achilles
Dame Venus ; it stops the terms in women, is supposed to be the first that left the vir-
i

being boiled in white wine, and the decoc- j tues

of this herb to posterity, having learned
tion drank; as also the bloody flux; the 5them of this master Chiron, the Centaur ;
ointment of it is not only good for green and certainly a very profitable herb it is in
i

wounds, but also for ulcers and fistulas,; cramps, and therefore called Militaris.
especially such as abound
with moisture. {

DIRECTIONS FOR MAKING SYRUPS, CONSERVES,

HAVING in divers places of this Treatise CHAP. v. Of Barks.

promised you theway of making Syrups, CHAP. vi. Of Juices.
Conserves, Oils, Ointments, &c, of herbs, SECTION II
roots, flowers, &c. whereby you may have 'Of making and keeping Compounds.
them ready for your use at such times when CHAP. i.
Of distilled waters.
they cannot be had otherwise ; I come now i; CHAP. ii. Of Syrups.
lo perform what I promised, and you shall CHAP. in Of Juleps.
find me rather better than worse than my CHAP. IV. Of Decoctions.
word. CHAP. V. Of Oils.
That this may done methodically,;
be CHAP. VI Of Electuaries.
I shall divide my directions into two grand CHAP.
j VII. Of Conserves.
sections, and each section into several chap- i
CHAP. VIII Of Preserves.
ters, and then you shall see it look with such CHAP.
j
IX. Of Lohochs.
a countenance as this is. CHAP. x. Of Ointments.
SECTION I. CHAP. XI. Of Plaisters.
CHAP. XII. Of Poultices.
Of gathering, drying, and keeping Simples, CHAP. XIII
and their juices.
Of Troches.
CHAP. XIV. Of Pills.
CHAP, i Of leaves of Herbs, CHAP. XV. The way of fitting Medi-
CHAP. ii. Of Flowers. cines to Compound Dis-
CHAP. in. Of Seeds. eases.
CHAP. iv. Of Roots. Of all these in order.
3 F
200 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
ner a PP'y to a planet of the same
CHAPTER i. |
if you cannot wait that time neither, let
triplicity;
j

Of Leaves of Herbs, or Trees. j

her be with a fixed star of their nature.
1. OF leaves, choose only such as are?
6 Having well dried them, put them up
'

green, and full of juice; pick them care-*

m
brown P a P er ' sewing the paper up like
a sack and P ress them not to hard to g e -
fully, and cast away such as are any way
declining, for they will putrify the rest So j
* her and kee
:
> P them m T
a dl P lace near the
shall onehandfulbe worth ten of those you j ^7 As for the d uration of dried
buy at the physic herb shops.
'
herbs,
* ust time cannot be let authors
2. Note what places they most given, prate
delight.{ ,J
to grow in, and gather them there ; for tneir Pjeasure > for >
j
lst Such as g row u P on drT grounds will
*

Betony that grows in the shade, is far better I

than that which grows in the Sun, because keep better than such as grow on moist,
|

it delights m the shade so also such herbs j .J^' Such herbs as are ful1 of j ulce '
;
Wl11 n ot kee
as delight to grow near the water, shall be j P so lo n g as such a f are di; ier
, ,
-
.

3dl Such herbs as are well dried, will

gathered near it, though happily you may
kee
^
find some of them upon dry ground The :
P longer than such as are slack dried.
Treatise will inform you where every herb
Yet you may know when they are corrupt-
ed ' y tneir l ss of colour, or smell, or
delights to grow
3. The leaves 'of such herbs as run up to
bo and if the y be corrupted, reason
^'> t

seed, are not so good when they are in j "Jtelj. jou that they must needs corrupt
^
the bodies of those people that take them,
flower as before (some few excepted, the
4 Gather a11 leav
fm
the hour of that
'
leaves of which are seldom or never used)' ,
lanet that g overns them '
in such cases, if through ignorance they P <

were not known, or through negligence j CHAPTER

11.
forgotten, you had better take the top and j
the flowers, then the leaf/
Flowers '/
4. Dry them well in the Sun, and not in 1. THE flower, which is the beauty of the

plant, and of none of the least use in phy-

the shade, as the saying of physicians is ;

for if the sun draw away the virtues of the sick,

grows yearly, and is to be gathered
herb, it must need do the like by hay, by when it is in its prime.
the same rule, which the experience of every 2. As for the time of gathering them, let
country farmer will explode for a notable \ the planetary hour, and the planet they
piece of nonsense. j
come of, be observed, as we shewed you
5. Such as are artists in
astrology, (and in the foregoing chapter as for the time of
\
:

indeed none else are fit to make physicians) i the day, let it be when the sun shine upon
such I advise ; let the planet that governs I them, that so they may be dry ; for, if you
the herb be angular, and the stronger the gather either flowers or herbs when they are
;

better ; if they can, in herbs of Saturn, let) wet or dewy, they will not keep.
Saturn be in the ascendant ; in the herbs of 3. Dry them well in the sun, and keep
I

Mars, let Mars be in the mid heaven, for in them in papers near the fire, as I shewed
|

those houses they delight; let the Moon you in the foregoing chapter,
}

apply to them by good aspect, and let her| 4. So long as they retain the colour and
not be in the houses of her enemies if you smell, they are good ; either of them being
; ;
!
cannot well stay till she apply to them, let gone, so is the virtue also.
s
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 201

morning; and this idle talk of untruth is so

CHAPTER III- grounded in the heads, not only of the vul-
Seeds. gar, but also of the learned, that a man
Of cannot drive it out by reason. I pray let
1. THE seed is that part of the plant such sapmongers answer me this argument;
which is endowed with a vital faculty to If the sap falls into the roots in the fall of
bring forth its like,
and it contains poten- the leaf, and lies there all the Winter, then
must the root grow only in the Winter.
tiallf the whole plant
in it.
2. As for place, let them be gathered But the root grows not at all in the Winter,
from the place where they delight to grow. as experience
j
teaches, but only in the
3. Let them be full ripe when they are Summerj
Therefore, If you set an apple-
:

not the celestial har- kernel in the Spring, you shall find the root
gathered and forget
;
j
for I have found to a pretty bigness in the Summer,
mony before mentioned, jto grow
by experience that their virtues are twice as and be not a whit bigger next Spring.
i

times as others: "There is What doth the sap do in the root all that
great at such
an appointed time for every thing under while? Pick straws? as rotten as a
'Tis a
the sun." rotten post.
4. When you have gathered them, dry The truth
is, when the sun declines from

them a little, and but a little in the sun, the tropic of Cancer, the sap begins to con-
before you lay them up. geal both in root and branch when he ;

5. You need not be so careful of keeping touches the tropic of Capricorn, and ascends
them so near the fire, as the other before- to us-ward, it
begins to wax thin again,
mentioned, because they are fuller of and |by degrees, as it
congealed. But to
and therefore not so subject to proceed.
spirit, |

3. The drier time you gather the roots

corrupt.
6. As for the time of their duration, it is the better they are; for they have the
Jin,
a less excrementitious moisture in them,
palpable they will keep good many years; \

are best the first year, and this 4. Such roots as are soft, your best way
yet, they jj

I make appear by a good argument. They is to | dry in the sun, or else hang them in
will grow sooner the first year they be set, the chimney corner upon a string as for ;
j

thprpfnrp thpn thev

therefore then they are in their prime such as are hard, you may dry them any
; \

and it is an easy matter to renew them where. |

5. Such roots as are great, will keep

yearly.
longer than such as are small yet most of
CHAPTER IV. I

them will keep a year.

i
;

8. Siieh roots as are soft, it is your best

Of Roots.
1 way LO keep them always near the fire, and
1. OF roots, chuse such as are neither \ to take this general rule for it: If in Win-
rotten nor worm-eaten, but proper in their ter-time you find any of your roots, herbs
j

taste, colour, and smell; such as exreed ! or flowers begin to be moist, as many times
neither in softness nor hardness.
j
you shall (for it is your best way to look to
2. Give me leave to be a little them once a month) dry them by a very
critical |

which gentle fire; or, if you can with convenience

against the vulgar received opinion, j

That the falls down into the roots in keep them near the fire, you may save your-
*
is, sap
the Autumn, and rises again in the Spring, { self the labour
as men go to bed at night, and rise in the) 7- It is in vain to dry roots that may
202 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
commonly be had, as Parsley, Fennel, \ 3. The manner of clarifying it is this :

Plantain, &c. but gather them only for pre-i Put it into a
pipkin or skillet, or some such
sent need I
thing, and set it over the fire ; and when the
\ scum arises,
take it off; let it stand over the
CHAPTERV 5
fl re t jjj no more scum arise when you have
',

Of Barks. 5 your juice clarified, cast away the scum as

5 a thing of no use.
1. BARKS, which physicians use in medi- \ 4. When you have thus clarified it, you
cine, are of these sorts :Of fruits, of roots, have two ways to preserve it all the year,
j

(1.) When it is cold, put it into a glass,

of boughs.
2. The barks of fruits are to be taken an d |
put so much oil on it as will cover it
when the fruit is full ripe, as Oranges, j to the thickness of two fingers ; the oil will
Lemons, &c. but because 1 have nothing to sw im at the top, and so keep the air from
|

do with exotics here, I pass them without coming to purtify it When you intend to :
j

any more words. | use it, pour it into a porringer, and if any
3. The barks of trees are best gathered o il come out with it, you may easily scum
j

in the Spring, if of oaks, or such great \ it off with a spoon, and put the juice you
trees ; because then they come easier off, use not into the glass again, it will quickly
>

and so you may dry them if you please ; s i n k under the oil. This is the first way.
j
but indeed the best way is to gather all j (2.) The second way is a little more dif-
barks only for present use. : ficult,
and the juice of fruits is usually pre-
4. As for the barks of roots, 'tis thus to served this way. When you have clarified
be gotten. Take the roots of such herbs as it, boil it over the fire, till (being cold) it
have a pith in them, as parsley, fennel, &c be of the thickness of honey ; This is most
slit them in the middle, and when you have ;
commonly used for diseases of the mouth,
taken out the pith (which you may easily | an d is called Roba and Saba. And thus
do) that which remains is called (tho' im- j muc h for the first section, the second follows,
properly) the bark, and indeed is only to be j
Ssed. SECTION
II.

The way of making and keeping all necessary

CHAPTER vi.
1

Compounds.
Of Juices.
CHAPTER V.
1. JUICES are to be pressed out or herbs *

when they are young and tender, out of i

Of distilled Waters.
some stalks and tender lops of herbs and $

plants, and also

out of some flowers. HITHERTO we have spoken of medicines
2. Having gathered the herb, would you which consist in their own nature, which
\

it is very dry authors vulgarly call Simples, though some-

preserve the juice of it, when j

(for otherwise the juice will not be worth times improperly; for in truth, nothing is
I

a button) bruise it very well in a stone mor- j simple

but pure elements ; all things else
tar with a wooden pestle, then having put \ are compounded of them. come now We
it into a canvas bag, the herb I mean, not to |
treat of the artificial medicines, in the
the mortar, for that will give but little juice,! form of wnich (because we must begin
press it hard in a press,
then take the juice somewhere) we shall place distilled waters
}
:

and clarify it. ;

in which consider,
?
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 203

1. Waters are distilled see at the first view, That this

of herbs, flowers, j
2. You
fruits, and roots. aphorism divides itself into three branches,
2. We
treat not of strong waters, but of which deserve severally to be treated of,
cold, as being to act Galen's part, and not viz.
Paracelsus's. 1. Syrups made by infusion.

3. The herbs ought to be Syrups made by decoction.

distilled when 2.

they are in the greatest vigour, Syrups made by juice.

and so ought 3.
the flowers also. Of each of these, (for your instruction-
4. The vulgar way of distillations which sake, kind countrymen and women) I speak

people use, because they know no better, a word or two apart.

is in a pewter still and although distilled
; 1st, Syrups made by infusion, are usually
waters are the weakest of artificial medicines, made of flowers, and of such flowers as
j

and good for little but mixtures of other soon lose their colour and strength by boil-
>

medicines, yet they are weaker by many ing, as roses, violets, peach flowers, &c. |

degrees, than they would be were they dis- 1 They are thus made Having picked your :

tilled in sand. If I thought it not impos- flowers clean, to every pound of them add
;

sible, to teach you the way of distilling in three pounds or three pints, which you will
j

sand, I would attempt it. |

(for it is all one) of spring water, made boil-
5. When you have distilled your water, ing hot first put your flowers into a ;
pew-
it into a covered over with a with a cover, and pour the water on
put glass, ter-pot,
paper pricked full of holes, so that the ex- them ; then shutting the pot, let it stand by
crementitious and fiery vapours may ex- the fire, to keep hot twelve hours, and
hale, which cause that settling in distilled strain it out (in such syrups as purge) as :

waters called the Mother, which corrupt damask roses, peach flowers, &c. the usual,
them, then cover it close, and keep it for and indeed the best way, is to repeat this
your use. infusion, adding fresh flowers to the same
6. Stopping distilled waters with a cork, liquor divers times, that so it may be the
makes them musty, and so does paper, if it stronger) having strained it out, put the
but touch the water it is best to stop them infusion into a pewter bason, of an earthen
:

with a bladder, being first put in water, and one well glazed, and to every pint of it add
bound over the top of the glass. two ^pounds of sugar, which being only ^
Such cold waters as are distilled in a melted over the fire, without boiling, and
\ ^"^
_ 11 /
_
*
ill
*
/* \ 1 1 1 i "it i i

pewter still (if well kept) will endure a year; scummed, will produce you the syrup you
such as are distilled in sand, as they are desire.
twice as strong, so they endure twice as 2dly, Syrups made by decoction are
long. usually made of compounds, yet may any
CHAPTER II. pirn pie herb be thus converted into syrup:
c : Take the herb, root, or flowers you would
Q /

i make into a syrup, and bruise it a little ;

1. A SYRUP is a medicine of a liquid hhen boil it in a convenient quantity of
form, composed of infusion, decoction and water more water you boil it
the
| spring ;

juice. And, 1. For the more grateful taste, jn , the weaker it will be a handful of the ;
j
For the better
keeping of it: with a cer- { herb or root is a convenient quantity for a
tain quantity of honey or
sugar, hereafter ,
pint of water, boil it till half the water be
mentioned, boiled to the thickness of new consumed, then let it stand till it be almost
honey. cold, and strain it through a woollen cloth,
So
204 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
letting run out at leisure without press- want help, or such as are in health, and want
it :
j

ing. To every pint of this decoction add I no money to quench thirst,

one pound of sugar, and boil it over the 3. Novv-a-day it is commonly used-
|

rire till it come to a syrup, which you may j

1. To prepare the body for purgation,
know, if you now and then cool a little of? 2. To open obstructions and the pores
"t with a spoon : Scum it all the while it: 3. To digest tough humours,
boils, and when it is sufficiently boiled, ; 4. To qualify hot distempers, &c.
whilst it is hot, strain it
again through a have nothing to
4. Simple Juleps, (for I
woollen cloth, but press it not. Thus you j say to compounds here) are thus made;
have the syrup perfected. Take a pint of such distilled water, as con-
j

3dly, Syrups made of juice, are usually duces to

the cure of your distemper, which
I

made of such herbs as are full of juice, and this treatise will plentifully furnish you
$

indeed they are better made into a syrup; with, to which add two ounces of syrup,
this way than any other; the operation is 'conducing to the same effect; (I shall give
thus Having beaten the herb in a stone | you rules for it in the next chapter) mix
:

mortar, with a wooden pestle, press out the them together, and drink a draught of it at
j

juice, and
clarify it, as you are taught be- j your pleasure. If you love tart things,
fore in the juices ; then let the juice boil add ten drops of oil of vitriol to your pint ;
J

away till about a quarter of it be consumed ; 5 and shake it together, and it will have a fine
to a pint of this add a pound of sugar, and grateful taste.
j
when it is boiled, strain it through a woollen 5. All juleps are made for present use;
$

cloth, as we taught you before, and keep it | and therefore it is in vain to speak of their
for your use. duration.
j

3. If you make a syrup of roots that are

j c H A P T E R i v.
any thing hard, as parsley, fennel, and grass |
roots, &c. when you have bruised them, j Of Decoctions.
lay them in steep some time in that water
between decoc.
j
^ ALL the difference
which you intend to boil them in hot, so will
ti and syrups made by dec oction, is
the virtue the better come out.
g ^ are made to keep, decoctions
\
thig
4. Keep your syrups either in glasses or
stone pots, and stop them not with cork nor
Qnl resent use; for can har(]J
j
&
ke / a d ^coction a week at any time ff
bladder, unless you would have the glass the feather be
hot, not half so long,
break, and the syrup lost, only bind paper? 2 Decoctions are made of leaves, roots,
Ut C m
* A ,, -r flowers, seeds, fruits or barks, conducing to
<

syrups, if well made, continue a j the cure of the disease

5. All
ou make them for
year with some advantage yet such as are are made in the same manner as we shewgd
;

made by j j

infusion, keep shortest |

you in syrupSt

CHAPTER 3. Decoctions made with wine last longer

ii i.
than such as are made 'with water ; and if
Of j j
Uj Juleps.
!

*you take your decoction to cleanse the

1. JULEPS were first invented, as I or open obstructions,
sup- passages of the urine,
pose, in Arabia; and my reason is, because! your best way is to make it with white
the word Julep is an Arabic word. wine instead of water, because this is pene-
:

2. It signifies only a pleasant potion,

asjtrating.
is vulgarly used by such as are sick, and 4. Decoctions are of most use in such
J
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 205

diseases as lie_ in the passages of the body, fruits or seeds by expression, as oil of sweet
, *^ _ 5^ 1 i i
5
i 1 11* i

as the stomach, bowels, kidneys, passages and bitter almonds, linseed and rape-seed
of urine and bladder, because decoctions oil, &c. of which see in my Dispensatory.
than any other 4. Compound oils, are made of oil of
pass quicker to those places
form of medicines. olives, and other simples, imagine herbs,
5. If you will sweeten your decoction flowers, roots, &c.
with sugar, or any syrup fit for the occasion 5. The way of making them is this :

you take it for, which is better, you may, Having bruised the herbs or flowers you
and no harm. would make your oil of, put them into an
\

6. If in a decoction, you earthen pot, and to two or three handfuls of

boil both roots, i

herbs, flowers, and seed together, let the them pour a pint of oil, cover the pot with
t

roots boil a good while first, because they a paper, set it in the sun about a fortnight
j

or so, according as the sun is in hotness ;

retain their virtue longest ; then the next in \

order by the same rule, viz. 1. Barks. 2. then having warmed it very well by the fire,
j

The herbs. 3. The seeds. 4. The flowers, press out the herb, &c. very hard in a press,
i

5. The spices, if you put any in, because \ and add as many more herbs to the same
their virtues come soonest out. oil; bruise the herbs (I mean not the oil) in
I

7. Such things as by boiling cause like manner, set them in the sun as before ;

sliminess to a decoction, as figs, quince- the oftener you repeat this, the stronger your
seed, linseed, &c. your best way is, after oil will be ; At last when you conceive it
you have bruised them, to tie them up in a strong enough, boil both herbs and oil
i

linen rag, as you tie up calfs brains, and so' together, till the juice be consumed, which
boil them. you may know by its bubbling, and the
i

8. Keep all decoctions in a glass close herbs will be crisp ; then strain it while it
i

stopped, and in the cooler place you keep is hot, and keep
it in a stone or
glass vessel
:

them, the longer they will last ere they be for your use.
j

sour. 6. As for chymical oils, I have nothing to

Lastly, The usual dose to be given at one say here. i

time, is usually two, three, four, or fivej 7 The general use of these oils, is for
ounces, according to the age and strength pains in the limbs, roughness of the skin,
|

of the patient, the season of the year, the the itch, &c. as also for ointments and
j

strength of the medicine, and the quality of j plaisters.

the disease. 8. If you have occasion to use it for
wounds or ulcers, in two ounces of oil,
ounce of turpentine, the
{
dissolve half an
Of Oils. heat of the fire will quickly do it for oil
\ ;

itself is ns ive to wounds and the turP en '

1. OIL Olive, which is commonly known j
tme (l uah f .
'

by the name of Sal lad Oil, I suppose,

be-j
cause it is usually eaten with sallads by * CHAPTEE VI.
them that love it, be pressed out of!
if it

ripe olives, according to Galen, is tempe- ! Of Electuaries.

rate, and exceeds in no one quality. PHYSICIANS make more a quoil than
2. Of oils, some are simple, and some are needs by half, about electuaries.
j
I shall
compound. prescribe but
\ one general way of making
3 Simple oils, are such as are made of them up; as for ingredients, you may very
206 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
them asplease, and as you find occa-
you 1 2.Conserves of herbs and flowers, are
sion, by the last chapter. j
thus made
: if you make your conserves of
1. That you may make electuaries when { herbs, as of scurvy-grass, wormwood, rue,
you need them, requisite that you keep
it is * and the
like, take only the leaves and ten-
always herbs, roots, flowers, seeds, &c. der tops (for you may beat your heart out
\

ready dried in your house, that so you may j

before you can beat the stalks small) and
be in a readiness to beat them into powder having beaten them, weigh them, and to
j

when you need them. every pound of them add three pounds of
1

2. It is better to keep them whole than {sugar, you cannot beat them too much,
beaten ; for being beaten, they are more 3. Conserves of fruits, as of barberries,
to lose their strength ; because the sloes and the like, is thus made First, :
subject
air soon penetrates them. Scald the fruit, then rub the pulp through
3. If they be not dry enough to beat into a thick hair sieve made for the purpose,
|

powder when you need them, dry them by \ called a pulping sieve ; you may do it for
a gentle fire till they are so. \ a need with the back of a
spoon then take :

4. Having beaten them, sift them through this pulp thus drawn, and add to it its
5

a fine tiffany scarce, that no great pieces j weight of sugar, and no more ; put it into
may be found in you electuary. a pewter vessel, and over a charcoal fire ;
5. To one ounce of your powder add; stir it up and down till the sugar be melted,
three ounces of clarified honey this quan- and your conserve is made.
;
j

tity I hold to be sufficient. If you would j 4. Thus you have the way of making
make more or less electuary, vary your pro- conserves ; the way of keeping them is in
5

portion accordingly. earthen pots. j

6. Mix them well together in a mortar, 5. The dose is usually the quantity of a
j

and take this for a truth, you cannot mix nutmeg at a time morning and evening,
\

them too much. or (unless they are purging) when you

|

7. The way r*
to
clarify honey, is to set
\ please.
li*11.1_!^>^v
it

over the firea convenient vessel, till the

in 6. Of conserves, some keep many years,
scum rise, and when the scum is taken off, j as conserves of roses other but a year, as :

it is clarified. conserves of Borage, Bugloss, Cowslips and

\

8. The usual dose of cordial electuaries, the like. i

is from half a dram to two drams ; of purg-j 7. Have a care of the working of some

ing electuaries, from half an ounce

to an
j
conserves presently after they are made ;
ounce. look to them once a day, and stir them
\

9. The manner of keeping them is in a\ about conserves of Borage, Bugloss,

pot Wormwood, have got an excellent faculty
10. The time of taking them, is either in at that sport.
a morning fasting, and fasting an hour after j 8. You may know when your conserves
them ; or at night going to bed, three or four are almost spoiled by this
;
you shall find ;

hours after supper. 1 a hard crust at top with little holes in it,
CHAPTER vii. i
as though worms had been eating there.
Of Conserves.
a
CHAPTER viii
1. of making conserves is two-
The way j
QJ- Preserves.
fold, one of herbs and flowers, and the other 5

of fruits. OF Preserves are sundry sorts, and the

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 207

all being somewhat different, you cut it into it, and let it remain until
operation of
we will handle them all apart. These are you have occasion to use it.
preserved with sugar : Roots are thus preserved First, Scrape
3. ;

1. Flowers. 3. Roots. them very

clean, and cleanse them from the
j
2. Fruits. 4. Barks. pith, if1
they have any, for some roots have
1. Flowers are very seldom preserved ; not, as Eringo and the like
?
; Boil them in
I never saw any that I remember, save water till
?
they be soft, as we shewed you
only cowslip flowers, and that was a great before in the fruits then boil the water you
i
;

fashion in Sussex when I was a boy. It is boiled the root in into a syrup, as we shewed
|

thus done, Take a flat glass, we call them you before then keep the root whole in the
i ;

jat glasses strew on a laying of fine sugar, syrup till you use them,
;
j

on that a laying of flowers, and on that! 4. As for barks, we have but few come
another laying of sugar, on that another to our hands to be done, and of those the
:

laying of flowers, so do till your glass be few that I can remember, are, oranges,
\

full ; then tie it over with a paper, and in lemons, citrons, and the outer bark of wal-
j

a little time, you shall have very excellent nuts, which grow without side the shell,
i

and pleasant preserves. for the shells themselves would make but
j
There is another way of preserving {scurvy preserves; these be they lean re-
flowers; namely, with vinegar and salt, member, if there beany more put them
|

as they pickle capers and broom-buds but into the number.

; ;

as I have little skill in it myself, I cannot The way of preserving these, is not all
teach you. one in authors, for some ate bitter, some are
2 Fruits, as quinces, and the like, are hot such as are bitter, say authors, must
I ;

preserved two ways ; be soaked in warm water, oftentimes chang-

j

(1.) Boil them well in water, and then ing till their bitter taste be fled
j
But I like
;

pulp them through a sieve, as we shewed not this way and my reason is this Because
;

you before; then with the like quantity of I doubt when their bitterness is
gone, so is
sugar, boil the water they were boiled in their virtue also I;shall then prescribe one
into a syrup, viz. a pound of sugar to a pint common way, namely, the same with the
of liquor to every pound of this syrup, former, viz. First, boil them whole till they
;

add four ounces of the pulp then boil it be soft, then make a syrup with sugar and
;

with a very gentle fire to their right con- the liquor you boil them in, and keep the
sistence, which you may easily know if you barks in the syrup.
j

drop a drop of it upon a trencher if iti ; 5. They are kept in glasses or in glaz'd pots,
be enough, it will not stick to your fingers 6. The preserved flowers will keep a year,
j
when it is cold. {
if you can forbear eating of them tbe
;

(2.) Another way to preserve fruits is roots and barks much longer,
I

this; First, Pare off the rind; then cut! 7- This art was plainly and first invented
them in halves, and take out the core: then for delicacy, yet came afterwards to be of
j
boil them in water till they are soft if you excellent use in
; t
physic ; For,
know when beef is boiled enough, you may |

(1.) Hereby medicines are made pleasant

'

easily know when they are Then boil the for sick and squeamish stomachs, which
;

water with its like weight of sugar into a else would loath them,
i

syrup; put the syrup into a pot, and put (2.) Hereby they are preserved from de-
\

the boiled fruit as whole as you left it when 'caying a long time
3 H
208 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
mean, not the mortar,) cover it with a
CHAPTER ]
\

paper and set it either in ihe sun, or some

other warm place three, four, or five days,
Of Lohocks
;

|
that it may melt ; then take it out and boil
1. THAT which the Arabians call Lo- it a little ; then whilst it is hot, strain it out,
1

hocks, and the Greeks Eclegma, the Latins pressing it out very hard in a press to this :

caJl Linctus, and in plain English signifies grease add as many more herbs bruised as
nothing else but a thing to be licked up. before ; let them stand in like manner as
2. They are in body thicker than a long, then boil them as you did the former;
an If you think your ointment is not strong
syrup, and not so thick as electuary. \

3. The manner of taking them is, often to enough, you may do it the third and fourth
:

take a little with a liquorice stick, and let it yet this I will tell you, the fuller of
time,
j

go down at leisure. herbs are, the sooner will your

U ince the

4. They are easily thus made; Make ointment be strong; the last time you boil
$

a decoction of pectoral herbs, and thetrea-jit, boil it so long till your herbs be crisp,
tjse will furnish you with enough, and when land the juice consumed, then strain it

you have strained it, with twice its weight pressing it hard in a press, and to every
I

of honey or sugar, boil it to a lohock if. j pound of ointment add two ounces of tur-
;

you are molested with much phlegm, honey pentine, and as much wax, because grease
{

is better than sugar and if you add a little is offensive to wounds, as well as oil.
;
j

2. Ointments are vulgarly known to be

vinegar to it, you will do well
if not, I hold
;
j

to be better than honey. in pots, and will last above a year,

sugar | kept

o. It is kept in pots, and may be kept a some above two years,

j

year and longer.

6. It is roughness of the
excellent for
j

wind-pipe, inflammations and ulcers of ihej Qf Plaisters.

lungs,difficultyofbreathing,asthmas,coughs, |

and distillation of humours. 1- THE Greeks made their plaisters of

5 divers simples, and put metals into the most
CHAPTER x of them, if not all for having reduced their
\ ;

metals into powder, they mixed them with

Of Ointments. I

Vthat fatty substance whereof the rest of the

1. VARIOUS are the ways of making! plaister consisted, whilst it was thus hot,
ointments, which authors have left to pos-j continually stirring it up and down, lest it
terity, which I shall omit, and quote one should sink to the bottom; so they con-
j
which is easiest to be made, and therefore jtinually stirred it till it was stiff; then they
most beneficial to people that are ignorant made it up in rolls, which when they needed
|

in physic, for whose sake I write this. It is for use, they could melt by the fire
again,
\

thus done. J 2. The Arabians made up theirs with

Bruise those herbs, flowers, or roots, you oil and fat, which needed not so long
i

will make an ointment of, and to two hand-*

boiling.
fuls of your bruised herbs add a pound of I 3. The Greeks em plaisters consisted of
hog's grease dried, or cleansed from the! these ingredients, metals, stones, divers
skins, beat them very well together in
assorts of earth, feces, juices, liquors, seeds,
stone mortar with a wooden pestle, then put \ roots, herbs, excrements of creatures, wax,
it into a stone
pot, (the herb and grease I \ rosin, gums.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 209

; is never cold till a man be dead

stomach ;

Jin such a case, it is better to carry troches

Of Poultices. Jof wormwood, or galangal, in a paper in
f .I his
.
pocket, than to lay a gallipot along with
1. POULTICES are those kind of tnin
gs'hj m '

which the Latins.call Cataplasmata and our! 4 Th are made thus At ni b ht wheu .

learned fellows, thatif they can reaclEnghsh,

because * t(/ bed take two drams of fiw
j

tliats all call them Cataplasms

anth flt it into a
gallipot, and put
.

'
J *
-
'tis a crabbed word lew understand; it is in-
a t of a ] t f
deed a very fine kind of medicine to ripen watef
mg
^ the wou]d
for purpose
make your troches for to cover it, and the
2 They are made of herbs anc roots,
fitted for the disease
I

and members affl.cted,

|
<

J ]} ^
find k n guch
-

being chopped small, and boiled m water

almost to a jelly ;hen by adding a htt e
je]]

mak / a
^
&g the f icians ca]1 mucilage
j

I
/ (with
barley meai or meal of lupins and a lit tlej into cak s ca] ed troch ^s>
,
a little

,
pai ?
v /er \ nto a paste a d that
s
With
taken)
^
.

oil, or rough sweet suet, which I hold to

be| 5 Hayin made them d them in t))e
better, spread upon a cloth and apply and them \ a
the grieved places. toj shad eep in po t for your
I

3. Their use is to ease pain, to break I

sores, to cool inflammations, to dissolve |

en AFTER xiv.
hardness, to ease the spleen, to concoct j QL- p;// s
humours, and dissipate swellings.
4. I beseech you take this caution along j 1- THEY are called Pilul<e, because they

with you; Use no poultices (if you can resemble little balls ; the Greeks call them
j

help it) that are of an healing nature, before Caf&pOtUt?

j
2 Tt is the opinion of modern physicians,
you have first cleansed the body, because
-
j

that lhls wa J of making medicines, was

they are subject to draw the humours tol
them from every part of the body. invented only to deceive the palate, that
{ so by swallowing them down whole, the
CHAPTER xni. \ bitterness of the medicine might not be
or at least it might not be unsuf-
Of Troches i perceived,

jferable: and indeed most of their pills,

1. THE Latins call them Placentula, or though not all, are very bitter.
|

little cakes, and the Greeks Prochikois,\ 3. I am of a clean contrary opinion to

Kukliscoi, and Artiscoi ; they are usually this. j

I rather think they were done up in
little round flat cakes, or you may make this hard form, that so they might be the
j

them square if you will. j digesting; and my opinion is

longer in
2. Their first invention was, that powders grounded upon reason too, not upon fancy,
j

being so kept might resist the intermission or hearsay. The first invention of pills was
:

of air, and so endure pure the longer. to purge the head, now, as I told you
3. Besides, they are easier carried in the; before, such infirmities as lie near the pas-
of such as travel as many a man sages were best removed by decoctions,
; j

or example) is forced to travel whose because they pass to the grieved part
Sockets i

stomach is too cold, or at least not so hot as soonest ; so here, if the infirmity lies in the
j

it should be, which is most proper, for the { head, or any other remote part, the best way
210 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
is to use pills, because they are longer in >
1. With the
disease, regard the cause,
digestion, and therefore the better able to
j
and the part of the body afflicted ; for
call the offending humour to them. ;
example, suppose a woman be subject to
4. If I should tell you here a long tale of! miscarry, through wind, thus do ;
medicine working by sympathy and anti-; (1.) Look Abortion
in the table of dis-

pathy, you would not understand a word of leases, 'and you shall
be directed by that,
it They
: that are set to make physicians j how many herbs prevent miscarriage,
(2.) Look Wind in
the same table, and
may find it in the treatise. All modern j

to a you shall see how many of these herbs ex-

physicians know not what belongs j

sympathetical cure, no more than a cuckow pel wind.

-

what belongs to flats and sharps in music, These are the herbs medicinal for your
;

but follow the vulgar road, and call it a (grief,

hidden because 'tis hidden from the 2. In all diseases strengthen the part of
quality, \

eyes of dunces, and indeed none but astro- the body afflicted.
and physic 3. In mix'd diseases there lies some dif-
logers can give a reason for il ;

without reason is like a pudding without ficulty, for sometimes two parts of the body
lal. are afflicted with contrary humours, as
6. The way to make pills is very easy, sometimes the liver is afflicted with choler
for with the help of a pestle and mortar, and water, as when a man hath both thej

and a little diligence, you may make any dropsy and the yellow-jaundice ; and this
|

powder into pills, either with syrup, or the is usually mortal.

>

before. In the former, Suppose the brain be too

jelly I told you
\ cool and moist, and
the liver be too hot and
CxlArlXjlvAV* I _ .

r .
TI r j- \ dry > ^us do ;
The way of mixing Medicines according to\ L K r head outwardly warm.
the Cause of the Disease, and Parts of the 2 Accustom yourself to the smell of hot
j

Body afflicted herbs.

THIS being indeed
the key of the work, ;
3. Take a pill that heats the head at night
I shall be somewhat the more diligent in \ going to bed.
it. I shall deliver myself thus ; 4. In the morning take a decoction that
1. To the Vulgar. ; cools the liver, for that quickly passes the
2. To such as study Astrology; or such \ stomach, and is at the liver immediately,
as study physic astrologically. You must not think, courteous people,
1st, To the Vulgar. Kind souls, I am jthat I can spend time to give you examples
sorry hath been your hard mishap to have
it of all diseases These are enough to let you
;

been so long trained in such Egyptian dark- \

see so much
light as you
without art are
ness which to your sorrow may be felt ; I able to receive; If I should set you to look
The vulgar road of physic is not my prac- 1
at the sun, I should dazzle your eyes, and
tice, and I am therefore the more unfit to |
make you blind.

give you have now published

advice. I 2dly, To such as study Astrology, (who
1

a little book, (Galen's Art of Physic,) which} are the only men I know that are fit to
will fully instruct you, not only in the study physic, ph} sic without astrology being
\
r

knowledge of your own bodies, but also in {like a lamp without oil you are the men :

fit medicines to remedy each part of its I exceedingly respect, and such documents
when afflicted; in the -mean season take \ as my brain can give you at present (being
these few rules to stay your stomachs. absent from my study) I shall give you.
>
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 211

1 Fortify the body with herbs of the] 5. If this cannot well be, make use of the
nature of the Lord of the Ascendant, 'tis no \ medicines of the Light of Time
matter whether he be a Fortune or Infortune j 6. Be sure always to fortify the grieved
in this case. j part
of the body by sympathetical remedies.
2. Let your medicine be something
i .
anti-l
iii
7- Regard the heart, keep that upon the
.10*. i/*i.
wheels, because the Sun is the foundation of
f
pathetical to the Lord of the
sixth.
3. Let your medicine be something of life, and therefore those universal remedies,
the nature of the sign ascending. Aurum Potabile, and the Philosopher's
4. If the Lord of the Tenth be strong, Stone, cure all diseases by fortifying the
!

make use of his medicines. [

heart.

THE

ENGLISH PHYSICIAN
AND

FAMILY DIPENSATORY.

AN ASTRO LOGO-PHYSICAL DISCOURSE OF THE HUMAN VIRTUES IN

THE BODY OF MAN; BOTH PRINCIPAL AND ADMINISTERING.
THE ""P 6 To P re
HUMAN
for
virtues are either
procreation, and conswalion
PRINCIPAL!
; or AD _
/this d iscourse
.

serve in soundness and vigour,

is >

he mmd ;

UNSTRING, for Attraction, Digestion, and understanding of man; to strengthen

Retention, or Expulsion.
te
the b" reseie
" n ' P resei e the
7 an able
health ' l m
teach a man to be co-artificer, or
fi
!

Virtues conservative, are Vital, Natural, helper of nature, to withstand and expel
i

and Animal. Diseases.

By the natural are bred Blood, Choler, I shall touch only the principal faculties
Flegm, and Melancholy. both of body and mind ; which being kept
The animal virtue is Intellective, and Sen- in a due decorum, preserve the body in
j
sitive. health, and the mind in vigour.
|
The Intellective is Imagination, Judgment,! I shall in this place speak of them only
and Memory. Jin the general, as they are laid down to
The sensitive is Common, and Particular, your view in the Synopsis, in the former
j
The particular is Seeing, Hearing, Smell- pages, and in the same order,
1

ing, Tasting, and Feeling. Virtue Procreative~\ The first in order, is

3 i
212 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the Virtue Procreative : for natural regards 5 Choler is made of meat more than per-
not only the conservation of itself, buttojfectly concocted; and it is the spume or
its like, and conserve in Species. froth of blood it clarifies all the
beget j
humours,
:

The seat of this is the Member of Gene- heats the body, nourishes the apprehension.
?

ration, and is governed principally by the as blood doth the judgment: It is in quality
j
influence of Venus. hot and dry fortifies the attractive faculty,
j
;

It is augmented and encreased by the as blood doth the digestive; moves man to
j

strength of Venus, by her Herbs, Roots, activity and valour: its receptacle is the
j

Trees, Minerals, &c. jgall*

a d it is under the influence of Mara.
It is diminished and purged by those of Flegm is made of meat not perfectly di-
\

Mars, and quite extinguished by those of igested; it fortifiesthe virtue expulsive,makes

Saturn. \ the body slippery, fit for ejection; it fortifies

Observe the hour and Medicines of Vemts,\ the brain by its consimilitude Avith it ; yet
to fortify; of Mars, to cleanse this virtue ; it spoils apprehension by its antipathy to it:
<

of Saturn, to extinguish it. I It qualifies choler, cools and moistens the

Conservative.'] The conservative virtue is heart, thereby sustaining it, and the whole
j

Vital, Natural, Animal. body, from the fiery effects, which continual
j

Vital.~\
The Vital spirit hath its residence motion would
| produce. Its receptacle is
in the heart, and is
dispersed from it by the the lungs, and is
governed by Venus, some
j

Arteries; and is governed by the influence say by the Moon, perhaps it may be go-
j

of the Sun. And it is to the body, as the verned by them both, it is cold and moist in
5

Sun is to the Creation ; as the heart is in \

quality.
the Microcosm, so is the Sun in the
Mega- \ Melancholy is the sediment of blood, cold
cosm: for as the Sun gives life, light, and j
and dry in quality, fortifying the retentive
motion to the Creation, so doth the heart to I
faculty, and memory; makes men sober,
the body; therefore it is called Sol Corporis, \ solid, and staid, fit for study ; stays the un-
as the Suncalled Cor Call, because their
is j
wan-
bridled toys of lustful blood, slays the
operations are similar. i
dering thoughts, and reduces them home to
Inimical and destructive to this virtue, 1 the centrereceptacle is in the spleen,
: its

are Saturn and Mars. i and it is governed by Saturn.

The Herbs and Plants of Sol, wonderfully \
Of all these humours blood is the chief,
fortify it.
jail the
rest are superfluities of blood; yet

Natural.'] The natural faculty or virtue \ are they necessary

superfluities, for without.
resides in the liver, and is generally governed | any of them, man cannot live.

by Jupiter, Quasi Juvans Pater; its-office is j Namely; Choler is the fiery superfluities,
to nourish the body, and is dispersed through i
Flegm, the Watery; Melancholy, the
the body by the veins. Earthly.
From this are bred four particular Animal.] The third principal virtue re-
humours, Blood, Choler, Flegm, and Melon- mains, which is Animal its residence is in ;

choly. \ the brain, and Mercury is the general sig-

Blood is made of meat perfectly con- nificator of it. Ptolomi/ held the Moon sig-
5

cocted, in quality hot and moist, governed nified the Animal virtue
\ and I am of ;

by Jupiter: It is by a third concoction opinion, both Mercury and the Moon dis-
:

transmuted into flesh, the sxiperfluity of it? pose it and my reason is, 1, Because both
;

into seed, and its receptacle is the veins, by of them in nativities, either fortify, or impedite
j

which it is
dispersed through the body.
*
it. 2, 111 directions to either, or from either.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 218

afflict it, as good ones help it. Indeed the So that it is one of the surest rales to
Moon rules the bulk it, as also the sensi-
of know a man's own complexion, by his
live part of it : Mercury the rational part :
dreams, I mean a n an void of distractions,
and that's the reason, if in a nativity the or deep studies : (this most assuredly shews
j

Moon be stronger than Mercury, sense many \ Mercury to dispose of the Imagination, as
times over-powers reason ; but if Mercury \ also because it is mutable, applying itself to
be strong, and the Moon weak, reason will j any object, as Mercury's nature is to do;) for
be master ordinarily in despite of sense. j
then the imagination will follow its old bent;
It is divided into Intellective, and Sen- for if a man be bent upon a business, his
i

sitive. apprehension will work as much when he is

1. Intellective.] The Intellectual resides asleep, and find out as many truths by study,
I

in the brain, within the Pia mater, is

govern- asj
when the man is awake and perhaps ;

ed generally by Mercury. \
more too, because then it is not hindered
It is divided into Imagination, Judgment, by ocular
{ objects,
and Memory. And thus much for imagination, which is

Imagination seated in the forepart of \

is
governed by Mercury, and fortified by his
the brain ; it is hot and dry in quality, ! influence ; and
also strong or weak in
is

quick, active, always working; it receives \ man, according as Mercury is strong or

vapours from the heart, and coins them into i weak in the nativity.
thoughts: it never sleeps, but always is *
Judgment is seated in the midst of the
working, both when the man is sleeping and \ brain, to shew that it ought to bear rule over
waking; only when Judgment is awake it all the other faculties it is the judge of the
j
:

regulates the Imagination, which runs at little world, to approve of what is good,
j

random when Judgment is asleep, and forms and reject what is bad; it is the seat of
|

any thought according to the nature of the reason, and the guide of actions; so that all
j

vapour sent up to it. Mercury is out of failings are committed through its infirmity,
i

question the disposer of it. it not

rightly judging between a real and
j

A man may easily perceive his Judg-jan apparent good. It is hot and moist
ment asleep before himself many times, and in quality, and under the influence ot
\

then he shall perceive his thoughts run all Jupiter.

random. Memory is seated in the hinder cell of the
Judgment always sleeps when men do, brain, it is the
great register to the little
Imagination never sleeps Memory
; some- world and
\
its office is to record things
;

times sleeps when men sleep, and sometimes either done and past, or to be done,
j

it doth not: so then when memory is awake, It is in quality cold and dry, melancholic,
*

and the man asleep, then memory remem- and therefore generally melancholic men
1

bers what apprehension coins, and that is a! have best memories, and most tenacious
dream: The thoughts would have been the every way. It is under the dominion of
;

same, if memory had not been awake to re- Saturn, and is fortified by his influence, but
i

member it. purged by the luminaries.

j

These thoughts are commonly (I mean in 2. Sensitive.']

! The second part of the ani-
sleep, when they are purely natural,) framed mal virtue, is sensitive, and it is divided into
j

according to the nature of the humour, two parts,? common and particular,
called complexion, which is predominate in Common sense is an imaginary term,
i

the body; and if the humour be peccant it land that which gives virtue to all the par-
is
always so. ticular senses, and knits and unites them
I
214 . THE COMPLETE HERBAL
together within the Pia Mater. It is
regu- j It is under the dominion of Venus, some say,
lated by Mercury, (perhaps this is one rea-
Mercury : A
thousand to one, hut it "is
\

son why men are so fickle-headed) and its under i

Mercury.
office is to preserve a harmony among the |
Ihe cfour ADMINISTERING VIRTUES are.
mi.
Scllaca. . , ,
.

> digestive, retentive, and expulsive,

attract
Particular senses are five, vtz. seeing, \

hearing, smelling^ tasting^ The attractive virtue is hot and dry, hot
andfeeling.
These senses are united in one, in the by quality, active, or principal, and that
1

brain, by the common sense, but are ope- \ appears because the fountain of all heat is
ratively distinguished into their several j attractive, viz. the sun. Dry by a quality
seats, and places of residence. ;
passive, or an effect of its heat ; its office
The sight resides in the eyes, and par- 1
is to remain in the
body, and call for what
ticularly in the christaline humour. It is nature wants. }

in quality cold and moist, and governed by 1 It is under the influence of the Sun, say
the luminaries. They who have them weak | authors, and not under Mars, because he is
in their genesis, have always weak sights;! of a corrupting nature, yet if we cast an
if one of them be so, the weakness
pos- j impartial eye upon experience, we shall
sesses but one eye. jfind, that martial men call for meat none of
The hearing resides in the ears; is in j the least, and for drink the most of all other
quality, cold and dry, melancholy, and j men, although many times they corrupt the
under the dominion of Saturn. t
body by it, and therefore I see no reason
The smelling resides in the nose, is in why Mars being of the same quality with
5

quality hot and dry, choleric, and that is the Sun, should not have a share in the
\

the reason choleric creatures have so good j dominion. It is in vain to object, that the
smells, as dogs. It is under the influence j influence of Mars is evil, and therefore he
of Mars. should have no dominion over this virtue ;

The the palate, which is

taste resides in for then,
placed at the root of the tongue on purpose; 1. By the same rule,he should have no
to discern what food is congruous for the dominion at all in the body of man.
stomach, and what not as the meseraik
; i 2. All the virtues in man are naturally
veins are placed to discern what nourish- 1 evil, and corrupted by Adam's fall,

inent is proper for the liver to convert into 5 This attractive virtue ought to be forti-
blood. In some very few men, and but when the Moon is in fiery signs, viz.
? fied
a few, and in those few, but in few instances Aries and Sagitary, but not in Leo, for the
|

these two tasters agree not, and that is the j sign is so violent, that no physic ought to
reason some men covet meats that make be given when the Moon is there
J
(and :

them sick, viz. the taste craves them, and j why not Leo, seeing that is the most attrac-
the meseraik veins reject them In quality live sign of all ; and that's the reason such
: 5

hot and moist, and is ruled by Jupiter. j

as have it ascending in their genesis, are
The feeling is deputed to no particular such greedy eaters.) If you connot stay till
organ, but is spread abroad, over the whole the Moon be in one of them, let one of them
body ; is of all qualities, hot, cold, dry, and ascend when you administer the medicine.
moist, and is the index of all tangible j The digestive virtue is hot and moist, and
things for
; if it were only hot alone, it is the
j principal of them all, the other like
could not feel a quality contrary, viz. cold, * handmaids attend it.
and this might be spoken of other qualities. J The attractive virtue draws that which it
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 215

should digest, and serves continually to feed j

Although I did what I could throughout
and supply it. \the whole book to express myself in such a
The retentive virtue, retains the substance ;
language as might be understood by all, and
with it, till it be perfectly digested. I
therefore avoided terms of art as much as
The virtue casteth out, ex pels
expidsi-ve
1
might be, Yet, 1. Some words of necessity fall
what is It is in which need explanation. 2. It would be
superfluous b} digestion. J

under the influence of Jupner, and fortified :

very tedious at the end of every receipt to repeat
by his herbs and plants, #c. In fortifying jooer and over again, the way of administration
it, let your Moon be in Gemini, Aquary,
or of the receipt, or ordering your bodies after ?V,
\

the first half of Libra, or if matters be come or to instruct you in the mixture of medicines,
i

to that extremity, that you cannot stay till and indeed would do nothing else but stuff the
that time, let one of them ascend, but both book full of taidology.
of them together would do better, always To answer to both these is my task at this
\

provided that the Moon be not in the as- time. j

cendent. I cannot believe the Moon afflicts To the Jirst The words which need ex-
\
:

the ascendent so much as they talk of, if \plaining, such as are obvious to my eye, are
she be well dignified, and in a sign she these, thatfollaw. \

1. To distil in Balno Mariae, is the usual

delights in.
The retentive virtue is in quality cold and \way of distilling in water. It is no more than
dry ; cold, because the nature of cold is to j to place your glass body which holds the matter
compress, witness the ice ; dry, because the j to be distilled in a covenient vessel of water,
nature of dry ness, is to keep and hold whatlwhen the water is cold (for fear of breaking)
is compressed. It is under the influence of \piit a wisp of straw, or the like under is> to keep
Saturn, and that is the reason why usually it from the bottom, then make the water boil,
j

Saturnine men are so covetous and tcnaci-lthat so the spirit may be distilled forth ; take
ous. In fortifying of it, make use of thejof the glass out till the zcater be cold again,
herbs and plants, &c. of Saturn, and let the [for fear of breaking It is impossible for a :

Moon be mTaurusor Virgo, Capricorn is noi\man to learn how to do it, unless he saw it
so good, say authors, (I can give no reason done.
j

for that neither ;) let not Saturn nor his ill 2. Monica Hippocrates. Hippocrales's
aspect molest the ascendent. sleeve, is a piece of woolen cloth, new and
The expidsive faculty is cold and moist; j white, sewed together in form of a sugar-loaf,
cold because that compasses the super- Its use is, to strain any syrup or decoction
fiuities ; moist, because that makes the body through, by pouring it into it, and suffering

slippery and fit for ejection, and disposes it it to run through without pressing or crush-
to it. It is under the dominion of Luna, ing j
it.

with whom you may join Yerus, because | Calcination, is a burning of a thing in
3.
she is of the same nature. a crucible or other such convenient vessel
Also in whatsoever is before written, of that will endure the fire. crucible is suchA
the nature of the planets, take notice, that a thing as goldsmiths melt silver in, and
fixed stars of the same nature, work the founders metals ; you may place it in the
same effect. midst of the fire, with coals above, below,
\

In fortifying this, (which

ought to be and on every side of it.
J

done in all purgations,) let the Moon be in 4. Filtrition, is straining of a liquid body
|

Cancer, Scorpio, or Pisces, or let one of these {through a brown paper: make up the paper
signs ascend. I in form of a funnel, the which having placed

3K
216 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
in a funnel, and the funnel and the paper 5 so medicines might be more delightful, or at
in it in an empty glass, pour in the liquor ; burdensome. You may make the
least less
you would filter, and let it run through at its I mixtures of them in what form you please,
leisure. only for your better instruction at present,
}

5. Coagulation, is curdling or
hardening accept of these few lines,
:
j

it is used in
physic for reducing a liquid ] 1. Consider, that all diseases are cured
by
body to hardness by the heat of the fire, j
their contraries, but all parts of the body
6'. Whereas
you find vital) natural, and maintained by their likes then if heat be
; :

animal spirits often mentioned in the virtues the cause of the disease, give the cold medi-
j

or receipts, I shall explain what they be, cine appropriated lo it; if wind, see how
and what their operation is in the body of many medicines appropriated to that disease
man. expel wind, and use them.
i

The actions or operations of the animal 2. Have a care you use not such mecli-

virtues, are, 1. sensitive, 2. motive. cines to one part of your body which are
|

The sensitive is, 1. external, 2. internal. \ appropriated to another, for if your brain
The external senses are,1, seeing, 2. hear-] be over heated, and you use such medicines
Ing, 3. tasting, 4. smelling, 5. feeling. jas cool the heart or liver, you may make
The internal senses are, 1. the Imagination,
j
bad work.
to apprehend a thing. 2.Judgment, to
judge 3. The distilled water of any herb you

of it. 3. Memory, to remember it. |

would take for a disease, is a fit mixture
The seat of all these is in the brain. s for the syrup of the same herb, or to make
The vital spirits proceed from the heart, i
any electuary into a drink, if you affect
and cause in man
mirth, joy, hope, trust, |
such liquid medicines best ; if you have not
humanity, mildness, courage, <fyc. and their ' the distilled water, make use of the decoc-
opposite viz. sadness, fear, care, sorrow,
:
\
tion.

despair, envy, hatred, stubbornness, revenge, fyc. \

4. Diseases that lie in the parts of the
by heat natural or not natural. body remote from the stomach and bowels,
The natural spirit nourishes the body it is in vain to think to carry away the cause

throughout (as the vital quickens it, and the at once, and therefore you had best do it by
j
animal gives it sense and motion) its office i
degrees; pills, and such like medicines which
is to alter or concoct food into chile, chile 1
are hard in the body, are fittest for such a
into blood, blood into flesh, to form, engen- 1 business, because they are longest before
der, nourish, and increase the body. \ they digest.
7. Infusion, is to steep a gross body into |
5. Use no strong medicines, if weak will
one more liquid. i serve the turn, you had better take one too
8. Decoction, is the liquor in which any weak by than too strong in the least
half,
thing is boiled. 6. Consider the natural tern per of the part
As manner of using or ordering
for the ! of the body afflicted, and maintain it in that,
the body after any sweating, or purging else you extinguish nature, as the heart is
j

medicines, or or the like, they will be

pills, hot, the brain cold, or at least the coldest
j

found in different parts of the work, as also j part of the body,

in the next page. 7- Observe this general rule; That such
The forms of making up medi- j medicines as are hot in the first degree are
different
cines, as some into syrups, others into elec- most habitual to our bodies, because they
5

luaries, pills, troches, &c. was partly to are just of the heat of our blood, j

please the different palates of people, that? 8. All opening medicines, and such as
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 217

provoke urine or the menses, or break the electuaries, as also all pills that have neither
j

stone, may most conveniently be given in Diagrydium nor Colocynthus, in them.

:
But
white wine, because white wine of itself is all violent purges require a due ordering of
I

of an opening nature, and cleanses the the body ; such ought to be taken in the
j

reins. morning after you are up, and not to sleep

I

9. Let all such medicines as are taken after them before they are done
j working, at
to stop fluxes or looseness, be taken before! least before night: two hours after you have
meat, about an hour before, more or less, taken them, drink a draught of warm posset-
j

that so they may strengthen the digestion! drink, or broth, and six hours after eat a
and retentive faculty, before the food come bit of mutton, often walking about the
j

into the stomach, but such as are subject to chamber

\ let there be a
;
good fire in the
vomit up their meat, let them take such chamber, and stir not out of the chamber
j

medicines as stay vomiting presently after till the purge have done working, or not till
!

meat, at the conclusion of their meals, that next day.

I

so they may close up the mouth of the! Lastly, Take sweating medicines when
stomach and that is the reason why usually you are in bed, covered warm, and in the
; 5

men eat a bit of cheese after meat, because time of your sweating drink posset-drink as
I

by its sourness and binding it closes the hot as you can. If you sweat for a fever, boil
\

mouth of the stomach, thereby staying sorrel and red sage in your posset-drink,
\

I sweat an hour or
belching and vomiting. longer if your strength will
10. In taking purges be very careful, and permit, then (the chamber
j being kept very
that you may be so, observe these rules. j
warm) shift yourself all but
your head, about
(1.) Consider what the humour offending
which (the cap which you sweat in being
|

is, and let the medicine be such as purges'

still
kept on) wrap a napkin very hot, to
that humour, else you will weaken nature, ! repel the vapours back,
not the disease. I confess these, or
many of these direc-
(2.) Take notice, if the humour you would
tions may be found in one
| place of the
purge out be thin, then gentle medicines will \book or other, and I
delight as little to write
serve the turn, but if it be tough and viscous, tautology as another, but
\ considering it
then such medicines as are cutting and might make for the public good, 1 inserted
5

opening, the night before you would take them in this place if, notwithstanding, any
j
:

the purge. will be so mad as to do themselves a mis-

i

(3.) In purging lough humours, forbear as chief, the fault is not mine
*

much as may be such medicines as leave a i

binding quality behind them.

(4.) Have a care of taking purges when 1

your body is
astringent; your best way, is- ROOT S.
first to
open it by a clyster.
(5.) In taking opening medicines, you Acanths, Branca; Ursince. Of bearsbreech,
may safely take them at night, eating but j
or brankursine, it is
meanly hot and dry,
a little supper three or four hours before,
helps aches and aumness of the joints, and is
i

and the next morning drinking a draught of; of a binding quality, good for 'wounds and
warm posset-drink, and you need not fear j
broken bones.
Dioscorides saith, they are
to go about your business. Inmanner! profitable
this for ruptures, or such as are
you may take Lenitive Electuary, Diacatho-\ bnrsten, or burnt with fire, a dram of the
iicon, Pulp of Cassia, and the like gentle root in powder
i
being taken in the morning
218 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
fasting, in
a decoction made with the same vulsions both of them resist poison. I
;

root and water. never read any use of the climing birth-
Acori, Veri, Perigrini, vulgaris, Sfc. See wort.
Calamus Aromaticus. I shall not speak con- Artanitte, Cyclamims, $c. Or Sowbread ;
cerning the several sorts of it, one of which hot and dry in the third degree, a most
is Water-flag, or Flower-de-luce, which is: violent purge, dangerous; outwardly
ap-
hot and dry in the second degree, binds,: plied to the place, it
profits much in the
fluxes of the belly, and; bitings of venomous beasts, also being hung
strengthens, stops
immoderate flowing of the menses, a dram | about women in labour, it causes speedy
being taken in red wine every morning. \ deliverance. See the Herb.
Allhim. Garlic. It is hot and dry in the Arundinis, Fallanorue, and Saccharines.
fourth degree, breeds corrupt blood, yet is Of common reeds and sugar reeds. The
an enemy to all poisons, and such as are roots of common reeds applied to the place
bitten by cold venomous beasts, viz. Adders, draw out thorns, and ease sprains
j
the ;

Toads, Spiders, &c. it provokes urine, and ashes of them mixed with vinegar, take
expels wind. scurf, or dandrif off from the head, and
Alcanna. Of privet. See the leaves. prevent the falling off of the hair, they are
Althtece. Of Marsh mallows, are meanly hot and dry in the~second degree, according
i

hot, of a digesting, softening nature, ease to Galen. I never read any virtue of the
pains, help bloody fluxes,
the stone, and root of
t
sugar cane.
gravel being
; bruised and boiled in milk, Ari,
j
fyc. Of Cuckow-points, or Wake-
and the milk drank, is a good remedy for gri- Robin, hot and dry in the third degree,
\

If! I know no great good they do inwardly

pings of the belly, and the bloody flux.
a fever accompany the disease, boil hand- taken, unless to play the rogue withal, or
a j

ful of common mallow leaves with a hand- make sport !

outwardly applied, they take
:

ful of these roots. off scurf, morphew, or freckles from the

j

Angelica. Of Angelica; is hot and dry face, clear the skin, and ease the pains
\

m the third degree, strengthens the heart, of the gout.

j

and good against pestilence and poison,

is 5
Asclepiadis,vincetoxici. Of Swallow-wort,
half a dram taken in the morning fasting. hot and dry, good against poison, and
:

Anchusce. Of Alkanet ; cold and dry, gripings of the belly, as also against the
binding, good for old ulcers. bitings of mad dogs, taken
inwardly.
Anthora. A foreign root, the counter- Asari. Of Asarabacca
the roots are :

for Monkshood, it is an admirable a safer than the leaves, and not so

poison purge
remedy for the wind cholic, and resists violent, they purge by vomit, stool, and
poison. urine ; they are profitable for such as have
Apii. Of smallage. See the barks. agues, dropsies, stoppings of the liver, or
AristolochUE. Of birthwort; of which are spleen, green sickness.
three sorts, long, round, and climing All
:
Asparagi. Of Asparagus, or sperage:
hot and dry in the third degree. The long, they are temperate in quality, opening,
being drank in wine, brings away both they provoke urine, and cleanse the reins
birth and after-birth, and whatsoever a care- 1 and bladder, being boiled in white wine,
.less midwife hath left behind. Dioscorides, and the wine drank.
s

Galen. The round, being drank with wine, f Asphodeli, Hasta Reiga fam. Of Kings
helps (besides the former) stuffings of the | Spear, or Female Asphodel. I know no

lungs, hardness of the spleen, ruptures, con- 1 physical use of the roots ; probably there
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 219
'

is, do not believe

for I God created any in the first
degree, cheers the heart, helps
thing of no use. drooping spirits. Dioscorides.

Asphodeli, A Ibuci, mum.

Of male Aspho- :

Bronife, fyc. Of Briony both white and

del Hot and dry degree, j black
in the second they are both hot and dry, some
:

inwardly taken, they provoke vomit, urine, \ say in the third degree, and some say but
and the menses : outwardly used in oint- ! in the first ; they purge flegm and watery
ments, they cause hair to "grow, cleanse { humours, but they trouble the stomach
ulcers, and takeaway morphew and freckles J much, they are very good for dropsies;
from the face. the white is most in use, and is good for the
i

Bardanoe, fyc. Of Bur, Clot-bur, or Bur- fits of the mother : both of them externally
;

dock, temperately hot and dry. Helps ! used, take away freckles, sunburning, and
such as spit blood and matter ; bruised and morphew from the face, and cleanse filthy
>'

mixed with salt and applied to the place, $ ulcers : It is but a churlish purge, but being
helps the bitings of mad dogs. It expels j let alone, can do no harm,

wind, eases pains of the teeth, strengthens j Buglossi. Of Bugloss Its virtues are :

the back, helps the running of the reins, the same with Borrage, and the roots of
:|

and the whites, being taken inwardly, either seldom used.

Dioscorides, Apuleius. Bulbus Vomitorius. !
Vomiting Root: A
Behen. alb. rub. Of Valerian, white and I never read of it elswhere by this general
;

red. Mesue, Serapio, and other Arabians, name. ;

say they are hot and moist in the latter: Calami Aromatici. Of Aromatical Reed,
end of the first, or beginning of the second or sweet garden flag it
provokes urine, :

degree, and comfort the heart, stir up lust,

strengthens the lungs, helps bruises, resists
j

The Grecians held them to be dry in the poison, &c. being taken inwardly in pow-
\

second degree, that they stop fluxes, the quantity of half a dram at a time,
andjder,
provoke urine. \
You may mix it with syrup of violets, if
Bellidis. Of Dasies. See the Leaves. your body be feverish.j

Belts, nigrce, albce^ rubrce. \

Of Beets,
Capparum. Capper Roots. Are hot
black, white, and red
; black
as Beets
for 'and dry in the second degree, cutting and
I have nothing to say, I doubt they are as cleansing they provoke menses, help
I :

rare as black swans. The red Beet root malignant ulcers, ease the toothache, assuage
boiled and preserved in vinegar, makes a swelling, and help the rickets. See Oil of
fine, cool, pleasing, cleansing, digesting \ Cappers.
sauce. See the leaves. Cariophillatae, $c. Of Avens, or Herb
Bistortte, fyc. Of Bistort, or snakeweed, Bennet. The roots are dry, and something
cold and dry in the third degree, binding hot, of a cleansing quality, they keep gar-
:

half a d-. am at a time taken inwardly, re-i ments from being moth-eaten. See the
sistspestilence and poison, helps ruptures leaves. ;

and bruises, stays fluxes, vomiting, and Caulium. Of Colewort. I know nothing
j 1

immoderate flowing of the menses, helps in- the roots are good for, but only to bear the
j

flammations and soreness of the mouth, herbs and flowers.

and fastens loose teeth, being bruised and Centrurii majoris. Of Centaury the
boiled in white wine, and the mouth washed Greater. The roots help such as are bur-
with it. :

sten, suchas spitblood, shrinking of sinews,

Borraginis. Of Borrage, hot and moist shortness of wind, coughs, convulsions,
a L
 220 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
cramps: half a dram in
powder be-|it opens obstructions of the liver, being
taken inwardly, either in muskadel,! boiled in white wine, and the decoctions
ing
or in a decoction of the same roots, drank; and if chewed in the mouth it
j
helps
They are either not at all, or very scarce the tooth-ache. Celandine the lesser is
j

in England, our centaury is the small which usually we call Pilewort, which
cen-jthat
with us is hot in the first
tuary. degree ; the juice
Cepoe. Of Onions. Are hot and dry \ of the root mised wilh honey and snuffed
(according to Galen) in the fourth degree :\ up in the nose, purges the head,
helps the
they cause dry ness, and are extremely hurt- j
hemorrhoids or piles being bathed with it,
ful for choleric people, they breed but little^ as also doth the root only carried about one:
nourishment, and that little is naught: they j being made into an ointment, it helps the
are bad meat, yet good physic for phleg-j king's evil or Scrophnla.
malic people, they are opening, and pro-1 China, wonderfully extenuates and dries,
voke urine and the menses, if cold be the provokes sweat, resists putrefaction; it
cause obstructing: bruised and outwardly strengthens the liver, helps the dropsy and
applied, they cure the bitings
of mad dogs, j
malignant ulcers, leprosy, itch, and vene-
roasted and applied, they help boils, and I
real, and is
profitable in diseases coming of
of
aposthumes raw, they take the fire out
:
| fasting. It is commonly used in diet drinks
cause for the premises.
burnings, but ordinarily eaten, they j

headache, spoil the sight, dull the senses,! Cichorii. Of Succory; cool and dry in
and fill the body full of wind. :
the second degree, strengthens the liver and
Chameleontis albi mgri, $c. Of Chame- veins, it opens obstructions, stoppings in the
j

Icon, white and black. Tragus calls the liver and spleen, being boiled in white wine
J

carline thistle by the name of white chame- and the decoction drank.
\

leon, the root whereof is hot in the second \

Colchici. Of Meadow Saffron. The
degree, and dry in the third, it
provokes \ roots are held to be hurtful to the stomach,
sweat, kills worms, resists pestilence and { therefore I let them alone.
poison ; it is given with success in pestilen- Consolidte, majoris, minoris. Consolida
i

tial fevers, helps the toothache by being Major, is that which we ordinarily call
\

chewed in the mouth, opens the stoppings jComfry, it is of a cold quality, yet pretty
of the liver and spleen, provokes urine, and temperate, so glutinous, that, according to
:

the menses : give but little of it at a time. Dioscorides, they will join meat together
j

by reason of its heat. As for the black! that is cut in sunder, if they be boiled with
chameleon, all physicians hold it to have it it is excellent for all wounds, both in-
5 ;

a kind of venomous quality, and unfit to belternal and external, for spitting of blood,
used inwardly, Galen, Clusius, Nicander, ruptures or burstness, pains in the back, it
\

Dioscorides, and JEgineta. Outwardly in j strengthens the reins, it stops the menses,
ointments, it is profitable for scabs, mor- j and helps hemorrhoids. The way to use
phew, tetters, &c. and all things that need j
them is to boil them in water and drink the
cleansing. decoction.
i Consolida minor, is that we
Chelidonij majoris, minoris. Of celandine, call Self-heal, and the latins Prunella. See
j

the greater and lesser : The

greater is that | the herb.
which we usuaUy call Celandine : the root ; Costi utriusque. Of Costus both sorts
is hot and dry, cleansing and scouring, being roots coming from beyond sea, hoi
?

proper for such as have the yellow jaundice, land dry, break wind, being boiled in oil,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 221

it isheld to help the gout by anointing the j

the pestilence: it
helps the vertigo or
grieved place with it. \ swimming of the head, is admirable against-
Cucumeris a grestis. Of wild Cucumber Uhe bitings of venomous beasts, and such as
roots they purge flegm, and that with such
;
j
have taken too much opium, as also for
violence, that I would advise the country j lethargies,
the juice helps hot rheums in the
man that knows not how to correct them, to j
eyes ; a scruple of the root in powder is
let them alone. \ enough to take at one time.

Cinarce, $c. Of
Artichokes. The roots j Dracontii, Dracunculi. Divers authors
purge by urine, whereby the rank savour of 1 attribute divers herbs to this name. It is
the body is much amended. jmost probable that they mean dragons,
Cyiioglosste, Sfc. Of. Hounds-tongue, the roots
j
of which cleanse mightily, and
Cold and dry being roasted and laid to take away proud, or dead flesh, the very
: !

the fundament, helps the hemorrhoids, is smell of them is hurtful for pregnant women:
:

also good for burnings and scaldings. outwardly in ointments, they take away
Curcuma. Of Turmerick, hot in the scurf, morphew, and sun-burning I would ;

third degree, opens obstructions, is profita- not wish any, unless very well read in physic,
;

ble against the yellow jaundice, and cold to take them inwardly.
;
Matthiohis, Dios-
distemper of the liver and spleen, half a corides.
;

dram being taken at night going to bed in \ Ebuli. Of Dwarf Elder, Walwort, or
the pulp of a roasted apple, and if you add Danewort ; hot and dry in the third degree,
|

a little saffron to it, it will be the belter by Jthe roots are as excellent a purge for the
far. \ dropsy
as any under the sun. You may
Cyperiutriusque, longi, rotundi. Of Cyprus |take a dram or two drams (if the patient be
Grass, or English Galanga, both sorts, long i strong) in white wine at a time,
and round is of a warm nature, provokes!
:
Echij. Of Viper's Bugloss, or wild Bug-
urine, breaks the stone, provokes the menses loss.
; s This root is cold and
dry, good for such
the ashes of them (being burnt) are used for;s are bitten by vencmons beasts, either being
ulcers in the mouth, cankers, &c. boiled in wine anddrank^ or bruised and
applied
j
Dauci. Of Carrots. Are moderately to the place : being boiled in wine and drank,
!

hot and moist, breed but little nourishment, it encreaseth milk in nurses.
>

and are windy. Ellebori, Veratri, albi nigri. Of Hclle-

Dentaria majoris, fyc. Of Toothwort, bore white and black. The root of white Helle-
\

toolhed violets, or corralvvort they are bore, or sneezewort, being grated and snuffed
: \

drying, binding, and strengthening; axe up the nose, causeth sneezing; kills tats and
\

good to ease pains in the sides and bowels mice being mired with their meat.
; i

also being boiled, the decoction is said to! Black Hellebore, Bears-foot or Christmas
be good to wash green wounds and ulcers \flower : both this and the former are hot and
wilh. dry in the third degree. This is neither so
$

Dictiamni. Of Dittany
hot and dry
: is I violent nor dangerous as the former.
in the third degree, hastens travail in Enulae Campanae Helenij. Of Elecam-
j

women, provokes the menses. (See the

j pane.
It is hot and dry in the third degree,
leaves.) \wholesomejor the stomach, resists poison, helps
Doronici. Of Doronicum, a supposed old coughs, and sortness of breath, helps rnp-
t

kind of Wolf's bane: It is hot and dry in \tures, and provokes lust ; in ointments, it is
good
the third degree,
strengthens the heart, is a against scabs and itch.
;

covercign cordial, and preservative against* Endivae, &c. Of Endive, Garden

222 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
which is the root here specified, is held to be amorous diseases. I You may take half a dram
somewhat colder; though not so dry and cleans- at a time. Matthiolus.
\

ing as that which is mid ; it cools hot stomachs, Gentiana. Of Gentian ; some call it Pel-
\

hot livers, amends the blood heat wort, and Baldmoney.

i It is hot,
corrupted by y
cleansing,
and therefore is good in fevers, it cools the and scouring, a notable counterpoison, it
\ opens
reins, and therefore prevents the stone, it opens \ obstructions, helps the biting ofvenemous beasts,
obstructions, and provokes urine: youmaybndse\and mad dogs, helps digestion, and cleanseth
the root, and boil it in white wine, 'tis
very the body of raw humours ; the root is profitable
\

harmless. Ifor ruptures, or such as are bursten.

Eringij. Of Eringo or Sea-holly: ihe\ Glycyrrhizae. Of Liquorice; the best
roots arc moderately hot, something
drying and I that is
grows in England : it is hot and moisi
cleansing, bruised and applied to the place ; in temperature, helps the
roughness of the
they help the Scrophula, or disease in the windpipe, hoarsness, diseases in the kidneys and
throat called the King's Evil, they break the bladder, and ulcers in the bladder, it concocts
j

stone, encrease seed, stir tip lust, provoke the raw humours in the stomach, helps difficulty of
terms, fyc. breathing, is profitable for all salt humours ,
\

Esulae, majoris, minoris. Of Spurge the] the root dried and beaten into powder, and the

greater and lesser, they are powder put into the eye, is a special remedy
both (taken in- \

wardly) too violent for common

use; outwardly I
for a pin and web.
in ointments they cleanse the skin, take awayl Gramminis. Of Grass, such as in London
sunburning. call couch grass, and Squitch-grass ; in
\they
Filicis, Fearn, of which are two grand Sussex Dog-grass.
&c. j
It gallantly provokes
distinctions, viz. male and female. Both are urme, and easath the kidneys oppressed with
hot and dry, and good for the rickets in chil- gravel, gripings of the belly, and difficulty of
then, and diseases of the spleen, but dangerous urine. Let such as are troubled with these
\

for pregnant women. diseases, drink a draught of white wine, wherin

\

Filipendulae. Of Dropwort. The roots\these roots (being bruised) have been boiled,
are hot and dry in the third degree, opening, \for their morning's draught, bruised and ap-
cleansing, yet somewhat binding ; they provoke \ plied to the place, they speedily help green
urine, ease pains in the bladder, and are a good \ wounds. Galen, Dioscorides.
preservative against the falling-sickness. Hermodactyli. Of Hermodactils. They
Foeniculi. Of Fennel. The root is hot are hot and dry, purge flegm, especially from
\

and dry, some say in the third degree, opening; the joints, therefore are good for gouts, and
\

it
provokes urine, and menses, strengthens the other diseases in the joints.
\ Their vices are
liver, and is good against the dropsy. corrected with long pepper, ginger, cinnamon,
j

Fraxini. Of Ash-tree. I know no greater mastich. I would not have unskilful people
virtues in physic of the roots. too busy with purges.
j

Galangae, majoris, minoris. Galanga,\ Hyacinth!. Of Jacinths. The roots are

commonly called Galingal, the greater and dry in the first degree,
\
and cold in the second,
lesser : They are hot and dry in the third \ they stop looseness, bind the belly,
degree, and the lesser are accounted the hotter,
\ Iridis, vulgaris, and Florentine, &c.
it strengthens the stomach
exceedingly, and\ Orris, or Flower-de-luce, both that which
takes away the pains thereof coming of coldl grows with us, and that which comes from
vrmnd; the smell of it strengthens the brain, Florence. They are; hot and dry in the
itrelieves faint hearts, takes away windiness third degree, resist poison, help shortness
\

the menses; th
of the womb, heats the reim, and provokes \ of the breath, provoke
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 223

Root being green and bruised, takes away applied, it helps ulcers in the head, and
\

blackness and blueness of a stroke, being amends the ill colour of the face,
j

applied thereto.
Malvae. Of Mallows. They are cool,
and digesting, resist poison, and help cor-
Imperiiorice,
fT
Sec. Of Master- wort.
-it
The
root is hot and dry in the third degree ;
j

j
'('.iii
rosions, or gnawing of the bowels, or any
other part as also ulcers in the bladder.
mitigates the rigour of agues, helps dropsies, i ;

provokes sweat, breaks carbuncles, and j

See Marsh-mallows.
plague-sores, being applied to them ;
it is
|
Mandragorce. Of Mandrakes. A root
very profitable being given inwardly in dangerous for its coldness, being cold in the
|

bruises. fourth degree the root is dangerous.

:

Isotidis, Glasti. Of Woad. I know no MechoachantE. Of Mechoacah. It is

See the corrected with Cinnamon, is temperate yet
great physical virtue in the root.
Herb. *
drying, purges fiegm chiefly from the head
Labri Veneris, Dipsaci. Fullers-Thistle, \ and joints, it is good for old diseases in the
Teazle. The root being boiled in wine till | head, and may safely be given even to fe-
it be thick (quoth Dioscorides) helps by verish bodies, because of its
temperature: it
j
unction the clefts of the fundament, as also ;
isalso profitable against coughs and pains in
takes away warts and wens. Galen saith, j the reins; asalso against venereal complaints;
they are dry in the second degree and
: ? the strong may take a dram at a time.
I take it all Authors hold them to be cold j Met, $c. Spignel. The roots are hot
and dry. Unslacked lime beaten into pow- ? and dry in the second or third degree, and
der, and mixed with black soap, takes ; send up unwholesome vapours to the head,
away a wen being anointed with it. Mezerei, #c. Of Spurge, Olive, or Widow-
Lactuca. Of Lettice. I know no phy-j wail. See the Herb, if you think it worth
sical virtue residing in the roots. the seeing.
j

Latin. Of the Bay-tree. The Bark of { Merorum Celci. Of Mulberry Tree. The
the root drunk with wine, provokes urine, bark of the root is bitter, hot and dry, opens
j

breaks the stone, opens obstructions of the stoppings of the liver and spleen, purges
!

liver and spleen. But according to Dios- the belly, and kills worms, boiled in vine-
\

corides is naught for pregnant women. gar, helps the tooth-ache.

\

Galen. Morsus Diaboli, Succisce, $c. Devil's-bit.

Lapathi acuti, Oxylapathi. Sorrel, accord- See the herb.
ing to Galen; but Sharp-pointed Dock, Norpi Spicce, Indica, Celticce, $c.
|
Of
according to Dioscorides. The roots of 1 Spikenard, Indian, and Cheltic. Cheltic
Sorrel are held to be profitable against the
j
Nard wonderfully provokes urine. They
jaundice. Of Sharp-pointed Dock; cleanse, |
are both hot and dry. The Indian, also
and help scabs and itch. provokes urine, and stops fluxes, helps win-
j

Levistici. Of Lovage. They are hot and | diness of the stomach, resists the pestilence,
dry, and good for any diseases coming off helps gnawing pains of the stomach; and
wind. dries up rheums that molest the head. The
\

Lillij albi. Of white Lillies. The root; Celtic Spikenard performs the same offices,
is
something hot and dry, helps burnings, though in a weaker measure,
|

softens the womb, provokes the menses, if

j Nenupharis, Nymplue. Of Water-lilies,
boiled in wine, is given with good success* They are -cold and dry, and stop lust:
in rotten Fevers, Pestilences, and all dis- I never dived so deep to find what virtue
\

eases that require suppuration :

outwardly the roots have..
5

M
224 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Ononidis, Arrestte Bovis, fyc. Of Cam- speedy deliverance to women in travail, and
j

mock, or Rest-harrow, so called because it

away the placenta,
j brings
makes oxen stand still when they are plough- Poeonioe, maris, fcemellae. Of Peony male
:

ing. The roots are hot and dry in the third and female. They are meanly hot, but more
degree ; it breaks the stone (viz. the bark drying. The root helps women not sufficiently
of it.) The root itself, according to Pliny, purged after travail, it provokes the menses, and
helps the falling-sickness according to helps pains in the belly, as also in the reins and
;
i

Matthiolus, helps ruptures you may take bladder, falling sickness, and convulsions in
:

j
half a dram at a time. i
children, being either taken inwardly, or hung
Oslrutij. Masterwort, given once before
j
about their necks. You may take half a dram
under the name of Imperitoria. But I have \ at a time, and less for children.
something else to do than to write one Phu, Valerina3, majoris, minoris. Vale-
?

thing twice as they did. rian, or Setwal, greater and lesser.

i
They are
Pastinatte, Sativee, and silvestris. Garden $ temperately hot, the greater provokes urine and
and Wild Parsnips. They are of a tern- i the menses, helps the stranguary, stays rheums
perate quality, inclining something to heat : in the head, and takes away the pricking pains
The Garden Parsnips provoke lust, and thereof. The lesser resist poison, assuages the
nourish as much and more too, than any swelling of the testicles, coming either through
|

root ordinarily eaten the wild are more wind or cold, helps cold taken after sweating or
:
j

physical, being cutting, cleansing, and labour, wind cholic : outwardly it draws out
}

opening they resist the bitings of veno- thorns, and cures both wounds and idcers.
:
\

mous beasts, ease pains and stitches in the '

Pimpinella3, &c. Of Burnet. It doth

sides, and are a sovereign remedy against this good, to bring forth a gallant physical
I

the wind cholic. \

herb.

Pentafylli. Of Cinqfyl, commonly called

Plantaginis.
\ Of Plantane. The root is
Five-leaved, or Five-finger'd grass the root something dryer than the leaf, but not so cold,
: \

is very
drying, but moderately hot: It is\it opens stoppages of the liver, helps thejaun-
admirable against all fluxes, and stops dice, and ulcers of the reins and bladder.
\
A
blood flowing from any part of the body \ little bit of the root being eaten, instantly stays
:

it
helps infirmities of the liver and lungs, pains in the head, even to admiration.
5

helps putrified ulcers of the mouth, the root Polypody. ; Of Polypodium, or Fern of
boiled in vinegar is good against the the Oak. It is a gallant though gentle
j

shingles, and appeases the rage of any purger of melancholy ; Also in the opinion
j

fretting sores. You may safely take half j of Mesue (as famous a physician as ever
a dram at a time in any convenient liquor, I read for a Galenist,) it dries up super-
j

Petacittf. Of Butter-bur. The roots are j fluous humours, takes away swellings from
hot and dry in the second degree, they are the hands, feet, knees, and joints, stitches
j

exceeding good in violent and pestilential and pains in the sides, infirmities of the
|

fevers, they provoke the menses, expel poi- spleen, rickets ; correct it with a few Annis
*

son, and kill worms. 1 seeds, or Fennel seeds, or a little ginger,

Peucedani, Fceniculi porcini. Of Sulphur- and then the stomach will not loath it.
\

wort, Hogs-fennel, or Hore-strange. It is Your best way of taking it, is to bruise it

\

very good applied to the navels of children well, and boil it in white wine till half be
j

that stick out, and ruptures held in the consumed, you may put in much, or little,
:
j

mouth, it is a present remedy for the fits of according to the strength of the diseased,
j
it

the mother being taken inwardly, it gives ( works very safely.

:
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 225

Po/igonati, Solomonis, $c.

sigilli
Of Solo- :
ing takes away the virtue of it, and there-
tnon's Seal. Stamped and boiled in wine it i fore it is best given by infusion only; If

speedilyhelps(beingdrank)allbrokeubones, your body be any thing strong, you may

\

cind is of incredible virtue that way; as also take two drams of it at a time being sliced
;

thin and steeped all night in white wine, in

being stamped and applied to the place,
it

soon heals all wounds, and quickly takesaway the morning strain it out and drink the
;

the black and blue marks of blows, being; white wine; it purges but gently, it leaves
bruised and applied to the place, and for a binding quality behind it, therefore dried
these, I am persuaded there is not a better a little by the fire and beaten into powder,
j

medicine under the sun. it is usually

\
given in fluxes.
Pom. Of Leeks. They say they are Rhaphani. Domesticce and Sylvestris. Of
5

hot and dry in the fourth degree ; they Raddishes, garden and wild.
I
Garden
breed ill-favoured nourishment at the best, Raddishes provoke urine, break the stone,
j

they spoil the eyes, heat the body, cause and purge by urine exceedingly, yet breed
\

troublesome sleep, and are noisome to the very bad blood, are offensive to the stomach,
j

stomach yet are they good for something and hard of digestion, hot and dry in
:
|

else, for the juice of them dropped into quality. I Wild, or Horse Raddishes, such
the ears takes away the noise of them, mixed as grow in ditches, are hotter and drier
t

with a little vinegar and snuffed up the than the former, and more effectual.
>

nose, it stays the bleeding of it, they are Rhodie Rod. Rose Root. Stamped and
better of the two boiled than raw, but applied to the head it mitigates the
pains
both ways exceedingly hurtful for ulcers in thereof, being somewhat cool in quality,
the bladder and so are onions and garlic.
: Rhabarbari Monachorum. Monks Rhu-
\

Prunellorum Silvestriiim. Of Sloe-bush, barb, or Bastard-Rhubarb, it also purges,

j

or Sloe-tree. I think the college set this and cleanses the blood, and
:
opens obstruc-
amongst the roots only for fashion sake, tions of the
$
liver,
and I did it because they did. Rubice tinctorum.
\ Of Madder. It is
Pyrethri Salivaris^ fyc. Pelitory of Spain. both drying
|
and binding, yet not without
It is hot and dry in the fourth degree, some opening quality, for it
j helps the yel-
chewed in the mouth, it draws away rheum \ low jaundice, and therefore opens obstruc-
in the tooth-ache; bruised and boiled in tions of the liver and
|
gall; it is given with
oil, it
provokes sweat by unction; inwardly i good success, to such as have had bruises
taken, they say it helps palsies and other by falls, stops looseness, the hemorrhoids,
\

cold effects in the brain and nerves. and the menses.

Rhapontici. Rhupontick, or Rhubarb i Rusci. Of Knee-holly or Butchers-
of Pontus. It takes away windiness and broom, or Bruscus.
\
They are meanly hot
weakness of the stomach, sighings, sobbings, j and dry, provoke urine, break the stone,
spittings of blood, diseases of the liver and 1
and help such as cannot evacuate urine
spleen, rickets, &c. if you take a dram at \ freely Use them like grass roots,
a time it will purge a little, but bind much, Sambuci. Of Elder. I know no wonders
j
and therefore fit for foul bodies that have the root will do.
j
fluxes.
Sars<e-Parigli(E. Of Sarsa-Parilla, or
Rhabarbari. Of Rhubarb. It gently Bind-weed somewhat hot and dry, helpful
;

purges choler from the stomach and liver, against pains in the head, and joints they ;
|

opens stoppings, withstands the dropsy,

j
provoke sweat, and are used familiarly in
Hypocondriac Melancholly ; a little boil- 1
drying diet drinks
226 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Satyrij utriusque. Of Satyrion, each sort, i
called our Ladies-thistles by that name;
They are hot and moist in temper, provoke the roots of which are drying and bind-
venery, and increase seed ; each branch ing, stop fluxes, bleeding, take away
bears two roots, both spongy, yet the one cold swellings, and ease the pains of the
more solid than the other, which is of most teeth.
virtue, and indeed only to be used, for some Spatula fa'tidte. Stinking Gladon, a kind
say the most spongy root is quite contrary of Flower-de-luce, called so for its unsavory
in operation to the other, as the one in- smell. It is hot and dry in the third
creaseth, the other decreaseth. | degree ; outwardly they help the king's evil,
Saxifragite albce. Of white Saxifrage, in j
soften hard swellings, draw out broken
Sussex we call them Lady-smocks. The j bones inwardly taken, they help convul-
:

roots powerfully break the stone, expel :!

sions, ruptures, bruises, infirmities of the
wind, provoke urine, and cleanse the reins. ;

lungs.
Sanguisorbfe. A kind of Burnct. Tamarisci. Of Tamaris. See the herbs,
Scabiosa. Of Scabious. The roots either and barks.
boiled, or beaten into powder, and so taken, Tanaceti. Of Tansie. The root eaten,
nelp such as are extremely troubled with isa singular remedy for the gout the rich :

scabs and itch, are medicinal in the french may bestow the cost to preserve it.
disease, hard swellings, inward wounds, Thapsi, $c. A
venomous foreign root :

being of a drying, cleansing, and healing therefore no more of it.

faculty. Tormcntillee. Of Tormentil. A kind of
Scorchj. Of Scordium, or Water-Ger- 1 Sinqfoil ; dry in the third degree, but mode-
mander. See the herb. rately hot ; good in pestilences, provokes
Scillfe. Of Squills. See vinegar, and sweat, stays vomiting, cheers the heart, ex-
wine of Squills, in the compound. pels poison.
Scropularitf, $c. Of Figwort. The roots Trifolij.
/ */
Of Trefoil. See the herb.
being of the same virtue with the herb, Tribuli Aquatici. Of Water Caltrops.
I refer you thither. The roots lie too far under water for me to
Scorzonerte. Of Vipers grass. The root .

reach to.
cheers the heart, and strengthens the vital \
Trachellij. Of Throat-wort: by some
spirits, resists poison, helps passions and . called Canterbury Bells: by some Coventry
tremblings of the heart, faintness, sadness, \ Bells. They help diseases and ulcers in
and melancholy, opens stoppings of the: the throat.
liver and spleen, provokes the menses, ease i Trinitatis herbee. Hearts-ease, or Pansies,
women of the fits of the mother, and helps \ I know no ;reat virtue they have.
shall tell you the virtue when
swimmings in the head. Timicis. [

Seseleos. Of Seseli, or Hartwort. The j 1 know what it is.

roots provoke urine* and help the falling- i
Tripoli). The root purges flegm, expels
sickness. poison. \

Sisarii secacitl. Of Scirrets. They are Turbith. The root purges flegm, (being
5

hot and moist, of good nourishment, some- hot in the third degree) chiefly from the
\

thing Avindy, as all roots are; by reason of exterior parts

of the body it is corrected
i :

which, they provoke venery, they stir up t with

ginger, or Mastich. Let not the vulgar
appetite, and provoke urine. \
be too busy with it.
Sconchi. Of Sow-thistles. See the herb, Tubitrmim. Or Toad-stools. Whether
j

Spmee alba;. Bedeguar. The Arabians these be roots or no, it matters not much
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 227

for my part I know but Avellanarum.

little Of Hazel The rind of
need of them,
either in food or physic. the tree provokes urine, breaks the stone ;

Victorialis. A
foreign kind of Garlick. the husks and shells of the nuts, dried and
They say, being hung about the neck of given in powder, stay the immoderate flux
cattle that are blind suddenly, it helps them of the menses. ;

and defends those that bear it, from evil Aurantiorum. Of Oranges. Both these,
spirits. and also Lemons and Citrons, are of dif-
Swallow-wort, and teazles were handled ferent qualities the outward bark, viz. what
:

before. looks red, is hot and dry, the white is cold

UlmaricE, Reginte, prati, fyc. Mead-sweet. and moist, the juice colder than it, the seeds
Cold and <aij,
v^-ivi c^vi fluxes, and
stops HUA^O,
unhung, a^jjjo
dry, binding, .uu hot and dry; the outward bark is that
the immoderate flowing of the menses you : ! which here I am to speak to, it is somewhat
may take a dram at a time. than that of Lemons or
%
j
hotter eithc r
Urticte. Of Nettles. See the leaves. 5
Citrons, therefore it warms a cold stomach
Zedoariae. Of Zedoary or Setwall. This , } more, and expels wind better, but strengthens
and Zurumbet, according to Rhasis, and ! not the heart so much.
Mesue, are all one Avicenna thinks them
; 1 Berber, tyc. Barberries. The Rind of
different : Mesue ; indeed they the tree according to Clcesius, being steeped
I hold with
\

differ in one is long, the other in wine, and the wine drank, purges choler,
form, for the I

round; they are both hot and dry in the and is a singular remedy for the yellow
,

second degree, expel wind, resist poison, jaundice. Boil it in white wine and drink
j

stop fluxes, and the menses, stay vomiting, it. See the directions at the beginning,
j

help the cholic, and kill worms you may Cassia

; Lignea, $c. It is something more
i

take half a dram at a time. oily than Cinnamon, yet the virtues being
Zingiberis. Of Ginger. Helps digestion, not much different, I reft r you thither,
warms the stomach, clears the sight, and is Capparts Rod. Of Caper roots. See
profitable for old men heats the :
joints, and the roots.
therefore is
profitable against the gout, Castanearum. Of Chesnuts. The bark
expels wind ; it is hot and dry in the second of the Chesnut tree is dry and binding,
degree. and stops fluxes.
Cinnamonum. Cinnamon, and Cassia
Lignea, are hot and dry in the second
BARKS. degree,
digestion,
strengthens
cause a
the stomach, help
sweet breath, resist poi-
A Pil Rad. Of the roots of Sn milage. son, provoke urine, and the menses, cause
Take notice here, that the Barks both of speedy delivery in women to travail, help
this root, as also of Parsley, Fennel, &c. coughs and defluxions of humours upon
is all of the root which is in use, neither, the lungs, dropsy, and difficulty of urine.
can it
properly be called bark, for it is all In ointments it takes away red pimples, and
the root, the hard pith in the middle ex- the like deformities from the face. There
cepted, which is always thrown away, when ^ is scarce a better remedy for women in
the roots are used. It is something hotter labour, than a dram of Cinnamon newly
i

and drier than Parsley, and more medicinal ; beaten into and taken in white powder,
i

it
opens stoppings, provokes urine, helps j wine,
digestion, expels wind, and warms a cold] Citrij. Of Pome Citrons. The outward
stomach : use them like grass roots. ;
pill, which I suppose is that which is meant
3 N
228 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
here : It strengthens the heart, resists
poi- ! Lanri. Of the Bay-tree. See the root
son, amends a stinking breath, helps diges- \
Ltmonum. Of Lemons. The outward
tion, comforts a cold stomach. peel is of the nature of Citron, but helps
Ebuli Bad. Of the roots of Dwarf-Elder, not so effectually ; however, let the
poor
or Walwort. See the herbs. country man that cannot get the other, use
Emike. Of Elecampane. See the roots. this.
Esulfe Rod. See the roots. Mandragora Rad. Be pleased to look
Fabarum. Of Beans. Bean Cods (or back to the root.
'

Pods, as we in Sussex call them) being Myrobalanorum.

j
Of Myrobalans. See
bruised, the ashes are a sovereign rerredy |the fruits,
for aches in the joints, old bruises, gouts, Mads. Of Mace. It is hot in the third
and sciaticas. degree, strengthens the stomach and heart
FcenicitliRod. Of Fennel roots. See exceedingly, and helps concoction.
the roots, and remember the observation Maceris, <fyc. It is held to be the inner

given in Smallage at the beginning of the bark of Nutmeg-tree, helps fluxes and
barks. spitting of blood.
Fraxini Rad. Of the bark of Ash-tree Petroselini Rad. Of
Parsley root: opens
roots. The bark of the tree, helps the rickets, obstructions, provokes urineand themenses,
is moderately hot and dry, stays vomiting ;
warms a cold stomach, expels wind, and
being burnt, the ashes made into an oint- breaks the stone. Use them as grass roots,
ment, helps leprosy and other deformity and take out the inner pith as you were
of the skin, eases pains of the spleen. You taught in smallage roots.
may lay the bark to steep in white wine for Prunelli Silvestris. Of Sloe-tree. I know
the rickets, and when it hath stood so for no use of it.
two or three days, let the diseased child Pinearum putaminae.
Pine shucks, or
drink now and then a spoonful of it. husks. I suppose they mean of the cones
Granatorum. Of Pomegranates. The that hold the seeds ; both those and also the
rind cools, and forcibly binds, stays fluxes, \ bark of the tree, stop fluxes, and help the
and the menses, helps digestion, strengthens lungs. ;

weak stomachs, fastens the teeth, and are Querci. Of Oak-tree. Both the bark of
good for such whose gums waste. You! the oak, and Acorn Cups are drying and
may take a dram of it at a time inwardly, j cold, binding, stop fluxes and the menses,
Pomegranate flowers are of the same virtue. as also the running of the reins ; have a
|

Gatrujaci. See the wood. care how you use them before due purging.
i

Juglandiitm Virid. Of green Walnuts. ( Rhapha?ii. Of Radishes. I could never

As for the outward green bark of Walnuts, see any bark they had. ;

I suppose the best time to take them is; Suberis. Of Cork. It is good for some-
before the Walnuts be shelled at all, and \ thing else besides to stop bottles being dry :

then you may take nuts and all (if they may and binding, stanches blood, helps fluxes,
I

properly be called nuts at such a time) you j especeially the ashes of it being burnt,
shall find them exceeding comfortable to\Pai/lus.
the stomach, they resist poison, and arej Sambuci, $c. Of Elder roots and
a most excellent preservative against the j branches ; purges water, helps the dropsy,
plague, interior to none they are admira- 1
: Cort. Medius Tamaricis. The middle
ble for such as are troubled with consump- j Bark of Tameris, eases the spleen, helps
lions of the lungs. the rickets. Use them as Ash-tree bark.
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 229

Tilliai. Of Line-tree. Boiled, the water Rhodium. Encreases milk in nurses.

helps burnings. Santalum, album, Ritbrum,citrinum. White,
Thuris. Of Frankinsenses. I must plead red, and yellow Sanders They are all cold
:

and dry in the second or third degree the :

Ignoramus.
Ulmi. Of Elm. Moderately hot and red stops defluxions from
any part, and
cleansing, good for wounds, burns, and helps inflammations the :white and yellow
broken bones, viz. boiled in water and the (of which the yellow is
best) cool the heat
with of fevers, strengthen the heart, and cause
grieved place bathed
it.

! cheerfulness.
Sassafras. and dry in the second
Is hot
it obstructions or stoppings,
WOODS AND THEIR CHIPS, OR degree, opens
RASPINGS.
i it
strengthens the breast exceedingly; if it
be weakened through cold, it breaks the
|

A Gallochus, Lignum Aloes. Wood of i stone, stays

w ^ ^provokes urine, and
vomiting,
Aloes ; moderately hot and dry
is : a good is very profitable in the venereal, used in
i

cordial a rich perfume, a great strengthener diet drinks,

:
j
to the stomach. Tamaris. Is profitable for the
rickets,
Rose-wood. It is moderately and burnings.
Aspalathus. j

hot and dry, stops looseness, provokes Xylobalsamum. Wood of the Balsam
I

urine, and is excellent to cleanse filthy tree, it is hot and dry in the second degree,
ulcers. according to Galen. I never read any great
Bresilium. Brasil. All the use I know virtues of it.
of it is, to die cloth, and leather, and
j

make red ink.

Biu'iis. Box.
Many Physicians havej HERBS AND
no
THEIR LEAVES.
written of it, but physical virtue of it.
Cypressus. Cypress. The Wood laid A Brotanum, mas, fcemina. Southern-
\

amongst cloaths, secures them from moths. wood, male and female. It is hot and dry
!

See the leaves. in the third degree, resists

poison, kills
Ebenum. Ebony. It is held to clear the
outwardly worms
it dissolves
j_ ; in plaisters,

sight, being either

boiled in wine, or burnt
j
cold swellings, and helps the bitings of
to ashes. venomous beasts, makes hair grow take :
|

Guajacum, Lignum vitan Dries, attenu- not above half a dram at a time in
j powder,
ales, causes sweat, resists putrefaction, is| Absinthium, Sfc. Wormwood. Its several
good for the French disease, as also for sorts, are all hot and dry in the second or
11 i*i',. . i'ii
*
j
_ i

ulcers, scabs, and leprosy it is used in diet third degrees, the common Wormwood is
: i

drinks. thought to be hottest, they all help weak-

Junipenis. Juniper. The smoak of the ness of the stomach, cleanse choler, kill
wood, drives away serpents the ashes of: worms, open stoppings, help surfeits, clear
;

it made into lie, cures itch, and scabs. the sight, resist poison, cleanse the blood,
Nephriticum. It is a light wood and and secure cloaths from moths.
comes from Hispaniola ; being steeped in Abiigilissa, fyc. Alkanet. The leaves are
water, will soon turn it blue, it is hot and something drying and binding, but inferior
dry in the first degree, and so used as be- in virtue to the roots, to which I refer
fore, is an admirable remedy for the stone, you.
and for obstructions of the liver and spleen. Acetosa. Sorrel. Is moderately cold
230 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
dry and binding, cuts tough humours, cools held to be more cordial
( ; cools the blood.
the brain, liver and stomach, cools helps ulcers in the mouth hot defluxions
the ;

blood in fevers, and provokes appetite. upon the lungs, wounds, ulcers, &c.
Acanthus. Bears-breech, or Branks Alcea. Vervain Mallow. The root helps
11
ursine, is temperate, something moist. See fluxes and burstness. JEtius, Dioscorides.
the root. Album. Garlick. Hot and dry in the
Adiantum, Album, mgrum. Maiden hair, | fourth degree, troublesome to the stomach;
white and black. They are temperate, yet it dulls the sight, spoils a clear skin, resists
I

drying. White Maiden hair is that we poison, eases the pains of the teeth,
I
helps
usually call Wall -rue they both open ob-jthe bitings of mad clogs, and venomous
;

structions, cleanse the breast and lungs of' beasts, helps ulcers, leprosies, provokes
gross slimy humours, provoke urine, help; urine, is exceedingly opening, and profita-
ruptures and shortness of wind. |
ble for dropsies.
Adiantum Aurcum Politrycwn. Golden j Althaa, fyc. Marsh-Mallows. Are mocle-
Maiden-hair. Its temperature and virtues irately hot and drier than other Mallows; they
are the same with the former ; helps the j help digestion, and mitigate pain, ease the
spleen ; burned, and lye made with the pains of the stone, and in the sides. Use
I
t i .1 l * n
r f* ^v . i i . i i *

ashes, keeps the hair from falling oif the them as you were taught in the roots, whose
head. virtues they have, and both together will
Agrimonia Agrimony. Galen's
Eupa- do better.
torium. It is hotand dry in the first degree, Alsine.
{ Chickweed. Is cold and moist
binding, it amends the infirmities of the without any binding, assuages swelling o'
liver, helps such as evacuate blood instead and comforts the sinews much therefore it;

of water, helps inward wounds, opens is good for such as are shrunk up it dis- ;

obstructions. Outwardly applied it helps* solves aposthumes, hard swellings, and

old sores, ulcers, &c. Inwardly, it helps helps mange in the hands and legs, out-
5

the jaundice and the spleen. Take a dram wardly applied in a pultis. Galen.
j

of this or that following, inwardly in white Alchymilla.

j
Ladies-Mantle. Is hot and
wine, or boil the herb in white wine, and dry, some say in the second degree, some
\

drink the decoction. Galen, Pliny, Diosco-\ say in the third: outwardly it helps wounds,
rides, Serapio.
Hot and
---- __,
reduces women's breasts that hang down
\ *
:

Ageretum. dry in the second de- inwardly, helps bruises, and ruptures, stays
gree, provokes
urine and the menses, dries vomiting, and the Fluor Albus, and is very
he brain, opens stoppings, helps the green profitable for such women as are subject to
sickness, and profits such as have a cold, miscarry through cold and moisture,
!

weak liver ; outwardly applied, it takes Alkanna. Privet hath a binding quality,
i

away the hardness of the matrix, and fills helps ulcers in the mouth, is good against
I

hollow ulcers with flesh. | burnings

and scaldings, cherishes the nerves
Agnus Castus, $c. Chast-tree. The leaves 1 and sinews boil it in white wine to wash
;

are hot and dry in the third degree ; expel the mouth, and in hog's grease for burnings
wind, consume the seed, cause chastity and scaldings.
being only borne about one ; it dissolves Amaracus, Majorana. Marjoram. Some
swellings of the testicles, being applied to say 'tis hot and dry in the second degree,
them, head-ache, and lethargy. some advance it to the third. Sweet Mar-
Allajula, Lujula, $c. Wood Sorrel. It joram, is an excellent remedy for cold dis-
is of the
temperature of other Sorrel, and eases in the brain, being only smelled to
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 231

helps such as are given to much sighing,: Aqnilegia. Columbines: help sore throats,
easeth pains in the belly, provokes urine, are of a drying, binding quality,
j

being taken inwardly you may take a dram

:
Argentina. Silver- weed, or Wild
|
Tansy
of it at a time in powder. Outwardly in cold and dry almost
|
in the third
degiee;
oils or salves, it helps sinews that are shrunk stops lasks, tluxes, and the menses, good
;
j

limbs out of joint, all aches and swellings; against ulcers, the stone, and inward Avounds:
coming of a cold cause. easeth gripings in the belly, fastens loose
!

Angelica. Is hot and dry in the third de- teeth outwardly it takes away freckles,
j
:

gree; opens, digests, makes thin, strengthens j morphew, and sunburning, it takes awav
the heart, helps fluxes, and loathsomeness i inflammations, and bound to the wrists stop's
of meat. It is an enemy to poison and pes- \
the violence of the fits of the ague,
tilence, provokes menses, and brings away \
Artanita. Sow- bread: hot and dry in
the placanta. You may take a dram of it? the third degree, it is a dangerous
purge:
at a time in powder. outwardly inointmentsittakesaway freckles,
Anagallis, mas,femina. Pimpernel, male sunburning, and the marks which the small
j

and female. They are something hot and pox leaves behind them j dangerous for :

dry, and of such a drying quality that they pregnant women. i

draw thorns and splinters out of the flesh, Aristolochia, longa, rotunda.
; Birth-wort
amend the sight, cleanse ulcers, help in- long and round. See the roots,
\

fertilities of the liver and reins. Galen. Artemisia. Mugwort: is hot and dry in
Anethum. Dill. Is hot and dry in the the second degree binding an herb ap-
j
: :

second degree. stays vomiting, eases j propriated to the female sex; it brings down
It

hiccoughs, assuages swellings, provokes: the menses, brings away both birth and
urine, helps such as are troubled with placenta, eases pains in the matrix. You
fits of the mother, and
digests raw humours. may take a dram at a time.
Apium. Smallage ; So it is commonly } Asparagus. See the roots,
used ; but indeed all Parsley is called by the Asarum, $c. Asarabacca hot and dry ;
\
:

name of Apium, of which this is one kind. provokes vomiting and urine, and are good
!

Itis something hotter and dryer than Parsley, for dropsies. They are corrected with mace
j

and more efficacious ; it opens stoppings of jor cinnamon.

the liver, and spleen, cleanses the blood, Atriplex, SfC. Orach, or Arrach. It is
|

provokes the menses, helps a cold stomach cold in the first

jdegree, and moist in the
to digest its meat, and is good against the second, saith Galen, and makes the
| belly
yellowjaundice. Both Smallage and Clevers,) soluble. Itis an admirable remedy for the
may be well used in pottage in the morning fits of the mother, and other infirmities of
|
'

instead of herbs. the matrix, and therefore the Latins called

Aparine. Goose-grass, or Clevers They : it Vulvaria.
are meanly hot and dry, cleansing, help Aricula muris, major. Mouse-ear: hot
the bitings of venomous beasts, keep men's and dry, of a binding quality, it is admira-
;

bodies from growing too fat, help theyel-i ble to heal wounds, inward or outward, as
low jaundice, stay bleeding, fluxes, and also ruptures or burstness Edge-tools :
j

help green wounds. Dioscorides, Pliny, quenched in the juice of it. will cut iron
*

Galen, Tragus. without turning the edge, as easy as they

j

Aspergula odorata. Wood-roof: Cheers* will lead And, lastly, it helps the swelling
:

the heart, makes men merry, helps melan-iof the spleen, coughs and
consumptions, of
.choly, and opens the stoppings of the liver, j the lungs.
3 o
232 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Attractivis hirsuta. Wild Bastard-saffron, Betony hot and dry in the second
\ :
degree,
Distaff- thistle, or Spindle-thistle. Is dry and helps the falling sickness and all head-aches
;

moderately digesting, helps the biting of coming of cold, cleanses the breast and
|

venomous beasts Mesue saith, it is hot in lungs, opens stoppings of the liver and
:
j

the first degree, and dry in the second, and spleen, as the rickets, &c. procures appetite,
|

cleanseth the breast and lungs of tough helps sour belchings, provokes urine, breaks
\

flegm. the stone, mitigates the pains of the reins

|

Balsamita, <fyc. Costmary, Alecost: See; and bladder, helps cramps, and convul-
Maudlin. sions, resists poison, helps the gout, such as
:

Barbajovis, sedum majus. Houseleek or {evacuate blood, madness and head-ache,

Sengreen : cold in the third degree, pro- kills worms, helps bruises, and cleanseth
j

fitable against the Shingles, and other hot women after labour
j
You may take a dram
:

creeping ulcers, inflammations, St. Anthony s of it at a time in white wine, or any other
\

fire, frenzies ; it cools and takes away corns convenient liquor proper against the dis-
\

from the toes, being bathed with the juice ease you are afflicted with,
j

of it, and a skin of the leaf laid over the 1 Betonica Pauli, &>c. Paul's Betony, or
place; stops fluxes, helps scalding and Malej
Lluellin, to which add Elaine, or
burning. Female
\ Lluellin, which comes afterwards ;

Bardana. Clot-bur, or Bur-dock tern- they are pretty temperate, stop defluxions
:
j

perately dry and wasting, something cool- of humours that fall from the head into the
j

ing ; it is held to be good against the shrink- \ eyes, are profitable in wounds, help filthy
ing of the sinews; eases pains in the bladder, foul eating cankers.
\

and provokes urine. Also Mizaldus saith, Betonica Coronana, S^c.

; Is Clove Gilli-
that a leaf applied to the top of the head of; flowers. See the flowers.
a woman draws the matrix upwards, but Bellis.
1
Dasies are cold and moist in
:

applied to the soles of the feet draws it the second degree, they ease all pains and
\

downwards, and is therefore an admirable swellings coming of heat, in clysters they

\

remedy for suffocations, precipitations, and loose

: are profitable in fevers and
the belly ,

dislocations of the matrix, if a wise man | inflammations of the testicles, they take
have but the using of it. | away bruises, and blackness and blueness ;
Beta, alba, nigra, rubra. Beets, white, \ they are admirable in wounds and inflam-
black, and red ; black Beets I have no : mations of the lungs or blood
knowledge of. The white are something j Blitinn. Elites. Some say they are cold
colder and moister than the red, both of: and moist, others cold and dry none :

them loosen the belly, but have little or no mention any great virtues of them,
J

nourishment. The white provoke to stool, Borrago. Borrage hot and moist, com- :
j

and are more cleansing, open stoppings of forts the heart, cheers the spirits, drives
:

the liver and spleen, help the vertigo or; away sadness and melancholy, they are
swimming in the head The red stay fluxes, rather laxative than binding; help swooning
: I

help the immoderate flowing of the menses, j and heart-qualms, breed good blood, help
and are good in the yellow jaundice. consumptions, madness, and such as are
;

Beuedicta CariphylLa-a. Avens hot and much weakened by sickness,

: ;

dry, help the cholic and rawness of the> Bonus Henricus. Good Henry, or all
stomach, stitches in the sides, and take away good hot and dry, cleansing and scouring ;
; ;

clotted blood in any part of the body. inwardly taken it loosens the belly; out-
i

Betonica vulgaris. Common or Wood ?

wardly it cleanseth old sores and ulcers.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 233

Botrys. Oak of Jerusalem hot and dry

:
j
Calamintha, Montana, Palustris. Moun-
in the second degree, helps such as are short- tain
f
and Water Calamint For the: Water
winded, cuts and wastes gross and tough Calamint see mints,
: than which it is ac-

flegm, laid among cloaths they preserve

counted stronger. Mountain Calamint, is
them from moths, and give them a sweet hot and dry in the third degree, provokes
smell. urine and the menses, hastens the birth in
Branca ursina. Bears-breech. { women, brings away the placenta, helps
Brionia, &>c. Briony, white and black ; cramps, convulsions, difficulty of breathing,
\

both are hot and dry in the third degree, kills worms, helps the dropsy outwardly
\ :

purge violently, yet are held to be whole- used, it helps such as hold their necks on
\

some physic for such as have dropsies, one side: half a dram is enough at one time,
\

vertigo, or swimming in the head, falling- Galen, Dioscorides, Apuleius.

j

sickness, &c. Certainly it is a strong, Calendula. Sfc.

f
Marigolds. The leaves
troublesome purge, therefore not to be tarn- are hot in the second degree, and something
pered with by the unskilful, outwardly in moist, loosen the belly the juice held in
\
:

ointments it takes away freckles, wrinkles, the mouth, helps the toothache, and takes
1

morphew, scars, spots, &c. from the face, away any inflammation or hot swelling
j

Bursa pastoris.Shepherd's Purse, is being bathed with it, mixed with a little
!

manifestly cold and dry, though Lobel and j vinegar.

Pena thought the contrary it is binding
; \ Callitricum. Maiden-hair. SeeAdianthum.
and stops blood, the menses ; and cools in- j Caprisolium. Honey -suckles The leaves
:

flammations. are hot, and therefore naught for inflam-

j

Buglossom. Buglosse. Its virtues are ^mations of the mouth and throat, for which
the same with Borrage. oftentime give them:
jthe ignorant people
or Middle Comfrey is and Galen was true in this, let modern
Bugula. Bugle, ;

temperate for heat, but very drying, ex- writers write their pleasure. If you chew
j
cellent for falls or inward bruises, for it dis- i but a leaf of it in your mouth, experience
solves congealed blood, profitable for inward will tell you that it is likelier to cause,
|

wounds, helps the rickets and other stopp- than to cure a sore throat, they provoke
\

ings of the liver ; outwardly it is of wonder- :

urine, and purge by urine, bringspeedy
ful force in curing wounds and ulcers, !
delivery to women in travail, yet
procure
though festered, as also gangreens and fis- j
and hinder conception, out-
barrenness
tulas, it
helps broken bones, and disloca- wardly they dry up foul ulcers, and cleanse
5

tions. Inwardly you may take it in powder the face from morphew, sun-burning and
i

a dram at a time, or drink the decoction freckles.

|

of it in white-wine being made into an

:
j Cardimcellus, #c. Groundsel!. Cold and
ointment with hog's grease, you shall find moist according to Tragus, helps the cholic,
!

it admirable in
green wounds. {and gripings in the belly, helps such as
Bnphthalmiim, Sfc. Ox eye. Matthiolus cannot make water, cleanses the reins,
\

saith they are commonly used for black purges choler and sharp humours
j
the
:

to the virtues of which I refer, usual of is to boil it in water

Hellebore, j way taking it

Bums. Boxtree: the leaves are hot, dry, with currants, and so eat it. I hold it to be
:

and binding, they are profitable against the awholesomeand harmless purge. Outwardly
!

biting of mad dogs ; both taken inwardly it easeth women's breasts that
are swollen
|

boiled and applied to the place besides and inflamed

:
j
as also inflammations of the
;

joints, nerves, or
they are good to cure horses of the bots. ! sinews. Mgineta.
234 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Cardmis B. Marine. Our Ladies Thistles. are drying and binding, help dimness of the
5

They are far more temperate than Carduus \ sight help the spleen, preserve from
:

Benedictus, open obstructions of the liver, j drunkenness, and help the evil effects of it:
help the jaundice and dropsy, provoke provoke the menses,\

urine, break the stone. Centaurium, majus^ minus. Centaury the

Carduus Benedictus. Blessed Thistle, but j greater and less. They say the greater
better known by the Latin name it is hot will do wonders in curing wounds
: see the :
j

and dry in the second degree, cleansing and root. The less is a present remedy for the
?

opening, helps swimming and giddiness in yellow jaundice, opens stoppings of the
j

the head, deafness, strengthens the memory, liver, gall, and spleen : purges choler, helps
\

helps griping pains in the belly, kills worms, gout, clears the sight, purgeth the stomach,
j

provokes sweat, expels poison, helps in- helps the dropsy and green sickness. It is
j

rlammation of the liver, is very good in only the tops and flowers which are useful,
j

pestilence
and venereal: outwardly applied, of which you may take a dram inwardly in
it
ripens plague-sores, and helps hot swell- powder, or half a handful boiled in posset-
\

ings, the bitings of mad dogs and venomous drink at a time.

i

beasts, and foul filthy ulcers. Every one Centinodittm, fyc. Knotgrass
j
cold in the :

that can but make a Carduus posset, knows second degree, helps spitting and other
;

how to use it. Cdmerarius, Arnuldus vel evacuations of blood, stops the menses and
all other fluxes of blood,
anovanus. \ vomiting of blood,
Chalina. See the roots, under the name gonorrhea, j
or running of the reins, weak-
of white Chameleon. ness of the back and joints, inflammations
Corallina. A kind of Sea Moss cold, j of the privities, and such as make water by
:
j

binding, drying, good for hot gouts, in- drops, and it is an excellent remedy for
\

flammations also they say it kills worms, hogs that will not eat their meat. Your
:
j

and therefore by some is called Maw- worm- only way is to boil it, it is in its prime about
seed. the latter end of July, or beginning of
Cussutha, cascuta, potagralini. Dodder. August : at which time being gathered it
See Epithimum. may be kept dry all the year. Brassavolux,
Caryophyllata. Avens, or Herb Bennet, Camerarius. \

hot and dry they help the cholic, rawness

:
Caryfolium vulgare et Myrrhis. Common
;

of the stomach, stitches in the sides, and great chervil: Take them both together,
:

stoppings of the liver, and bruises. and they are temperately hot and dry, pro-
|

Cataputia minor. A kind of Spurge. See voke urine, stir up venery, comfort the
j

Tythymalus. \ and are good for old people

heart, ;
help
Cattaria, Nepeta. Nep, or Catmints. pleurises and pricking in the sides.
!

The virtues are the same with Calaminth. Capea^ Anagallis aquatica. Brooklime,
Cauda Equina. Horse-tail; isof a bind- hot and dry, but not so hot and dry as
ing drying quality, cures wounds, and is an Water cresses
j ; they help mangy horses ;

admirableremedy for sinews that are shrunk: see Water

j
cresses.
it is a sure remedy for bleeding at the nose, Ceterach, $c. Spleenwort moderately :
j

or by wound, stops the menses, fluxes, hot, waste and consumes the spleen, inso-
j

ulcers in the reins and bladder, coughs, much that Vitruvius affirms he hath known
j

ulcers in the lungs, difficulty of breathing, j hogs that have fed upon it, that have had
Caulis, Brassica hortensis, sihestris. Cole- (when they were killed) no spleens at all.
j

wort, or Cabbages, garden and wild. They {

It is excellently good for melancholy people.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 235

helps the stranguary, provokes urine, and \ Cinara, $c. Artichokes. They provoke
breaks the stone in the bladder, boil it and | venery, and purge by urine,
drink the decoction; but because a little Cichorium. Succory, to which add Endive
boiling will carry away the strength of it in j
which comes after. They are cold and dry
vapours, let it boil but very little, and let it in the second degree, cleansing and open-
j

stand close stopped till it be cold before j

ing ; they cool the heats of the liver, and
you strain it out ; this is the general rule ]
are profitable in the yellow jaundice, and
for all simples of this nature. burning fevers ; help excoriations in the
Chamapitys. Ground-pine; hoi in the privities, hot stomachs and outwardly ap- ;

second degree, arid dry in the third, helps plied, help hot rheums in the eyes.
the jaundice, sciatica, stopping of the liver, Cicuta. Hemlock cold in the fourth:

and spleen, provokes the menses, cleanses degree, poisonous outwardly applied, it
:

the entrails, dissolves congealed blood, re- helps Priapismus, the shingles, St. Anthony's
poison, cures wounds and ulcers.
sists or any eating ulcers.
Jire,
Strong bodies may take a dram, and weak Clematis Daphnoides, Vinca provinca. Peri-
bodies half a dram of it in powder at a winkle. Hot in the second degree, some-
time. thing dry and binding stops lasks, spitting ;

Chamcemelum, sativum 9 sylvestre. Garden of blood, and the menses.

and Wild Chamomel. Garden Chamomel, Consolida major. Comfrey, I do not con-
is hot and dry in the first degree, and as ceive the leaves to be so virtuous as the

gallant a medicine against the stone in the roots. j

bladder as grows upon the earth, you may Consolida media. Bugles, of which before.
take it inwardly, I mean the decoction of Consolida minima. Daises.
it, being boiled in white wine, or inject the Consolida rubra. Golden Rod hot and :

juice of it into the bladder with a

syringe. dry in the second degree, cleanses the reins,
It expels wind, helps belchings, and potent- provokes urine, brings away the gravel :

ly provokes the menses : used in baths, it an admirable herb for wounded people to
helps pains in the sides, gripings and take inwardly, stops blood, &c.
gnawings in the belly. Consolida Regalis, Delphinium. Lark
ChamcEdrtS) fyc. Germander : hot and i heels : resist poison, help the bitings of
dry in the third degree cuts and brings
; venomous beasts.
away tough humours, opens stoppings of the Saracens Confound.
Saracenica Solidago.
liver and spleen, helps coughs and shortness Helps inward wounds, sore mouths, sore
of breath, stranguary and stopping of urine, throats, wasting of the lungs, and liver.
and provokes the menses half a dram is
; Coronepus. Buchorn Plantane, or Sea-
enough to take at a time. plantain cold and dry, helps the bitings
:

Chelidonium utrumque. Celandine both! of venomous beasts, either taken inwardly,

sorts. Small Celandine is usually called or applied to the wound helps the cholic, :

Pilewort; it is something hotter and dryer] breaks the stone. JEgineta.

than the former, it helps the hemorrhoids Coronaria. Hath got many English
or piles, bruised and applied to the
grief. names. Cottonweed, Cudweed, Chaffweed,
Celandine the greater is hot and dry (they and Petty Cotton. Of a drying and bind-
say in the third degree) any way used ; ing nature boiled in lye, it keeps the head
j
;

either the juice or made into an oil or oint- 1 from nits and lice; being laid among
ment, it is a great preserver of the sight, \ clothes, it keeps them safe from moths,
and an excellent help for the eyes. kills worms, helps the bitings of venomous
\

3 P
286 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
beasts taken in a tobacco-pipe, it helps
; !
it is to poison it is an admirable remedy
;

coughs of the lungs, and vehement head- against wounds and gunshot, wounds made
aches. with poisoned weapons, it draws out splin-
Cruciata. Crosswort: (there is a kind ters, broken bones, &c. The dose from half
of Gentian called also by this name, which a dram to a dram.
I pass by) is drying and binding, exceed- Dipsacus, sativ. sylv. Teazles, garden
ing good for inward or outward wounds, and wild, the leaves bruised and applied to
either inwardly taken, or outwardly ap- the temples, allay the heat in fevers, qualify
plied and an excellent remedy for such the rage in frenzies ; the juice dropped into
:

as are bursten. \
the ears, kills worms in them, dropped into
Crassula. Orpine. Very good out-
: the eyes, clears the sight, helps redness and
5

wardly used with vinegar, it clears the skin; pimples in the face, being anointed with it.
s

inwardly taken, it helps gnawings of the Ebulus. Dwarf Elder, or Walwort. Hot
stomach and bowels, ulcers in the lungs, and dry in the third degree ; waste hard
bloody-flux, and quinsy in the throat, for swellings, being applied in form of a
which last disease it is inferior to none, poultice; the hair of the head anointed with
take not too much of it at a time, because the juice of it turns it black ; the leaves
of its coolness. being applied to the place, help inflamma-
Crithamus, $c, Sampire. Hot and dry, tions, burnings, scaldings, the bitings of
helps difficulty of urine, the yellow jaun- j mad dogs; mingled with bulls suet is a pre-
dice, provokes the menses, helps digestion, j sent remedy for the gout inwardly taken, ;

opens stoppings of the liver and spleen. is a

singular purge for the dropsy and gout.
Galen. Echium. Viper's-bugloss, Viper's-herb,
Cucumis Asininus. Wild Cucumbers. See Snake bugloss, Wal-bugloss, Wild-bugloss,
Elaterium. several counties give it these several names :

Cyanus major, minor. Blue bottle, great a singular remedy being eaten, for the
It is
and small, a fine cooling herb, helps, biting of venomous beasts continually :

bruises, wounds, broken veins; the juice eatingof it makesthe

\ body invincible against
dropped into the eye, helps the inflamma- the poison of serpents, toads, spiders, &c.
|

lions thereof. however it be administered ; it comforts the

i

Cygnoglossam. Hound's-Tongue, cold and heart, expels sadness and melancholy. The
dry applied to the fundament helps the rich may make the flowers into a conserve,
:

hemorrhoids, heals wounds and ulcers, and and the herb into a syrup, the poor may
is a present remedy against the bitings of keep it dry , both may keep it as a jewel,
j

dogs, burnings and scaldings. Empetron, Calcifragra^ Herniaria, $c.

Cyprebsus, Chamce. Cyparissus. Cypress- Rupture-wort, or Burst-wort. The English
\

tree. The leaves are hot and binding, help name tells you it is good against ruptures,
|

ruptures, and Polypus or flesh growing on | and so such as are bursten

shall find it, if
the nose. they please to
!
make trial of it, either in-

Chama cyparissus. Is Lavender Cotton. wardly taken, \ or outwardly applied to the

Resists poison, and kills worms. place, or both.
j
Also the Latin names hold
Disdamnus Cretenis. Dictamny, or Dit- it forth to be good against the stone, which
\

tany of Creet, hot and dry, brings away j whoso tries shall find true,
dead children, hastens delivery, brings away j Enula Campana. Elicampane. Provokes
the placenta, the very smell of it drives i urine. See the root,
away venomous beasts, so deadly an enemy Epithimum. Dodder of Time, to wMch;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 237

add common Dodder, which is usually that Fragaria. I

Strawberry leaves, are cold,
which grows upon flax indeed every Dod- dry,
: and binding, a singular remedy for
:

der retains a virtue of that herb or plant inflammations and wounds, hot diseases in
j

it
grows upon, as Dodder that grows upon the throat; they stop fluxes and the terms,
I

Broom, provokes ui-ine forcibly, and cool the heat of the stomach, and the in-
>

loosens the belly, and is moister than that flammations of the liver.
;'
The best way is
which grows upon flax that which grows to boil them in barley water,
\

upon time, is hotter and dryer than that Fraxinus, fyc.

j
Ash-trees, the leaves are
which grows upon flax, even in the third moderately hot and dry, cure the bitings of
j

degree, opens obstructions, helps infirmities j Adders,

and Serpents they stop looseness, ;

of the spleen, purgeth melancholy, relieves and stay vomiting, help the rickets, open
\

drooping spirits, helps the rickets That stoppages of the liver and spleen.
: \

Avhich grows on flax, is excellent for agues Fumaria.

j
Fumitory cold and dry, it :

in young children, strengthens weak opens and cleanses by urine, helps such as
j

stomachs, purgeth choler, provokes urine, are itchy, and scabbed, clears the skin,
j

opens stoppings in the reins and bladder, opens stoppings of the liver and spleen.
j

That which grows upon nettles, provokes helps rickets, hypochondriac melancholy,
J

urine exceedingly. The way of using it is madness, frenzies, quartan agues, loosens
j

to boil it in white wine, or other convenient the belly, gently purgeth melancholy, and
j

decoction, and boil it very little. JEtias, addust choler boil it in white wine, and
:
j

Mesue, Actuarius, Serapio, Avincena. take this onej general rule. All things of a
Eruch. Rocket, hot and dry in the cleansing or
j
opening nature may be most com-
third degree, being eaten alone, causeth !
modiously boiled in white wine. Remember
head-ache, by its heat procures urine. Galen. \
but this, and thenneed not repeat it.
I

Siipatorium. See Ageratum. Galega. Goat's-rue Temperate in

:

Euphragia. Eyebright is something hot ; quality, resists poison, kills worms, helps
and dry, the very sight of it refresheth the j
the falling-sickness, resists the pestilence,
eyes ; inwardly taken, it restores the sight, j
You may take a dram of it at a time in
and makes old men's eyes young, a dram powder. ;

of it taken in the morning is worth a pair Galion. Ladies-bed straw

j
dry and bind- :

of spectacles, it comforts and strengthens ing, stanches blood,\

boiled in oil, the oil is
the memory, outwardly applied to the good to anoint a weary traveller inwardly ;
j

place, helps the eyes.

it
j
it
provokes venery.
Filix fcemina. ~\ Gentiana. See the root.
Filicula, polypidium. > See the roots. Genista. Brooms : hot and dry in the
Filipendula. j second degree, cleanse and open thestomach,
Malahathram. Indian -leaf, hot and dry j
break the stone in the reins and bladder,
in the second degree, comforts the stomach j help the green sickness. Let such as are
exceedingly, helps digestion, provokes { troubled with heart-qualms or faintings,
urine, helps inflammations of the eyes, ;
forbear it, for it weakens the heart and
secures cloaths from moths. spirit vital. See the flowers.
Ffeniciilum. Fennel, encreaseth milk in Geranium. Cranebill, the divers sorts of
nurses, provokes urine, breaks the stone, it, one of which is that which is called
j
easeth pains in the reins, opens stoppings, \
Muscata; it is thought to be cool and dry,
breaks wind, provokes the menses; you j helps hot swellings, and by its smell amends
may boil it in white wine. hot brain.
ja
238 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Geranium Columbinum. Doves-foot helps milk in nurses, and outwardly by ointment
; i

the wind cholic, pains in the belly, stone in helps leprosies.

,

the reins and bladder, and is good in rup- Herntaria.|

The same with Empetron.
tures, and inward wounds. I suppose these \ Hehine. Pellitory of the wall. Cold,
are the general virtues of them all. moist, cleansing, helps the stone and gravel
j

Gramen. Grass See the root.

: in the kidnies, difficulty of urine, sore
Gratiola. Hedge-Hyssop, purges water throats, pains in the ears, the juice being
and flegm, but works very churlishly. dropped in them ; outwardly it helps the
Gesner commends it in dropsies. shingles and St. Anthony sfire.
}

Asphodelus fcem. See the root. Hyppoglossnm. Horse-tongue, Tongue-

Hepatica, Lichen. Liverwort, cold and blade or
:
Double-Tongue. The roots help
dry, good for inflammations of the liver, the stranguary, provoke urine, ease the
;

or any other inflammations, yellow jaundice. I hard labour of women, provoke the menses,
Hedera Arborea, Terrostris. Tree and the herb helps ruptures and the fits of the
i

'

Ground-Ivy. Tree-Ivy helps ulcers, burn- mother it is hot in the second degree, dry
:

ings, scaldings, the bad effects of the spleen in the first

; boil it in white wine.
:

the juice snuffed up the nose, purges the Hyppolapathum. Patience, or Monk's
head, it is admirable for surfeits or head- Rhubarb : see the Root.
ache, or any other ill effects coming of Hypposclinum. Alexanders, or Alisan-
drunkenness. Ground-Ivy is that which ders :
provoke urine, expel the placenta,
usually is called Alehoof, hot and dry, the help the stranguary, expel wind.
juice helps noise in the ears, fistula's, gouts, Sage either taken inwardly or beaten and
stoppings of the liver, it strengthens the applied plaister-wise to the matrix, draws
reins and stops the menses, helps the yellow forth bothmenses and placenta.
jaundice, and other diseases coming of Horminum. Clary hot and dry : in the
stoppings of the liver, and is excellent for third degree; helps the weakness in the
wounded people. back, stops the running of the reins, and
Herba Camphorata. Stinking Ground- the Fluor Albus, provokes the menses, and
pine, is of a drying quality, and therefore helps women that are barren through cold-
stops defluxions either in the eyes or upon ness or moisture, or both : causes fruitful-
the lungs, the gout, cramps, palsies, aches : ness, but is hurtful for the memory. The
strengthens the nerves. usual way of taking it is to fry it with but-
Herbu Paralysis, Primula veris. Prim- ter, or make a tansy with it.
roses, or Cowslips, which you will. The Hydropiper. Arsmart. Hot and dry,
leaves help pains in the head and joints ; consumes all coJd swellings and blood con-
see the flowers which are most in use. gealed by bruises, and stripes
; applied to
Herba Paris. Herb True-love, or One- the place,
helps that it
aposthume in the
berry. It is good for wounds, falls, bruises, | joints, commonly called a felon : strewed
aposthumes, inflammations, ulcers in the in a chamber, kills all the fleas there : this
privities. Herb True-love, is very cold in is hottest Arsmart, and is unfit to be given
temperature. You may take half a dram inwardly there is a milder sort, called
:

of it at a time in powder. Persicaria, which is of a cooler and milder

Herba Roberti. A
kind of Cranebill. quality, drying, excellently good for putri-
Herba venti^ Anemone. Wind-flower. The ned ulcers, kills worms : I had almost for-
juice snuffed up in the nose purgeth the got that the former is an admirable remedy
head, it cleanses filthy ulcers, encreases for the gout, being roasted between two
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 239

tiles and applied to the grieved place, and as also inflammation and falling out of the
j

yet 1 had it from Dr. Butler too. fundament.

Hysopus. Hysop. Helps coughs, short- Iris. See the roots.
j

ness of breath, wheezing, distillations upon Isatis, Glastmn. Woad. Drying and
theiungs: it is of a cleansing quality
kills binding ; the side
:
being bathed with it, it
worms in the body, amends the whole easeth pains in the spleen, cleanseth filthy
colour of the body, helps the dropsy and corroding gnawing ulcers.
spleen, sore throats, and
noise in the ears. Iva Arthritica. The same with
Cameepytis,
See Syrup of Hysop. luncus oderatus. The same with Schce-
Hyosciamus, $c. Henbane. The white! nanthus.
Henbane is held to be cold in the third \ Labrum veneris. The same with Dipsacus.
degree, the black or common Henbane and j Lactuca. Lettice. Cold and moist, cools
the yellow, in the fourth. They stupify the inflammation of the stomach, commonly
\

the senses, and therefore not to be taken \ called heart-burning: provokes sleep, resists
inwardly, outwardly applied, they help; drunkenness, and takes away the ill effects,
inflammations, hot gouts applied to the of it; cools the blood, quenches thirst, breeds
:

temples they provoke sleep. milk, and is

good for choleric bodies, and
St. John's Wort. It is as such as have a frenzy, or are frantic. It is
Hypericon.
gallant a wound-herb as any is, either more !wholesome eaten boiled than raw.
given inwardly, or outwardly applied toj Logabus, Herba Leporina. A kind of
the wound it is hot and dry, opens stopp- Trefoil growing in France and Spain.
: ! Let
ings, helps spitting and vomiting of blood, them i that live there look after the virtues
it cleanses the reins, provokes the menses, of it.

helps congealed blood in the stomach and Lavendida. Lavender Hot and dry in :

meseraic veins, the falling-sickness, palsy, the third degree the temples and forehead
:

cramps and aches in the joints ; you may bathed with the juice of it; as also the smell
give it in powder or any convenient decoc- of the herb helps swoonings, catalepsis,
,

tion. falling-sickness, provided it be not accom-

Hypoglottis, Laurus, Alexandrina. Laurel panied with a fever. See the flowers.
of Alexandria, provokes urine and the Laureola. Laurel. The leaves purge
menses, and is held to be a singular help to upward and downward they are good for :

women in travail. rheumatic people to chew in their mouths,

the same with for they draw forth much water.
:

Hypoglossum, Hypoglossum
before, only different names given by dif- Laurus. Bay-tree. The leaves are hot
ferent authors, the one deriving his name and dry, resist drunkenness, they gently
from the tongue of a horse, of which form bind and help diseases in the bladder, help
the leaf is ; the other the form of the little the stinging of bees and wasps, mitigate
!

leaf, because small leaves like small tongues t the pain of the stomach, dry and heal,

grow upon the greater. open obstructions of the liver and spleen,
Iheris Cardamantice. Sciati ca- cresses. resist the pestilence.
|

I suppose so called because they help the \Lappa Minor. The lesser Burdock.
Sciatica, or Huckle-bone Gout. Lentiscus. Mastich-tree. Both the leaves
Ingunialis, Asther. Setwort or and bark of it stop fluxes (being hot and
Shart-j
wort : being bruised and applied, they help dry in the second degree) spitting and
I

swellings, botches, and venerous swellings j evacuations of blood, and the falling out
groin, whence they took their name, of the fundament.
in the 5
240 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Lens palustris. Duckmeat :Cold and \
provoke urine , the young sprouts open
moist in the second degree, helps inflamrna- ;
stoppings of the liver and spleen, cleanse
tions, hot swellings, and the falling out of | the blood, clear the skin, help scabs and
the fundament, being warmed and applied J help agues, purge choler: they are
itch,
to the place. { usually boiled and taken as they eat asparagus,
Lcpidium Piperites. Dittander, Pepper- but if you would keep them, for they are
\

wort, or Scar-wort : A
hot fiery sharp herb, excellent for these diseases, you may make
j
admirable for the gout being applied to the \ them into a conserve, or into a syrup,
place being only held in the hand, it helps j
:
Lychnitis Coronaria : or as others write
the tooth-ache, and withall leaves a wan Rose Campion. I know no
jit, Lychnis.
colour in the hand that holds it. I
great physical virtue it hath.
Livisticum. Lovage. Clears the sight, ! Mads. See the barks,
takes away redness and freckles from the I Magistrantia. $c. Masterwort. Hot and
face. i dry in the third
degree it is good against
:

Libanotis Coronaria. See Rosemary. ; poison, corrupt and unwhole-

pestilence,
Linaria. Toad-flax, or Wild-flax: hot I some air,
helps windiness in the stomach,
and dry, cleanses the reins and bladder, \ causeth an appetite to one's victuals, very
provokes urine, opens the stoppings of the in falls and bruises,
\ profitable congealed
liver and spleen, and helps diseases
coming j and clotted blood, the bitings of mad-dogs;
thereof: outwardly it takes away yellow- the leaves chewed in the mouth, cleanse the
i

ness and deformity of the skin. \ brain of

superfluous humours, thereby pre-
Lillium convallium. Lilly of the Valley. 5 venting lethargies, and apoplexes.
See the flowers. Malva. Mallows. The best of Authors
Lingua Cervina. Hart's-tongue :
drying | account wild Mallows to be best, and hold
and binding, stops blood, the menses and them to be cold and moist in the first degree,
j

fluxes, opens stoppings of the liver and [ they are profitable in the bitings of venom-
spleen, and diseases thence arising. The j ous beasts, the stinging of bees and wasps,
like quantity of Hart's-tongue,
Knotgrass &c. Inwardly they resist poison, provoke
j

and Comfrey Roots, being boiled in water, to stool ; outwardly they assuage hard
and a draught of the decoction drunk every swellings of the privities or other places; in
morning, and the materials which have clysters they help roughness and fretting of
boiled applied to the place, is a notable the entrails, bladder, or fundament ; and so
remedy for such as are bursten. they do being boiled in water, and the
Limonium. Sea-bugloss, or Marsh-bug- decoction drank, as I have proved in the
loss, or Sea-Lavender; the seeds being very bloody flux.
drying and binding, slop fluxes and the Majorana. See Amaraeus.
menses, help the cholic and stranguary. Mandragora. Mandrakes. Fit for no
Lotus urbana. Authors make some flutter vulgar use, but only to be used in cooling
j

about this herb, I conceive the best take \t\ ointments.

to be Trisolium Odoratum, Sweet TrefoylJ Marrubium, album, nigrum, fcetidum.
which is of a
temperate nature, cleanses Marrubium
|
album, is common Horehound.
the eyes gently of such things as hinder the Hot in the second degree, and dry in the
1

sight, cures green wounds, ruptures, or third, opens the liver and spleen, cleanses
j

burstness, helps such as urine blood or are! the breast and lungs, helps old coughs,
bruised, and secures garments from moths. pains in the sides, ptisicks, or ulceration of
!

Lupidus. Hops. Opening, cleansing, the lungs, it provokes the menses, eases
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 241

hard labour in child-bearing, brings away stomach, stay vomiting, stop the menses,
i

the placenta. Se the syrups. help sore heads in children, strengthen the
;

Marrubium, nigrum, ct fcetidum. Black stomach, cause digestion ; outwardly ap-

and stinking Horehouud, I take to be all plied, they help the bitings of mad-dogs :

one. Hot and dry in the third degree; Yet they hinder conception.
cures the bitings of mad dogs, wastes and | Memba aquatica. "Water Mints Ease :

consumes hard knots in the fundament and pains of the belly, head-ache, and vomiting,
\

matrix, cleanses filthy ulcers. i

gravel in the kidnies and stone.
Marum. Herb Mastich. Hot and dry \ Methastrum. Horse-mint. I know no
in the third degree, good against cramps difference between them and water mints,
and convulsions. Mercurialis, mas,fcemina. Mercury male
Matricaria. Feverfew. Hot in the third? and female, they are both hot and dry in
the second degree, cleansing, digesting, they
degree, dry in the second ; opens, purges ; \

a singular remedy for diseases incident to j purge watery humours, and further concep-
the matrix, and other diseases incident to tion. j

women, eases their travail, and infirmities Mezereon.

j Spruge-Olive, or Widdow-
coming after it
; it
helps the vertigo or dis-i wail. A dangerous purge, better let alone
siness of the head, melancholy sad thoughts [than meddled with.
:

you may boil it either alone, or with other j Millefolium. Yarrow. Meanly cold and
herbs fit for the same purpose, with which binding, an healing herb for wounds,
|

this treatise will furnish you :

applied to stanches bleeding and some say the juice
j
;

the wrists, it helps the ague. snuffed up the nose, causeth it to bleed,
{

Matrisylva. The same with Caprifolium. \ whence it was called, Nose-bleed; it

Meliotus. Melilot. Inwardly taken, pro- stops lasks, and the menses, helps the
j

vokes urine, breaks the Stone, cleanses the running of the reins, helps inflammations
reins and bladder, cutteth and cleanses the and excoriations of the priapus, as also
lungs of tough flegm , the juice dropped inflammations of wounds. Galen.
into the eyes, clears the sight, into the ears,
j
'
Muicia. Mosse. Is something cold and
mitigates pain and noise there ; the head binding, yet usually retains a smatch of the
bathed with the juice mixed with vinegar, property of the tree it grows on; therefore
takes away the pains thereof: outwardly that which grows upon oaks is very dry and
in pultisses, it assuages swellings in the pri- binding. Serapio saith that it being infused
vities and elsewhere. in wine, and the wine drank, it stays vorait-
Mellissa. Balm. Hot and dry: out- ing and fluxes, as also the Fluor Albus.
wardly mixed with salt and applied to the: Myrtus. Myrtle-tree. The leaves are
neck, helps the King's-evil, bitings of mad 'of a cold earthly quality, drying and birid-
dogs, venomous beasts, and such as cannot ing, good for fluxes, spitting and vomiting of
\

hold their neck as they should do; inwardly blood ; stop the Fluor Albus and menses.
it is an excellent remedy for a cold and j
Nardus. See the root,
moist stomach, cheers the heart, refreshes
j
Nasturtium, Aquaticum, Hortense. Water
the mind, takes away griefs, sorrow, and \ cresses, and Garden-cresses. Garden-
care, instead of which it produces joy and j cresses are hot and dry in the fourth degree,
mirth. See the syrup. Galen, Avicenna. good for thes curvy, sciatica, hard swellings,
\

Mentha sativa. Garden Mints, Spear yet do they trouble the belly, ease pains o
!

Mints. Are hot and dry in the third degree, \ the spleen, provoke lust. Dioscorides. Water-
provoke hunger, are wholesome for the cresses are hot and dry, cleanse the blood
\ f
242 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
help the scurvy, provoke urine and the travel four days without either meat or
menses, break the stone, help the green-sick- j
drink, by only chewing a little of this in
ness, cause a fresh lively colour. mouths It eases the body o* super-
their :

Nasturtium Alhum, Thlaspie. Treacle-

fluous humours, opens stoppings See the
mustard. Hot and dry in the third degree, ointment of Tobacco.
purges violently, dangerous for pregnant Nummularia. Money-wort, or Herb
women. Outwardly it is applied with profit Two-pence; cold, dry, binding, helps fluxes,
to the gout. stops the menses, helps ulcers in the lungs
|
;

Nicorimi. Tobacco. It is hot and dry outwardly it is a special herb for wounds,
*

in the second degree, and of a cleansing Nymphea. See the flowers,

\
*
nature the leaves warmed and applied to
:
Ocynum. Basil, hot and moist. The best
the head, are excellently good in inveterate use that I know of it, is, it gives speedy
j

head-aches and megrims, if the diseases | deliverance to women in travail. Let them
come through cold or wind, change them not take above half a dram of it at a time
|

often till the diseases be gone, help such in powder, and be sure also the birth be
j

whose necks be stiff: it eases the faults of tripe, else it causes abortion,
the breast Asthma's or head-flegm in the
: Olea folia. Olive leaves they are hard
\
:

lappets of the lungs eases the pains of the to come by here.

: i

stomach and windiness thereof: being heated Ononis. Restharrow. See the roots,
|

by the fire, and applied hot to the side, they \ Ophioglossum. Adder's-tongue. The leaves
loosen the belly, and kill worms being ap- are very drying
\ being boiled in oil they :

plied unto it in like manner they break: make a dainty green balsam for green
|

the stone being applied in like manner to wounds taken inwardly, they help inward
j
:

the region of the bladder help the rickets, wounds.

:
j

being applied to the belly and sides: applied ] Origanum. Origany: a kind of wild
to the navel, they give present ease to the Marjoram ; hot and dry in the third degree,
|

fits of the mother they take away cold helps the bi tings of venomous beasts, such
: i

aches in the joints applied to them boiled, as have taken Opium, Hemlock, or Poppy
: ;
j

the liquor absolutely and speedily cures ) provokes urine, brings down the menses,
scabs and itch: neither is there any better? helps old coughs; in an ointment it
helps
salve in the world for wounds than may be |
scabs and itch.
made of it for it cleanses, fetches out the
:
i
Oxylapathum. Sorrel. See Acetosa.
filth
though it lie in the bones, brings up the j
Papaver, $c. Poppies, white, black, or
flesh from the bottom, and all this it doth J
erratick. I refer you to the syrups of each,
speedily it cures wounds made with poi- j
: Parietaria. Given once before under the
soned weapons, and for this Clusius brings name of Helxine.
many experiences too tedious here to relate. Pastirwea. Parsnips. See the roots.
It is an admirable thing for carbuncles and Persicaria. See Hydropiper. This is the
plague-sores, inferior to none green wounds milder sort of Arsmart I described there:
:
;

'twill cure in a trice ulcers and gangreens If ever you find it amongst the compounds,
:
j

very speedily, not only in men, but also in j take it under that notion,
beasts, therefore the Indians dedicated it to j Pentaphyllium. Cinquefoil : very drying,
their god. Taken in a pipe, it hath almost! yet but meanly hot, if at all ; helps ulcers
as many virtues ; it easeth weariness, takes j in the mouth, roughness of the wind-pipe
away the sense of hunger and pro- (whence comes hoarsness and coughs, &c.)
thirst, j

vokes to stool : he saith, the Indians will helps fluxes, creeping ulcers, and the yellow
!
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 243

all inward inflammations whatsoever,

jaundice ; they say one leaf cures a quoti- j helps
dian ague, three a tertain, and four a I Poirum. Leeks. See the roots,
quartan. I know it will cure agues without j
Primula Veris. See Cowslips, or the
this curiosity, if a wise man have the hand- \ Flowers, which you will,
ling of it ; otherwise a cart load
will not j
Prunella. Self-heal, Carpenter's-herb,
do it. |
and Sicklewort. Moderately hot and dry,
Petroseiinum. Parsley. See Smallage. ;
binding. See Bugle, the virtues being the
Per Columbinus. See Geranium. same. \

Persicanum folia. Peach Leaves: they] Pulegium. Pennyroyal; hot and dry in
are a gentle, yet a complete purger of [the third degree; provokes urine, breaks
choler, and disease coming from thence the stone in the reins, strengthens women's
;
J

n't for children because of their gentleness. backs, provokes the menses, easeth their
5

You may boil them in white wine: a hand- labour in child-bed, brings away the pla-
\

full is enough at a time. centa, stays vomiting, strengthens the brain,

j

Pilosella. Mouse-ear once before and breaks wind, and helps the vertigo,
:
j

this is often enough. Pulmonaria, arborea, et Symphytum macii-

Pithyusa. A new name for
Spurge of losum. Lung- wort. It helps infirmities of
j

the last Edition. the lungs, as hoarsness, coughs, wheezing,

Plantago. Plantain. Cold and dry ; an shortness of breath, &c.
j
You may boil it
herb, though common, yet let none des- in Hyssop-water, or any other water that
pise it, for the decoction of it
prevails strengthens the lungs.
mightily against tormenting pains and ex- Pulicaria. Fleabane hot and dry in the ;

coriations of the entrails, bloody fluxes, it third degree, helps the biting of venomous
j

stops the menses, and spitting of blood, j beasts, wounds and swellings, the } ellow
r

phthisicks, or consumptions of the lungs, jaundice, the falling sickness, and such as
5

the running of the reins, and the Fluor cannot make water; being burnt, the smoak
;

Albus, pains in the head, and frenzies: out- of it kills all the gnats and fleas in the
\

wardly clears the sight, takes away in-

it
j
chamber ; it is
dangerous for pregnant
flammations, scabs, itch, the shingles, and ; women.
all
spreading sores, and is as wholesome an Pyrus sylvestris. Wild Pear-tree. I
herb as can grow about any an house. |
know no virtue in the leaves.
Tragus, Dioscorides. Pyrola. Winter-green. Cold and dry,
Folium, fyc. Policy, or Pellamountain :
j
and very binding, slops fluxes, and the
All the sorts are hot in the second degree, menses, and is admirably good in green
and dry in the third: helps dropsies, the yel- wounds.
low jaundice, infirmities of the spleen, and Quercus folia. Oak Leaves Are much :

provokes urine. Dioscorides. \

of the nature of the former, stay the Fluor
Polygonum. Knotgrass. \
Albus. See the bark.
Polytricum. Maidenhair. Ranunculus. Hath got a sort of English
Portulaca. Purslain: Cold and moist Names
j
:
Crowfoot, King-kob, Gold-cups,
in the second or third degree cools hot
:
Gold-knobs, Butter-flowers, &c. they are
stomachs, and it is admirable for one that i of a notable hot quality, unfit to be taken
hath his teeth on edge by eating sour apples, inwardly If you bruise the roots and apply
j
:

it cools the blood, liver, and is

good for hot them to a plague-sore, they are notable
i

diseases, or inflammations in any of these j things to draw the venom to them,

places, stops fluxes, and the menses, and j Raparum folia. If they do mean Turnip
3 K
241 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
leaves, when they are young and tender, ;
the boughs stuck about a chamber, wonder-
they are held to provoke urine. \ fully cool the air, and refresh such as have'
Rosmarirum. Rosemary, hot and dry in i fevers ; the leaves applied to the head,
the second degree, binding, stops fluxes, help hot diseases there, and frenzies
j

helps stuffings in the head, the yellow jaun- Sampsucum. Marjoram,

1

dice, helps the memory, expels wind. Seej

Sunicula. Sanicle; hot and dry in the
the flowers. Serapio, Dioscorides. second
j
degree, cleanses wounds and ulcers.
Rosa soils. See the water. Saponaria. Sope-wort, or Bruise-wort,
Rosa alba, rubra, Damascena. White, vulgarly used in bruises and cut fingers,
j

Red, and Damask Roses. ! and is of notable use in the veneral disease.
Rumex. Dock All the ordinary sort of
; Satureia. Savory. Summer
savory is
Docks are of a cool and drying substance, hot and dry in the third degree, Winter
and therefore stop fluxes; and the leaves i
savory is not so hot, both of them expel
are seldom used in physic. |
wind.
Ritbits Idaus Raspis, Raspberries, or
: 2
Sazifragia alba. White Saxifrage, breaks
Hind-berries I know no great virtues in
:
| wind, helps the cholic and stone,
the leaves. Scabiosa. Scabious hot and dry in the
:
j
Ruta. Rue, or Herb of Grace ; hot and j
second degree, cleanses the breast and lungs,
dry in the third degree, consumes the seed,; helps old rotten coughs, and difficulty of
and is an enemy to generation, helps dif-j breathing, provokes urine, and cleanses the
ficulty of breathing, and inflammations of: bladder of filthy stuff, breaks aposthumes,
the lungs, pains in the sides, inflammations \ and cures scabs and itch. Boil it in white
of the priapus and matrix, naught for preg- \
wine.
nant women: no herb resists poison more. 1
Scariola. An Italian name for Succory.
It strengthens the heart exceedingly, and Schccnanthus. Schcenanth, Squinanth,
j

no herb better than this in

pestilential;
or Chamel's hay; hot and binding. It
times, take it what manner you will or can. digests [
and opens the passages of the veins:
Ruta Muraria. See Adianthum. surely it is as great an expeller of wind as
j
Sabina. Savin: hot and dry in the third any is.j

degree, potently provokesthemenses,expels | Scordium. Water-Germander, hot and

both birth and afterbirth, they (boiled in dry, cleanses ulcers in the inward parts, it
\

oil and used in ointments) stay

creeping provokes urine and the menses, opens
\

ulcers, scour away spots, freckles and sun- stopping of the liver, spleen, reins, bladder,
j

burning from the face the belly anointed and matrix, it is a great counter poison, and
; s

with it kills worms in children. j

eases the breast oppressed with flegm see :

Salvia. Sage: hot and dry in the second Diascordium.

1

or third degree, binding, it stays abortion Scrophularia. Figwort, so called of

in such women as are subject to come before Scrophula^ the King's Evil, which it cures
\

their times, it causes fruitfulness, it is sin- they say, by being only hung about the
1

gularly good for the brain, strengthens the \ neck. If not, bruise it, and apply it to
senses and memory, helps spitting and the place, it helps the piles or hemorrhoids,
j

vomiting of blood outwardly, heat hot

:
I;
Sedum. And all his sorts see Barba :

with a little vinegar and applied to the side, Jovis.

i

helps stitches <md pains in the sides. Senna. It heats in the second degree
SalLr. Willow leaves, are cold, dry, and and dries in the first, cleanses, purges, and
j

it carries downward both choler,

binding, stop spitting of blood, and fluxes; [digests;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 2k5

flegm, and melancholy, it cleanses the :

usually found about old ruinous buildings :

brain, heart, liver, spleen; it cheers the; it is so called because of its virtue "in
senses, opens obstructions, takes away dul- j stopping fluxes.
ness of sight, helps deafness, helps mclan- \ Shinachia. Spinage. I never read
any
clioly and madness, resists resolution of the i
physical virtues of it.

nerves, pains of the head, scabs, itch, fall- <

Spina Alba. See the root.
ing-sickness, the windiness of it is corrected !
Spica. See Nardus.
with a little ginger. You may boil half an \ St<zbe. Silver Knapweed: The virtues
ounce of it at a time, in water or white \ be the same with Scabious, and some think
wine, but boil it not too much ; half an I the herbs too though I am of another
;

ounce is a moderate dose to be boiled for j opinion.

any reasonable body. \
Stccchas. French Lavender. Cassidony,
Serpillum. Mother-of-Time, with Time ; \ isa great counterpoison, opens obstructions
it is hot and
dry in the third degree, it pro- j of the liver and spleen, cleanses the matrix
vokes the menses, and helps the stranguary \
and bladder, brings out corrupt humours,
or stoppage of urine, gripings in the belly, \ provokes urine.
ruptures, convulsions, inflammation of the >
Succisa^ Marsus Diaboli. DevilVbit.
liver, lethargy, and infirmities of the spleen, j Hot and dry in thesecond degree: inwardly
boil it in white wine. Mtius, Galen. \
taken, it eases the fits of the mother, and
Sigillum Solomonis. Solomon's seal. See breaks wind, takes away swellings in the
;

the root. mouth, and slimy flegm that stick to the

j

Smyrnium. Alexander of Crete. jaws, neither is there a more present remedy

Solanum. cold and in the world for those cold
Night-shade :
very swellings in
dry, binding; it is somewhat dangerous the neck which the vulgar call the almonds
given inwardly, unless by a skilful hand of ;
thej ears, than this herb bruised and
oxitwardly it helps the Shingles, <Stf. Anthony's applied to them.
\

fire, and other hot inflammations. Sitchaha. An Egyptian Thorn. Very

Soldanella. Bindweed, hot and dry in hard, if
j
not impossible to come by here,
the second degree, it opens obstructions of j Tanacetum. Tansy hot in the second :

the liver, and purges watery humours, and degree and dry in the third
\
the very smell
;

is therefore
very profitable in dropsies, it is of it stays abortion, or miscarriages in
very hurtful to the stomach, and therefore women j
; so it doth being bruised and ap-
if taken
inwardly it had need be well cor- plied to their navels, provokes urine, and
5

rected with cinnamon, ginger, or annis- f is a special help against the gout,
seed, &c. Taraxacon. Dandelion, or to write better
Sonchns levis Asper. Sow-thistles smooth French, Dent-de-lion, for in plain English,
j

and rough, they are of a cold, watery, yet lit is called lyon's tooth it is a kind of Sue- ;

binding quality, good for frenzies, they cory, and

|
thither I refer you.
increase milk in nurses, and cause the chil- Tamariscus. Tamiris. It hath a dry
dren which they nurse to have a good cleansing quality, and hath a notable virtue
colour, help gnawings of the stomach against the rickets, and infirmities of the
j

coming of a hot cause ; outwardly they spleen, provokes the menses. Galen, Dios-
5

help inflammations, and hot swellings, cool corides. j

the heat of the fundament and
privities. TelepJiium. A kind of Opine.
Soplii Chiritrgorum. Fluxweed drying \
:
Thlaspi. See Nasturtium.
without any manifest heat or coldness it is Thymbra.
; I A wild Savory.
24G THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Thymum. Thyme. Hot and dry a digesting, cleansing quality, stops fluxes
in the
third degree; helps coughs and shortness of and the hemorrhoids, it cures hoarseness,
breath, provokes the menses, brings away the cough, and such as are broken winded
dead children and the after birth purges Verbena,
; Vervain hot and dry, a great
;
:

flegm, cleanses the breast and lungs, reins opener, cleanser, healer, it helps the yellow
\

and matrix ; helps the sciatica, pains in jaundice, defects in the reins and bladder,
;

the breast, expels wind in any part of the pains in the head ; if it be but bruised and
body, resists fearfulness and melancholy, hung about the neck all diseases in the
~-* -
I

continual pains in the head, and is profita- privities made into an ointment it is a
: ;

ble for such as have the falling-sickness to sovereign remedy for old head-aches, as
smell to. 1 also frenzies, it clears the skin, and causes
Thijmtelea. The Greek name Spurge- for a lovely colour.
Olive Mezereon being the Arabick name.
: Voronica. See Betonica Pauli.
Tithymallus, Esula, fyc. Spurge. Hot Violaria. Violet Leaves they are cool,
:

and dry in the fourth degree a dogged : ease pains in the head proceeding of heat
purge, better let alone than taken inwardly: and frenzies, either inwardly taken, or out-
hair anointed with the juice of it will fall wardly applied ; heat of the stomach, or in-
oft': it kills fish, being mixed with any flammation of thl lungs.
thing that they will eat: outwardly it Vitis Viniseria. The manured Vine the :

cleanses ulcers, takes away freckles, sun- leaves are binding and cool withal ; the

burning and morphew from the face. (

burnt ashes of the sticks of a vine, scour
Tormentilla. See the root. the teeth and make them as white as snow
Trinitatis herba. Pansies, or Heart's- the leaves stop bleeding, fluxes, heart-
j

ease They are cold and moist, both herbs burnings, vomitings as also the longings
: ;
j
and flowers, excellent against inflammations of pregnant women. The coals of a burnt
\

of the breast or lungs, convulsions or fall- Vine, in powder, mixed with honey, doth
t

ing-sickness, also they are held to be good

make the teeth as white as ivory, which are
j

for venereal complaints. rubbed with it. \

Trifolium. Trefoil: dry in the third I Vincitoxicum. Swallow-wort. A pultis

degree, and cold : The ordinary Meadow made with \ the leaves helps sore breasts, and
Trefoil, cleanses the bowelsof slimy humours |
also soreness of the matrix,
that stick to them, being used either in \ Virga Pastoris. A third name for Tea-
drinks or clysters ; outwardly they take \
zles. See Dipsatus.
away inflammations. Virga Aurea. See Consolida.
Tussilago. Colt's-foot :
something cold Ulmaria. See the root. Meadsweet.
j

and dry, and therefore good for inflamma- \

Umbslicus Veneris. Navil-wort Cold, :

tions, they are admirably good for coughs, dry, and binding, therefore helps all iri-
j

and consumptions of the lungs, shortness flammations they are very good for kibed
s ;

of breath, &c. It is often used and with heels, being bathed with it and a leaf laid
\

good success taken in a tobacco-pipe, being \

over the sore.
cut and mixed with a little oil of annis Urtica. Nettles: an herb so Avell known,
|

seeds. See the Syrup of Colt's-foot. \

that you may find them by the feeling in
Valeriana. Valerian, or Setwall. See {
the darkest night they are something hot,
:

the roots. not very hot ; the juice stops bleeding ;

j

Verbascum, Thapsus Barbatits. Mullin, they provoke lust, help difficulty of breath-
or Higtaper, It is something dry, and of | ing, pleurisies, inflammations of the lungs,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 247

that troublesome cough that women call Winter-Gilliflowers, or Wall-flowers, help

the Chincough ; they exceedingly break 'inflammation of the womb, provoke the
the stone, provoke urine, and help such as | menses, and help ulcers in the mouth.
cannot hold their necks upright. Boil Honey-suckles, provoke urine, ease the
{

them in white wine. pains of the spleen, and such as can hardly
j

Usnea. Moss ; once before. fetch their breath.

Mallows, help coughs.
Red Roses, cool, bind, strengthen both
vital and animal virtue, restore such as are
FLOWERS. in consumptions, strengthen. There are
BORAGE, and Bugloss flowers strengthen 5 so many compositions of them which makes
the brain,and are profitable in fevers. me more ; brief in the simples.
Chamomel flowers, heat and assuage Violets, (to wit, the blue ones,) cool and
swellings, inflammation of the bowels, dis- j
moisten, provoke sleep, loosen the belly,
solve wind, are profitably given in clysters ! resist fevers, help inflammations, correct
or drink, to such as are troubled with the the heat of choler, ease the pains in the
cholic, or stone. head, help the roughness of the wind-pipe,
Stcechea, opens stoppings in the bowels, diseases in the throat, inflammations in the
and strengthens the whole body. breast and sides, plurisies, open stoppings
Saffron powerfully concocts, and sends of the and help the yellow jaundice.
liver,
out whatever humour offends the body, Chicory, (or Succory as the vulgar call
drives back inflammations applied outward-
; it) cools and strengthens the liver, so doth

ly, encreases venery, and provokes urine.

Endive.
Clove-Gilliftowers, resist the pestilence, lilies ease
fyaiev pains of the head com-
and
strengthen the heart, liver, and stomach, and ing of choler heat, provoke sleep, cool
provoke venery. inflammations, and the hrat in fevers.
Schomanth (which I touched slightly Pom fgranule-flowers, dry and bind, stop
amongst the herbs) provokes urine potently, fluxes, and the menses.

provokes the menses, breaks wind, helps Cowslips, strengthen the brain, sense*,
such as spit or vomit blood, eases pains of and memory,' exceedingly, resist all dis-
the stomach, reins, and spleen, helps drop- eases there, as convulsions, falling-sickness,
sies, convulsions, and inflammations of the
\
palsies, &c.
womb. Ccntaury, purgescholerand grosshumours
Lavender-bowers, resist all cold afflic- *
helps the yellow jaundice, opens obstruc-
tions of the liver, helps pains of the spleen,
:

tions of the brain, convulsions, falling-sick- i

ness, they strengthen cold stomachs, and provokes the menses, brings away birth
open obstructions of the liver, they provoke i
and afterbirth.
urine and the menses, bring forth the birth Elder flowers, help dropsies, cleanse the
and placenta. blood, clear the skin, open stoppings of the
Hops, open stoppings of the bowels, i liver and spleen, and diseases arising there-
and for that cause beer is better than ale. from.
Balm-flowers, cheer the heart and
vital Bean-flowers, clear the skin, stop humours
strengthen the stomach.
spirits, flowing into the eyes
Rosemary-flowers, strengthen the brain Peach-tree flowers, purge choler gently
exceedingly, and resist madness clear the ; Broom-flowers, purge Avater, and are good
sight. Jin dropsies.
3 s
2 JO THE COMPLETE HERBAL
The temperature of all these differ either! Cloves, help digestion, stop looseness, pro-
very little or not at all from the herbs. i voke lust, and quicken the sight
The way of using the flowers I did for-; Pepper, binds, expels wind, helps the
bear, because most of them may, and arejcholic, quickens digestion oppressed with
usually made into conserves, of which you cold, heats the stomach.
may take the quantity of a nutmeg in the Quinces. See the Compositions.
morning; all of them may be kept dry a| Pears are grateful to the stomach, dry-
year, and boiled with other herbs conducing ing, and therefore help fluxes.
\

to the cures they do. All plums that are sharp or

sour, are
binding, the sweet are loosening.
Cucumbers, cool the stomach, and are
FRUITS AND THEIR BUDS. good against ulcers in the bladder.
Galls, are exceeding binding, help ulcers
Green Figs, are held to be of ill
juice, but in the mouth, wasting of the gums, ease
the best is, we are not much troubled with the pains of the teeth, help the falling out
them in England; dry figs help coughs, of the womb and fundament, make the
cleanse the breast, and help infirmities of the hair black,\

lungs, shortness of wind, they loose thej Pompiotis are a cold and moist fruit, of
belly, purge the reins, help inflammations $ small nourishment, they provoke urine,
of the liver and spleen ; outwardly they dis- outwardly applied ; the flesh of them helps
\

solve swellings. inflammations and burnings; applied to the

!

Pine-nuts, restore such as are in con- forehead they help inflammations of theeyes.
sumptions, amend the failings of the lungs, Melons, have few other virtues.
concoct flegm, and yet are nviught for such Apricots, are very grateful to the stomach,
as are troubled with the head-ache. and dry up the humours thereof. Peaches
Dates, are binding, stop eating ulcers are held to do the like.
being applied to them they are very good
; Cubebs, are hot and dry-in the third de-
for weak stomachs, for they soon digest, and gree, they expel wind, and cleanse the
I

breed good nourishment, they help infir- stomach of tough and viscous humours, they
i

mities of the reins, bladder, and womb. lease the pains of the spleen, and help cold
Sebestens, cool choler, violent heat of the diseases of the womb, they cleanse the head
>

stomach, help roughness of the tongue and of flegm and strengthen the brain, they heat
i

wind-pipe, cool the reins and bladder. the stomach and provoke venery.
Raisins of the Sun, help infirmities of the Bitter Almonds, are hot in the first degree
breast and liver, restore consumptions, and dry in the second, they cleanse and cut
gently cleanse and 'move to stool. thick humours, cleanse the lungs and eaten ,

pestilence-, every morning, they are held

Walnuts, kill worms, resist the i to preserve
(I mean the green ones, not the dry.) from drunkenness.
Capers eaten before meals, provoke hun- \ Bay-berries, heat, expel wind, mitigate
gcr. pain are excellent for cold infirmities of
|
;

Nutmegs^ strengthen the brain, stomach, the womb, and dropsies, |

and liver, provoke urine, ease the pains Cherries, are of different qualities accord-
ofj
the spleen, stop looseness, ease pains of the ing to their different taste, the sweet arc
|

head, and pains in the joints, strengthen the': quickest of digestion, but the sour arc more
body, take away weakness coining of cold,'| pleasing to a hot stomach, and procure
and cause a sweet breath. .j appetite
to one's meat.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 219

Medlars,are strengthening to the stomach, confident a child of three years old, it' you
j

inding, and the green are more binding should give it Raisins of the sun or Cherries,
bind
than the rotten, and the dry than the green. would not ask how it should take them.
Olives, cool and bind.
English-currants, cool the stomach,
and
are profitable in acute fevers, they quench SEEDS OR GRAINS.
thirst, resist vomiting, cool the heat of
choler, provoke appetite, and are good for Coriander seed, hot and dry, expels wind,
|

hot complexions. |
but
is hurtful to the head sends up un-
;

Services, or Checkers are of the nature of! wholesome vapours to the brain, dangerous
Medlars, but something weaker in opera- 1 for mad
people,
tion. Fern/greek seeds, are of a softening, dis-
Barbcrries, quench thirst, cool the heat | cussing nature, they cease inflammations,
of choler, resist the pestilence, stay vomiting | be they internal or external: bruised and
and fluxes, stop the menses, kill worms, mixed with vinegar they ease the pains of
j

help spitting of blood, fasten the teeth, and the spleen

!
being applied to tl.e sides,
:

strengthen the gums. help hardness and swellings of the matrix,

Strawberries, cool the stomach, liver, and being boiled, the decoction helps scabby
blood, but are very hurtful for such as have heads.
I

agues. Lin-seed hath the same virtues with Fenu-

j

Winter-Cherries, potently provoke urine, j greek,

and break the stone. Gromwett seed, provokes urine, helps the
Cassia-fatula, is temperate in quality, cholic, breaks the stone, and expels wind,
;

gently purgeth choler and flegm, clarifies Boil them in white wine ; but bruise them
the blood, resists fevers, cleanses the breast first.
and lungs, it cools the reins, and thereby j Lupines, ease the pains of the spleen,
resists the breeding of the stone, it
provokes ! kill worms and cast them out: outwardly,
urine, and therefore is exceeding good for they cleanse filthy ulcers, and gangrenes,
j

the running of the reins in men, and the? help scabs, itch, and inflammations.
Fluor Albus in women. Dill seed, encreases milk in nurses, expels
All the sorts or Myrobalans, purge the wind, stays vomitings, provokes urine
{ ; yet
stomach; the Indian Myrobalans, are held j it dulls the sight, and is an enemy to genc-
to purge melancholy most especially, the ration. j

other flegm yet take heed you use them

;
i
Smallage seed, provokes urine and the
not in stoppings of the bowels they are menses, expels wind, resists poison, and
:
j

cold and dry, they all strengthen the heart, eases inward pains, it opens stoppings in
brain, and sinews, strengthen the stomach, any part of the body, yet it is hurtful for
relieve the senses, take away tremblings and such as have the falling-sickness, and for

heart-qualms. They are seldom used alone, pregnant women.

j

Prunes, are cooling and loosening. Rocket seed, provokes urine, stirs up lust,
Tamarinds, are cold and dry in the second \
encreases seed, kills worms, eases pains of
degree, they purge choler, cool the blood, | the spleen. Use all these in like manner,
stay vomiting, help the yellow jaundice, Basil seed If we may believe Diosco
:
j

quench thirst, cool hot stomachs, and hot \

rides and Crescentius, cheers the heart, and
livers.
j strengthens
a moist stomach, drives away
I omit the use of these also as
resting melancholy, and provokes urine.
*
250 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Ntttle seed, provokes venery, opens
stop- The seeds of Water-cresses, heat, yet trou-
pages of the womb, helps inflammations of ble the stomach and belly ease the
;
pains
of the sides and lungs ; purgeth the breast: of the spleen, are very
dangerous for
boil them (being bruised) in white wine women, yet they provoke lust-
pregnant
also. outwardly applied, they help leprosies, scald
The seeds of Ammi, or Bishop' s-weed, heads, and the falling off of hair, as also
heat and dry, help difficulty of urine, and carbuncles, and cold ulcers in the
joints.
the pains of the cholic, the bitings of venom- Mustard seed, heats, extenuates, and
ous beasts they provoke the menses, and draws moisture from the brain the head
; :

purge the womb. being shaved and anointed with Mustard,

jinnis seeds, heat and dry, ease is a
pain, ex- good remedy for the lethargy, it helps
pel wind, cause a sweet breath, help the filthy ulcers, and hard swellings in the
dropsy, resist poison, breed milk, and stop mouth, it helps old aches coming of cold.
the Fluor Albus in women, provoke French Barley, is cooling, nourishing, and
venery,
and ease the head-ache. breeds milk
Cardamoms, heat, kill worms, cleanse the Sorrel seeds, potently resist poison,
help
reins, and provoke urine. fluxes, and such stomachs as loath their
Fennel seed, breaks wind, provokes urine meat.
and the menses, encreases milk in nurses. Succory seed, cools the heat of the blood,
Cummin seed, heat, bind, and dry, stop extinguishes lust, opens stoppings of the
blood, expel wind, ease pain, help the liver and bowels, it allays the heat of the
bitings of venomous beast outwardly ap- body, and produces a good colour, it
:

plied (viz. in Plaisters) they are of a dis- j strengthens the stomach, liver, and reins.
cussing nature. Poppy seeds, ease pain, provoke sleep.
Carrot seeds, are windy, provoke lust ex- Your besl way is* to make an emulsion of
ceedingly, and encrease seed, provoke urine them with barley Avater.
and the menses, cause speedy delivery to Mallow seeds, ease pains in the bladder.
women in travail, and bring away the Chich-pease, are windy, provoke lust, en-
placenta. All these also may be boiled in crease milk in nurses, provoke the menses,
white wine. outwardly, they help scabs, itch, and in-
Nigella seeds, boiled in oil, and the fore- flammations of the testicles, ulcers, &c.
head anointed with it, ease pains in the White Saxifrage seeds, provoke urine, ex-
head, take away leprosy, itch, scurf, and pel wind, and break the stone. Boil them
help scald heads :
Inwardly taken they in white wine.
expel worms, they provoke urine, and the Rue seeds, helps such as cannot hold
menses, help difficulty of breathing. their water.
Stavesacre* kills lice in the head, I hold it Lettice seed, cools the blood, restrains
not fitting to be given inwardly. venery.
Olibanum mixed with as much Barrow's Also Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons,
Grease (beat the Olibanum first in powder) Purslain, and Endive seeds, cool the blood,
and boiled together, make an ointment as also the stomach, spleen, and reins, and
which Avill kill the lice in children's heads, allay the heat of fevers. Use them as you
and such as are subject to breed them, wilji were taught to do poppy-seeds.
never breed them. A Medicine cheap, Wormseed, expels wind, kills worms.
safe, and sure, which breeds no annoyance Ash-tree Keys, ease pains in the sides,
help the dropsy, relieve men weary with
to the brain.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 251

labour, provoke vcnery, and make the body name you

\ please, isa desperate purge, hurt-
lean. |
ful to the body by reason of its heat, windi-

Piony seeds, help the Ephialtcs, or the j ness, corroding, or gnawing, and violence
disease the vulgar call the Mare, as also the of working. I would advise my countrymen
j
fits of the mother, and other such like in-! to let it alone; it will gnaw their bodies as
lirmities of the womb, stop the menses, and I fast as doctors gnaw their purses,

help convulsions. Opopanax, is of a heating, molifying :

Broom seed, potently provoke urine,digesting quality.
j

break the stone. Gum Elemi, is exceeding good for frac-

Citron seeds, strengthen the heart, cheer I tures of the skull, as also in wounds, and
the vital spirit, resist pestilence and poison, therefore is put in plaisters for that end.
j

]
See Arceus his Liniment.
Tragacanthum, commonly called Gum
AND ROZINS. Traganth, and Gum Dragon, helps coughs,
TEARS, LIQUORS,
hoarseness, and distillations on the lungs,
5

Laudanum, is of a heating, mollifying} Bdellium, heats and softens, helps hard

nature, it opens the mouth of the veins, j swellings, ruptures, pains in the sides, hard-
stays the hair from falling off, helps pains ness of the sinews.
in the ears, and hardness of the womb. It Galbanum. Hot and dry, discussing ;
is used only outwardly in plaisters. applied to the womb, it hastens both birth
Assafcetida. Is commonly used to allay | and after-birth, applied to the navel it stays
the fits of the mother by smelling to it ;
the strangling of the womb, commonly
I

they say, inwardly taken, it

provokes lust, called the fits of the mother, helps pains in
\

and expels wind. the sides, and difficulty of breathing, being

j

Benzoin, or Benjamin, makes a good per- applied to it, and the smell of it helps the
i

fume. vertigo or dizincss in the head.

Sanguis Draconis, cools and binds exceed- Myrh, heats and dries, opens and softens
ingly. the womb, provokes the birth and after-
Aloes, purges choler and flegm, and with birth ; inwardly taken, it helps old coughs
such deliberation that it is often given to and hoarseness, pains in the sides, kills worms,
withstand the violence of other purges, it and helps a stinking breath, helps the wast-
preserves the senses and betters the appre- ing of the gums, fastens the teeth: outwardly
!

hension, it strengthens the liver, and helps it helps wounds, and fills up ulcers with
j

the yellow-jaundice. Yet is naught for such } flesh. You may take half a dram at a
'
as are troubled with the hemorrhoids, or time,
have agues. I do not like it taken raw. ) Mastich, strengthens the stomach exceed-
Sec Aloe Rosata, which is nothing but it 1 ingly, helps such as vomit or spit blood, it
washed with the juice of roses. fastens the teeth and strengthens the gums,
1

Manna, is temperately hot, of a mighty j being chewed in the mouth,

dilative quality, windy, cleanses choler Frankinsense, and Olibanum, heat and
|

gently, also it cleanses the throat and bind, fill up old ulcers with flesh, stop bleed-
i

stomach. A child may take an ounce of it ing, but is extremely bad for mad people,
at a time melted in milk, and the dross Turpentine, Purges, cleanses the reins,
i

strained out, it is good for them when they helps the running of them,
1

are scabby. Styrax Calamitis, helps coughs, and dis-

Scamony, or Diagridium, call it by which tillations upon the lungs, hoarseness, want
3x
252 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
of voice, hardness of the womb, but it is
|

bad for head-aches

LIVING CREATURES.
Ammonicaum, applied to the side, helps \

the hardness and pains of the Millepedes (so called from ihe multitude
spleen.
eases of the head
Camphire, pains coining of their feet, though it cannot be supposed they
\

of heat, takes away inflammations, arid cools have a thousand) sows, hog-lice,
j wood-lice,
any place to which it is
applied. being bruised and mired with wine, they pro-
^

voke urine, help the yellow jaundice

I outwardly
{ being boiled in oil, help pains in the ears, a

\drop be-ins put into them.

Lhe a
rfi t r. i
flesh of vipers being eaten, clear the
THAT juices have the same virtues sight, help the vices of the nerves, resist poison
all ;

with the herbs or fruits whereof they are j exceedingly, neither is there any better
remedy
made, I suppose few or none will deny, \under the sun for their bitings than the head
therefore I shall only name a few of them, $
of the viper that you, bruised and applied
bit
and that briefly. \
to and the flesh eaten, you need not
the place,

Sugar is held to be hot in the first eat above a dram at a time, and make it
degree, $
up a?
strengthens the lungs, takes away the rough- i
you shall be taught in troches of vipers. Neither
ness of the throat, succours the reins and any comparable to the stinging of bees and
j

bladder. 1 wasps, $c. than the same that sting you,

The juice of Citrons cools the blood, ! bruised and applied to the place.

strengthens the heart, mitigates the violent Land Scorpions cure their own stingings 'y
heat of fevers. the same means ; the ashes of them
(being
The juice of Lemons works the same ef- burnt) potently provokes urine, and breaks the
feet, but not so powerfully. \stone.
Juice of Liquorice, strengthens the lungs, j Earth-worms, are an admirable remedy for
helps coughs and colds. \
cut nerves being applied to the place ; they pro-
\ voke urine ; see the oil of them, only let me not
\forgp.t one notable thing quoted
by Mizalclus,
THINGS BRED FROM PLANTS. hollow fo, M>A them
ITtof the
powder of put into an
%
tooth, makes it
drop out.
These have been treated of before, only two To draw a tooth without pain,/// #72 earth-
j
The first of which is* en crucible full of Emmets, Ants, or Pismires,
exceptcd. \

Agaricus. Agarick : It purges flegm, eggs and all, and when you have burned them,
\

choler, and melancholy, from the brain, nerves, keep the ashes, with which if you touch
a tooth
\

muscles, marrow, (or more properly brain) of\

it will
fall out.
ihe back, it cleanses the breast, lungs, liver, \
Eels, being put into wine or beer, and suffered
stomach, spleen, reins, womb, joints; it provokes \ to die in it, he that drinks it will never endure

urine, and the menses, kills worms, helps pains that sort of liquor again.
\

in the joints, and causes a good colour: it

is\ Oysters applied alive to a pestilential swelling,
very seldom or never taken alone. See Syrup draw the venom to them.
of Roses with Agarick. Crab-fish, burnt to ashes, and a dram of it
taken every morning helps the bitings of mad
Lastly, Vicus Quircinus, or Misleto of the \

Oak, helps the falling-sickness being either] dogs, and all other venomous beasts,
taken inwardly, or hung about one's neck. Swallows, being eaten, clear the sight, the
Cashes of
them (being burnt) eaten, preserve
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 253

from drunkenness^ helps sore throats being ap- \ ter than Castoriurn, raw, to which I refer
plied to them, and inflammation*. you.
\

Grass-hoppers, being eaten^ ease the cholic, \ A

Sheep's or Goat's bladder being burnt,
and pains in the. bladder. and the ashes given inwardly, helps the
\

Hedge Sparrows, being kept in salt, or dried \ Diabetes.

and eaten raw^ are an admirable remedy for \ A Mouse dried and beaten into
flayed
the stone. \ powder,
and given at a time, helps such as
Young Pigeons being eaten^ help pains in cannot
\
hold their water, or have a Diabetes,
the reins, and the disease called Tenesmus. if you
: do the like three days together.
Ivory, or Elephant's tooth, binds, stops
jthe Whites,
it
strengthens the heart and
1

;
stomach, helps the yellow jaundice, and
P \RTS OF LIVING CREATURES, makes women t fruitful.
AND EXCREMENTS. Those small bones which- are found in
the fore-feet of an Hare, being beaten into
j

THE brain of Sparrows being eaten, pro-j powder and drank in wine, powerfully pro-
vokes lust exceedingly. voke urine.
j

The brain of an Hare being roasted, helps \ Goose grease, and Capons grease, are both
trembling, it makes children breed teeth softening, help gnawing sores, stiffness of
|

easily, their gums being rubbed with it, it the womb, and mitigate pain,
j

also helps scald heads, and falling off of I am of opinion that the suet of a Goat
j

hair, the head being anointed with it. j mixed with a little saffron, is as excellent
The head of a young Kite, being burnt) an ointment for the gout, especially the
to ashes and the quantity of a drachm of it gout in the knees, as any is.
taken every morning in a little water, is an Bears grease stays the falling off of the
\

admirable remedy against the gout. j

hair.

Crab-eyes break the stone, and open \

Fox grease helps pains in the ears,

stoppings of the bowels. j

Elk's Clazvs or hoofs are a sovereign remedy
The lungs of a Fox, well dried, (but not j be but
for the falling sickness, though it
burned) is an admirable strengthened toj a ring, much more being taken in-
worn in
the lungs see the Lohoch of Fox lungs.
:
\wardly but saith Mizaldus, it must be the
;

The liver of a Duck, stops fluxes, and hoof of the right foot behind,
I

strengthens the liver exceedingly. Milk is an extreme windy meat ; there -

The liver of a Frog, being dried andj fore I am of the opinion of Dioscorides, viz.
eaten, helps quartan agues, or as the vulgar that it is not profitable in head-aches yet
!
;

call them, third-dot/ agues. this is for certain, that it is an admirable

|
Castoreum resists poison, the bitings of j remedy for inward ulcers in any part of
venomous beasts it provokes the menses, the body, or any corrosions, or excoriations,
;
j

and brings forth birth and after-birth; it? pains in the reins and bladder: but it is
expels wind, eases pains and aches, con-j very bad in diseases of the liver, spleen, the
vulsions, sighings, lethargies; the smell of j falling-sickness, vertigo, or dissiaesh in the
it
allays the fits of the mother; inwardly head, fevers and head-aches; Goat's milk
J

given, it helps tremblings, falling-sickness, \ is held to be better than Cow's for Hectic
and other such ill and fevers, phthisick, and consumptions, and
effects of the brain ;

nerves: A
scruple is enough to take at also is Ass's also,
time, and indeed spirit of Caslorium is bet- Whey, attenuates and cleanses both cho-
j
254 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
lor and melancholy: wonderfully helps the Fluor Albus, helps such as spit blood,
j

melancholy and madness coming of it; jit is an approved remedy for the falling
opens stoppings of the bowels helps such; sickness. Also if ten grains of red Coral
;

as have the dropsy and are troubled with be given to a child in a little breast-milk so
!.

the stoppings of the spleen, rickets and soon as it is born, before it take any other
;

hypochondriac melancholy for such dis- food, it will never have the falling-sickness,
:

eases you may make up your physic with nor convulsions. The common dose is
whey. Outwardly it cleanses the skin of from ten grains to thirty,
j

such deformities as come through choler or Pearls, are a wonderful strengthener to

5

melancholy, as scabs, itch, morphew, lepro- \ the heart, encrease milk in nurses, and
sies, &c. amend it being naught, they restore such
j

Honey of a gallant cleansing quality, as are in consumptions ; both they and the
is
j

exceeding profitable in all inward ulcers in j red Coral preserve the body in health, and
what part of the body soever; it opens the resist fevers. The dose is ten grains or
|

veins, cleanses the reins and bladder. I fewer; more, I suppose, because it is dear,
i.

know no vices belonging to it, but only it than because it would do harm,
1

is soon converted into choler. Amber, (-viz. yellow Amber) heats and
Wax, softens, heats, and meanly fills dries, therefore prevails against moist dis-
<

sores with flesh, it, suffers not the milk to j eases of the head ; it helps violent coughs,
curdle in women's breasts ; inwardly it is ( helps consumption of the lungs, spitting of
given (ten grains at a time) against bloody- \ blood, the Fluor Albus ; it stops bleeding
fluxes. at the nose, helps difficulty of urine
\
You :

Raw-silk, heats and dries, cheers the may take ten or twenty grains
\
at a time,
heart, drives away sadness, comforts all the j The Froth of the Sea, it is hot and dry,
spirits, both natural, vital and animal !
helps scabs, itch, and leprosy, scald heads,
&c. it cleanses the skin, helps difficulty of
!

)
urine, makes the
teeth white, being rubbed
'rr\ T'UT? <zv \ the head being washed with it, it.
with
1O IH-h orjA.
f, , *
s

i
it,
i

helps baldness, and trimly decks the head

i i

Sperma Cceti, is well applied outwardly to with hair, )

eating ulcers, the marks which the small

pox leaves behind them; it clears the sight, 5

provokes sweat; inwardly it troubles the!

stomach and
METALS, MINERALS, AND
helps bruises, and
belly, j
STONES
stretching of the nerves, and tnerefore is 5

good for women newly delivered. GOLD

is temperate in quality, it won-

Amber-grease, heats and dries, strengthens Iderfully strengthens the heart and vital
the brain and nerves exceedingly, if the spirits, which one perceiving, very wittily
infirmity of them corne of cold, resists pes- inserted these verses :

tilence. For Gold is cordial ;

and that's the reason,

,
a man that hath the dropsy, Your raking Misers live so long a season.

being set up to the middle in it, it draws However, this is certain, in cordials, it

out all the water. resists melancholy, faintings, owoonings,

RedCoral, cold,is dry and binding, fevers, failing-sickness, and all such like
stops
J-
the- immoderate
- -
^ of
flowing _ the menses,? , -_-
infirmities,J incident either to the vital o;-

bloody-fluxes, the running of the reins, and j

animal spirit.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 256

Alum. Heats, binds, and purges ; scours i and consumptions,

taken inwardly; for viz.
! this stone is not used to be worn as a jewel;
filthy ulcers, and fastens loose teeth.
Brimstone, or flower of brimstone, which the powder of it put upon wounds made
j

is brimstone refined, and the better for by venomous beasts, draws out the poison,
\

physical uses ; helps coughs and rotten

Topaz (if Epiphanius spake truth) if you
j

flegm; outwardly in ointments it takes away put it into boiling water, it doth so cool it
j

leprosies, scabs, and itch; inwardly it

helps that you may presently put your hands into
j

as also worms in the belly, it without harm ; if so, then it cools in-
yellow jaundice, I

especially being mixed with

a little Salt- flammations of the body by touching them,
\

Toadstone ; Being applied to the place

pelre: helps lethargies being snuffed
it up j

in the nose. \ helps

the bitings of venomous beasts, and
Litharge, both of gold and silver; binds quickly draws all the poison to it; it is
5

and dries much, fills up ulcers with flesh, I known to be a true one by this ; hold
and heals them. i it near to any toad, and she will make
Lead is of a cold dry earthly quality, of proffer to take it away from you if it be
j

an healing nature; applied to the place it

j right; else not. Lemnim.
helps any inflammation, and dries up \ Nephr-itichus lapis; helps pains in the
humours. j stomach, and is of great force in breaking
Pompholix, cools, dries and binds. |
and bringing away the stone and gravel.
Jacynth,strengthens the heart being Jasper; being worn, stops bleeding, eases
either beaten into powder, and taken in- the labour in women, stops lust, resists
wardly, or only worn in a ring. fevers and dropsies. Mathiohts.

Sapphire, quickens the senses, helps such Atites, or the stone with child, because
as are bitten by venomous beasts, ulcers in being hollow in the middle, it contains
the bowels. i another little stone within it, is found in an
Emerald ; called a chaste stone because ;
Eagle's nest, and in many other places ;
it resists lust :
being worn in a ring, it j
this stone being bound to the left arm of

helps, or at least mitigates the falling sick- women with child, stays their miscarriage
j

ness and vertigo; it strengthens the memory, j

or abortion, but when the time of their
and stops the unruly passions of men. |
labour comes, remove it from their arm,
Ruby (or carbuncle, if there be such a and bind it to the inside of their thigh, and
j

stone) restrains lust; resists pestilence; takes it brings forth the child,
and that (almost)
away idle and foolish thoughts, makes men without any pain at all. Dioscorides, Flirty.
cheerful. Cardanus. Lapis Lazuli, purges melancholy being
Granite. Strengthens the heart, but hurts taken inwardly outwardly worn as a jewel, ;

the brain, causes anger, takes away sleep. it makes men cheerful, fortunate and rich.

Diamond, is reported to make him that And thus I end the stones, the virtues of
bears it unfortunate. which if any think incredible, I answer ;

Amethist, being worn, makes men sober 1. I quoted the authors where I had them.
and steady, keeps men from drunkenness and 2. I know nothing to the contrary but why
too much sleep, it quickens the wit, is pro- it may be as possible as the s*ound of a
fitable in huntings and fightings, and repels trumpet is to incite a man to valour or a ;
rt-mi-i f 1 I'l'l 1 *
TT 1

vapours from the head. fiddle to dancing and if I have added

: a
Bezoar, is a notable restorer of nature, few simples which the Colled ge left out,
a great cordial, no way hurtful nor danger- I hope my fault is not much, or at a least-
ous is
admirably good in fevers, pestilences, j wise, venial.
3 u
250 THE COMPLETE HERBAL

A CATALOGUE OF SIMPLES
IN THE

NEW DISPENSATORY
ROOTS. \\Navew, Spiitenard, Celtic ana Indian, Water
^lilies, Rest-harrow, sharp pointed Dock,
College.] Sorrel, Calamus Aromaticus, I Peony, male and female, Parsnips, garden and
Water-flag, Privet, Garlick, Marsh-mallows, j wild, Cinquefoil, Butter-Bu", Parsley, Hog'i
Alcanet* Angelica, Anthora, Smallage, Aron, \ Fennel, Valerian, greater and lesser, Burnet,
Birth-wort long and round, Sowbread, Reeds, \ Land and Water Plantain, Polypodium of the
Asarabacca, Virginian Snakeweed, Swall- 1 Oak, Solomon's Seal, Leeks, Pellitory of Spain,
wort, Asparagus, Asphodel, male and female i\ Cinque/oil, Titrnips,Raddishes,gardenandwild,
Bin-docks great and small, Behen, or Bazil,\i Rhapontick, common Rhubarb, Monk's Rim-
Valerian, white and red. Daisies, Beets, \ barb, Rose Root, Madder Bruscns. Sopewort,
white, red, and black. Marsh-mallows, Bis- i Sarsaparilla, Satyrion, male andiemale, White
tort, Barrage, Briony, white and black, Bugloss, \
Saxifrage, Squills, Figwort, Scorzonera, Eng-
garden and wild. Calamus Aromaticus, Our \ lish and Spanish, Virginian Snake weed, Solo~

Lady's thistles, Avens, Coleworts, Centaury the \

mon's Seal, Cicers, stinking Gladon, Devil's bit,
less. Onions, Chameleon, white and black. Dandelion, Thapsus, Tormentil, Turbith, Cdt's-
\

Celandine, Pilewort. China, Succory, Arti- \foot, Valerian, greater and, lesser, Vervain,
chokes. Virginian Snakeroot,
Comfry greater Swallow-wort, Nettles, Zedoary long and round,
\

and lesser Contra yerva, Costus, szi'cet and \ Ginger.

bitter. Turmerick, wild Cucumbers, Sowbread, \ Cnlpeper.~] These be the roots the col -

Hound' s-tongue, Cypres, long and round. lege hath named, and but only named, and
\

Toothwort, white Dittany, Doronicum, Dra- in this order I have set them down.
1
It
gons, Woody Nightshade, Vipers Bugloss, seems
\
the college holds a strange opinion,
Smallage, Hellebore, ivhite. and black, Endive, \
viz. That it would do an Englishman a
Elicampane, Eringo, Colt's-foot, Fearn, male \ mischief to know what the herbs in his
andfemale, Filipendula or Drop-wort, Fennel, \ garden are good for.
white Dittany, Galanga, great and small, \
But my opinion is, that those herbs,
Gentian, Liquorice, Dog-grass, Hermodactils. \ roots, plants, &c. which grow near a man,
Swallow wort, Jacinth, Henbane, Jallap, |
are far better and more congruous to his
Master-wort, Orris or Flower-de-luce, nature than any outlandish rubbish what-
both \

English and Florentine, sharp pointed Dock, soever, and this I am able to give a reason
\

Burdock greater and lesser, Lovage, Privet, of to any that shall demand it of me, there-
j
white Lilies, Liquorice, Mallows, Mechoacan, \ fore I am so copious in handling of them,
Jallap, Spignel, Mercury, Devil's bit, sweet you shall observe them ranked in this order.
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 257

1. The temperature ofthe roots, herbs, Hot in the fourth degree. Garlick, Onions,
\

flowers, &c. viz. Hot, cold, dry, moist, Leeks, Pellitory of Spain.
\

together with the degree of each quality. Roots temperate in respect of heat, arc
2. What part of the body each root, Bear's breech, Sparagus, our Lady's Thistle,
\

herb, flower, is appropriated to, viz. head, Eringo, Jallap, Mallows, Mechoacan, gar-
!

throat, breast, heart, stomach, liver, spleen, den Parsnips, Cinq uefoil, Tormentil.
\

bowels, reins, bladder, womb, joints, and >

Roots cold in the first degree. Sorrel,
in those which heat those places, and Beets, white and red, Comfrey the
| greater,
which cool them. Plantain, Rose Root, Madder.
3. The
proper!}- of each simple, as they Cold inthe second degree. Alcanet, Daisies,
bind, open, mollify, harden, extenuate, \ Succory, Hound's tongue, Endive, Jacinth.
discuss, draw out, suppure, cleanse, gluti-i Cold in the third degree. Bistort and
nate, break wind, breed seed, provoke or Mandrakes are cold in the third degree,
\

stop the menses, resist poison, abate swell- and Henbane in the fourth.
1

ings, ease pain. Roots dry in the first degree. Bears-breech,

This I intend shallmy general method Burdocks, Redbeets, Calamus Aromaticus,
be j

throughout the simples, which, having! Pilewort, Self-heal, Endive, Eringo, Jacinth,
finished I shall give you a paraphrase ex-i Madder, Kneeholly.
plaining these terms, which rightly con- Dry in the second degree. Waterflag,
\

sidered, will be the key of Galen's way ofj Marshmallows, Alkanet, Smallage, Reeds,
administering physic. Sorrel, Swallow-wort,Asphodel male, Bazil,
Valerian and Spatling Poppy, according to
Temperature of the Roots. the opinion of the Greeks. Our Lady's
Roots hot m the first degree. Marsh-mal- Thistles, Avens, Succory, Hound's tongue
lows, Bazil, Valerian, Spattling, Poppy, Cypress long and round, Fennel, Lovage,
Burdocks, Borrage, Bugloss, Calamus Spignel, Mercury, Devil's bit, Butter-bur,
Aromaticus, Avens, Pilewort, China, Self- Parsley, Plantain, Zedoary.
heal, Liquorice, Dog-grass, white Lilies, Dry in the third degree. Angelica, Aron,
Peony, male arid female, wild Parsnips, Birthwort, long and round, Sowbread, Bis-
Parsley, Valerian, great and small, Knee- tort, Asarabacca, Briony white and black,
holly, Satyrion, Scorzonera, Skirrets. Carline Thistle, China, Sallendine, Virginian
Hot in the second degree. Water-fl ag,Reed s, Snake-root, white Dittany, Doronicum,
Swallow-wort, Asphodel, male, Carline Hellebore white and black, Elicampane,
Thistle, Cypress, long and round, Fennel, Fillipendula, Galanga greater and lesser,
Lovage, Spignel, Mercury, Devil's oil, But- Masterwort, Orris, English and Florentine,
ter Bur, Hog's Fennel, Sarsaparilla, Squils, Restharrow, Peony male and female, Cin-

Zedoary. quefoil, Hog's Fennel, Sarsaparilla, stink-

Hot in the third degree.
-Angelica, Aron, ing Gladen, Tormentil, Ginger.
Birthwort long and round, Sowbread, Dry in thefourth degree. Garlick, Onions,
Asarabacca, Briony, white and black, Sal- Costus, Leeks, Pellitory of Spain.
lendine, Virgianian snakeroot, Hemeric, Roots moist are, Bazil, Valerian, and
White Dittany, Doronicum, Hellebore, Spatling-poppy, according to the Arabian
white and black, Elicampane, Fillipendula, Phj'sicians, Daisies, white Beets, Borrage,
Galanga greater and lesser, Masterwort, Bugloss, Liquorice, Dog grass, Mallows,
Orris English and Florentine, Restharrow, Satyrion, Scorzonera, Parsnips, Skirrets.
stinking Gladen, Turbith, Ginger.
250 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
simples may be found out by the ensuing
Roots appropriated to several parts of the body,
explanation of the terms, and I suppose by
j

Heat the head. Doronicum, Fennel, i that means they were found out at first ;
Jallap, Mechoacan, Spikenard, Celtic and and although I hate a lazy student from
'

Indian. Peony male and female. my heart, yet to encourage young students
Neck and throat. Pilewort, Devil's bit. in the art, I shall quote the .chie of them :
Breast and lungs. Birthwort long and I desire all lovers of physic to compare
j

round, Elicampane, Liquorice, Orris Eng- them with the explanation of these rules,
1

lish and Florentine, Calamus Aromaticus, so shall they see how they agree, so may
j

Cinquefoil, Squills. they be enabled to find out the properties

Heart. Angelica, Borrage, Bugloss, of all simples to their own benefit in physic
Carline Thistle, Doronicum, Butter bur, Roots, bind. Cypress, Bistort, Tormen-
Scorzonera, Tormentil, Zedoary, Bazil, til, Cinquefoil, Bear's breech, Water-flag,
Valerian white and red. Alkanet, Toothwort, &c.
Stomach. Elicampane, Galanga greater: Discuss. Birthwort, Asphodel, Briony,
and lesser,Spikenard, Celtic and Indian, Capers, &c.
Ginger, Fennel, Avens, Raddishes. Cleanse. Birthwort, Aron, Sparagus,
Bowels. Valerian great and small, Grass, Asphodel, Celandine, &c.
Zedoary, Ginger. Open. Asarabacca, Garlic, Leeks, Onions,
Liver. Smallage, Carline Thistle, Sullen- Rhapontick, Turmerick, Carline Thistle,
j

dine, China, Turmerick, Fennel, Gentian, j Succory, Endive, Fillipendula, Fennel,

Dog-grass, Cinquefoil, Parsley, Smallage, Parsly,
I
Bruscus, Sparagus, Smallage, Gen-
Asparagus, Rhubarb, Rhapontic, Kneeholly tian, .
|
&c.
Spleen. Smallage, Carline Thistle, Fern j Extenuate. Orris English and Floren-
male and female, Parsley, Water-flag, tine, Capers, &c.
Asparagus, round Birthwort, Fennel,Capers, Burn. Garlick, Onions., Pellitory of
Ash, Gentian. Spain, &c.
Reins and Bladder. Marshmallows, Small- Mollify. Mallows, Marshmallows &c.
age, Asparagus, Burdock, Bazil, Valerian, Suppur. Marshmallows, Briony, white
Spading Poppy, Carline Thistle, China, Lillies, c.
Cyprus long and round, Fillipendula, Dog Glutinate. Comfrey, Solomon's Seal,
Spikenard, Celtic and Indian, Parsly, Gentian, Birthwort, Daisies, &c.
\

nee-holly, white Saxifrage.

fass, Expel Wind. Smallage, Parsly, Fennel,
Womb. Birthwort long and round, \ Water-flag, Garlick, Costus, Galanga.
Galanga greater and lesser. Peony male! Hog's Fennel, Zedoary, Spikenard Indian,
and female, Hog's Fennel. and Celtic, &c.
Fundament. Pilewort. Breed Seed. Waterflag, Eringo, Saty-
Joints. Bear's -breech, Hermodactils, 1 rian, Galanga, &c.
Jallap, Mecoacan, Ginger, Costus. Provoke the menses. Birthwort Asara-
Roots cool the head. Rose root. bacca, Aron, Waterflag, white Dittany,
Stomach. Sow Thistles, Endive, Succory, Asphodel, Garlick, Centaury the less,
Bistort. Cyperus long and round, Costus, Capers,
Liver Madder, Endive, Chicory. Calamus Aromaticus, Dittany of Crete,
Carrots, Eringo, Fennel, Parsly, Smallage,
Properties of the Roots. Grass, Elicampane, Peony, Valerian, Knee-
Although I confess the properties of the 1 holly, &c.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 250

Stop the menses, Comfrey, Tormentil, convenient liquor, an excellent remedy

is

Bistort, &c. for the scurvy; the powder of it being snuf-

Provoke sweat. Carolina Thistle, China, fed up in the nose, cleanses the head of
Sarsaparilla, &c. rheum gallantly.
Resist poison. Angelica, Garlick, long The bark of f.he black Alder tree purges
Birth wort, Smallage, Doronicum, Costus, choler and flegm if you make a decoction
Zedoary, Cyprus, Gentian, Carolina This- with it. Agrimony, Wormwood, Dodder,
\

tle, Bistort, Tormentil, Swallow- wort, Viper's Hops, Endive and Succory roots
i Parsly :

Bugloss, Elicampane, &c. and Smallage roots, or you may bruise a

j

Help burnings. Asphodel, Jacinth, white handful of each of them, and put them in
i

Lilies, &c. a gallon of ale, and let them work together:

:

Ease pains. Waterflag, Eringo, Orris, put the simples into a boulter-bag, and a
i

draught, (half a pint, more or less, accord

-
Restharrow, &c. i

Purge choler. Asarabacca, Rhubarb, ing to the

:
age of him that drinks it,) being

Rhapontick, Fern, &c. {drunk every morning, helps the dropsy,

Relieve melancholy. Hellebore, white and jaundice, evil disposition of the body
i also ;

black, Polipodium. helps the rickets, strengthens the liver and

|

Purge flegm and watery humours. Squills, spleen |

makes the digestion good,
; troubles
Turbith, Hermodactils, Jallap, Mecoacan, | not the stomach at all, causes appetite, and
wild Cucumbers, Sowbread, male Asphodel, helps such as are scabby and itchy.
|

Briony white and black, Elder, Spurge The rest of the barks that are worth the
great and small. noting, and the virtues of them, are to be
|

I quoted some of these properties to found in the former part of the book.
l

teach you the way how to find the rest, Barks are hot in the Jirst degree. Guaja-
which the explanation of these terms will cum, Tamarisk, Oranges, Lemons, Citrons.
give you ample instructions in I quoted : In the second. Cinnamon, Cassia, Lignea,
not all because I would fain have you Captain Winter's Cinnamon, Frankincense,
studious : be diligent gentle reader. \ Capers.
How to use your bodies in, and after In the third. Mace.
taking purges,you shall be taught by and by. Cold in the Jirst. Oak, Pomegranates.
In the third. Mandrakes.
Barks mentioned by the College are these.

Hazel Nuts, Oranges, Bar- Appropriated to parts of the body.

College.]
Caper roots, Cassia Lignea,
berries, Birch-tree, Heat the head. Captain Winter's Cinna-
Chestnuts, Cinnamon, Citron Pills, Dwarf- mon.
Elder, Spurgeroots, Alder, Ash, Pomegranates, The heart. Cinnamon, Cassia, Lignea,
Guajacum, Walnut tree, green Walnuts, Laurel, Citron Pills, Walnuts, Lemon pills, Mace.
Bay, Lemon, Mace, Pomegranates, Man- The stomach. Orange pills, Cassia Lig-
drake roots, Mezereon, Mulberry tree roots, nea, Cinnamon, Citron pills, Lemon pills,
Sloe tree roots, Pinenuts, Fistick-nuts, Poplar Mace, Sassafras.
tree, Oak, Elder, Sassafras, Cork, Tamerisk, The lungs. Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon,
Lime tree, Frankincense, Elm, Capt. Winter's Walnuts.
Cinnamon. The liver. Barberry-tree, Bay-tree, Cap-
Culpeper.~] these, Captain Winter's tain Winter's Cinnamon
Of
Cinnamon, being taken as ordinary spice, The spleen. Caper bark, Ash tiee bark.
or half a dram taken in the morning in any Bay tree.
a x
200 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
The reins and bladder. Bay-tree, Sassa- or Alcost, Burdock greater and lesser, Brook-
\

fras. lime, or water Pimpernel, Beets white, red, and

The womb. Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon. Betony of the wood and water. Daises
black,
Cool the stomach. Pomegranate pills. greater and lesser, Blite, Mercury, Barrage,
\

Purge choler. The bark of Barberry Oak of Jerusalem, Cabbages, Sodonella, Brionu
j
tree. white and black, Bugloss, Buglesse,
!
Shepherd's
Purge fiegm and water. Elder, Dwarf- Purse, Ox-eye, Box leaves, Calaminth of the
\

Elder, Spurge, Laurel. Mountains and Fens, Ground Pine, Wood-bine,

'

I or Honey-suckles,
Lady-smocks, Marygolds,
\0ur Lady's Thistle, Carduus Benedictus,
WOODS. lAvens, small Spurge, Horse-tail, Coleworts,
the less, Knotgrass, Cervil, Ger-
\ Centaury

College.] Firr, Wood of Aloes, 'Rhodium, mander, Camomle, Chamepytis female Southern-
\

Brazil, Box, Willow, Cypress, Ebony, Guaja- \wood, Chelene, Pilewort, Chicory, Hemlock,
cum, Juniper, Lentisk, Nephriticum, Rhodium, \garden and sea Scurvy-grass, Fleawort, Com-
Rosemary, Sanders, white, yellow, and red, \fry great, middle, or bugle, least or Daisies,
Sassafras, Tamarisk Sarasens, Confound, Buck-horn, Plantain,
Of these some are hot. Wood of Aloes, May weed, (or Margweed, as we in Sussex
Rhodium, Box, Ebony, Guajacum, Neph- call it) Orpine, Sampeer, Crosewort, Dodder,
riticum, Rosemary, Sassafras, Tamarisk. \
Blue Bottle great and small, Artichokes,
Some cold. As Cypress, Willow, Sanders Houndstone, Cypress leaves, Dandelion, Dit-
\

white, red, and yellow. tany of Treet, Box leaves, Teazles garden and
Rosemary is
appropriated to the head, 'wild, Dwarff Elder, Viper's Bugloss, Lluellin,
wood of Aloes to the heart and stomach, Smallage, Endive, Elecampane, Horsetail^
;

Rhodium to the bowels and bladder, Nephri- Epithimum,

\ Groundsel, Hedge-mustard,
licum to the liver, spleen, reins and bladder, Spurge, Agrimony, Maudlin, Eye-bright,
\

Sassafras to the breast, stomach and bladder, Orpine, Fennel, Sampeer, Fillipendida, Indian
|

Tamarisk to the spleen, Sanders cools the leaf, Strawberry leaves, Ash tree leaves, Fumi-
\

heart and spirits in fevers. \tory, Goat's Rue, Lady's Bedstraw, Broom,
For the particular virtues of each, see Muscatu, Herb Robert, Doves Foot, Cotton-
?

that part of the book preceding. | weed, Hedge Hyssop,

Tree Ivy, Ground Ivy,
\or Alehoof, Elecampane, Pellitory of the wall,
^Liver-wort, Cowslips, Rupture-wort,
Hawk-
\weed, Monk's Rhubarb, Alexanders, Clary
HERBS. \ garden
and wild, Henbane, St. Johns-wort,
College.] Southernwood male and female. Horsetongue, or double tongue, Hysop, Sciatica
Wormwood, common, Roman, and such as bear cresses, small Sengreen, Sharewort, Woad,
Wormseed, Sorrel, wood Sorrel, Maiden-hair Reeds, Schtenanth, Chamepitys, Glasswort,
common, white or wall Rue, black and golden Lettice, Lagobus* Arch-angel, Burdock great
Maudlin, Agremony, Vervain, Mallow, Ladies and small, Lavender, Laurel, Bay leaves,
Mantle, Chickweed, Marshmallows, and Pim- English and Alexandrian, Duckweed, Dittan-
pernel both male and female, Water Pimpernel, der, or Pepper-wort, Lovage, Privet, Sea bug-
Dill, Angelica, Smallage, Goose-grass, or loss, Toad fax, Harts-tongue, sweet Trefoil,
Cleavers, Columbine, wild Tansie, or Silver Wood-sorrel, Hops, Willow-herb, Marjoram,
Weed, Mugwort, Asarabacca, Woodroofe, \ common and tree Mallows, Mandrake, Hoi'e-
Arach, Distaff" Thistle, Mousear, Costmary, \ hound white and black, Herb Mastich, Fea-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 261

therfew, Woodbine, Melilot,

Bawm garden and \
golden Maiden-hair, Wood roof, Bugle,
water, Mints, Horse-mints, Mercury, Mezereon, * Goat's Rue, Hart's-tongue, sweet Trefoil,
Yarrow, Devil's-bit, Moss, sweet Chivil, Mir- \ Flixweed, Cinquefoil, Trefoil, Paul's Bet-
tle leaves, Garden and water Cresses, Nep, tony, Lluellin.
j

Tobacco, Money-wort, Water Lilies, Bazil, \ Intemperate and hot in the first degree, are
Olive Leaves, Rest-harrow, Adder's Tongue, Agrimony, Marsh-mallows, Goose-grass or
\

Origanum, sharp-pointed Dock, Poppy, white, \ Cleavers, Distaff Thistle, Borrage, Bugloss,
black, and red, or Erratick, Pellitory of the or Lady's Thistles, Avens, Cetrach, Chervil,
'

Wall, Cinquefoil, Ars-smart spotted and noti Chamomel, Eyebright, Cowslips, Melilot,
spotted, Peach Leaves, Thoroughwax, Parsley, Bazil,\
Self-heal.
Hart's Tongue, Valeriak, Mouse-ear, Burnet, ! In the second. Common and Roman
small Spurge, Plantain common and narrowl Wormwood, Maudlin, Lady's Mantle,
leaved, Mountain and Cretick Poley, Knot-\ Pimpernel male and female, Dill, Smallage,
grass, Golden Maidenhair, Poplar leaves and \Mugwort, Costmary, Belony, Oak of Jeru-
buds, Leeks, Purslain, Silverweed, or wild\salem, Marigold, Cuckooflowers, Carcluus
Tansy, Horehound white and black, Primroses, Benedictus, Centaury the less, Chamepitys,
\

Self-heal, Field Pellitory, or Sneezewort, Penny- Scurvy -grass, Indian Leaf, Broom, Ale-
j

royal, Fleabane,
Lungwort, Winter-green, hoof,Alexanders,Double-tongue,orTongue-
\

Oak leaves and buds, Docks, common rue, blade, Archangel, or dead Nettles, Bay
;

Wall Rue or white Maidenhair, wild Rue, Leaves, Marjoram, Horehound, Bawm,
j

Savin, Osier Leaves, Garden Sage the greater j Mercury, Devil's-bit, Tobacco, Parsley,
and lesser, Wild Sage, Elder leaves and buds, Poley mountain, Rosemary, Sage, Sanicle,
\

Marjorum, Burnet, Sanicle, Sopcwort, Savory, Scabious, Senna, Soldanella, Tansy, Ycr-
|

White Saxifrage, Scabious, Chicory, Schcenanth, vain, Perewinkle.

\

Clary, Scordium, Figwort, Houseleek, or\ In the third degree. Southernwood ni.\[e
Sengreen the greater and lesser, Groundsel, and\ female, Brooklime, Angelica, Briony
Senna leaves and pods, Mother of Time, Sb/o- white and black, Calami nth, Germander,
;

mon's Seal, Alexanders, Nightshade, Soldo- Sullendine, Pilewort, Fleabane, Dwarf

j

nela, Sow-thistles, smooth and rough, Flix- j Elder, Epithimun, Bank-cresses, Clary,
weed, common Spinach, Hawthorn,*
Spike, Glasswor I, Lavender, Lovage, Herb Mas-
Devil's-bit, Comfry, Tamarisk leaves, Tansy, \ tich, Mints, Water-cresses,
Featherfew,
Dandelyon, Mullen or Higcaper, Time, Lime \Origanum, biting Arsmart, called in Lalin
tree leaves, Spurge, Tormentil, common and\ Hydropiper, (the college confounds this
golden Trefoil, Wood-sorrel, sweet Trefoil,
*
with Persicaria, or mild Arsmart, which is
Colt's-foot, Valerian, Mullen, Vervain, Paul's. \ cold (Sneezewort, Pennyroyal, Rue, Savin,
Bettony, Lluellin, Violets, Tansy, Perewinkles, Mimmer and winter Savory, Mother o;'
\

Swallou'-rcort, golden. Rod, Vine leaves, Mead- {Time, Lavender, Spike, Time, Nettles.
sweet, Elm leaves, Naval-wort, Nettles, com- \
In the fourth degree. Sciatica-cresses,
won and Roman, Archangel, or dead Nettles, Stone-crop, Dittany, or Pepper-wort, gar-
\

white and red.

j
den-cresses, Leeks, Crowfoot, Rosa Solis,
Culpeper. These be the herbs as the ;
Spurge.
college set clown to look upon, we will ! Herbs cold in the first degree. Sorrel,
see if we can translate them in another Wood-sorrel, Arach, Burdock, Shepherd's-
*

form to the benefit of the body of man. puvse, Pellitory of the wall, Hawk-weed,
j
Herbs temperate in respect of heat, are Mallows, Yarrow, mild Arsmart, called
;

common Maiden-hair, Wall-rue, bla^k and Persicaria, Burnet, Coltsfoot, Violets,

|
262 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Cold second degree.
in the Chickweed,! In the fourth degree. Garden-cresses,
wild Tansy, or Silverweed, Daisies, Knot- wild Rue, Leeks, Onions, Crowfoot, Rosa
\

grass, Succory, Buck-horn, Plantain, Dan- Solis, Garlic, Spurge,

delyon, Endive, Fumitory, Strawberry Herbs moist in the Jirst degree. Borrage,
j

leaves, Lettice, Duck-meat, Plantain, Pur- Bugloss, Marigolds, Pellitory of the wall,
!

slain, Willow leaves. 1 Mallows, Bazil.

In the third degree. Sengreen, or House- 1 In the fourth degree. Chickweed, Arach,
leek, Nightshade. Daisies, Lettice, Duckmeat, Purslain,
?
Sow
In the fourth degree. Hemlock, Henbane, [Thistles, Violets, Water-lilies.
Mandrakes, Poppies. rr j t f*i. i _? -

u dry
Herbs ji ft, * j
in thejirst degree.
A
Agrimony,
Herbs I
5

\
/
*? t
appropriated to certain parts or the body

Marsh-mallows, Cleavers, Burdocks, Shep- j

herds-purse, our Lady's Thistle, Chervil, \ Heat the head. Maudlin, Costmary,
Chamomel, Eye-bright, Cowslips, Hawk- Betony, Carduus Benedictus, Sullendine,
j

weed, Tongue-blade, or double tongue, Scurvy -grass. Eye-bright, Goat's Rue,

j

Melilot, mild Arsmart, Self-heal, Senna, j Cowslips, Lavender, Laurel, Lovage, herb
Flixweed, Coltsfoot, Perewinkle. Mastich, Feather-few, Melilot, Sneezewort,
I

Dry in the second degree. Common and

Penny-royal, Senna, Mother of Time,
Roman Wormwood, Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, Vervain, Rosemary.
Maudlin, Lady's mantle, Pimpernel male Heat the throat. Archangel white and
and female, Dill, Smallage, wild Tansy, red, otherwise called dead Nettles, Devil's-
or Silverweed, Mugwort, Distaff Thistle, bit.

Costmary, Betony, Bugle, Cuckooflowers, Heat the breast. Maiden-hair, white,

Carduus Benedictus, Avens, Centaury the black, common and golden, Distaff Thistle,
less, Chicory, commonly called Succory, Time, Betony, Calaminth, Chamomel,
Scurvy-grass, Buckhorn, Plantain, Dande- Fennel, Indian-leaf, Bay leaves, Hyssop,
lyon, Endive, Indian Leaf, Strawberry Bawm, Horehound, Oak of Jerusalem, Ger-
leaves, Fumitory, Broom, Alehoof, Alex- mander, Melilot, Origanum, Rue, Sabious,
anders, Archangel, or Dead Nettles, white Periwinkles, Nettles.
and red, Bay Leaves, Marjoram, Feather- Heat the heart. Southernwood male and
few, Bawm, Mercury, Devil's-bit, Tobacco,female, Angelica, Wood-roof, Bugloss,
Parsley, Burnet, Plantain, Rosemary, Wil- Carduus Benedictus, Borrage, Goat's Rue,
;

low Leaves, Sage, Santicle, Scabious, Sol- Senna, Bazil, Rosemary, Elecampane.
danella, Vervain. Heat the stomach. Wormwood common
Dry in the third degree. Southernwood, and Roman, Smallage, Avens, Indian leaf,
male and female, Brooklime, Angelica, Broom, Schenanth, Bay leaves, Bawm,
i

Briony, white and black, Calamint, Ger- 1 Mints, Parsley, Fennel, Time, Mother of
mander, Chamepitys, Selandine, Pilewort, {Time, Sage.
Fleabane, Epithinum, Dwarf-Elder, Bank Heat the liver.
j
Agrimony, Maudlin,
cresses, Clary, Glasswort, Lavender, Lovage Pimpernel, male and female,
i
Smallage,
Horehound, Herb Mastic, Mints, Water- Costmary, or Ale cost, our Lady's Thistles,
i

cresses, Origanum, Cinquefoil, hot Arsmart, Centaury the less, Germander, Chamepytis,
i

Poley mountain, Sneezewort, Penny-royal, Selandine, Sampier, Fox Gloves, Ash-tree

i

Rue, or herb of Grace, Savin winter and leaves, Bay leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, Hore-
i;

summer Savory, Mother of Time, Laven- hound, Water-cresses,

j Parsley, Polev
der, Silk, Tansy, Time, Trefoil. Mountain, Sage, Scordium, Senna, Mother
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 263

of Time, Solclanella, Asarabacca, Fennel, \ Strawberry leaves, and Water-Lilies.

Hyssop, Spikenard. Stai/iach. Sorrel, Wood sorrel, Succory,
Heat the bowels. Chamomel, Alehoofe, ;

Orpine, Dandelyon, Endive, Strawberry

Alexanders. leaves, Hawkweed, Lettice, Purslain, Sow
Heat the spleen. All the four sorts ol'j Thistles, Violet leaves.
Maiden-hair, Agrimony, Smallage, Cen- <

Liver. Sorrel, Woodsorrel, Dandelyon,

laury the less, Cetrach, Germander, Chame- \
Endive, Succory, Strawberry leaves, Fumi-
pitys, Samphire, Fox-glove, Epithimum, ;

tory, Liverwort, Lettice, Purslain, Night-

Ash-tree, Bay leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, !

shade, Water Lilies.

Horehound, Parsley, Poley, Mountain Sage, |
Bowels. Fumitory, Mallows, Buckthorn,
Scordium, Senna, Mother ofTime,Tamarisk, I Plantain, Orpine, Plantain, Burnet.
Wormwood, Water-cresses, Hart's-tongue. j
Spleen. Fumitory, Endive, Succory,
Heat the reins and bladder. Agrimony, j Lettice.
Maudlin, Marsh-mallows, Pimpernel male j
Reins and bladder. Knotgrass, Mallows,
and female, Brooklime, Costmary, Bettony, J
Yarrow, Moneywort, Plantain, Endive,
Chervil, Germander, Chamomel, Samphire, j
Succory, Lettice, Purslain, Water Lilies,
Broom, Rupture-wort, Clary, Schenanth, |
Houseleek or Sengreen.
Bay-leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, Melilot, The womb. Wild Tansy, Arrach, Bur-
j

Water-cresses, Origanum, Pennyroyal, j

docks, Willow herb, Mirtle leaves, Money-
Scordium, Vervain, Mother of Time, Rocket, |
wort, Purslain, Sow Thistles, Endive,
Spikenard, Saxifrage, Nettles. Water Lilies, Sengreen.
{ Succory, Lettice,
Heat the womb. Maudlin, Angelica, The joints. Willow leaves, Vine leaves,
j

Mugwort, Costmary, Calaminth, Flea-bane, Lettice, Henbane, Nightshade, Sengreen or

j
of
May-weed, Ormarg-weed, Dittany Crete, Houseleek. i

Schenanth, Arch-angel or Dead Nettles, TT

Herbs altennS according to property, m ope-
I , ,.
.
,.

Melilot, Feather-few, Mints, Devil's-bit,

ration, some bind, as
Origanum, Bazil, Pennyroyal, Savin,
Sage, Scordium, Tansy, Time, Vervain, Amomus, Agnus Castus, Shepherd's
j

Periwinkles, Nettles. \ purse, Cypress, Horsetail, Ivy, Bay leaves,

Heat thejoints. Cowslips, Sciatica-cresses, Melilot, Bawm, j Mirtles, Sorrel, Plantain,
hot Arsmart, Garden-cresses, Costmary, j Knot-grass, Com fry, Cinquefoil, Fleawort,
Agrimony, Chamomel, Saint John's-wort, Purslain, Oak leaves, Willow leaves, Sen-
Melilot, Water-cresses, Rosemary, Rue, green or Houseleek, &c.
Sage Stechas. Open, as, Garlick, Onions, Wormwood.
Herbs cooling the head.Wood-sorrel, Mallows,' Marsh-mallows, Pellitory of the
Teazles, Lettice, Plantain, Willow-leaves, Wall, Endive, Succory, &c.
Sengreen or Houseleek, Strawberry-leaves, Soften. Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Beets,
Violet-leaves, Fumitory, Water Lilies. Pellitory of the Wall, Violet leaves, Straw-
Cool the throat. Orpine, Strawberry berry leaves, Arrach, Cypress leaves, Bay
\

leaves, Privet, Bramble leaves. leaves, Fleawort, &c.

>

Breast. Mulberry leaves, Bramble Harden. Purslain, Nightshade, Houses

i

leaves, Violet leaves, Strawberry leaves, \ leek or Sengreen, Duckmeat, and most
Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, Poppies, Orpine, j other herbs that are very cold.
Moneywort, Plantain, Colt's-foot. Extenuate. Mugwort, Chamomel, Hysop,
Heart. Sorrel, Wood sorrel, Viper's j Pennyroyal, Stoechas, Time, MotherofTime,
Bugloss, Lettice, Burnet, Violet leaves, t
Juniper, &c.
'
3 Y
264 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Discuss. Southernwood male and female, St. John's Wort, Marjoram, Horehound
j

all the four sorts of Maidenhair, Marsh- Bawrn,

>
Water-cresses, Origanum, Bazi,
mallows, Dill, Mallows, Arrach, Beets, {Pennyroy al,Poley mountain, Parsley ,Small-
Chamomel, Mints, Melilot, Pelitory of the age, Rue, Rosemary, Sage, Savin, Harlwort,
Wall,Chickweed, Rue, Stoechas, Marjoram. Time, Mother of Time, Scordium, Nettles.
Draw. Pimpernel, Birthworl, Dittany, Stop the terms. Shepherd's purse, Straw-
Leeks, Onions, Garlick, and also take this berries, Mirtles, Water Lilies, Plantain,
general rule, as all cold things bind and Houseleek or Sengreen, Comfry, Knotgrass.
harden, so all things very hot are drying. |
Resist poison. Southernwood, Worm-
Suppure. Mallows, Marsh-mallows, White jwood, Garlick, all sorts of Maiden hair,

Lily leaves, &c. | Smallage, Bettony, Carduus Benedictus,

Cleanse. Pimpernel, Southernwood, Germander, Calaminth, Alexanders, Car-
j

Sparagus, Cetrach, Arrach, Wormwood, nine Thistle, Agrimony, Fennel, Juniper,

Beet, Pelhtory of the Wall, Chamepitis, Horehound, Origanum, Pennyroyal, Poley-
j

Dodder, Liverwort, Horehound, Willow mountain, Rue, Scordium, Plantain,

j

leaves, &c. Discuss swellings. Maiden-hair, Cleavers,

Glntinate Marsh-mallows, Pimpernel, or Goosegrass, Mallows, Marsh-mallows,
Centaury, Chamepitis, Mallows, Germander, Docks, Bawm, Water-cresses, Cinquefbil,
Horsetail, Agrimony, Maudlin, Strawberry Scordium, &c.
!

leaves, Woad-chervil, Plantain, Cinquefoil, s Ease pain. Dil, Wormwood, Arach,

Comfry, Bugle, Self-heal, Woundwort, ! Chamomel, Csilaminth, Chamepitis, Hcn-
Tormentil, Rupture-wort, Knot-grass, bane, Hops, Hog's Fennel, Parsley, Rose-
Tobacco, i

mary, Rue, Marjoram, Mother of Time.

Expel wind. Wormwood, Garlick, Dill, Herbs Purging.
Smallage, Chamomel, Epithimum, Fennel,
Juniper, Marjoram, Origanum, Savory both! Choler. Groundsel, Hops, Peach leaves,
winterand summer. Tansy isgood to cleanse j Wormwood, Centaury, Mallows, Senna,
the stomach and bowels of rough viscous
j
Melancholy. Ox-eye, Epithimum, Fumi-
flegm, and humours that stick to them, j tory, Senna, Dodder.
which the flegmatic constitution of thei Flegm and water. Briony, white and
winter usually infects the body of man with, black, Spurge, both work most violently
and occasions gouts and other diseases of j and are not fit for a vulgar use, Dwarf
like nature and lasting long. This was the Elder, Hedge Hyssop, Laurel leaves, Mer-
j

original of that custom to eat Tansys in thescury, Mezereon also purges violently, and
*
111 i i
*
lil f T^ 11 1

spring ; the herb may be made into a con- so doth Sneezewort, Elder leaves, Senna.
O

serve with sugar, or boil it in wine and drink For the particular operations of these, as
the decoction, or make the juice into a syrup also how to order the body aftei purges, the
with sugar, which you will. quantity
T- ^ to be taken
at a time, vou have *
- -m -
,

Herbs breed seed. Clary, Rocket, and been in part instructed already, and shall
j

most herbs that are hot and moist, an d\ be more fully hereafter,
breed wind.
Provoke the terms. Southernwood, Gar-j
lick, all the sorts of Maiden hair, Mugwort, j
Wormwood, Bishops-weed, Cabbages, Bet- 1
FLOWERS.
tony, Centaury, Chamomel, Calaminth, College.]
j
Wormwood, Agnus
Germander, Dodder, Dittany, Fennel, Amaranthus,
*
Dill, Rosemary, Columbines,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 2C5

Orrenges, Balaustins, or Pomegranate Flowers, Epithimum, Winter-gilliflowers, or Wall-

j
:

Bettony, Barrage, Bugloss, Marigolds, Wood- flowers, Woodbine, or Honey-suckles.

bine or Honey -suckles, Clove Gilliflowers, Cen- Cold in the first degree. Mallows, Roses
taury the /ess, Chamomel, Winter Gilliflowers, red, white, and damask Violets.
Succory, Comfry the greater, Saffron, Blue- In the second. Anemora, or Wind-flower,
great and small^ (Synosbatus, Tragus, Endive, Succory, Water-lilies, both white
bottle
and Dedonaeus hold our white thorn to be it, and yellow. ;

Cordus and Marcelus think it to be Bryars, In the third. Balaustins, or Pomegranate

\

Lugdunensis takes for the sweet Bryar,

it : flowers.
but what our College takes it
for, I know not) j
In the fourth. Henbane, and all the sorts
Fiitinue (T>;r>c/-nrirlf. mil* thp flnnw'v nf tfjp
of Poppies, only whereas authors say, field
Cytinus, (Dioscorides calls the fiowers of the
j

Manured Pomegranates, Cytinus, but Pliny Poppies, which some call red, others erratick
and corn Roses, are the coldest of all the
calls thejlowers of the wild kind by that name,)

Fox-glove, Viper s Bugloss, Rocket, Eye- others ; yet my opinion is, that they are
bright, Beans, Fumitory, Broom, Cowslips, not cold in the fourth degree.
\

St. John's Wort, Hysop, Jessamine or Shrub, Moist in the fast degree.
\
Borrage, Bug-
Dead *s~ u c T?~J
Trefoil, Archangel, or Nettles white**"
loss, Mallows, Succory, Endive.
and red, Lavender, Wall-flowers, or Winter- In the second. Water-lilies, Violets.
and of
'

Gilliflowers, Privet, Lilies white, the Dry in the first degree. Ox-eye, Saffron,
valley, Hops, Common and tree Mallows, \ Chamomel, Melilot, Roses.
Feather-few, Woodbine, or Honey -suckles, In the second.
Wind-flower, Amomus,
\

Melilot, Bawm, Walnuts, Water-Lilies white \ Clove-gilliflowers, Rocket,

Lavender, Hops,
and yellow, Origanum, Poppies white and red, Peony, Rosemary, Spikenard.
\

or Erraticks, Poppies, or corn Roses, so called In the third. Woodbine, or

ii

Honey-
because they grow amongst Corn, Peony, suckles, Balaustines, Epithimum, German-
Honey-suckles, or Woodbine, Peach-flowers, der, Chamepitis.
:

Primroses, Self-heal, Sloebush, Rosemary The temperature of any other flowers not
i

fiowers, Roses, white, damask and red, Sage, \ here mentioned are of the same temperature
Elder, white Saxifrage, Scabious, Siligo, f/jwith the herbs, you may gain skill bj
think they mean wheat by it, Authors are not* searching there for them, you can loose
agreed about it) Steches, Tamarisk, Tansy, none.
Mullen or Higtaper. Limetree, Clove Gilli-
For the parts of the body, they are appropriated
flowers, Colt's-foot, Violets, Agnus Castus,
some heat
to,
Dead Nettles white and red.
Culpeper.~] That these may be a little \ The head; as, Rosemary flowers, Self-
explained for the public good: be pleased heal, Chamomel, Bettony, Cowslips, Laven-
$

*~ *"'- * : ~~
to take notice
-

der, Melilot, Peony, Sage, Stoechas.

Some are hot in the first degree, as Borrage, The breast. Bettony, Bawm, Scabious,
Bugloss, Bettony, Ox-eye, Melilot, Cha- Schoenanth.
momel, Stoechas. The heart. Bawm, Rosemary flowers,
Hot in the second
degree. Amomus, Saf- Borrage, Bugloss, Saffron, Spikenard.
fron, Clove-gilliflowers, Rocket,
~, Bawm,| The stomach. Rosemary-flowers, Spike-
, ,

Spikenard, Hops, Schenanth, Lavender, nard, Schoenanth.

\

Jasmine, Rosemary. The liver. Centaur y, Schaenanth, Elder,

In th* third degree. Agnus Castus, 1
Bettony, Chamomel, Spikenard.
26G THE COMPLETE HERBAL
The spleen. Bettonj', Wall-flowers. Flowers purge choler. Peach flowers
The reins and bladder. Bettony, Marsh j Damask Roses, Violets,
mallows, Melilol, Schoenanth, Spikenard. Flegm. Broom flowers, Elder flowers.
The womb. Bettony, Squinanth or Sche- } If you compare but the quality of the
nanth, Sage, Orris or Elower-de-luce. flowers with the herbs, and with the exphv-
j
The joints. Rosemary-flowers, Cowslips, 1 nation of these terms at the latter end, you
Chamomel, Melilot. may easily find the temperature and pro-
i

pe 7 the rest
Flowers, as they are cooling, so they
J cool \ 1
The flowers of; ^
being boiled into
Ox-eye
The head. Violets, Roses, the three sorts j
a poultice with a little barley meal, takeaway
of Poppies, and Water-lilies. and hardness of the flesh,
swellings j
being
The breast and heart. Violets, Red Roses, applied warm to the place.
i

Water-lilies. Chamomel flowers heat, discuss, loosen

The stomach. Red Roses, Violets. j
and rarify, boiled in Clysters, they are ex-
The liver and spleen. Endive, and Succory J cellent in the wind cholic, boiled in wine,
Violets, Borrage, and Bugloss, moisten j
and the decoction drunk, purges the reins,
the heart, Rosemary-flowers, Bawm and I break the stone, opens the pores, cast out
Bettony, dry it.
j
choleric humours, succours the heart, and
,- ,. ,
J eases pains and aches, or stiffness comin 2
to
According property, so they bind, \
by travelling>
Balaustins, Saffron, Succory, Endive,? The flowers of Rocket used outwardly,
red-roses, Melilot, Bawm ,Clove-gilliflowers, discuss swellings, and dissolve hard tumors,
j

Agnus Castus. you may boil them into a poultice, but in-
j
Discuss. Dill, Chamomel, Marsh-mallows, Iwardly taken they send but unwholesome
Mallows, Melilot, Stoechas, &c. vapours up to the head.
i

Cleanse. Damask-roses, Elder flowers, Hops open obstructions of the bowels,

:

Bean flowers, &c. liver, and spleen, they cleanse, the body of
j

Extenuate. Orris, or Flower-de-luce, choler and flegm, provoke urine.

I

Chamomel, Melilot, Stcechas, &c. Jasmine flowers boiled in oil, and the
Mollify. Saffron, white Lilies, Mallows, grieved place bathed with it, takes awaj
1

Marsh-mallows, &c. cramps and stitches in the sides.

;

Suppure. Saffron, white Lilies, &c. The flowers of Woodbine, or Honey-

Glutinate. Balaustines, Centaury, &c. suckles, being dryed and beaten into pow-
Provoke the terms. Bettony, Centaury, der, and a dram taken in white wine in the
Chamomel, Schcenanth, Wall-flowers, Bawm morning, helps the rickets, difficulty of
Peony, Rosemary, Sage. breathing provoke urine, and help the
;

Stop the terms. Balaustines, or Pome- j stranguary.

granate flowers, Water Lilies. The flowers of Mallows being bruised and
Expel wind. Dill, Chamomel, Schcenanth, j boiled in honey (two ounces of the flowers
Spikenard. I
is sufficient for a pound of honey; and
Help burnings. White Lilies, Mallows, j having the honey before you
first clarified
Marsh-mallows. put them in) then strained out this honey
;

Resist poison.Bettony, Centaury. taken with a liquorice stick, is an excellent

Ease pain. Dili, Chamomel, Centaury, remedy for Coughs, Asthmas, and con-
Melilot, Rosemary. sumptions of the lungs.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 267

| Capers, Nutmegs, dry Walnuts, dry Haztl

\ Nuts, Fistick Nuts.
FRUITS. In the third Juniper Berries.
degree.
t
Cloves, Carpobalsamum, Cubebs, Anacar-
College.] Winter-cherries, Lace Apples, i
dium, bitter Almonds.
Almonds sweet and bitter, Anacardia, Oranges, In the fourth degree. Pepper, white, black
j
Hazel Nuts, the oily Nut Ben, Barberries, \ and long, Guinny Pepper.
Capers, Guinny Pepper, Figs, Carpobalsamum, \
Cold in the Jirst degree. The flesh of
'

Cloves, Cassia Fistula, Chestnuts, Cherries Citrons, Quinces, Pears, Prunes, &c.
black and red, Cicers, white, black and red, In the second. Gourds, Cucumbers,
Pome Citrons, Coculus Indi, Coloci/nthis, Cur-\ Melons, Pompions, Oranges, Lemons,
rants, Cornels or Cornelian Cherries, Cubebs, Citrons, Pomegranates, riz. the juice of
\

Cucumbers garden and mid, Gourds, Cynos- them, Peaches, Prunes, Galls, Apples.
\

batus, Cypress, Cones, Quinces, Dales, Dwarf- In the third. Mandrakes.

\

Elder, Green Figs, Strawberries, common and In the fourth. Stramonium.

\

Turkey Galls, Acorns, Acorn Citps, Pome- Moist in the Jirst degree. The flesh of
\

granatcs, Gooseberries, Ivy, Herb Truc-Lovc, \ Lemons, Oranges, viz. the inner
Citrons,
Walnuts, Jujubes, Juniper berries, Bayberries, rhind which
\
is white, the outer rhind is hot,

Lemons, Oranges, Citrons, Quinces, Pome- In the second. Gourds, Melons, Peaches,
\

granates, Lemons, Mandrakes, Peaches, \ Prunes, &c.

Stramonium, Apples, garden and wild, or \
Dry in thefirst degree.
Juniper Berries.
Crabs and Apples, Musk Melons, Medlars The Nut Ben, Capers,
In the second.
Mulberries, Myrobalans, Bellericks, Chebs, Pears, Fistick Nuts, Pine Nuts, Quinces,
Emblicks, Citron and Indian, Mirtle, Berries, Nutmegs, Bay berries.
water Nuts, Hazel Nuts, Chestnuts, In the third. Cloves, Galls, &c.
Cypress \
Nuts, Walnuts, Nutmegs, Fistick Nuts, \
In the fourth. All sorts of pepper.
Vomiting Nuts, Olives pickled in brine, Heads \ .
As to the body of Man, so they
of white and black Poppies, Pompions, Peaches,\ *PP">P'f
heat the head : as
French or Kidney Beans, Pine, Cones, white
\

black, and long Pepper, Fistick Nuts, Apples \ Anacardia, Cubebs, Nutmegs.
and Crabs, Prunes, French and Damask, Sloes, \ The breast. Bitter Almonds, Dates,
Pears, English Currants, Berries of Purging Cubebs, Hazel Nuts, Pine Nuts, Figs,
2

Thorn., black Berries, Raspberries, Elder \ Raisins of the sun,

Jujubes.
berries, Scbastens, Services, or Checkers, Haw- \ The heart. Walnuts, Nutmegs, Juniper
thorn berries, Pine Nuts, Water Nuts,
Grapes, berries.
\

Gooseberries, Raisins, Ciirrants. The stomach. Sweet Almonds, Cloves,

Culpeper.] That you may reap benefit \ Ben, Juniper berries, Nutmegs, Pine Nuts,
by these, be pleased to consider, that they Olives,
j
are some of them The spleen. Capers.
Temperate in respect of heat. Raisins ofj
The reins and bladder. Bitter Almonds,
the sun, Currants, Pine Nuts, Dates, Juniper Berries, Cubebs, Pine Nuts, Raisins
Figs, j

Sebastens. of the sun.

|
Hot in the Jirst degree. Sweet Almonds, The womb. Walnuts, Nutmegs, Bay-
j

Jujubes, Cypress Nuts, green Hazel Nuts, berries, Juniper berries,

j

green Walnuts. Cool the breast. Sebastens, Prunes,

Hot in the second degree. The Nut Ben, Lemons.
\ Oranges,
3 z
268 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
The heart.Oranges, Lemons, Citrons,
art. I
Myrobalans of all sorts, especially Chebs,
lates, Quinces, Pears.
Pomegranates, \
j Bellericks and Emblicks, purge flegm very
Thestomach. Quinces, Citruls, Cucumbers, !
gently, and without danger.
Gourds, Musk Melons, Pompions, Cherries, i Of all these give me leave to commend
Gooseberries, Cornelian Cherries, Lemons, only one to you as of special concernment,
Apples, Medlars, Oranges, Pears, English which is Juniper berries.
Currants, Cervices or Checkers.
The liver. Those that cool the stomach
and Barberries.
The reins and womb. Those that cool the i
SEEDS
stomach, and Strawberries. College.] Sorrel, Agnus Castus, Marsh-
\mallows, Bishop's weed true and common.
By their several operations, some j Amomus, Dill, Angellica, Annis, Rose-seed,
n a8 e >
Bind As the berries of Mirtles, Bar- \S>
at *> f Or " n ^
Columbines, Sparagut, Arach,
^Jocfe Bazil Barbernes,
berries, Chestnuts, Cornels, or Cornelian 1
Cotton Bruscus or Knee-holly Hemp, Carda-
>
Cherries, Quinces, Galls, Acorns, Acorn- \
^ms
greater and lesser, Carduiis Benedict us,
cups, Medlars, Checkers or Cervices, Pome- ottr La

W ^^
1
S Thistles Bastard
Saffron Cora-
granates, Nutmegs, Olives, Pears, Peaches. [
greater and lesser,
Discuss. Capek all the sorts o> Pepper. m " SSpurgeKernels Cohorts
Extenuate. Sweet and bitter Almonds, of Cherry stones, '

Cheryl,
Succory, Hemlock, Citrons, Citruls, Garden
Bavberries
J^fCL. y Ut/l 1 lv>3 Junioer
\} Hill \J\^L berries
ILJC1 1 1CO >
j y- 7
/-^ j~ j 7 -. ,-*, ,

Glutinate. Acorns, Acorn Cups,

Raisins of the sun, Currants.
^^l^^'^^J^^G^der^p^
Cucumbers garden and mid Gourds, Quinces,

Expel Wind. Bay berries, Juniper ber-

TICS Nutmegs ' all the sorts of Pepner \Enghsh,
C osba
j
^TPf ^
and cretish, Dwarf-Elder, Endive,
Hedge ,Mustard, Orobus, Beans, Fennel,
^ jfiJtSS ^
T?
Breed j
seed. Kaisms or the sun, sweet? Rocket,
T>
v 7 t 7 V, ,

Fenugreek, Ash-tree keys, Fumitory, Brooms,

Almonds
- IHC Nuts
\llin'JKlr>, Pine lll>, X
Fijrs &r
^ii^9 tXL-
J.^1 /' Tl Tk 7 Tt

Provoke urine. Winte? Cherries.

G ins
x~y 1* s

Pomegranates, mid Rue

?

f P^adise, white St Johns

Provoke the terms. Ivy berries, Capers,&c. {
Stoo thet
t*Jl>\JfJ /( C terms
frC/ ///
ii . IBarberries &c
fill UC-1 1 itT.3. tX-L- ^O
^TJ^ 7~
?arto,
\Wort, Hyssop, Lettice, Sharp-pomted-Dock,
Henbane,
1T"*7T" "T
T? T} :
Spurge, L,aurel, L,entils, Lovage, Lemons,
^
, i
Resist poison. Bay berries, Juniper ber-j /, , T .
, /-.
j Ash-tree-kei/s, Linseed, or klaxu-eed, Grom-
;

A/tr^i n-* i 11
nes, Walnuts, Citrons, commonly called ;/ r i c * i-* * -i T IT
ia>e, JJarnel, bweet ^ oil,',Lupines, Master
-
Jrome p;
T) , fw ^11^1, c ii Irej
L/itrons, all the sorts or Pepper. T.^ , /r
.
iir 7 / ;
17
Ease -o u T i^'or^, Marjoram, Mallows, Mandrakes, Melons,
pain. Bay berries, Juniper berries, Medlars 1/f ),
-
^/r >-,

Ivv berries Fi- s Walnuts Raisins Cur ' > Mezereon, Cromwell, meet Navew
NiSella the kernels > Cherrie AP ricois and
# * >
rants
1(11113* dll all theLUC OLJ1
so?ts' of Pepper
to \JL i C/lJUCl* >! T\ 7 T> /-\ t f- 7 1~ T" *
?

readies, Bazil, Orobus, Rice, Pamck, Poppies

Fruits purging \
wn ^ e an d black, Parsnips garden and wild,
\ Thorough Wax, Parsley, English and Mace-
Choler. Cassia Fistula, Citron ~M.yro- \donian, Burnet, Pease, Plantain, Peony, Leeks,
balans, Prunes, Tamarinds, Raisins. Purslain, Fleazeort, Turnips, Radishes, Sumach
I

Melancholy. Indian Myrobalans. Spurge, .Roses, Rue, garden and wild, Worm-
;

Flegrn. Colocynthis and wild Cucumbers seed, Saxifrage, Succory, Sesami, Hartzi'ort,
purge violently, and therefore not rashly to common and cretish, Mustard-seed, Alexanders,
be meddled withal: 1 desire my book should Nightshade, Steves Agcr, Sumach, Treacle,
\

be beneficial, not hurtful to the vulgar, but Mustard, sweet Trefoil, Wheat, both the Jint
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 269

Hour and the bran, and that which starch Is The stomach. Annis, Bishop's weed,
\

'made q/', Vetches or Tares, Violets, Nettles, Amornus^Smallage, Cummin, Cardamoms,

common and Roman, the stones of Grapes, Cubebs, Grains of Paradise.
Greek Wheat, or Spelt Wheat The liver. Annis, Fennel, Bishop's weed,
Culpeper.~] That you may receive a little Amomus, Smallage, Sparagus, Cummin,
more benefit by these, than the bare reading Caraway, Carrots.
of them, which doth at the most but tell The spleen. Annis, Caraway, Water-
you what they are the ;following method cresses.
j

may instruct you what they are good for. The reins and bladder. Cicers, Rocket,
,
iKcds are hot
,7 r
m the first degree.
I

^^
Saxifrage, Nettles,' Gromwell.

The joints.
Peo ny) Rue
Linseed, Fenugreek, Coriander, Rice, >
Water-cresses, Rue, Mustard-
Gromwell, Lupines. jseed.
In the second. Dill, Smallage, Orobus, Cool the head.
| Lettice, Purslain, white
Rocket, Bazil, Nettles. Poppies. |

In the third. Bishop's Weed, Annis, The breast. White Poppies, Violets.
i

Amomus, Carraway, Fennel, (and so 1 The heart. 1

Orange, Lemon, Citron
believe Smallage too, let authors say what and Sorrel seeds.
|

they will, for if the herb of Smallage bej Lastly, thefourgreaterand four lesser cold
somewhat hotter than Parsley I know seeds, which you may find in the
; |
beginning
little reason why the seed should not be so of the compositions, as also the seed of white
j

hot) Cardamoms, Parsley, Cummin, Carrots, and black Poppies cool the liver and spleen,
|

reins and bladder, womb and

Nigella, Navew, Hartwort, Staves Ager. j joints.
In the fourth. Water -cresses, Mustard- ,. 7
.

,
According to
operation some seeds

Cold Barley, &c.

in thejirst degree. Bind, as Rose-seeds, Barberries, Shep-
In the second. Endive, Lettice, Purslain, | herd's purse, Purslain, &c.
Succory, Gourds, Cucumbers, Melons, Discuss.
j
Dill, Carrots, Linseeds, Fenu-
Citruls, Pompions, Sorrel, Nightshade. greek, Nigella, &c.
\

In the third. Henbane, Hemlock, Pop- j Cleanse. Beans, Orobus, Barley, Lupines,
pies white and black. Nettles, &c.j

Moist in thejirst degree. Mallows, &c. Mollify. Linseed, or Flax seed, Fenu-
Dry in the first degree.Beans, Fennel, greek seed, Mallows, Nigella.
j

Fenugreek, Barley, Wheat, &c. Harden. Purslain seed, c.

\

In the second. Orobus, Lentils, Rice, \ Suppure. Linseed, Fenugreek seed, Dar-
Poppies, Nightshade, and the like. jnel, Barley husked, commonly called French
Ira the third. Dill, Smallages, Bishop's j Barley.
Weed, Annis, Caraway, Cummin, Cori-1 Glutinate. Orobus, Lupines, Darnel, &c,
ander, Nigella, Gromwell, Parsley. Expel wind. Annis, Dill, Smallage,
.
,,, ,
,
f | Caraway, ' Cummin, Carrots, Fennel, Nigella,
Appropriated to the body of man, and so they Pars ,
ey; Hartwort ; Wormsee d.
j

Heat the head. Fennel, Marjoram, Peony, Breed seed. Rocket, Beans, Cicers, Ash-
j

ice. ? tree keys.

The breast. Nettles. Provoke the menses. Amomus, Sparagus,
The heart. Bazil, Rue, &c. Mustard Annis, Fennel, Bishop's weed, Cicers, Car-
I

seed, &c. rots, Smallage, Parsley, Lovage, Hartwort,

I
 270 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Break the stone Mallows, Marsh-mal- Concrete Juices or Juic<, sma de
thick, are either
,
lows, Cromwell, &c.
Stop the terms. Rose seeds, Cummin, Temperate, as, Juice of Liquorice, white
Burdock, &c. starch.
'

Resist poison. Bishop's weed, Annis, Hot in the Jirst degree. Sugar.
Smallage, Cardamoms, Oranges, Lemons,: In the second. Labdanum.
Citrons, Fennel, &c. In the third. Benzoin, Assafoetida.
Ease pain. Dill, Amomus, Cardamoms, Cold in the third degree. Sanguis Draco-
Cummin, Carrots, Orobus, Fenugreek, Lin- nis, Acacia.
seed, Gromwell, Parsley, Panick. In the third. Hypocistis.
Assuage swellings. Linseed, Fenugreek the fourth. Opium, and yet some
In
seeds, Marsh-mallows, Mallows, Corian- \ authors think Opium is hot because of its
der, Barley, Lupines, Darnel, &c. bitter taste. i

Aloes and Manna purge choler gently;

! and
Scamony doth purge choler violently,
that it is no ways fit for a vulgar man's use,
j

for ]t c orrodes the Opopoanax

The tells you a talc that there are
College j

Pu
fl
m
such things in Rerum Natura, as these, jg
fHne f
fle
^ ^
r >'
f gentlj
levi g ates or raake *
sta
ntl

Gums, Rozins, Balsams, and Juices made

j
,
r
-

j smooth such parts

?
are rough, syrup ot as
,

|
Violets being made thick with it and so
College.] Juices of Wormwood and Maud- [
taken on the point of a knife, helps coughs,
lin, Acacia, Aloes, Lees of Oil, Assa-foetida, \ roughness of the throat, wheezing, excoria-
Balsam of Peru and India ; Bdellium, Ben- j tions of the bowels, the bloody-flux.
zoin t Camphire, Caranna, Colophonia, Juke Juice of Liquorice helps roughness of the
of\
Maudlin, Euphorbium, Lees of Wine, Lees of\ Trachea Arteria, which is in plain English
Oil, Gums of Galbanum, Amoniacum, Anime, \ called the windpipe, the roughness of which
Arabick, Cherry Trees, Copal, Elemy, Juni- causes coughs and hoarseness, difficulty of
\

per, Ivy, Plumb Trees, Cambuge, Hypocystis, breathing, &c. It allays the heat of the
Labdanum, Lacca, Liquid Amber, Manna, stomach and liver, eases pains, soreness and
Mastich, Myrrh, Olibanum, Opium, Opopanax, roughness of the reins and bladder, it
Pice-bitumen, Pitch of the Cedar of Greece, quencheth thirst, and strengthens the
Liquid and dry Rozins of Fir-tree, Larch-tree, stomach exceedingly: It may easily be
Pine tree, Pine-fruit, Mastich. Venice and carried about in one's pocket, and eat a little
Cyprus Turpentine. Sugar, white, red, and now and then.
Christaline, or Sugar Candy white and red, Sugar cleanses and digests, takes away
Sagapen, Juniper, Gum, Sanguis Draconis, j roughness of the tongue, it strengthens the
Sarcocolla, Scamonu, Styrax, Liquid and j reins and bladder, being weakened being :

Calamitis, Tacha, Mahacca, Tartar, Frankin- beaten into fine powder and put into the
cense, Olibanum, Tragaganth, Birdlime. eyes, it takes away films that grow over
CidpeperJ] That my country may receive the sight.
more benefit than ever the college of Phy- Labdanum is in operation, thickening,
sicians intended them from these, I shall heating and mollifying, it opens the passage
treat of them severally. of the veins, and keeps the hair from falling
1. Of the Juices. off; the use of it is usually external : being
2. Of the Gums and Rosins, mixed with wine, myrrh, and oil of mirtles,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 271

and applied like a plaister, it takes away \

Opopanax gently purges flegm
filthy scars, and the deformity the small
From the prickly Cedar when it is burned
?

pox leaves behind them; being- mixed with comes forth that which, with us, is usually
\

oil of Roses, and dropped into the ears, it! known by the name of Tar, and is excellently
for unction either for scabs, itch, or
helps pains there being used as a pes- \ good
;

sary, it
provokes the menses, and helps manginess, either in men or beasts, as alsc
|

hardness, or stiffness of the womb. It is against the leprosy, tetters, ringworms, and
!

sometimes used inwardly in such medicines scald heads. 5

as ease pains and help the cough if you

: All sorts of Rozins fill up hollow ulcers,
\

mix a little of it with old white wine and and relieve the body sore pressed with cold
j
drink it, it both provokes urine and stops griefs. \

looseness or fluxes. The Rozin of Pilch-tree, is that which

Dragons blood, cools, binds, and repels. is commonly called
:
Burgundy pitch, and
Acasia, and Hyposistis, do the like. |
is something hotter and sharper than the
The juice of Maudlin, or, for want of it former, being spread upon a cloth is ex-
\

Costmary, which is the same in effect, and cellentlygood for old aches coming of former
j

better known to the vulgar, the juice is made! bruises or dislocations,

thick for the better keeping of it; first? Pitch mollifies hard swellings, and brings
clarify the juice before you boil it to its due \ boils and sores to suppuration, it breaks
thickness, which is something thicker than j carbuncles, disperses aposthumes, cleanses
honey. ulcers of corruption and fills them with
It is appropriated to the liver, and the flesh. ;

quantity of a dram taken every morning, Bdellium heats and mollifies, and that very
*

helps the Cachexia, or evil disposition of; temperately, being mixed with any con-
the body proceeding from coldness of the { venient ointment or plaister, it helps ker-
liver: it
helps the rickets and worms in | nels in the neck and throat, Scrophula, or
children, provokes urine, and gently (with- i that disease which was called the King's
out purging) disburdens the body of choler \ Evil. Inwardly taken in any convenient
and flegm; it succours the lungs, opens ob-i medicine, it provokes the menses, and breaks
structions, and resists putrifaction of blood. | the stone, it helps coughs and bitings of
Gums are eithertemperate, as9 Lacca, j venomous beasts it
helps windiness of the
:

Elemi, Tragacanth, &c. spleen,}and pains in the sides thence coming.

Intemperate, and so are hot in the first \ Both outwardly applied to the place and
degree, as Bdellium, Gum of Ivy. j inwardly
taken, it helps ruptures or such as
In the second, Galbanum, Myrrh, Mastich, are burst, it softens the hardness of the
Frankincense, Olibanum, Pitch, Rozin, womb, dries up the moisture thereof and
j

Sty rax j expels

the dead child.
In the third. Amoniacum. Bitumen Jadaicum is a certain dry pitch
In the/ourth. Euphorbiurn. which the dead sea, or lake of Sodom in India
Gum Arabick is cold. casts forth at certain times, the inhabitants
i

Colophonia and Styrax soften. thereabouts pitch their ships with it.
\
It is
Gum Arabick and Tragacanth, San- of excellent use to mollify the hardness of
1

darack or Juniper Gum, and Sarcocolla swellings and discuss them, as also against
\

bind. 1 inflammations ; the smoke of

burnt is
it
Gum of Cherry trees, breaks the stone. 1 excellently
good for the fits of the mother,
Styrax provokes the menses. f
and the falling-sickness : Inwardly taken in
4 A
272 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
wine it provokes the menses, helps the bitings turcs in the skull and head. See Arceus'
j

of venomous beasts, and dissolves congealed liniment. j

blood in the body. Gum Lacca being well purified, and the
Ambergreese is hot and dry in the second quantity of half a dram taken in any con
;

degree, I will not dispute whether it be a venient liquor, strengthens the stomach ana
\

Gum or not: It strengthens nature much liver, opens obstructions, helps the yellow
which way soever it be taken, there are but! jaundice and dropsy; provokes urine,
few grains usually given of it at a time: breaks the stone in the reins and bladder,
mixed with a little ointment of Orange Liquid Amber is not much unlike liquid
j

flowers, and the temples and forehead Styrax: by unction it warms and comforts
!

anointed with it, it eases the pains of iheja cold and moist brain, it eases all griefs
head and strengthens the brain exceedingly coming of a cold cause, it mightily comforts
;
j
the same applied to the privities helps the and strengthens a weak stomach,
j being
fits of the mother; inwardly taken it anointed with it, and helps digestion ex-
|

strengthens the brain and memory, thej ceedingly, it dissolves swellings. It is hoi
heart and vital spirit, Wtu ms cold stomachs, in the third degree, and moist in the first,
I

and is an exceeding strengthener of nature I think it would do the commonwealth

j

to old people, adding vigour to decayed and no narm if I should speak a word or two of
\

worn-out spirits it provokes venery, and Manna here, although it be no Gum I con-
: ! :

makes barren women fruitful, if coldness fess authors make some flutter about it,
j

and moisture or weakness be the cause im-i what it is, some holding it to be the juice
pediting. of a tree I am confident it is the very same
;

Assafwtido, being smelled to, is vulgarly condensatcd that our honey-dews here are,
known to repress the fits of the mother only the contries whence it comes being far
;
i

a little bit put into an aching tooth, pre- hotter, it falls in great abundance. Let him
scntly eases the pain, ten grains of it taken | that desires reason for it, be pleased to read
before dinner, walking half an hour after \ Butlers book of Bees, a most excellent
it, provokes appetite, helps digestion, i experimental work, there he shall find rca-
strcngthens the stomach, and takes away son enough to satisfy any reasonable man.
j

loathing of meat, it provokes lust exceed- 1 Choose the driest and Avhitest; it is a very
ingly and expels wind as much. \ gentle purger of choler, quenches thirst,
Borax, besides the virtues it has to solder\
provokes appetite, eases the roughness ot
Gold, Silver, Copper, &c. inwardly given the throat, helps bitterness in the throat,
\

in small quantities, it stops fluxes, and the: and often proneness to vomit, it is very good

running of the reins being in fine powder, ! for such as are subject to be costive to put
:

and put into green wounds, it cures them at it into their drink instead of sugar, it hath
I

once dressing. } no obnoxious quality at all in it, but may

Gambitge, which the College calls Gutta \ be taken by a pregnant woman without any
Gamba. I know no good of it.
| danger;
a child of a year old may take an
Caranna outwardly applied, i? excellent ounce of it at a time dissolved in milk, it
;

for aches and swellings in the nerves and will melt like sugar, neither will it be known
I

ioints: If you lay it behind the ears, it j from it by the taste.

draws back humours from the eyes applied
;
Myrrh is hot and dry in the second degree
,

to the temples as.they usually do Mastich, it dangerous for pregnant women, it is bitter ,
1

helps the tooth-ache. jand yet held to be good for the roughness
Gum Elimi, authors appropriate to frac- ' of the throat and wind-pipe half a drama
:
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 273

it taken at a time helps rheumatic distilla- not very easy. It stops defluctions from
tions upon the lungs, pains in the sides ; it the head, if you perfume your cap with the
Stops fluxes, provokes the menses, brings smoke of it, it helps the headache and
away both birth and after-birth, softens the j megrim, strengthens the brain, and therefore
hardness of the womb ; being taken two \ the sinews.
hours before the fit comes, it helps agues. Gum Tragaganth, which the vulgar call
Mathiolus saith he seldom used any other Gum Dragon, being mixed with pectoral
:

medicine for the quartan ague than a dram Syrups, (which you shall find noted in their
i

of myrrh given in Muskadel an hour before proper places) it helps coughs and hoarse-
ihe fit usually came ; if you make it up into \ ness, salt and sharp distillations upon the
pills with treacle, and take one of them lungs, being taken with a liquorice stick,
:

every morning fasting, it is a sovereign being dissolved in sweet wine, it helps

i

preservative against the pestilence, against! (being drank) gnawing in the bowels, sharp-
the poison of serpents, and other venomous ness and freetings of the urine, which causes
j

beasts; asingularremeclyforastinkingbreathj excoriations either in the reins or bladder,

if it arise from putrefaction of the stomach, being dissolved in milk and the eyes washed
j
it fastens loose teeth, and stays the shedd- i with it, it takes away weals and scabs that

ing off of the hair, outwardly used it breeds | grow on the eyelids, it is excellently good to
flesh in deep wounds, and covers the naked be put in:

poultice to fodder wounds,

bones with flesh. especially
i, if the nerves or sinews be hurt.
Olibanum is hot in the second degree, and i

Sagapen, dissolved in juice of rue and

dry in the first, you may take a dram of it i

taken, wonderfully breaks the stone in the

at a time, it stops looseness and the- run- bladder, expels the dead child and after-
|

ning of the reins; it strengthens the memory birth, clears the sight; dissolved in wine
exceedingly, comforts the heart, expels sad- and drank, it helps the cough, and dis-
|

ness and melancholy, strengthens the heart, tillation upon the lungs, and the fits of the
helps coughs, rheums and pleurises ; your mother; outwardly in oils or ointments, it
|

best way (in my opinion,) to take it is to mix helps such members as are out of joint or
j

it with conserve of roses, and take it in the over-stretched.

\

morning fasting. Galbanum is of the same operation, and

Tachamacha is seldom taken inwardly, also taken from the same plant, viz. Fennel,
outwardly spread upon leather, and applied Giant.
to the navel ; it stays the fits of the mother, Gum Arabic, thickens and cools, and cor-
applied to the side, it
mitigates speedily, \ reels choleric
sharp humours in the body,
and in little time quite lakes away the pain being dissolved in the white of an egg, weJl
j

and windiness of the spleen ; the truth is, beaten, it helps burnings, and keeps the
i

whatsoever ache or swelling proceeds of place from blistering.

}

wind or cold raw humours, I know no$ Mastich stays fluxes, being taken inwardly
better plaister coming from beyond sea than any way.? Three or four small grains of
this gum. It strengthens the brain and Mastich, swallowed at night
5
going to bed,
memory exceedingly, and stops all such | is a remedy for pains in the stomach :
defluctions thence as trouble the eyes, ears, being beaten into powder, and mixed wilh
j

or teeth, it helps the gout and sciatica. jconserve of Roses, it strengthens the stomaclv
Gum Coopal, and GumAnime^ are very stops distillations upon the lungs, stays
*

like one another both in body and

opera- i vomiting, and causes a sweet breath; bring
tion, the former is hard to come by, the last mixed with white wine and the mouth
2T4 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
washed with cleanses the gums of cor-
it, it being anointed with the same, cools the reins,
5

ruption, and fastens loose teeth.

jand seminal vessels, stops the running oi
Frankincense being used outwardly in the the reins and Fluor Albus, the moderate use
j

way of a plaister, heats and binds; being f of Venery, the like it doth if it be drank
applied to the temples, stops the rheums inwardly with Bettony-water, take but a
j

that flow to the eyes, helps green wounds, small quantity of it at a time inwardly, it
i

and fills hollow ulcers with flesh, stops the resist poison and bitings by venomous
j

bleeding of wounds, though the arteries be beasts outwardly, applied as before, and
j
;

cut ; being made into an ointment with the eyes anointed with it, stops hot rheums
\

Vinegar and Hog's-grease, helps the itch, that flow thither.

i

pains in the ears, inflammations in women's { Opopanax purges thick flegm from the
breasts commonly called agues in the breast ;most remote parts of the body, vix. the
i

beware of taking it inwardly, lest it cause! brain, joints, hands, and feet, the nerves
madness. and breast, and strengthens all those parts
;

is hot in the second it when they are weak, if the weakness

Turpentine degree, \
pro-
heals, softens, it discusses and purges, ceed of cold, as usually it doth
j
it helps
;

cleanses the reins, provokes urine. weakness of the sight, old rotten coughs,
|

Styrax Calamitis is hot and dry in the | and gouts of all sorts, dropsies, and swell-
second degree, it heals, mollifies, and con- ings of the spleen, it helps the stranguary
;

cocts; being taken inwardly helps the cough, and difficulty of making urine, provokes
j

and distillations of the lungs, hoarseness and $ the menses, and helps all cold afflictions of
loss of voice, helps the hardness of the the womb ; have a care you give it not to
\

womb, and provokes the menses. any pregnant women. The dose is one
j

Ammoniacum, hot and dry in the third dram at most, corrected with a littleMastich,
j

degree, softens, draws, and heats; being dis- dissolved in Vinegar and outwardly applied
j

solved in vinegar, strained and applied helps the passions of the spleen,
\

plaister-wise, it takes away carbuncles and ;

hardness in the flesh, it is one of the best;

remedies that I know for infirmities of the j
Jn ^
next , ace ^ ^^ a ,e

^
CQ]]
spleen, being applied to the left side; being concernilf Li id Ju ce
f T
made into an ointment with oil, it is good
to anoint the limbs or such as are weary :
|

which
j

j
b(J k for ^
nfc

a scruple of it being taken in the form of a \ College.] Vinegar, Juice of Citrons, Juice
pill loosens
the belly, gives speedy delivery of sour Grapes, Oranges, Barberries, Tears of
\

to women in travail, helps diseases of the a Birch-tree, Juice of Chermes, Quinces, Pome-
j

spleen, the sciatica and all pains in the granates, Lemons, Wood-sorrel, Oil of unripe
\

points, and have any humour afflicting their Olives, and ripe Olives, both new and cold, Juice
|

breast. of red and Damask Roses, Wine Tears of a

|

Camphire, it is held by all authority to be j

Vine.
cold and dry in the third degree, it is of very CulpeperJ]
|
The virtues of the most of
thin subtile parts, insomuch that being these may be found in the Syrups, and are
5

beaten into very fine powder it will vanquish few of them used alone,
|

away into the air, being beaten into powder \

and mixed with oil, and the temples anointed |

therewith, eases headaches proceeding of j

heat, all inflammations whatsoever, the back;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 275

broken, and they boiled in spring water,

i

Then the College tells you there are things \ \

bred of PLANTS \
btt not CUI
s
ed
/ itself, an " f>
.
T for the scum will
f
t "L& water drank for

ordinary drink is a most admirable remedy

College.] Agarick, Jews-ears, the berries for consumption; being bruised and ap-
of Chermes, the Spungy substance of' the plied to the place they help the gout, draw
Briar, Moss, Viscus Quercinus, Oak, Apples. thorns out of the flesh, and held to the nose
CulpeperJ] As the College would have 'help the bleeding thereof,
you know this, so would I know what the
chief of them are good for.
Ms-ears boiled in milk and drank,
j Therefore considef that h c
helps sore throats. h
Moss is cod, dry, and binding, therefore! Apothecaries a catalogue
*\ X,
of what
E
^
.
/-
*crements
good
'
for fluxes of all sorts.
Misleto of the Oak, it helps the falling \
f^EftS^ mUSt ke ln tf T
thcir sh P s '

sickness and the convulsions, being dis- ]

College.] The fat, grease, or suet, of a
erectly gathered and used. $ Duck, Goose, Eel, Soar, Herron, Thymol-
Oak Apples are dry and binding ; being j lows (if you know where to
get it) Dog,
boiled in milk and drank, they stop fluxes t
Capon, Beaver, wild Cat, Stork,
Coney, Horse
and the menses, and being boiled in vinegar, Hedge-hog, Hen, Man, Lion, Hare, Pikf, or
j

and the body anointed with the vinegar, Jack, (if they have any fat, I am persuaded
I

cures the itch. 'tis worth twelve-pence a grain) Wolf,

Mouse of the mountains, (if you can catch
them) Pardal, Hog, Serpent, Badger, Grey
brock Fox, Vulture, (if you can catch
Then the College acquaints you, That thereof
A n Gr^nn, Anghce, Dog's dung,
are certain living Creatures called J")
^\"
the hucklebone of a Hare and a. East Hog,
I

College.] Bees, Woodlice, Silkworms, \ and West Bezoar, Butter not salted and salted,
Toads, Crabs of the Rivet , little Puppy Dogs, j stone taken out of a man's bladder, Vipers
Grass-hoppers, Cantharides, Cothanel, Hedge- \flesh, fresh Cheese, Castorium, white, yellow,
hogs, Emmets or Ants, Larks, Swallows, and and Virgin's Wax, the brain of Hares and
;

their young ones, Horse-leeches, Snails, Earth- Sparrows, Crabs' Claws, the Rennet of a
\

worms, Dishwashers or Wagtails, House Lamb, a Kid, a Hare, a Calf, and a Horse,
i

Sparrows and Hedge Sparrows, Frogs, Scineus, j the heart of a Bullock, a Stag, Hog, and
Land Scorpions, Moles, or Monts, Tortoise of j a Wether, the horn of an Elk, a Hart,
the Woods, Tenches, Vipers and Foxes. \
a Rhinoceros, an Unicorn, the skidl of a man
Culpeper.~\ That part of this crew of killed by a violent death, a Cockscomb, the
I

Cattle and some others which they have not tooth of a Bore, an Elephant, and a Sea-horse,
|

been pleased to learn, may be made bene- Ivory, or Elephant's Tooth, the skin a Snake
i

ficial to your sick bodies, be pleased to hath cast off, the gall of a Hawk, Bullock, a
I

understand, that she Goat, a Hare, a Kite, a Hog, a Bull,

1

Bees being burnt to ashes, and a lye made a Bear, the cases of Silk-worms, the liver of a
with the ashes, trimly decks a bald head Wolf, an Otter, a Frog, Isinglass, the guts
being washed with it. of a Wolf and a Fox, the milk of a she Ass,
;

Snails with shells on their backs, being a she Goat, a Woman, an Ewe, a Heifer,
\

first washed from the dirt, then the shells East and West Bezoar, the stone in the head
\ of
4 B
276 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
a Crab, and a Perch, if there be any stone in \

an O.r Gall, stone in the bladder of a Man,

METALS, STONES, SALTS, AND
the Jaw of a Pike or Jack, Pearls, the marrow
OTHER MINERALS.
of the Leg of a Sheep, O.r, Goal, Stag, Calf,
common and virgin Honey, Musk, Mwnmy, a Ver-de-grease, Scales of Brans, JEtitis,
Swallow's nest, Crabs Eyes, the Qmentitm or Alana Terra, Alabaster, Aledorions, Alum
'

call of a Lamb, Ram, Wether, Calf, the Seisile and Roach Amethist, Amianth, Amphe-
:

whites, yolks, andshells of Hen's Eggs, Emmet's lites, Antimony, leaves and filings of Silver,
\

Eggs, bone of a Stag's heart, anO.r leg, Ossepia, Quick Silver, Lapis, Armenius, native Arsenic,
:

t fie inner skin

of a Hen's Gizzard, the wool of \both white and red, artificial Arsenic, while
Hares, the feathers of Partridges, that which and realgar, Argilla, Asteria, leaves and fit-
\

Ikes make at the entrance of the hive, the j

ings of Gold, Belemites, Berril, Bole-armenick,
pizzle of a Stag, of a Bull, Fox Lungs, >
Borrax, Toad-stone, Lapis Calaminatis, Cad-
fasting spiiilc, the blood of a Pigeon, of a \ mia, Lime quick and quenched, Vitriol, white.
Cat, of a h Goat, of a Hare, of a Partridge, \ blue, and green, Steel, Borrax, Chrisolite,

of a Sow, of a Bull, of a Badger, of a Snail, i

Chrisopus, Cynabris, native and artificial,
Silk, Whey, the suet of a Bullock, of a Stag, \ Whetstones, Chalk, white and green, Crystal,
of a he Goat, of a Sheep, of a Heifer, Sperma- \ Diphriges, the rust, dust, scales, and fakes of
celi, a Bullock's spleen, the skin a Snake hath \ Iron, Granite, Mortar, nich as walls are

ancle of a Hare, of a Sow, Cobwebs, Water Litharge of Silver and Gold, Load-
\ thrax,
thells, as Blatta Bazantia, Bnccince, Crabs, stone, Marchasite, or fire stone Marble, Red
j

Cockles, Dentalis, Entalis, Mother of Pearl, Lead, native and artificial, Miss, Naptha,
!

Mi/tuli PurpurfE, Os sepife, Umbilious Mart- j Lapis Ncphriticus, Nitre, Oaker yellow and
i Tr
>- X"r 7 /*> 7 , S\J S~\ /~k /^ J
* II T* I
'

7 J t

Cnlpeper.~\ The liver of an Heclge-hog Armoniach, Sal Gem, and

|
salt Nitre, Saphyr
being dried and beaten into powder and and
Sardine, Sclenitis,
j Flints, Emerald,
drank in wine, strengthens the reins exceed- Smiris, Sort, Spodinm, Pezder, Brimstone,
ingly, and helps the dropsy, convulsions, quick
and common, Talth, Earth of Cimolia,
j

and the falling sickness, together with all Sames, Lejnnos, Sylesia, Topas, Alana, Terra,
i

fluxes of the bowels. Tutty, Vitriol, white, blue, and green.

\

The being i.i like manner brought

liver i

j Pndou9 stoms alier b a K at/ mani

-

fest or
into powder, strengthens the liver exceed- 5
hidden

Then the College

==
ingly, and helps the dropsy.

tells you these things may \frst

By a way
degree.
manifest, they are hot,
in the

Hemetitis, Pyritis, Lopis

be taken from the SEA, as jAsius, hyitis, t Sinyres, Lapis Schistus.
Precious stones cold, arc in the first degree.
College.]
_~ ~ Amber-grease,
* v*
-,
Sea-water,
I*
Sea-\
-_? -.I ~m c*i i i i f~^ i . * . , l I ...<.._
sand,
Cart
Sea,
Amber. ; Granite, S a rdony
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 277

In the fourth' degree. Diamond. Pumice-stone being beaten into powder

In respect of property, they bind, as Lapis j
and the teeth rubbed with it, cleanses them.
Asius, Nectius, Geodes-, Pumice-stone. i Dioscorides.
Emolient , as Alabaster, Jet, Lapis Thra- \
Jet, it is of a softening and discussing
us. nature, it resists the fits of the mother.
Stupify: as Memphitis, Jasper, Ophites. Lapis Arabicus being beaten into pOAvder,
Cleanse : as Lapis Arabicus. and made into an ointment helps the
Glutinate: as Galaclitis, Melites. . t hemorrhoids.
Scarify: as Morochtus. Ostracites, a dram of it taken in powder
Break the stone: as Lapis Lyncis, Lapis i

provokes the menses; beingtaken after that

Judaicus, Lapis Sponge. | purgation, causes conception, also being
Retain the fruit in the womb: as ^Stitis, i made into an ointment, helps inflammations
Jasper. of the breast.
|
Provoke the menses. Ostracites. Myexis being borne about one takes away
in s in the reins > and hinders the
Stone* altering by a hidden property (as they breeding
P? ,

of the stone.
call it,) are
Lapis Armemus purges melancholy, and
Bezoar, Topaz, Lapis Colubrinus, Toad- also causes vomiting, I hold it not very
stone, Emerald, Alectorius, Calcidonius, \ safe for our English bodies, and therefore
Amethist, Saphyr, Jasper, Lapis Nephri- j I will speak no more of it.
ticus, Lapis Tibernum, Lapis, Spongites, \ ^ , ,. .
jr
HP stone
the tnnP found t.hfi maw of a
fnnnH in the Swallow.
a Swallow,
.
Explanation of certain Vacuations.
Load-stone, Lapis Vulturis, Merucius, The five opening Roots.
Coral, Lynturius, Jet, ^Elites, the stones of Smallage, Sparagus, Fennel, Parsley, Knee-
Crabs, Amber, Crystal, &c. \
holly.
The Load-s4 nne purges gross humours. The two opening Roots.
Lapis Armemus and Lapis Lazuli, purge >
Fennel, Parsley.
melancholy. The five emolicnt Herbs.
Pyrites heat and
cleanse, take away | Marsh-mallows, Mallows, Beets, Mercury,
dimness of sight. Dioscorides. Lapis Asius jPellitory of the Wall, Violet Leaves.
binds and moderately corrodes and cleanses
j
The five Capillary Herbs,
filthy ulcers, and fills them up with flesh
; ; Maidenhair, Wall Rue, Cctrach, Hart's-
being mixed with honey, and applied to the tongue, Politncum.
\

place, is an admirable remedy for the gout, i The four cordial Flowers.
Chrystal being beaten into very fine pow- 1
Barrage, Bi/gloss, Roses, Violets.
der, and a dram of it taken at a time helps ; The four greater hot Seeds, Carminative,
the bloody-flux, stops the Fluor Albus, and \ or breaking wind,
increases milk in Nurses. Mathiolus. Annis, Carraway, Cummin, Fennel.
Lapis Samius is
cooling and binding, it is
j
The four lesser hot seeds,
very comfortable to the stomach, but it
j Bishop's weed, Amomus, Smallage, Carrots
dulls the senses, helps fluxes of the eyes
|
The four greater cold seeds,
and ulcers. j Citrul, Cucumber, Gourds, Melon.
Geodetes binds and drys, being beaten j
The four lesser cold seeds,
inlo powder and mixed with water, and i
Succory, Endive, Lettice^ Purslain.
applied to the place, takes away in- t Five fragments of precious stones,
flammalions of the Testicles. i
Granite,Jacinth,Sapphire,Sardine,Emerald
278 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
\ Bullocks dung made in May, Swallows, Earth-
The worms, Magpies, Spawn of Frogs.
right worshipful, the College of Phy-
sicians of London in their Dispen- New
satory give you free leave to distil these
common waters that follow, but they SIMPLE WATERS DISTILLED.
never intend you should know what they being digested before-hand.
are good for.
Of the fresh Roots of Nettles.
SIMPLE DISTILLED WATERS. Of the leaves of Agrimony, wild Tansy,
or Silverweecl, Mugwort, Bettony, Mari-
Of fresh Roots of
Chamomel, Chamepitys, Celandine,
Briony, Onions, Elecampane, Orris, or
ilewort, Scurvy-grass, Comfry the greater,
falds,
Flower-de-luce, Turnips.
Dandelyon, Ash-tree leaves, Eyebright,
Of flowers and buds ot Fumitory, Alehoof, or ground Ivy, Horse-
Southernwood, both sorts of Wormwood, tail, St. John's Wort, Yarrow, Moneywort,
Wood Sorrel, Lady s-Mantle, Marsh-mallows, Restharrow, Solomon's Seal, Res solis, Rue,
Angelica, Pimpernel with purple flowers, Savin, Saxifrage, Hart's tongue, Scordium,
Smallage, Coluthbines, Sparagus, Mouse-ear, Tamarisk, Mullin, Vervain, Paul's Bettony,
Barrage, Shepherd's Purse, Calaminth, Wood- Mead-sweet, Nettles.
bine or Honey-suckles, Carduus Benedictus, Of the Flowers of Mayweed, Broom,
our Lady's Thistles, Knotgrass, Succory, Cowslips, Butter-bur, Peony, Elder.
Dragons, Colt's-foot, Fennel, Goat's Rue, Of the berries of Broom, Elder.
Grass, Hyssop, Lcttice, Lovage, Toad-flax, Culpeper.~\ Then the College gives you
Hops, Marjoram, Mallows, Horehound, Fea- an admonition concerning these, which
therfew, Hawm, Mints, Horse-mints, Water being converted into your native language,
Cresses, English Tobacco, white Poppies- is as follows.
Pellatory of the Wall, Parsley, Plantain, We give you warning that these common
Purslain, Self-heal, Pennyroyal, Oak leaves, waters be better prepared for time to
Sage, Scabious, Figwort or Throatwort, House- come, either in common stills, putting
leek, or Sengreen, the grea er and lesser Mother good store of ashes underneath, the roots
of Time, Nightshade, Tansy, Tormentil, and herbs being dryer, &c. or if they be
Valerian. full of Juice, by distilling the juice in a
Of Flowers of convenient bath, that so burning may be
Oranges, (if you can get them) Blue-bot- avoided, which hitherto hath seldom
tlethe greater, Scans, Water-Lilies, Lavender, been. But let the other Herbs, Flowers,
Nut-tree, Cowslips, Sloes, Rosemary, Roses or Roots, be bruised, and by adding
white, damask, and red, Saturien, Lime-tree, Tartar, common salt, or leven be
Clove-gilliflowers, Violets. digested, then putting spring water to
Of Fruits of them, distil them in an Alembick with
Oranges, Black Cherries, Pome Citrons, its refrigeratory, or Worm, till the
Quinces, Cucumbers, Strawberries, Winter change of the taste shew the virtue to be
Cherries, Lemons, Rasberries, unripe Walnuts, drawn off; then let the oil (if any) be
Apples. separated from the water according to
Of parts of living Creatures and their ex- art.
crements Into the number of these waters may be
Lobsters, Cockles, or Snails, Hartshorn, ascribed.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 279
'

The Tears of Vines, the liquor of the Waters concocting flegm in the head^ are
Birch-tree, May dew. Bettony, Sage, Marjoram, Chamomel,
Culpeper.~\
That
my country may receive Fennel, Calaminth, Rosemary-flowers,
the of these waters, I shall first
benefit Primroses, Eye-bright.
shew the temperatures, secondly, the vir- In the breast and lungs. Maiden-hair,
j

tues of the most usual and most easy to j

Bettony, Hysop, Horchound, Carduus
come by If any should take exceptions
: Benedictus, Scabious, Orris, or Flowcr-de-
that I mention not all, I answer first, I luces, Bawm, Self-heal, c.

mention enough. Secondly, who ever i

In the heart. Bawm, Rosemary,
makes this objection, they shew extreme \
In the stomach. Wormwood, Mints,
ingratitude ; for had Imentioned but only | Fennel, Chervil, Time, Mother of Time,
one, I had revealed more to them than ever :

Marigolds.
the College intended they should know, or i In the liver. Wormwood, Centaury,
give me thanks Origanum, Marjoram, Maudlin, Costmary,
for doing.

The and appropriation of the simple Agrimony, Fennel.

qualities \

In the spleen. Water-cresses, Wormwood.

Distilled Waters.
Calaminth.
Simple distilled waters either cool or In the reins and bladder Rocket, Nettles,
heat such as cool, either cool the blood
:

Saxifrage, Pellitory of the Wall, Alicam-

or choler.
pane, Burnet.
Waters cooling the blood. Lettice, Pur-
In the womb. Mugwort, Calaminth,
slain, Water Lilies, Violets, Sorrel Endive, Mother of Time,
Penny-royal, Savin,
Succory, Fumitory.
Lovage.
Waters cooling and repressing choleric humours, Waters
concocting Melancholy in the head,
or vapours in the head. are
Nightshade, Lettice, Water Plan-
Hops, Fumitory.
Lilies,
tain, Poppies, viz. The flowers The breast. Bawm, Carduus Benedictus.
both of
white black and red Poppies, black Cheries. The heart. Borrage, Bugloss, Bawm,
The breast and lungs. Violets, Poppies Rosemary, 5

all three sorts, Colt's-foot. The liver. Endive, Chicory, Hops.

In the heart. Sorrel, Quinces, Water! _ The spleen. Dodder, Hart's-longue,
Lilies, Roses, Violets, green or unripe Tamarisk, Time.
Walnuts. Having thus ended the appropriation,
In the stomach.
Quinces, Roses, Violets, I shall speak briefly of the virtues of dis-

Nightshade, Houseleeks, or Sengreen, Let- tilled waters.

tice, Purslain. Lettice water cools the blood when it is

In the Ivoer. Endive, Succory, Night- over-heated, for when it is not. it needs no
shade, Purslain, Water Lilies. cooling : it cools the head and liver, stays
In and bladder. Endive, Sue-
the reins 1 hot vapours ascending to the head, and
cory, Winter Cherries, Plantain, Water hinders sleep; it quenches immoderate
\

Lilies, Strawberries, Houseleek or Sen- thirst, and breeds milk in nurses, distil it in
I

green, black Cherries. j May.

In the womb. Endive, Succory, Lettice, j
Purslain water cools the blood and liver,
Water Lilies, Purslain, Roses. j quenches thirst, helps such as spit blood,
Simple waters which are hot, concoct {
have hot coughs, or pestilences,
either flegm or melancholy. \ The distilled water of water Lily-Jlowers
4c
280 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
cools the blood and the bowels, and all! The water of Distilled Quince s strengthens
internal parts of the body; helps such as \ the heart and stomach exceedingly, stays
have the yellow jaundice, hot coughs and vomiting and fluxes, and strengthens the
>

pleurisies, the head-ache, coming of heat, { retentive faculty in man.

fevers pestilential and not pestilential, as j Damask Rose water cools, comforts, and
also hectic fevers. j strengthens
the heart, so doth Red Rose-
The water of Violet flowers, cools the
\
water, only with this difference, the one is
blood, the heart, liver and lungs, over- j binding, the other loosening ; if your body
healed, and quenches an insatiable desire j
be costive, use Damask Rose water, be-
of drinking, they are in their prime about |
cause it is loosening: if loose, use red,
the latter end of March, or beginning of { because it is binding.
April, according as the year falls out. White Rose water is generally known to
The water of Sorrel cools the blood, * be excellent against hot rheums, and in-
heart, liver, and spleen If Venice Treacle
: rlamruations in the eyes, and for this
: it is
be given with it, it is profitable in pestilen-l better than the former,
tial fevers, distil it in
May. The water of Red Poppy flowers, called
Endive and Succory water are excellent by many Corn-roses, because they grow so
|

against heat in the stomach ; if you take frequently amongst corn, cools the blood
;

an ounce of either (for their operation is and spirits over-heated by drinking or

j

the same) morning and evening, four days labour, and is therefore excellent in surfets.
j

one after another, they cool the liver, and Green Walnuts gathered about the latter
cleanse the blood they are in their prime,* end of June or Jidy, and bruised, and so
:

in May. stilled, strengthen the heart, and resist the

\

Fumitory water usual with the city

is \
pestilence.
dames to wash their faces with, to take away Plantain water helps the headache ; being
j

morphey, freckles, and sun-burning; in-

1 dropped
into the ear it helps the tooth-ache,
wardly taken, it
helps the yellow jaundice helps the phthisicks, dropsy and fluxes,
and itch, cleanses the blood, provokes and is an admirable remedy for u.cers in
I

sweat, strengthens the stomach, and cleanses i the reins and bladder, to be used as com-
the body of adust humours: it is in its
jmon drink the herb is in its prime in May.
:

prime in May and June. Strawberry water cools, quenches thirst,

The water of Nightshade helps pains in clarifies the blood, breaks the stone, helps
j

the head coming of heat. Take heed you I all inward inflammations, especially those
distil not the deadly
Nightshade instead oflin the reins, bladder and passages of the
the common, if you do, you may make urine ; it strengthens the liver and helps
j

mad work. Let such as have not wit the yellow jaundice.
|

enough to know them asunder, have wits The distilled water of Dog grass, or
enough to let them both alone till they do. Couch grass, as some call it, cleanses the
|

The water of white Poppies extinguishes reins gallantly, and provokes urine, opens
}

all heat
against nature, helps head-aches obstructions of the liver and spleen, and
j

coming of heat, and too long standing in kills worms, \

the sun. Distil them in June or July. Black Cherry water provokes urine, helps
Coifs-foot water is excellent for burns to the dropsy. It is usually given in diseases
*

wash the place with it; inwardly taken it of the brain, as convulsions, falling-sick-
!

helps Phthisicks and other diseases inci ness, palsy and apoplexy,
\

dent to the lungs, distil them in May or June.\ Betony is in its prime in May, the dis-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 281

tilled water thereof is very good for such The eyes being washed every morning
as are pained in their
heads, it
prevails with Eyebright water, most strangely clears
against the dropsy and all sorts of fevers and strengthens the sight.
it succours the liver and
spleen, and helps Maidenhair distilled in May, the water
want of digestion and evil disposition of cleanses both liver and lungs, clarifies the
the body thence arising it hastens travail
; blood, and breaks the stone.
in women with child, and is excellent Hyssop water cleanses the lungs of flegrn,
against the bitings of venomous beasts. helps coughs and Asthmas, distil it in
Distil Sage whilst the flowers be on it, August.
the water strengthens the brain, provokes the The water of Hore-hound, helps the cough
menses, helps nature much in all its actions. and straitness of the breast ; it strengthens
Marjoram is in its prime in June, dis- the breast, lungs and stomach, and liver,
tilled w&ter is excellent for such whose distil it in June.
brains are too cold, it provokes urine, heats Carduus water
succours the head,
the womb, provokes the menses, strengthens strengthens the memory, helps such as are
the memory and helps the judgment, causes troubled with vertigoes and quartan agues ,

an able brain. it
provokes sweat, strengthens the heart,
Distil Camomel water about the beginning and all other fevers of choler. It is in
of June. It eases the cholick and pains its prime in May and June.
in the belly ; it breaks the stone in the Scabious water helps pleurises and pains,
reins and bladder, provokes the menses, and pricking in the sides ; Aposthumes,

expels the dead child, and takes away pains coughs, pestilences, and straitness of the
in the head. breast.
Fennel water strengthens the heart and Water of Flower-de-luce is very profitable
brain ; dilates the breast, the cough, pro- in dropsies, an ounce being drank con-
vokes the menses, encreases milk in nurses, tinually every morning and evening a? ;

and if you wash your eyes with it, it clears also pains and torments in the bowels.
the sight. Bawm water distilled in May, restores
The Hooses of of a Cow memory, it quickens all the senses,
the fore feet
dried and taken any away, encrease milk strengthens the brain, heart, and stomach,
in nurses, the smoke of them drives away causes a merry mind and a sweet breath.
mice. Mizaldus. The water of Comfrey solders broken
Calaminth water heats and cleanses the bones, being drank, helps ruptures, out-
womb, provokes the menses, and eases the wardly it stops the bleeding of wounds,
pains of the head, distil it in May. they being washed with it.
The distilled water of Rosemary flowers, Wormwood water distilled cold, about the
helps such as are troubled with the yellow end of May, heats and strengthens the
Jaundice, Asthmas, it cleanses the blood, stomach, helps concoction, stays vomiting,
helps concoction, strengthens the brain kills worms in the stomach and bowels, it
and body exceedingly. mitigates the pains in the teeth, and is pro-
Water of the flowers of Lilies of the valley, fitably given in fevers of choler.
strengthens the brain and all the senses. Mint water strengthens the stomach, helps
The water of Cowslip flowers helps the concoction and stays vomiting, distil it in
palsey takes away pains in the head, the the latter end of May, or beginning of
;

vertigo and megrim, and is exceeding good June, as the year is in forwardness or back-
for pregnant women. wardness, observe that in all the rest.
282 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Chervil water distilled about the end of land lungs, provokes urine, and cleanses
May, helps ruptures, breaks the stone, dis- passages of it from gravel,
jthe
solves congealed blood, strengthens Burnet'm May or June, the water
Distil
thej
heart and stomach breaks the stone, cleanses the passages of
The water of Mother of Time strengthens urine, and is exceeding profitable in pes-
\

the brain and stomach, gets a man a good times.

J

^tilential
stomach to his victuals, provoke urine and Mugwort water distilled in May, is ex-
\

the menses, heats the womb. It is in itsjcellent in coughs and diseases proceeding
prime about the end of June. from stoppage of the menses, it warms the
j
The water of Mangold flowers is appro- 1 stomach, and helps the dropsy.
priated to most cold diseases of the head, Distil Penny-royal when the flowers are
eyes, and stomach they are in their vigour upon it the water heats the womb gallant-
: :
1 1 ~1 T 1
when the Sun is in the Lion. ly, provokes the menses, expels tRe after-
The distilled water of Centaury comforts birth ; cuts, and casts out thick and gross
a cold stomach, helps in fever of choler, it humours in the breast, eases pains in the
|

kills worms, and provokes appetite. bowels, and consumes flegm.

\

Maudlin and Costmary water distilled j

The water of Lovage distilled in Ma} ,
in r

May or June, strengthens the liver, helps eases pains in the head, and cures ulcers in
i

the yellow jaundice, opens obstructions, the womb being washed with it; inwardly
\

and helps the dropsy. I taken it

expels wind, and breaks the stone.
Water-cresses distilled in March, the \ The tops of Hops when they are young,
water cleanses the blood, and provokes being distilled, the water cleanses the blood
j
urine exceedingly, kills worms, outwardly of melancholy humours, and therefore helps
j

mixed with honey, it cleai's the skin of mor- j scabs, itch, and leprosy, and such like dis-
phew and sunburning. |
eases thence proceeding ; it opens obstruc-
Distil Nettles when they are in flower, the tions of the spleen, helps the rickets, and
water helps coughs and pains in the bowels, hypochondriac melancholy.
:

provokes urine, and breaks the stone. The water of Barrage and Bugloss dis-
Saxifrage water provokes urine, expels tilled when their flowers are upon them,
wind, breaks the stone, cleanses the reins strengthens the heart and brain exceed-
and bladder of gravel, distil them when ingly, cleanses the blood, and takes away
they are in flower. sadness, griefs and melancholy.
The water of Pellitory of the Wall, opens Dodder water cleanses the liver and
obstructions of the liver and spleen, by spleen, helps the yellow jaundice.
drinking an ounce of it every morning ;j
Tamarisk water opens obstructions, and
itcleanses the reins and bladder, and eases | helps the hardness of the spleen, and
the gripings of the bowels coming of wind. strengthens it.
\

Distil it in the end of May, or

beginning! English Tobacco distilled, the water is ex-
of June. jcellently good for such as have dropsy, to
Cinquef oil water breaks the stone, cleanses
j
drink an ounce or two every morning ; it
the reins, and is of excellent use in putri- 1 helps ulcers in the mouth, strengthens the
fied fevers. Distil it in May.
j lungs,
and helps such as have asthmas.
The water of Radishes breaks the stone, The water of Dwarf Elder, hath the
5

cleanses the reins and bladder, provokes same effects.

the menses, and helps the yellow jaundice. Thus you have the virtues of enough of
Elicampane water strengthens the stomach cold waters, the use of which is for mix-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 283

lures of other medicines, whose operation j

cold and flegm, chilliness of the spirits,
is the same, for they are very seldom given j &c.
alone : If delight most in liquid medi-
you i But that my countrymen may not be
cines, having regard to the disease, and part j mistaken in this, I shall give them some
of the body afflicted by it, these will fur- j symptoms of each complexion how a man
nish you with where withal to make them | may know when it exceeds its due limits,
so as will please your pallate best. Signs of choler abounding.
\ Leanness of body, costiveness, hollow
\ eyes, anger
without a cause, a testy dispo-
s tion ' y ellowne ss of the skin > bitterness in
COMPOUNDS. SPIRIT AND COM- j [
the throat ' P nckin g P ains
(

m
!

the head > the

POUND DISTILLED WATERS \

pulse swifter and stronger than ordinary,

|

Culpeper.~\ Before I begin these, Ij theurinehighercoloured, thinner and bright-

thought good to premise a few words : Theyjer, troublesome sleeps, much dreaming of
are all hot in operation, and therefore not \ fire, lightning, anger, and fighting.
to be meddled with by people of hot con- j Signs of blood abounding.
stitutions when they
are in health, for fear j The veins are bigger (or at least they
of fevers and adustion of blood, but for i seem so) and fuller then ordinary ; the skin
is red, and as it were swollen ;
people of cold constitutions, as melancholy %
pricking
and flegnrutic people. If they drink of \ pains in the sides, and about the temples,
them moderately now and then for recrea- j
shortness of bieath, head -ache, the pulse
tion, due consideration being had to the s
great and full, urine high coloured and
part of the body which is weakest, they j
thick, dreams of blood, &c.
may do them good yet in diseases of
:
j Signs of melancholy abounding.
melancholy, neither strong watersnor sack j
Tearfulness without a cause, fearful and
is to be drank, for they make the humour foolish imaginations, the skin rough and
|

thin, and then up to the head it flies, where :

swarthy, leanness, want of sleep, frightful
it fills the brain with foolish and fearful dreams, sourness in the throat, the pulse
|

imaginations. j very weak, solitariness, thin clear urine,

2. Let all young people forbear them often sighing, &c.
j
whilst they are in health, for their blood is J Signs of flegm abounding.
usually hot enough without them. Sleepiness, dulness, slowness, heaviness,
3. Have regard to the season of the year, cowardliness, forgetfulness, much spitting
|

so shall you find them more beneficial in much superfluities at the nose, little appe-
j

Summer than in Winter, because in sum-jtite to meat and as bad digestion, the skin
mer the body is always coldest within, and whiter, colder and smoother than it was
!

digestion weakest, and that is the reason want to be ; the pulse slow and deep the
1
:

why men and women eat less in Summer urine thick and low coloured dreams of
j
:

than in Winter. rain, floods, and water, &c.

j

Thus much for people in health, which These things thus premised, I come to
j

drink strong waters for recreation. the matter.

?

As for the medicinal use of them, it shall \ The first the College presents you with,
be shewed at the latter end of every receipt, 1 is
only in general they are (due respect had Spiritus et Aqua Absinthis minus Composita.
;

to the humours Or, Spirit and water of Wormwood, the

afflicting, and part of thej
body afflicted) medicinal for diseases of? lesser composition.
4 D
284 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
College.] Take of
the leaves of clryed j
of each one drachm let the
:
tnings be
Wormwood two pounds, Annis seeds, half I cut that are to be cut, and the things
a pound steep them in six gallons of small
:
5 be bruised that are to be bruised, all of
wine twenty four hours, then distil them j
them infused in twenty four pints of
in an Alembick, adding to every pound of Spanish wine, for twenty four hours, then,
the distilled water two ounces of the best in an Alembick,
distilled
adding two
|

Sugar. 5 ounces of white sugar to every pint of

Let the two first pound you draw out be |
distilled water.
called Spirit of Wormwood, those which Let the pint be called Spirit of
first
j

follow, Wormwood water the lesser com- j

Wormwood the greater composition,
position. Culpeper.] The opinion of Authors is,
Culpeper.~] I like this distinction of the \
That it heats the stomach, and strengthens
College very well, because what is first } it and the
lungs, expels wind, and helps
stilled out, is far stronger than the rest, i
digestion in ancient people,
and therefore very fitting to be kept by \
Spiritus et Aqua Angelica magis composita.
itself: you may take which you please, | Or Spirit and water of Angelica, the
according as the temperature of your body, \ greater composition.
either to heat or cold, and the season of I The College.] Take of the leaves of
year requires. j Angelica eight ounces, of Carduus Bene-
It hath the same virtues Wormwood }
dictus six ounces, of Bawm
and Sage, of
hath, only fitter to be used by such whose |
each four ounces, Angelica seeds six
bodies are chilled by age, and whose ! ounces ; sweet Fennel seeds nine ounces,
natural heat abates. You may search the ]
Let the herbs, being clryed, and the seeds
herbs for the virtues, it heats the stomach, I be grossly bruised, to which add of the
and helps digestion. I species called Aromaticum Rosarum, and
The College.] After the same manner of the species called Diamoschu Dulce, of
(only omitting the Annis seeds) is distilled j
each an ounce and a half, infuse them
spirit and water of Angelica, both Herb j
two days in thirty two pints of Spanish
and Root, Bawm, Mints, Sage, &c. the j
Wine, then distil them with a gentle fire,
Flowers of Rosemary, Clary, Clove-gilli- j
and with every pound mix two ounces of
flowers, sugar dissolved in Rose-water.
&c. the seeds of Caraway, &c. |

Juniper-berries, Orange Lemons,' Let the three first pounds be called by the
Pills,
Citrons, &c. Cinnamon, Nutmegs, &c. name of Spirit, the rest by the name of water.
5

Spiritus et Aqua Absynthii magis composita. \

Culpeper.] The chief end of composing
Or spirit and water of Wormwood, the ! this medicine, was to strengthen the heart
greater composition. ; and resist infection, and therefore is very
The College.] Take of common and j
wholesome in pestilential times, and for
Roman Wormwood, of each a pound ; J
such as walk in stinking air.
Sage, Mints, Bawm, of each two handfuls; ; I shall now quote you
their former
the Roots of Galanga, Ginger, Calamus, former
I
receipt in their
dispensatory.
Aromaticus, Elecampane, of each three! Angelica water the greater composition.
drachms ; Liquorice, an ounce, Raisins of \ The College. Take of Angelica two
the Sun stoned, three ounces, Annis seeds, pounds, Annis seed
\
half a pound, Corian-
and sweet Fennel seeds, of each three der and Caraway seeds, of each four ounces,
j

drachms Cinnamon, Cloves, Nutmegs, of Zecloary bruised, three ounces steep them
;
:

each two drachms ; Cardamoms, Cubebs, twenty four hours in six gallons of small
|
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 285
wine, then draw out the spirit, and sweeten f being tyed up in a rag, be hung into the
it with aforementioned spirit.
sugar. \

CulpeperJ] It comforts the heart, \

CulpeperJ\ I could wish the Apothecaries
cherishes the vital spirits, resists the pes- ; would desire to be certified by the College,
tilence, and all corrupt airs, which indeed j
1. "Whether the gallon of Lavender
are the natural causes of epidemical dis- j
flowers must be filled by heap, or by strike,
eases, the sick may take a spoonful of it in i 2. Next, whether the flowers must be
any convenient cordial, and such as are in i
pressed down in the measure or not. 3.
health, and have bodies either cold by How much must be drawn off in the first
nature, or cooled by age, may take as much $
distillation. 4. Where they should get
either in .the morning fasting, or a little { Orange leaves and flowers fresh gathered,
before meat. ! 5. What they mean by convenient diges-
Spiritus Lavendula compositus Matthias. 6. Where
\ tion.
you shall find Borrage,
Or compound spirit of Lavender. Matthias. !
Bugloss, and Cowslips, flowering together,
The College.] Take of Lavender flowers ; that so you may have them all fresh ac-
one gallon, to which pour three gallons of >
cording to their prescript, the one flowering
the best spirits of wine, let them stand \
in the latter end of April, and beginning of
together in the sun six days, then distil \ May, the other in the end of June, and
them with an Alembick with this refrige- beginning of July. 7. If they can make a
j

shift to make it, how, or which

ratory. \ way the
Take of theflowers of Sage, Rosemary, j virtues of it will countervail the one half of
and Bettony, of each one handful ; the i the charge and cost, to leave the pains and
flowers of Borrage, Bugloss, Lilies of the trouble out.
j

Valley, Cowslips, of each two handfuls ; :

Spiritus Castorii.
let the flowers be newly and
seasonably 5 OrSpirit of Castoreum.
gathered, being infused in one gallon of j The College.] Take of fresh Castoreum
the best spirits of wine, and mingled with ! four ounces, Lavender flower an ounce,
the foregoing spirit of Lavender flowers, the tops of Sage and
j Rosemary, of each
adding the leaves of Bawm, Feather-few, f half an ounce, Cinnamon six drams, Mace,
and Orange tree fresh gathered; the flowers I Cloves, of each two drachms, spirits of
of Stcechas and Orange tree, .Lay berries, >
Wine rectified, six pounds, digest them
of each one ounce. After convenient diges- { in a phial filled only to the third
part, close
tion distil it
again, after which add Citron i
stopped with cork and bladder in warm
pills the outward bark, Peony seed husked, {
ashes for two days, then distilled in Balneo
of each six cinnamon, Mace,
drams, Marise, and the distilled water kept close
j

Nutmegs, Cardamoms, Cubebs, yellow i stopped.

Sanders, of each half an ounce, Wood of \
Culpeper.~] By reason of its heat it is
Aloes one dram, the best Jujubes, the stones no ways fit to be taken alone, but mixed
j

being taken out, half a pound, digest them ; with other convenient medicines appro-
six weeks, then strain it and filter it, and
j priated to the diseases you would give it
add to it prepared Pearls two drams, ! for, it resists poison, and helps such as are
Emeralds prepared a scruple, Ambergrease, t bitten by venomous beasts it
: causes
Musk, Saffron, of each half a scruple, \ speedy delivery to women in travail, and
red Roses dryed, red Sanders, of each half casteth out the Placenta it helps the fits of
:
j

an ounce, yellow Sanders, Citron Pills, 5

the mother, lethargies and convulsions, being
dryed, of each one dram. Let the species {
mixed with white wine, and dropped into
280 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
the ears, if helps deafness; if stopping be
[pound, Peony flowers four ounces: steep
the cause of it, the dcse to be given in- them together fourteen days, then distil
1

wurdly is between one dram, and half a! them in Balneo Marice till they be dry: in
dram, according to the strength and age of! the distilled liquor infuse again male Peony
the patient. .roots gathered in due time, two ounces and
j

Aqua Petasitidis composita. I a half, white Dittany, long Birthwort, of

Or, compound water of Butter-bur. \ each half an ounce, the leaves of Misselto
The College.'] Take of the fresh roots: of the Oak, and Rue, of each two handfuls,
of Butter-bur bruised, one pound and a Peony seeds husked, ten drams, Rue seeds
;

half, the roots of Angelica and Masterwort, three drams and a half, Castoreum two
i

of each half a pound, steep them in ten scruples, Cubebs, Mace, of each two
5

pints of strong Ale, then distil them till drachms, Cinnamon an ounce and a half,
j

the change of the taste gives a testimony Squills prepared, three drachms, Rosemary
j

that the strength is drawn out. flowers six pugils, Arabian Staechas, Laven-
1

Ctilpeper.~] This water is very effectual der, of each four pugils, the flowers of
!

being mixed with other convenient cor- j Betony, Clove-gilli-flowers, and Cowslips,
dials, for such as have pestilential fevers : of each eight pugils, then adding four
j

also a spoonful taken in the morning, may pound of the juice of black Cherries, dis-
\

prove a good preservative in pestilential til it in a glass till it be dry.

j

times it helps the fits of the mother, and !

:
Aqua Bezoartica.
such as are short winded, and being taken \ Or Bezoar Water,
inwardly, dries up the moisture of such! College.~] Take of the leaves of Celan-
sores as are hard to be cured. dirie,
{
roots and all, three handfuls and a

Aqua Raphani Composita. half, Rue two handfuls, Scordium four

\

Or Compound water of Radishes. handfuls, Dittany of Crete, Carduus, of

j

The College.'] Take of the leaves of both each one handful and a half, Zedoary and
;

sorts of Scurvy-grass, of each six pound,

j
Angelica roots, of each three drams, Citrons
having bruised them, press the juice out of |
and Lemon
pills, of each six drams, Clove-
them, with which mix of the juice of brook- gilliflowers one ounce and a half, Red
;

lime, and Water-cresses, of each one pound Rose, Centaury the less, of each two drams,
|

and a half, of the best white wine, eight Cinnamon, Cloves, of each three drams,
|

pounds, twelve whole Lemons, pills and all, Venice Treacle three ounces, Mithridates
j

freshBrionyrootsfourpound,therootsofwild |One ounce and a half, Camphire two

Radishes two pound, Captain Winter's Cin- scruples, Troches of Vipers two ounces,
>

namon half a pound, Nutmegs four ounces, Mace two drams, Wood of Aloes half an
|

steep them altogether, and then distil them ounce, Yellow Sanders one
\
dram and a
I it not, and so I leave half, Carduus seeds one ounce, Citron seeds
Culpeper.~\ fancy j

it; I suppose they intended it for purga-|six drams, let them be cut and infused in
tion of women in child-bed. \ spirits
of Wine, and Malaga Wine, of each
Aqua Peonite Composita. three
j
pound and a half, Vinegar of Clove-
Or Compound water of Peony. gilliflowers, Juice
j
of Lemons, of each one
The College.'] Take of the flowers of pound, and distilled in a glass still in Balneo
j
Lilies of the Valley, one pound: infuse Marice, after it is half distilled off, the
j

them in four gallons of Spanish wine so long residue may be strained through a linen
\

till the
following flowers may be had fresh. cloath, and be reduced to the thickness of
!

Take of the fore-named flowers half a Honey, and called the Bezoartic extract.
\
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLAPGED. 237

CuipcperJ] Extracts have the same vir-jone pound and a half, the leaves and
tues with the waters they are made from, flowers of Centaury the less, of each four
;

only the different form is to

please the jounces, steep them eight days in twelve
palates of such
whose fancy loathes any one ; pounds of white Wine, then distil them in
particular form an alembick.
This Bezoar water strengthens the heart, It conduces to
Culpeper.~] preservation
arteries, and vital spirits: It provokes sweat, from ill air, and pestilential fevers : it opens
and is exceeding good in pestilential fevers, obstructions of the liver, and helps such as
;

in health it withstands melancholy and they say are liver-grown

! ; it eases pains in
consumptions, and makes a merry, blithe, the stomach, helps digestion, and eases such
I

chearful creature. Of the extract you may as have pains in their bones by ill lodging
\

lake ten grains at a time, or somewhat abroad in the cold, it provokes appetite,
j

more, if your body be not feverish, half and is exceeding good for the yellow jaun-
$

a spoonful of water is sufficient at a time, dice, as also for prickings or stitches in the
j

and that mixed with other cordials or medi- sides it provokes the menses, and expels
:

cines appropriated to the disease that trou- both birth and placenta it is naught for
:

If there be no fever, you

bles you. pregnant women.
a
Aqua el Spiritus Lambricorum, magistrate. may take nspoonful by itself; if there be,
1 ".i
Or Water and Spirit of Earthworms, you may, if you please, mix it with some
j

College.']
Take of Eaith worms well cooler medicine appropriated to the same
j

cleansed, three pound, Snails, with shells j use you would give it for.
on their backs cleansed, two gallons, beat* Aqua Gilbertii.
them in a mortar, and put them into a con- Or Gilbert's Water.
venient vessel, adding stinging Nettles, College.']
Take of Scabious, Burnet,
roots and all, six handfuls, wild Angelica, Dragons, Bawm, Angelica, Pimpernel,
four handfuls, brank Ursine, seven hand- with purple flowers, Tormentil, roots and
let all of them,
fuls, Agrimony, Bettony, of each three all, of each two handfuls,
handfuls, Rue one handful, common Worm- being rightly gathered and prepared, be
j

wood two handfuls, Rosemary flowers six steeped in four gallons of Canary Wine,
|

ounces, Dock roots ten ounces, the roots of still off three gallons in an alembick, to
j

Sorrel five ounces, Turmerick, the inner which add three ounces of each of the
I

bark of Barberries, of each four ounces, cordial 1 flowers, Clove-gilliflowers six

two Cloves Saffron half an ounce, Turmerick
Fenugreek seeds ounces, three ounces,
j

of each
ounces, Hart's-horn, Ivory in gross pow- Itwo ounces, Galanga, Bazil seeds,
dor, of each four ounces, Saffron three (one dram,
Citron pills one ounce, the seed
Cloves of each
drams, small spirits of Wine four gallons! of Citrons and Carduus,
and a half, after twenty-four hours infusion, five ounces,
;
Hart's-horn four ounces, steep
distil them in an alembick. Let the four I them twenty four hours and then distil
first pounds be reserved for spirit, the rest them \uBalneo
I Maria: to the distilled water
for water. add Pearls prepared, an ounce and
J
a half,
Tis a mess altogether, it red Coral, Crabs eyes, white Amber, of each
Culpeper.~] \

it for an universal two drams, Crabs claws,

six drams, Bezoar,
may be they intended |

medicine. of each two scruples, steep

j Ambergrease,
six weeks in the sun, in a vessel well
Aqua Gentianee compositte. |them
Or Gentian Water compound. often shaking it, then filter it, (you
j stopped,

College.']
Take of Gentain roots sliced,* may keep the powders for Spicord. temp.)
4
288 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
by mixing twelve ounces of Sugar candy, i
leaves of Scordium four handfuls old
viMfn civ nnnr*>c r\T re* A T? r\a&-* iro+/^i* ^*^xJ 4-*,^ ,-. i "\7" rt
.l ~~ T^ ____ 1 _ TV j~'. ^ I* . .

- .-__-_ ------- 7 J
j.
^ v* -*-J\^AJ.JVfHO LVVU
cordial to strengthen the heart, to them two
j pounds, digest days, either in
relieve languishing nature. It is exceed- j
Horse-dung, or in a bath, the vessel being
ing dear. I forbear the dose, that close shut, then distil them
in sand ; in the
they {

have money enough to make it themselves, distillation make a

you may Theriacal ex-
j

cannot want time to study both the virtues traction. j

and dose: I would have gentlemen to This water is exceeding

bej Culpeper.'] good
studious. un all fevers, especially pestilential; it
Aqua cordialis frigida Saxenice
expels venomous humours by sweatj
it ;

College.'] Take of the juice of Borrage, 'strengthens the heart and vitals; it is' an
Bugloss, Bawm, Bistort, Tormentil, Scor- admirable counter-poison, special good for
j

dium, Vervain, sharp-pointed Dock, Sorrel, such as have the plague, or are poisoned, or
j
Goat's Rue, Mirrhis, Blue Bottle great and bitten
by venomous beasts, and expels
j

small, Roses, Marigolds, Lemon, Citrons, virulent humours from such as have the
?

of each three ounces, Avhite Wine Vinegar venereal disease. If

you desire to know
j
one pound, Purslain seeds two ounces, more virtues of it, see the virtues of Venice
\

Citron and Carduus seeds, of each half an Treacle. The dose is from a
spoonful to
|

ounce, Water Lily flowers two ounces, an ounce. j

the flowers of Borrage, Bugloss, Violets, Brionite composite.

{ Aqua
of each one ounce, Or Briony Water compound.
Clpve-gilliflowers, $

Diatrion Sentalon six drams let all off

:
College.] Take of the juice of Briony
them, being rightly prepared, be infused roots, four pounds, the leaves of Rue and
j
three days, then distilled in a glass still Mugwort, of each two pounds, dryed Savm
:
j

to the distilled Liquor add earth of Lemnos, Uhree

handfuls, Featherfew, Nep, Penny-
Siletia, and Samos, of each one ounce and royal, of each two handfuls, Bazil, Dittany,
j
an half, Pearls prepared with the juice of! of Crete, of each one handful and a half,
Citrons, three drams, mix them, and keep! Orange pills four ounces, Myrrh two
them together. ounces, Castoreum one ounce, Canary Wine
|

Culpeper.'] It mightily cools the blood, twelve pounds, digest them four days in a
j
and therefore profitable in fevers, and all convenient vessel, then still them in Ealnto
\

diseases proceeding of heat of blood it Mariee : About the middle of the distilla-
:
|

provokes sleep. You may take half an tion strain it out, and make an Hysterical
}

ounce at a time, or two drams if the party extraction of the residue.

j
be weak. Culpeper^] A spoonful of ii taken,
$

Aqua Theriacalis. eases the fits of the mother in women that

j
Or Treacle Water. have them ; it potently expels the after-
|

College.'] Take of the juice of green birth, and clears the body of what a mid-
|

Walnuts, four pounds, the juice of Ruenvife by heedlessness or accident hath left
three pounds, juice of Carduus, Marigolds, 1 behind it cleanses the womb exceedingly,
;

and Bawm, of each two pounds, green and for that I fancy it much, take not above
5

Petasitis roots one pound and a half, the a tasterful at a time, and then in the mor-
|

roots of Burs one pound, Angelica and ning fasting, for it is of a purging quality,
j

Master-wort, of each half a pound, the \ and let pregnant women forbear it.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 289

Aqua Imperialis. Carduus water, in a glass, close stopped,

j

Or Imperial Water. and set it in the sun of bath for a fortnight,

5

The College .] Take of dried Citron, and often shaking it, then distil it in Balnea Maria.
j
the two first pounds be kept by them-
Orange pi-lls, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, Let |

of each two ounces, the roots of Cypress, selves for use, and the remainder of the dis-
\

Orris, Florentine, Calamus Aromaticus, tillation by itself Lastly, mix one ounce
j
:

of each one ounce, Zedoary Galanga, of Julep of Alexandria, and a spoonful of

j
the tops of Cinnamon water with each pound.
Ginger, of each half an ounce,
Lavender and Rosemary, of each two CulpcperJ] Aqua Protheriacalis, signifies
nandfuls, the leaves of Bay, Marjoram, a Avater for Treacle, so then if you put
Bawm, Mints, Sage, Thyme, of each one Diascoridum to it, it is a water for Diasco-
handful, the flowers of white and Damask ridum well then, we will take it for a
;

Roses fresh, of each half a handful, Rose- general water for all physick.
j

water four pounds, white Wine eight pounds, _Aqua Caponis.

let all of them be bruised and infused Or Capon Water.
twenty four hours, then distil them accord- guts being
College^] Take a Capon the
ing to art. pulled out, cut
1 !
in pieces, the fat being
1 PC*1
* *

You must distil it in a bath,

Culpeper.~] IT.
taken away, boiled in a sufficient quantity
(* 1 j_l
and not in sand: It comforts and strengthens
of spring-water in a close vessel, take of
}

the heart against faintings and swoonings, this broth three pounds.
i

Borrage and
and is held to be a preservative against Violet-Avater, of each a pound and a half;
consumptions and apoplexies. You may white Wine one pound, red rose leaves two
take half a spoonful at a time. drams and an half, the flowers of Borrage,
Aqua Mirabilis. Violets and Bugloss, of each one dram,
College.']
Take of Cloves, Galanga, pieces of bread, hot out of the oven, half
Cubebs, Mace, Cardamoms, Nutmegs, a pound, Cinnamon bruised, half an ounce,
Ginger, of each one of Celan- distil it in a glass still according to art.
dram, JuiceTX7"*
*
i i i / 1 f*
dine half a pound, spirits of Wine one\ Culpepe.r.'] The simples are most of
pound, white Wine three pounds, infuse! them appropriated to the heart, and in
them twenty -four hours, and draw off two truth the composition greatly nourishes and
pounds with an alembick. strengthens such as are in consumptions,
Culpeper.~] The
simples also
this, of and
restores lost strength, either by fevers

regard the stomach, and therefore the water |

or other sickness : It is a sovereign remedy
heats cold stomachs, besides authors say it for hectic fevers, and Marasmos, which
j

preserves from apoplexies, and restores | is

nothing else but a consumption coming
lost speech. I from them. Let such as are subject to
Aqua Protheriacalis. \ these diseases, hold it for a jewel.
College.'] Take of Scordium, Scabius, j
Aqua Limacum Magistr,
Carduus, Goat's Rue, of each two handfuls, { Or Water of Snails.
Citron and Orange pills, of each two ounces, J
College^] Take of the juice of Ground
the seeds of Citrons, Carduus, Hartwort, j Ivy, Colt's-foot, Scabious, Lungwort, of
Treacle, Mustard, of each one ounce, the >
each one pound and a half, the juice of
flowers of Marigolds and Rosemary, of j
Purslain, Plantain, Ambrosia, Paul's Bet-
each one handful, cut them, and bruise *
tony, of each a. pound, Hog's blood, white
ihem grossly, then infuse them in four | Wine, of each four pounds, Garden Snails,
pounds of white Wine, and two pounds of j
two pound, dried Tobacco leaves eight,
290 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
powder of Liquorice two ounces, of Ele-j College.] Take of green Walnuts a
campaue half an ounce, of Orris an ounce, :
pound and an half, Radish roots one
Cotton seeds an ounce and a half, the; pound, green Asarabacca six ounces, Radish
greater cold seeds, Annis seeds of each six j seeds, six ounces. Let all of them, being
drams, Saffron one dram, the flowers of j bruised, be steeped in three pounds of white
red Roses, six pugils, of Violets and Bor- j Wine for three days, then distilled in a
rage, of each four pugils, steep them three i leaden still till
they be dry.
days warm, and then distil them in a glass;
still, in sand.
It purges the lungs of flegm \
Culpeper.]
and helps consumptions there. If youj
TINCTURES.
should happen to live Avhere no better nor| Tmctura Croci.
readier medicine can be gotten, you may
Or Tincture of Saffron.
use this.
Take two drams of
College.] Saffron,
Aqua Scorclii composita.
eight ounces of Treacle water, digest them
Or Compound Water of Scordium. six days, then strain it.

College^] Take of the juice of Goat's; See the virtues of Treacle

Culpeper.]
Rue, Sorrel, Scordium, Citrons, of each one \
water, and then know that this strengthens
pound, London Treacle, half a pound, \
the heart something more, and keeps
steep it three days, and distil it in sand. melancholy vapours thence by drinking a
Culpeper,.] A tasterful taken in thei spoonful of it every morning.
morning, preserves from ill airs. Tmctura Castorii.
Aqua Maria. Or Tincture of Castoreum.
Take of Sugar Candy a pound,
College.]
Wine six ounces, Rose Water four College.] Take of Castoreum in powder
Canary
half an ounce, spirit of Castoreum half a
ounces ; boil it well into a Syrup, and add
to it
Imperial water two pounds, Amber- j
pound, digest them ten days cold, strain it,
and keep the Liquor for Tincture.
Musk, of each eighteen grains, i

affron fifteen grains, yellow Sanders in- 1

freese, Culpeper.] learned invention!A Tis
J

fused in Imperial water, two drams ; make \ something

more prevalent than the spirit.
a clear water of it. Tinctura Fragroram^

Aqua Papaveries composita. Or Tincture of Strawberries.

Or Poppy Water compound. College^] Take of ripe Wood-straw-
College.] Take of red Poppies four pounds, berries
two pounds, put them in a phial,
sprinkle them with white Wine two pounds, and put so much small spirits of Wine to
then distil them in a common still, let the them, that it may overtop them the thick-
5

distilled water be poured upon fresh flowers ness of four fingers, stop the vessel close,
and repeated three times ; to which dis- and set it in the sun two days, then strain
tilled water add two Nutmegs sliced, red! it, and press it but gently pour this spirit ;

Poppy flowers a pugil, Sugar two ounces, to as many fresh Strawberries, repeat this
i

set it in the sun to give it a pleasing sharp- six times, at last keep the dear liquor for
\

ness ; if the sharpness be more than you your use.

would have it, put some of the same water Culpeper.
'

~\
A
fine thing for Gentlemen
to it which was not set in the sun. that have nothing else to do with their
Aqua Juglandium composita. money, and it will have a lovely look to
Or Walnut Water compound. please their eyes.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 29J
Tinctura Scordii.
Aqua Aluminosa Magistrate,
Or Tincture of Scordium. College.] Take of Plantain and red
Take of the leaves of Scor- Rose water, of each a
College.']
j pound, roch Alum
dium gathered in a dry time, half a pound, and Sublimatum, of each two drams; let
j

digest them in six pounds of small spirits of the Alum and Sublimatum, being in
I

pow-
Wine, a vessel well stopped, for three
in boil in the waters, in a vessel with a
jder,
days, press them out gently, and repeat the narrow mouth till half be consumed, when
j
infusion three times, and keep the clarified |
it has stood five days, strain it.

liquor for use.

So is made Tincture of Celandine, Rest- i
-

harrow, and Rosa-solis. PHYSIC AT WTNTX

Culpeper.'] See the herbs for the vir-j
tues, and then take notice that these are Vimtm Absynthitis.
j
better for cold stomachs, old bodies. Or Wormwood Wine.
Tinctura Theriacalis vulgo Aqua Theriacalis \ College^] Take a handful of dried
Ludg. per in/us. \ Wormwood, for every gallon of Wine, stop
Or Tincture of Treacle. j
it in a vessel close, and so let it remain in

College.'] Take of Canary Wine often

j steep so is prepared wine of Rosemary
:

times distilled, Vinegar in which half an \

flowers, and Eye-bright,
ounce of Rue seeds have been boiled, twoj Culpeper.'] It helps cold stomachs,
pounds choice treacle, the best Mithridate, j
breaks wind, helps the wind cholic,
of each half a pound ; mix them and set strengthens the stomach, kills worms, and
them in the sun, or heat of a bath, digest; helps the green sickness,
them, and keep the water for use. Rosemary-flower Wine, is made after the
Tinctura Cinnamoui, vulgo, Aqua Clareta same manner. It is good against all cold
\

Cinnam. diseases of the head, consumes flegrn,

Or Tincture of Cinnamon. strengthens the gums and teeth.
Cotlege.~\ Take of bruised Cinnamon* Eye-bright Wine is made after the same
two ounces, rectified spirits of Wine two \ manner. It wonderfully clears the sight
pounds, infuse them four days in a large being drank, and revives the sight of elderly
\

glass stopped with cork and bladder, shake men A cup of it in the morning is worth
:

ittwice a day, then dissolve half a pound a pair of spectacles.

of Sugar Candy by itself in two pounds of All other Wines are prepared in the same
Rose water, mix both liquors, into which j
manner.
hang a nodule containing, Ambergris half {
The best way of taking any of these
a scruple, Musk four grains. i Wines is, to drink a draught of them every
Tinctura Viridis. \ morning. You may, if you find your body
Or a green Tincture. \
old or cold, make Wine of any other herb,
College^] Take of Verdigris, half an the virtues of which you desire ; and make
|

ounce, Auripigmentum six drams, Alum \ it and take it in the same manner,
three drams, boil them in a pound of Avhite? Vinum Cerassorum Nigrorum.
Wine till half be consumed, adding, after it j Or Wine of Black Cherries,
is cold, the water of red Roses, and Night-
College.']:Take a gallon of Black Cherries,
shade, of each six ounces. ! keep it in a vessel close stopped till it

Culpeper. This was made to

~]
cleanse j begin to work, then filter it, and an ounce
}of Sugar being added to every pound,
but I let
ulcers, fancy it not.
4F
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL.
it
pass throughHippocrates' sleeve, and and when it hath stood so four days, take
keep in a vessel close stopped for use. ;
out the Squill.
Vinum Helleloratum. The of this are the same with
virtues
Or Helleborated Wine. :

Vinegar of Squills, only it is hotter.

College.] Take of white Hellebore cut *

small, fourounces, Spanish Wine two j

peunds, steep it in the sun in a phial close | PHYSICAL VINEGARS
stopped, in the dog days, or other hotj
weather. Acetum distillatum.
Vinum Rulellum. Or distilled Vinegar.
College.] Take of Stibium, in powder, \ College] Fill a glass or stone alembick
one ounce, Cloves sliced two drams, Claret J with the best Vinegar to the third part,
Wine two pounds, keep it in a phial close i separate the flegm with a gentle fire, then
shut. j encrease the fire by degrees, and perform
Vinum Benedict urn. j
the work.
College] Take of Crocus Metallorum, j
Acetum Rosarum.
in powder, one ounce, Mace one dram, j Or Rose Vinegar.
Spanish Wine one pound and an half, steep College]\ Takeof red Rose buds, gathered
it. :in a dry time, the whites cut off, dried in
Vinum Antimoniale. : the shade three or four days, one pound,
Or Antimonial Wine. j
Vinegar eight sextaries, set them in the suu
College] Take of Regulus of Antimony, forty days, then strain out the Roses, and
!

in powder, four ounces, steep it in three repeat the infusion with fresh ones.
pounds of white Wine in a glass well stopped, After the same manner is made Vinegar
after the first shaking let the Regulus settle. \ of Elder flowers, Rosemary flowers, and

Culpeper] These last mentioned are $

Clove-gilliflowers.
vomits, and vomits are fitting medicines for Culpeper] For the virtues of all Vine-
i

but a few, the mouth being ordained to gars, take this one only observation, They
:

take in nourishment, not to cast out ex- carry the same virtues with the flowers
1

crements, and to regulate a man's body in whereof they are made, only as we said of
j

vomiting ; and doses of vomits require a Wines, that they were better for cold bodies
!

deeper study in physic, than I doubt the then the bare simples whereof they are
;

generality of people yet have; I omit it made ; so are Vinegars for hot bodies,
j

therefore at this time, not because I grudge Besides, Vinegars are often, nay, most corn-
i

it my country, but because I would not

monly used externally, viz. to bathe the
willingly have them do themselves a mis- place, then look amongst the simples, and
.;

chief, I shall shortly teach them in what see what place of the body the simple is
1

diseases vomits may be used, and then, and appropriated to, and you cannot but know
j
not till then, the use of vomits. both what Vinegar to use, and to what place
j
Vinum Scilliticum. \ to apply it.

Or Wine of Squills. Acetum Scilliticum.

College] Take of a white Squill of the \

Or Vinegar of Squils.
mountains, gathered about the rising of the ;
College] Take of that part of the Squill
dog star, cut it in thin pieces, and dried for j
between the outward bark and the
\vhich is
a month, one pound, put it in a glass bottle, \ bottom, cut in thin slices, and placed thirty
and pour to it eight pounds of French Wine, or for ly days in the sun or some remiss
\
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 293

heat, then a pound of them (being cut dram, Saffron three drams, of these let the
small with a knife made of ivory or some Saffron, Hart's-horn, Dittany, and Bole,
white wood) being put in a vessel, and six be tied up in a rag, and
steeped with the
pounds of Vinegar put to them ; set the ves- things before mentioned, in five pints of
sel, being close stopped, in the sun thirty or Vinegar, for certain days
by a temperate
forty days, afterwards strain it, and keep it heat in a glass well stopped, strain it, and
for use. add six drams of the best Treacle to
it,
CulpeperJ] A little of this medicine shake it together, and keep it for your use.
being taken in the morning fasting, and Acetum Theriacale.
walking half an hour after, preserves the Or Treacle Vinegar.
body in health, to extreme old age, (as College.'] Add to the
description of
Sanius tried, who using no other medicine Treacle water, Clove-gilliflowers two
ounces,
but this, lived in perfect health till one Lavender flowers an ounce and a half,
hundred and seventeen years of age) it Rose, and Elder flower Vinegar, of each
makes the digestion good, a long wind, four pounds, digest it without boiling, three
a clear voice, an acute sight, a good colour, clays, then strain it through
Hippocrates'
it no offensive thing to remain in the
suffers sleeve.
body, neither wind, iiegm, choler, melan- Culpeper.~] See Treacle Water for the
choly, dung, nor urine, but brings them virtues, only this is more cool, a little more
forth ; it brings forth filth though it lie in fantastical.
the bones, it takes away salt and sour
belchings, though a man be never so licen-
tious in diet, he shall feel no harm: It hath
cured such as have the phthisic, that have
DECOCTIONS.
been given over by all Physicians It cures
: Decoctum commune pro clystere.
such as have the falling sickness, gouts, and Or a common Decoction for a Clyster.
diseasesand swellings of the joints: It takes College] Take of Mallows, Violets,
away the hardness of the liver and spleen. Pellitory, Beets, and Mercury, Chamomel
We should never have done if we should flowers, of each one handful, sweet Fennel
reckon up the particular benefits of this seeds half an ounce, Linseeds two drams,
medicine Therefore we commend
: it as a boil them in a sufficient quantity of com-
wholesome medicine for soundness of mon water to a pound.
body, preservation of health, and vigour of Culpeper.~] This is the common decoc-
mind. Thus Galen. tion for all clysters, according to the qua-
Acetum Theriacale, Norimberg. lity of the humour abounding, so you may
Or Treacle Vinegar. add what Simples, or Syrups, or Electuaries
College.'] Take of the roots of Celandine you please; only half a score Linseeds,
the greater, one ounce and a half: the roots |
and a handful of Chamomel flowers are
of Angelica, Masterwort, Gentian, Bistort, added.
Valerian, Burnet, white Dittany, Elecam- Decoctum Epythimi.
pane, Zedoary, of each one dram, of Plan- Or a Decoction of Epithimum.
tain the greater one dram and a half, the College.'] Take of Myrobalans, Chebs,
leaves of Mousear, Sage, Scabious, Scor- and Inds, of each half an ounce, Stoechas,
dium, Dittany of Crete, Carduus, of each Raisins of the sun stoned, Epithimum,
half an handful, barks and seeds of Citrons, ^ Senna, of each one ounce, Fumitory half
of each half a dram, Bole Amoniac one Jan ounce, Maudlin five drams, Polipodium
294 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
six drams, Turbith half an ounce, Whey Decoctttm Trumaiicum.
made with Goat's milk, or Heifer's milk four College^] Take of Agrimony, Mugwort
j

pounds, let them all boil to two wild St. John's Wort, Mousear,
-
j.l_ TJ *j_1* I'llpounds,
1 '11 r
Angelica,
1. 1
the Epithimum excepted, which boil but of each two handfuls, Wormwood half a
TTT 1 l f1 1 I 1

a second or two, then take it from the fire, handful, Southernwood, Bettony, Bugloss,
i

and add black Hellebore one dram andi Comfrey the greater and lesser, roots and
an half, Agerick half a drain, Sal, Gern. Jail, Avens, both sorts of Plantain, Sanicle,
one drain and an half, steep them ten hours, Tormentil with the roots, the buds of Bar-
j

then press it strongly out. berries and Oak, of each a handful, all
Culpeper.'] It purges melancholy, as these \
being gathered in May and June
also choler, it resists madness, and all [and diligently dried, let them be cut and
diseases coining of melancholy, and there- put up in skins or papers against the time
j
fore let melancholy people esteem it as a! of use, then take of the forenamed herbs
jewel. three handfuls, boil them in four pounds of
;

Dtcoctum Semite Gereonis. conduit water and two pounds of white

\

Or a Decoction of Senna. Wine gently till half be consumed, strain it,

1

College.'] Take of Senna two ounces, | and a pound of Honey being added to it,
Pollipodium half an ounce, Ganger one let it>
be scummed and kept for use.
dram, Raisins of the sun stoned two$ Culpeper.'] If sight of a medicine will
ounces, Sebestens, Prunes, of each twelve, do you good, this is as like to do it as any
\

the flowers of Borrage, Violets, Roses, and I know. j

Rosemary, of each two drams, boil them in \

four pounds of water till half be consumed, i

Culpeper.'] It is a common Decoction

j

for any purge, by

adding other simples or ;

compounds to it, according to the quality \

of thehumour you would have purged,!

yet, in itself, it
chiefly purges melancholy. AT TFRING SYRUPS
Decoctum Pectorale. .
Or a Pectoral Decoction. j
Culpeper.~] READER, before we begin
College.
~]
Take of Raisins of the sun j with the particular Syrups, I think good to
stoned, an ounce, Sebestens, Jujubes, of advertise thee of these few things, which
i

each Dates six, Figs four, French jconcernthenature,making,anduseofSyrups

fifteen,
Barley one ounce, Liquorice half an ounce, Jin general. 1. A Sj'rup is a medicine of

Maiden-hair, Hyssop, Scabious, Colt's-foot, a liquid body, compounded of Decoction,

\

of each one handful, boil them in three Un fusion, or Juice, with Sugar or Honey,
*

pounds of water till two remain. and brought by the heat of the fire, into
Culpeper.'] The medicine is chiefly ap- the thickness of Honey.
1 2. Because all

propriated to the lungs, and therefore Honey is not of a thickness, understand

{

causes a clear voice, a long wind, resists new Honey, which of all other is thinnest,
i

roughs, hoarseness, asthmas, &c. You 3. The reason why Decoctions, Infusions,
j

may drink a quarter of a pint of it every Juices, are thus used, is, Because thereby,
i

morning, without keeping to any diet, for First, They will keep the longer. Secondly,
\

it
purges not. I
They the better.
will taste 4 In boiling
I shall quote some Syrups fitting to be Syrups
i
have a great care of their just con-
rnixed with it, when I come to the Syrups. Isistence, for if you boil them too much
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 295

they will candy, if too little, they will sour, j Si/rupus de Acetosiis simpler.
5. All simple Syrups have the virtues of Or
j Syrup of Vinegar simple,
the simples they are made of, and are far College.'] Take of clear Water four
j

more convenient for weak people, and j pounds, white Sugar five pounds, boil them
delicate stomachs. jin a glazed vessel over a gentle fire, scum-
Syrupus de Absinthw simplex. ming it till half the water be consumed , then
\

Or Syrup of Wormwood simple. j by putting

in two pounds of white Wine
The College.] Take of the clarified Juice Vinegar by degrees, perfect the
|
Syrup,
of common Wormwood, clarified Sugar, Culpeper.] That is, only melt the Sugar
ofj
each four pounds, make it into a Syrup ac- with the Vinegar over the fire, scum it, but
i

cording to art. After the same manner, boil it not.

j

are prepared simple Syrups of Betony,> Si/rupus Acetosus simplicior.

Borrage, Bugloss, Carduus, Chamomel, j
Or Syrup of Vinegar more simple.
Succory, Endive, Hedge-mustard, Straw- i
College.'] Take of white Sugar five
berries, Fumitory, Ground Ivy, St. John's pounds, white Wine Vinegar two pounds,
j

Wort, Hops, Mercury, Mousear, Plantain, by melting it in a bath, make it into a

;

Apples, Purslain, Rasberries, Sage, Scabi- \ Syrup.

ous, Scordium, Houseleek, Colt's-foot, i Culpeper.~] Of these two Syrups let every
Paul's Bettony, and other Juices not sour, lone use which he finds by experience to be
Culpeper.~] See the simples, and then best the difference is but little. The}'
I
;

you may easily know both their virtues, and both of them cut flegm, as also tough,
|

also thai they are pleasanter and fitter for hard viscous humours in the stomach; they
delicate stomachs when they are made into cool the body, quench thirst, provoke urine,
j

Syrups. |
and prepare the stomach before the taking
Synipus de Absintkio Compositus. a vomit. If you take it as a preparative
jof
Or Syrup of Wormwood compound. i for an emetic, take half an ounce of it when
College.] Take of common Wormwood you go to bed the night before you intend
j

meanly dry, half a pound, red Roses two {it to operate, it will work the easier, but if for
ounces, Indian Spikenard three drams, any of the foregoing occasions, take it with
5

old white Wine, juice of Quinces, of each la liquorice stick,

two pounds and an half, steep them a whole j Si/rupus Acetosus compositm.
day in an earthen vessel, then boil them {
Or Syrup of Vinegar compound,
gently, and strain it, and by adding two !
College] Take of the roots of Smallage,
into a Syrup accord- Fennel, Endive, of each
pounds of sugar, boil it
1
three ounces, the
seeds of Annis, Smallage, Fennel, of each
ing to art. \

Culpeper] Mesue followed verbatim one ounce, of Endive half an ounce, clear
is

in this; and the receipt is appropriated tOsWatersix pounds, boil it gently in an earthen
cold and flegmatic stomachs, and it is an vessel till half the water be consumed, then
|

admirable remedy for it, for it strengthens strain and clarify it, and with three pounds
!

both stomach and liver, as also the instru-iof Sugar, and a pound and a half of white
ments of concoction, a spoonful taken in Wine Vinegar, boil it into a Syrup,
j

the morning, is admirable for such as have Culpeper.]

I This in my opinion is a
a weak digestion, it provokes an appetite to \ gallant Syrup for such whose bodies are
one's victuals,
it
prevails against the yellow stuffed cither
with flegm, or tough humour.',
j

breaks wind, purges humours by for it

opens obstructions or stoppings both
jaundice, \

stomach, liver, spleen, and reins

'
urine. of the ;

4 o
296 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
it and brings away tough flegm and four hours in three ounces of white Wine,
cuts \

choler, and is therefore a special remedy Radish and Fumitory water, of each two
j

for such as have a stuffing at their stomach. pounds, then boil it away to one pound
J

Syrupus de dgno Casio. eight ounces, let it settle, in four ounces of

\

Or Syrup of Agnus Castus. which, whilst it is warm, dissolve by itself

\

College^ Take of the seeds of Rue and Gum Ammoniacum, first dissolved in white
\

Hemp, of each half a dram, of Endive, Wine Vinegar, two ounces, boil the rest
j

Lettice, Purslain, Gourds, Melons, of each with a pound and an half of white sugar
\

two drams, of Fleawort half an ounce, of into a Syrup, adding the mixtures of the
i

Agnus Castus four ounces, the flowers of

j
Gum at the end.
Water Lilies, the leaves of Mints, of each ?
Culpeper.~] It cools the liver, and opens
half a handful, decoction of seeds of Lentils, ; obstructions both of it and the spleen, helps
and Coriander seeds, of each half an ounce, old surfeits, and such like diseases, as scabs,
|

three pounds of the decoction, boil them ;

itch, leprosy, and what else proceed from
all over a gentle fire till two pounds be con- \ the liver over heated. You may take an
sumed, add to the residue, being strained,! ounce at a time,
two ounces of juice of Lemons, a pound \
Syrupus de Artemisia.
and a half of white sugar, make it into a 1 Or Syrup of Mugwort.
Syrup according to art. \ College^] Take of Mugwort two hand-
Culpeper.~] A pretty Syrup, and good for Pennyroyal, Calaminth, Origanum,
f fuls,
little* {Bawm, Arsmart, Dittany of Crete, Savin,
Syrupus de Altluea. Marjoram, Germander, St. John's Wort,
\

Or Syrup of Marsh-mallows. Camepitis, Featherfew with the flowers,

j

College.'} Take of roots of Marsh-ma] Centaury the less, Rue, Bettony, Bugloss,
-
\

lows, two ounces, the roots of Grass Aspara- of each a handful, the roots of Fennel,
1

gus, Liquorice, Raisins of the Sun stoned, Smallage, j

Parsley, Sparagus, Bruscus,
of each half an ounce, the tops of Mallows, Saxifrage, Elecampane, Cypress, Madder,
>

Marsh-mallows, Pellitory of the Wall, Orris, Peony, of each an ounce, Juniper

j

Burnet, Plantain, Maiden-hair white and Berries, the seeds of Lovage, Parsley,
|

black, of each a handful, red Cicers an Smallage, Annis, Nigella, Carpobalsamum

i

ou:;ce, of the four greater and four lesser or Cubebs, Costus, Cassia Lignea, Carda-
;

cold seeds, of each thiee drams, boil them moms, Calamus Aromaticus, the roots of
j

in six pounds of clear Water till fourremain, Asarabacca, Pellitory of Spain, Valerian,
|

which being strained, boil into a syrup with of each half an ounce, being cleansed, cut,
\

four pounds of white sugar. and bruised, let them be infused twenty-
\

is a fine
Culpeper.~] It cooling, opening, four hours in fourteen pounds of clear water,
|

slipery Syrup, and chiefly commendable for and boiled till half be consumed, being
I

the cholic, stone, or gravel, in the kidneys \ taken off from the fire, and rubbed between
or bladder. \ your hands whilst it is warm, strain it, and

Syrupus de Ammoniaca. \ with

honey and sugar, of each two pounds,
Or Syrup of Ammoniacum. sharp Vinegar four ounces, boil it to a Syrup,
j

College.] Take of Maudlin and Cetrach, and perfume it Avith Cinnamon and Spike-
of each four handful s, common Wormwood nard, of each three drams.
an ounce, the roots of Succory. Sparagus, Culpeper.'] It helps the passion of the
bark of Caper roots, of each two ounces, j matrix, and retains it in its place, it dis-,
after due preparation steep them twenty- solves the coldness, wind, and pains thereof;
\
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 297
it strengthens the nerves, opens the pores, I jaundice. You may take them with a
corrects the blood, it and provokes Liquorice stick, or take a spoonful in the
corrects
\

the menses. You may take a spoonful ofl morning fasting.

it at a time.
Syrupus Botryos.
Syrupus de Bctonica composites. Or Syrup of Oak of Jerusalem.
Or Syrup of Bettony compound. College.'] Take of Oak of Jerusalem,
College.'] Take of Bettony three hand- Hedge-mustard, Nettles, of each two hand-
\

fuls, Marjoram four handfuls and a half, | fuls, Colt*s-foot, one handful and a half,

Thy .ne, red Roses, of each a handful, Violets, {boil them in a sufficient quantity of clear
Stcechas, Sage, of each half a handful, the water till half be consumed to two pounds
!
;

seeds of Fennel, Annis, and Ammi, of each of the Decoction, add two pounds of the
!

half an ounce, the roots of Peons, Poly- 1 Juice of Turnips baked in an oven in a
podium, and Fennel, of each five drams J close pot, and with three pounds of white
boil them in six pounds of river water, to sugar, boil it into a Syrup,
\

three pounds, strain it, and add juice of 5

Cnlpeper.] This Syrup was composed
Bettony two pounds, sugar three pounds against coughs, shortness of breath, and
!

and a half, make it into a Syrup. other the like infirmities of the breast pro-
i

CulpeperJ\ It helps diseases coming of ceeding of cold, for which (if you can get
j

cold, both in the head and stomach, as also it) you may
\
take it with a Liquorice stick,
such as come of wind, vertigos, madness ; >
Syrtqnts Capillorum Veneris.
it concocts melancholy, it provokes the
j
Or Syvup of Maiden-hair,
menses, and so doth the simple Syrup more j College.'] Take of Liquorice two ounces,
than the compound. j
Maiden-hair five ounces, steep them a
Syrupus Byzontinus, simple. \ natural day in four pounds of warm water,
College.] Take of the Juice of the leaves j then after gentle boiling, and strong strain-
of Endive and Smallage, of each twopounds, ing, with a pound and a half of fine sugar
|

of Hops and Bugloss, of each one pound, make it into a Syrup,

j

boil them together and scum them, and Culpeper^] It opens stoppings of the
to.]
the clarified liquor, add four pounds of j stomach, strengthens the lungs, and helps
while sugar, to as much of the juices, and j the infirmities of them. This maybe taken
with a gentle fire boil it to a Syrup. also either with a Liquorice stick, or mixed
j

Syrupus Byzantimis, compound. with the Pectoral Decoction like Syrup of

College.~\ Take of the Juices so ordered Coltsfoot.
i

as in the former, four pounds, in which boil \ Syrupus Cardiacus, -eel Julcpum Cardiacum.
led Roses, two ounces, Liquorice half an {
Or a Cordial Syrup,
ounce, the seeds of Annis, Fennel, and; College^] Take of Rhenish Wine two
Smallage, of each three drams, Spikenard pounds,
1 Rose Water two ounces and a half,
two drams, strain it, and to the three pounds! Cloves two scruples, Cinnamon half a
remaining, add two pounds of Vinegar, i dram, Ginger two scruples, Sugar
three
four pounds of Sugar, make it into a syrup j ounces and a half, boil it to the consistence
according to art.
-
of a Julep, adding Ambergris three
\

Culpeper.~\ They both of them (viz. j grains, Musk one grain,

both Simple and Compound) open Culpepcr.~]
If you would have this Julep
stopp-j
in more sugar,
ings of the stomach, liver, and spleen, help keep long, you may put
j

the rickets in children, cut and bring j and yet if close stopped, it will not easily
away tough flegm, and help the yellow | corrupt because it is made up only of Wine,
298 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
indeed the wisest way is to order the quan- a pound, Sugar two pounds, make it into
tity of sugar according to the palate of a Syrup like Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers.
him that takes it. It restores such as are CulpeperJ] It prevails against all dis-
in consumptions, comforts the heart, eases proceeding from choler, or heat of
cherishes the drooping spirits, and is of an
j
blood, fevers, both pestilential, and not
opening quality, thereby carrying away pestilential ; it resists poison, cools the
those vapours which might otherwise annoy blood, quenches thirst, cures the vertigo,
]
the brain and heart: You may take an ! or dizziness in the head,
ounce at a time, or two if you please. College^] After the same manner is
Syrupus infusionis forum Cariophillorum. j
made Syrups of Grapes, Oranges, Bar-
Or Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers. !
berries, Cherries, Quinces, Lemons, Wood-
CollegeJ] Take a pound of Clove-gilli- j sorrel, Mulberries, Sorrel, English Currants,
flowers, the whites being cut off, infuse them ; and other sour Juices.
a whole night in two pounds of water, then \
Culpeper.~\ If you look the simples you
with four pounds of sugar melted in it, may see the virtues of them they all cool
:
j
make it into a Syrup without boiling. \ and comfort the heart, and strengthen the
Culpeper.~\ This Syrup is a fine tern- \ stomach, Syrup of Quinces stays vomiting,
perate Syrup it
strengthens the heart,
:
\
so doth all Syrup of Grapes,
liver, and stomach it refreshes the vital
; i
Syrupus Corticum Citriorum.
spirits, and is a good cordial in fevers ;
|
Or Syrup of Citron Pills,
and usually mixed with other cordials, you Take of fresh yellow Citron
j College.]
can hardly err in taking it, it is so harm- Pills five ounces, the berries of Chermes,
\

a Syrup.
|or the juice of them brought over to us,
less

Syrupus de Cinnamomo. \
two drains, Spring Water four pounds,
Or Syrup of Cinnamon. j steep them all
night, boil
them till half be
College.'] Take of Cinnamon grossly | consumed, taking off the scum, strain it,
bruised, four ounces, steep it in white ! and with two pounds and a half of sugar
Wine, and small Cinnamon Water, of each |
boiled it into a Syru, : half of it be
let
half a pound, three days, in a without Musk, but perfume the other hair
glass, by a j

gentle heat; strain it, and with a pound \

with three grains of Musk tied up in a rag.
and a half of sugar, boil it gently to a !
Culpcper.] It strengthens the stomach,
Syrup. poison, strengthens the heart, and
I
resists
It refreshes the vital
Culpeper.~\ spirits resists the$
passions thereof, palpitation,
exceedingly, and cheers both heart and faintings, swoonings ; it strengthens the
j
stomach languishing through cold, it helps ! vital spirits, restores such as are in con-
digestion exceedingly, and strengthens the j sumptions, and hectic fevers, and strengthens
whole body. You may take a spoonful at nature much. You may take a spoonful
j
a time in a cordial. \ at a time.
College.'] Thus also
you may con- \
Syrupus e Coralliis simplex.

veniently prepare Syrups (but only with* Or Syrup of Coral simple,

white Wine,) of Annis seeds, sweet Fennel Take of red Coral in very fine
j College.']
seeds, Cloves, Nutmegs, Ginger, &c j powder
four ounces, dissolve it in clarified
Syrupus Acetosltat'n Citriorum. \
juice of Barberries in the heat of a bath,
OrSyrup of Juice of Citrons.. ja pound, in a glass well stopped with wax
College^] Take of the Juice of Citrons, and cork, a digestion being made three or
\

strained without expression, and cleansed, four days, pour off what is dissolved; put
\
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 209
in fresh clarified juice, and proceed as be- a spoonful of it before meat, for
take
fore, repeat this so often till all the coral vomiting after meat, for both, as also for
be dissolved lastly, to one pound of this the rest, in the
;
morning.
juice add a pound and a half of sugar, and Syrupus de Erysimo.
boil it to a Syrup gently. Or Syrup of Hedge-mustard.
j
Syrupus e Coralliis compositus. College^] Take of Hedge-mustard, fresh,
Or Syrup of Coral compound. six handfuls, the roots of
,<

Elecampane,
College.'] Take of red Coral six ounces, Colt's-foot, Liquorice, of each two ounces,
|

in very fine powder, and levigated upon Borrage, Succory, Maiden-hair, of each a
I

a marble, add of clarified juice of Lemons, | handful and a half, the cordial flowers,
the flegm being drawn off in a bath, sixteen Rosemary and Bettony, of each half a hand-
ounces, clarified juice of Barberries, eight ful, Annis seeds half an ounce, Raisins of
ounces, sharp white Wine Vinegar, and juice the sun stoned, two ounces, let all of them,
of Wood-sorrel, of each six ounces, mix them being prepared according to art, be boiled
together, and put them in a glass stopped in a sufficient quantity of Barley Water
with cork and bladder, shaking it every and Hydromel, with six ounces of juice of
day till it have digested eight days in a Hedge-mustard to two pounds and a half,
bath, or horse dung, then filter it, of which the which, with three pounds of sugar, boil
take a pound and a half, juice of Quinces it into a Syrup according to art.
half a pound, sugar of Roses twelve ounces, It was invented
Culpepcr.~\ against
make them into a Syrup in a bath, adding cold afflictions of the breast and lungs, as
Syrup of Clove-gilli flowers sixteen ounces, asthmas, hoarseness, &c. You may take
keep it for use, omitting the half dram of it either with a Liquorice stick, or which is
Ambergris, and four grains of Musk better, mix an ounce of it with three or
till the
physician command it. four ounces of Pectoral Decoction, and
Syrup of Coral both drink it off warm in the
CulpeperJ] simple morning.
and compound, restore such as are in con- Syrupus de Fumaria.
sumptions, are of a gallant cooling nature, Or Syrup of Fumitory.
especially the last, and very cordial, good College.'] Take of Endive, common
for hectic fevers, it stops fluxes, the run- Wormwood, Hops, Dodder, Hart's-tongue,
ning of the reins, and the Fluor Al bus, helps of each a handful, Epithimum an ounce
such as spit blood, and such as have the and a half, boil them in four pounds of
falling-sickness, it stays the menses. Half water till half be consumed, strain it, and
a spoonful in the morning is enough. add the juice of Fumitory a pound and a
Syrupus Cydoniorum. ! half, of
Borrage and Bugloss, of each half
Or Syrup of Quinces. a pound, white sugar four pounds, make
i

College.'] Take of the Juice of Quinces them into a Syrup according to art.
clarified six pounds, boil it over a gentle fire Culpeper.~] The receipt is a pretty con-
tillhalf of it be consumed, scumming it, cocter of melancholy, and therefore a
adding red Wine three pounds, white sugar \
rational help for diseases arising thence,
four pounds, boil it into a Syrup, to be per- }
both internal and external, it helps diseases
fumed with a dram and a half of Cinnamon, of the skin, as Leprosies, Cancers, Warts,
Cloves and G'nger, of each two scruples. Corns, Itch, Tetters, Ringworms, Scabs, &c.
CulpeperJ] It strengthens the heart and and it is" the better to be liked, because of
stomach, stays looseness and vomiting, its
gentleness.
It helps surfeits exceedingly,
relieves languishing nature : for looseness, [ cleanses, cools, and strengthens the liver,
4n
 300 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and causes make good blood, and good the fruits the seeds, and the seeds the herbs,
it to
j

blood cannot make bad flesh. I commend about a quarter of an hour at last, five ;

this receipt to those whose bodies are sub- pounds of water being consumed, boil the
ject to scabs and itch. If you please you other three (being first strained and clari-
may take two ounces by itself every morn-' fied) into a Syrup with two pounds and a
ng. half of sugar.
Syrupus de tza. Culpeper.~] It mightily strengthens the
Or Syrup of iquonce. breast and lungs, causes long wind, clears
College.']
Take of green Liquorice, the voice, is a good remedy against coughs.
and bruised, two ounces, white Use it like the S} rup of Liquorice.
r
scraped
Maiden-hair an ounce, dryed Hyssop half? Syrupus Iv<e arthritictc, sive Chamtepityos.
an ounce, steep these in four pounds of hot 5 Or Syrup of Chamepitys.
water, after twenty-four hours, boil it till College^} Take of Chamepilys, two hand-
;

half be consumed, strain it, and clarify it, j

fuls, Sage, Rosemary, Poley Mountain,
and with Honey, Penids, and Sugar, of each \ Origanum, Calaminth, wild Mints, Penny-
eight ounces, make it into a Syrup, adding, \ royal, Hyssop, Thyme, Rue, garden and
before it be perfectly boiled, red Rose i wild, Bettony, Mother of Thyme, of each a
Water six ounces. s
handful, the roots of Acorns, Birthwort long
CulpeperJ] It cleanses the breast and
|
and round, Briony, Dittany, Gentian,
lungs, and helps continual coughs and Hog's Fennel, Valerian, of each half an
[

pleurisies. You may take it with a jounce, the roots of Smallage, Asparagus,
Liquorice stick, or add an ounce of it or Fennel, Parsley, Bruscus, of each an ounce,
;

more to the Pectoral Decoction. j

iPellitory of Spain, an ounce and a half,
Syrupus Granatorum cum Aceto ; vulgo^ \
Stoechas, the seeds of Annis, Ammi, Cara-
Oxysaccharum simplex. \
way, Fennel, Lovage, Hartwort, of each
Or Syrup of Pomegranates with Vinegar, three drams, Raisins of the sun two ounces,
i

College^] Take of white sugar a pound boil them in ten pounds of water to four,
\

and a half, juice of Pomegranates eight to which add honey and sugar, of each two
i

ounces, white Wine Vinegar four ounces, pounds, make it into a Syrup to be per-
boil it gently into a Syrup. \
fumed with Sugar, Nutmegs, and Cubebs,
CulpeperJ] Look the virtues of Pome- 3 of each three drams,

gra nates among the simples. Syrupus Jujubinus.

Syrupus de Hyssopo. Or Syrup of Jujubes.
Or Syrup of Hyssop. College.']
Take of Jujubes, Violets, five
College.'] Take pounds of Spring drams, Maiden-hair, Liquorice, French
eight
Water, half an ounce of Barley, boil it Barley, of each an ounce, the seeds of
about half an hour, then add the Roots of Mallows five drams, the seeds of white
Smallage, Parsley, Fennel, Liquorice, of, Poppies, Melons, Lettice, (seeds of Quinces
each ten drams, Jujubes, Sebestens, of each and Gum Tragacanth tied up in a rag)
fifteen, Raisins of the sun stoned, an ounce? of each three drams, boil them in six
and a half, Figs, Dates, of each ten, the pounds of rain or spring water till half be
seeds of Mallows and Quinces, Gum Tra- consumed, strain it, and with two pounds
gacanth tied up in a rag, of each three; of sugar make it into a Syrup,
drams, Hyssop meanly dryed, ten drams, $
Culpeper.~\ It is a fine cooling Syrup,
Maiden-hair six drams, boil them together, j very available in coughs, hoarseness, and
yet so, that the roots may precede the fruits, pleurisies, ulcers of the lungs and bladder,
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 301

as also in all inflammations whatsoever. ounce, the leaves of

Bawm, Scabious,
You may take a spoonful of it once in three Devil's-bit, the flowers of both sorts of
or four hours, or if you please take it with Bugloss, and Rosemary, of each a handful,
a Liquorice slick. the seeds of Sorrel, Citrons, Fennel, Car-
Syrupus de Meconio, sive Diacodium. duus, Bazil, of each three drams, boil them
Or Syrup of Meconium, or Diacodium. in four pounds of water till half be con-
College.] Take of white Poppy heads strain it, and add three
pounds of
jsumed,
with their seeds, gathered a little after the (white sugar, juice of Bawm and Rose
flowers are fallen off, and kept three days, Water, of each half a pound, boil them to
eightounces, black Poppy heads (so ordered) a Syrup, the which perflime with Cinnamon
six ounces, rain Water eight pounds, steep and yellow Sanders, of each half an ounce
them twenty-four hours, then boil and press Culpeper.~] It is an excellent cordial,
them gently, boil itto three pounds, and and strengthens the heart, breast, and
with twenty -four ounces of sugar boil it stomach, it resists melancholy, revives the
into a Syrup according to art. spirits, is given with good success in fevers,
Syrupus de Meconio compositus. it
strengthens the memory, and relieves
Or Syrup of Meconium compound. languishing nature. You may take a spoon-
,

College.'] Take of white and black full of it at a time.

Poppy heads with their seeds, fifty drams, Syrupus de Mentha.
Maiden-hair fifteen drams, Jujubes thirty, Or Syrup of Mints.
the seeds of Lettice, forty drams, of Mal- College."] Take of the juices of Quinces
lows and Quinces tied up in a rag, a dram sweet and between sweet and sour, the juice
and a half, Liquorice five drams, water of Pomegranates sweet, between sweet and
eight pounds, boil it according to art, strain sour, and sour, of each a pound and a half,
it, and to three pounds of Decoction add dried Mints half a pound, red Roses two
Sugar and Penids, of each one pound, make ounces, let them lie in steep one day, then
it into a
Syrup. boil it half away, and with four pounds of
\

CulpeperJ] Meconium is nothing else but jsugai boil it into a Syrup according to art:
the juice of English Poppies boiled till it I perfume it not unless the Physicians com-
be thick : It prevails againstdry coughs, mand.
phthisicks, hot and sharp gnawing rheums, Culpeper.~] The Syrup is in quality bind-
and provokes sleep It is an usual fashion ing, yet it comforts the stomach much,
for nurses when they have heated their milk \
helps digestion, stays vomiting, and is as
by exercise or strong liquor (no marvel then excellent a remedy against sour or offensive
if their children be froward) then run for belchings, as any is in the Dispensatory.
Syrup of Poppies, to make their young Take a spoonful of it after meat.
ones sleep. I would fain have that fashion Syrupus de Mucilaginibus.
left, therefore I forbear the dose; Jet Or Syrup of Mussilages.
nurses keep their own bodies temperate, and College.'] Take of the seeds of Marsh-
their children will sleep well enough, never |
mallows, Mallows, Quinces, of each an
fear. i ounce, Gum Tragacanth three drams, let
Syrupus Melissophylli. |
these infuse six hours in warm Decoction of
Or Syrup of Bawm. | Mallows, white Poppy seeds, and Winter
College.] Take of the Bark of Bugloss Cherries, then press out the Mussilage to
5

roots, an ounce, the roots of white Dittany, ian ounce and an half,
with which, and
Cinquefoil, Scorzonera, of each half an i three
ounces of the aforesaid Decoction,
802 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
and two ounces of sugar, make a Syrup* boil them in four pounds of clear water
according to art. one be consumed, strain it, and add half
till
j

CulpepcrJ] A
spoonful taken by itself, |
a pound of red Rose water, white sugar
or in any convenient liquor, is excellent for four pounds, boil it into a Syrup according
|

any sharp corroding humours be they in to art.

what part of the body soever, phthisicks, Culpeper.'] They are both fine cooling
bloody-flux, stone in the reins or bladder, j Syrups, allay the heat of choler, and pro-
or ulcers there it is excellent good for voke sleep, they cool the body, both head,
:
j

such as have taken purges that arc too heart, liver, reins, and matrix, and there-
j

strong for their bodies, for by its slippery fore are profitable for hot diseases in either,
i

nature it helps corrosions, and by its eooMyou may take an ounce of it at a time when
ing helps inflammations. stomach is empty.
jyour
Syrupus Myrtinus. Syrupus de Papavere Erratico, sive Ritbro.
Or Syrup of Myrtles. /^ c
n 77 Or Syrup ofc Erratic
i? * r>
Poppies.
College.}
-i
lake ofr T\T
rr i

Myrtle
.1 r>
Berries two] r i no f fl f e
1r
, o i- i Loueff.\ Jake of the fresh flowers of
ounces and an half, i
banders white and red, j TD 5

i
r> i T> u i red Poppies '
two pounds, steep them in
Sumach, Balaustines, .Barberry stones, red ffour
-n c
Hoses, of each an ounce and a hair, Med-
11 if iv,r pounds i
ofc warm spring water, the next
,

u *i * c
J strain it, and boil it into a Syrup with
i

ir , .,
lars half a pound, bruise them in eight?-.
,
day.

f f
'
j
strain it, and add j
c

;its equal
, l weight
,
m
sugar.
pounds of water to four, i ,
rpi, c
The Syrup cools i ,1 ui
the blood,
i
f f^ i
mice of Quinces and sour Pomegranates,
T,
,
^
Culpeper.
, ,. ,
surfeits, and may
,

,; helps J safe Jy be &

'
,. .., A ,
given in
rf r>ooh CIY
of each ounces, thfn
six r>nnr-r> with thrfp
then \vith nnnnrls
three pounds .
and hot
.

frenzies, fevers, agues.

of sugar, boil it into a Syrup.
Culpeper^] The Syrup is of a very bind- Syrupus de Pilosella.
ing, yet comforting nature, it helps such as Or Syrup of Mousear.
spit blood, all fluxes of the belly, or corro- College.'] Take of Mousear three hand-
sions of the internal parts, it
strengthens the fuls, the roots of Lady's- mantle an ounce
retentive faculty, and stops immoderate and an half, the roots of Comfrey the
i

flux of menses. A spoonful at a time is \ greater, Madder, white Dittany, Tormentil,

the dose. { Bistort,
of each an ounce, the leaves of
Syrupus Florum Nymphte simplex. \ Wintergreen, Horsetail,
Ground Ivy, Plan-
Or Syrup of Water-Lily flowers, simple. ! tain, Adder's Tongue, Strawberries, St.
College.'] Take of the whitest of white John's Wort Avith the flowers, Golden Rod,
\

Water-Lily flowers, a pound, steep them in Agrimony, Bettony, Burnet, Avens, Cinque-
;

three pounds of warm water six or seven foil the greater, red Coleworts, Balaustines,
!

hours, let them boil a little, and strain them red Roses, of each a handful, boil them
\

out, put in the same weight of flowers again gently in six pounds of Plantain Water to
:

the second and third time, when you have t three, then strain it strongly, and when it is
strained it the last time, add its weight of settled, add Gum Tragacanth, the seeds of
I

sugar to it, and boil it to a Syrup. Fleawort, Marsh-mallows and Quinces,

j

Syrupus Florum Nymplue compositus. made \

into a Mussilage by themselves in
Syrup of Water-Lily flowers compound. | Strawberry and Bettony Water, of each
College^] Take of white Water-Lily three ounces, white sugar two pounds, boil
flowers half a pound, Violets two ounces, it to the thickness of honey.
|

Lettice two handfuls, the seeds of Lettice, j It is drying and healing, and
Culpeper.']
Purslain, and Gourds, of each half an ounce, therefore good for ruptures.
\|
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 303

Syrupus infusionis forum Ptfouiae. Syrupus de Prasio. '

Or Syrup of the infusion of Peony flowers. Or S y ru P of Horehound.

It is prepared in the samej College.'] Take ot white Horehound
College.']
manner as Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers. fresh two \
ounces, Liquorice, Pohpodium
'

of the Fenne1 and 8'

Syrupu de Pccoma con.positus. f ,
?*fe \
f each half an ounce, white Maiden-hair,
'
.
$*$*& T-
/-%

CWfeJ
r
ci

r ,!P n yr YJP
Take
f T->
Gt P
,
of 7 TP
f the Roots of; I Origanum,

both| Sav
.
i
;

Hyssop, Calaminth, Thyme,

Scabious, Colt's-foot, of each six
sorts of Peony taken up at the full
MoonJj^
cut in slices, and steeped in white Wine each three
the seedg ()f Annis and Colto of
j drams, Raisins of thcsun stone d
a whole day, of each an ounce and an halt, two ;

fat boil them in

ounces, Figs ten, eight
Contra Yerva halt an ounce, Slier Moun- o f Hydromel till half be consumed,
pounds
tain six drams. Elk s Claws an ounce, Rose- }
boi] the Decoction into a S y rup with honey
mary with the flowers on, one handful, nd sugar
=

& of each two pounds, and per-

Bettony, Hyssop, Origanum Chamepitys, fume it with an ounce of the roots of Or ris
Rue, of each three drams, Wood of Aloes, F oren tj ne 5
j

Cloves, Cardamoms the less, of each two | It is appropriated to the

Cvlpe '^
drams, Ginger, Spikenard, of each a dram bfeast and ]un and is a fine cleanser to
j
Slcechas, Nutmegs, of each two drams and | and d
them from thick putrifie flegm,
an half, boil them after one day s warm ithelps phthisicks and coughs, and diseases
digestion, ma sufficient quantity of distilled
subJ e c t to old men, and cold natures,
j
water of Peony roots, to four pounds, in
Tak e it with a Liquorice stick,
which (being strained through Hippocrates
Siimpus de quinq. Radicibus.
sleeve) put four pounds and an half of |
while sugar, and boil it to a Syrup.
Qr g^V
the five opening Roots,
Take of the roots of Smallage,
College.!
It the
tulpeper.]
and convulsions.
helps falling-sickness, j Fenne p ars i e y, Bruscus Sparagus off
eacn two ounces spring Water, six pounds,
|

Syrupus de Ponds aderans. ^ o \\ aw ay the third part, and make a Syrup

Or Syrup of Apples. with the rest according to art, with three
College] Take four pounds of the juice pounds of sugar, adding eight ounces
of
of sweet scented Apples, the juice of Bug- white Wine Vinegar, towards the latter
;

loss, garden and wild, of Violet leaves, end. \

Rose Water, of each a pound, boil them { CttlpeperJ] It cleanses and opens very

together, and clarify them, and with six well, is

profitable against obstructions, pro-
j

pounds of pure sugar, boil it into

aSyruplvokes urine, cleanses the body of flegm,
according to art. and is safely and profitably given in the
j

Culpeper.~\ It is a. fine cooling Syrup \ beginning of fevers. An ounce at a time

for such whose stomachs are overpressed an empty stomach is a good dose,
| upon
with heat, and may safely be given in I Syrupus Raphani.
fevers, for it rather loosens than binds : Or Syrup of Radishes,
i

it breeds
good blood, and is profitable inj College.']
Take of garden and wild
hectic fevers, and for such as are troubled Radish roots, of each an ounce, the roots
j

with palpitation of the heart, it quenches! of while Saxifrage, Lovage, Bruscus,

thirst admirably in fevers, and stays hie- ! Eringo, Rest-harrow, Parsley, Fennel, of

coughs. You may take an ounce of it at j each half an ounce, the leaves of Beltony,
a time in the morning, or when you need. Burnet, Pennyroyal, Nettles, Water-cresses,
|

4 i
304 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Samphire, Maiden-hair, of each one hand- land Cotton, of each three drains, boil them
ful, Winter Cherries, Jujubes, of each ten, jail (the roots being infused in white Wine
the seeds of Bazil, Bur, Parsley of Mace- the day before) in a sufficient quantity of
j

donia, Hartwort, Carraway, Carrots, Groin- Wine and Water to eight ounces, strain it,
:

well, the bark of the root of Bay-tree, of \ and adding four ounces of the Juice ot
each two drams, Raisins of the sun stoned, Scabious, and ten ounces of sugar, boil it
\

Liquorice, of each six drams, boil them in \to a Syrup, adding to it twenty drops of oil
twelve pounds of water to eight, strain it, \ of sulphur.
and with four pounds of sugar, and twoi CulpeperJ] It is a cleansing
Syrup ap-
pounds of honey, make it into a Syrup, propriated
: to the breast and lungs, when
and perfume it with an ounce of Cinnamon, you perceive them oppressed by flegm,
5

and half an ounce of Nutmegs, >

crudites, or stoppings, your remedy is to
CulpeperJ] A tedious long medicine for
; take now and then a spoonful of this Syrup,
the stone. it is taken also with
\ good success by such
Syrupus Regius, alias Julapium Alexandrimim. jas are itchy, or scabby.
Or Julep of Alexandria. Sympus de Scolopendno.
College."] Boil four pounds of Rose- ! Or Syrup of Hart's-tongue.
water, and one pound of white Sugar into j College^] Take of Hart's-tongue three
a Julep. Julep of Roses is made with Ihandfuls, Polypodium of the Oak, the
Damask Rose water, in the very same \ roots of both sorts of Bugloss, bark of the,
manner. roots of Capers and Tamerisk, of each two
j

Culpeper."] Two fine cooling drinks in

jounces, Hops, Dodder, Maiden-hair, Bawni,
the heat of summer. 5 of each two handfuls, boil them in nine
Syrupus de Rosis siccis. ] pounds
of Spring water to five, and strain
Or Syrup of dried Roses. $
it, and with four pounds of white sugar,

College.] Make four pounds of spring make it into a Syrup according to art.
5

water hot, in which infuse a pound of dried i

Culpeper.] It helps the stoppings of
Roses, by some at a time, press them out melancholy, opens obstructions of the liver
!

and with two pounds of sugar, boil it into land spleen, and is profitable against splen-
a Syrup according to art. I etic evils, and therefore is a choice remedy
Culpeper."] Syr up of dried Roses, strength-! for the disease which the vulgar call the
ens the heart, comforts the spirits, binds
|
rickets, or liver-grown: A spoonful in u
the body, helps fluxes, and corrosions, or \morning is a
precious remedy for children
gnawings of the bowels, it strengthens the ] troubled with that disease. Men that are
stomach, and stays vomiting. You may \
troubled with the spleen, which is known
take an ounce at a time, before meat, if for { by pain and hardness in their left side, may
fluxes ; after meat if for vomiting. \
take three or four spoonfuls, they shall find
Syrupus ScabioscB. \this one receipt worth the price of the whole
Or Syrup of Scabious. \
book.
College^] Take of the roots of Elecam- \ Syrupus de Stcechode.
pane, and Polypodium of the Oak, of each Syrup of Stoechas
j
two ounces, Raisins of the sun stoned an ! College.']
Take of Stoechas flowers four
ounce, Sebestens twenty, Colt's-foot, Lung- ounces, Rosemary flowers half an ounce,
;

wort, Savory, Calaminth, of each a hand- {Thyme, Calaminth, Origanum, of each an

fuland an half, Liquorice, Spanish Tobacco, jounce and an half, Sage, Bcttony, of each
of each half an ounce, the seeds of Nettles half an ounce, the seeds of Rue, Peony, and
1
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
fennel, of each three drams, spring water the water of Violet flowers and
sugar, like
ten pounds, boil it till half be consumed, Julep of Roses.
and with honey and sugar, of each two I
Culpeper.] It is
cooling and pleasant.
pounds, boil it which perfume
into a Syrup,
j
with Cinnamon, Ginger, and Calm as *

Aromaticus, of each two drams tied up in } PURGING SYRUPS.

a rag.
Syrupiis de Symphyio. SyPumts de CicJiorio cum Rhubarbaro.
Or Syrup of
Cornfrey. Or Syrup
of Succory with Rhubarb.
College.] Take of roots and tops of* College.] Take of whole Barley, the
Comfrey, the greater and lesser, of each roots of Smallage, Fennel, and Sparagus,
j

three handfuls, reel Roses, Bettony, Plantain, of each two ounces, Succory, Dandelyon,
j
Jiurnet, Knot Endive, smooth Sow-thistles, of each two
grass, Scabious, Colt's foot, j
of each two handfuls, press the juice out of! handfuls, Lettuce, Liverwort, Fumitory,
them all, being green and bruised, boil it, tops of Hops, of each one handful, Maiden-
j
scum it, and strain it, add its weight of hair, white and black, Cetrachs, Liquorice,
j

sugar to it that it may be made into a Syrup, { winter Cherries, Dodder, of each six drains,
according to art. to boil these take sixteen pounds of spring
The Syrup is excellent for water, strain the liquor, and boil in it six
Culpeper.]
all inward wounds and bruises, excoriations, pounds of white sugar, adding towards the
vomitings, spittings, or evacuation of blood, end six ounces of Rhubarb, six drams of
it unites broken bones,
helps ruptures, and Spikenard, bound up in a thin slack rag
stops the menses You cannot
: err in taking the which crush often in boiling, and so
of it. make it into a
Syrup according to art.
Syrupus Violarum. body of venem-
Culpeper.] It cleanses the
Or Syrup of Violets. ous humours, as boils, carbuncles, and the
College^] Take of Violet flowers fresh like ; it
prevails against pestilential fevers,
and picked, a pound, clear water made it
strengthens the heart and nutritive virtue,
boiling hot, two pounds, shut them up close purges by stool and urine, it makes a man
together into a new glazed pot, a whole j nave a good stomach to his meat, and pro-
day, then press them hard out, and in two j vokes sleep. But by my author's leave,
pounds of the liquor dissolve four pounds j I never accounted purges to be proper
and three ounces of white sugar, take away \ physic in pestilential fevers ; this I believe,
the scum, and so make it into a Syrup with- I the Syrup cleanses the liver well, and is
out boiling. Syrup of the juice of Violets, | exceeding good for such as are troubled
is made with its double
weight of sugar, like>j with hypocondriac melancholy. The strong
the former. may take two ounces at a time, the weak,
Culpeper.] This Syrup cools and moistens,!* one,
or you may mix an ounce of it with
and that very gently, it corrects the sharp- } the Decoction of Senna.
ness of choler, and gives ease in hot vices of Syrupiis de Eptthymo.
the breast, it quenches thirst in acute fevers, Or
I
Syrup of Epithimum.
and resist the heat of the disease; it com- j Colifge.] Take of Epithimum twenty
forts hot stomachs exceedingly, cools the \ drams, Mirobalans, Citron, and Indian of
liver and and resists putrefaction, each fifteen drams, Emblicks, Belloricks,
heart, j

pestilence, and poison. Polypodium. Liquorice Agrick, Thyme,

College.] Julep of Violets is made of' Cylaminlh. Bugloss, Stoechas of each six
300 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
drains, Dodder, Fumitory, ot each ten Culpever.~\ The Syrup is a cooling purge,
i

drams, red Roses, Annis-seeds and sweet and tends to rectify the distempers of the
j

Fennel seeds of each two drams and an blood, it purges choler and
j melancholy, and
naif, sweet Prunes ten, Raisins of the sun therefore must needs be effectual both in
j
stoned four ounces, Tamarinds two ounces yellow and black
jaundice, madness, scurf,
!

and an half, after twenty-four hours infusion leprosy, and scabs, it is

jvery gentle. The
in ten pints of boil it sdose from one ounce to
spring water, away is
three, according
to six, then take it from the fire and strain; as the An
body is in age and strength.
it, and with five pounds of fine sugar boil jounce of it in the morning is excellent for
it inty Syrup according to art. | such children as break out in scabs.
Culpeper.'] put in the Dod- j
It is best to
Syrupus de Pomis magistralis
der, Stcechas and Agarick, towards the Or Syrup of Apples magisterial,
latter end of the Decoction. It purges melan-j
Take of j T
-,

^f
/-, ,
the Juice and Water
choly, and other humours, it strengthens!
the stomach and liver, cleanses the body of|
addust choler and addust blood, as also of
f A
f
PP <* a and an
he Ju ce a " d^ Watcr of Borra S e
loss ach nin ounces Senna |
! Bug-
half a
'
les
]

Kgf ^
salt humours, and
from
helps diseases proceeding
P?
? >

f and sw eet Fenn

und A " ms s eds f
eds '' '
'

these, as scabs, itch, tetters, ringworms* ^ Crete

leprosy, &c. A
man may take two
at a time, or add one ounce to the Decoc-
ounces
w
f
each three drara
f
unces A nck > * hubarb
E P]
~
of
,
!f

f each
'
'

&
Gm
\ ?T
,

half an U " Ce ' er ' Mace ' ca u h our

tion of Epithimum.
^ ^ f
Syrupus e Floribus Persicorum.
Or Syrup of Peach-flowers.
flf
P
1

half a dram ' ] " fuse e Jj?3ft

Rhu barb
l' ^"^ ^
*dfrC '

^
" am n

^ Wine
l

Take of fresh Peach-flowers by itself, in white and

Colletgc.-]
rffP^rt
Ai
two ounces, let
a pound, steep them a whole day in three
&11
I
e T i the Sa ffr n exce P ted be ste 5??^
pounds of warm water, then boil a little and the ^> m J
'

andfP^
,
Waters above mentioned, ^
the
Strain it out, repeat this infusion five times
ext da v P ut the juices, which being
in the same liquor, in three
pounds of which b lled "J
' Bummed, and strained, then with
dissolve two pounds and an half of
sugar our ounces of A hlte u ar boil ll mto a
and boil it into a Syrup.
r5^y ru Pi
|

crushing
r ^ g in it Kbeing tied
the saffron
,

r> i T TI. t J "' 8

Lulpeper.}j
^1^1^ and i
It is a gentle
,
i

purger of
-r ,.
i

up in a hnen rag,
^ r r.u 01,
the infusion of the Rhu-
choler, may be given even in fevers tor ft
,j j u ,
, .
, ,

,]_, i i i I barb being added at the latter end.

draw away +the sharp choleric humours. i

n , fe n ^ Out ofr doubt .,-

,, ,

Culpeper.-] this is a gallant

Syrupas de Pomis purgans ,
S ru P to ur e choler and melanchol y.
Or Syrup of Apples purging. .P S ,
!
^
and l resist madness
Colle^ Take of the juice of sweet | ^
smelling Apples two pounds, the juice of I Synipus de Rhubarbaro.
Borrage and Bugloss of each one pound I Or Syrup of Rhubarb.,
and an half, Senna two ounces, Annis seeds College..']
Take of the best Rhubarb and
?

half an ounce, Saffron one dram, let the; Senna of each two ounces and an half,
Senna be steeped in the juices twenty-four Violet flowers a handful, Cinnamon one
j

hours, and after a boil or two strain it, dram and an half, Ginger half a dram,
j

and with two pounds of white sugar boil Bettony, Succory and Bugloss Water of
it to a
Syrup according to art, the saffron each one pound and an half, let them be
;

being tied up in a rag, and often crushed mixed together warm all night, and in the
j

in the
boiling. morning strained and boiled into a Syrup,
|
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED 307
with two pounds of white sugar, adding provokes the menses, purges the stomach
j

towards the end four ounces of Syrup of |

and liver, and provokes urine.
S
^ j
Lulpeper.] It cleanses choler and melan-
Syrupus Rosaceus solutivus cum Helleboro.
n *. c
W ofr Rosea
; , r>
solutive with Hellebore.
choly very gently, and is therefore fit for { Sjrup
Co/ rake the bark of all the
children, ofd people, and weak bodies, i
M ,J
You may add
tion of
Epithimum
an ounce of it to the
or to the Decoction of
Decoc- !

I T^
f twelve
balan ,
each
;
fourounces,bruisethem
jof
** %T ^Sf^f.if^
ln i
pounds of the infusion of Roses
Senna
s
Senna, Epithimum, Polypo-
Syrupus Rosaceus solutivus. \

|"*" j?^n,
f the Oak of each four ounces,
0? Syrup of Roses solutive. i
ft ounce ^.
CoOeee.1 Take of Spring Water boiling
hot four pounds, Damask Rose leave!
!
T ?",
Citron seeds Liquorice,
&* bark of black
four ounces >
i
g.S
Hel ebore x drams, et the fourth
roots
fresh, as many as the water will contain;
*? exhale 8tram rt '
let them remain twelve hours in infusion, i
$&? **"*?*}*
'
,

close stopped; then press them out and pu ! T , tT

,pJ? f
*"*?*'
n *
a d S1]
r
"
Up
in fresh Rose leaves; do so nine times in the !
Sf ktInt a Sjmp
<T ^-
to art.
same liquor, encreasing the quantity of the
T> ..LI- i-i -11
Roses as the liquor encreases, which will be
i
!
"^V r r
?
LsUlpeper.l
j
according
Ine ovrun. nemlv
J. ngnuj
'

P Ur 8 mda " chol J' Desists madness.

almost by the third part every time
Take six parts of this liquor, and with four
: !
f
WWW liosacews so/w^ws cum Se
j
Or Syrup of Roses solutive with Senna,
parts of white sugar, boil it to a Syrup I

Take of Senna six ounces,

according to art.
^
College.]

Ctilpeper.] It loosens the belly, and ! Caraway, and sweet Fennel seeds, of each
three drams, sprinkle them with white Wine,
gently brings out choler and flegm, but !

leaves a binding quality behind it. and infuse th em two days in three pounds
j

ot the infusion of Roses aforesaid, then

Syrupus e succo Rosarum. \

train Jt ' and wit h two

Or Syrup of the Juice of Roses. I ? pounds of sugar boil
It is prepared without steep- ll lnto a Syrup.
College.'] \

with the juice of Damask Roses Culpeper.] It purges the body of ch'oler
ing, only
and melancholy, and expels the relics a
pressed out, and clarified, and an equal \

behind it; the dose is from

dl sease hath left
proportion of sugar added to it. i

This is like the other. one ounce to two y u maJ take it in a>
Culpeper.] !

Decoction of Senna, it leaves a binding

Syrupus Rosaceus solutivus cum Agarico. \

Or Syrup of Roses solutive with Agarick. {

quality behind it.
College.] Take of Agarick cut thin an j Syrupus de Spina Cervina.
ounce, Ginger two drams, Sal. Gem. one j
Or Syrup of Purging Thorn,
dram, Pblipodium bruised two ounces,! College.] Take of the berries of
Purging
sprinkle them with white Wine and steep | Thorn, gathered September, as many as
in
them two days over warm ashes, in a pound !
you will, bruise them in a stone mortar, and
and an half of the infusion of Damask \
press out the juice, let the fourth part of it
Roses prescribed before, and with one j
evaporate away in a bath, then to two
pound of sugar boil it into a Syrup accord- \ pounds of it add sixteen ounces of white
ing to art. 5
sugar, boil it into a Syrup, which perfume
Culpeper.] purges flegm from the
It
j
with Mastich, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Anni-
head, relieves the senses oppressed by it, seeds in fine powder, of each three drams.
4 K
308 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
|
it he thick, and with one pound of Honey,
SYRUPS MADE WITH VINEGAR boil it to the thickness of
Honey.
AND HONEY. OulpeperJ] It is a good preservative m
pestilential times, a spoonful being taken
Md dnthosatum. as soon as you are up.
Or Honey of Rosemary Flowers. Mel Passalatum.
College.] Take of fresh Rosemary Or Honey of Raisins.
flowers a pound, clarified Honey three j College.] Take of Raisins ol
the sun
pounds, mix them in a glass with a narrow cleansed from \
the stones two pounds, steep
mouth, set them in the sun, keep them for ; them in six pounds of warm water, the next
use. day boil it half away, and press it strongly,
5

Culpeper] It hath the same virtues with

and with two pounds of Honey, let the
j

Rosemary flowers, to which I refer you, \ expressed liquor boil to its thickness,
only by reason of the Honey it
may be; Culpeper] It is a pretty pleasing medi-
somewhat cleansing. |
cine for such as are in consumptions, and
Mel Helleboratnm. are bound in bod J-
Or Honey Hellcbomtecl.
\
Me * Rosatltm commune, she Foliatum.
Or con m on
Roses one f

^
'

College.-] Take of white Hellebore roots r n r

^ /
7/
Take
Roses not quite
Co11 j, 1
of red
bruised a pound, clear Water fourteen
pen two pounds, Honey six pounds, set
pounds, after three days infusion, boil it them the m
sun according to art.
(ill half be consumed, then strain it clili .
el Rosa tu Colatlim
gently, and with three pounds of Honey j
boil it to the thickness of Honey.
n
0r Ho " e off * os ^ '

,, , ,, .
,
r {
lake of thef ^^med -
1
best clarified
College.]
Mel Mercnnale.
Honey ten poundS) j dce of fresh rc(] R()ses
Or Honey of Mercury. one pou nd, set it handsomely over the fire.
Boil three pounds of the juice! and when it
College.'] begins to boil, put in four
of Mercury, with two pounds of Honey to
pounds of fresh red Roses, the whites being
|

the thickness of Honey. cut O ff tne juice being consumed by boil-

j
.

It is used as an emollient in i an d strain it and it for

Vulpeper.] !
ng stirring, keep
clysters. j
use>
Mel Mororum, vel Diamoroti.
Culpeper] They are both used for dis-
Or Honey of Mulberries. j
eases in the mouth.
College] Take of the juice of Mulberries
\
Mel Rosatum solulivitm.
and Blackberries, before they be ripe, \ Or Honey of Roses solutive.
gathered before the sun be up, of each a College.'] Take of the often infusion of
:

pound an a half, Honey two pounds, boil; Damask Roses five pounds, Honey rightly
them to their due thickness. 1 clarified four pounds, boil it to (he thick-
Culpeper] It is vulgarly be known
ness of Honey.
to |

good for sore mouths, as also to cool in-j Culpeper] It is used as a laxative in
flammations there. | clysters,
and some use it to cleanse wounds.
Md Nuceum, Diacarion et Diannciim.
alias, College]
:After the same manner is pre-
Or Honey of Nuts. pared Honey of the infusion of red Roses.
!

College] Take of the juice of the out- Mel scilliticnm.

1

ward bark of green Walnuts, gathered in Or Honey of Squils.

|

College] Take one Squil full of juice,

the dog days two pounds, boil it
gently till ;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 309

cut in and put it in a glass vessel, the; Squills prepared, Birthwort,

bits,
long, round,
mouth close stopped, and covered with a and
climbing, Turbith, English Orris, Costus,
j
skin, set in the sun forty days, to wit, twenty j Polypodium, Lemon pills, of each an
before and after the rising of the dog star, ounce, the
j strings of black Hellebore,
then open the vessel, and take the juice Spurge, Agerick, added at the end of the
which lies at the bottom, and preserve it Decoction, of each two drams, the bark of
j

with the best Honey. white Hellebore half an ounce, let all of
j

College] Honey of Violets is prepared them being dried and bruised, be digested
like as Honey of Roses. in a glass, or
glazed vessel close stopped,
Ozymel, simple. 5 in the heat of the sun, or of a furnace,
College]Take of the best Honey four ! Posca, made of equal parts of Water and
pounds, clear Water and white Wine Vine- Vinegar, eight pounds, Sapa two ounces,
j

gar, of each two pounds, boil them in an three days being expired, boil it little more
I

earthen vessel, taking the scum off with than half away, strain it, pressing it gently,
j

a wooden scummer, till it be come to the land add to the liquor a pound and a half
consistence of a Syrup. of Honey Roses, wherein two ounces of
!

Culpcpcr] It cuts flegm, and Citron pills have been infused, boil it to
it is a good
preparative against a vomit. the thickness of Honey, and perfume it
Oxymel compound. with Cloves, Saffron, Ginger, Galanga,
College.] Take of the Bark of the Root Mace, of each a dram.
of Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Bruscus, Oaymel Julianizans.

Asparagus, of each two ounces-, the seeds of. College] Take ofthe Bark of Caper
Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Annis, of each; roots, the roots of Orris, Fennel, Parsley,
one ounce, steep them all (the roots being; Bruscus, Chicory, Sparagus, Cypress, of
first cleansed and the seeds bruised) in six ;
each half an ounce, the leaves of Harts-
pounds of clear Water and a pound and a| tongue, Schaenanth, Tamarisk, of each half
half of Wine Vinegar, the next day boil it: a handful, sweet Fennel seed half an ounce,
to the consumption of the third part, boil: infuse them in three pounds of Posca, which
the rest being strained, with three pounds: is
something sour, afterwards boil it till half
of Honey into a liquid Syrup according to j
be consumed, strain it, and with Honey and
art. | sugar clarified,
of each half a pound, boil it
Culpeper] First having bruised the roots ! to the thickness of Honey,
and seeds, boil th in the water till half} Culpeper] This medicine is very open-
be consumed, then strain it and add the ing, very good against Hypocondriac
melan-
j

Honey, and when it is almost boiled enough, choly, and as fit a medicine as can be for
*AA tV,r. \7\nawr
add the Vinear. that disease in children called the Rickets.
Oxymel Helleboratum. College] Oxymel of Squills simple, is
Or Helleborated.
Oxymel made of three pounds of clarified Honey ;

boil them
College] Take of Rue, Thyme, Dittany Vinegar of j Squills two pounds,
of Crete, Hyssop, Pennyroyal, Horehound, according to art.
Carduus, the roots of Celtick, Spikenard j Culpeper] It cuts and divides humours
without leaves, the inner bark of Elders, of j that are tough and viscous, and therefore
each a handful, Mountain Calaminth two helps the stomach and bowels afflicted by
j

and sour belchings. If you

pugils, the seeds of Annis, Fennel, Baziljsuch humours,
Roman Nettles, Dill, of each two drams, \ take but a spoonful in the morning, an able
the roots of Angelica, Marsh-mallows, Aron, 'body will think enough.
3JO THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Oxwncl Scilliticum compositus. weaknesses, or failings thereof,
infirmities,
Or Oxymel of Squills compound. j
as want of voice,
difficulty of breathing,
College.]
Take of Origanum, dried coughs,
j hoarseness, catharrs, &c. The way
Hyssop, Thyme, Lovage, Cardamoms the of
$
taking it is with a
Liquorice-stick, or if
less, Stoechas, of each five drams, boil them jyou please, you may add an ounce of it to
in three pounds of Water to one, strain it the Pectoral Decoction before mentioned,
\

and with two pounds of Honey, Honey of j Syrup of Poppies, the lesser composition.
Raisins half a pound, juice of Briony five \ College.] Take of the heads of white
ounces, Vinegar of Squills a pound and a | Poppies and black, when both of them are
half, boil it, and scum it according to art. green, of each six ounces, the seeds of
5

CulpeperJ] This is
good against the fall- Lettice, the flowers of Violets, of each one
?

boil them in eight pints of water till

ing-sickness, Megrim, Head-ache, Vertigo, ounce, \

or swimming in the head, and if these be! the virtue is out of the heads; then strain
occasioned by the stomach as many times! them, and with four pounds of sugar boil
they are, it helps the lungs obstructed by the liquor to a Syrup,
j

humour, and is good for women not well| Syrup of Poppies, the greater composition.
cleansed after labour, it
opens the passage \ College.'] Take of the heads of both
of the womb. \
white and black Poppies, seeds and all, of
Syrup of Purslain. Mesue. each
\ fifty drams, Maiden-hair, fifteen drains,

College.']
Take of the seeds of Purslain Liquorice, five drams, Jujubes, thirty by
\

bruised, half a pound, of the juice of number, Lettice seeds, forty drams, of the
j

kidive, boiled and clarified, two pounds, seeds of Mallows and Quinces, (tied up in
Grossly j

Sugar two pounds, Vinegar nine ounces, a thin linen cloth) of each one dram and
|

infuse the seeds in the juice of Endive an half, boil these in eight pints of water
|

twenty-four hours, afterwards boil it half j till five pints be consumed, when you have
away with a gentle fire, then strain it, and strained out the three pints remaining, add
|

boil it with the sugar to the consistence ofito them, Penids and white sugar, of each
a Syrup, adding the Vinegar towards the! a pound, boil them into a Syrup according
latter end of the decoction. I to art.

CtdpeperJ] It is a pretty cooling Syrup, i CulpeperJ] All these former Syrups of

fit for any hot disease incident to the Poppies provoke sleep, but in that, I desire
j

stomach, reins, bladder, matrix, or liver j they may be used with a great deal of cau-
;

it thickens
flegm, cools the blood, and pro-jtion and wariness: such as these are not
vokes sleep. You may take an ounce of it -fit to be given in the beginning of fevers,
at a time when you have occasion. nor to such whose bodies are costive, yet to
|

Compound Syrup of Colt's-foot. Renod. j such

as are troubled with hot, sharp rheums,
College.'] Take six handfuls of green you may safely give them The last is ap-
j
:

Colt's-tbot, two handfuls of Maiden-hair, propriated to the lungs It prevails against

i
;

one handful of Hyssop, and two ounces of dry coughs, phthisicks, hot and sharp gnaw-
j

Liquorice, boil them in four pints, either of ing rheums, and provokes sleep.
|
It is an
rain or spring water till the fourth part be usual fashion for nurses when they have
i

consumed, then strain it, and clarify it, to! heated their milk by exercise or strong liquor
which add three pounds of white sugar, then run for Syrup of Poppies to make
5

boil it to the perfect consistence of a Syrup, their young ones sleep. I would fain have
j

CulpeperJ] The composition is appro- j that fashion left off, therefore I forbear the

priated to the lungs, and therefore helps the dose \Let nurses keep their own bodies
:
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 311

temperate, and their children will

sleep the sun, or the
:
fire, that it is capable ol
well enough. being kept safe from putrefaction. 2. Its
j

Svrup of Eupatorium (or Maudlin.) Mesue. fuse was first invented for diseases in the
College.']
Take of the Roots of Smallage, mouth. 3. It is usually made, in respect
Fennel, and Succory, of each two ounces, of body, somewhat thicker than new Honey.
Liquorice, Schaenanth, Dodder, Worm- 4. It may be kept about a year, little more
wood, Roses, of each six drams, Maiden- or less.
hair, Bedeguar, or instead thereof, the roots Rob sive Sapa, simplex.
of Carduus Mariae, Suchaha or instead Or Simple Rob, or Sapa.
thereof the roots of Avens, .the flowers or| College.']
Take of Wine newly pressed
roots of Bugloss, Annis seeds, sweet Fennel from white and ripe Grapes, boil it over a
!

seeds, Ageratum, or Maudlin, of each five gentle fire to the thickness of Honey,
j

drams, Rhubarb, Mastich, of each three! Culpeper.~] Whenever you read the
drams, Spikenard, Indian leaf, or instead of word Rob, or Sapa throughout the Dispen-
j

it
put Roman spike, of each two drams, isatory, simply quoted in any medicine with-
boil them in eight pints of Water till the out any relation of what it should be made,
third part be consumed, then strain the this is that you ought to use.
Decoction, and with four pounds of sugar, Rob de Barberis.
clarified juice of Smallage and Endive, of! Or Rob of Barberries,
each half a pound, boil it into a Syrup. College.'] Take of the juice of Barberries
j

Culpeper.'] It amends infirmities of the j

strained as much as you will, boil it by it-

liver comingofcold,opensobstructions,helps self Cor else

by adding halt a
pound of sugar
the dropsy, and evil slate of the body ; it to each pound of juice) to the thickness of
extenuates gross humours, strengthens the Honey.
liver, provokes urine, and is a present sue- \ Culpeper .] It quenches thirst, closes
cour for hypocondriac melancholy. You | the mouth of the stomach, thereby staying
may take an ounce at a time in the morning, vomiting, and belching, it strengthens
j

it
opens but purges not. stomachs weakened by heat, and procures
' j

Honey of Emblicks.
Augustanus. appetite. Of any of these Robs you may
1

College!] Take fifty Emblick My robalans, jtake a little on the point of a knife when
bruise them and boil them in three pints of* you need.
water till two be consumed, strain it, and Rob de Cerasis.
with the like weight of Honey, boil it into Or Rob of Cherries.
a Syrup. College^] Take of the juice of red
Culpeper.'] a fine gentle purger both Cherries somewhat sbwerish, as much as
It is

of flegm and melancholy it strengthens the you will, and with half their weight in sugai
:

brain and nerves, and senses both internal boil them like the former.
and external, helps tremblings of the heart, CulpeperJ] See the virtue of Cherries ;
slays vomiting, provokes appetite. You j and there you have a method to keep them
may take a spoonful at a time. [all the year.
"
Rob de Cornis.
Or Rob of Cornels.
Take of
the juice of Cornels
ROB, OR SAPA : AND
JUICES. College."]
itwo pounds, sugar a pound and an half
Culpeper.']
1. Rob, or Sapa, is the juice! boil it according to art.
of a fruit, made thick by the heat either of * Culpeper.'] Of these Cornel trees -ire
4L
312 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
two sorts, male and female, the fruit of the Betony, only in the last, the sugar and juice
j
male Cornel, or Cornelian Cherry is here to must be equal in weight.5

Be used. The fruit of male Cornel, binds Sncci/s Gtyoyrrhizce simplex.

j

exceedingly, and therefore good in fluxes, Or Juice of Liquorice simple,

j

and the immoderate flowing of the menses. College] Infuse Liquorice Roots cleansed
$

Rob Cydoniorum. land gently bruised, three days in Spring

Or Rob of Quinces. Water, so much that it may ovei-top the
j

Take of the clarified juice of roots the breadlh of three fingers, then boil
College.'] |

a little and P ress ll hard out, and boil the

Quinces, boil it till two parts be consumed if j .

and with its equal weight in sugar boil liquor with a gentle fire to its due thickness.
it;
into a Rob. Culpepcr.~] It is vulgarly known to be
.-.-.-
ir
jl2n/a ve/
/ n / T*
Gelatina Eorundem. ;
\&
good against
P coughs,
c
colds,
, ,
etc. and a
siren gthner ot the lungs.
n
Ur T 11
Jelly otf n '

Quinces.
5

SMCC//S Glmiirrlnzce composites.

Take of
the juice of Quinces
College] Qr Juice of L quorice compound,
i
clarified twelve pounds, hoi it half away,
College^ Take of the water of tender
and add to the remamder old white Wine 5 O akleaves,of Scabious, of each four pounds,
five pounds, consume the third part over a
E Ush Liquoric e scraped and bruised two
gentle fire, taking away the scum (all you
ought) let the rest settle, and strain it, and
j

j
| ^
J oft then
boil them b d rees tin th
QUt the 1{
bc
stronglj in
with three pounds of sugar boil it accord- -

j
a presS) to which add three pounds ot juice
ing to art. I ^ jjy SSO p 5 anci c] r y it away in the sun in a
Cidpcper] Both are good for weak and broad eanhen vessd |

indisposed stomachs. Culpepcr.] The virtues are the same with

College.] Rob of sour Plums is made as ^ former \

Rob of Quinces, the use of sugar is indif-

ferent in them both
Pronorum j ^^
Or Juice of Sloes?
Sylvestrum.
called Acacia.
Rob of English Currants is made in the
Take of Sloes
Collese.]J hardly ripe,
same manner, let the juice be clarified. he
:
and make thick in a
| ess Out t uice? it

Culpeper.] The virtues are the same with batn

Rob of Barberries.
It stops fluxes, and procures
Culpeper]
Rob Baccarum Sambuci appetite.
Or Rob of Elder Berries. College] So are the Juices of Worm-
College.] Take of the juice of Elder wood, Maudlin, and Fumitory made thick,
j
Berries, and make it thick with the help of to wit, the herbs bruised while they be
|

a gentle fire, either by itself, or a quarter of tender, and the juice pressed out and after
j
its
weight in sugar being added. jit bc clarified, boil over the fire
to its just

Culpeper] Both Rob of Elder Berries, | thickness,

and Dwarf-Elder, are excellent for such;
whose bodies are inclining to dropsies,;
neither let -them neglect nor despise
it.j LOH OCH, OR ECLEGMATA
ihey may take the quantity or a nutmeg |

each morning, it will gently purge the watery Cidpeper.] Because this word also is un-
;

humour. derstood but by few, we will first explain

;

College] In the same manner is made! what it is. 1. The word Lohoch is an Ara-
Rob of Dwarf- Elder, Junipers, and Paul's bick word, called in Greek Eclegma, in
5
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3J8
Latin Linctus, and signifies a thing to be troubled with
pleurises to take now and then
j
licked up. 2. It is in
respect of body, a little of it. ;

something thicker than a Syrup, and not so Lohoch e Passulis.

!

thick as an electuary. 3. Its use was Or Lohoch of Raisins,

j

against the roughness of the windpipe, dis-j College.] Take of male Peony roots,
eases, and inflammations of the lungs, dif- Liquorice, of each half an ounce,
\
Hyssop,'
ficulty of breathing, colds, coughs, &c. i Bawrn, Hart's-tongue, or Cetrach, of each'
4. Its manner of reception is with a Liquo- j half a handful, boil them in
Spring Water,
rice stick, bruised at the end, to take up and them and
| press strongly, by adding a'
some and retain it in the mouth, till it melt pound of Raisins bruised, boil it
i

again,
of its own accord. pressing it through a linen cloth, then with
;

Lohoch de Farfara. a pound of white sugar, make it into a

|

Or Lohoch of Coltsfoot. < Lohoch according to art.

College.-] Takeof Colts-foot roots cleans-

of
1 7
the
P^^O
er J g ood a
and
Xt s
nst coughs,
gf other
vices
j
ed eight ounces, Marsh-mallow roots four consumptions I
lungs,
of the breast, and is usually given to chil-
ounces cleansed, boil them in a sufficient
dren for such diseases,' as also for convul-
UIt
quantity of water, and press the pulp out S1Ons and
falling-sickness.
'

.^ T
through a sieve, dissolve this again in the
'

j /w K
Decoction, and let it boil once or twice,
l

\ ^ T ^ f"
then take it from the fire, and add two* n Vr'r ^-
Colle e -l Take of Pine-nuts, fifteen drams,
,

pounds of white sugar, Honey of Raisins !

/
Hazel Nuts gently roasted
fourteen ounces, juice of Liquorice two jsweet Almonds,
drams and an half, stir them stoutly with a
Gum A:T
!
a blck and Tra gacanth, powder and
100 " f Liquorice white Starch Maidcn-
wooden pestle, mean season sprinkle in Saf-lf
frcn and Cloves, of each a scruple,
* -
mon and Mace, of each two scruples, make n iur\>
h
Cinna-! r^nlr^
T' f\r
-^ 1,^.
>

1
liitc
of Dates seventeen
"'
5l
^
roots of each tw
cAir^nri^^n
" ra
dtan
riroti-ic
"'
I
drams,
Almonds one dram and an half, Honey ol
j
'

KiM^t.
"'" bitter '
, ^.^
thpm T-ohnrh arrnrHina
them into a Lohoch according to
ti art.
r...

Raisins, white Sugar-candy, fresh Butter, of

Culpcper.'] It was invented for the cough.
each two ounces, Honey one pound and an
Lohoch de Papaverc.
half, dissolve the Gums
much Decoc- in so
Or Lohoch of Poppies. on O f Maiden-hair
ti as is sufficient let the ;
|

College.'] Take while Poppy seeds twenty rest be mixed over a gentle fire, and stirred,
four drams, sweet Almonds blanched in that so it may be made into a Lohoch.
Rose Water, Pine-nuts cleansed, Gum Ara- Cidpeper.-] The medicine is excellent for
bick and Tragacanth, of each ten drams, \ continual coughs, and difficulty of breath-
juice of Liquorice an ounce, Starch three \ ing, it succours such as are asthmatic, for it
drams, the seeds of Lettuce, Purslain, j cuts and atenuates tough humours in the
Quinces, of each half an ounce, Saffron a | breast.
dram, Penids four ounces, Syrup of Mcco- i Lohoch de Portulaca.
nium three pounds, make it into a Lohoch |
Or Lohoch of Purslain.
according to art. i
College^] Take of the strained Juice o
Cidpeper^] It helps salt, Purslain two pounds, Troches of Terra
sharp and thin 5

distillations upon the lungs, it allays the j Le/nw'atwo drains, Troches ofAmber, Gun,,

fury of such sharp humours, which occasion Arabic. Dragon's-blood of each one dram,
i

both roughness of the throat, want of sleep, | Lapis Hematilis, the wool of a Hare toasted,
and fevers; it is excellent for such as are \ of each two scruples, white Sugar one
314 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
pound, mix them together, that so you may I Lohoch Scilliticum.
make a Lohoch of them. Or Lohoch of Squils.
Culpeper.] The medicine so bindingis \
College^ Take three drams of a Squil
that it is better let alone than taken, unless * baked in paste, Orris Roots two drams,
ininward bruises when men spit blood, then Hyssop, Bore-hound, of each one dram.
j

you may safely take a little of it. Saffron, Myrrh, of each half a dram, Honey
!

two ounces and an half, bruise the Squil,

Lohoch e Pulmone Vulpis.

^^H
|

/-v T T. L f T< T ? after baked, in a stone mortar, and after

it is
Or Lohoch of Fox Lungs. k hath boijed & wa]m Qrtwo
Take of Fox Lungs rightly
College.} j
put in the rest of the thi in powder?
prepared, juice of Liquorice, Maiden-hair, I diligently stirring it, and make it into a
Annis-seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, of each Lohoch according; to art.5

equal parts, Sugar dissolved in Cclt's-foot, Eclegma of Squils. j Mesue.

and Scabious Water, and boiled into a Take of the
College:] j juice of Squils
Syrup, three tirnes their weight; the rest| and Honey, both of them clarified, of earh
being m
fine powder, let them be put to it two
pounds? boil them together according
and strongly stirred together, that it may be? to art to the consistence of
Honey,
made into a Lohoch according to art. For the virtues of it see Vine-
Culpeper.]
Culpeper] It cleanses and unites ulcers gar of Squils, and Oximel of Squils, only
m the lungs and breast, and is a present this is more mi
d> and not so harsh to the
| |

remedy in phthisicks. throat, because it hath no Vinegar in it, and

|

Lohoch sanum et Expert urn. therefore is far more fitting for Asthmaes,
Or a sound and well experienced Lohoch. and such as are troubled with difficulty of
College^ Take of dried Hyssop and! breathing,
it cuts and carries away humours
Calaminth, of each half an ounce, Jujubes, from the :
breast, be they thick or thin, and
Sebestens, the stones being taken out, fifteen wonderfully helps indigestion of victuals,
|

Raisins of the Sun stoned, fat Figs, Dates, and eases pains in the breast, and for this,
j

of each two ounces, Linseed, Fenugreek 1 quote the authority of Galen.

1

seed, of each five drams, Maiden-hair one Lohoch of Coleworts. Gordonius.

'

handful, Annis-seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, \ College.] Take one pound of the juice
Orris Roots cut, Liquorice, Cinnamon, of of Coleworts, clarified Saffron three drams,
;

each an ounce, boil them according to art "[clarified Honey, and Sugar, of each half a
in four pounds of clear water till half be pound, make of them a Lohoch according
consumed, and with two pounds of Penids to art.
boil it into a Syrup, afterwards cut and Culpeper.] It helps hoarseness, and loss
bruise very small Pine-nuts five drams, sweet of voice, eases surfeitsand head-ache coming
Almonds blanched, Liquorice, Gum Tra- of drunkenness, and opens obstructions of
gacanth and Arabick, white Starch of each the liver and spleen, and therefore is good
three drams, let these be put into the Syrup for that disease in children called the rickets
when it is off the fire, and stir it about
swiftly with a wooden pestle till it look white.
It succors the breast, lungs,
Culpeper.] PRESERVED ROOTS, STALKS.
throat, oppressed by cold, it .restores the
voice lost by reason or' co'd, ard attenuates
BARKS, FLOWERS, FRUITS.
thick and gross humours in the breast and j College.] Take of Eringo Roots as many
lungs. \ as you will, cleanse them without and within.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 315

the pith being taken out, steep them two then

j having pulped them through a sieve,
days in clear water, shifting the water some- 1 that they a're free from the stones, boil it
times, then dry them with a cloth, then again in an earthen vessel over a gentle fire,
i

take their equal weight in white Sugar, and | often

stirring them for fear of burning, till
as much Rose-water as will make it into a} the watery humour be consumed, then mix

Syrup, which being almost boiled, put in ten

pounds of sugar with six pounds of this
j

the roots, and let them boil until the raois- pulp, boil it to its due thickness. Broom
j

lure be consumed, and let it be brought to j buds are also preserved, but with brine and
the due body of a Syrup. Not much un- vinegar, and so are Olives and Capers,
|

like to this are preserved the roots of Acorus, Lastly,

I
Amongst the Barks, Cinnamon,
Angelica, Borrage, Bugloss, Succory, Ele- amongst the flowers, Roses, and Marigolds,
j

campane, Burnet, Satyrion, Sicers, Comfrey amongst the fruits, Almonds, Cloves, Pine-
*

the greater, Ginger, Zedoary. Take of the 'nuts, and Fistick-nuts, are said to be pre-
stalks of Artichokes, not too ripe, as many ! served but with this difference,
they are
as you will, and (contrary to the roots) take encrusted with dry
\
sugar, and are more
only the pith of these, and preserve them called confects than preserves,
i

with their equal weight in sugar, like thej

former. So is prepared the stalks of*
&c
before they be
Angelica, Burs, Lettuce,
too ripe, lake or rresh j
CONSERVES AND SUGARS,
Orange pihs asj
many as you will, take away the exterior! College.'] Conserves of the herbs of
yellowness, and steep them in spring water j
Worm wood, Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, the flowers
three days at the leasf, often renewing the of
j Oranges, Borrage, Bugloss, Bettony,
water, then preserve them like the former. -Marigolds, the Tops of Carduus, the Flowers
In like manner are Lemon and Citron pills of Centaury the less, Clove-gilliflowers,
|

preserved. Preserve the flowers of Citrons, Germander, Succory, the Leaves of Scurvy-
\

Oranges, Borrage, Primroses, with Sugar, grass, the flowers of Comfrey the greater,
?

uccording to art. Take of Apricots as Citratiffi, Cinosbati, the roots of Spurge,

many as you will, take away the outer skin Hierbs and flowers of Eye-bright, the tops
and the stones, and mix them Avith their t of Fumitory, Goat's-rue, the flowers of
like weight in sugar, after four hours take Broom not quite open, Hyssop, Lavender,
|

them out, and boil the Sugar without any j white Lilies, Lilies of the Valley, Marjoram,
other Liquor, then put them in again, and \ Mallows, the tops of Bawm, the leaves of
boil them a little. Other Fruits may be j Mints, the flowers of Water Lilies, red
preserved in the same manner, or at Poppies, Peony, Peaches, Primroses, Roses,
|

least not much unlike to it, as whole Bar- the leaves of Rue, the flowers of Sage, Elder
j

berries, Cherries, Cornels, Citrons, Quinces, Scabious, the leaves of Scordium, the
j

Peaches, common Apples, the five sorts of flowers of Limetree, Coltsfoot, Violets, with
j

Myrobalans, Hazel Nuts, Walnuts, Nut- jail these are conserves made with their treble
megs, Raisins of the Sun, Pepper brought proportion of white sugar yet note, that
\ ;

from India, Plums, garden and wild of them must not be mixed alike, some
jail
f-een
ears, Grapes. Pulps are also preserved, j of them must be cut, beaten, and gently
as Barberries, Cassia Fistula, Citrons, boiled, some neither cut, beaten nor boiled
:

Cinosbatus, Quinces, and Sloes, &c. Take land some admit but one of them, which
01 Barberries as many as you will, boil every artist in his trade may find out by
j
them in spring water till they are tender, this premonition and avoid error.
j
4 M
316 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
; Culpeper.] The title shews you the vir-

cTjr- AT?C
i5U*.TAl\O. jtues of it.
n 7 -r. ,
Saccharum Pemdium,
Diacodium Solidum, sive Tabitlatum. Or Sugar Penids
College.']
Take of white Poppy heads, Are prepared of sugar dis-
j College.]
meanly ripe, and newly gathered, twenty, j solved in spring water by a gentle fire, and
steep them in three pounds of warm spring! the whites of Eggs diligently beaten, and
water, and the next day boil them until the : clarified once, and again whilst it is
boiling,
virtue is out, then strain out tlie liquor, and then : strain it and boil it
gently again, til)
with a sufficient quantity of good sugar, lit rise up in great bubbles, and being chewed
boil it
according to art, that you may make j
it stick not to your teeth, then pour it
upon
it
up into Lozenges. |a marble, anointed with oil of Almonds,
Culpeper. The virtues are the same with j (let the bubbles first sink, after it is removed
the common Diacodium, viz. to provoke j
from the fire) bring back the outsides of it
sleep, and help thin rheums in the head, \to the middle till it look like Larch rosin,
coughs, and roughness of the throat, and | then, your hands being rubbed with white
may easily be carried about in one's pocket, j starch, you may draw it into threads eithej
Saccharum tabula turn simplex, etperlatum. \
short or long, thick or thin, and let it cool
Or Lozenges of Sugar both simple and in what form you please.
i

pearled. Cutpcper.~\ I remember country people

College^] The first is made by pouring were wont to take them
; and they for coughs,
the sugar upon a marble, after a sufficient! are sometimes used in other compositions,
boiling in half its weight in Damask Rose- ConfecHo de Thure.
Water And the latter by adding
: to every Or Confection of Frankincense,
pound of the former towards the latter end College.'] Take Coriander seeds prepared
j

of the decoction, Pearls, prepared and half an ounce, Nutmegs, white Frankin-
j

bruised, half an ounce, with eight or ten cense, of each three drams, Liquorice,
i

leaves of gold. Mastich, of each two drams, Cubebs, Hart's-

j

Culpcper.~] It is
naturally cooling, ap- horn prepared, of each one dram, conserve
propriated to the heart, it restores lost of Red roses an ounce, white Sugar as much
|

strength, takes away burning fevers } and j as is sufficient to make it into mean bits,
false imaginations, (I mean that with Pearls, Culpeper .] 1 cannot boast much of the
\

for that without Pearls is ridiculous) it hath rarity nor virtues of this receipt,
\

the same virtues Pearls have. Saccharum Rosatum.

Saccharum Tabulatum compositum. Or Sugar of Roses.
Or Lozenges of Sugar compound. !
College.']
Take of red Rose eaves, the
College] Take of choice Rhubarb four -whites being cut off, and speedily dried in
scruples, Agarick Trochiscated, Corallins, the sun an ounce, white Sugar a pound,
>

burnt Hart's-horn, Dittany of Crete, Worm- 1 melt the Sugar in Rose-water and juice <>(
seed and Sorrel seed, of each a scruple, Roses of each two ounces which being con-
j

Cinnamon, Zedoary, Cloves, Saffron, of each sumed by degrees, put in the Rose leaves in
:

half a scruple, white Sugar a pound, dis-i powder, mix them, put it upon a marble,
solved in four ounces of Wormwood Water, and make it into Lozenges according to art
*

Wormwood Wine, an ounce, Cinnamon Culpeper."] j

As for the virtues of this, it
Water a spoonful, with the fo renamed pow-i strengthens weak stomachs, weak nearts,
ders make it into Lozenges according to art. and weak brains, restores such as are in
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3(7

consumptions, restores lost

strength, staye \
oriential Bezoar, ofeach half an ounce,
fluxes, eases pains in the head, ears and of the black
powder tops of Crab's claws'
eyes, helps spitting, vomiting, and urining : the weight of them all, beat them into pow-
of blood ; it is a fine commodity for a man der, which may be made into balls with
i

in a consumption to carry about with him,

j
jelly, and the skins which our vipers have
and eat now and then a bit. cast off, warily dried and
kept for use.
;

_____ Culpeper.] This is that powder they

I
ordinarily call Gascoigns powder, there are
SPECIES, OR POWDERS. divers receipts of it, of which this is none
of the worst, four, or five, or six
\
grains is
Aromaticiim Caryophyllatum. J excellently
good n a fever to be taken n a n v
i
i

College.']
Take of Cloves seven drams, \ cordial, for it cheers the heart and vital
Mace, Zedoary, Galanga the less, yellow j spirits exceedingly, and makes them 5m-
Sanders, Troches, Diarrhodon, Cinnamon, pregnable. !

wood of Aloes, Indian Spikenard, long Species Cordiales Temperate.

j

Pepper, Cardamoms the less, of each a dram, i

College.] Take of wood of Aloes, Spodiurn
Red Roses four ounces, Gallia Moschata, j of each a dram, Cinnamon, Cloves, bone of
Liquorice, of each two drams, of Indian a Stag's-heart, the roots of Angelica, Avens,
|

leaf, Cubebs of each two scruples, beat them j and Tormentil, of each a dram and an hall'
all diligently into powder. Pearls prepared six drams, raw Silk toasterl,
j

Culpeper.] This powder strengthens the }

both sorts of Coral of each two drams,
heart and stomach, helps digestion, expels Jacinth, Emerald, Samphire, of each half a
wind, stays vomiting, and cleanses the dram, Saffron a scruple, the leaves of gold
stomach of putrified humors. :and
1*1 f* i
of each ten,
'

1.1
make them into
silver,
Aromaticiim Rosatum. powder according to art,
College.] Take of Red Roses exungu- j Culpeper] It is a great cordial, a great
lated fifteen drams, Liquorice seven drams, | strengthener of the heart, and brain.
Wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, of each ; Diacalaminthe Simple.
three drams, Cinnamon five drams, Cloves,? College.'] Take of Mountain Calaminth,
Mace, of each two drams and an half, Gum j Pennyroyal, Origanum,
the seeds of Mace-
Arabic and Tragacanlh, of each eight donian Parsley, common Parsley, and
|

scruples, Nutmegs, Cardamoms the less, Hartwort, of each two drams, the seeds of
i

Galanga of each one dram, Indian Spike- Smallage, the tops of Thyme of each half
\

nard two scruples, make it into a powder to an ounce, the seeds of Lovage, black
i

be kept in a glass for use. ;

Pepper, of each an ounce, make them into
Culpeper.] It strengthens the brain, powder according to art.
heart and stomach, and all such internal :
Culpeper.] It heats and comforts cold
members as help towards decoction, it helps j bodies, cuts thick and gross flegm, provokes
digestion, consumes the watery excrements \ urine and the menses.
I confess this differs
of the bowels, strengthens such as are pined something from Galen, but is better for oui
j

away by reason of the violence of a disease, j bodies in my opinion than his. It expels
and restores such as are in consumption. \
wind exceedingly, you may take half a
Pulvus ex chelus Cancrontm compositus. ! dram of the powder at a time. There is
Or Powder of Crab's claws compound, j
nothing surer than that all their powders
College.] Take of Pearls prepared,
Crab's will keep better in Electuaries than they

eyes, red Coral, white Amber, Hart's-horn, will in powders,

* and into such a body, you
318 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
may make itwith two pound and an half of ounce,
|
Sugar-candy, Diatragacanthum
f'rigidum, of each two drams, make them
\vhite dissolved in rose water. I
sugar
Diacalamintha compound. \
into powder.
College.']
Take of Diacalamintha simple, i

Culpeper I] I do not mean the Diatraga-

half an ounce, the leaves of Horehound, canthum frigidum, for that is in powder
Marjoram, Bawm, Mugwort, Savin dried, before. It comforts the breast, is good in
s

of each a dram, Cypress roots, the seeds of colds, coughs, and hoarseness.
5 You may
Maddir and Rue, Mace, Cinnamon, of each mix it with any pectoral Syrups which are
j

two scruples, beat them and mix them appropriated to the same, diseases, and so
diligently into a powder according to art. \
take it with a Liquorice stick.
Culpepei .] This seems to be more ap- ; Dialacca.
propriated to the feminine gender than thej College. Take of Gum-lacca, prepared
former, viz. to bring down the terms, to j
Rhubarb, Schaenanth, of each three drams,
bring away the birth, and after-birth, to ; Indian Spikenard, Mastich, the juice of
purge them after labour, yet it is dangerous ! Wormwood and Agrimony, made thick, the
for pregnant women. $ seeds of Smallage, Annis, Fennel, Amrni,
Dianisum. \ Savin, bitter Almonds, Myrrh, Costus, or
College.~\ Take of Annis seeds two j
Zedoary, the roots of Maddir, Asarabacca,
ounces and an half, Liquorice, Mastich, of \
Birth wort long and round, Gentian, Saffron,
each an ounce, the seeds of Caraway, Fen- i
Cinnamon, dried Hyssop, Cassia Lignea,
nel, Galanga, Mace, Ginger, Cinnamon, of i Bdellium, of each a dram and an half, black
each five drams, the three sorts of Pepper, \ Pepper, Ginger, of each a dram, make them
Cassia Lignea, mountain Calaminth, Pel- i into powder according to art.
litory of Spain, of each two drams, Carda-j Culpeper.~\ It strengthens the stomach
moms the greater, Cloves, Cubebs, Indian and liver, opens obstructions, helps dropsies,
:

Spikenard, Saffron, of each a dram and an yellow jaundice, provokes urine, breaks
|

half, make them into powder. the stone in the reins and bladder.
\ Half a
Culpeper.'] It is chiefly
appropriated to dram
\
is a moderate dose, if the patient be
the stomach, and helps the cold infirmities strong they may take a dram in white Wine,
.i

thereof, raw, flegm, wind, continual coughs, Let pregnant women forbear it.
;

and other such diseases coining of cold, i Pulvis Cardiacus Magistrate.

You may safely take a dram of the electuary i
College.~\ Take of East Bezoar, bone of
at a time. You may make an electuary of a Stag's-heart, of each a dram and an half,
j

it with its treble

weight of clarified Honey. Magisterium, of white and red Coral, white
|

Pulvis Radicum Art composicus. Amber, Magisterium of Pearl, HartVhorn,

j

Or Powder of Aron Roots compound. -Ivory, Bole-amoniac, Earth of Germany,

College.'] Take
of Aron Roots two ounces, jSamos and Lemnos, ElkVclaw. TormentiJ
of common Water Flag, and Burnet, of each roots, of each a dram, Wood of Aloes,
\

one ounce, Crab's eyes, half an ounce, Citron peels, the roots of Angelica and
|

Cinnamon three drams, salt of Wormwood, Zedoary, of each two scruples, leaves of
j

and Juniper, of each one dram, make them Gold twenty, Ambergris one scruple, Musk
^

into powder. 5 six grains, mix them and make them into

Culpeper.'] And when you have done powder. i

tell me Avhat it is It is too dear for a vulgar

good for. Culpeper,.]I

Diaireos simple. \ purse, yet a mighty cordial and great

College.] Take of Orris roots half an | strengthener of the heart and vitals in fevers.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
Diamargaritonfrigidiim. I the electuary, two drams is the dose: The
College.] Take of the four greater cold jtime of taking it is, in the morning fasting,
seeds, the seeds of Purslain, white Poppies, Diamoachii Amanim
j

I/iulive, Sorrel, Citrons, the three Sanders, j College.'] Is prepared by adding to tbc
Wood of Aloes, Ginger, red Roses exun- I forenamed
Wormwood, dried Roses, of each
gulated, the flowers of Water-lilies, Bug- j three drams, Aloes half an ounce, Cinnamon

loss, Violets, the berries of Mirtles, bone in two drams and an half, Castonum and
|
a Stag'sh eart, Ivory, Contra yerva, Cinna- \
I/ovage, of each one dram, inane them into
in on of each one dram, both sorts of Coral, \ powder.
of each half a dram, Pearls three drams, j Culpeper.] Besides the virtues of thv
Camphire six grains, make them into
pow-^ former, it
purges the stomach of piurified
der according to art.Observe that the four humours. i

greater cold seeds, and the Poppy seeds, j Specia Diaiitluia.

are not to be added before the powder be; College.~] Take of Rosemary flowers an
required by physician for use. so Do by jounce, Boses, Violets, Liquorice, of
red
the other powder in the composition of j each six drams, Cloves, Indian Spikenard,
which these powders are used. Nutmegs, Galanga, Cinnamon, Ginger,
;

Culpeper.] Authors hold it to be re- Zedoary,' Mace, Wood of Aloes, Carda-

\

as] moms the less, the seeds of Dill and Anis,

storative in consumptions, to help such
are in hectic fevers, to restore strength lost, | of each four scruples, make them into pow-
to help coughs, asthmaes, and consump- \ der according to art.
tions of the lungs, and restore such as have Culpeper.~] It strengthens the heart and
laboured long under languishing or pining helps the passions thereof, it causes a joyful
i

diseases. and cheerful mind, and strengthens such as

\

Diamoschu Dulce. have been weakened by long sickness, it

\

Take of Saffron, Galanga, Zedoary, strengthens cold stomachs, and helps diges-
:

Wood of Aloes, Mace, of each .two drams, | tion notably. The dose is half a dram, you
Pearls, raw Silk toasted, white Amber, red may make it into an electuary with honey,
!

Coral prepared, Gallia Moschata, Bazil, of land take two drams of that at a time,
each two d rams and an half, Ginger, Cubebs, \ Diapendion.
Long Pepper, of each a dram and an half,; College."] Take of Penides two ounces,
Nutmegs, Indian leaf or Cinnamon, Cloves, Pine-nuts, sweet Almonds blanched, white
5

of each one dram, Musk two scruples, make Poppy seeds, of each three drams and a,
\

them into powder according to art. scruple, (Cinnamon, Cloves, Ginger, which
|

Culpeper."] It wonderfully helps cold three being omitted, it is a Diapendion

j

afflictions of the brain, that come without without spices) juice of Liquorice, Gum
j

a fever, melancholy and its attendants, viz. Tragacanth and Arabic, white Starch, the
j

sadness without a cause, vertigo or dizinessjfour greater cold seeds husked, of each a
in the head, falling-sickness, palsies, resolu-jdram and an half, Camphire seven grains,
tion of the nerves, convulsions, heart-qualms, make them into powder,
afflictions of the lungs, and difficulty of It helps the vices of the
Culpeper.~]
The dose of the powder is half breast,
coughs, colds, hoarseness, and con-
breathing.
a dram, or two scruples, or less; according sumptions of the lungs, as also such a& spit
to the age or strength of him or her that matter. ; You may mix it with any pectoral
takes it. Mesue appoints it to be made into; syrup, and take it with a Liquorice stick,
an electuary with clarified honey, and of if you fancy the powder best, but if the
i

4 N
 320 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
electuary,you may take a dram of it upon Cucumbers and Gourds, of each two drams, i

a knife's point at any time when the cough Penids three ounces, Camphire half a |

comes. scruple, make of them a powder according |

Diarrhodon Abbalis to art. Also you .may make an electuary

j

CoUtfff^
Take of Sanders white and of them with a sufficient quantity of Syrup
|

red, of each two drams and an half, Gum of Violets, but have a care of what was told j

Tragacanlh, Anibic, Ivory of each two you before of the seeds,

scruples. Asarabacca roots, Mastich, Indian CidpeperJ] Make up into an electuary. |

Spikenard, Cardamoms, Liquorice, Saffron, It helps the faults of the breast and lungs \

Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Gallia Moschala, coming of heat and dryness, it helps con- \

Annis and sweet Fennel seeds, Cinnamon, sumptions, leanness, inflammations of the ;

Rhubarb, Bazil seeds, Barberry seeds, the sides, pleurises, &c. hot and dry coughs, \

seeds of Succory, Purslain, the four greater roughness of the tongue and jaws j

cold seeds cleansed, white Poppy seeds, of

j
Diatnon Pipenon.
eacn a scruple, Pearls, bone of a Stags-heart i
n v
-i
e
ofr the three
, ,
.,
Jake sorts of
a scruple, redIT,
c i/> i i i Lollege.\
J
or each hair Roses exun- *
^ ,.
l i , .

^ Peppers, of each six drams and fifteen

'
. , :
.,
,
gulated, one ounce and three drains, Cam- J ,
P1 c r

<>;rams, Anms seeds, ihyme, Ginger, or each

<-,- ,

phire seven grains, make them into powder?

, I
,1
I
one dram, beat them into gross powder.
i , i

according to
r, ,
-i
art.
-,. , c\ .,
,
,
^ .

Lulpcver.l
T -,
.

It ncats the stomach and

, ,
,

Culpepe)\\
l J
the violent heat iifj
It cools LJ ir
, , , tl ,. \ ,.
expels wind. Half n dram in lpowder,' or
i i

the heart and stomach, as also or the liver, \

,
.

two drams in electuary IC ^

so Galen who
, ,

noc/-m r\oi nc i r rho u

J
In n ffc n ii t\ ci-\l^rn
,
Kr^H \r J (for
\
lungs, and spleen, eases pains in the body, was author of it, appoints it to be mach
and most infirmities coming to the body by with clarified honey, a sufficient quantity)
reason of heat. The dose of the powder is
if age and strength permit, if notj half so
half a dram, and two ounces of the elec-
much, is a sufficient dose, to be taken be-
tuary, into which with sugar dissolved in fore meat, if to heat the stomach and help
Rose-water you may make it.
digestion ; after meat, if to expel wind.
Diospoliticum.
Take of Cummin seeds steeped Diatnon Santalon.
College^]
in vinegar and dried, long Pepper, Rue) College.^ Take of all the sorts of Sanders,
leaves, of each an ounce, Nitre half an j red Roses, of each three drams, Rhubarb,
ounce, make them into powder. Ivory, Juice of Liquorice, Purslain seeds, |

Culpeptr.~] It is an admirable remedy of each two drams and fifteen grains, white
j
for such whose meat is putrified in their Starch, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, the seeds |

stomachs, it helps cold stomachs, cold of Melons, Cucumbers, Citmls, Gourds, |

belchings and windy. You may take half Endive, of each a dram and an half, Cam- I

a dram
after meat, either in a spoonful of 5
phire a scruple, make them into powder
Muskadel, or in a Syrup of Mir ties or { according to art.

Quinces, or any Cordial Water whose effects j Culpeper.~\ It is very profitable against
isthe same. i the heat of the stomach and liver, besides,
Species Diatrugacanthi frigidi. \ it wonderfully
helps such as have the yellow
College.'] Take of Gum
Tragacanth two jaundice, and consumptions of the lungs, |

ounces, Gum Arabic an ounce and two You may safely take a dram of the powder,
j

drains, whiteStarch half an ounce, Liquorice, or two drams of the electuary in themornin t

Hie seeds of Melons and white Poppies, of

fasting, for most of
these powder will kee
each three drams, the seeds of Citruls, * better by half in electuaries.
 ._j
AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 321
*
g

tive against it, and the one

Pulvis Haly. \ pestilence, as
sha11 usually read of.
College.'] Take of white Poppy seeds !

len drams, white Starch, Gum

Arabic and j
Rosate Novelle.

Tragacanth, of each three drams, the seeds

j College.] Take of red Roses, Liquorice,
of Purslain, Marsh-mallows, Mallows, each one ounce, one dram, two
of^of scruples
each five drams, Cucumbers, Melons, and an half, Cinnamon two drams, two
i

Gourds, Citruls, Quinces of each seven scruples, and two grains, Cloves, Indian
j

drams, Ivory, Liquorice, of each three Spikenard, Ginger, Galanga, Nutmegs,

j

drams, Penids the weight of them all, make Zedoary, Styrax, Calamitis, Cardamoms,
j
them into powder according to art. Parsley seeds, of each one scruple eight
;

is a
Culpeper.~] It gallant cool powder, j grains, beat them into powder,
fit for all hot imperfections of the breast;
Culpeper] It quenches thirst, and stays
and lungs, as consumptions, pleurisies, &c. vomiting, and the author saith it helps hot
I

Your best
way is to make
it into a soft; and dry stomachs, as also heat and
dryness
electuary with Syrups of Violets, and take; of the heart, liver, and lungs, (yet is the
it as powder itself hot,) it strengthens the vital
Diatragacanthum frigidum. j

Latificans. spirits, takes away heart-qualms, it pro-

J

vokes sweat and strengthens such as have

College.] Take the flowers of Clove-bazil, j
>

or the' seeds thereof, Saffron, Zedoary, (laboured

under long chronical diseases.
* ou mav take a dram of the
Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Citron pills, Galanga, J electuary
eve) T morning, if with clarified Honey
Mace, Nutmegs, Styrax Calamitis, of each! you
P lease to niake ]t lnto such a bod
two drams and an half, Ivory, Annis seeds, j J-
Pulvus Thuraloes
Thyme, Epithimum, of each one dram, \

bone of a Stag's heart, Pearls, Camphire, College.]

j
Take of Frankincense one
of each half a dram, leaves of Gold and dram, Aloes half a dram, beat them into
j

Silver, of each half a scruple, make it into j powder,

And when you have occa-
powder according to art. Culpeper.]
j

to use it, mix so much of it with the

Culpeper] It causes a merry heart, ajsion
and w >te of an egg, (beat the white of the
egg
good colour, helps digestion, keeps }

back old age. You mix a dram well first) as will make it of the thickness 01
^7 may /
half
TT '
1 ITT *
1 1 (*

of it to take at one time, or less if you Honey, then dip the wool of a Hare in it,
and apply it to the sore or part that bleeds,
please, in any cordial Syrup, or cordial
electuary appropriated to the same uses. binding it on.
Pulvis Saxonicus. Pulvis Hermidactylorum composttus.

Take of the roots of both sorts Or Powder of Hermodactils compound,

j
Collese.}
of Angelica,Swallow-wort, garden Valerian, College] Take of men's bones burnt,
I

Sena,
Polipodium of the Oak, Marsh-mallows, Scammony, Hermodactils, Turbith,
|

of each equal parts, beat them into

Nettles, of each half an ounce, the bark of -Sugar,
German Mezereon, two drams, twenty grains powder. !

of herb True-love, the leaves of the same, Pulvis Sence compositus major.
;

roots and all, thirty six, the roots being! Or Powder of Sena the greater composition,
steeped in vinegar and dried, beat it all College.]
j
Take of the seeds of Annis,
into powder. Carraway, Fennel, Cummin, Spikenard,
j

Culpeper] It seemsbe toas great an Cinnamon, Galanga, of each half an ounce,

\

expeller of poison, and as great

a preserva-j Liquorice, Cromwell, of each an ounce,
3-22 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Sena, the weight of them all, beat it into? keep it, you may encrease the quantity
oowder. | analogically.
That this receipt is gallantly
CulpeperJ] \ Thegreater cordial Powder. Fern.
composed none can deny, and is an excel- !
College.']
Take of the roots of Tormentil,
lent purge for such whose bodies as are Dittany, Clovc-gilliflowers, Scabious, the
troubled with the wind cholic, or stoppage I seed of Sorrel, Coriander prepared, Citron,
either of guts or kidneys, two drams Carduus Benedictus, Endive, Rue, of each
j

taken in white Wine will work sufficiently i one dram, of the three sorts of Sanders,
with any ordinary body. Let weak men \ (white, red, and yellow,) Been, white and
and children take less, keeping within doors, red (or if you cannot get them, take the
j
and warm. roots of Avens and Tormentil, in their
j

Pulvis Sente oompositus minor. stead) Roman Doronicum, (a kind of wo.K-

j
ane ) Cinnamon, Cardamoms, Saffron, the
Or Powder of Sena, the lesser composition. I
J>
flowers
f 50 1 s rts (viz. Bor-
College.1 Take of Sena two ounces, I
J *] [ Bugloss,
Cremor Tartar half an ounce, Mace two j^ge and Bugloss ) red Roses, and Water-
scruples and an half, Ginger, Cinnamon, of
Llhes > d W
of Aloes, Mace, of each two
-

each a dram and an half, Salgem one dram, scruples, Ivory Spodmm boneof aStag's-
j

beat it into powder according to art. heart, red Coral, Pearls, Emerald, Jacinth,
Gramtc: * one scruple, w Silk
Culpeper.l This powder purges melan- *$
terrified, (dried or roasted by the
cholyfand cleanses the head j
fire,)
Bole-amomac, fi/artn or Lemnos, or each
za "-
\

College.1
T m
Take i
of Sena, Crcmor Tar-
half a dram, Camphire, Ambergris, Musk,
.

& 4
,, ,
n-
, .,
of each six grains, beat them into powder
tar, or each two ounces, Cloves, Cinnamon,
4

,. j ..i , .
,
.

;? c u TV
or each two drams, Uia-:
i according to art, and with eigh times their
Galanga,
6 Ammi, ,. ,,*> , .

j. , , t .. weight in white sugar, dissolved in Rose-

cndmm ',

halt an ounce, beat it into powder

;
.1 T
j. water, you may make them into Lozenges.
!

according & to art. t- c ~*

if
} you please.
Dtatm-btth with Rhubarb.. Both this and the former
Ctilpeper.']
College^ lake of lurbith, Hermo-
of each an Rhubarb ten
pow d er> are appropriated to the heart, (as
dactils, ounee, v
the th)e shsw lhefore th do stren gthen
drains, Diacrydium half an ounce, Sanders
thatj and the vka] irit> and rdieve ]an
.
j
red and white, Violets, Ginger, of each a nature A]1 these are cordiai
ishin |

dram and an half, Mastich Anms seeds, and se ldom above half a dram of
Powders> {

Cinnamon, Saffron, of each half a dram, ^ nem given at a time.

j
make into powder.
A powder for such
it
I his also purges
as are bruised by a fa n
Culpeper.] flegm andj The Au;ilstan Physicians.
choler. Once more let me desire such Colleee.l Take of Terra sigillata, San-
as|
are unskilful in the rules of physic, not to js Draconis, Mummy of each two drams,
j

meddle with purges of this nature (unless

Spermaceti one dram, beat them into
j
a skilful lest
prescribed by Physician) they p o w der according to art.
j

do themselves more mischief in half an hour, CulP eper.~] You must beat the rest into
than they can remove m half a j ear.
j

powder, and then add the Spermaceti to

?

The lesser cordial Powder. Fernelius. t h c m afterwards, for if you

\
put the Sperma-
Take of Hart's-horn, Unicorn's j ceti and the rest all together and go to beat
CollegeJ]
horn, Pearls, Ivory, of each six grains beat j them in that fashion, you may as soon beat
them into fine powder. If you mean to | the mortar into powder, as the simples.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
Indeed your best way is to beat them and indigestion, gross
se-'|sour belchings,
verally, and then mix them altogether, which humours and cold afflictions of the stomach
j

oeing done, makes you a gallant medicine and liver. You may take half a dram of the
\

for the infirmities specified in the title, a

powder at a time, or two of the electuary
j

dram of it taken in Muskadel and sweating in the morning fasling, or an hour before
j

after it. j meat. It helps digestion exceedingly,

Species Electuarii Dyacymini. Nicholaus. expels wind, and heats a cold stomach.
>

College.] Take of Cummin seeds infused \ Species Electuarii Diamargariton Calidi.

a natural day in Vinegar, one ounce and \ Avicenna.
one scruple, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two \ College.] Take of Pearls and Pellitory of
drams and an half, Galanga, Savory, the Wall, of each one dram, Ginger,
\

Calamirith, of each one dram and two Mastich, of each half an ounce, Doronicum,
j

scruples, Ginger, black Pepper, of each two Zedoary, Smallage seeds, both sorts ot
|

drams and five grains, the seeds of Lovage, Cardamoms, Nutmegs, Mace, of each two
and Ammi, (Bishop's-weed,) of each one drams, Been of both sorts, (if they cannot
dram and eighteen grains, long Pepper one be procured take the roots of Avens and
dram, Spikenard, Nutmegs, Cardamoms, of Tormentil) black and long Pepper of each
each two scruples and an half, beat them three drams, beat them into powder and
and keep them diligently in pou-der for your keep them
j
for your use.
use. CulpeperJ] This (quoth Avicenna)
ap- is

Culpeper] It heats the stomach and \ propriated to women, and in them to dis-

bowels, expels wind exceedingly, helps the, eases incident to their matrix but his rea- ;

wind cholic, helps digestion hindered by sons I know not. It is cordial and heat>
;

cold or wind, is an admirable remedy for the stomach. j

wind in the and helps quartan

bowels, |
Litkontribon Nicholaus, according to
agues. The powder is very hot, half a dram j Fernelius.
is
enough to take at one time, and too much College] Take of Spikenard, Ginger,
if the patient be feverish, you may take it Cinnamon, black Pepper, Cardamoms,
in white Wine. It is in my opinion a fine Cloves, Mace, of each half a dram, Costus,
composed powder. j Liquorice, Cypress,Tragacanth,Germander,
Species Electuarii Diagalanga. Mes-ue. of each two scruples, the seeds of Bishop's-
j

College] Take of Galanga, wood of i weed, (Ammi,) Smallage, Sparagus, Bazil,

Aloes, of each six drams, Cloves, Mace, j Nettles, Citrons, Saxifrage, Burnct, Cara-
scedsof Lovage of each two drams, Ginger, ;
way, Carrots, Fennel, Bruscus, Parsley of
long and white Pepper, Cinnamon'. Calamus |
Macedonia, Burs, Seseli, (or Hartwort,)
Aromaticus of each a dram and an half, j
Asarabacca, of each one dram, Lapis
Calaminth, and Mints dried, Cardamoms j
Spongiae, Lyncis, Cancri, Juclaici, of each
the greater, Indian Spikenard, the seeds of j one dram and an half, Goat's blood pre-
Smallage, Annis, Fennel, Caraway, of each pared an ounce and half, beat them all into
one dram, beat them powder according powder according to art.
into i

to art. Also it may be made

into an elec- Culpeper] It heals the stomach, and
j

of digestion coming through

tuary with white sugar dissolved in Malaga helps want j

Avme, or twelve times the weight of it of cold, it eases pains in the belly and loins,
j

clarified Honey. the Illiac passion, powerfully breaks the

\

C'ulpeper] Mesue quotes it only as an elec- stone in the reins and bladder, it speedily
which he saith against wind, helps the cholic, stranguary,
and disury.
tuary, prevails ;

4 o
324 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
The dose from a dram to half a dram, Saphire, bone of a Stag's heart, of each
is
j

take it either in white Wine, or decoction of one dram, beat them into powder accord-
j

herbs tending to the same purposes. >

ing to art.
Pleres Arcontic.on. Nicholaus. Culpeper^]
j
The title tells you the virtue
College.] Take of Cinnamon, Cloves, j of it, besides, it cheers the vital spirits, and
Galanga,Wood of Aloes, Indian Spikenard, i strengthens the heart. You may take half
Nutmegs, Ginger, Spodium, Schcenanthus, j a dram every morning either by itself, or
Cypress, Roses, Violets of each one dram, \ mixed with any other convenient composi-
Inclian Leaf or Mace, Liquorice, Mastich, | tion, whether Syrup or Electuary.
Styrax Calamitis, Marjoram, Costmary, or j Diaturbith the greater, without Rhubarb.
Water-mints, Bazil. Cardamoms, long and | College.] Take of the best Turbith an
white Pepper, Myrtle berries, and Citron ounce, Diagridium, Ginger, of each half an
!

pills,
of each half a dram and six grains, jounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two
Pearls, Been white and red, (or, if they be; drams, Galanga, long Pepper, Mace, of each
wanting, take the roots of Avens and Tor- one dram, beat them into powder, and with
j

mentil in their stead) red Coral, torrified eight ounces and five drams of white sugar
j

Silk, of each eighteen grains, Musk six dissolved in Succory Water, it may be made
grains, Camphire four grains, beat them,| into an electuary.
into powdei according to art, and with ten'i Culpeper.] It purges flegm, being rightly
times their weight in sugar dissolved in administered by a skilful hand.
|
I
fancy it
Bawm water, you may make them into an i not.

electuary. A Powder for I he Worms.

Culpeper J] It is
exceedingly good for College] Take of
Wormseed, four
, melancholy, lumpish, pensive, grieving, \ ounces, Sena, one ounce, Coriander seeds
vexing, pining, sighing, sobbing, fearful, i
prepared, Hart's-horn, ol each half a dram,
careful spirits, it strengthens weak stomachs- Rhubarb half an ounce, dried Rue, two
exceedingly, and help such as are prone to j
drams, beat them into powder.
Vaintings and swoonings, it strengthens such |
Culpeper.] I like this powder very well,
as are weakened by violence of sickness, it j
the quantity (or to Avrite more scholastically,
helps bad memories, quickens all the senses, |
the dose) must be regulated according to
strengthens the brain and animal spirits, : the age of the patient, even from ten grains
helps the falling-sickness, and succours I to a dram, and the manner of taking it by
such as are troubled with asthmas, or other their palate. It is
something purging,
|
cold afflictions of the lungs. It will keep>
best in an electuary, of which you may take \

a dram in the morning, or more, as age and {

ELECTUARIES
strength requires.
A Preservative Powder against the Pestilence. \
Antidotus Analeptica.
College.] Take
Montagnam. i of red Roses, Liquorice,
College.'] (white, of each two drams and five grains, Gum
Take of all the Sanders, '

red, and yellow,) the seeds of Bazil, of each Arabic and Tragacanth, of each two drains
I

an ounce and an half, Bole Amoniac, Sanders white and red,

Cin-jand two scruples,
namon, of each an ounce, the roots of each four scruples, juice of Liquorice, white
|

Dittany, Gentian, and Tormentil, of each Starch, the seeds of white Poppies, Purslain,
|

bvo drams and an half, the seeds of Citron Lettuce,and Endive, of each three drams, the
|

and Sorrel, of each two drains, Pearls, four greater cold seeds husked, of Quinces,
;
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 325

Mallows, Cotton, Violets, Pine-nuts, fistic towards the end, Cinnamon bruised half an
j

Nuts, sweet Almonds, pulp of Sebestens, of ounce, strain it, and with two pounds of
I

each two drams, Cloves, Spodium, Cinna-j white sugar, boil it to the thickness of a
mon, of each one dram, Saffron five grains, Syrup, putting in, in powder, Cinnamon, a
j
Penids half an ounce, being beaten, make? dram, Nutmegs, half a scruple, Musk three
them all into a soft electuary with three grains, Ambergris, two and thirty grains,
j

times their weight in Syrup of Violets. leaves of Gold,

Spirit of Vitriol four
jten
Culpeper.] It restores consumptions, and drops, and
; so make it into an
electuary
hectic fevers, lost strength, it nourishes > according to art.
much, and restores radical moisture, opens Culpeper.']
| It opens obstruction of the
the pores, resists choler, takes liver and spleen,
away coughs, helps cold rheums or de-
i

quenches and
thirst, resists fevers. You fluxions
|
from the head to the lungs, or
may take an ounce in a day, by a dram at teeth, or eyes,
j
it is excellent in coughs, and
a time, if you please. other cold afflictions of the
lungs and
:

Confedio Alkermes. breast, it helps digestion, expels wind and

j

College.']
Take of
the juice of Apples, the gravel of the kidneys, it provokes the
i

Damask Rose-water, of each a pound and | menses, warms and dries up the moisture oi
an half, in which infuse for twenty-four! the womb, which is many times the cause
hours, raw Silk four ounces, strain it j of barrenness, and is generally a helper of
strongly, and add Syrup of the berries of diseases coming of cold, raw thin
all |

Cherms brought over to us, two pounds, humours, you may take half a dram
j at a
Sugar one pound, boil it to the thickness of time in the morning.
j

Honey; then removing it from the firej Electuarium de Baccia Lauri.

whilst it is warm, add Ambergris cut small, Or Electuary of Bay-berries,
|

half an ounce, which being well mingled, College.] TakeoftheleavesofdriedRueten

put in these things following in powder, drams, the seeds of Ammi,Cuimnin,Lovage,
Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes, of each six Origanum, Nigella, Caraway, Carrots,
drams, Pearls prepared, two drams, Leaf- Parsley, bitter Almonds, Pepper black and
j

Gold a dram, Musk a scruple, make it up f long, wild Mints, Calamus Aromaticus,
according to art. Bay-berries, Castorium of each two drams,
:

Culpeper.'] Questionless this is a great j Sagapenum half an ounce, Opopanax three

cordial, and a mighty strengthener of the id rams, clarified Honey a pound and an
heart, and vital spirits, a restorer of such as half, the things to be beaten; being beaten,
t

are in consumptions, a resister of pesti-jand the Gums dissolved in Wine, make it

lences and poison, a relief to languishing into an electuary according to art.
\

nature, it is given with good success in* CulpeperJ] It is exceeding good either in
fevers, but give not too much of it at a the
\ cholic, or Iliac passion, or any other
a time, lest it prove too hot for the body, {disease of the bowels coming of cold or
and too heavy for the purse. You may wind, it generally eases pains in the bowels,
j

mix ten grains of it with other convenient? You may give a dram in the morning fast-
cordials to children, twenty or thirty to | ing, or half an ounce in a clyster, according
men. \ as the disease is.

Electuarium e Sassaphras. Diacftpparit.

f
College.'] Take of Sassafras two ounces, College. Take of Capers our ounces^
common Water three pounds, boil it to the \ Agrimony Roots, Nigella seeds, Squiis
consumption of the third part, adding, jAsarabacca, Ccntaury, black Pepper, SnmU.
326 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
age, Thyme of each an ounce, Honey three therefore stops fluxes, neither do I know a
times their weight, make it into an electuary |
better medicine in all the dispensatory for
according to art. such as have a consumption accompanied
Culpeper."] They say it helps infirmities with looseness. It stops the menses and
of the spleen, and indeed the name seems to Fluor Albus. Take but a dram at a time
j

promise so much, it may be good for cold morning, because of its binding
!
every
bodies, if they have strength of nature inquality, except you have a looseness, for
j
them. then you may take so much two or three
j

Diacirwamomum. times a day.

\

College^] Take of Cinnamon fifteen

j
Diaconim.
drams, Cassia Lignea, Elecampane roots, College^]
|
Take of the roots of Cicers,
of each half an ounce, Galanga, seven Acorus, or Calamus Aromaticus, Pine-nuts,
j

drams, Cloves, long Pepper, both sorts of of each a pound and a half, let the Cicers
5

Cardamoms, Ginger, Mace, Nutmegs, j

roots,being cleansed, cut, boiled, and
Wood of Aloes, of each three drams, Saffron, ;
pulped, be added to ten pounds of clarified
one dram, Sugar five drams, Musk two 5 honey, and boiled, (stirring it) to its just
scruples, adding according to the prescript thickness, then being removed from the
\

of the Physician, and byacldingtliree pounds fire, add the Acorus roots beaten, the Pine-
j

eight ounces of clarified Honey, boil it and! nuts cut, and these following in powder,
make it into an electuary according to art. Take of black Pepper an ounce, long Pepper,
j

Culpeper."] Diacinnamomum, or in plain Cloves, Ginger, Mace, of each half an

\

English, A composition of Cinnamon, heats jounce, Nutmegs, Galanga, Cardamons, of

the stomach, causes digestion, provokes the leach three drams, mix them with the roots
menses, strengthens the stomach and other land Honey into an electuary according toart.
parts that distribute the nourishment of the* Culpeper.'] The electuary provokes lust,
body, a dram of it taken in the morning j heats the brain, strengthen? the nerves,
fasting, is
good for ancient people and coldj quickens the senses, causes an acute wit,
bodies, such as are subject to dropsies and i eases pains in the head, helps the falling-
diseases of flegm, or wind, for it comforts sickness and convulsions, coughs, catharrs,
|

and strengthens nature much. If you take and all diseases proceeding from coldness
{

it to
help digestion, take it an hour before j of the brain. Half a dram is enough to
meat, do so in all things of like quality. \
take at one time, because of its heat.
Diacorallian. Peony is an herb of the sun, the roots of
College.~\ Take of Coral white and red, | it cure the falling-sickness.
Bole-amoniac, Dragon's-blood, of each one j Diacydonium simple.
dram, Pearls half a dram, Wood of Aloes, | College^] Take of the flesh of Quinces
red Roses, Gum Tragacanth, Cinnamon, of cut and boiled in fair water to a thickness,
j

each two scruples, Sanders white and red, eight pounds, white sugar six pounds, boil
I

of each one scruple, with four times its to it just thickness,

jit
weight in sugar dissolved in small Cinna- \ Diacydonium with Species
mon Water, make it into an electuary, j College."] Take of the juice of Quinces,
according to art. Sugar, of each two pounds, white Wine
f

Culpeper.] It comforts and strengthens- Vinegar half a pound, added at the end of
the heart exceedingly, and restores such as 1 the decoction, it being gently boiled, and the
are in consumptions, it is cooling, therefore scum taken away, add Ginger two ounces,
\

good in hectic fevers, very binding, and j white Pepper ten drams and two scruoles.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 327

bruise them grossly, and boil it again to the Antidotum Htemagogum.

>

thickness of Honey. College.'] Take of Lupines husked two

Diacydonium compound, Magisterial. \drains, black Pepper five scruples and six
College.] Take of white Sugar six pounds, grains, Liquorice tour scruples, long Birth-
i

Spring Water four pounds, clarify them wort, Mugwort, Cassia Lignea, Macedonian
j
well with the white of an egg, scumming Parsley seed, Pellitory of
Spain, Rue seed,
i

them, then take of ripe Quinces cleansed Spikenard, Myrrh, Pennyroyal, of each two
;

from the rind and seeds, and cut in four scruples and fourteen grains, the seeds of
\

quarters, eight pounds, boil them in the Smallage, Savin, of each two scruples and
j

foregoing Syrup till they be tender, then: thirteen grains, Centaury the greater, Cre-
strain the Syrup through a linen cloth, tish Carrots, Nigella, Caraway,
;
Annis,
vocata Anglice, Boulter boil them again to Cloves, Alum, of each two
scruples, Bay
; *

a jelly, adding four ounces of white wine leaves one scruple, one half scruple, and
;

Vinegar towards the end ; remove it from; three grains, Schaenanth one scruple and
the fire, and whilst it is warm put in these {thirteen grains, Asarabacca, Calamus Arouia-
following species in powder, Ginger an ticus, Amomum, Centaury the less, the seed
5

ounce, white Pepper, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, of Orrach, Peony, Fennel, of each one
j

of each two drams, keep it for use. i

scruple and six grains, wood of Aloes, a
Culpeper.~] The virtues of all these three scruple and fourteen grains, Cypress,
!

are, they comfort the stomach, help diges- j Elecampane, Ginger, Cappar roots,Cummin,
tion, stays vomiting, belchings, &c. stop>0robus, of each one scruple, all of them
fluxes and the menses. They are all harm- being beaten into very fine powder, let
j

less, you may take the quantity of a nut-; them be made into an electuary according

meg of then) at a time, before meat to help, to art, with four times their weight in sugar,
digestion and fluxes, after meat to stay let it stand one month before you use it
I

vomiting, in the morning for the rest. Culpeper.] It provokes the menses, brings
Confectio de Hyadntho. \
away both birth and after-birth, the dead
College^ Take of Jacinth, red Coral, j
child, purges such as are not sufficiently
Bole-amoniac, Earth of Lemnos, of each! purged after travail, it provokes urine,
half an ounce, the berries of Cherrnes, the I breaks the stone in the bladder, helps the
Roots of Tormentil and Dittany, the seeds j stranguary, disury, iskury, &c. helps in-
of Citrons, Sorrel, and Purslain, Saffron, j digestion, the cholic, opens any stoppings in
it heats the stomach, purges the
Myrrh, red Roses exungulated, all the sorts j the body,
of Sanders, bone of a Stag's heart, Hart's- piver and spleen, consumes wind, stays
it not be taken by
horn, Ivory prepared, of each four scruples, i vomiting-, but let preg-
raw nant women, nor such people as have the
Samphire, Emerald, Topaz, Pearls, j

Silk,leaves of Gold and Silver, of each two hemorrhoids.

|
The dose is from one drain
of to two drains,
scruples, Carnphire, Musk, Ambergris,
>

each five grains, with Syrup of Lemons j Diasatyrion.

make into a confection according to art.
it j College.'}
Take of Satyrion roots three
It is a great cordial and ounces, Dates,
I Indian
bitter Almonds,
Culpeper~]
Nuts, Pine nuts, Festick
cool, exceeding good in acute fevers and nuts, green Ginger,
it and roots preset ved, of each one ounce,
pestilences, mightily strengthens jEringo
cherishes the heart. Never above half a Ginger, Cloves, Galanga, Pepper long and
i

dram is given at a time, very seldom so] black, of each three drams, Ambergris
rauc l, tone scruple. Musk two scruples, Penins

I
328 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
four ounces, Cinnamon, Saffron, of each College.] Take of the juice of Liquorice,
half an ounce, Malaga Wine three ounces, sweet Almonds, Hazel-Nuts, of each half
Nutmegs, Mace, Grains of Paradise, of an ounce, Pine-nuts an ounce, Hysop,
each two drains, Ash-tree keys, the belly Maidenhair, Orris, Nettle seeds, round
and loins and Scinks, Borax, Benjamin,, of Birthwort, of each a dram and an half,
eachthreedrams,woodofAloes,Cardamoms, black Pepper, the seeds of Water-cresses,
of each two drams, the seeds of Nettles and : the roots of Elecampane, of each half a
Onions, the roots of Avens, of each a dram j dram, Honey fourteen ounces, make them
and and half, with two pounds and an half j
into an electuary according to art
of Syrup of green Ginger, make them into j Culpeper.] strengthens the stomach
It
an electuary according to art. j
and lungs, and helps the vices thereof. Take
Electuarium Diaspermaton. it with a
>
Liquorice stick.
College^} Take of the four greater and Theriaca Diatessaron.
j

lesser cold seeds, the seeds of Asparagus, ;

College.] Take of Gentain, Bay-berries,
Burnet, Brazil, Parsley, Winter Cheiries, of Myrrh,
i round Birthwort, of each twoounces,
each two drams, Gromwell, Juice of Liquo- Honey two pounds, make them into an
5

rice, of each three drams, Cinnamon, Mace, | electuaiy according to art.

of each one dram, with eight times their j Culpeper.] This is a gallant electuary,
weight in white Sugar dissolved in Marsh- It wonderfully helps cold infirmities of the
j

mallows water, make it into an electuary brain, as convulsions,

\
falling-sickness, dead
according to art. j palsies, shaking palsies, &c. As also the
Culpeper.'] Itbreaks the stone, and pro- j stomach, as pains there, wind, want of
vokes urine. Men may take half an ounce i
digestion, as also stoppings of the liver,
at a time, and children half so much, in dropsies, it resists the pestilence and poison,
j

water of any herb or roots, &c. (or decoc- and helps the bitings of venomous beasts,
j

lion of them) that break the stone. *The dose is from half a drain to two drams,
Micleta. \ according
to the age and strength of the

College] Take of the barks of all the

patient,
j
as also the strength of the diseases:

Myrobalans torrified, of each two drams -you may take it either in the morning, or
and an half, the seeds of Water-cresses, when urgent occasion calls for it.
;

Cummin, Annis, Fennel, Ammi, Caraway, j

Diascordium.
of each a dram and an half, bruise the: College.'] Take of Cinnamon, Cassia
seeds and sprinkle them with sharp white Lignea, of each half an ounce, Scordium,
i

wine Vinegar, then beat them into powder, an ounce, Dittany of Crete, TormentiJ,
j

and add the Mirobalans, and these things j Bistort, Galbanum, Gum Arabic, of each
that follow, Spodium, Balaustines, Sumach, half an ounce, Opium one dram and an
J

Mastich, Gum Arabic, of each one dram; half, Sorrel seeds one dram and a half,
and fifteen grains, mix them and Gentain half an ounce, Bole-amoniac an
together, 1

with ten ounces of Syrup of Myrtles, make ounce and an half, Earth of Lemnos half
\

them into an electuary according to art. an ounce, long Pepper, Ginger, of each two
j

Culpeper.] It gently eases the bowels of drams, clarified Honey two pounds and an
j

the wind cholic, wringing of the bowels, half, Sugar of Roses one pound, Canary
j

infirmities of the spleen, it stops fluxes, the Wine ten ounces, make them into an elec-
i

hemorrhoids, as also the menses. | tuary according to art.

Electuarium Pectorale. Culpeper.] It is a we.l composed elec-

Or a Pectoral Electuary. !
tuary, something appropriated io the nature
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
of women, for it
provokes the menses, cold infirmities of the brain, and stopping
\
rl) Civ* tic lo r\/\iii Vml no + ti^i** iiii<> 1 < i rt I - .-, ,1 A.I
,-.,-, y * . I* * 1

I I
_______ ______ ^ . vv . ,.* .**,_, ./nmtf
but it
may safely be given to weak people, if Go/m say true, as^also difficulty of urine,'
and besides provokes sleep. It may safely it casts out the dead
child, and helps such j

be given to young children ten grains at women as cannot conceive

by reason of j
a time, ancient people may take a dram cold, it is an admirable
\ remedy for melan-
or more. It is given as an excellent cor-
choly, and all diseases of the body coming j
dial in such fevers as are accompanied with
j
through cold, it would fill a whole sheet of
want of sleep. paper to reckon them all up particularly. j
Mithridate. \ You may take a scruple or half a dram in
College.'] Take of
Myrrh, Saffron, the morning, and follow your business, two j

Agarick, Ginger, Cinnamon, Spikenard, drams will make you sweat, yea one dram j

Frankincense, Treacle, Mustard seeds, of? if your body be weak, for then two drams
each ten drams, the seeds of Hartwort, be dangerous because of
|
may its heat.
Opobalsamum, or oil of Nutmegs
c, ,
tt by
J ex-
^_ c , ,.
>
m i D
P/iylonmm Persiciim.
pression,, ocnenanth,, Stcecnas,, Costus,, Gal--
C lle
<
m
^
-i i /- i
ke of wJ" te
banum,Turpentine, long Pepper, Castorium,! * eeds oif'\.
5
u
bane
the
> of each two drams,
^H #PP*
juice of Hypocistis, Styrax, Calamitis, lu ' Earth of Lemnos, of each,ten drams,
j

Opopanax, Indian leaf, or for want of itj?P

emaus, Saffi
a P' Hematotus, a each five
of eac
o ve drams,
rams,
Mace, of each an ounce, Cassia Lignea, ' >

Castorium Indian Spikenard Euphorbium

Poley Mountain, white Pepper, Scordium, I

of Spam, Pearls, Amber

theseeds of Carrots of Crete,Carpobalsamum Prepared, Pelhtory }

or Cubebs, Troch, Cypheos, Bdelium, of Zedoary, Elecampane, Troch, Ramach | ^

a dram ' Can hire a s cr P le ^ith their
each seven drams, Celtic Spikenard, Gum fac15 iP
'

Arabic, Macedonian Parsley seeds, Opium,

u
lreble W( J g ht Honey ofp R ses, make it
I

m
Cardamoms the less, Fennel seed, Gentian, mt " a n electu
j
v according to art.
It stops blood
flowing from
.
^
red Rose leaves, Dittany of Crete, of each! r]
ai
^*Pf
art the bod *e
fivedrams, Annis seeds' Asarabacca, Orris ^. P f [ ^'
^^derate
flovV]n S of the menses the hemorrhoids in |

Acorus, the greater Valerian, Sagapen, o fl

men of bl od ' b]ood ^ fluxes and
each three drtms, Meum Acacia, the bellies
su women as are subject |
'

W^f '
,

of Scinks, the tops of St. John's Wort, of

each two drams and an half, Malaga Wine,
1S
P rofitable
tO nuscarr^ See the next Tece
!
:
^ f ^
so much as is sufficient to dissolve the juices
j
Phylonium Romanum.
and gums, clarified Honey the treble weight ;
College^] Take of white Pepper, white
of all, the wine excepted, make them into \ Henbane seeds, of each five drams, Opium
an electuary according to art. two drams and an half, Cassia Lignea a \

CulpeperJ] It is
good against poison | dram and an half, the seeds of Smallage a
and such as have done themselves wrong by > dram, Parsley of Macedonia, Fennel,
taking filthy medicines, it provokes sweat, Carrots of Crete, of each two scruples and j

it
helps continual waterings of the stomach, five grains, Saffron a scruple and an half, j

uicers in the body, consumptions, weakness | Indian Spikenard, Pellitory of Spain,

of the limbs, rids the body of cold humours, Zedoary fifteen grains, Cinnamon a dram
j
and diseases coming of cold, it remedies and an | half, Euphorbium prepared, Myrrh,
 330 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Castorium, of each a dram with their treble jRhapontic, Stoechas, Horehound, Macedo-
weight in clarified Honey, make it into an j nian Parsley seed, Calaminth, Cypress,
electuary. !
Turpentine, the roots of Cinqu^foyl and
Electuarium de Ovo. Ginger, of each six drams, Poley Mountain,
\

Or electuary of Eggs. jChamepitis,

Celtic Spikenard, Amomus,
College.'] Take a Hen's Egg new laid, Styrax Calamitis, the roots of Meum, the
\

and the white being taken out by a small tops of Germander, the roots of Rhapontic
j

hole, fill up the void place with Saffron, I Earth of Lemnos, Indian Leaf, Chalcitis
leaving the yolk in, then the hole being* burnt, or instead thereof Roman Vitriol
stopped, roast it in ashes till the shell begin burnt, Gentian roots, Gum Arabic, the juice
j

to look black, take diligent heed the Saffron of Hypositis, Carpobalsamum or

J
Nutmegs,
burn not, for then is the whole medicine or Cubebs, the seeds of Annis, Cardamoms,
j

spoiled, then the matter being taken out Fennel, Hartwort, Acacia, or instead there-
j

dry, if -so that it may be beaten into powder of the juice of Sloes made thick, the seeds
and add to it as much powder of white | of Treacle Mustard, and Ammi, the tops of
Mustard seed as it weighs. Then take the | St. John's Wort, Sagapen, of each four
roots of white Dittany and Tormentil, of: drams, Castorium, the roots of long Birth-
each two drams, Myrrh, Hart's-horn, Peta- wort, Bitumen, Judaicum, Carrot seed,
\

sitis roots, of each one dram, the roots of Opopanax, Centaury the less, Galbanum, of
j

Angelica and Burnet, Juniper Berries, each two drams, Canary Wine enough to
!

Zedoary, Camphire of each half an ounce, dissolve what is to be dissolved, Honey the
i

mix them all together in a mortar, then add treble weight of the dry species, make them
Venice Treacle the weigh of them all, stir into an Electuary according to art.
them about with a pestle three hours CulpeperJ\ It resists poison, and the

together, putting in so much Syrup of bitings of

| venomous beasts, inveterate head-
Lemons, as is
enough to make it into an
aches, vertigo, deafness, the falling-sickness,
j

electuary according to art. \ astonishment, apoplexies, dulness of sight,

Cttlpeper.']
A dram of it
given at a time, want of
| voice, asthmaes, old and new
is as
great a help in a pestilential fever as a coughs, i such as spit or vomit blood, such as
man shall usually read of in a Galenist. j can hardly spit or breathe, coldness of the
It provokes sweat, and then you shall be; stomach, wind, the cholic, and illiac passion,

taught how to use yourself. If years do j the yellow jaundice, hardness of the spleen,
not permit, give not so much. stone in the reins and bladder, difficulty of
}

Theriaca Andromachi. urine, ulcers in the bladder, fevers, dropsies,

\

Or Venice Treacle. leprosies, it provokes the menses, brings

\

College.'] Take of Troches of Squilsi forth birth and after-birth, helps pains in
forty-eight drams, Troches of Vipers, long the joints, it helps not only the body, but
j

Pepper, Opium of'Thebes, Magma, Hedycroi also the mind, as vain fears, melancholy,
!

dried, of each twenty-four drams, redj&c. and is a good remedy in pestilential

Roses exungulated, Orris, Illirick, juice of fevers. You may take half a dram and go
j

Liquorice, the seeds of sweet Navew, about your business,

and it will do you
Scordium, Opobalsamum, Cinnamon, good if you have occasion to go in ill airs,
Agerick, of each twelve drams, Myrrh, or in pestilent times, if you shall sweat under
Costus, or Zedoary, Saffron, Cassia Lignea, it, as you/ best way is, if your body be not
j

Indian Spikenard, Schenanth, Pepper white in health, then take one dram, or between
j

and black, Olibanum, Dittany of Crete, one and two, or less than one. according as
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 331

age and strength is, if you cannot take this and clarified, make it into an electuar,
|

or any other sweating medicine by itself, according to art.

|

mix it with a little Carduus or Dragon's | Culpcper.~\ It is exceeding good against

water, or Angelica water, which in my cold diseases of the stomach, liver, or
i

opinion is the best of the three. spleen, corruption of humours and putre-
:

faction of meat in the stomach, ill favoured

Theriacca Londimnsis. \

c lour of the dropsies, cold faults in

_
Or London Treacle.
..
,
. .
TT , ,
!

;tne reins and bladder, F

W[
provokes urine.
College ] Take of Hart s-horn two Take ft dram in the mornin
ounces, the seeds or Citrons, Sorrel, reony, |
Bazil, of each one ounce, Scordium, Coral- j
- ^
liana, of each sixdrams, the roots of Angelica, I

Tormentil, Peony, the leaves of Dittany,!

PURGING ELECTUARIES.
Bay-berries, Juniper-berries, of each half i
Benedicta Laxatioa.
an ounce, the flowers of Rosemary, Man-
,

CM Take of cho ice Turbitl, ten

-j

golds. Clove GiUiflowers, the tops of Saint Jd Diacridium, bark of Spurge Roots
John s Wort Nutmegs Saffron, of each
prepared Hermodactils, Red Roses, of each
|

threedrams, the Roots of Gentian, Zedoary, g v J

dram / Q
Spikenard, Ginger,
Ginger, Mace, Myrrh, the leaves of Scab!- Saffronj , j p Amornus, or for want
ous, Devil s-bit, Carduus, of each two drams, of it Calamus
3
Aromalicus, Cardamoms the
Cloves, Opium, of each a dram, Malaga ]ess? the seeds of Smal
j Pars1 , Fcnne ,

Wine as much as is sufficient with their

AsparaguSj Bruscus, Saxifrage, Groinwell.
treble weight in Honey, mix them accord-
j Caraway,
sal.
gem. Galanga, Mace, of each
ing to art. a dram, w ; tn their treble weight
j
of clarified
ft
Culpeper.] The receipt is a pretty cor- [ Ho make them into an c ec tuary i
*
dial, resists the pestilence, and is a good Also you may k
according to art
|
. lh p
antidote in pestilential times, it resists poi- ie itsdf in
j sh
son, strengthens cold stomachs, helps diges- 5
Culpeper. It purges flegm, chiefly from
tion, crudities of the stomach A
man| the oints> also it:
"]

the reins and

may safely take two drams ot it in a bladder j

morning, and let him fear no harm.

Caryocostinum.
Diacrocmna. Take of Cloves, Costus, or
j
College^
College^] Take of Saffron, AsarabaccaJZedoary, Ginger, Cummin, of each two
loots, the seeds of Parsley, Carrots, Annis, i drams, Hermodactils, Diacridium, of each
Smallage, of each half an ounce, Rhubarb, j half an ounce: Avith their double weight of
the roots of Meum, Indian Spikenard, of* Honey clarified in white wine, make them
each six drams, Cassia Lignea, Costus, into an electuary according to art.
i

Myrrh, Schenanth, Cubebs, Madder roots, Culpeper!]

i Authors say it purges hot
the juices of Maudlin, and Wormwood; rheums, and takes away inflammations in
made thick, Opobalsamum, or oil of Nut- 1 wounds, I assure you the electuary works
megs, of each two drams, Cinnamon, j violently,and may safely be 2;iven in clysters,
Calamus Aromaticus, of each a dram and land so you may give two or three drams at
an half, Scordium, Cetrach, juice of Liquo- 1 a time, if the patient be strong. For taken
rice, of each two drams and an half, Traga- otherwise it would kill a horse o?/m privilege-
,

canth a dram, with eight times their weight* Cassia Extractapro Clysf.eribm.
in white sugar, dissolved in Endive water, \ Or Cassia extracted for Clysters.
4 o
332 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
College.']
Take of
the leaves of Violets, not have the unskilful too
j
busy about
Mallows, Beets, Mercury, Pellitory of the j purges without advice of a physician.
Wall, Violet flowers, of each a handful, j Diacassia with Manna.
boil themin a sufficient quantity of water, College^] Take of Damask Prunes two
j

the benefit of which let the Cassia be ex- ounces, Violet flowers a handful and an
1

tracted, and the canes washed then take ;half, Spring Water a pound an an half, boil
j

of this Cassia so drawn, and boil it to its lit according to art till half be consumed,
consistence, a pound, Sugar a pound and a strain it, and dissolve in the decoction six
;

half, boil them to the form of an electuary ounces of Cassia newly drawn, sugar of
j

according to art.
['Violets, Syrup
of Violets, of each four
Culpeper.~\
You may lake it in white ounces, Pulp of Tamarinds an ounce,
j Sugar
Wine, it is good for gentle bodies, for if your ?
Candy an ounce and an half, Manna two
body be hard to work upon, perhaps it will jounces, mix them, and make them into an
not work at all purges the reins gallantly, electuary according to art.
; it !

and cools them, thereby preventing the; It is a fine cool

Culpeper.~] purge for
stone, and other diseases caused by their such as are
5 bound in the body, for it works

heat. gently, and

|
without trouble, it purges choler,
Electuarium Amarum Magistrate majus'. and may safely be given in fevers coming of
\

Or the greater bitter Electuary. choler but in such cases, if the body be
j
:

College.'] Take of Agarick, Turbith, \ much bound, the best way is first to
of each administer a clyster, and then the next
Species Hiera Simplex, Rhubarb, j

one dram, choice Aloes unwashed two morning an ounce of this will cool the body,
j

drams, Ginger, Crystal of Tartar, of each; and keep it in due temper,

two scruples, On is, Florentine, sweet* Cassia extracta sine soliis Sence.
Fennel seeds, of each a scruple, Syrup of j Or Cassia extracted without the leaves of
Roses solutive as much as is sufficient to Sena,
make it into an electuary according to art. | College.'] Take twelve Prunes, Violet
Electuarium Amarum minus.
[flowers
French Barley, the seed
a handful,
Or the lesser bitter Electuary. of Annis,
$ and bastard Saffron, Polypodium
College.']
Take of Epithimum half an of the Oak,
! of each five drams, Maiden -

ounce, the roots of Angelica three drams, hair, Thyme, Epithimum, of each half a
s

of Gentian, Zedoary, Acorus, of each two handful, Raisins of the Sun stoned half an
*

drams, Cinnamon one dram and an half, jounce, sweet Fennel seeds two drams, the
Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Saffron, of each seeds of Purslain, and Mallows, of each
j

one dram, Aloes six ounces, with Syrup of! three drams, Liquorice half an ounce, boil
Fumitory, Scabious and Sugar so much as them in a sufficient quantity of water, strain
!

is sufficient to make it into a soft electuary. them and dissolve in the decoction, pulp of
!

Culpeper.] Both these purge choler, the Cassia two pounds, of Tamarinds an ounce,
j

former ftegm, and this melancholy, the Cinnamon three drams, Sugar a pound,
:

former works strongest, and this strengthens boil it into the form of an electuary,
5

most, and is good for such whose brains are; Cassia extrada cum soliis Sena.
annoyed. You may take half an ounce of Or Cassia extracted with the leaves of Sena.
j

the former, if your body be any thing: College.'] Take of the former receipt
strong, in white Wine, if very strong an two pounds, Sena in powder two ounces,
|

ounce, a reasonable body may take an \ mix them according to art.

ounce of the latter, the weak less. I would j Culpeper.'] This is also a fine cool gentle
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
purge, cleansing the bowels of choler and \ aforesaid pulp, the pulp of Cassia, and an<
melancholy without any griping, very fit Tamarinds,
I of each one ounce, then mix
mi:
for feverish bodies, and yet the former is with it these
powders following Sanders
;
:

gentler than this. They both cleanse and white and red, Spodium, Rhubarb, of each
j

cool the reins ; a reasonable body may take three drams, red Roses, Violets, the seeds
j
an ounce and an half of the former, and an of Purslain, Succory, Barberries, Gum
;

ounce of the latter in white Wine, if they Tragacanth, Liquorice, Cinnamon, of each
:

keep the house, or their bodies be oppressed two drams, the four greater cold seeds, of
;

with melancholy, let them take half the j each one dram, make it into an electuary
quantity in four ounces of decoction of { according to art.
Epithimum. Culpeper.'] It may safely, and is with
Diacarthamum. I good success, given in acute, burning, and
,
College.']
Take of Diatragacanthum | all other fevers, for it cools much, and
half an ounce, pulp of preserved loosens the body gently: it is good in agues,
frigiduin,
Quinces an ounce, the inside of the seeds of hectic fevers, and Mirasmos. You mav
j

Bastard Saffron half an ounce, Ginger two take an ounce of it at a time, at night when
5

drams, Diacrydium beaten by itself three \ you go to bed, three hours after a light
drams, Turbith six drams, Manna two supper, neither need you keep your cham-
i

ounces, Honey of Roses solutive, Sugar ber next day, unless the weather be very
Candy, of each an ounce, Hermodactils half cold, or your body very tender.
|

an ounce, Sugar ten ounces and an half, Diaprunum solutive.

make of them a liquid electuary according College.] Take of Diaprunum Lenitive
to art. whilst itwarm, four pounds, Scammony
is

Diaphcenicon. :
prepared two ounce and five drams, mix
College.'] Take of the pulp of Dates |
them into an electuary according to art.
boiled in Hydromel, Penids, of each half ; Seeing the dose of Scammony is increased
a pound, sweet Almonds blanched, three according to the author in this medicine,
ounces and an half, to all of them being : you may use a less weight of Scammony if
bruised and mixed, add clarified Honey you;
please,
two pounds, boil them a little, and then Catholicon.
j
strew in Ginger, long Pepper, Mace, Cin- \
College^] Take of the pulp of Cassia
namon, Rue leaves, the seeds of Fennel and | and Tamarinds, the leaves of Sena, of each
Carrots, of each two drams, Turbith four \ two ounces, Polypodium, Violets, Rhubarb,
ounces, Diacridium an ounce and an half, of each one ounce, Annis seeds, Penids,
|

make of them an electuary according to Sugar Candy, Liquorice, the seeds of

5

art. i Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons, of

Culpeper.] I cannot believe this is so \ each two drams, the things to be bruised

profitable in fevers taken downwards

as being bruised, take of fresh Polypodium
j

authors say, for it is a very violent purge. j

three ounces, sweet Fennel seeds six drams,
Diaprunum Lenitive. \
boil them in four pounds of water till the

College.] Take one hundred Damask j third part be consumed, strain it, and with
Prunes, boil them in water tilt they be soft, two pounds of sugar, boil the decoction
$
to

then pulp them, and in the were : the thickness of a Syrup then with the
liquor they ;

boiled in, boil gently one of Violet flowers, pulps and powder make it into an elec-
I

strain it, and with two pounds of sugar boil | tuary according to art.
It is a fine cooling purge for
it to a
Syrup, then add half a pound of the
J
Culpeper.']
334 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
any part of the body, and very gentle, it too much; you may take it in white wine,
5

may be given (an ounce, or half an ounce and keep yourself warm. If you would
;

at a time, according to the strength of the have my opinion of it, I do not like it.
\

patient) in acute, or peracute diseases, for it j Confectio Hamech.

gently loosens the belly, and adds strength,
\ College] Take of the bark of Citron,
it
helps infirmities of the liver and spleen, {Myrobalans two ounces, Myrobalans,
gouts of all sorts, quotidian, tertian, andjChebs and blacks, Violets, Colocynthis,
quartan agues, as also head-aches. It is| Polypodium of the Oak, of each one ounce
usually given in clysters. If you like to and an half, Wormwood, Thyme, of each
j

take it inwardly, you may take an onnce at half an ounce, the seeds of Annis, and
\

night going to bed ; in the morning drink Fennel, the flowers of red Roses of each
j

a draught of hot posset drink and go about* three drams, let all of them being bruised,
your business. j
be infused one day in six pounds of Whey,
Electitarium de Citro Solutivum. {
then boiled till half be consumed, rubbed
Or Electuary of Citrons, solutive. |
with your hands and pressed out to the
:

College.] Take of Citron ;

pills preserved, decoction add juice of Fumitory, pulp of
conserves of the flowers of Violets and Prunes, and Raisins of the Sun, of each
5

Bugloss, Diatragacanthum frigidum, Dia-j half a pound, white Sugar, clarified Honey,
crydium, of each half an ounce, Turbith^of each one pound, boil it to the thickness
five drams, Ginger half a dram, Sena six of Honey, strewing in towards the end.
\

drarns, sweet Fennel seeds ane dram, white Agarick trochiscated, Sena of each two
i

sugar dissolved in Rose-water, and boiled ounces, Rhubarb one ounce and an half
'

according to art, ten ounces, make a solid Epkhimum one ounce, Diacrydium six
I

electuary according to art. j drams,

Cinnamon half an ounce, Ginger
Culpeper] Here are some things very two drams, the seeds of Fumitory and
cordial, others purge violently, both putj Annis, Spikenard, of each one dram, make
together, make a composition no way pleas-; it into an electuary according to art.
ing to me; therefore I acconutit a pretty i
Culpe.pfr] The receipt is chiefly appro-
receipt, good for nothing. ;priated as a purge for melancholy and salt
Electuarittm Elescoph. ;rtegm, and diseases thence arising, as scabs,
College.] Take of Diacrydium, Turbith, itch, leprosies, cancers, infirmities of the
i

of each six drams, Cloves, Cinnamon, Gin- skin, it purges adust humours, and is good
j

ger, Myrobalans, Emblicks, Nutmegs, against madness, melancholy, forgetfulness,

;

Polypodium, of each two drams and an | vertigo. It purges very violently, and is
half, Sugar six ounces, clarified Honey ten not safe given alone. I would advise the
j

ounces, make it into an electuary according; unskilful not to meddle with it inwardly:
to art. You may give half an ounce of it in clys-
j

Culpeper.] It purges choler and flegm, | ters, in melancholy diseases, which com-
and wind from all parts of the body, helps 1 monly have astringency a constant coin-
pains of the joints and sides, the cholic, it'panion with them,
cleanses the reins and bladder, yet I advised Electiiarium Lenitivum.
you not to take too much of it at a time, for 5 Or Lenitive Electuary.
it works
pretty violently, let half an ounces College] Take of Raisins of the Sun
be the most, for such whose bodies are stoned, Polypodium of the Oak, Sena, of
i

strong, always remembering that you had jeach two ounces, Mercury one handful and
better ten times take too little, than once an half, Jujubes, Sebestens, of each twenty,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 335

Maidenhair, Violets, French Barley, of each ] in powder, and so make it into an electuary
one handful, Damask Prunes stoned, according to art.
{

Tamarinds of each six drams, Liquorice i It purges choler, and is

Culpeper.~] good
half an ounce, boil them in ten pounds ofjin tertian agues, and diseases of the
joints,
water till two parts of the three be con- it purges violently, therefore let it be
warily
sumed strain it, and dissolve in the decoc- given.
; j

tion, pulp of Cassia, Tamarinds, and fresh \

Hiera Picra simple.
Prunes, Sugar of Violets, of each six ounces, | College.'] Take of Cinnamon, Xylobal-
Sugar two pounds, at last add powder ofjsamum, or wood of Aloes, the roots of
Sena leaves, one ounce and an half, Annis Asarabacca, Spikenard, Mastich, Saffron,
>

seeds in powder, two drams to each pound ot each six drams, Aloes not washed twelve
i

of electuary, and so bring it into the form ounces and an half, clarified Honey four
;

of an electuary according to art. ;

pounds and three ounces, mix them into an
Culptper.~] It gently opens and molifies
| electuary according to art. Also you may
the bowels, brings forth choler, flegm, and keep the species by itself in your
>
shops,
melancnoly, and that without trouble, it is | Culpeper.~] It is an excellent remedy for

cooling, and therefore is profitable in pleu- vicious juices which lie furring the tunicle
{

risies, and for wounded people : A man of of the stomach, and such idle fancies and
i

reasonable strength may take an ounce symptoms which the brain suffers thereby,
I

of it going to bed, which will work next whereby some think they see, others that
\

morning. .
'hey hear strange things, especially when
Electtiariiim Passulatum. are in bed, and between sleeping and
jthey
College] Take of fresh Poly podium P' akin g besides this, it very gently purges
:

roots three ounces, fresh Marsh-mallow the belly, and helps such women as are not
\
sufficientlv P^ged after their travail,
roots, Sena, of each two ounces, AnmYj
seeds two drams, steep them in a glazed j * m [ Z-
h A
Take of species Hiera, simple
vessel, in a sufficient quantity of spring- College.^
without Aloes, Agarick trochiscated, of
water, boil them according to art; strain it [
each half an oun e Aloes not washed one
and with pulp of Raisins of the Sun half a j
'

ounce clari "ed Honey six ounces, mix it,

-
pound, white Sugar, Manna, of each four!
and make !t mto an Actuary according to
ounces, boil it to the thickness of a Cydo-
j
niate, and renew it four times a year.
Culpeper.] Look but to the virtues of
Culpeper.-] It gentlv purges both choler | 4
and melancholy, cleanses the reins and Agarick and add them to the virtues of the
|

former recei so 1S * he business done with-

bladder, and therefore is good for the stone j P> trouble.
and gravel in the kidneys! out
!
an y further
; Hiera Loqadn.
Eleduanum e succo Rosarum. <
Take of Coloquintida, Poly-
College.']
Or Electuary of the Juice of Roses. podium,
{
of each two drams, Euphorbium,
College.] Take of Sugar, the juice of Poley mountain, the seeds of Spurge, of
\

red Roses clarified, of each a pound and each one dram and an half, and six grains,
j

four ounces, the three sorts of Sanders of \ Wormwood, Myrrh, of each one dram and
each six drams, Spodium three drams, twelve grains, Centaury the less, Agarick,
i

Diacydonium twelve drams, Camphire a j Gum Ammoniacum, Indian leaf or Mace,

scruple, let the juice be boiled with the Spikenard, Squills prepared, Diacrydiuin
j

sugar to its just thickness, then add the rest of each one dram, Aloes, Thyme Ilernian-
'

4 11
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
der, Cassia Lignea, Bdellum, Horehound, half an ounce, filings of steel prepared with
I

of each one scruple and fourteen grains, Vinegar twenty drams, let the Myrobalans
j

Cinnamon, Oppopanax, Castorium, long be roasted with fresh butter, let therest, being
j

Birlhwort, the three sorts of Pepper, j powdered, be sprinkled with oil of sweet
Sagapen, Saffron, Parsley of each twodrams, | Almonds, then add Musk one dram, and
Hellebore black and white, of each six
pvith their treble weight in Honey, make it
grains, clarified Honey pound and half, into an electuary according to art.
a a J

mix them, and make of them an electuary Culpeper.']

! It helps the immoderate
according to art. Let the species be kept i flowing of the menses in women, and the
dry in your shops. haemorrhoids in men, it helps weakness of
|

Culpeper.'] It takes away by the roots the stomach, and restores colour lost, it
|

daily evils coming of melancholy, falling- frees the body from crude humours, and
j
sickness, vertigo, convulsions, megrim, |
strengthens the bladder, helps melancholy,
leprosies, and many other infirmities; for J
and rectifies the distempers of the spleen,
rny part I should be loth to take it inwardly j
You may take a dram in the morning, or
unless upon desperate occasions, or in \ two
your body be any thing strong,
if
It may well take
clysters. away diseases | Tnphera sohitive.
by the roots, if it takes
away life and all. College.']
\
Take of Diacrydium, ten
Hiera Diacolocynthidos. drams, Turbith, an ounce and an half,
\

College.'] Take of Colocynthis, Agarick, Cardamoms the less, Cloves, Cinnamon,

?

Germander, white Horehound, Stoechas, on Honey, of each three drams, yellow San-
each ten drams, Opopanax, Sagapen, Parsley ders, Liquorice, sweet Fennel seeds, of each
;

seeds, round Birlhwort roots, white Pepper half an ounce, Acorns, Schoenanth, of each
j
of each five drams, Spikenard, Cinnamon, a dram, red Roses, Citron pills preserved,
i

Myrrh, Indian leaf or Mace, Saffron, of 'of each three drams, Violets two drams,
each four drams, bruise the Gums in a Penids four ounces, white Sugar half a
\

mortar, sift the rest, and with three pounds t

pound, Honey clarified in juice of Apples
of clarified honey, three ounces and five one pound, make an electuary according to
j

drams, make it into an electuary according {

art.
to art.
Culpeper.'] The Diacrydium and Tur-
Culpeper.] It
helps the falling-sickness, bith, are a couple of untoward purges, the
madness, and the pain in the head called i rest are all cordials.
Kephalalgia, pains in the breastand stomach \
Athanasia Mithridatis. Galen,
whether they come by sickness or bruises, ;
College.^ Take of Cinnamon, Cassia,
pains in the loins or back-bone, hardness of! Schoenanth, of each an ounce and an half,
womens breasts, putrefaction of meat in the | Saffron, Myrrh, of each one ounce, Costus
stomach, and sour belchings. It is butjSpignel, (Meum,) Acorus, (Water-flag
used seldom and therefore hard to be gotten, perhaps they mean. See the root in the
j

Tnphera the greater. Catalogue of Simples,) Agarick, Scordium,

\

College.'] Take of Myrobalans, Chebs, Carrots, Parsley, of each half an ounce,

\

Bellericks, Inds and Emblicks, Nutmegs, white Pepper eleven grains, Honey so much
j
of each five drams, Water-cress seeds, ! as is sufficient to make it into an electuar}'
Asarabacca roots, Persian Origanum, or \ according to art.
eisc i>ittapy of Crete, black
Pepper, Oli- Culpeper.']
j
It prevails against poison,
Daman, Amtni, Ginger, Tamarisk, Indian | and the bitings of venomous beasts, and
Nard, Squinanth, Cypress roots of each i helps such whose meat putrifies in their
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 337

stomach, stays vomiting of blood, helps j

Calamitis two drams and an half,
Sugar
old coughs, and cold diseases in the liver, i dissolved in Hyssop water, and clarified
spleen, bladder, and matrix. The dose is 1
Honey, of each twice the weight of all the
half a dram. i;
rest, make them into an electuary accord-
Electuarium scoriaferri. Rhasis. ing to art.

College.'] Take of the flakes of Iron in- Culpeper.] The electuary is chiefly ap.
fused in Vinegar seven days and dried, ;
;

propriated lo the lungs, and helps cold in-

three drams, Indian Spikenard, Schoenanth, { firmities of them, as asthmaes, coughs, dif-
*i *-* -r* T> i > __i / i. r i . i

Cypress, Ginger, Pepper, Bishop's weed, ficulty of breathing, &c. You may take it
Frankincense, of each half an ounce, with a Liquorice stick, or on the point of
Myrobalans, Indian Bellericks, and Em- a knife, a little of it at a time, and often.
blicks, Honey boiled with the decoction Diasaiyrion. Nich.
of Emblicks, sixteen ounces, mix them College.] Take of the roots of Satyriou
together, and make of them an electuary. fresh and sound, garden Parsnips, Eringo,
Culpeper.~\ The medicine heats the spleen Pine-nuts, Indian Nuts, or if Indian Nuts,
gently, purges melancholy, eases pains in be wanting, take the double quantity of
the stomach and spleen, and strengthens [ Pine-nuts, Fistic-nuts, of each one ounce
digestion. People that are strong may take j and an half, Cloves, Ginger, the seeds of
'
half an ounce in the morning fasting, and Annis, Rocket, Ash Keys, of each five
-

weak people three drams. It is a good | drams, Cinnamon, the tails and loins of
remedy for pains and hardness of the Scincus,the seeds of Bui bus Netties, of each
|

spleen. two drams and an half, Musk seven grains,

J
'

Confectio Humain. Mesua. of the best sugar dissolved in Malaga Wine,

College^] Take of Eyebright two ounces, three pounds, make it into an electuary
Fennel seeds five drams, Cloves, Cinnamon, according to art.
Cubebs, long Pepper, Mace, of each one | CulpcperJ] It helps weakness of the
dram, beat them all into powder, and with reins and bladder, and such as make water
clarified Honey one pound, in which boil with difficulty, it provokes lust exceedingly,

juice of Fennel one ounce, juice of Celan- and speedily helps such as are impotent in
dine and Rue, of each half an ounce, and the acts of Venus. You may take two
with the powders make it up into an elec- drams or more at a time.
tuary. Matthiolus's great antidote against Poison
CulpeperJ\ It is chiefly appropriated to and Pestilence.
the brain and heart, quickens the senses, College.] Take of Rhubarb, Rhapontic,
especially the sight, and resists the pesti-
Valerian roots, the roots of Acorus, or
lence. You may take half a dram if your Calamus Aromaticus, Cypress, Cinquefoyl,
Krvrl r V\f\ Vn~if n *-]OTV \f r*r\\A in tV mnrninnr
be hot, a dram if cold, in the morning Tormentil, round Birthwort, male Peony,
J
*
body
fasting. |
Elecampane, Costus, Illirick, Orris, white
Diaireos Solomonis. Nich. j Chamelion, or Avens, of each three drams,
Take of Orris roots one ounce, the Roots of Galanga, Masterwort, white
College.'] j

Pennyroyal, Hyssop, Liquorice, of each six ( Dictamni, Angelica, Yarrow, Fillipcndula

drams, Tragacanth, white Starch, bitter j or Dropwort, Zedoary, Ginger, of each
Almonds, Pine-nuts, Cinnamon, Ginger, {two drams, Rosemary, Gentian, Devil's-bit,
of each three drams, fat Figs, the of each two drams and an half, the seeds
!
Pepper,
and Agnus Castus, the berries
pulp of Raisins of the Sun, and Dates, of {of Citrons,
each three drams and an half, Styrax, {of Kermes, the seeds of Ash-treer Sorrel*
338 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
wild Parsnips, Navew, Nigella, Peony the! choice Honey eight pounds six ounces,
male, Bazil, Hedge Mustard, (Irio) Treacle These being all chosen, and prepared with
!

Mustard, Fennel, Bishop's-weed, of each diligence and art, let them be made into an
i

two drams, the berries of Bay, Juniper, | electuary just as Treacle or Mithridate is.
and Ivy, Sarsaparilla, (or for want of it the CulpeperJ] The title shews you the scope
j

double weight of Cubebs,) Cubebs, of each jof the author in compiling it, I believe it is
one dram and an half, the leaves of Scor- excellent for those uses. The dose of this
j

dium, Germander, Chamepitys, Centaury 5 from a scruple to four scruples, or a dram

is

the less, Stoechas, Celtic Spikenard, Gala-; and an half: It provokes sweating abun-
ininth, Rue, Mints, Bctony, Vervain, |danlly, and in this or any other sweating
Scabious, Carduus Benediclus, Bawm, of | medicine, order your body thus: Take it in
each one dram and an half, Dittany of! bed, and cover yourself warm, in your
Crete three drains, Maijoram, St. John's sweating, drink posset-drink as hot as you
\

Wort, Schoenanlh, Horehound, Goats Rue, 'can, if it be fora fever, boil Sorrel and red
Savin, Burnel, cf each two drams, Figs, | Sage in posset-drink, sweat an hour or two if
Walnuts, Fistic-nuts, of each three ounces, your strength will bear it, then the chamber
j

Emblicks, Myrobalans half an ounce, the being kept very warm, shift yourself all but
\

flowers of Violets, Borrage, Bugloss, Roses, your head, about which (your cap which
\

Lavender, Sage, Rosemary, of each four you sweat in being kept on) wrap a hot
\

will be a means to
scruples, Saflron tlireedrams, Cassia Lignea, napkin, which
j repel the
ten drams, Cloves, Nutmegs, Mace, of each back. This I hold the best method
j.vapours
two drams and an half, black Pepper, long! for sweating in levers and pestilences, in
Pepper, all the three sorts of Sanders, wood which this electuary is very good. I am
|

of Aloes, of each one dram and an half, very loth to leave out this medicine, which
|

Hart's-horn half an ounce, Unicorn's-horn, if it were stretched out, and cut in thongs,
j

or in its stead, Bezoar stone, one dram, would reach round the world,
i

bone in a Stag's heart, Ivory, Stag's pizzlr, j Requics. Nicholaus.

Castoreum, of each four scruples, Earth of J
College.'] Take of red Rose leaves, the
Lemnos three drams, Opium one dram and whites being cut off, blue Violets, of each
;

an half, Orient Pearls, Emeralds, Jacinth,; three drams, Opium of Thebes, dissolved
red Coral, of each one dram and an half, Jin Wine, the seeds of white Henbane,
Camphire two drarns,Gum Arabic, Mastich, Poppies white and black, the roots of Man-
i

Frankincense, Styrax, Turpentine, Saga- drakes, theseeds of Endive, Purslain, garden

\

penum, Opopanax, Laserpitium, or Myrrh, Lettuce, Psyllium, Spodium, Gum, Traga-

|

of each two drams and an half, Musk, canth, of each IAVO scruples and five grains,
|

Ambergris, of each one dram, oil of Vitriol Nutmegs, Cinnamon, Ginger, of each a dram
|

half an ounce, species cordiales temperatae, and an half. Sanders, yellow, white, and
|

Diamargariton, Diamoscu, Diambra, Elec- red, of each a dram and an haJf, Sugar
j

tuarij de Gemmis, Troches of Camphire, tnree times their weight, dissolved in Rose-
|

of Squills, of each two drams and an half, water mix them together, and make of
; :

Troches of Vipers two ounces, the juice of them an electuary according to art.
|

Sorrel, Sow Thistles, Scordium, Vipers Bug-; Culpeper.~\ I like not the receipt taken
loss, Borrage, Bawm, of each half a pound, inwardly.
i

Hypocistis two drams, of the best Treacle ; Electuarium Reginte Coloniens.

and Mithridate, of each six ounces, old* CollegeJ] Take of the seeds of Saxifrage
Wine three pounds, of the best Sugar, or; and Gromwell, juice of Liquorice, of each
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 389

half an ounce, the seeds of Caraway, Aggregative.

Annis, Smallage, Fennel, Parsley of Mace- Citron, Myrobalans,
College.] Take of
donia, Broom, Carrots, Bruscus, Asparagus, Rhubarb, of each half an ounce, juice of
Lovage, Cummin, Juniper, _Rue, Siler j Agrimony and Wormwood made thick, of
Mountain, the seeds of Acorus, Pennyroyal, each two drams, Diagridium five drams,
Cinquefoyl, Bay berries, of each two drams, Agarick, Colocynthis, Polypodium of each
Indian Spikenard, Schoenanth, Amber, itwodrams,Turbith, Aloes, of each six drams,
Valerian, Hog's Fennel, Lapis Lincis, of Mastich, red Roses, Sal. Gem. Epithymum,
each a dram and an half, Galanga, Ginger, Annis, Ginger, of each a dram, with Syrup
Turbith, of each two drams, Sena an ounce, of Damask Roses, make it into a mass
Goat's blood prepared half an ounce, mix J according to art.
them together first beat them into powder, *
:
CulpeperJ] It purges the head of choler,
then make them into an electuary accord- flegm and melancholy, and that stoutly it :
j

ing to art, with three times their weight in is good against quotidian agues, and faults
\

Sugar dissolved in white Wine. in the stomach and liver, yet because it is
j

Culpeper .] It is an excellent remedy for! well corrected if you take but half a dram
the stone and wind cholic, a dram of it | at a time, and keep yourself warm, I sup-
taken every morning I assure such as are I pose you may take it without danger,
:

troubled with such diseases, I commend it Pilulce Aloephanginee.

?

to them as a jewel. 1 College.']

Take of Cinnamon, Cloves,

== Cardamoms the less, Nutmegs, Mace, Cala-

mus ArornaticuSjCarpobalsamum, or Juniper
berries, Squinanth, Wood of Aloes, yellow
PILLS. Sanders, red Roses dried, Wormwood, of
;

~ , T..,,
-i n j each half an ounce, let the tincture be taken
, ;
Pills in Greek are called,
v Culpeper.\
.,
out ofr these,' being grossly bruised in spirit
; , i

T * n-i u-
w
/ }

Katopotm in Latin P^te: which signifies

i . i

^^
i

5
f the ves sel being close stopped in
^
;
httle balls, because they are made up in such
'

a form, that thay may be the better swallow-

ed down, by reason of the offensiveness of
j
fc

j solyed)
A,
d
.

add MfM
f
j

Qne ..^
being
d which
raincd

^
Myrrhj of eac g half
^^ ,

taste>
. .
an ounce, Saffron two drams, Balsam of
j
PilulcB de Aganco. Peru one dram, the superfluous liquor being
j

Or Pills of Agarick consumed, either over hot ashes, or a bath,

,

College^] Take of Agarick three drams, bring it into a mass of pills,

i

our own blue Orris roots, Mastich, Hore- CulpeperJ] It cleanses both stomach ami
;

hound, of each one dram, Turbith five brain of gross and putrified humours,
1
and
drams, Species Hiera Picra half an ounce, | sets the senses free when they are thereby
Sarcocol, of each two drams, troubled, it cleanses the brain offended by
Colocynthis, j

Myrrh one dram, Sapa as much as is suf- { ill humours, wind, &c. helps vertigo and
ficient to make it into a mass according to head-aches, and strengthens the brain ex-
J

art. 1
ceedingly, helps concoction,
and strengthens
Culpeper.'] It was invented to cleanse the stomach, one dram taken at night going
;

the breast and lungs of flegrn, it works to bed, will work gently next day it the
|
:

pretty strongly. Half a dram at a time \ party be weak, you may give less, if strong
If you take but half a dram, you
(keeping yourself warm,) cannot well do you | more. ore.

narm, unless your body be verv weak. may

ay ggo abroad the next day but if yon take
5 :

4 s
G40 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
a dram, you may keep the house ; there j Pibda Cochiee, the greater.
can be no harm in that. j College.'] Take of Species, Hiera Picra,
Pilules de Aloe Lota. \
ten drams, Troch, Alhandal, three drams
Or of washed Aloes.
Pills and an half, $ Diacrydium two drams and
College.']
Take of Aloes washed with an half, Turbith,
\ Stoechas, of each five
juice of red Roses, one ounce, Agarick three drams, with a sufficient
\ quantity of Syrup
drams, Mastich two drams, Diamoscu of Stoechas, make it
j
into a mass, according
a
Dulce half dram, Syrup of Damask-roses, to art. j

so much as is sufficient to make it into a

It is held to
j
purge the head,
Culpcper.~]
mass according to art. j
but
but a dogged purge at best, and
it is

both brain, stomach, must be given only to

Culpeper.~] It purges j strong bodies, and
bowels, and eyes of putrified humours, and but half a dram at a time, and yet with
j

also strengthens them. Use these as 'die j great care,

succeeding. Pilulte Cochite, the less.

Aloe Rosata. College^] Take of Aloes, Scammony,

College^] Take of Aloes in powder four^Colocynthis, of each one ounce, with
equal
ounces, juice of Damask Roses clarified one parts of Syrup of Wormwood, and of purg-
j

pound, mix them and digest them in the ing thoin, make it into a mass according to
>

sun, or in a bath, till the superfluous liquor} art.

be drawn off, digest it, and evaporate itj Pilula de Cynoglosso.
four times over, and keep the mass. Or Pills of Hound's-tongue.
Culpeper.'] It is a gallant gentle purger of j College.'] Take of the Roots of Hound's
choler, frees the stomach from superfluous tongue dried, white Henbane seed, Opium
i

humours, opens stoppings, and other infir- j prepared, of each half an ounce, Myrrh
mities of the body proceeding from choler six drams, Olibanum five drams, Saffron,
j

and flegm, yellow jaundice, &c. and Castoreum, Styrax, Calamitis, of each one
as j

strengthens the body exceedingly. Take a dram and an half, with Syrup of Stoechas.,
j

scruple, or half a dram at night going to make it into a mass. j

bed, you may walk abroad, for it will hardly Culpeper.~] It stays hot rheums that fall
!

work till next day in the afternoon. down upon the lungs, therefore is good in
\

Pilules Aureee.
j phthisics, also it mitigates pain, a scruple is
College^] Take of Aloes, Diacrydium, j
enough to take at a time going to bed, and
of each drams, red Roses, Smallagejtoo much if your body be weak have a
five :

seeds, of each two drams and an half, the care of opiates for fear they make you sleep
|

seeds of Annis and Fennel, of each one your last, i

dram and an half, Mastich, Saffron, Troch, Pilulce ex Duobits.

\

Alhandal, of each one dram, with a sufficient Or Pills of two things,

i

quantity of Honey Roses, make it into a? College.'] Colocynthis, and

Take of
mass according to art. i
Scamony, of each one ounce, oil of Cloves
Culpeper.~\ They are held to purge the \ as much as is sufficient to malax them well,
head, to quicken the senses, especially the then with a Syrup of purging Thorn,
little

sight, and to expel

wind from the bowels, \
make it into a mass,
but works something harshly. Haifa dram i Pilules de Eupatorio.
is the utmost dose, keep the fire, take them
j
Or of Eupatorium.
Pills
in the morning, and sleep after them, they? College.'] Take of the juice of Maudlin,
will work before noon. and Wormwood made thick, Citron, Myro-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 341

balans, of each three drams, Rhubarb three j dram and an half, with the Syrup of the
drams and an half, Mastich one dram, Aloes juice of Coleworts made with honey, make it
:

five drams, Saffron half a dram, Syrup of* into a mass according to art.
the juice of Endive, as much as is sufficient! Culpeper.~\ They are good against the
to make it into a mass. gout, and
I other cold afflictions of the joints
Culpeper.'] It is a gallant gentle purge, These jare more moderate by half than
and strengthening, fitted for such bodies as Pilulte Foetidee, and appropriated to the
j

are much weakned by disease of choler. j same diseases.

The author appropriates it to such as have Pilul< de Hiera cum Agarico.
tertian agues, the yellow jaundice, ob- Or
Hiera with Agarick.
Pills of
structions or stoppings of the liver half a
;
College.'] Take of Species Hiera Picra,
dram taken at night going to bed, will workj Agarick, of each half an ounce, Aloes one
with an ordinary body, the next day by ounce, Honey Roses so much as is sufficient
\

noon. to make it into a mass according to art.

|

PHulee Fcetidtf. Pihdce Imperiales.

Or Stinking Pills. Or Imperial Pills.
College.'] Take of Aloes, Colocynthis, | College.']
Take of Aloes two ounces,
Arnmoniacum,Sagapen, Myrrh, Rue-seeds, Rhubarb one ounce and an half, Agarick,
\

Epithymum, of each five drams, Scamony Sena, of each one ounce, Cinnamon three
!

three drams, the roots of Turbith half an drams, Ginger two drams, ^Nutmegs, Cloves,
!

ounce, the roots of Spurge the less prepared, Spikenard, Mastich, of each one dram.
\

Hermodactils of each two drams, Ginger with Syrup of Violets, make it into a mass
one dram and an half, Spikenard, Cinnamon, according to art.

Saffron, Castoreum, of each one dram, Culpeper.'] It cleanses the body of mixt

Euphorbium prepared two scruples, dissolve humours, and strengthens the stomach, ex-
the Gums in juice of Leeks, and with ceedingly, as also the bowels, liver, and

Syrup made with the juice of Leeks and natural spirits it is

good for cold natures,
:

Sugar, make it into a mass. 5 and cheers the spirits.

The dose is a scruple
They purge gross and raw j or half a dram, taken at night,
Culpeper.]
and diseases thereof arising gouts Pilule de Lapide Lazuli.
tiegm, ; j

of all sorts, pains in the back-bone, and j Or Pills of Lapis Lazuli,

other joints: it is good against leprosies,! College.']
Take of Lapis Lazuli in pow-
and other such like infirmities of the skin, and well washed, five drams, Epithy-
jder
I fancy not the receipt much.
j
Agarick, of each an
mum, Polypodium,
Pilules dc Hermodactilis. i ounce, Scarnony, black Hellebore roots
Or Pills of Hermodactils. |Sal. Gem. of each
two drams and an half,
College.] Take of Sagapen six drams, Cloves, Annis seeds, of each half an ounce,
j
fifteen drams, with
Opopanax three drams, melt them in warm Species Hiera simple
I

so much as is sufficient, Syrup of the juice of Fumitory, make it

juice of Coleworts,
I

then strain it through a convenient rag, into amass according to art.

:

afterwards boil it to a mean thickness, then j It purges melancholy very

Culpeper.']
take of Hermodactils, Aloes, Citron, Myro- violently, j

balans, Turbith, Coloquintida, soft Bdellium, j

Ptiul* Maori,
of each six .drams, Euphorbium prepared, College.']
;
Take of Aloes two ounces,
the seeds of Rue and Smallage, Castoreum, j Mastich half an ounce, dried Marjoram two
Wormwood one dram, make
Sarcocol, of each three drams, Saffron one drams, Salt of
342 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
them being in powder, into amass ac-;the Gums being dissolved in clarified juice
all,
with juice of Coleworts and of Coleworts, with
to art
cording \Syrup of the juice of
Sugar, so much as is sufficient. Coleworts, make them into a mass accord-
j

Culpeper] It strengthens both stomach f ing to art.

and brain, especially the nerves and mus- Culpeper] It helps tremblings, palsies,
1

cles, and eases them of such humours as! gouts of all sorts, cleanses the joints, and is-
afflict them, and hinder the motion of the!
helpful for such as are troubled with cold
body, they open obstructions of the liver ! afflictions of the nerves. It works violently.
and spleen, and takes away diseases thence \ Pilules Rudii.
coming. Take of Coloquintida six drams,
College.']
Pilula Mastichina:. j Agarick, Scamony, the roots of black Helle-
Or Mastich Pills. |
bore, and Turbith, of each half an ounce,
College.] Take of Mastich two Aloes one ounce, Diarrhodon Abbatis half
ounces, j

Jan ounce, let all of them (the Diarrh. Abbatis

Aloes four ounces, Agarick, Species Hiera
simple, of each one ounce and an half, excepted) be grossly bruised, and infused
j

with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a eight days in the best spirits of Wine in a
\

mass according to art. j

vessel close stopped, in the sun, so that the

Culpeper] They purge very gently, but |

liquor may swim at top the breadth of six
stiengthen much, both head, brain, eyes, fingers afterwards infuse the Diarrhodou
:

belly, and reins. \

Abbatis in the same manner four days in
Pilulee Mechoacarue. jAqua vitse, then having strained and
Or of Mechoacan.
Pills {pressed them hard, mix them both together,
College] Take of Mechoacan roots half j casting the dross away, and draw off the
an ounce, Turbith three drams, the leaves moisture in a glass Alembick, and let the
|

of Spurge steeped in Vinegar and dried, j thick matter remain in a mass,

the seeds of Walwort, Agarick trochiscated, Culptper]
! It cleanses both head and
of each two drains, Spurge roots prepared, body of choler, flegm, and melancholy it
i; :

Mastich, of each one dram and an half, must not be taken in any great quantity,
Mace, Cinnamon, Sal. Gem. of each two half a dram is sufficient for the strongest
scruples, beat them into powder, and with body.
white Wine, bring them into a mass. When i Russi.
it is dry, beat it into powder, and with Syrup College] Take of Aloes two ounces,
made with the juice of Orris roots and sugar, Myrrh one ounce, Saffron half an ounce,
make it the second time into a mass for with Syrup of the juice of Lemons, make
it into a mass according to art.
pills.
Culpeper] They purge flegm very Culpeper] A
scruple taken at night
violently. going to bed, is an excellent preservative in
Pilulee de Opopanaee. times; also they cleanse the
pestilential
Or Pills of Opopanax. body of such\humours as are gotten by sur-
College] Take of Opopanax, Sagapen, j feits, they strengthen the heart, and weak
Bdellium, Ammoniacum, Hermodactils, stomachs, and work so easily that you need
{

Coloquintida, of each five drains, Saffron, not fear following your business the next
j

Castoreum, Myrrh, Ginger, white Pepper, day. j

Cassia Lignea, Citron, Myrobalans, of each | Pilulee sine Quibus.
one dram, Scamony two drams, Turbith Or Pills without which
j
half an ounce, Aloes an ounce and an half, : College] -Take of washed Aloes fourteen
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 313

drains, Scammony prepared six drams, of each two drams, Aloes five drains, Agaric
Agarick, Rhubarb, Sena, of each half an; a dram and an half, long Birthwort half a
ounce, Wormwood, red Roses exungulated, dram, with Syrup of Wormwood make it
'

Violet flowers, Dodder, Mastich, of each \ into a mass.

one dram, salt of Wormwood, of each half Culpeper.'] It amends the evil state of a
j
a dram, with Syrup of the juice of Fennel! woman's body, strengthens
conception, and
made with Honey, make it into a mass I takes away what hinders it it gently purges ;

according to art. choler and flegm, and leaves a binding,

\

Culpeper.'] It purges flegm, choler, and j strengthening quality

behind it.
melancholy from the head, makes the sight Pilula: ex Tribus.
and hearing good, and gives ease to a bur- Or Pills of three things,
dened brain. College.'] Take of Mastich two ounces,
Pilulfe Stomachue. Aloes four ounces, Agarick, Hiera
\
simple,
Or Stomach Pills. of each an ounce and an half, Rhubarb two
j

College.']
Take of Aloes six drams, Cinnamon two drams, with Syrup of
jounces,
Mastich, red Roses, of each two drams, Succory, make it into a mass according to
$

with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a art.

mass according to art. Culpeper.'] They gently purge choler,
Citlpepcr-] They cleanseand strengthen the and help diseases thence arising, as itch,
stomach, they cleanse but gently, strengthen scabs, wheals,
i
c. They strengthen the
much, help digestion. stomach and liver, and open obstructions, as
Pilul(E Stomachiet cum Gummi. also help the yellow jaundice.
Or Stomach Pills with Gums. Pilules Turpeti Aurete.
Take ofc i~li
rr\ i
i ^i i

College.']
Take of Aloes an ounce, Sena* College.] Turbith two ounces,
hve drams, Gum Amoniacum dissolved in j Aloes an ounce and an half, Citron Myro-
Elder-flower Vinegar half an ounce, Mastich, t balans ten drams, red Roses, Mastich, of
Myrrh, of each a dram and an half, Saffron, I each six drams, Saffron three drams, beat
salt of Wormwood, of each half a drain, j them all into powder, and with Syrup of
with Syrup of purging Thorn, make it into* Wormwood bring them into a mass.
a mass according to art. Culpeper^] They purge choler and flegm,
Culpeper."] They work more strongly and that with as much gentleness as can be
than the former. desired ; also they strengthen the stomach
!

Pilulce e Styrace. land and help digestion.

liver,
Or Pills of Styrax. Laudanum.
College^] Take of Styrax Calamitis, College^]
|
Take of Thebane Opium ex-
Olibanum, Myrrh, juice of Liquorice, traded|
in spirit of Wine, one ounce, Saffron
Opium, of each half an ounce, with Syrup! alike extracted, a dram and an half, Cas-
of white Poppies, make it into a mass ac- torium one dram
{
let them be taken in :

to art. tincture of half an ounceof species Diambrae

cording \

Culpeper.'] They help such as are newly made in spirit of Wine, add to them
I

troubled with defluxion of rheum, coughs, Ambergris, Musk, of each six grains,
>

and provoke sleep to such as cannot sleep 'oil of Nutmegs ten drops, evaporate the
j

for moisture away in a bath, and leave the

coughing. j

Pilulce^de Succino. \ mass.

Or Pills of Amber It was invented (and a gal-
Culpeper.]
College.~]
Take of white Amber, Mastich, j
lant invention it is) to mitigate violent
4 T
344 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
pains, stop the fumes that trouble the brain seldom used, and therefore are hardly to be
|

in fevers, (but beware of Opiates in the be- had.

j

ginning of fevers) to provoke sleep, take not: Pills of Rhubarb. Mesue.

above two grains of it at a time, going to College.^ Take
i
of choice Rhubarb three
bed if that provoke not sleep, the next; drams, Citron Myrobalans, Trochisci Diarr-
;

night you may make bold with three. Havejhodon, of each three drams and an half,
a care how you be too busy with such? juice of Liquorice, and juice of Worm-
medicines, lest you make a man sleep to wood, Mastich, of each one dram, the seeds
j

doom's-day. jof Smallage

and Fennel, of each half a
Nepenthes Opiatum. dram, Species Hiera Picra simp. Galeni,
;

College.'] Take of tincture of Opium ten drains, with juice of Fennel not clarified,
j

made first with distilled Vinegar, then with and HoncJ so much as 1S sufficient, make it
j

inl a mass
spirit of Wine, Saffron extracted in spirit of
-

It purges choler, opens ob-

Wine, of each an ounce, salt of Pearl and Culpeper.] i

structions of the liver, helps the yellow

Coral, of each half an ounce, tincture of;
species Diambrae seven drams, Ambergris :J
aundlce > and dro P si e s the beginning, m
one dram bring them into the form of Pills strengthens the stomach and lungs,
: !

PdulaAralica Nicholaus
by the gentle heat of a bath.
The operation is like the! College.] Take of the best Aloes four
Culpeper.-]
former ounces Brjony roots, Myrobalans, Citrons, >

T,., , ,,
, A .
*Chebs, Indian Bellerick, and Emblick,
Jrihiltf Assaireth. Avicenna. -..- .', A T> -,->.. ,

T mTake ofe c , IT- TV Mastich, Diagrydmm, Asarabacca, Roses,

CoUege.] Species Hiera Pi era of each an ounce> Castorium three drams,
}

Galeni one ounce, Mastich, Citron Myro- Saffron one

dram> with Syrup of Worm .

batons, of each halt an ounce, Aloes two ma k e it into a mass according to art.
wood? {

ounces, the Syrup of Stcechas as much as It helps such women as are

Culpeper.l j
is sufficient, make of them a mass accord-
not sufficient y purge d i n their labour, helps
j i

in? LO 51 TL * *. _ i. _
*
1_ j. - -~1 1,1 '. V. \* .. -i-K

~. .
111 t* *
"111 1 O ^.^-' LJItAVU V/* IV_* ^-r vkJ i*\_4ii*v^^^ij
bodies are weakenetl by surfeits or ill diet,
| pMa ,
Arthritic(E , Nicholaus.
to take half a dram or a scruple at night
j
CoUege ^ Take of Hermodactils, Turbith,
going to bed.
iAgarick, of each half an ounce, Cassia
Pills Mesue.
of Bdellium.
Eignea, Indian Spikenard, Cloves, Xylobal-
j

College.~\ Take of Bdellium ten drams, samum, or Wood of Aloes, Carpobalsamum

i

Myrobalans, Bellericks, Emblicks, and or Cubebs, Mace, Galanga, Ginger, Mas-

Blacks, of each five drains, flakes of Iron, |tich, Assafoetida, the seeds of Annis, Fennel,
Leek seeds, of each three drams, Choncula Saxifrage, Sparagus, Bruscus, Roses, Grom-
{

Veneris burnt, Coral burnt, Amber, of each; well, Sal. Gem. of each two drams, Scam-
a dram and an half, Pearls half an ounce, mony one ounce, of the best Aloes, the
\

dissolve the Bdellium in juice of Leeks and weight of them all, juice of Chamepitys
!

^ith so much Syrup of juice of Leeks as is made thick with sugar, so much as is suf-
!

sufficient, make it into a mass according to ficient or Syrup of the juice of the same,
; :

art. I
so much as is sufficient to make it into a

Cttlp<'per.\
Both (his and the former are mass. \
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 34j

Culpeper.'] It helps the

gout, and other i age, Schaenanthus, Mastich, Asarabacca
pains in the joints, comforts and strengthens? roots, Cloves, Cinnamon, Cassia Lignea,
both brain and stomach, and consumes dis- Saffron, Mace, of each two drams,
i
Myro-
eases whose original comes of flegm. jbalans, Citrons, Chebuls, Indian Bellerick,
Pilulce Cochix with Helebore. |
and Emblick, Rhubarb, of each half an
College.'] Take of the powder of the ounce, Agarick, Sena, of each five drams,
j

Pills before
prescribed, the powder of the Aloes Succotrina, the weight of them all
j
:

bark of the roots of black Hellebore, one? with Syrup of the juice of Fennel make
ounce make it into a mass with Syrup of jit into a mass according to art.
:

Stoechas according to art. Culpeper.'] It purges mixt humours

Pills of Fumitory. Avicenna. from the head, and clears it of such excre-
College J] Take of Myrobalans, Citrons, ments as hinder the sight.
Chebs, and Indian Diagrydium, of each Pills of Spurge. Fernelius.
five drams, Aloes seven drams ; let all of; i
Co// J
Take of the bark of the root s
them being bruised, be thrice moistened of g ^ d twenty . four
j
the ]esS} ste
with juice of Fumitory, and thrice suffered
to dry, then brought into a mass with Syrup
hours in Vinegar & and juice of Purslain, two
|
drams< grains of Pa ma christi torrified,
|

ofiumitory by number, forty, Citron Myrobalans one

Culpeper.] It purges melancholy. Be (]ram
|
,
and an half; Germander, Chamepitys,
not too busy with it I beseech you S pi ke nard, Cinnamon, of each two scruples,
x, ?**?
J
,
M5 sTue ,?"' C '

V ,
j

i
being beaten into fine powder with an ounce
Cotfege.] lake _of Indian Myrobalans, of Gum Tragacanth dissolved in Rose
|
black Hellebore, Polypodium of the
of each five drams, Epithymum, Stoechas,
Qak,| Water and S yrup of Roses so much as is
| sufficient ]et it be ma de into a mass,
of each six drams, Aeanck, Lapis Lazuli
E^ P h, rb,. m -^/r
.
/.
Pills ' Mesue
-

often washed troches llhandal, Sal Indi, of!

each half an ounce, juice of Maudlin made College.]
t Take of Eupnorbmm, Colo-
1
Bdellium, Sagapenum,
thick, Indian Spikenard, of each two drams, cyntlus, Aganck,
Cloves
^V> \J * \Jti one dram,
VUX^ V* WA.J.J Hiera Picra
^*.\_/l^
\_.J JLJV.J. U
of each two drams, Aloes five drams, with
/*!' "II 1*
i- *
Species
It^
|^Vv\^4 _

S ru made of the juice of Leeks, make i

simplex Galeni, twelve drams, with juice of y P
into a mass
Smallaee, make it into a mass according to 5 ;
art Culpeper.^ The Pills are exceeding good
for dropsies, pains in the loins, and gouts
Culpeper.l Itwonderfully prevails against
afflictions coming of melancholy, cancers L
comi n S of a moist cause. Take not above
which are not ulcerated, leprosy, evils of| half a dram at a time and ^ P
ee the house

the mind coming of melancholy, as sad-| Pihtlte Scnbomi.

ness, fear, &c. quartan agues, jaundice, College.']

Take of Sagapen, and Myrrh,
j

pains and infirmities of the spleen. ?of each two drams, Opium, Cardamoms,
Pilules Lucis Majorcs. Mesue. \ Castorium, of each one dram, white Pep-
College.'] Take of Roses, Violets, Worm- j per half a dram, Sapa so much as is siif-
wood, Colocynthis, Turbith, Cubebs, Cala- ficient to make it into a mass according to
j

mus Arornaticus, Nutmegs, Indian Spike-; art.

nard, It is appropriated to such as
Epithimum, Carpobalsamum, or| Culpeper.^
nstead thereof, Cardamoms, Xylabalsamum, have phthisicks, and such as spit
I blood, but
or Wood of Aloes, the seeds of Seseli or ought to be newly made, a scruple
j
is suf-

Harlwort, Rue, Annis, Fennel and Small- \ ficient taken going to bed.
 THE COMPLE'IE HERBAL
iwith their treble weight in sugar make them
nto P ow ^ er an(l w ith a sufficient
TROCHES i
*

of Mussilage of Gum Tragacanth, made

quantity

Trochisci de Absinthio. treacle water distilled, make it into

jinto
Or Troches of Wormwood. jpaste, of which make troches.
College.'] Take of
red Roses, Wormwood | Culpeper.~] This preserves the body from
leaves, Annis seeds, of each two drams, ill airs, and epidemical diseases, as the pes -
j v

juice of Maudlin made thick, the roots of small pox, c. and

strengthens the
jtilence,
Asarabacca, Rhubarb, Spikenard, Smallage heart exceedingly, eating now and then a
I

seeds, bitter Almonds, Mastich, Mace, of little: you may safely keep any troches in
j

each one dram, juice of Succory so much your pocket, for the drier you keep them,
|

as is sufficient to make it into troches ac- j

the better they are.
cording to art. Trochisci Alhandal.

Culpeper."] They strengthen the stomach \ College.'] Take of Coloquintida freed

exceedingly, open obstructions, or stopp- from the seeds and cut small, and rubbed
j

ings of the belly and bowels : strengthen with an ounce of oil of Roses, then beaten
j

digestion, open the passages of the liver, into fine powder, ten ounces,
j
Arabic, Gum
help the yellow jaundice, and consume \ Tragacanth, Bdellium, of each six drams.
watery superfluities of the body. They are Steep the Gums three or four days in a suf-
5

somewhat bitter, and seldom taken alone quantity of Rose-water till they be
; j ficient
if your pallate affect bitter things, you may melted, then with the aforesaid pulp, and
take a dram of them in the morning They part of the said mussilage, let them be
:

cleanse the body of choler, but purge not, dried in the shadow, then beaten again,
or not to any purpose. and with the rest of the mussilage, make ir
Agaricus Trochiscatus. up again, dry them and keep them for use.
Or Agarick Trochiscated. CnlpepcrJ] They are too violent for a
Take of sifted and vulgar use.
College.'] Agarick j

powdered, three ounces, steep it in a suf-| Trochisci Aliptte Moschala.

ficient quantity of white Wine, in which' College^] Take of Labdanum bruised
two drains of ginger have been infused, and ( three ounces, Styrax Calamitis one ounce
make it into troches. > and an half, Benjamin one ounce, Wood of
Trochisci Albi. Rhasis. \
two drams, Ambergris one dram,
Aloes
Or white Troches. Camphire half a dram, Musk half a scruple,
'

College.^ Take of Ceruss washed in ! with a sufficient, quantity of Rose-water,

Rosewater ten drams, Sarcocol three drams, make it into troches according to art.
J

white Starch two drams, Gum Arabic and Citlpeper.~\ It is singularly good for such
j

Tragacanth, of each one dram, Camphire as are asthmatic, and can hardly fetch their
|

half a dram, cither with Rosewater, or I breath; as also for young children, whose
women's milk, or make it into troches ac-j throat is so narrow that they can hardly
cording to art. swallow down their milk.
1

Trochisci Alcxite.ru. Trochisci Alkekengi.

College.'] Take of Zedoary roots, pow- j

Or Troches
of Winter-cherries,
der of Crab's Claws, of eacli one dram, j College^] Take of Winter Cherries three
and an half, the outward Citron preserved | drams, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, Oliba-
and dried, Angelica seeds, Pills, of each j mini, Drago-n's-blood, Pine-nuts, bitter
one dram, Bole-amoniac half a dram, 5 Almonds, white Styrax, juice of Liquorice,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED {J47

Bole-ammoniac, white Poppy seeds, of each 5 half, Camphire half a dram ; with Manna
six drams, the seeds of Melons, Cucumbers, \ dissolved in juice of Barberries, make them
Citruls, Gourds, of each three drams and an > into troches according to art.
half, the seeds of Smallage and white Hen- { CulpeperJ] They wonderfully cool tin-
bane, Amber, Earth of Lemnos, Opium, j
heat of the liver, reins, arid bladder, breast,
of each two drams, with juice of fresh j and stomach, and stop looseness, cools the
Winter-Cherries, make them into troches \ heat of fevers,
according to art. Trochisci de Campjiora.
Culpcper.~] They potently provokt urine, j Or, Troches of Camphire.
and break the stone. Mix them with other College.'] Take of Camphire half a dram,
j

medicine of that nature, half a dram at

aj
Saffron two drams, white Starch three
time, or a dram if age permit. \\ drams, red Roses, Gum Arabic, and Tra-
Trochisci Bechici aloi, vel, Itotulce. perforates. gacanth, Ivory, of each half an ounce, the
\

Or, Pectoral Rolls. seeds of Cucumbers husked, of Purslain,

*

College.~]
Take of white Sugar one pound, Liquorice, of each an ounce, with mussi-
5

white Sugar Candy, Penids, of each four lage of the seeds of Fleawort, drawn in
;

ounces, Orris Florentine one ounce, Liquo-j Rose-water, make them into troches,
rice six drams, while Starch one ounce and Culpeper.~\
; It is exceeding good in burn-
an half, with a sufficient quantity of mus- ling fevers, heat of blood and choler, together
silage of Gum Tragacanth made in Rose with hot distempers of the stomach and
j

Water, make them into small troches. liver, and extreme thirst coining thereby,
>

You may add four grains of Ambergris, {also it is good against the yellow jaundice,
and three grains of Musk to them, if occa- phthisics, and hectic fevers,
j

sion serve. Trochisci de Capparibus.

Trochisci Bechici nigri. Or, Troches of Capers.
College.~\
Take of juice of Liquorice, College.]
j
Take of the bark of Caper
white Sugar, of each one dram, Gum Tra-i roots, the seeds of Agnus Castus. of each
gacanth, sweet Almonds blanched, of each six drams, Ammoniacum half an ounce, the
j

six drams, with a sufficient quantity of: seeds of Water Cresses and Nigella, the

mussilage of Quince seeds, made thick with} leaves of Calaminth and Rue, the roots of
Rose Water. Make them into troches ac-jAcorus and long Birth wort, the juice of
cording to art. Maudlin made thick, bitter Almonds, of
]

Culpeper.~\ Both this and the former each two drains, Hart's-tongue, the roots of
!

will melt in ones mouth, and in that manner round Cypress, Madder, Gum Lac. of each
j

to be used by such as are troubled with one dram being bruised let them be made
1 :

troches according to art, with Ammo-

coughs, cold, hoarseness, or want of voice, jinto
The former is most in use, but in my opinion, niacum j
dissolved in Vinegar, and boiled to
the latter is most effectual. the thickness of Honey.
I

Trochisci de Barberis. Culpeper.'] They open stoppings of the

Or, Troches of Barberries. liver and
j
spleen, and help diseases thereof
College.] Take of juice of Barberries, coming as rickets, hypochondriac melan-
\ ;

and Liquorice made thick, Spodium, Pur- choly, &c. Men may take a dram, chil-
j

slain seeds, of each three drams, red Roses, dren a scruple in the morning,
5

six drams, Indian Spikenard, Saffron, white! Trochisci de Carabe.

Starch, Gum Tragacanth, of each a dram,: Or, Troches of Amber.

Citrul seeds cleansed three drams and an
'

College.']
Take of Amber an ounce,
4 u
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Hart's-horn burnt, Gum Arabic burnt, in a mortar, add the powders, and with new
.

red Coral burnt, Tragacanth, Acacia, Hypo- juice make it into troches.
cistis, Balaustines, Mastich,
Lacca Gum j
:
Culpeper.'] Obstructions, or stoppings,
washed, black Poppy seeds roasted, of each and swelling
t above nature, both of the liver
two drams and two scruples, Frankincense, and spleen, are cured by the inward taking
j

Saffron, Opium, of each two drams, with a j of these troches,and diseases thereof coming,
sufficient quantity of mussilage of the seeds as yellow and black jaundice, the beginning
?

of Fleawort drawn in Plantain Water, make of dropsies, &c.

:

them into troches according to art. Troches of Gallia Moschata.

Culpeper.'] They were invented to stop College.']

}
Take of Wood of Aloes five
fluxes of blood in any part of the body, the;' drams, Ambergris three drams, Musk one
menses, the haemorrhoids or piles; they also dram, with mussilage of Gum Tragacanth
;

help ulcers in the breast and lungs.

The made in Rose Water, make it into troches
j

dose is from ten grains to a scruple. | according

to art.
Trochisci Cypheos, for Mithridate. Culpeper.'] They strengthen the brain
College.']
Take of pulp of Raisins of the and heart,
! and by consequence both vital
Sun, Cypress, Turpentine, of each three and animal| spirits, and cause a sweet breath,
ounces, Myrrh, Squinanth, of each an ounce They are|
of an extreme price, therefore I
and an half, Cinnamon half an ounce, pass by the dose.
j

Calamus Aromaticus nine drams, the roots j Trochisci Gordonii.

of round Cypress, and Indian Spikenard, j College.'] Take of the four greater cold

Honey as much as is Canary Pine-nuts, Sugar-candy, Penids, Liquorice,

sufficient, ;

Wine a little : the

Myrrh
let and Bdellium French-barley, mussilage of Fleawort seeds,
;

be ground in a mortar with the wine, to the sweet Almonds blanched, of each two
j

ihickness of liquid Honey, then add the drams, Bole-ammoniac, Dragon's-blood,

j

then Spodium, red Roses, Myrrh, of each half

Turpentine, then the pulp of Raisins,
:

the powders at last with the Honey, let an ounce, with a sufficient quantity of
: ;

them all be made into troches. Hydromel, make it into troches according
j

It is excellently good against to art. ;

Culpeper.']
inward ulcers in what part of the body Culpeper.] They are held to be very
5

soever they be. It is chiefly used in com- good in ulcers of the bladder, and all other
i

positions, as Treacle
and Mithridate. inward ulcers whatsoever, and ease fevers
i

Trochisci de Eupatorio. \

'
coining thereby, being of a fine cooling,
Or Troches of Maudlin. slippery heating nature.
College.']
Take of the juice of Maudlin Trochisci Hedichroi, (Galen) for Treacle.
j

made thick, Manna, of each an ounce, red CollegeJ] Take of Aspalthus, or yellow
\

Roses half an ounce, Spodium three drams Sanders, the leaves of Mastich, the roots of
J

and an half, Spikenard three drams, Rhu- Asarabacca, of each two drams, Rhupontic,
5

barb, Asarabacca roots, Annis seeds, of each j

Castus, Calamus Aromaticus, Wood oi
two drams. Let the Nard, Annis seeds, | Aloes, Cirwiamon, Squinanth, Opobalsarnum
and Roses, be beaten together, the Spodium, ; or oil of Nutmegs by expression, of each
Asarabacca, and Rhubarb by themselves, |
three drams, Cassia Lignea, Indian Leaf 01
then mix the Manna and juice of Maudlin Mace, Indian Spikenard, Myrrh, Saffron,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 319

of each six drams, Amomus, or Cardamoms Sagapen, Opopanax, of each two drams,
$

the less, an ounce and an half, Mastich a dissolve the Gums in Wine wherein
!
Mug-
dram, Canary Wine as much as is sufficient. \ wort hath been boiled, or else Juniper-bcr-
Let the Myrrh be dissolved in the wine, ries, then add the rest, and with juice of
\

then add the Mastich and Saffron well Mugwort, make it into troches
|
according
beaten, then the Opobalsamum, then the to art. j

rest in powder, and with the wine,

makej Culpeptr.] They provoke the menses,
them up into troches, and dry them gently. and that with great case to such as have
|

Culpeper.] They are very seldom or them come down with pain. Take a dram
j

never used but in other compositions, yet of them beaten into powder, in a spoonful
|

naturally they heat cold stomachs, help i or two of Syrup of Mugwort, or any other
digestion, strengthen the heart and brain. | composition tending
to the same purpose
Trochisci Hysterici. Sief de Plumbo.
College.] Take of Asafcetida, Galbanum, f
Or Sief of Lead,
of each two drams and an half, Myrrh two! College.']
Take of Lead burnt and washed,
drams, Castoreum a dram and an half, the Brass burnt, Antimony, Tutty washed,
!

rools of Asarabacca and long Birthwort, Gum Arabic and Tragacanth of each an
!

the leaves of Savin, Featherfew, Nep, of Bounce, Opium half a dram, with Rose-water,
each one drain, Dittany half a dram, with make them, being beaten and sifted, into
!

either the juice or decoction of Rue, makeUroches.

it into troches according to art. Trochisci Polyidce Androm.
Culpeper.] These are applied to the* College.] Take of Pomegranate flowers
foeminine gender, help fits of the mother, twelve
j
drams, Roach Album three drams,
expel both birth and after-birth, cleanses Frankincense, Myrrh, of each half an ounce,
women after labour, and expel the relics of jChalcanthum two drams, Bull's gall six
a careless midwife. drams, Aloes an ounce, with austere Wine,
I

Trochisci de Ligno Aloes. or juice of Nightshade or Plantain, make

;

Or Troches of Wood of Aloes. them into troches according to art.

|

College.] Take of Wood of Aloes, red] Culpeper.] They are very good they say,
Roses, of each two drains, Mastich, China- j being outwardly applied, both in green
mon, Cloves, Indian Spikenard, Nutmegs, wounds and ulcers. I fancy them not.
j

Parsnip seed, Cardamoms the greater and t Trochisci de Rhularbaro.

lessen, Cubebs, Gallia Moschata, Citron i Or Troches of Rhubarb.
Pills, Mace, of each one dram and an half, College.]
\
Take of Rhubarb ten drams,
Ambergris, Musk, of each half a scruple, jjuiceof Maudlin made thick, bitter Almonds,
with Honey of Raisins make it into troches. of each half an ounce, red Roses three
j

It strengthens the heart, drams, the roots of Asarabacca, Madder,

Culpeper.] j

stomach,and li'ver, takes away heart-qualms, Indian Spikenard, the leaves of Worm-
i

faintings, and stinking breath, and resists wood, the seeds

of Annis and Smallage, of
j

the dropsy. \ each one dram, with Wine in which Worm-

Trochisci e Mirrha. \
wood hath been boiled, make them into
Or Troches of Myrrh. troches according to art.
|

College.] Take of Myrrh three drams, Culpeper.]

;
They gently cleanse the liver,
!he Meal of Lupines five drams, Madder help the yellow jaundice, and other diseases
j

roots, the leaves of Rue, wild Mints, Dittany coining of choler and
j
stoppage of the
of Crete, Cummin seeds, Asafretida, liver.
350 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Trochisci tie Scmtalis. College.'] Take of Earth of Lemnos,
Or Troches of Sanders. Bole-ammoniac, Acacia, Hypocystis, Gum
College.] Take of the three Sanders, of Arabic toasted, Dragon's blood, while
each one ounce, the seeds of Cucumbers, Starch, red Roses, Rose seeds, Lap. Hema-
Gourds, Citruls, Purslain, Spodium, of each titis, red Coral, Amber, Balaustines, Spo-
half an ounce, red Roses seven drams, juice dium, Purslain seeds a little toasted, Oliba-
of Barberries six drams, Bole-ammoniac half nurn, Hart's-horn burnt, Cypress Nuts,
an ounce, Camphire one dram, with Pur- Saffron of each two drams, black
Poppy
slain Water make it into troches. seeds, Tragacanth, Pearls, of each one dram
Culpeper] The virtues are the same with and an half, Opium prepared one dram,
troches of Spodium, both of them harmless. with juice of Plantain, make it into troches.
Ti'ochisci da Scilla ad Theriacam.
Sief de Thure.
Or Troches of Squils, for Treacle. Or Sief of Frankincense.
College^] Take a Squil gathered about Take of Frankincense, Lap,
College.]
the beginning of July, of a middle bigness,
Calaminaris, Pompholix, of each ten drams,
and the hard part to which the small roots
Cyrus forty drams, Gum Arabic, Opium, of
stick, wrap it up in paste, and bake it in an each six
drams, with fair water make it into
oven, till the paste be dry, and the Squil balls
dry them and keep them for use.
:

tender, which you may know by piercing it Trochisci e Violis *olutivi.

with a wooden skewer, orabodkin, then take
it out and bruise it in a mortar, adding to
Or Troches of Violets solutive.
College] Take of Violet flowers meanly
every pound of the Squil, eight ounces of
white Orobus, or red Cicers in powder, then dry,
six drams, Turbith one ounce and an
of Liquorice, Scammony, Manna,
.make it into troches, of the weight of two half, juice
drams a piece, (your hands being anointed of each two drams, with Syrup of Violets,
with Oil of Roses) dry them on the top of
make it into troches.
the house, opening towards the South, in Citlpeper.] They are not worth talking
the shadow, often turning them till they be of, much less worth cost, the cost and labour
of making.
well dry, then keep them in a pewter or glass
vessel. Trochisci de Vipera ad Theriacum.
Troche* of Spodium. Or Troches of Vipers, for Treacle.
College^] Take of red Roses twelve College^] Take of the flesh of Vipers,
drams, Spodium ten drams, Sorrel seed six the skin, entrails, head, fat, and tail being
drams, the seeds of Purslain and Coriander, taken away, boiled in water with Dill, and
steeped in Vinegar and dried, pulp of a little salt, eight ounces, white bread twice
Sumach, of each two drams and an half, baked, grated and sifted, two ounces, make
white Starch roasted,Balaustines, Barberries, it into troches, your hands being anointed
of each two drams, Gum Arabic roasted with Opobalsamum, or Oil of Mutmegs by
i)ne dram and an half, with juice of unripe expression, dry them upon a sieve turned

Grapes, make it into troches. the bottom upwards in an open place, often
Culpeper.] They are of a fine cooling turning them till they are well dried, then
binding nature, excellent in fevers coming put them in a glass or stone pot glazed,
of choler, especially if they be accompanied stopped close, they will keep a year, yet is
with a looseness, they also quench thirst. it far better to make Treacle, not long, after

Trochisci de terra Lemnia. you have made them.

Or Troches of Earth of Lemnos. Culpeper.~\ They expel poison, and are
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3.51

excellently good, by a certain sympathetical j You can scarce do amiss in takin* them if
virtue, for such as are bitten by an adder, they please but your palate
j
Trochisci de Agno Casto. TWA;. r- i j *T
/->
Or
rri i f
[roches of Agnus Castus.
4 ^ * jirocMci JJiarliodon .

Mesnp
r
T/^
-.
,, rp ,

Take of the seeds of Agnus lak flowers of red f th e

CW/e#e.] I

Spikenard, Wood of Aloes,

drai "s,
s
Castus," Lettuce, red Rose flowers, Balaus- j f ^'tw (lrams Ll
'
uorice three drams,
tins, of each a dram, Ivory, white Amber,
'
_q
nC &affl n llalf a dram
'

Bole-ammoniac washed in Knotgrass Water S? -T ,

'
>
tW d ram inake them U into
two drams, Plantain seeds four scruples I "i v j' .
P
me accordln g to art-
Sassafras two scruples, with mussilage of f I

y wonderfully ease fevers

V
Quince seeds, extracted in water of Water- r^frf
nin j ,

g le rn as
lily flowers, let them be made into troches. ;! ?* g qno*M fevers, agues,
'
>

rr / v-i
Very pretty troches and j eptatos, &c. pains in the be v
i
>'
'
'
Liilpcpcr.i . .

Irocfusci de Lucca. Mesue.

good for lit.tle
Trochisci Akxiterii. Renodseus. College.'] Take of Gum Lacca
cleansed,
Take of the J uice of
College.'] the roots of Gentian, Liquorice, Maudlin, Worm-
!

Torrnentil, Orris Florentine, Zedoary,

wood and Barberries, all made
ofj thick,
each two drams. Cinnamon, Clove^ Mace, nubar b. long Birthwort,
^acca bitter Costus, Asara-
j

of each halt a dram, Angelica roots three Almonds, Madder, Annis, >

j
m
drams, Coriander seeds prepared, Roses, o fP allage, Schaenanth, of each one dram,
each one dram, dried Citron pills twodrams, Wlth the decoction of Birthwort, Schffinanth,
j

beat them all into powder, and with juice of or the juice of Maudlin, or Wormwood,
j
make tliem into troches
Liquorice softened in Hippocras, six ounces, j
according to art.
make them which you may
into soft paste, C/tlpcpcr.'] helps stoppings of the %er
j
It

form into either troches or small rolls, which and s lt>en

P an d fevers thence
i >
coming, it
you please. expels wind, purges by urine, and resists
It and " r P slcs -

Culpeper."] preserves strengthens |

the heart exceedingly, helps faintings Pastitti Adronis. Galen,
andj
failings of the. vital spirits, resists poison! College^] Take of Pomegranate flowers
and the pestilence, and is an excellent- ten drains, Copperas twelve drams,
unripe
medicine for such to carry about them whose? Galls, Birthwort, Frankincense, of each an
bccasions arc to travel in pestilential places ounce, Alum, Myrrh, ->f each half an ounce,
j
and corrupt air, only taking a very small! Misy two drams, with eighteen ounces of
austere Wine, make it into troches accord-
quantity now and then. j
Troches of Annis seed. Mesue. | ing
to art.

College.']
Take of Annis seeds, the juice j Culpepcr.~] This also is appropriated to
of Maudlin made thick, of each two drams, iwounds, ulcers, and fistulas, it clears the
the seeds of ears an(^ represses all excressences of
Dill, Spikenard, Maslich, j flesh,
Indian leaf or Mace, the leaves of Worm- ;
cleanses the filth of the bones,

wood, Asarabacca,Smallage, bitter Almonds, j

Trochisci Musts. Galen,
of each half a dram, Aloes two drams, juice ;
College."] Take of Alum, Aloes, Copperas,
of Wormwood so much as is sufficient to
j
Myrrh, of each six drains, Crocomagma.
make it into troches according to art. Saffron, of each three drains, Pomegranate
j

obstructions
They open of flowers half an ounce, Wine and ol
Culpeper.~] ;
Honey,
the liver, and that very gently, and therefore { each so much as is sufficient to make it up
diseases coming thereof, help quartan agues. | into troches according to art.
4 x
352 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Cidpeper.'] Their use is the same with the much
j
as is sufficient to make it into troches
former. ;
accord ing to art.
Crocomagma of Damocrates. Galen. I Cidpeper.'] They help pains in the
Take of Saffron an hundred stomach, and indigestion, the illiac passion,
College.-] |
hectic fevers Bud diwmes, in the beginning,
drams, red Roses, Myrrh, of each fifty drams, '

white Starch, Gum, of each thirty drams,S

and cause a good colour
Trochisci Diacorattion. Galen.
Wine, so much as is sufficient to make it|
into troches College.] Take of Bole-ammoniac, red
\

Coral, of each an ounce Balaustines, Terra

Culpcper.i It is very expulsive, heats and j

Lemma, white Starch, of each half an ounce,

strengthens the heart and stomach.
:

m Hypocistis, the seeds of Henbane, Upium,

College.]
.
,

lake
.
r> .

of
,
Trochua Rannch. Mesue.
the
TV ,

juice of Sorrel
\
,

^^twQ dramSj juice of P]antain so uch

as is su ffi c e nt to make them into troches
j
^
*
sixteen ounces, red Rose Leaves, an ounce, according to art.
Myrtle Berries two ounces, boil them a little j Citlpeper.'] These also stop blood, help
together, and strain them, add to the decoc- the b]oody fluXj stop the men ses, and are
j

tion, Galls well beaten, three ounces, boil a areat h ^ j

p to such whose stoma chs loath
them again a little, then put in these follow- th ir vi^afe. I f
j ancy them not.
ing things, in fine powder take
: of red j Trochisci Diaspermaton. Galen.
Roses an ounce, yellow Sanders, ten drams, Take of the seeds of Smallage,
Gum Arabic an ounce and an half, Sumach, andCollege.] weed, of each an ounce,
j

Annis
{
Bishop's
Spodmm, of each an ounce, Myrtle berries and Fennel seeds> of each half an
j
ouncC)
four ounces, Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Mace, o u Cassia of each two
j
p m, i
Lignea, drams,
Nutmegs, of each half an ounce, sour Grapes | with rain water? make it into trO( h es accord-
seven drams^mix them all together, and let^ no to art .

them dry upon a stone, and grind them j

Culpeper] These also bind, ease pain,
again into powder, ann make
them into ne :
t | le
jp pleurisy,
small troches with one dram of Camphire, Pastilli. Galen,
j Hasmoptrid
and so much Rose Water as .is sufficient, j Take of white Starch, Balaus-
College]
and perfume them with fifteen grains of Earth of Sarnos, juice of Hypocystis,
t i neSj
^ us ^-
j

Gum, Saffron, Opium, of each two drams,

!

Culpeper.] They strengthen the siomach, with j uice of p] ant ain, make them into
j

heart, and liver, as also the bowels, they trocne s

according to art.
|

help the cholic, and fluxes of blood, as also | The operation of this is like
Cidpeper:]
bleeding at the nose if you snuff up lhe{
t ie former j .

powder of them, disburden the body of j Troches of Agarick.

salt, fretting, choleric humours. You may | Take of choice Agarick three
College.']
carry them about you, and take them at /
ounces gal. Gem. six drams, two
;
Ginger
your pleasure. jdramSj h Oxymel simplex, so much as
w it

Troches of Roses.Mesue. p s sufficient, make it into troches according

College J] Take of red Roses half an to i art.

ounce, Wood of Aloes two drams, Mastich, 5

a dram and an half, Roman Wormwood, ;

Cinnamon, Indian Spikenard, Cassia Lignea, \

Schrenanth, of each one dram, old Wine, j
and decoction of the five opening roots,
so|
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 353

i So is Oil of Been,
College.']
T T q {megs, and Oil of Mace dra\vn.
Oleum Caryinum.
College.'] Is prepared of Walnut Kernels,
in like manner, save
only that in the making
SIMPLE OILS BY EXPRESSION. of this sometimes is required dried, old, and
I rank Nuts.
Oil of Sweet Almonds. Oleum Chrysomelinum,
College] Take of Sweet Almonds not! College.] Is prepared in the same manner
as many as you will, cast the of Apricots, so is also Oils of the Kernels of
corrupted, j

shells away, and blanch them, beat them in

j Cherry stones, Peaches, Pine-nuts, Fistic
a stone mortar, beat them in a double vessel, \ Nuts, Prunes, the seeds of Oranges, Hemp,
and press out the oil without heat. j Bastard Saffron, Citrons, Cucumbers,
Culpeper] roughness and sore- Gourds, Citruls, Dwarf Elder, Henbane,
It helps
j
ness of the throat and stomach, helps Lettuce, Flax, Melons, Poppy,
j
Parsley,
pleurisies, encreases seed, eases coughs and Radishes, Rape, Ricinum, Sesani, Mus-
|

hectic fevers, by injection it helps such tard seed, and Grape stones,
|

whose water scalds them ulcers in the

;
Culpeper']
\
Because most of these Oils
bladder, reins, and matrix. You may -are out of use, I took not the pains to quote
cither take half an ounce of it by itself, or the virtues of them; if any wish to make
;

mix it with half an ounce of Syrup of Violets, them, let them look to the simples, and there
\

and so take a spoonful at a time, still shak- they have them if the simples be not to be
j ;

ing them together when you take them found in this book, there are other plentiful
:

only take notice of this, if you take it in- medicines conducing to the cure of all usual
\

wardly, let it be new draAvn, for it will be diseases ; which are-

1

sour in three or four days. Oil of Bays.

Oil of bitter Almonds. College] Take of Bay-berries, fresh and
It is made like Oil of
College] sweet] ripe, so many as you please, bruise them
Almonds, but that you need not blanch j sufficiently,
then boil them in a sufficient
them, nor have such a care of heat in press- quantity of water till the Oil swim at top,
1

ing out the oil. -which separate from the water, and keep
Culpeper] It opens stoppings, helps such {for your use.
as are deaf, being dropped into their ears, Culpeper] It helps the cholic, and is a
j

helps the hardness of the nerves, and takes sovereign remedy for any diseases
it I in any

away spots in the face. It is seldom or part of the body coming either of wind or
|

never taken inwardly. jcold.

Oil of Hazel Nuts. College] Common Oil of Olives, is
College.] It is made of the Kernels, { pressed out of ripe olives, not out of the

cleansed, bruised, and beat, and pressed like \ stones. Oil of Olives omphacine, is pressed
Oil of sweet Almonds. ! out of
unripe olives.
Culpeper] You must put them in a! Oil of Yolks of Eggs.
vessel (viz. a glass, or some such thing) and i College] Boil the yolks
till
they be hard,
stop them close that the water come not to land bruise
them with your hand or wilh a
them when them into the bath. and mortar beat them in an earthen
you put \
;
pestle
The oil is good for cold afflictions of the vessel glazed
i until they begin to froth,
that they burn not,
nerves, the gout in the joints, &c. \ stirring them diligently
3,54 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
being hot, put them in a linen bag, and away, cut, bruised, and the vessel covered
sprinkle them with Aromatic Wine, and with a thin linen cloth, set in the sun,
press out the oil according to art. pressed out, and three times repeated.
Culpeper.~] It is profitable in fistulas,
{
Oil of Wall-flowers, as oil of Dill,
and malignant ulcers, it causes the hair to j
Oil of Quinces: Of six parts of or
grow, clears the skin, and takes away de-
it j Omphacine, the meat and juice of Quinces
formities thereof, viz. tetters, ringworms, one part, set them in the sun fifteen days in
morphew, scabs. a glass, and afterwards boil them four hours
in a double vessel, press them out, and re-
new them three times.
SIMPLE OILS BY INFUSION AND Oil of Elecampane Of ripe oil, and the
:

roots of Elecampane bruised, and their

DECOCTION.
!
juice, of each one part, and of generous
Oil of Rosej omphacine. $
Wine half a part, which is to be evaporated
College.']
Take of red Roses before they j away.
be ripe, bruised in a stone mortar, fourj Oil of Euphorbium: Of six drams of
ounces, oil Omphacine one pound, set them \ Euphorbium, Oil of Wall-flowers, and sweet
in a hot sun, in a glassclose stopped, a whole j Wine, of each five ounces, boiling it in a
week, shaking them every day, then boil j double vessel till the Wine be consumed,
them gently in a bath, press them out, and \
Oil of Ants : Of winged Ants infused in
put in others, use them in like manner, do ! four times their weight of sweet oil, set in
so a third time : then keep the Oil upon a ! the sun in a glass forty days, and then
pound of juice of Roses. \ strain it out.
Oil cf Hoses complete, Oil, orBalsam of St. John's Wort simple,
Is made in the same manner, with sweet ;
is made of the oil of seeds beaten and
and ripe oil, often washed, and red Roses pressed, and the flowers being added, and
j

fully open, bruised, set in the sun, and rightly set in the sun.
j

boiled gently in a double vessel, only lct{ Oil of Jesmine, is made of the flowers of
the third infusion stand in the sun forty Jesmine, put in clear oil, and set in the sun
j

t and afterwards
days, then keep the roses and oil together, pressed out.
In the same manner is made Oil of Worm- j
Oil of Orris, made of the roots of Orris
wood, of the tops of common Wormwood j
Florentine one pound, purple Orris flowers
thrice repeated, four ounces, and threej
half a pound boil them in a double vessel
:

pounds of ripe oil only, the last time put in in a sufficient quantity of decoction of Orris
; |

four ounces of the juice of Wormwood, Florentine, and six pounds of sweet oil, put-
?

which evaporate away by gentle boiling. *

ing fresh roots and flowers again and again ;
Oil of Dill : Of the flowers and leaves of: the former being cast away as in oil of
Dill four ounces, complete oil, one pound, Roses.
j

thrice repeated. \
Oil of Earthworms, is made of half a
Oil of Castoreum : Of one ounce of Cas- pound of Earthworms washed in white Wine,
j

toreum oil one pound, Wine four ounces, ripe Oil two pounds, boiled in a double
which must be consumed with the heat of a vessel with eight ounces of good white Wine
j

bath. till the Wine be consumed.

\

Oil of Chamomel (which more than onej Oil of Marjoram is made with four
call Holy) of complete oil, and fresh Cha- Bounces of the herb a little bruised, white
raomel flowers, the little white leaves taken Wine six ounces, ripe oil a pound, mixed
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGKD.
together, let them be set in the sun repeated them be set in the sun, and after forty days
three times ; at last boiled to the
consump- strained.
tion of the Wine. Oleum is made of wild
Cicj'onium,
OU of Mastich, is made of oil of Roses Cucumber roots, and their juice, of each
omphacineone pound, Mastich threeounces, equal parts with twice as much ripe oil,
;

Wine four ounces boil them in a double

: boil it
consumption of the juice.
to the
vessel to the consumption of the Wine. Oil of Nightshade, is made of the berries
Oil of Melilot is made with the tops of the of Nightshade ripe, and one part boiled in
herb like oil of Chamomel. ripe oil, or oil of Roses three parls.
Oil of Mints is made of the herb and oil Oil of Styrax, is made of Styrax and
omphacine, as oil of Roses. sweet white Wine, of each one part, ripe
Oil of Mirtles, is made of Mirtle berries oil four
parts gently boiled till the Wine be
bruised and sprinkled with sharp Wine one consumed.
omphacine three parts set it in the
part, oil ; Oil of Violets, is made of oil omphacine,
sun twenty-four days, and in the interim and Violet flowers, as oil of Roses.
thrice renewed, boiled, and the berries Oil of Vervain, is made of the herb and
pressed out. oil, as oil of Mints
Oil of Daffodils is made as oil of Roses. Culpeper.'] That most of these Oils, if
Nard Oil is made of three ounces of not of them, are used only externally, is
all

Spikenard, sweet oil one pound and an certain and as certain that they retain the
;

half, sweet white Wine and clear water, of virtues of the simples whereof they are
each two ounces and an half, boiled to the made, therefore the ingenious might help
consumption of the moisture. themselves.
Oil of Water-lilies, is made of fresh white
Water-lily flowers, one part, oil omphacine
three parts, repeating the flowers as in oil
of Roses.
COMPOUND OILS BY INFUSION
Oil of Tobacco is made of the juice of
AND DECOCTION.
Tobacco, and common oil, of each equal Oleum Benedictum.
parts boiled in a bath. Or Blessed Oil.
Oil of Poppies, is made of the flowers,
College^] Take of the
roots of Carduus
heads, and leaves of garden Poppies, and oil and Valerian, of each one ounce, the flowers
omphacine, as oil of Dill. of St. John's Wort two ounces, Wheat one
Oil of Poplars, is made of the buds of ounce and an half, old Oil four ounces,
the Poplar tree three parts, rich white Wine Cypress Turpentine eight ounces, Frankin-
four parts, sweet oil seven parts first let the
; cense in powder two ounces, infuse the roots
buds be bruised, then infused in the Wine and flowers, being bruised, in so much white
and oil seven days, then boiled, then pressed Wine as is sufficient to cover them, after
out. two days' infusion put in the Oil with the
Oil of Rue, is made of the herb bruised, Wheat, bruised, boil them together till the
and ripe oil, like oil of Roses. Wine be consumed then press it out, and
;

Oil of Savin is made in the same manner. add the Frankincense and Turpentine, then
So also is Oil of Elder flowers made. boil them a little, and keep it.
Oil of Scorpions, is made of thirty live Culpeper.'] It is appropriated to cleanse
in the
Scorpions, caught when the sun is in the and consolidate wounds, especially
lion ; oil of bitter Almonds two pounds, let head.
4 y
356 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Oleum de Capparibus. j
Wine, boil it in Batneo Marice till the Win?
Or, Oil of Capers. j
be consumed.
College^ Take of the bark of Caper j
It heats, opens
Culpeper.~] obstructions,
roots an ounce, bark of Tamarisk, the leaves strengthens
\
the nerves, and all nervous parts,
of the same, the seeds of Agnus Castus, as muscles, tendons, ligaments, the ventricle;
j

Cetrach, or Spleemvort, Cypress roots, of besides these, it strengthens the liver, it

{

each two drams, Rue one dram, oil of ripe keeps the hairs from turning grey, and gives
:

Olives one pound, white Wine Vinegar, and a good colour to the body.
t I pray you
white Wine, of each two ounces, cut them take notice that this and the following oils,
\

and steep them, and boil them (two days (till I give you warning to the contrary)
\

being elapsed) gently in a bath, then the are not made to eat.
I

Wine and Vinegar being consumed, strain Oleum Crocinum,

it, and keep it. Or, Oil of Saffron.
CulpeperJ] The oil is opening, and hrat-| College.'] Take of Saffron, Calamus Aro-
ing, absolutely appropriated to the spleen, maticus, of each one ounce, Myrrh, half an
j

hardness and pains thereof, and diseases jounce, Cardamoms nine drams, steep them
coming of stoppings there, as hypocondriac six days, (the Cardamoms excepted, which
|

melancholy, the rickets, Sec. are not to be put in till the last day,) in nine
\

Oil of Castoreum compound. ounces of Vinegar, the day after put in a

j

College^] Take of Castoreum, Styrax j pound and an half of washed oil, boil it
Calamitis, Galbanum, Euphorbium, Opo-j gently according to art, till the Vinegar, be
panax, Cassia Lignea, Saifron, Carpobal- consumed, then strain it.
\

samum or Cubebs, Spikenard, Costus, of I Culpeper ^\ It helps pains in the nerves,

each two drams, Cypress, Squinanth, Pep- land strengthens them, mollifies their hard-
perlongand black, Savin, Pellitory of Spain, ness, helps pains in the matrix, and causes
i

of each two drams and an half, ripe Oil four a good colour,
>

pounds, Spanish Wine two pounds, the five] Oil of Euphorbium.

first
excepted, let the rest be prepared as| College.'] Take of Stavesacre, Sopeworl,
they ought to be, and gently boiled in the; of each half an ounce, Pellitory of Spain
Oil and Wine, until the Wine be consumed, j six drams, dried Mountain Calami n I one
mean time the Galbanum, Opopanax, and -ounce and an half, Castus two drams, Cas-
Euphorbium beaten in fine powder, being toreum five drains, being bruised, let them
j

dissolved in part of the Wine, and strained, be three days steeped in three pounds and
let them be exquisitely mixed with it (while! an half of Wine, boil them with a pound
the oil is warm) by often stirring; the boil- land an half of Oil of Wall-flowers, adding
ing being finished, put in the Styrax and \ half an ounce of Euphorbium, before thr-
Castoreum.
j
Wine be quite consumed, and so boil it

Culpeper.'] The virtues are the same with i according to art.

the simple. $ Culpeper.] It hath the same virtue, only
Oleum Castinum. \
something more effectual than the simple.
College. Take of the roots of bitter!
~\
Oleum Excestrense,
Castus two ounces, Cassia Lignea one ounce, Or, Oil of Exeter.
the tops of Marjoram eight ounces, being College.'] Take of the leaves of
T
orm- W
bruisecl, steep them two days in twelve wood, Centaury the less, Eupatorium, Fen-
ounccs of sweet white Wine then with I nel, Hyssop, Bays, Marjoram, Bawm, Nep,
;

three pounds of sallad oil washed in white Pennyroyal, Savin, Sage, Thyme, of each
j
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3,51

four-ounces. Southernwood, Betony,Chame-| Culpeper.'] Sec the simple oil of St.

pitys, Lavender, of each six ounces, Rose- j
John's Wort, than which this is
stronger.
mary one pound, the flowers of Chamomel, Oleum Hyperici tnagis composition.
Broom, white Lilies, Elders, the seeds of Or, Oil of St. John's Wort more compound
Cummin, and Fenugreek, the roots of Helle- College.'] Take of white Wine ihree
bore black and white, the bark of Ash and pounds, tops of St. John's Wort ripe and
Lemons, of each four ounces, Euphorbium, gently bruised, four handmJs, steep them
;

Mustard, Castoreum, Pellitory of Spain, ot'j

two days in a glass, close stopped, boil
boil them
,

each an ounce, Oil sixteen pounds, Wine a bath, and strain them strongly, repeat
Jin
three pounds, the herbs, flowers, seeds, at d the infusion three times,
having strained it
:

Euphorbium being bruised, the roots, barks, the third time, add to every pound of de-
i

and Castoreum cut, all of them infused coction, old Oil four pounds, Turpentine
!

twelve hours in the Wine and Oil, in a warm six ounces, oil of Wormwood three ounces,
j

bath, then boiled with a gentle fire, to the Dittany, Gentian, Carduus, Tormentil, Car-
>

consumption of the Wine and moisture, line, or Cordus Maria, Calamus Aromaticus,
\

strain the Oil and keep it. all of them bruised, of each two drams,
\

CtilpeperJ] Many people by catching Earth-worms often washed in white Wine

j

bruises when they are young, come to feel two ounces, set it in the sun five or six weeks,
>

it when
they are old: others by catching then keep it close stopped,
i

cold, catch a lameness in their limbs, tot Culpeper.'] Besides the virtue of the sun-
bath which I commend this sovereign oil to pie oil of St. John's Wort, which this per-
i

bathe their grieved members with. forms more effectually, it is an exceUenl

\

Oleum Hirundinum, remedy for old bruises, aches, and sprains.

\

Or, Oil of Swallows. Oleum Irinum,

College."] Take of whole Swallows
six-j Or, Oil of Orris,
teen, Chamomel, Rue, Plantain the greater College^ Take of the roots of Orris
and lesser, Bay leaves, Pennyroyal, Dill, Florentine, three pounds four ounces, the
\

Hyssop, Rosemary, Sage, Saint John's Wort, flowers of purple Orris fifteen ounces,
|

Costmary, of each one handful, common Cypress roots six ounces, of Elecampane
j

Oil four pounds, Spanish Wine one pound, three ounces, of Alkanel two ounces, Cin-
\

makc it
up according to art. j
namon, Spikenard, Benjamin, of each one
Culpeper.'] Both this and the former are
\ ounce let all of them, being bruised as
:

appropriated to old bruises and pains thereof? they ought to be, be steeped in the sun, or
coming, as also to sprains. other hot place, in fifteen pounds of old oil,
|

Oleum Hyperici compositum. j

and four pounds and an half of clear water,
Or, Oil of St. John's Wort compound. after the fourth day, boil them in Balneo

College.'] Take of the tops of St. John's

| Mariae, the water being consumed, when it
Wort four ounces, steep them three whole
f
is cold, strain it and keep it.

days in a pound of old Sallad Oil, in the heat

\ Culpeper^] The effects are the same with
either of a bath, or of the sun, then press the simple, only 'tis stronger,
\

them out, repeat the infusion the second or : Oleum Marjorance.

third time, then ^boil them till the wine be! Or, Oil of Marjor<>m.
almost consumed, press them out, and by 1 College.'] Take of Marjoram four hand-
two handfuls, the
adding three ounces of Turpentine, and one fuls, Mother of Thyme
j

scruple of Saffron, boil it a little and keep leaves j

and berries of Myrtles one handful,
it. Southernwood, Water Mints, of each half
i
358 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
an handful, being cut, bruised, and put in a Cardamoms, of each one ounce and a half,
\

glass, three pounds of Oil Omphacine being bruise them all grossly, and steep them in
|

put to it, let it stand eight days in the sun, water and wine, of each fourteen ounces,
!

or in a bath, close stopped, then strain it Oil of Sesamin, or oil of Olives, four
;
pounds
out, in the oil put in fresh simples, do. so the and an half, for one day
j then perfect the :

third time, the oil may be perfected accord- oil

by boiling it gently in a double vessel,
\

ing to art. Oleum Populeum. Nicholaus.

and CollegeJ] Take of fresh Poplar buds
Culpeper.~\ It helps weariness dis- \

eases of the brain and nerves, coming of I three pounds, Wine four pounds, common
cold ; it helps the dead palsy, the back (viz. Oil seven pounds two ounces, beat the Pop-
j

the region along the back bone) being buds very well, then steep them seven
j
lar
anointed with it ; being snuffed up in the { days in the oil and wine, then boil them in
nose, it
helps Spasmus cynicus, which is a a double vessel till the wine be consumed,
j

wrying the mouth aside it helps noise in (if you infuse fresh buds once or twice be-
; \

the ears being dropped into them, it pro- fore you boil it, the medicine will be the
j

vokes the menses, and helps the biting of; stronger,) then press out the oil and keep it.
venomous beasts it is a most gallant oil to
;
CulpeperJ]
j
It is a fine cool oil, but the

strengthen the body, the back being anointed ointment\

called by that name which follows
with it ; strengthens the muscles, they being \ hereafter is far better,
chafed with it ; helps head-ache, the fore- j
""
head being rubbed with it. 7

Moschelaum
OINTMENTS MORE SIMPLE.
Or, Oil of Musk.
College^ Take two Nutmegs, Musk one j Unguentum album,
dram, Indian leaf or Mace, Spikenard, \ Or, white Ointment.
Costus, Mastich, of each six drams, Sty rax i
College.'} Take of Oil of Roses nine
Calamitis, Cassia Lignea, Myrrh, Saffron, \
ounces, Ceruss washed in Rose-water and
Cinnamon, Cloves, Carpobalsamum or ;
diligently sifted, three ounces, white Wax
Cubebs, Bdellium, of each two drams, pure |
two ounces, after the wax is melted in the
Oil three pounds, Wine three ounces, bruise j
oil,put in the Ceruss, and make it into an
them as you ought to do, mix them, and let > ointment according to art, add two drams of
them boil easily, till the Wine be consumed, I
Camphire, made into powder with a few
the Musk being mixed according to art after \ drops of oil of sweet Almonds, so will it be
it is strained. | camphorated.
CulpeperJ] It is exceeding good against Culpeper.~] It is a fine cooling, drying
j

all diseases of cold, especially those of the ointment, eases pains, and itching in wounds
j

stomach, it helps diseases of the sides, they \ and ulcers, and is an hundred times better
being anointed with it, the stranguary, cho- with Camphire than without it.
\

lie, and vices of the nerves, and afflictions i

Unguentum Egyptiacum.
of the reins. College.~] Take of Verdigris finely pow-
Oleum Nardinum. dered, five parts, Honey fourteen parts,
i

Or, Oil of Nard. 1

sharp Vinegar seven parts, boil them to a
College.] Take of Spikenard threeounces, jjust thickness, and
a reddish colour.
Marjoram two ounces, Wood of Aloes, \ Culpeper.~] It cleanses filthy ulcers and
Calamus Aromaticus, Elecampane, Cypress, fistulas
j forcibly, and not without pain, it
Bay leaves, Indian leaf or Mace, Squinanth, j takes away dead and proud flesh, and dries.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 359

ounce, Oil
*
Unguentum Anodynum. fiveounces, powder the Oliba-
Or, an Ointment to ease pain. num and Myrrh, and the rest being melted,
Take of Oil of white Lilies, {make it into an ointment
College.] according to art.
six ounces, Oil of Dill, and Chamomel, of ]$asilicon, the Itss.
j
each two ounces, Oil of sweet Almonds one College.] Take of yellow Wax, fat Rozin,
j

ounce, Duck's grease, and Hen's grease, of (Greek Pitch, of each half a pound, Oil nine
each two ounces, white Wax three ounces, mix them together, by:

Bounces melting
mix them according to art. them according to art.
i

Its use is to
Culpeper] assuage pains Culpeper] Both this and the former,
in \

any part of the body, especially such as heat, moisten, and digest, procure matter in
j

come by inflammations, whether in wounds wounds, I mean brings the filth or corrupted
}

or tumours, and for that it is admirable. blood from green wounds they dense and :
|

Unguentum ex Apio. ease pain. |

Or, Ointment of Srnallage. Ointment of Bdellium.

College.'] Take of the juice ofSmallagej College] Take of Bdellium six drams,
one pound, Honey nine ounces, Wheat! Euphorbium, Sagapen, of each four drams,
flower three ounces, boil them to a just! Castoreum three drams, Wax fifteen drams,
thickness. ! Oil of Elder or W'all-flowers, ten drams,
Culpeper] It is a very fine, and very the Bdellium, and Sagapen being dissolved
;

gentle cleanser of wounds and ulcers. j

in water of wild Rue, let the rest be united
Liniment of Gum Elemi. ;
by the heat of a bath.
College] Take of Gum Elemi, Turpen- Unguentum de Calce.
$

tine of the Fir-tree, of each one ounce and Or, Ointment of Chalk.
an half, old Sheep's Suet cleansed two ounces, College.] Take of Chalk washed, seven
old Hog's grease cleansed one ounce mix times at least, half a pound, Wax three
: ;

them, and make them into an ointment ounces, Oil of Roses one pound, stir them all
|

according to art. \

together diligently in a leaden mortar, the,

Culpeper.] It gently cleanses and fills up wax being first melted by a gentle fire in a
j

an ulcer with flesh, it being of a mild nature, ! sufficient quantity of the prescribed oil.
and friendly to the body. Culpeper] It is exceeding good in burn-
Unguentum Aureinn. \ ings and scaldings.
College.] Take of yellow Wax half a! Unguentum Dialthce.
pound, common Oil two pounds, Turpen- 1 Or, Ointment of Marsh-mallows,
tine two ounces, Pine Rozin, Colophonia, of College] j
Take of common Oil four
each one ounce and an half, Frankincense, pounds, mussilage of Marsh-mallow roots,
j

Mast.ich, of each one ounce, Saffron one Linseed, and Fenugreek seed two pounds :

dram, first melt the wax in the oil, then the boil them together till the watry part
Turpentine being added, let them boil of the mussilage be consumed, then add
together; having done boiling, put in the Wax
half a pound, Rozin three ounces,
j

rest in fine powder, (let the Saffron be the Turpentine an ounce, boil them to the con-
\

last) and by diligent stirring, make

them jsistence of an ointment, but let the mussilage
into an ointment according to art. be prepared of a pound of fresh roots
j

Basilicon, the greater. bruised, and half a pound of each of the

j

College] Take of white Wax, Pine seeds steeped, and boiled in eight pounds of
|

Rozin, Heifer's Suet, Greek Pitch, Tur-j spring water, and then pressed out. See
pentine, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each one *the compound.
4 z
3CO THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Unguentum Diapompholygos. Unguentum de mini? sive rulrum Camphora
\

^
College] Take of Oil of Nightshade! Or, Ointment of red Lead,
sixteen ounces, white Wax, washed, Ceruss,
each four drams, Lead burnt and washed,
j CM
Take of Qil f Roses Qne
-,

oj d J nc| an half' re( , Lead , Qun

Pomphohx prepared, of each two ounces,
pure frankmcense one ounce: bring them
rato the form of an ointment
iu
;
U
two ounce s Ceruss one ounce and
;

bJ,TuttythS drams, Camphire two

according to dramSj Wax ^neounce and an hal j; make it
,

'

n j rr,,' ,.. i into an ointment according to art, in a pes-

;

Ihis much differing from

-]

Culpeper.] the| tle and mortar made o f Ilad.

former, you shall have that inserted at latter C This
j
ulpeper.-\ ointment is as drying as
which you a
j y se
j ^^wudly read of one , and whhal
e
TT
Ungwtom Emtlatum..
Or, Ointment of Elecampane.
Take
of Elecampane
\

I
a are gabled
TT
^
cooling, therefore good for sores, and such
den uctions.
Unguentum e Xicotiona, seu Peto.
AT .
,.

College.-] roots!
boiled in Vinegar, bruised and Or Ointment of Tobacco,
pulped, one!
pound, Turpentine washed in their decoc-j College.'} Take of Tobacco leaves bruised,
lion, new Wax, of each two ounces, old two pounds, steep them a whole night in
I

Hog's grease salted ten ounces, old oil four! red Wine, in the morning boil it in fresh
ounces, common salt one ounce, add the Hog's grease, diligently washed, one pound,
Turpentine to the grease, wax, and oil, being! till the Wine be consumed, strain it, and
melted, as also the pulp and salt being add half a pound of juice of Tobacco,
i

finely powdered, and so make it into ani Rozin four ounces, boil it to the cor.sump-
ointment according to art. tion of the juice, adding towards the end,
:

1 round Birthwort roots in powder, two

Unguentum Enulatum cum Mercurio.
Or, Ointment of Elecampane with Quick- j ounces, new Wax as much as is sufficient
silver, to make it into an ointment according to
i

College."] Is made of the former oint-jart.

ment, by adding two ounces of Quick-silver, Culpeper.'] Itwould takeawhole summer's
I

killed by continual to write the particular virtues of this

stirring, not only withjday
spittle, or juice of Lemons, but with all thej ointment, and my poor Genius is too weak
Turpentine kept for that intent, and of to give it the hundredth part of its due
part ]
the grease, in a stone mortar. \ praise: It cures tumours, imposthumes,
Culpeper.] My opinion of this ointment, I wounds, ulcers, gun-shot, stinging with
is
(briefly) this : It was invented for the i nettles, bees,wasps, hornets, venomous
itch, without quick-silver it will do no good, beasts, wounds made with poisoned arrows,
with quick-silver it
may do
harm. ; c.

Unguentum Laurinum commune. Unguentum Nutnturn, seu Trifarmacum

Or, Ointment of Bays common. College.] Take of Litharge of Gold
^
College.] Take of Bay leaves bruised \ finely powdered, half a pound, Vinegar
one pound, Bay berries bruised half a one
pound, Oil of Roses two pounds, grind
!

pound, Cabbage leaves four ounces, Neat's- j the Litharge in a mortar, pouring to it
foot Oil five pounds, Bullock's suet two sometimes Oil, sometimes
;
Vinegar, till by
pounds, boil them together, and strain them, continual stirring,
|
the Vinegar do no more
that so it may be made into an ointment!
appear, and it come to a whitish ointment,
'

according to art. Culpeper,] It is of a cooling, drying

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 301

nature, good for itching of wounds, and not and keep it for use; then warm it
lit
such like deformities of the skin. little
again and wash it with fresh llose-
!

Unguentwn Ophthalmicwn. water, adding to each pound twelve drops

\

Or, An Ointment for the Eyes. \

of oil of Lignum Rhodium.
College.']
Take of Bole-ammoniac washed Ctilpeper.1 Its general use is, to soften
i
* . TT /"I 1 i i
f 1 i

ot the skin, and

the lips, hands,

fine powder half a dram, Camphire half

aj Unguentum Potabile.
scruple, Opium grains, fresh Butter!'
five
College^ Take of Butter without salt,
washed in Plantain Water, as much as is a pound and an half, Spermaceti, Madder,
sufficient to make it an ointment ac- Tormentil roots, Castoreum, of each half an
into

cording to art. ounce boil them as you ought in a suf-

:

Culpeper.] It is
exceeding good to stop ficient quantity of Wine, till the Wine be
:

hot rheums that fall down into the eyes, the consumed, and become an ointment,
j

eyelids being but anointed with it. Culpeper.~\ I know not what to make

Unguentum ex Oxylapatho. [ofil,

Or, Ointment of sharp-pointed Dock. Unguentum Resitmm.
College.] Take of the of
roots
sharp- College.'] Take of Pine Rozin, or Rozin
>

pointed Dock boiled in Vinegar until they jot the Pine-tree, of the purest Turpentine,
be soft, and then pulped, Brimstone washed yellow Wax washed, pure Oil, of each
i

in juice of Lemons, of each one ounce and equal parts melt them into an ointment
>
:

an half, Hog's grease often washed in juice according to art. |

of Scabious, half a pound, Unguentum CulpepcrJ] It is as pretty a Cerecloth for

i

Populeon washed in juice of Elecampane, j a new sprain as most is, and cheap,
half an ounce : make them into an oint- Unguentum Rosa turn.
>

ment in a mortar. $ Or, Ointment of Roses.

Culpeper.~] It is a wholesome, though College.'] Take of fresh Hog's grease
i;

troublesome medicine for scabs and itch. cleansed a pound, fresh red Roses half a
|

Unguentum e Plumbo. pound, juice of the same three ounces, make

\

Or, Ointment of Lead. it into an ointment according to art.

j

College.']
Take of Lead burnt accord- Culpeper.'] It is of a fine cooling nature,

ing to art, Litharge, of each two ounces, exceeding useful in all gallings of the skin,
Ceruss, Antimony, of each one ounce, Oil and frettings, accompanied with choleric
;

of Roses as much as is sufficient : make

humours, angry pushes, tetters, ringworms,
it t

into an ointment according to art. jit mitigates diseases in the head coming ot

Ctdpeper.~\ Take it one another, heat, as also the intemperate heat of the
time with
j

it will
go ncer to do more harm than good. stomach and liver.
Unguentum Pomatum. Desiccativum Rubrum.
College.'] Take of fresh Hog's grease Or, a drying Red Ointment,
j

three pounds, fresh Sheep's suet nine ounces, j College.] Take of the oil of Roses om-
Pomewater pared and cut, one pound and phacine a pound, white Wax five ounces,
;

nine ounces, Damask Rose-water sixounces, which being melted and put in a leaden
I

the roots of Orris Florentine grossly bruised mortar, put in the Earth of Lemnos or
:

six drams, boil them in Balneo Maria till j Bole-ammoniac, Lapis Calami naris, of each
the Apples be soft, then strain it, but press {four ounces, Litharge of Gold. Ceruss, of
362 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
each three ounces, Camphire one dram, j Tapsivalentia.
make it into an ointment according to art. College.'] Take of the juice of Mullen,
CnlpeperJ] binds and restrains fluxes Hog's grease, of each as much as you will,
It *

of humours. let the grease be cleansed and cut in

pieces,
j

e Solano. & 4 Deat li w ' tn lne j u i ce pressed and

Unguentum \
strained as you did the former ointment,
Or, Ointment of Nightshade. |

College.] Take of juice of Nightshade, then kee P lt in a convenient vessel nine or

ten day s > then beat ll twlce once Wlth fresl1 '

Litharge washed, of each five ounces, >

Ceruss washed eight ounces, white Wax J ulce untl1 ll be S reen > and the second time
seven ounces, Frankincense in powder ten without juice beaten well, pouring off what I

is discoloured, and
drams, oil of Roses often washed in water keep it for use.
two pounds, make it into an ointment ac- Tapsimel.
cording- to art. College^ Take of the juice of Celan-
It was invented to take away
chne and Mullen > of p ach one
part, clarified
Culpeper.'] |

inflammations from wounds, and to keep Honey, two parts, boil them by degrees till ;

the UICe be consumed, adding (the physi-

people from scratching of them when they J l

are almost well cian prescribing) Vitriol, burnt Alum, burnt

!

Or, Ointment of Tutty.

J \
Ink and boi '
k a ain to an oi ^nt ac-
t j
_ ,
_ j cording
|.
to art.
College.] lake
lutty prepared twoj
ounces, Lapis Calaminaris often burnt and j
quenched in Plantain Water an ounce, $
of
==
make them, being finely powdered, into an I
OINTMENTS MORE COMPOUND.
ointment, with a pound and an half of oint-
Unguentum Agrippa. j
ment of Roses Take of Briony
/ n _
roots two
ft *IT- College."]
-^
It is a cooling, drying oint- f\t -
f i /.*-x,k-> /i/vi I I f- i * *ts*\s~\ 1 1 it /~MI -* <-* 4- -
Culpeper.~\
pounds, the roots of wild Cucumbers one
ment, appropriated to the eyes, to dry up
1 111 1*1
hot and salt humours that flow down thither,
pound, Squills half a pound, fresh English
1 /I 1
' * ' % ' ' ' * '
9
* ' V
|
V * ' ' I > > i * * J V ' I 7 > 1 1 1 \ I
^
1 1 1. . >.
i
1 1 K J I I

__
I

Qrris rootgj three Qun the roots ()f

the eyelids being anointed with it.
j Fern, dwarf Elder, water Caltrops, or Aaron,
Valentia Scabiosa. o f e ach two ounces, bruise them all, being \

College.'] Take of the juice of green fresh, and steep them six or seven days in
Scabious, pressed out with a screw, and four pounds of old oil, the whitest, not rank,
strained through a cloth, Hog's grease, of then boil them and press them out, and in
each as much as you will, heat the Hog's the oil melt fifteen ounces of white Wax,
grease in a stone mortar, not grind it, putt- and make it into an ointment according to 1

ing in the juice by degrees for the more art. |

commodious mixture and tincture, after-} Culpeper.~] It purges exceedingly, and

wards set it in the sun in a convenient ves- is good to anoint the bellies of such as have |

sel, so as the juice may overtop the grease, dropsies, and if there be any humour of >

nine days being passed, pour off the dis- flegm in any part of the body that you
j

Coloured juice, and beat it again as before, know not how to remove (provided the part {

putting in fresh juice, set it in the sun again t be not too tender) you may anoint it with
five days, which being elapsed, beat it! this; but yet be not too busy with it, for I

again, put in more juice, after fifteen days; tell you plainly it is not very safe-
more, do so again, do so five times, after Unguentum Amarum. \

which, keep it in a glass, or glazed vessel. { Or, A bitter Ointment.

 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3G3

College.'] Take of Oil of Rue,

Savin,! Unguent um Ci/i-innm.
Mints, Wormwood, bitter
Almonds, of each :
Or, A Citron Ointment,
one ounce and an half, juice of Peach! College.']
Take of Borax an ounce,
flowers and leaves, and Wormwood, of each iCamphire a drum, white Coral half an
half an ounce, powder of Rue, Mints, ounce, Alum Plume an ounce, Umbilicus
j

Cenlaury the less, Gentian, Tormenlil, of Marinus, Tragacanth, white Starch, of

1

each one dram, the seeds of Coleworts, the j each three drams, Crystal, Dentalis Utalis,
pulp of Colocynthis, of each two drams, Olibanum, Niter, white Marble, of each
!

Aloes Hepatic, three drams, meal of Lupines two drams, Gersa Serpentaria an ounce,
I

half an ounce, Myrrh washed in Grass jCeruss six ounces. Hog's grease not salted,
water a dram and an half, Bull's Gall an ja pound and an half, Goat's suet prepared,
ounce and an half, with a sufficient quan- Jan ounce and an half, Hen's fat two ounces
tity of juice of Lemons, and
an ounce and and an half. Powder the things as you
1

an half of Wax, make it into an ointment ought to do both together, and by them-
according to art. selves, melt the fats being cleansed in a
stone vessel, and steep in them two Citrons
Unguentum Apostolorum. \

f me bigness cut in bits, in a ^yarm

Or, Ointment of the Apostles. | f
after a whole week strain it, and put
Take of Turpentine, ye]]ow j bath,
College.]
Wax, Amrnoniacum, of eachni-.fourteen Uet
ih* P wde1
\}" the Camphire ?.
de
andf|f
s am n
? ^ w hlc h
Borax be the last, t
'

^
drams, Ions Birthwort roots, Ohbanum,j j u
.
^u r
stir them, and bring them into the form of
o, j i A/T u n-i
Bdellium, of each six drams, Myrrh, Gil-* n ointment.
banum, of each half an ounce, Opopanax,
5

tTTJm , ^
Uunguentum Martiatum.
Verdigris, of each two drams, Litharge Take of fresh Bay leaves three
nine drams, Oil two pounds, Vinegar enough
Garden Rue two pounds and an
to dissolve the Gums, make it into an oint- pounds,
merit according to art.
half, Marjoram two pounds, Mints a
consumes
It pound, Sage, Wormwood, Costmary, Bazil,
C^llpeper.']
J a pound, Sallad Oil twenty
J each half
UCtJI O
dead flesh, and makes flesh soft which isJof
, , ,, , 1 i y/. 1 CCtl^Il
> \.Jl

hard, it cleanses wounds, ulcers, and fistulas,

j d
ne J^w
n
.

d
four
of a of
d
lhem
Ma
/ ^
,

and restores flesh where it is wanting.

Unguentum Catapsoras.
|

bruise(|5
ought,
j
make an
jj^
&nd pregsed Qut ag
ointment according to art.
^
College.] Take of Ceruss washed in Pur- Ciilpcper.] It is a
great strengthener of
slain water, then in Vinegar Avherein wild the head, it being anointed with it; as also
JRhadish roots have been steeped and of all the parts of the body, especially the
pressed out, Lapis Calaminaris, Chalcilis, nerves, muscles,
]
and arteries.
of each six drams, burnt Lead, Goat's Unguentum Mastichinum.
blood, of each half an ounce, Quick-silver Or, An Ointment of Mastich.
sublimated an ounce, the juice of House-; College.] Take of the Oil of Mastich,
leek, Nightshade, Plantain, of each two Wormwood, and Nard, of each an ounce,
ounces, Hog's grease cleansed three pounds, Mastich, Mints, red Roses, red Coral, Cloves,
Oil of Violets, Poppies, Mandrakes, ofj Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes, Squinanth, of
each an ounce : first let the sublimate and each a dram, wax as much as is sufficient
I

exungia, then the oils, juices, and powders, to make

|
it into an ointment according to
be mixed, and so made into an ointment j art.
This is like the former, and
according to art. CulpeperJ]
5 A
 3C4 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
not a whit inferior to it; it strengthens the j
in Violet Water sixounces, oil of Sw^et
stomach being anointed with it, restores I Almonds four ounces, oil of Chamomel
Before it was called and
appetite and digestion. Violets, white Wax, of each three
:

a stomach ointment. ounces, Hen's and Duck's greese, of each

j

Unguentum Neapolitanum. two ounces, Orris roots two drams, Saffron

j
Take of Hog's grease washed half a dram The two last being finely
:
College.'] |

in juice of Sage a pound, Quick-silver powdered,

? the rest melted and often washed
strained through leather, four ounces, oil of; in Barley or Hyssop water, make an oint-
Bays, Chamomel, and Earthworms, of each
j
ment of them according to ari.
two ounces, Spirit of Wine an ounce, yellow ( Culpeper.'] It strengthens the breast and
Wax two ounces, Turpentine washed in stomach, eases the pains thereof, helps
juice of Elecampane three ounces, powder pleuriscs and consumptions of the lungs,
5

of Chamepitys and Sage, of each two the breast being anointed with it.
\

drams, make them into an ointment accord- |

Ungtientum "Rewmptioum.
ing to art. College.] Take of Hog's grease three
CulpeperJ] A
learned art to spoil people: ounces, the grease of Hen's, Geese, and
|

hundreds are bound to curse such oint-j Ducks, of each two ounces, Oesipus half
ments, and those that appoint them. an ounce, oil of Violets, Chamomel, and
I

Unguent um Nervinum Dill, fresh Butter a pound, white Wax six

\

College.']
Take of Cowslips with the jounces, mussilage of Gum Tragacanlh,
flowers, Sage, Rosemary,
Chamepitys, Arabic, Quince seeds, Lin-seeds, Marsh-
<

- -i -i^ . i . i ii 11
/"i 1 iii/* /"

Lavender, Bay with the berries, Chamomel, mallow roots, of each half an ounce. Let
Rue, Smallage, Melilot with the flowers, the mussilages be made in Rose water, and
j

Wormwood, of each a handful, Mints, adding the rest, make it into an ointment
j

Betony, Pennyroyal, Parsley, Centaury the according to art. J

less, St. John's Wort, of each a handful, Culpeper.']5It mightily molifies without
oil of Sheep's or Bullock's feet, five pounds, any manifest heat, and is therefore a fit
j

oil of Spike half an ounce, Sheep's or ointment for such as have agues, asthmas,
j

Bullock's Suet, or the Marrow of either, two hectic fevers, or consumptions.

| It is a
the herbs being bruised and good ointment to ease pains coming by in-
pounds : \

boiled with the oil and suet, make it into an flammations of wounds or aposthumes,
|

ointment according to art. especially such as dryness accompanies, an

;

Culpeper.'] It is appropriated to the infirmity wounded people are many times

j

nerves, and helps their infirmities coining of troubled with.

>
In inward aposthumes, as
cold, as also old bruises, make use of it in pleurises, |
one of them to anoint the ex-
dead palsies, chilliness or coldness of par-; ternal region of the part, is very benefical.
ticular members, such as the arteries per-; Unguentum Splaiichnicum ,

form not their office to as they ought ; for College.']

j
Take of oil of Capers an
wind anoint your belly with it want of jounce, oil of white Lillies, Chamomel,
; for

digestion, your stomach;

for the cholic, your fresh Butter, juice of Briony and Sow-
i

belly ;for whatever disease in any part of bread, of each half an ounce, boil it to the
j

the body comes of cold, esteem this as a consumption of the juice, add Ammoniacum
;

jewel. dissolved in Vinegar, two drams and an

5

Unguentum Pectorale. half, Hen's grease, Oesypus, Marrow of a

j

Or, A Pectoral Ointment. Call's Leg, of each half an ounce* powder

j
'

College.']
Take of fresh Butter washed of the bark of the roots of Tamaris and
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 365

Capers, Fern roots, Cetrach, of each a dram, lars and Services, of each a sufficient quan-
i

the seeds of Agnus Castuus, and Broom, tity, then dry them
\
by a gentle fire, and
of each a scruple, with a sufficient quantity with the oil and wax boil it into an oint-
j

of Wax, make it into an ointment accord- { ment.

ing to art. Culpeper.'] It is a gallant drying and
Unguentum Splanchnicum Magistrate* binding ointment. Besides, the stomach
College.'] Take of the bark of Caper! anointed with it, stays vomiting, and the
roots six drams, Briony roots, Orris Floren- belly anointed with it stays looseness, if
5

tine, powder of sweet Fennel seeds, Ammo- \ the fundament fall out, when you have put
niacum dissolved in Vinegar, of each half! it up again anoint it with this ointment, and
an ounce, tops of Wormwood, Chamomel it will fall out no more. Do the like by the
!

flowers, of each a dram, ointment of the] womb if that fall out.

juice and of flowers of Oranges, of each six |
Ointment of Marsh-mallows, compound
drams, oil of Orris and Capers, of each an
5 Nicholaus.
ounce and an half: the things which ought College.'] Take of Marsh-mallow roots
being powdered and sifted, the rest dili- two pounds, the seeds of Flax and Fcenu-
gently mixed in a hot mortar, make it into greek, of each one pound, pulp of Squills
an ointment according to art. half a pound, Oil four pounds, Wax one
Culpeper."] Both these ointments are pound, Turpentine, Gum of Ivy,Galbanum,
5

appropriated to the spleen, and eases the of each two ounces, Colophonia, Rozin, ot
pains thereof, the sides being anointed with each half a pound Let the roots be well
:

them. I fancy not the former. washed and bruised, as also the Linseed,
Unguentum e Succis. Fcenugreek seed, and Squills, then steep
Or, Ointment of Juices. them three days in eight pints of water, the
College .] Take of the juice of Dwarf- fourth day boil them a little upon the fire,
Elder eight ounces, of Smallage and Parsley, and draw out the mussilage, of which take
of each four ounces, Wormwood and Orris, two pounds, and boil it with the oil to the
of each five ounces, common Oil half aj consumption of the juice, afterwards add
pound, oil of white Lilies ten ounces, of; the Wax, Rozin, and Colophonia, when
Wormwood and Chamomel, of each six they are melted, add the Turpentine, after
ounces, the fat of Ducks and Hens, of each wards theGalbanum and Gum of Ivy, dis-
two ounces, boil them together with a gen tie solved in Vinegar, boil them a little, and
fire till the
juice be consumed, then strain having removed them from the fire, stir them
j

it, and with seven ounces of white Wax, till they are cold, that so they may be well
\

ind a little white Wine Vinegar, make it incorporated.

into an ointment according to art. CulpeperS] It heats and moistens, helps
See Unguentum ex Succis Aperitivis. pains of the breast coming of cold and
Unguentum Sumach. pleurises, old aches,
and stitches, and
College^] Take of Sumach, unripe Galls, j
softens hard swellings.
nihili.
Myrtle berries, Balaustines, Pomegranates Unguentum Diapompholigos
Pills, Acorn Cups, Cypress Nuts, Acacia, I Nicholaus.
Mastich, of each ten drams, white Take of Oil of Roses sixteen
Wax] College.']
five ounces, oil of Roses often washed in ounces, juice of Nightshade six ounces, let
i

Alum water, a pound and ten ounces, make them boil to the consumption of the juice,
a fine powder of the things you can, and then add white Wax five ounces, Ceruss
fcteep them four whole days in juice of Med- washed
two ounces, Lead burnt and washed,
366 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Pompholix prepared, pure Frankincense, Culpeper^] The belly being anointed
ofeach an ounce, let them be brought into with it kills the worms.
the form of an ointment according to art.
Culpeper.] It cools and binds, drys, and
stays fluxes, either of blood or humours in
wounds, and fills hollow ulcers with flesh.
CERECLOATHS
Unguentum Refrigerans. Galenus. Ceratum de Galbano.
It is also called a Cerecloath.
Or, Cerecloath of Galbanum.
College.] Take of white Wax fou.- Take of Galbanum prepared,
College.]
ounces, Oil of Roses omphacine one pound, an ounce and an
half, Assafoetida half an
melt it in a double vessel, then pour it out
ounce, Bdellium dram, Myrrh two drams,
a
into another, by degrees putting in cold
Wax two ounces, Carrot seeds a scruple,
water, and often pouring it out of one vessel
Featherfew, Mugwort, of each half a dram,
into another, stirring it till it be white, last
dissolve the Gums in Vinegar, and make it
of all wash it in Rose water, adding a little
a cerecloath according to art.
Rose Water, and Rose Vinegar. to the
Culpeper.] Being applied belly
Culpeper.] a fine cooling thing, to of a
It is
woman after labour, it cleanses her of
cure inflammations in wounds or tumours.
any relicts accidently left behind, helps
Ungiiejitum e Succis Aperitivis primum. the fits of the mother, and other accidents
Fcesius.
incident to women in that case.
College.] Take of the juice of Smallage,
Ceratum Oesypatum.
Endive, Mints, Wormwood, common
College^] Take of Oesypus ten ounces,
Parsley, Valerian, of each three ounces, oil
\

of Wormwood and Mints, of each half a Oil of|Chamomel, and Orris, of each half
pound, yellow Wax three ounces, mix them
a pound, yellow Wax two pounds, Rozin a
i

together over the fire, and make of them an

pound, Mastich, Ammoniacum, Turpentine,
!

ointment. *of each an ounce, Spikenard two drams

It opens stoppages of the
and an half, Saffron a dram and an half,
5

Culpeper.] make them

stomach and spleen, eases the rickets, the Styrax Calamitis half an ounce,
{

into a cerecloath according to art.

breast and sides being anointed with it. \

It molifies and digests hard

An Ointment for the Worms. Fcesius. Culpeper^]
of the liver, spleen, womb, nerves,
College.] Take of oil of Rue, Savin, swellings
Mints, Wormwood, and bitter Almonds, joints, and other parts of the body, and is a
of each an ounce and an half, juice of the great easer of pain.
flowers or leaves of Peaches, and Worm- Ceratum Santalinum.
wood, of each half an ounce, powder of College^ Take of red Sanders, ten
Rue, Mints, Gentian, Centaury the less, drams, white and yellow Sanders, of each
Tormentil, of each one dram, the seeds of six drams, red Roses twelve drams, Bole-
,

Coleworts, the pulp of Colocynthis, of each ammoniac seven drams, Spodium four
!

two drams, Aloes Hepatic, three drams, the drams, Camphire two drams, white Wax
I

meal of Lupines half an ounce, Myrrh washed thirty drams, Oil of Roses ompha-
I

washed in grass water a dram arid an half, cine six ounces make it into a cerecloath
! :

Bull's Galls an ounce and an half, with according to art.

\

juice of Lemons, so much as is sufficient, Culpeper^] It wonderfully helps hot in-

and an ounce and an half of Wax, make it firmities of the stomach, liver, and other
into an ointment according to art. to them.
\
parts, being but applied
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 8C7

Emplastrum Barbarum Magimm.

PLAISTERS. College^] Take of dry Pitch eight pounds,
yellow Wax six pounds and eight ounces,
Emplastrum ex Ammoniaoo. Per-Rozin five pounds and four ounces,
Or, A Plaister of Ammoniacum. Bitumen, Judaicum, or Mummy, four
College.'] Take of Ammoniacum, Bran pounds, Oil one pound and an half, Ver-
well sifted, of each an ounce, Ointment of digris, Litharge, Ceruss, of each three
Marsh-mallows, Melilot plaister compound, ounces, Frankincense half a pound, Roach
roots of Briony, and Orris in powder, of Alum not burnt, an ounce and an half,
each half an ounce, the fat of Ducks, burnt, four ounces, Opopanax, scales ot
Geese, and Hens, of each three drams, Brass, Galbanum, of each twelve drams,
Bdellium, Galbanum, of each one dram and Aloes, Opium, Myrrh, of each half an
an half, Per-Rozin, Wax, of each five ounce, Turpentine two pounds, juice ot
ounces, oil of Orris, Turpentine, of each Mandrakes, or else dried bark of the root,
half an ounce, boil the fats and oil with six drams, Vinegar five pounds : Lei the
mussilage of Lin-seed, and Fenugreek seed, Litharge, Ceruss, and Oil, boil to the thick-
of each three ounces, to the consumption of ness of Honey, then incorporate with them
the mussilage, strain it, and add the Wax, the Pitch, being melted with Bitumen in
Rozin, and Turpentine, the ointment of powder then add the rest, and boil them
;

Marsh-mallows with the plaister of Melilot; according to art, till the vinegar be con-
when it begins to be cold, put in the sumed, and it stick not to your hands.
Ammoniacum, dissolved in Vinegar, then Culpeper.~\ It helps the bitings of men
the Bdellium in powder, with the rest of the and beasts, eases inflammations of wounds,
powders, and make it into a plaister accord- and helps infirmities of the joints, and gouts
ing to art. in the beginning.
It softens and assuages hard
Culpeper^] Emplastrum de Betonica.
and scatters the humours offend-
swellings, Or, A Plaister of Betony.
ing, applied to the side it softens the hard- Take of Betony, Burnet, Agri-
College.']
ness of the spleen, assuages pains thence
mony, Sage, Pennyroyal, Yarrow, Comfrey
arising. the greater, Clary, of each six ounces,
Emplastrum e Baccus LuurL
Frankincense, Mastich, of each three
Or, A Plaister of Bay-berries. drams, Orris, round Birthwort, of each six
College.'] Take of Bay-berries husked, drams, white Wax, Turpentine, of each
Turpentine, of each two ounces, Frankin- eight ounces, Per-Rozin six ounces,
Gum
cense, Mastich, Myrrh, of each an ounce, Elemi, Oil of Fir, of each two ounces, Avhile
Cypress, Costus, of each half an ounce, Wine three pounds bruise
the herbs, boil
:

Honey wanned and not scummed, four them in the Wine, then strain them, and add
ounces : make it into a plaister according to the rest, and make them into a plaister ac-
art. cording to art.
It is an excellent plaister to Culpeper.~] It is a good plaister to unite
Culpeper.~\
ease any pains coming of cold or wind, in the skull when it is cracked, to draw out
any part of the body, whether stomach, pieces of broken bones, and cover the
liver, belly, reins, or bladder. It is an bones with flesh It draws filth from the
:

excellent remedy for the cholic and wind in bottom of deep ulcers, restores flesh lost,
the bowels. cleanses, digests, and drys.
5 it
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Emplastrum Ctesarus. ed, and made into~an emplaister according
;

CollegeJ] Take of red Roses one ounce to art.

j
and an half, Bistort roots, Cypress Nuts, all |Catagmaticum the second.
the Sanders, Mints, Coriander seeds, of College^]
j Take of the roots of Comfrey
each three drams, Mastich half an ounce, 'the greater, Marsh-mallows, Misselto of the
Hypocistis, Acacia, Dragon's blood, Earth Oak, of each two ounces, Platain, Chame-
,

of Lemnos. Bole-ammoniac, red Coral, of pity 8, St. John's Wort, of each a handful,
I

each two drams, Turpentine washed in \ boil them in equal parts of black Wine,
Plantain water four ounces, Oil of Roses and Smith's Water till half be consumed,
j

three ounces, white Wax twelve ounces, strain it, and add mussilage of Quince seeds
5
,

Per-Rozin ten ounces, Pitch six ounces, made in Tripe water, Oil of Mastich and
:

the juice of Plantain, Houseleek, and Or- 1 Roses, of each four ounces, boil it to the
pine, of each an ounce, the Wax, Rozin, {Consumption of the humidity, and having
and Pitch being melted together, add the strained it, add Litharge of Gold four
\

Turpentine and Oil, then the Hypocistis ounces, boil it to the consistence of an
j
and Acacia dissolved in the juices, at last emplaister, then add yellow Wax four
the powders, and make it into a plaister ounces, Turpentine three ounces, Colophonu
according to art. six drams, Ship Pitch ten ounces,
powders
Culpeper."] It is of a fine, cool, of Balaustincs, Roses, Myrtles, Acacia, of
binding, !

strengthening nature, excellently good each half an ounce, Mummy, Androsarnum,

to

repel hot rheums or vapours that ascend Mastich, Amber, of each six drams, Bole-
up to the head, the hair being shaved off, ammoniac fine flowers, Frankincense, of
and it applied to the crown. each twelve drams, Dragon's blood two
Emplastrum Catagmaticum the first. ounces make it into a plaister according
:

College.'] Take of juice of Marsh-mallow to art.

roots six ounces, bark of Ashtree roots, and Culpeper.'] Both this and the former are
their leaves, the roots of Comfrey the greater { binding and drying, the former rules will
and smaller with their leaves, of each twoj instruct you in the use.
ounces, Myrtle Berries an ounce and an \ Emplastrum Cephalicum
half, the leaves of Willow, the tops of St. Or, A Cephalic Plaister.
John's Wort, of each an handful and an College.^ Take of Rozin two ounces,
half, having bruised them, boil them together black Pitch one ounce, Labdanum, Turpen-
in red Wine, and Smith's Water, of each tine, flower of Beans, and Orobus, Dove's
j

two pound, till half be consumed, strain it, dung, of each half an ounce, Myrrh, Mas-
.

and add Oil of Myrtles, and Roses c-npha- tich, of each one dram and an half, Gum
cine, of each one pound and an half, Goat's of Juniper, Nutmegs, of each two drams,
suet eight ounces, boil it again to the con- dissolve the Myrrh and Labdanum in a hot
sumption of the decoction, strain it again, mortar, and adding the rest, make it into a
\

and add Litharge of Gold and Silver, red j plaister according to art. If you will have
Lead, of each four ounces, yellow Wax one^ it stronger, add the powders, Euphorbium,
pound, Colophoniahalf a pound, boil it to Pellitory of Spain, and black Pepper, of
\

the consistance of a plaister, then add Tur- j each two scruples.

pentine two ounces, Myrrh, Frankincense, Culpeper.] It is proper to strengthen the
Mastich, of each half an ounce, Bole- brain, and repel such vapours as annoy it,
1

ammoniac, Earth of Lemnos, of each one land those powders being added, it dries up
ounce, stir them about well till they beboil-Uhe superfluous moisture thereof, and cases
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 309
the eyes of hot scalding
vapours that annoy |
it,helps digestion, stays vomiting and putre-
them, faction of the meat there.
|
Empla strum de Cerussa. Emplastrum e Cymino.
Or, A Plaister of Ceruss. Or, A Cummin.
Plaister of
Take of Ceruss in fine College.'] Take of Cummin-seed, Bay-
College.'] powder, !

white Wax, Sallad Oil, of each three ounces, 1 berries yellow Wax, of each one pound,
>

add the Oil by degrees to the Ceruss, and p er-Rozin two pounds, common Rozin
I

boil it by continual three P ound s, Oil of Dill half a pound:

stirring over a gentle ?

lire, till it to swell, then add the Wax j

mix them > and make tnem into a plaister.
begin
II
cut small by degrees, and boil it to its justf Culpeper.'] assuages swellings, takes
consistence. awa y old aches coming of bruises, and ap-
\

Culpeper.-] It helps burns, dry scabs, and I P lied to the bell y> is an excellent remedy
hot ulcers, and in general whatever sores } for lhe wmd choll c. This I have often
abound with moisture. proved, and always with good success.
$

Emplastrum Diacaldteos.
Emplastrum ex Cicuta cum Ammoniaco. r
n
Or, A Plaister of
TT
Hemlock with
., College. lake of Hogs grease
,]
fresh and
Ammomacum.
f
purg ed ftim the skins two pounds, oil of
n ,, rp j O]ives omph acine, Litharge of Gold beaten

College.-] Take of the juice of Hemlock and ^faf

-i

of eadl thnfe d
;
wfaitc '
four ounces, Vinegar, of Squills, and
Vkriol bumt and
| d fo ur ounces , et .

Amrnomacum,oleachei g htounces,d,ssolve ltheLith

grease, and oil boil together
the Gum in the juice and Vinegar, after a
with a gentle fire, with a little Plantain
due infusion, then strain it into its just con-
water, always stirring it, to the consistence
sistence according ig TO
to art.
.ic.

I suppose it was invented to

}of a plaister, into which (being 6 removed
Ctdpeper.] from the fire)
j t in the Vitriol a nd makc jt
mitigate the extreme pains, and allay the into a Iaister accordi
j
to art
inflammations of wounds, for which it is? It is a very drying, binding
Culpeper.-]
very good: let it not be applied to any a s t ei profitable in green wounds tohinder
j
jp] ,

principal part. ,

putrefaction, as also in pestilential sores

Emplastrum e crusta Panis. after they are broken, and ruptures, and
{

Or, A Plaister of a crust of Bread. also in burnings and scaldings.

College.'] Take of Mastich, Mints, Spo- j Diachylon simple.
dium, red Coral, all the Sanders, of each j College.'] Take of mussilage of Linseed,
one dram, Oil of Mastich and Quinces, of} Fenugreek seed, Marsh-mallow roots, of
each one dram and an half, a crust of Bread each one pound, old Oil three pounds: boil
j

toasted, and three times steeped in red Rose it to the consumption of the mussilnu
j

Vinegar, and as often dried, Labdanum, of strain it, and add Litharge of Gold in fmc>
each two ounces, Rozin four ounces, Sty rax powder, one pound and an half: boil them
Calamitis half an ounce, Barley meal five water over a gentle fire always
with a little

drams : make them into a plaister accord- stirring them to a just thickness.

ing to art. It is an exceeding good

Culpeper.']
Culpeper.'] I shall commend this for a remedy for >all swellings without pain, it
plaister to strengthen the brain as any softens hardness
of the liver and spleen, it
good j
is in the
Dispensatory, the hair beings is very gentle,
shaved off, and it applied to the crown ; also j Diachylon Ireatum.
being applied to the stomach, it strengthens! College.-] Add one ounce of Orris in
3TO THE COMPLETE HERBAL
powder to every pound of Diachylon sim- breaks them, and
I cleanses them when they
ple. i are broken. It is of a most excellent ripen-
Diachylon Magnum. !
ing nature.
College.] Take of mu&silage of Raisins,
Emplaistrum Diaphcenicon hot.
fat Figs, Mastich, Mallow-roots, Linseeds,
and Fenugreek-seeds, Bird-lime, the juice
Take of yellow Wax two
of Orris and Squills, of each twelve drams Per-Rozin, Pitch, of each four
?
ounces,
ounce's, Oil of Roses and Nard, of each one
i

and an half, CEsypus or oil of Sheep's feet

an ounce and an half, Oil of Orris, Chamo- j ounce, melt them together, and add pulp of
Dates made in Wine four ounces, flesh of
I

mel, Dill, of each eight ounces, litharge of boiled in red Wine an ounce, then
Gold in fine powder one pound, Turpentine Quinces |

the powders
i take of Bread
three ounces, Per-Rozin, yellow Wax, of following :

twice baked, steeped in Wine and dried,

each two ounces, boil the oil with the inus-
two ounces, Mastich an ounce, Frankin-
silages and juices to the consumption of the cense
Wormwood, red Roses, Spikenard,
humidity, strain the oil from the faces, and of each two drams and
an half, Wood of
by adding the Litharge boil it to its con- Aloes, Mace, washed
sistence; then add the Rozin and Wax;
Myrrh, Aloes, Acacia,
Troches of Gallia Moschata, and Earth of
lastly, it being removed from the fire, add
the Turpentine, CEsypus and Birdlime,
Lemnos, Calamus Aromaticus, of each one
Labdanum three ounces, mix them
make of them a plaister by melting them dram,
and make them into a plaister according to
according to art. art.
Culpeper.~] It dissolves hardness and in-
Culpeper.] It strengthens the stomach
flammations.
and liver exceedingly,
helps fluxes, apply
Diachylonmagnum cum Gwnmi. it to the places grieved.
College.] Take of Bdellium, Sagapenum,
Amoniacum, of each two ounces, dissolved Diaphcenicon cold.

in Wine, and added to the mass of Diachy- College.'] Take of Wax four ounces, Ship
lon magnum first boil the
:
gums being dis- Pitch five ounces, Labdanum three ounces
solved, to the thickness of Honey. and an
Turpentine an ounce and an
half,
Culpeper] This is the best to dissolve half, Oil of Roses one ounce, melt these,
5

hard swellings of all the three. I and add

pulp of Dates almost ripe, boiled
Diachylon composition, sive Emplaistrum e in austere
I Wine four ounces, flesh of
Mussilaginibus. | Quinces in like manner boiled, Bread twice

Or, A Plaister of Mussilages. baked often steeped in red Wine and dried,
|

College.] Take of mussilages of the of each an ounce, Styrax Calamitis, Acacia,

j

middle bark of Elm, Marsh-mallow roots, unripe Grapes, Balaustines, yellow Sanders,
I

Linseed, and Fenugreek seed, of each four troches of Terra Lemnia, Myrrh, Wood of
|

ounces and an half, oil of Chamomel, Lilies, Aloes, of each half an ounce, Mastich, red
|

and Dill, of each an ounce and an half, Roses, of each an ounce and an half, austere
1

Ammoniacum, Galbanum, Sagapen, Opo- Wine as much as is sufficient to dissolve the

5

panax, of each half an ounce, new Wax juices, make it into a plaister according to
twenty ounces, Turpentine two ounces, art.
Saffron two drams, dissolve the Gums in Culpeper.] It strengthens the belly and
Wine, ana make it into a plaister according s liver, helps concoction in those parts, and
to art. I distribution of humours, stays vomiting and
Culpeper.~\ It ripens swellings, and 'fluxes.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 371

Emplastrum Divinum. Culpepcr.']

\ I found this receipt in an

i
Or,
m A Divine
* T
r*
Plaster.
* f*
jold manuscript written in the year 1513.
I - **

College.] Take of Loadstone four ounces, the quantity of the ingredients very little
Ammoniacum three ounces and three altered.
drams, Bdellium two ounces, Galbanum, A
Plaster of Gum Elemi.
Myrrh, of each ten drams, Olibanum nine College.] Take of Gum Elemi three
drams, Opopanax, Mastich, long Birthwort, ounces, ! Per Rozin, Wax, Ammoniacuni,
Verdigris, of each an ounce, Litharge, of each two ounces, Turpentine three
j

common Oil, of each a pound and an half, ounces and an half, Mallaga Wine so much
j

new Wax eight ounces: let the Litharge injas is sufficient: boil it to the consumption
fine powder be boiled with the oil to a of the Wine, then add the Ammoniacuni
j

thickness, then add the Wax, which being dissolved in Vinegar.

\

melted, take it from the fire, add the Gums Culpeper] The operation is the same
\

dissolved in Wine aiitl Vinegar, strain it, with drceus Liniment,;

then add the Myrrh, Mastich, Frankin- A Plaister of Lapis Calaminaris.

j

cense, Birthwort, and Loadstone in powder, College.']

j Take of Lapis Calaminaris
last of all the Verdigris in powder, and prepared an ounce, Litharge two ounces
{

make it into a plaster according to art. Ceruss half an ounce, Tutty a dram, Tur-
|

Culpeper."] It is of a cleansing nature, pentine six drams, white Wax an ounce

|

exceeding good against malignant ulcers, land an half, Stag's Suet two ounces, Frank-
it consumes corruption, engenders new! incense five drams, Mastich three drams,
flesh, and brings them to a scar. Myrrh two 'drams, Camphire a dram and
\

Emplastrum Epispasticum. ian half, make it up according to art.

College.] Take of Mustard seed, Euphor-j Emplastrum ad Herniam.

bium, long Pepper, of each one dram and \
College.']
Take of Galls, Cypress Nuts,
an half, Stavesacre, Pell itory of Spain of Pomegranate Pills, Balaustines, Acacia,
1

each two drams, Ammoniacum, Galbanum, the seeds of Plantain, Fleawort, Water-
!

Phellium, Sagapen, of each three drams, cresses, Acorn Cups, Beans terrified, Birth-
\

whole Cantharides five drams, Ship Pitch, wort long and round, Myrtles of each half
j

Rozin, yellow Wax, of each six drams, Jan ounce. Let these be powdered, and
Turpentine as much as is sufficient to make
steeped in Rose Vinegar four days, then
|

it into a plaster. Uorrified and dried, then take of Comfrey

CulpeperJ] Many people use to draw j the greater and lesser, Horsetail, Woad,
blisters in their necks for the tooth ache, or Cetrach, the roots of Osmond Royal, Fearn,
j

for rheums in their eyes ; if they please to j of each an ounce, Frankincense, Myrrh,
lay a plaster of this there, it will do it. Aloes, Mastich, Mummy, of each two
j

Emplastrum a nostratibus, Flos Ungiientorum \ ounces, Bole-ammoniac washed in Vinegar,

Dictum. JLap, Calaminaris prepared, Litharge of
'

Or, Flower of Ointments. Gold, Dragon's blood, of each three ounces,

College.'] Take of Rozin, Per Rozin, j
Ship Pitch two pounds, Turpentine six
yellow Wax, Sheep's Suet, of each half
a ounces, or as much as is sufficient to make
j
it into a to art.
pound, Olibanum four ounces, Turpentine plaster according
*

two ounces and an half, Myrrh, Mastich, \ Culpeper] The plaster is very binding
of each an ounce, Camphire two drams, and knitting, appropriated to ruptures or
i

white Wine half a pound, boil them into a burstens, as the title of it specifies, it
j

plaster [strengthens the reins and womb, slays

5 c
3T2 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
abortion, it consolidates wourds, and helps j Emplastrum de Meliloto compositum.
all diseases coming of cold and moisture. Or, A Plaster of Melilot
compound.
Emplasirum Hystericum. \
Take of Melilot flowers
College.] six
College.'] Take of Bistort roots one {drams, Chamomel flowers, the seeds of
pound, Wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, Fenugreek, Bay berries husked, Marsh-
|

Nutmegs, Barberry Kernels, Rose seeds, mallow roots, the tops of Wormwood and
\

of each one ounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, Marjoram, of each three drams, the seeds
j

Squinanth, Chamomel flowers, of each half [of Smallage, Amrni, Cardamoms, the roots
an ounce, Frankincense, Mastich, Aliptajof Orris, Cypress, Spikenard, Cassia Lignea,
Moschata, Gallia Moschata, Styrax Gala- of each one dram and an half, Bdellium
j

mitis, of each one dram, Mosch half a dram, five drams beat them all into fine powder,
*
:

yellow Wax one pound and an half, Tur- the pulp of twelve Figs, and incorporate
i

pentine half a pound, Moschaeleum four j them with a pound and an half of Melilot
ounces, Labdanum four pounds, Ship Pitch plaster simple, Turpentine an ounce and an
\

three pounds let the Labdanum and Tur- half, Ammoniacum dissolved in Hemlock
:

pentine be added to the Pitch and Wax, Vinegar, three ounces, Styrax five drams,
being melted, then the Styrax, lastly the oil of Marjoram, and Nard, of each half
rest in powder, and sifted, that they may an ounce, or a sufficient quantity, make it
be made into a plaster according to art. into a plaster vrith a hot mortar and pestle,
(

Cidpeper.] The
plaster being applied to without boiling.
the navel, is a means to withstand the fits of Culpeper.~\ It mollifies the hardness of
the mother in such women as are subject to the stomach, liver, spleen, bowels, and other
them, by retaining the womb in its place. parts of the body it wonderfully assuages
:

Emplastrum de Mastich. pain, and eases hypochondriac melancholy,

Or, A
Plaster of Mastich. and the rickets.
College] Take of Mastich three ounces, Emplastrum de minio compositum.
Bole-ammoniac washed in black Wine, an Or, A Plaster of red Lead compound.
ounce and an half, red Roses six drams, College.] Take of Oil of Roses ompha-
Ivory, Myrtle Berries, red Coral, of each cine twenty ounces, oil of Mastich two
half an ounce, Turpentine, Colophonia, \ ounces, Suet of a Sheep and a Calf, of each
Tachamahacca, Labdanum, of each two half a pound, Litharge of Gold and Silver,
ounces, yellow Wax half a pound, Oil of red Lead, of each two ounces, a taster full
Myrtles four ounces make it into a plaster of Wine : boil them by a gentle fire con-
:

according to art. tinually stirring it till it grow black, let the

Culpeper] It is a binding plaster, fire be hottest towards the latter end, then
strengthens the stomach being applied to it, add Turpentine half a pound, Mastich two
and helps such as loath their victuals, or ounces, Elemi one ounce, white Wax as
Gum
cannot digest it, or retain it till it be much as is sufficient boil them a little, and :

digested. ;
make them into a plaster according to art.
Emplastrum de Meliloto Simplex. Culpeper.~\ It potently cures wounds,
Or, A
Plaster of Melilot simple. old malignant ulcers, and is very drying.
i .

College.'] Take of Rozin eight pounds, Emplastrum de minio Simplicius.

i;

yellow Wax four pounds, Sheep's Suet two Or, A

Plaster of red Lead simple,
pounds : these being melted, add green College] Take of red Lead nine ounces,
Melilot cut small, five pounds: make it; Oil of red Roses one pound and an half,
into a plaster according to art. Wine Vinegar six ounces, boil it
[white
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 373
into the perfect body of a plaster. It is and make them into a plaster
according to
prepared without Vinegar, thus: take of red art.
Lead one pound, Oil of Roses one pound Culpeper.~\ It strengthens the brain and
and an half, Wax half a pound, make it and then being applied to the back,
nerves,
into a plaster according to art. down along the bone, it must needs add
Culpeper.] It is a fine cooling healing strength to the body.
plaster, and very drying. Emplastrum Oxycroceum.
Emplastrum Metroproptoticon. College.'} Take of Saffron, Ship-pitch,
College^] Take of Mastich one ounce Colophonia, yellow Wax, of each four
and an half, Galbanum dissolved in red ounces, Turpentine, Galbanum, Ammonia-
Wine and strained, six drams, Cypress Tur- cum, Myrrh, Olibanum, Mastich, of each
one ounce and three drams. Let the Pitch
pentine two drams, Cypress Nuts, Galls, of and
each one dram and an half, oil of Nutmegs Colophonia be melted together, then,
add the Wax, then (it being removed from
by expression one dram, Musk two grains the
and an half, Pitch scraped off from old fire) the Turpentine, afterwards the
Gums dissolved in Vinegar, lastly the Saf-
ships two drains and an half; beat the Gal- fron in
banum, Pitch, Turpentine, and Mastich and so make powder, well mixed with Vinegar,
it into a
plaster according to
gently in a hot rnortar and pestle, towards art.
the end, adding the Oil of Nutmegs, then
Culpeper.] It is of a notable softening
the rest in powder, last of all the Musk
and discussing quality, helps broken bones,
mixed with a little Oil of Mastich upon a
and any part molested with cold, old aches,
marble, and by exact mixture make them
stiffness of the limbs by reason of wounds,
into a plaster.
ulcers, fractures, or dislocations, and dis-
Emplastrum Nervmnm. sipates cold swellings.
College.'] Take of Oil of Chamomel and Emplastrum Stephaniaion,
Roses, of each two ounces, of Mastich, College."] Take of Labdanum half an
Turpentine, and Linseeds, of each an ounce ounce, Styrax, Juniper Gum, of each two
and an half, Turpentine boiled four ounces, drams, Amber, Cypress, Turpentine, of
Rosemary, Bettony, Horsetail, Centaury the each one dram, red Coral, Mastich, of each
less, of each a handful, Earth-worms washed half a dram, the flowers of Sage, red
and cleansed in Wine three ounces, tops Roses, the roots of Orris Florentine, of
of St. John's Wort a handful, Mastich, Gum each one scruple, Rozin washed in Rose-
Elemi, Madder roots, of each ten drams, water half an ounce, the Rozin, Labdanum l
Ship-pitch, Rozin, of each an ounce and Juniper Gum, and Turpentine, being gently
an half, Litharge of Gold and Silver, of beaten in a hot mortar, with a hot pestle,
each two ounces and an half, red Lead two Crinkling in a few drops of red Wine till
ounces, Galbanum, Sagapen, Ammoniacum, they are in a body; then put in the pow-
of each three drams; boil the roots, herbs, ders, and by diligent stirring make them
and worms, in a pound and an half of Wine into an exact plaster.
till half be consumed, then press them out, Emplastrum Sticticum*
and boil the decoction again with the Oils, College.']
Take of Oil of Olives six
Suets, Litharge, and red Lead, to the con- ounces, yellow Wax an ounce and an half,
sumption of theT Wine: then add the Gums Litharge in powder four ounces and
an
dissolved in W
ine, afterwards the Turpen- half, Ammoniacum, Bdellium, of each half
tine, Rozin, Pilch, and Mastich, in powders an ounce, Galbanum, Opopanax Oil of
 374 THE COMPLETE HERBAL.
Bays, Lapis Calaminaris, both sorts of \
or faces of liquid Styrax, Bdellium, of each
Birtlrwort, Myrrh, Frankincense, of each i one dram, Litharge half a dram,
two drarns, pure Turpentine an ounce. Let \
CulpeperJ] It is of a gentle emolient
the Oil, Wax, and Litharge be boiled toge- 1
nature, prevails against stoppings of the
ther till it stick not to your fingers, then the j stomach, coming of cold, hardness of the
mass being removed from the fire and cooled i spleen, coldness of the liver and matrix,
a little, and the Gums dissolved in white \
Emplastrum Gratia Dei. Nich.
Wine Vinegar, which evaporate away by \
Or the Grace of God.
boiling, strain it strongly, then add the \
College.'] Take of Turpentine half a
powders, Turpentine, and Oil of Bays, that \ pound, Rozin one pound, white Wax four
it
may be made into a plaster according to ounces, Mastich an ounce, fresh Betony,
\

art. Vervain, and Burnet, of each one handful.

\

Culpeper.] It strengthens the nerves, Let the herbs, being bruised, be sufficiently
{

draws out corruption, takes away pains and boiled in white Wine, the liquor pressed 5

aches, and restores strength to members that out, in which let the Wax and Rozin be !

have lost it the last is most effectual.

: {
boiled to the consumption of the liquor :

Emplastrum Stomachicum Magistrate.

bein g taken from the fire let the Turpentine >

be mixed w h jt
\
the Mastich in '

Or, A Stomach Plaster.

astl
-,.-. .ITT j
y_
powder, and so make of them a plaster
}
'
i
/
}>.
,
~, rp
-, ,. '

College.] Take of Mints, Wormwood,

ccordi to art
Stoachas, Bay leaves, of each a dram, Mar- n jn ,"
is excellent good in wounds
red
i, c f
of each
i i Culpeper.l
* J It '

Jloram, Roses, yellow banders, an green ulcers, c

, ., ,
for it keeps back inflam-
a , .

two drams, ^ Calamus Aromaticus, \\r Woodi orc\

,
.- i j n >

TVT n mations, cleanses and loins wounds, fills up

, ;

Aloes, Lavender flowers, Nutmegs,nCubebs, tllCcl o W1L11 fl

,

; '. , ,

s~* i i -f-fc -\ir i $

iJv r>ll.
Galanga, BTV/T long;
A u *i
-
Pepper, Mace, ot each ai
rii
^ ,
Emplastrum
, 7
de Janua,
/.
.
D
or of Betony.
,

dram, Mastich three drams, Cloves two *

N' h 1 '

drams and an half, Oil of Mints an ounce ?

TAT
7I
A College.] , c rp i
Take ^ ofc Jj -i
the jmice of r -r
Betony,
andj an half,
i 11- /-vi
Oil ot JNard an ounce, Oil ot \
/-k-i

and omallage, ofr each one pound,

, v
o ., T> iir
Spike a dram, Rozin Wax, of each fourj
ounces, Labdanum three ounces Styrax hdf
f i. c \ Plantain,

pitch Uozin f T
Qund |
w t[

and Rozin in ^^ ^ ^^
lialt an ounce make it into a plaster.
:
n .-, r>

^ , -,T, ,, ,,
Both this and the
.

other of
f the mices with a gentle fire, continually 7

^ ^ * _4. t
Culpeper.\
ni j,
M1 ,,?
stirnno; them till the mice be consumed ;
,
, i-

that name which you shall have by and by, ,1 m

,. *?.
digestion
.1.1.
streno-then the stomach exceeding-Iy,
and stay J vomiting;.
i-
, T

& ^
.
'
.
j .>

In
{
u J* ! then add the Turpentine and Pitch, con-
help '

r i
i
>

r tinually stirring; it till it be brought into +the

j-
T>--

u . i
i i

consistence of a plaster according to art.

:

Emplastrum Ceroma, or, Ceroneum.

Emplastrum Isis Epigoni. Galen.
College.] Take of yellow Wax an hun-
Nich. Alex.
College.~\ Take of Pitch scraped from a dred drams, Turpentine two hundred drams,
?

Ship that hath been a long time at Sea, scales of Copper, Verdigris, round Birth- !

yellow Wax, of each seven drams, Saga-| wort, Frankincense, Sal-ammoniac, Ammo-
penum six drams, Ammoniacum, Turpen- \ niacum, burnt brass of each eight drams,
tine, Colophonia, Saffron, of each four | burnt Alum six drams, Aloes, Myrrh, Gal-
drams, Aloes, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each banum, of each an ounce and a half, old |

three drams, Styrax Calamitis, Mastich, Oil one pound, sharp Vinegar so much as 5

Opopanax, Galbanum, Alum, the seeds of [is sufficient. Let the metals be dissolved
Fenugreek, of each two drams, the settlings in the sun with the Vinegar, then put iii
J
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 375

those things that may be melted, last of all I

Turpentine, last of all the Colophonia,
the powders, and make them all into an 1 Mastich, Frankincense, Bdellium, Alum,
emplaster. I
Myrrh, and Fenugreek in powder let :

Galen it to the ! them be made into a

Culpeper.~] appropriates plaster,
head, and ulcers there. I know no reason \ Culpeper.~\ It strengthens the stomach,
but why it may as well serve for other parts and helps digestion.
of the body. Emplastrum Nigrum. August. Called in
A Plaster of Mastich. Nich. Alex. High Dutch Stichstaster.
College.']
/ J
Take of Mastich, Ship1 Pitch, College.']
IL/
Take of Colophonia,
_J A Rozin,
Sagapenum, Wax, of each six drams, j Ship Pitch, white Wax, roman Vitriol,
Ammoniacum, Turpentine, Colophonia, Ceruss, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each eight
Saffron, Aloes, Frankincense, Myrrh, of ounces, Oil of roses seven ounces, Oil of
each three drams, Opopanax, Galbanum, Juniper Berries three ounces, Oil of Eggs
Styrax, Calamitis, Alum, (Rondeletius ap- two ounces, Oil of Spick one ounce, white
points, and we for him) Bitumen, Fenu- Vitriol, red Coral, Mummy, of each two
greek, of each two drams, the feces of ounces, Earth of Lemnos, Mastich, Dragon's
Liquid Styrax, Bdellium, Litharge, of each blood, of each one ounce, the fat of an
half a dram Let the Litharge, being beaten
: Heron one ounce, the fat of Pimullus three
into powder, be boiled in a sufficient quan- ounces, Load stone prepared, two ounces,
tity of water then add the pitch, which Earthworms prepared, Camphire, of each
;

being melted, add the Wax and Ammoni- one ounce ; make them into a plaster ac-
acum, afterwards let the Sagapenum, Opo- cording to art.
panax, and Galbanum be put in then the
; Culpeper.~\ It is very good in green
Styrax and Feces being mixed with the wounds and shootings.

5 D
 A KEY
TO

GALEN'S METHOD OF PHYSIC.

The general use of physic. \

the whole ground and foundation of physic)
I SHALL desire thee, whoever thou art, are totally led astray by Tradition.
|

that intendest the noble (though too much! It is the manifest qualities of medicines
abused) study of physic, to mind needfully \ that here I am to speak to, and you may be
ihese folio wing rules
; which being well un-i pleased to behold it in this order,
derstood, shew thee the Key of Galen and I

Hippocrates their method of physic : he |

that useth their method, and is not heedful

of these rules, may soon cure one disease, SECTION. 1. Of the Temperature of
and cause another more desperate. Medicines.
That thou mayest understand what I{ SECTION. 2. Of the appropriation of
intend, it is to discover in a general way of \ Medicines.
the manifest virtues of medicines. {SECTION. 3. Of the Properties of Medicines
I say of the manifest virtues, and qualities, j
viz. Such as are obvious to the senses, \
especially to the taste and smell : for it I
hath been the practice of most Physicians, SECTION I.
in these latter ages as well as ours, to say,
when they cannot give, nor are minded to Of the Temperature of Medicines.

*tudy a reason, why an herb, plant, &c. Herbs, plants, and other medicines mani-
I

hath such an operation, or produces such an festly operate, either by heat, coldness, dry-
!

effect in the body of man :

ness, or moisture, for the world being corn-
It doth it by an j

hidden quality, for they not minding the posed of so many qualities, they
i and only
whole creation, as one united body, not know-they can
i be found in the world, and the
ingwhatbelongstoastro/w/?//fHce,notregard- j mixtures of them one with another,
ing that excellent harmony the only wise But that they may appear as clear as the
$

God hath made in a eomposition of con- sun when he is upon the meridian, I shall
;

traries fin the

knowledge of which consists treat of them severally, and in this order
i
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 77

1. Of Medicines temperate. jand vigour, and may be used without dan-

2. Of Medicines hot. \
ger, or fear of danger, by considering whfh
3. Of Medicines cold. \
part of the body is weak, and using such
4. Of Medicines moist. \ temperate medicines as are appropriated to
5. Of Medicines dry. \ that part.
Of Medicines hot.
Of Medicines Temperate. Thecare of the ancient Physicians was
If the world be composed of extremes, such that they did not labour to hide from
. 1 f* 1 1

then it acts by extremes, for as the man is,

. .

but impart to posterity, not only the tem-

so is his work therefore it is impossible
:
perature of medicines in general, but also
that anv medicine can be temperate, but; their degrees in temperature, that so the
may be reduced to heat, cold, dryness, or distempered part may be brought to its
|

moisture, and must operate, (I mean such as temperature, and no further; for all things
j

operate by manifest quality) by one of these, which are of a contrary temperature, coii-
\

because there is no other to operate by, and cluce not to cure, but the strength of the
j
that there should be such a temperate mix- contrariety must be observed, that so the
\

ture, so exquisitely of these qualities in any medicine may be neither weaker nor strong-
\

medicine, that one of them should notjer, than just to take away the distemper;
manifestly excel the other, I doubt it is a for if the distemper be but meanly hot, and
j

system too rare to find. you apply a medicine cold in the fourth
\

Thus then I conclude the matter to be degree, it is true, you may soon remove that
,
j
those Medicines are called temperate (not distemper of heat, and bring another ot
|

because they have excess of temperature cold twice as bad. Galen, de simp, med.facul.
|

at all in them) which can neither be said, \lib.3. cap. 12.

to heat nor cool so much as will amount to Then, secondly, Not only the distemper
:

the first degree of excess, for daily expe- itself, but also the part of the body dis-
;

rience witnesses that they being added to tempered must be heeded| for if the head ;

medicines, change not their qualities, they be distempered by heat, and you give such
j

make them neither hotter nor colder. medicines as cool the heart or liver, you will
i

Their ust,. They are used in such dis- bring another disease, and not cure the
\

eases where there is no manifest distemper former. j

of the first qualities, viz. heat and cold, The degrees then of temperature are to
j

for example ;In obstruction of the bowels, be diligently heeded, which antient physi-
where cold medicines might make the ob- cians have concluded to be four in the quali-
j

struction greater, and hot medicines cause a ties, viz. heat and cold, of each we shall
j

fever. speak a word or two severally.

i

In fevers of flegm, where the cause is Of Medicines hot in the Jirst degree.
j

cold and moist, and the effect hot and dry; Those are said to be hot in the first de-
j

in such, use temperate medicines which may gree, which induce a moderate and natural
!

neither encrease the fever by their heat, heat to the body, and to the parts thereof;
!

nor condensate the flegm by their coldness. \

either coldby nature, or cooled by accident,
Besides, because contraries are taken ; by which natural heat is cherished when

away by their contraries, and every like | weak, or restored when wanting,
maintained by they arc of great:
its like, Effect 1. The first effect then of mcdi-
use, to preserve the constitution of the body \ cines
hot in the first degree, is, by their
and the body itself in strength sweat and temperate heat to reduce the
*

temperate,
378 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
body tons natural heat, as the fire doth the!
appropriated to, or by not heeding well the
external parts in cold weather, unless the complexion of the patient, or the natural
\

affliction of cold be so great that such mild temper of the part of the body afflicted, for
;

medicines will not serve the turn. the heart is hot, but the brain temperate.
1

Effect 2. The second effect is, the miti- Effect 4.

1 Lastly, Medicines hot in the
gation of pain arising from such distemper, first degree, cherish heat in the internal
a I

and indeed this effect hath other medicines, j parts, help concoction, breed good blood,
some that are cold, and some that are hotter { and keep it in temper, being bred,
good
than the first degree, they being rationally j Of Medicines hot in the second degree
applied to the distemper. These medicines These are something hotter than the
|

the Greeks call Anodyna, and shall be spo- natural te

mper of a man.
ken of in their proper places. In thisj Us> Their use for such whose stomachs
place that medicines hot in the are
let it suffice with mo i sture , because their
j
filled
firstdegree, the offending humours
make is too hot and dry . tney take away
faculty
thin, and expel them by sweat, or insensible
j
obstructions or stoppings, open the pores
transpiration, and these of all others arej of the skjn> but not in lhe same manner
most congruous or agreeable to the body of that uch do as are hot in the first .
|
degree
man, for there is no such equal temperature for they do it without force , by a gentle heat
of heat and cold in a sound man, but heat concoct i
ng? an d expelling the humours, by
exceeds, for we live by heat and moisture, |
strengt h e ning and helping nature in the
and not by cold. work but these cut tough humours, and
.

j
Medicines then which are hot in the first scatter t } iem
5
by their own force and power
degree, are such as just correspond to the j when nature cannot .

natural heat of our bodies ; such as are i

Of Medicines hot in the third

hotter or colder, are more subject to do mis-
Those which attain the third degree ot
chief, being * administered by an unskilful lltrtt* have same faculties
JClVvCllLlV^O with those
111 WOO
, 1 / 1heat, lid V \> the
IL1V> OCIIJ.JI/ TV LI 1 I

hand, than these are, because of their con- before mentioned but as th e hott
J
trariety to nature ; whereas these are grate-
*

go are th re erful in thcir opera .

ful to the body by their moderae heat.
f ^ in heatj M
^^
\ { >
Thirdly, These take away and
.

Effects.
weariness, and help fevers, being outwardly fe ^f unadvised]
Their u
fc
iven the|
is to ^ ^
applied, because they open the pores of the j
sk,n, and by their gentle heat prepare &c
humours and take away those fuliginous
vapours that are caused by fevers.
i
^
^
R and compacted humours, to provoke
abundan {| hence it comes to pass
n of them /esi
.

t ison>
<.** ,? /
Medicines hot fourth degree. tn the
Discommodities.-]
-I..
Yet mayJ discommo- Of i-->o/-li/>in/ic!
T'U^o^ /-vKtoiri thr> hirrhper flF>(T
dities arise by heedless giving even of these,
Those medicines obtain the highest degree
of heat, which are so hot that they burn the
which I would have young students in phy-
11IWIU body
do more of a man, being outwardly applied to
aiU IU be
sic to UC very
VCl careful in,
IxCUGlUl 1LI, lest
1C3L they
llltj VHJ a .
-
UT^,
cause inflammations or raise blisters,
mischief than they are aware of, viz. It is it, ajid
Crowfoot, Mustard-seed, Onions, &c,
possible by too much use of them, to con- i".
these more hereafter.
same not only what is inimical in the body, :

but also the substance itself, and the strength Of cooling Medicines.
of the spirits, whence comes faintings, and | Physicians have also observed four
de
sometimes death : besides, by applying grees of coldness in medicines, which I shall
j

them to the parts of the body they are not briefly treat of in order.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
OfMedicines cold in the first degree. in the second or third degree, always let
j

Those medicines which are least cold of

|
the remedy correspond to the just propor-
all, obtain the first degree of coldness and ; | tion of the affliction.
I beseech you take notice of this, that see- \
Use 3. Thirdly, Sometimes the spirits
ing our bodies are nourished by heat, and j are moved inordinately through heat, thence
we live by heat, therefore no cold medi- \ follows immoderate watchings, if not de-
cines are friendly to the body, but what | privation of the senses, this also must be
good they do our bodies, they doit by re- I remedied with cold medicines, for cold
moving an unnatural heat, or the body I
stops the pores of the skin, makes the
heated above it natural temper. 1 humours thick, represses sweat, and keeps
The giving then of cold medicines to a j
up the spirits from fainting,
man in his natural temper, the season of j Qf Medicines cold in the fourth degree.
the year also being but moderately hot, ex- The uge of medicines co|d jn the
natural heat in the body of man.
]j
j^j^
linguistics fourth degree? j Sj TO mitigate desperate and
Yet have these a necessary use in them rehement pains, stupifying the senses, when
too, though not so frequent as hot medi- j no other course can De ta k en to gave ] ife
.

cines have; and that may be_the reason O f tne use of which more hereafter
why an all wise God hath furnished us with moistening Medicines.
Of
far more hot herbs and plants, &c. than
There can be no such difference found
co]d.
Use 1. Their use is first, in nourishment, amongst moistening medicines, that they
should surpass the second degree. For see-
that so the heat of food may be qualified,
and made a weak stomach to digest.
for ing all medicines are either hot or cold,
neither heat nor cold, seeing they are ex-
Use 2. Secondly, To restrain and assuage
can consist with moisture, for the
the heat of the bowels, and to cool the tremes,
one dries it up, the other condensates it.
blood in fevers.
Therefore if the distemper of heat be but
Use. Phylosophers therefore call mois-
cold in the first degree
ture and dryness, passive qualities, yet have
gentle, medicines for moist
will suffice also children, and such people they
their operation likewise ;
;
medicines lenifies and make slippery ease
whose stomachs are weak, are easily hurt |
the cough, and help the roughness of the
by cold medicines. throat. These operations are proper to
Of Medicines cold in tht second and third medicines moist in the first degree.
degree.
Those which are moister, take away
v Use 1. Such whose stomachs are strong, \

such medi- strength help the sharpnes:

and livers hot, may easily bear j
humours make
cines as are cold in the second degree, and j
thlcker ' looses the
in cases of extremity find much help by
}
them: as also by such as are cold in the or indiscreet use of them
j \ mmoderdie
thud degree, the
Se ^f^^'gJ^jJ^JJJJ
&
i
dulls the body, and makes it unfit for action.

Of *3W* Medicines.
heat of choier is
assuaged.
Use 2. Also they are outwardly applied \ Drying medicines have contrary tacult
to hot swellings, due consideration being {to these, viz. To consume moisture, stop
and make such parts dry as are
had, that if the inflammation be not great, j fluxes,
use those that are less ; if the inflammation { slippery, they make the body and members
too much
be vehement, make use of medicines cold | firm, when they are weakened by
5 E
380 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
moisture, that so they may perform their
proper functions. SECTION II.
Yet although the members be strengthen-
ed by drying medicines, ihey have not- Of the appropriation of Medicines to ihc
withstanding their own proper moisture in several parts of the body.
them, which ought be conserved, and not
to That the and use of these medi-
qualities
destroyed, for without it
they cannot con- cines may be found out, and understood
sist :If then this moisture be consumed by by every one, and so my country reap the
using, or rather over use of drying medi- j benefit of my labour, they shall find them
cines, the members can neither be nourish- \ presented to their view in this order.
ed, nor yet perform their proper actions. Medicines appropriated.
Such medicines as are dry in the third 1. To the head.
degree, being unadvisedly given, hinder \ 2. To the breast and lungs
the parts of the body they are appropriated To the heart.
\
3.
to, of their nourishment, and by that means j 4. To the stomach.
brings them into consumption. 5. To the liver.
Besides, There is a certain moisture in I 6. To the spleen.
the body of man, which is called radical To the reins and bladder.
7.
moisture, which being taken away, the parts 8. To the womb.
must needs die, seeing natural heat and life To the joints.
9.
also consists in it, and this may be done by I

too frequent use of medicines dry in the?

fourth degree : And it may be this was the
reason of Galen's writing, that things dry j
j
CHAPTER I.

in the fourth degree, must of necessity burn j

;
Medicines appropriated to the head.
Of
which is an effect of heat, and not of dry-
j
[head] is usually understood all that
By
ness, unless by burning, Galen means con- j
part of the body which is between the top
suming the radical moisture. of the crown, and the uppermost joint ot
The use then of drying medicines, is only the neck, yet are those medicines properly
j

to such bodies, and parts of the body, as

called Cephalical, which are appropriated
|

abound with moisture, in which observe! to the brain, not to the eyes, ears, nor
these rules.
teeth; neither are those medicines which are
1. If the moisture be not exteme, let not
the medicine be extremely drying.
j
proper to the ears, proper also to the eyes,
therefore (my intent being to write as plain
3. Let it be proper to the part of
the| as I can) I shall subdivide this chapter into
body afflicted, for if the liver be afflicted j these
parts.
by moisture, and you go about to dry the | Medicines appropriated
brain or heart, you may sooner kill than \
cure. 1. To the brain.
Thus have we 2. To the eyes
briefly spoken of the first |
of and in the general? 3. To the mouth, and
nostrils.
qualities medicines,
4. To the ears.
only, and but briefly, because we shall {
5. To the teeth.
always touch upon them in the exposition j
of the olher qualities, in which you must \ For what medicines are appropriated ,lo
alwa ys have an eye to these. an unruly tongue, is not in my power ut

present to determine.
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3U1

Of Medicines appropriated to the brain. Some Cephalics purge the brain, sonic
\

Before we treat of medicines appropriated heat it, some cool it, some strengthen it;
j

to the brain, it is requisite that we describe but how they perform this office peculiarly
j

what the nature and affection of the brain to the brain, most physicians confess thev
j

is. could neither comprehend by reason, nor

I

The brain which is the seat of appre- describe by precepts, only thus, they do it
1

hension, judgment, and memory, the origi- by an hidden quality, either by strengthen-
>

nal of sense and motion, is by nature tern- ing the brain, thereby descending it from
j

perate, and if so, then you will grant me | diseases, or by a certain antipathy between
that it may easily be afflicted both by heat' them and the diseases incident to the brain,
and cold, and it is indeed more subject to Lastly, For the use of Cephalics, ob-
>

affliction by either of them, than any other serve, if the brain be much afflicted, you
j

part of the body, for if it be afflicted by cannot well strengthen it before you have
I

heat, sense and reason, it is immoderately purged it, neither can you well purge the
j

moved, if by cold, they languish, and are brain before you have cleansed the rest of
|

dulled, to pass by other symptoms which the body, it is so subject to receive the
:

invade the head, if the brain be altered vapours up to it give cooling Cephalics
I ;

from its proper temper. |

when the brain is too hot, and hot Cephalics
Also this is peculiar to the brain, that it when it is too cold.
I

is delighted or offended by smells, sights, Beware of using cooling medicines to

|
"

and sounds, but I shall meddle no further the brain when the crisis of a disease is
with these here, because they are not medi- near how that time may be known, I shall
:

cines. (God me) instruct you hereafter,

assisting
Cephalical Medicines may be found out
let it f now, that according as thedis-
suffice
from the affections of the brain itself. The ease I
afflicting your head is, so let your
brain is usually oppressed with moisture in 1
remedy be.
such afflictions ; therefore give such medi-j Of Medicines appropriated to the
eyes.
cincs as very gently warm, cleanse, cut, and j
Take such medicines as are appropriated
the eyes under the name of (Ocular
dry: but witha-1, let them be such as are to I

I do it partly to avoid multipli-

appropriated to the head, such as physi- j Medicines)
cians say (by an hidden quality) strengthen city of words, and partly to instruct my
:

the brain. 1 countrymen in the terms of art belonging

the situation would have called them
Again, if you consider ofjto physic, (I
the brain, you shall find it placed in the \ [Ophthalmics] had not the word been trou-
therefore it is | blesome to the reading, much more to the
highest part of the body,
as I even
vapours: this* understanding of a countryman)
easily afflicted with hot vapours
punishes a man with watching and head- now called such medicines [Cephalics] a$
and were lo the brain.
ache, as the former did with sottishness appropriated
in such cases use such Cephalecs Ocular medicines are two-fold, viz. such
sleepiness,
as gently cool the brain. as are referred to the visive virtues, and such
:

To make Cephalecs of Narcoticks, or j as are referred to the eyes themselves,

is not my intent, for* Such as strengthen the visive virtue or
stupifying medicines,
I am confident are inimical both to !
they the optick nerves which convey it to the
brain and senses. Of and such eyes (say Doctors) do it by an hidden
these,
into the reason which no man can
j

medicines as also purge the brain, I shall virtue,

i

To dive, unless they should fetch it from the

speak by and by. return to my purpose.
382 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
similitude of the substance And yet they they are of themselves very dry, therefore
:
;

say a Goat's liver conduces much to make \ they require medicines which dry much,
one see in the night, and they give this Medicines appropriated to the teeth.
reason, because Goats see as well in the Vehement heat, and vehement cold, are
night as in the day. Yet is there no affi- inimical to the teeth, but they are most of
nity in temperature nor substance between all offended by sharp and sour things, and
the liver and the eyes : However Astro- the reason is, because they have neither
logers know
well enough that all herbs, skin nor flesh to cover them, they delight in
j

plants, &e. that are under the dominion of) such medicines as are cleansing and bind-
either sun or moon, and appropriated to ing, because they are troubled with de-
j

thehead, be they hot or cold they strengthen fluxions and rheums upon every light oc-
;

the visive virlue, as Eyebright, which is hot I casion ; and that's the reason the common
Limaria, or Moonwort which is cold. J use of fat and sweet things, soon rots the
As for what appertains to the constitu- teeth.
tion of the eyes themselves, seeing they are
exact in sense, they will not endure the
least inconvenience, therefore such medi-
CHAPTER II.
cines as outwardly applied to them
are
(for such medicines as strengthen
the visive Of Medicines appropriated to the breast
virtues are always given inwardly) let them and lungs.
neither hurt by their hardness nor gnawing The medicines appropriated to the breast

quality, nor be so tough

that they should and lungs, you shall find called all
along
stick to them. Therefore let ocular medi- by the name of [pectorals'] that's the term
cines be neither in powders nor ointments, Physicians give them, when you heat them
because oil itself is offensive to the eyes, talk of pectoral Syrups, pectoral rows, or
and how pleasing powders are to them, pectoral Ointments.
you may perceive yourself by just going They are divers, some of which regard
into the dust. the part afflicted, others the matter afflict-
Medicines appropriated to the mouth and nose. ing.
Apply no stinking medicine to a disease But although sometimes in ulcers of the
in the nose, for such offend not only the lungs, we are forced to use binding medi-
nose, but also the brain ; neither administer cines, to join the ulcer, yet are not these
medicines of any ill taste to a disease in the ';
called pectorals, because binding medicines
mouth, for that subverts the stomach, be-, are extreme hurtful to the breast and lungs,
cause the tunicle of the mouth and of the both because they hinder one's fetching his
stomach is the same and because both breath, and also because they hinder the
:

mouth and nostrils are ways by which the avoiding that flegm by which the breast is
brain is cleansed, therefore are they in- oppressed,
fected with such vices as need almost con- \ Such medicines are called pectorals,
tinual cleansing, and let the medicines youj which are of a lenifying nature,
apply to them be either pleasant, or at| Besides, Those which make thin matter
least, not ingrateful. |
thicker are of two sorts, wz. Some ate mild
\ and
Medicines appropriated to the ears. gentle, which may safely be administed,
The ears are easily afflicted by cold, I be the matter hot or cold which ofFendeth ;
because they are always open, therefore j others are very cold, which are used only
they require hot medicines. And because when the matter offending is sharp.
'
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 383
But because such medicines as conduce will easily
j grant me, that it is the property
to the cure of the phthisics (which is an! of cordials to administer to the heart in these
ulceration of the lungs, and the disease \ particulars.
usually called, the consumption of the Of Cordials, some cheer the mind, some
}

lungs,) are also reckoned in amongst pec- strengthen the heart, and refresh the
\
spirits
toral,s it is not amiss to speak a word or thereof, being decayed,
{

two of them. Those which cheer the mind, are not one
In the cure of this disease are three { and the same for as the heart is variously
;

things to be regarded. disturbed, either by anger, love, fear, hatred,

1. To cut and bring away the concreted sadness, &c. So such things as flatter
lovers or appease the
blood. angry, or comfort the
2. To cherish and strengthen the lungs. fearful, or please the hateful, may well be
^

3. To conglutmate the ulcer. [called cordials; for the heart, seeing it is

Si 1 .1 i i i ^.
And indeed some particular simples will { placed in the middle between the brain
perform all these, and physicians confess I and the liver, is
wrought upon by reason, as
it ; which shews the wonderful mystery the j well asby digestion, yet these, because
all-wise God hath made in the creation, :
they are not medicines, are beside my pre-
that one and the same simple should per- sent scope.
form two contrary operations on the same And although it is true, that mirth, love,
|

part of the body ; for the more a medicine &c. are actions, or motions of the mind,
|

cleanses, the more it

congluti nates. not of the body yet many have been
\ ;

To conclude then, Pectoral Medicines! induced to think such affections may be

are such as either cut and cleanse out the wrought in the body by medicines.
j

compacted humours from the arteries of the The heart is chiefly afflicted by too much
I

lungs, or make heat, by poison, and by stinking vapours,

thin defluxions thick, or >

temper those that are sharp, help the rough- and these are remedied by the second sort
j

ness of the wind-pipe, or are generally of cordials, and indeed chiefly belong to
\

lenitive and softening, being outwardly ap-jour present scope.

plied to the breast. According to these three afflictions, viz.
1. Excessive heat.
2. Poison.
eanc
PHAPTFR III
'
vapours.
Are three kinds of remedies which suc-
cour the afflicted heart.
Of Medicines appropriated to the heart. j

These are they which are generally given Such as

under the notion of Cordials; take them j 1.
By their cooling nature mitigate the heat
under that name here. Iqffaxrt.
The heart is the seal of the vital spirit, the | 2. Resist poison.
fountain of life, the original of infused heat, 3. Cherish the vital spirits when they lan-
and of the natural affections of man. guish.
So then these two things are proper to the All these are called Cordials,
heart. ! Such as cool the heart in fevers, ye\

1. By its heat to cherish life throughout is not every thing that cooleth cordial, foi
\

ihe body. head is colder than gold, yet is not lead

2. To add vigour to the affections. cordial as gold is, some hold it cordial by
j

And if these^be proper to the heart, you a hidden quality, others by reason.
5 t
384 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
2. Such as resist poison; there is a two- \
1.
Appetite lost.
Ibid resisting of poison. 2. Digestion weakened.
1.
By an antipathy between the medicine] 3. The retentive faculty
corrupted.
wid poison. When the appetite is lost, the man feels
2. By a sympathy between the medicine and no hunger when his body needs nourish-
I

the heart. inent.

j

Of the first we shall speak anon, in a? When digestion isweakened it is not

chapter by itself. The latter belongs to 1 able to concoct the meat received into the
this chapter, and they are such medicines, stomach, but it putrifies there.
j

whose nature is to
strengthen the heart, and When the retentive faculty is spoiled the
\

fortify it
against the poison, as Rue, Ange- stomach is not able to retain the food till it
lica, &c. For as the operation of the for- be digested, but either vomits it up again,
mer is upon the poison, which afflicteth the or causes fluxes.
heart, so the operation of the latter is upon Such medicines then as remedy all these,
j

the heart afflicted by the poison.

jare
called stomachicals. And of them in
To this class may be referred all such order. j

medicines as strengthen the heart either by 1. Such as provoke appetite are

i
usually
astral influence, or by likeness of substance, of a sharp or sourish taste, and yet withal
j
if there be such a likeness in medicines, of a
grateful taste to the palate, for although
\

for a Bullock's heart is of like substance loss of appetite may proceed from clivers
I

to man's, yet I question whether it be cor- (causes, as from choler in the stomach, or
dial or not. putrefied humours or the like, yet such
i

3. And lastly, Such as refresh the spirits, things as purge this choler or humours, are
j

and make them lively and active, both properly called Orecticks, not stomachicals
i ;

because they are appropriated to the office, the former strengthen appetite after these
$

and also because they drive stinking and are expelled. :

melancholy vapours from the heart, for as 2. Such medicines help digestion as
j

the animal spirit be refreshed by fragrant strengthen the stomach, either by convc-
j

smells, and the natural spirits by spices, jnient heat, or aromatic (viz. spicy) faculty,
so are the vilal spirits refreshed by all such: by hidden property, orcongruity of nature.
medicines as keep back melancholy vapours 3. The retentive faculty of the stomach
j

from the heart, as Borrage, Bugloss, Rose- is corrected by binding medicines, yet not
mary, Citron Pills, thecompositions of them, by all binding medicines neither, for some
and many others, which this treatise will of them are adverse to the stomach, but
;

amply furnish you with. by such binding medicines as are appro-

j

prialed to the stomach.

?

P W A PTFR T V F r tllC USe f -

Use 1. Use not such medicines as pro-

Of Medicines appropriated to the stomach. \ voke appetite before you have cleansed the
By stomachi I mean that ventricle which stomach of what hinders it.
j

contains the food till it be concocted into* Use 2. Such medicines as help digestion.
chyle. jgi ve them a good time
before meat that s<
Medicines appropriated to the stomach j they may pass to the bottom of the stomach,
are usually called stomachicals. there,) before
K^or tne digestive faculty lies
The infirmities usually incident to the j
the food come into it.
stomach are three. Use 3. Such as strengthen the retentive
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 38-3

faculty, give them a little before meat, if | And thus much for the liver, the office of
to stay fluxes, a little after meat, if to stay which is to concoct chyle, (which
is a white

vomiting. substance the stomach digests the food

into)
into blood, and distributes it,
by the veins,
to every part of the body,
CHAPTER V. whereby the
body is nourished, and decaying flesh re-
Of Medicines appropriated to the liver. stored. ?

Be pleased to take these under the name j

______
of Hepatics, for that is the usual
namej CHAPTER VI.
physicians give them, and these also are of \

three sorts. Of Medicines appropriated to the

spleen.
1. Some the liver is
delighted in. In the breeding of blood, are three ex-
2. Others strengthen it. most conspicuous, viz. urine,
jcrements
3. Others help its vices. choler, and melancholy.
i

The palate is the seat of taste, and its The proper seat of choler is in the gall,
I

office is to judge what food is agreeable to The urine passeth down to the reins or
|

ihe stomach, and what not, by that is both kidneys, which is all one.
{

the quality and quantity of food for the' The spleen takes the thickest or melan-
stomach discerned: the very same office |choly blood to itself,
the meseraik veins perform to the liver. This excrement of blood is twofold for
j :

Sometimes such food pleases the palate either by excessive heat, it is addust, and
j

which the liver likes not (but not often) this is that the Latins call Atra Bilis: or
|

and therefore the meseraik veins refuse it, else it is thick and earthly of itself, and this
j

and that is the reason some few men fancy properly is called melancholy humour.
j

*>uch food as makes them sick after the; Hence then is the nature of splenical
eating thereof. medicines to be found out, and by these
j

1. The liver is with two is the spleen usually afflicted for Atra
delighted exceedingly |

sweet things, draws them greedily, and\bilis, (I know not what distinct English
digests them as swiftly, and that is the reason name to give it) many times causes mad-
!

honey is so soon turned into choler. jness, and pure melancholy causeth obstruc-
2. Such medicines strengthen the liver, itions of the bowels, and tumours,
whereby
as (being appropriated to it) very gently the concoction of the blood is vitiated,
|

bind, for seeing the office of the liver is to and dropsies many times follow,
concoct, it needs some adstriction, that so j
Medicines then peculiar to the spleen
both the heat and the humour to be con- must needs be twofold also, some appro-
j

coctcd may be stayed, that so the one slip priated to Atra bilis, others to pure melan-
>

not away, nor the other be scattered. |choly; but of purging either of them, I
Yet do not hepatical medicines require shall omit till I come to treat of purging in
j

so great a binding faculty as stomachicals do, | a chapter by itself.

because the passages of the stomach are: 1. Such medicines are splenical, which

more open than those of the liver by which by cooling and moistening temper Atra
*

it either takes in chyle, or sends out blood \bilis: let not these medicines be too cold

to the rest of the body, therefore medicines neither, for there is no such heat in Atru
\

that are very binding are hurtful to thejizVzs as there is in choler, and therefore it
liver, and either cause obstructions, or hin-i needs no such excessive cooling amongst :

der the distribution of the blood, or both.

' | the number of these
*
are such as we men-
386 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
tioned amongst the cordials to repel melan- such, that they abhor all binding medicines.
j

choly vapours from the heart, such temper because they cause stoppage of urine.
5

and assuage the malice of Atra bilis. Take notice, that the reins and bladder
2. Those medicines are also splenical, being subject to inflammations endure not
|

by Avhich melancholy humours are cor- very hot medicines.

*

reeled and so prepared, that they may the Because the bladder is further remote
j
more easily be evacuated such medicines I from the centre of the body than the kidnies
:

are cutting and opening, and they differ are, therefore it requires stronger medicines
$

from hepaticals in this that they are no than the kidnies do, lest the strength 01
\

ways binding; for the spleen being no ways the medicine be spent before it be come to
\

addicted to concoction, binding medicines the part afflicted.

*

do harm, and not good.

it

3.Sometimes the spleen is not only ob-

.

rWAPTFR VTTT
unAJrl^Ji Vlll.
structed, but also hardened by melancholy
humours, and in such cases emolient medi- Of Medicines appropriated to the womb.
cines may be well called splenicals, not These, physicians call Hystericals, and to
such as are taken inwardly, for they operate avoid multiplicity of words, take them in
|

upon the stomach and bowels, but such as this discourse under that notion,
j

are outwardly applied to the region of the Take notice that such medicines as pro-
J

voke the menses, or stop them when they

spleen.til 1

And although sometimes medicines, are

!
flow
|
**
i 1
*
1.1 II t
*

immoderately, are properly hystericais,

outwardly applied to hardness of the liver, but shall be spoken to by and by in a chap-
yet they differ from splenicals, because they ter by themselves.
are binding, so are not splenicals. As for the nature of the womb, it seems
to be much like the nature of the brain and
stomach, for experience teacheth that it is
CHAPTER VII. delighted with sweet and aromatical medi-
Of Medicines appropriated to the reins and cines, and flies from their contraries.
bladder. For example a woman being troubled
:

The office of the reins is, to make a with the fits of the mother, which is draw
separation between the blood and the urine ing of the womb upward, apply sweet things,
;

to receive this urine thus separated from as Civet, or the like, to the place of concep-
!

the blood, is the bladder ordained, which tion, it draws it down again; but apply
|

is of a sufficient bigness to contain it. to the nose, as Assafoetida, or

| stinking things

Both these parts of the body officiating! the like, it

expels it from it, and sends it
about the urine, they are both usually af-jdown toils proper place,
flicted by the vices of the urine. ====
1. By stones.
PHAPTFH
CHA^ TY
^K 1A<
2. By inflammation.
3. By thick Jntmoiirs. Medicines appropriated to the joints.
Of
Medicines appropriated to the reins and 5 The
joints are usually
troubled with
bladder are usually called Nephriticals, and j cephalic diseases, and then are lo be cure
are threefold; some cool, others cut gross by cephalic medicines.
j

humours, and a third sort breaks the stone, Medicines appropriated to the joints, are
j

In the use of all these, take notice, that called by the name Arthritical medicines,
j

the constitution of the reins and bladder L \

The joints, seeing they are very nervous,
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3H7

require medicines which are of a heating! 1. A distention or

stretching of a part by
and drying nature, with a gentle binding, too much fulness.
j

and withal, such as by peculiar virtue are 2. Thick humours which are destitute of
i

appropriated to them, and add strength to heat, growing hard in that part of the body
j

them. It is true, most cephalics do so, yet into which they flow.
j

because the joints are more remote from the So many properties then ought ernolient
\

centre, they require stronger medicines. medicines

j
to have, viz. To moisten what is
For removing pains in the joints this is dry, to discuss what is stretched, to warm
\

the method of proceeding. what is congealed by cold yet properly,

i
;

Pains is
away or eased, for j that only is said to mollify which reduceth
either taken
the true cure is to take away the cause oi'\a hard substance to its proper temperature,
the pain, sometimes the vcherneocy of the; Dryness and thickness of humours being
pain is so great that you must be forced to? the cause of hardness, emolient medicines
use Anodines (for so physicians call such \ must of necessity be hot and moist; and
medicines as ease pain) before you can: although you may peradventure find some
meddle with the cause, and this is usually of them dry in the second or third degrees,
|

when the part pained is inflamed, for those yet must this dryness be tempered and
\

medicines which take away the cause of; qualified with heat and moisture, for reason
pain being very hot, if there be any in- will tell you that dry medicines make hard
1

flammation in the part pained, you must parts harder.

j

abstain from them till the inflammation be Mollifying medicines are know, 1. by
|

taken away. their taste, 2. by their feeling.

\

1. In taste, they are near unto sweat, but

^^__^
fat and oily
!
they are neither sharp, nor
;

SECTION III. austere,

i
nor sour, nor salt, neither do they
manifest either binding, or vehement heat,
Of the propriety or operation of Medicines. or cold to be in them.
\

'

2. In feeling you can perceive no rough-

PH \PTFR T jness, neither do they stick to your fingers

like Birdlime, for they ought to penetrate
j

Of EmoJient Medicines. the parts to be mollified, and therefore many

The
various mixtures of heat, cold, dry- times if occasion be, are cutting medicints
j

ness, in simples, must of mixed with them,

and moisture 5

necessity produce variety of faculties, and j

operations them, which now we come

in to 5

treat of, beginning first at emolients.

CHAPTER II
What hard, and what is soft, most men
is j

know, but few are able to express. Phy- Of hardening Mediant*.

losophers define that to be hard which j Galen in Lib. 5. de Simple, Med* Facult.
yields not to touching, and soft to be the j Cap. 10. determines hardening
medicines to
contrary. An emolient, or softening medi- be cold and
\
moist, and he brings some argu-
cineis one which reduceth a hard substance j ments to prove it, against which other phy-
vo its
proper temperature. sicians contest.
i

Butto leave phylosophy, and keep to I shall not here stand to quote tlie dis-
j
that if softening
physic physicians
: describe hardness to be; pute, only take notice,
two-fold. medicines !
be hot and moist (as we shewed
5o
388 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
oven now) then hardening medicines must! being useful ^ that it is obnoxious to the
needs be cold and dry, because they are body of man. I pass it without more
j

contrary to them. words. I suppose when Galen wrote of

\

The universal course of nature will prove hardening medicines, he intended such as
j
for dryness and moisture are
il, passive make thick, and therefore amongst them he
\

qualities, neither can extremeties consist in reckons up Fleawort, Purslain, Houseleek,

j

moisture as you may know, if you do but and the like, which assuage the heat of the
j

consider that dryness is not attributed to humours in swellings, and stops subtil and
>

the air, nor water, but to the fire, and earth.

sharp defluxions upon the lungs; but of
1

2. The thing to be must needs 'these more anon,

congealed
be moist, therefore the medicine congealing i

must of necessity be dry, for if cold be*

joined with dryness, it contracts the pores,
j CHAPTER III
humours cannot be scattered.
that so the
Yet you must observe a difference be- j Of Loosening Medicines.
tween medicines drying, making thick, By loosening here, I do not mean purg-
;

harderiing, and congealing, of which clif-jing, nor that which is opposite to astrin-
ferences, a few words will not do amiss. gency \
but that which is opposite to
;

1. Such medicines are said to dry, which

stretching I knew not suddenly what fitter
i :

draw out, or drink up the moisture, as a English name to give it, than loosening or
I

spunge drinks up water. taxation, which latter is scarce English.

j

2. Such medicines are said to make thick, The members are distended or stretched
I

as do not consume the moisture, but add divers ways, and ought to be loosened by as
j

dryness to it, as you make syrups into many, for they are stretched sometimes by
\

a thick electuary by adding powders to dryness, sometimes by cold, sometimes by

|
them. repletion or fullness, sometimes by swell-
I

3. Such as congeal, neither draw out the! ings, and sometimes by some of these joined
moisture, nor make it thick by adding dry- together. I avoid terms of art as much as
j
ness to it, but contract it by vehement cold,; I can, because it would profit my country
us water is frozen into ice. : but little, to give them the rules of physic
4. Hardness differs from all these, for the
j
in such English as they understand not.

parts of the body swell, and are filled with I I confess the opinion of ancient physi-

flegmatic humours, or melancholy blood, i cians hath been various about these loosen-
which at last grows hard. j ing medicines. Galen's opinion was, that
That you may clearly understand this, i
they might be referred either to moistening, or
observe but these two things. j heating, or mollifying, or evacuating medi-
1. What it is which worketh. j cities, and therefore ought not to be referred
2. Whatworketh upon.
it I to a chapter by themselves.

That which worketh is outwardly cold. It is likely they may, and so may all other
That which is wrought upon, is a certain medicines be referred to heat, or coldness,
1

thickness and dryness, of humours, for if or dryness, or moisture but we speak tiot
|
:

the humour were fluid as water is, it might here of the particular properties of medi-
j

properly be said to be congealed by cold, cines, but of their joined properties, as they
:

but not so properly hardened. Thus you heat and moisten.j

see cold and dryness to be the cause ofj Others, they question how they can be dis-
hardening. This hardening being so far from | (Anguished from such as mollify, seeing such
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 380

as are loosening, and such as are emolient. ; Their use is various, viz.
are both of them hot and moist. , That the bowels may be disbur-
Use 1.

To that, thus : stretching and loosening \

dened of corrupt humours,
are ascribed to the moveable parts of the 2. Outwardly used, by them the offend-
;

body, as to the muscles and their tendons, ing humour (I should have said the peccant
\

to the ligaments and Membrane; but soft- humour, had 1 written only to
1
scholars,) is
ness and hardness to such parts of the body called from the internal parts of the bodv
ic'i. .1.11 J
as may be felt with the hand
Till 1
I shall make to the
:
j
* . 1 (*
*

superfices.
dear by a similitude, Wax is softened, being 3. By them the crisis of a disease is much

hard, but Fiddle-strings are loosened being helped forward.

stretched. And if you say that the dif-| 4. They are exceedingly profitable to draw
ference lying only in the parts of the body \ forth poison out of the body.
is no true difference, then take notice, that ! 5. Parts of the body over cooled are
such medicines which loosen, are less hot, j cured by these medicines, viz. by applying
and more moistening, than such as soften, j them outwardly to the place, not only be-
for they operate most by heat, these by cause they heat, but also because they draw
moisture. the spirits by which life and heat are
The truth is, I am of opinion the dif- cherished, to the part of the body vvhich is
ference is not much, nay, scarce sensible, j destitute of them you cannot but know :

between emolient and loosening medicines ; that many times parts of the body fall away
|

only I quoted this in a chapter by itself, in flesh, and their strength decays, as in
j

not so much because some authors do, as; some persons arms or legs, or the like, the
because it conduceth to the increase of usual reason is, because the vital spirit
i

knowledge in physic, for want of which, this decays in those parts, to which use such
j

poor nation is almost spoiled. plaisters or ointments asareattractive(which

\

The chief use of loosening medicines isjis the physical term for drawing medicines)
in convulsions and cramps, and such like! for they do not only cherish the parts by
infirmities which cause distentioh or stretch- their own proper heat, but draw the vital

ing.
and natural spirits thither, whereby they
They are known by the very same marks j
are both quickened and nourished.
and tokens that emolient medicines are. They are known almost by the same
\
tokens that attenuating medicines are, see-

TV
neat an( ^ tnmness f P arts s
' lncm ' m
tlAr hit IV. ,
both, they only in respect of quantity,
differ

drawing Medicines.
Of \
thinness of parts being most proper to at-
The opinion of physicians is, concerning tenuating medicines, but attractive medi-
;

these, as it is concerning other medicines, fines are hotter.

;

viz. Some draw by a manifest quality, some i

_

by a hidden, arid so (quoth they) they draw j

4PTFR V
to themselves both humours and thorns, or |

splinters that are gotten

into the flesh ; how- j
Of discttssive Medicines.
ever this is certain, they are all of them hot, The nature of discussing (or sweating)
j

and of thin parts; hot because the nature; medicines is almost the same with attractive,
of heat is to draw
off thin parts that so they >
for there are no discussive medicines but
may penetrate to the humours that are to j
are attractive, nor scarce any attractive
to be drawn out. i medicine but is in some measure or other
390 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
discussing. The difference then is only j
this; that discussive medicines are hotter! PRAPTFR VT
than attractive, and therefore nothing else}
need be written of their nature. Of repelling Medicines.
Use. Their use may be known even from | Repelling medicines are of contrary
their very name ; for diseases that come by I
operation to these three last mentioned, viz
repletion or fulness, are cured by evacution :
attenuating, drawing, and discussive medi-
or emptying; yet neither blood nor gross Icines: It is true, there is but lil tie difference
humours are to be expelled by sweating, or |
between these three, some hold none at all ;

insensible transpiration (as they call it)

j
and if you Avill be so nice, you may oppose
but the one requires blood-letting, the other | them thus. And so medicines making
purgation, but scrosus or thin humours and \ thick, correspond to attenuating medicines,
filthy vapours, and such like superfluities, or such as make thin, repelling medicines
are to be expelled by sweat, and be wary are opposed to such as draw, and such as
in this too, for many of them work violently, retain the humours and make them lough,
and violent medicines are not rashly to be are opposite to such as discuss, some hold
given. this niceness needless.
Caution 2. Besides,swellingsaresometimes 2. The sentence of authors about repul-
made so hard by sweating medicines, that sive medicines is various.
afterwards they qau never be cured for ; For seeing an influx ion may be caused
what is thin being by such medicines taken many ways, a repulsive hath got as many
away, nothing but what is perfectly hard definitions.
remains If you fear such a thing, mix
: For such things as cool, bind, stop, and
emolients with them. make thick, stay influxions, and therefore
Caut. 3. Again, sometimes by using dis- repulsives are by authors opposed, not only
cussives, the humours
offending (which to attractives, but also to attenuating, and
physicians usually call the peccant humours) discussing medicines.
is driven to some more noble But properly such things are called re-
part of the
body, or else it draws more than it dis-
pulsives, which do not only stay influxions,
cussseth in such cases, concoct and at-
;
(for so do such medicines which stop and
tenuate the matter offending before you go make thick) but such as drive the humours
about to discuss it. flowing to, or inherit in the place, to some
From hence may easily be gathered at { other place,
what time of the disease discussive medi- The truth is, binding is inherent to repul-
j

cines are to be used, viz. about the declin-lsives, so is not coldness nor making thick :

ing of the disease, although in diseases Yet such as are binding, cold and thin in
j

arising from heat of b.ood, we sometimes operation, are most effectual,

j

use them in the encrease and slate of them, Your taste will find repulsives to be, tart,
i

They are known by the same marks and or sharp, or austere, with a certain binding
i

tokens attenuating medicines are, viz. by which contracts the tongue,

\

their burning and biting quality, they being Use 1. Their use is manifold, as in hoi
i

very hot, and of thin parts, void of any j tumours, head-aches, or the like.
biting quality, therefore they contract not! Use 2. By these in fevers are the vapours
the tongue in tasting of them. driven from the head, Vinegar of Roses is
|

\ notable.
*
Time of giving.
Thev are most roimno-
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.
dious in the beginning and encrease of a { Besides, of cleansing medicines, some are
disease, for then influxions most prevail. |
of a gentler nature, some are more vehement
But seeing that in the cure of tumours : These are not known one and the same
there are two scopes, 1. That that which I
way ; for some are sweet, some and
salt,
flows to it may be repelled. 2. That that somei bitter.
which isalready in it may be discussed j The use of cleansing is external, as the
;

repulsives are most commodiously used in use of purges are internal.

:

the beginning, discussives in the latter end. They are used to cleanse the sanies and
In the middle you may mix them, with other filth of ulcers, yea, and to consume
this proviso, that repulsives exceed in the and eat away the flesh itself, as burnt
Alum,
beginning, discussives in the latter end. i
precipitate, &c.
Caution 1. If the matter offending be of When these must be used, not only the
5

a venomous quality, either abstain from re- effects of the ulcers, but also the
j tempera-
pulsives altogether, or use purging first, lest lure of the body will tell you.
j

the matter fly to the bowels and prove dan- For if you see either a disease of fulness,
j

gerous, especially if the bowels be weak. which our physicians call [Plethora'] or cor-
|

2. Also forbear repulsives, if the pain be { rupted humours which they call
[Cacochyma']
great. you must empty the body of these, viz.
|

3. Lastly, Have a care lest by repulsives fulness by bleeding, and corrupt humours,
1

you contract the pores so much, that the or evil slate of the body, by purging before
5

matter cannot be removed by discussives. you use cleansing medicines to the ulcer,
'

f== ^= else your cure will never

proceed prosper-
Usly '

CHAPTER VII.

Of cleansing Medicines.
v/tiAr r/K \ III.
Cleansing m\jdicines can neither be defined j

by heal, nor coldness, because some of both \ Of

Emplasters.
sorts cleanse. j By Emplasters, here, 1 do mean things
A cleansing medicine, then,' is of a ter- !
gluli native, and they are quite contrary to
rene quality, which takes away ihe
filth things cleansing,
\

with it, and carries it out. They are of a far more glutinous and
I

Definition.'] Here, to avoid confusion, a tenacious substance.

j

difference must be made between washing; They differ from things stopping because
and cleansing. they do not stop the pores so much, as stick
i

A thing which washeth, carries away by to them like Birdlime.

;

fluxion, as a man washeth the dirt off from a They have a certain glutinous heat, torn-
|

thing. pered both with coldness and moisture.

A cleansing medicine by a certain rough- j From these plasters take their names,
ness or nitrous quality, carries away the! Their tasle is eilher none at all, or not
discernablc whether hot or cold, but fat,
compacled filth wilh it.
j

This also is the difference between cleans- | insipid, or without taste, or sweet, and vis-
the one makes cous in feeling.
ing and discussing medicines, |

thick humours thin, and so scatters them, Their use is to stop flowing of blood, and
!

but a cleansing medicine takes th<^ most other fluxes, to cause suppuration, to con-
tenacious humour along with it, without the heat, that so tumours may be
jtinue
any alteration. '
ripened.
392 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
Also they are mixed with other mecli- taste, for many things grateful to the taste
>

cines, that they may the better be brought? provokes vomiting, therefore why may not
into the form of an emplaster, and may the contrary be?
j

stick the better to the members. The most frequent use of suppuration is,
..-..,..,, to ripen Phlegmotue, a general term physi-
|

to all swellings
PH \PTFR TY
U " A1 jcians give proceeding of
blood, because nature is very apt to help
Of suppiiTing Medicines. such cures, and physic is an art to help,
|
These have a great affinity with emolients, not to hinder nature.
j

like to them in temperature, only emolients The time of use is usually in the height
<

are somewhat hotter. of the disease, when the flux is stayed, as

;

Yet is there a difference as apparent as also to ripen matter that it may be the
\

the sun when he is upon the meridian, and easier purged away,
|

the use manifest.

is For,
Emolients are to make hard things soft, |

but what suppures, rather makes a genera- j

tion than an alteration of the humour. Of Medicines provoking urine.
Natural heat is the efficient cause of i The causes by which urine is suppressed
suppuration, neither can it be done by any are many.
external means. 1. By too much
drying, or sweating, it
Therefore such things arc said to suppure, may be consumed.
i

which by a gentle heat cherish the inbred 2. By heat or inflammation of the reins,
,

heat of man. or passages whereby it passes from the

This is done by such medicines which reins, it may be stopped by compression,
j

are not only temperate in heat, but also by Urine is the thinnest part of blood, sepa-
|

a gentle viscosity, fill up or stop the pores, rated from the thickest part in the reins,
i

that so the heat of the part affected be noti If then the blood be more thick and vis-
i cons than ordinary, it cannot
scattered, easily be sepa-
For although such things as bind hinder! rated without cutting and cleansing mcdi-
the dissipation of the spirits, and internal \ cines.
heat, yet they retain not the moisture as; This is for certain, that blood can neithei
suppuring medicines properly and especially j be separated nor distributed without heat,
do. Yet amongst diureticks are some cold
The heat then of suppuring medicines is f
things, as the four greater cold seeds, Win-
like the internal heat of our bodies. {
ter-cherries, and the like.
As things then very hot, are ingrateful | Although this seem a wonder, yet it may
either by biting, as Pepper, or bitterness : be, and doth stand with truth.
in suppuring medicines, no biting, no bind- For cool diureticks, though they further
ing, no nitrous quality is perceived by the not the separation of the blood one jot,
taste, (I shall give you better satisfaction yet they cleanse and purge the passages of
both in this and others, by and by.) * the urine.
For reason a man, that such things \
will tell Diureticks then are of two sorts :
hinder rather than help the work of nature 1. Such as conduce to the separation of
|

in maturation. the blood.

j
Yet it follows not from hence, that all | 2. Such as open the urinal passages,

suppuring medicines are grateful to the' The former are biting (and are known by
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 303

their taste) very hot ana culling, whence Let them not then exceed the first degree
they penetrate to the reins, and cut the unless the ulcer be very moist.
gross humours there.
Their difference are various, according
Bitter things, although they be very hot, to the part wounded, which ought to be
and cut gross humours, yet are they of a restored with the same flesh.
more dry and terrene substance than is The softer then, and tenderer ihe place
convenient to provoke urine. is, the gentler let the medicines be.

Hence then we may safely gather, that

bitter things are not so moist nor penetrat-

ng, as s bite like Pepper. CHAPTER XII.

Of glutinatrce Medicines.
CHAPTER XL That is the true cure of an ulcer which

Medicines breeding flesh. joins the mouth of it together.

Of That is a glutinative medicine, which
There are many things diligently to be
couples together by drying and binding,
observed in the cures of wounds and ulcers, the sides of an ulcer before
brought together.
which incur and hinder that the cure cannot These require a greater drying faculty
be speedily done, nor the separated parts than the
former, not only to consume what
reduced to their natural state. flows out, but what remains liquid in the
Viz. Fluxes of blood, inflammation,
flesh, for liquid flesh is more subject to flow
hardness, pain, and other things besides our abroad than stick to
together.
present scope. The time of using them, any body may
Our present scope is, to shew how the know without
with flesh. teaching, viz. when the ulcer
cavity of ulcers may be filled is cleansed and filled with flesh, and such
Such medicines are called Sarcoticks.
symptoms as hinder are taken away.
This, though it be the work of nature, For many times ulcers must be kept open
with medicines,
yet it is helped forward that the sanies, or fords that lie in them
that the blood may be prepared, that it may
the easier be turned into flesh.
may be purged out, whereas of themselves
they would heal before.
.

These are not medicines which breed

which correct the intexn-
Only beware, lest by too much binding
good blood, nor cause pain in tender parts.
but which you
perature of the place afflicted,
defend the blood and the ulcer itself from
corruption in breeding
flesh.
CHAPTER XIII.
For nature in breeding flesh produceth
two sorts of excrements, viz. scrosus Of Medicines resisting poison.
humours, and purulent dross. Such medicines are called Alexiteria, and
Those medicines then which cleanse and Alexipharmaca, which resist poison.
consume, these by drying are said to breed Some of these resist poison by astral in-
flesh, because by their helps
nature per- fluence, and some physicians (though but
forms that office. few) can give a reason for it.
Also take notice that these medicines are These they have sorted into three ranks :

not so drying that they should consume the 1. Such as strengthen nature, that so it

blood also as well as the sanies, nor so cleans- i

may tame the poison the easier.
the flesh with 2. Such as oppose the poison by a con-
ing that thsy should consume
the dross, | trary quality.
394 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
3. Such as violently thurst it out of* If thou dost but observe the nature and
doors. motion of the venom, that will be thy best
Such as strengthen nature against poison, instructor, {

either do it to the body universally, or elsei; In the stomach it requires

vomiting, in
crimp njirMf'lllar Hurt tnprpnf
K\ rpmrrttion some thereof. tJir>
the lilnnrl
blood -inrl crvii-ito e ur^o
and if tl 1.. 1 1 .-. /- I

spirits, sweating, if the body

I

strengthen particular part

For many times one particular part of be plethoric, bleeding, if full of evil humours,
the body is most afflicted by the poison, purging.
suppose the stomach, liver, brain, or anyJ Lastly, The cure being ended, strengthen
other part such as cherish and strengthen Uhe parts afflicted,
:

those parts, being weakened, may be said to i

resist poison.
Such as strengthen the spirits, strengthen t

all the body.

CHAPTER XIV.
Sometimes poisons kill by their quality,
und then are they to be corrected by their Of purging Medicines

:ontraries.
Much
jarring hath been amongst phy-
about purging medicines,
sicians
They which kill by cooling are to be whether namely,
they draw the humours to them by
remedied by heating, and the contrary;
a hidden quality, which in plain
they which kill by corroding, are to be English is,
know not how or whether they per-
cured by lenitives, such as temper their: they ;

form their office by manifest quality, viz.

acrimony J b heat coldn ess, or moisture
Th7se which kill by induration, or coa- r/. o n r\T mdryness ' >

\r r\?oc<ari r c"*-*s\r^r\
]

it is not
*f i
my
i

present scope to enter the lists

*-^-v *-*- I , , .. 4-1, . t. _

gulation, require culting medicines. of a dispute about the business, neither

Also because all poisons are in motion,;
seem it such an hidden thing to me that
neither stay they in one till they have seized
every like should draw its rlike, only
11
;

to
and \JLJ\Ji
CtUU oppressed tLAU fountain
^oow^a the of iiiv/
jwu.il Ldiii \Ji life, therefore
LAiv,i \_iir i^ , i -w
k( tl niat er s lam a l ca " J Sl b -
they have invented another faculty to stay f 'f
tms f Rmto these
-

cha P tcr f .'

their motion, viz. terrene and emplastic. ***?

j
following
For they judge, if the poison light upon parts.
these medicines, they embrace them round 1. Cautions
concerning purging.
with a viscous quality. 2. Of the choice
of purging medicines.
Also they say the ways and passages are| 3. Of the time
of talcing them.
stopped by such means, to hinder their pro- 1 4. Of the
correcting of them.
reeding take Terra Lemnia for one.
; 5. Of the manner of'
purging.
Truly if these reasons be good, which 1 j
leave to future time to determine, it may be Cautions concerning purging.
|

done for little cost. In this, first consider diligently, and be

Some are of opinion that the safest way exceeding cautious in it too, what the matter
|

is to expel the poison out of the body, so* offending is, what part of the body is af-
soon as may be, and that is done by vomit, flicted by it, and which is the best way to
1

or purge, or sweat. bring it out. '}

You need not question the time, but do j Only here, by the way, first, have a care of
it as soon as may be ; for there is no
parly- j giving vomits, for they usually work more
ing with poison. | violently,
and afflict the body more than
Letvomiting be the first, purging the next, j purges
do, therefore are not fit for weak
and sweating the last. This is general. But, bodies ; be sure the matter offending lie in
*
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 35)5

the tunicle of the stomach, else is a vomit able to determine, known

! it
being very well
given in vain. to modern physicians, though the ancients
Vomits are more dangerous for women f denied it, that
cold medicines purge.
many
than men, especially such as are either with There this faculty in all the
purges of
:

is

child, or subject to the fits of the mother, Galen's model, (because he gives the whole
i

What medicine is appropriated to the simple which must needs 'consist of divers
purging of such a humour, for seeing the qualities, because the creation is made up ot
offending matter is not alike in all, the| and consists by an harmony of contraries)
purging medicine ought not to be the same there is (I say) this faculty in all purges of
;

to all. I shall speak more of this anon, that nature, that they contain in them a
i

As also of the divers ways whereby medi- substance which is inimical both to the
cines draw out or cast out humours, viz. stomach and bowels, and some are of
by lenifying, cleansing, provoking nature opinion this doth good, namely, provokes
to expulsion, and (which is stranger than nature the more to expulsion; the reason
the doctor's hidden quality) some purge by might be good if the foundation of it were
binding, but indeed, and in truth, such as so, for by this reason nature herself should
are properly called purging medicines, purge, not the medicine, and a physician
which, besides these faculties, have gotten should help nature in her business and not
another, by which they draw or call out hinder her. But to forbear being critical,
the humours from the most remote parts of this substance which I told you was inimi-
the body, whether these do it by heat or by cal to the stomach, must be corrected in
an hidden quality, physicians are scarce* every purge.

CULPEPER'S LAST LEGACIES.

Select Medicinal Aphorisms and Receipts, for many diseases our frail
natures are incident to.

1. A general Caution. would keep your brain clear, keep your

LET such as love their heads or brains, stomach clean.
\

either forbear such things as are obnoxious 3. -For a rheum in the Head, and the Paku.
i

to the brain, as Garlick, Leeks, Onions, Take a red Onion, and bruise it well,
beware of surfeiting and drunkenness. and boil it in a little Verjuice, and put
2. To purge the Head. thereto a little clarified honey, and a great,
The head is purged by Gargarisms, of spoonful of good Mustard, when it is well
which Mustard, in my opinion, is excel- boiled, raise the sick upright, and let him
lent, and therefore a spoonful of Mustard receive the smell up his nose
twice a day,

put into the mouth, is excellent for one that whilst it is very hot.
4. For a rheum in the Head.
is troubled with the
lethargy also the head
:

Boil Pimpernel well in Wine,

and drink
js
purged by sneezing but be sure if you
;

5 i
 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
a draught of the Wine in the evening, hot, FOR THE EARS, AND THEIR IMPEDIMENTS.
but in the morning cold. For pain in the Ears.
13.
5. Another.
.j Drop a of sweet Almonds into
little oil

Stew Onions in a close pot, and bathe the the ear,

I and it easeth the pain
instantly .

nead and mouth, and nose therewith. (and yet oil of bitter Almonds is our doctor's
1

6. For the falling off of the Hair. common remedy.)

;

Beat Linseeds very well, and mix them 14. For an imposthume in the Ear.
with Sallad-oil and when you have well
;
Boil some milk, and put it into a stone
mixed them, anoint the head therewith, and pot with a narrow mouth, and hold the sore
:

in three or four times using it will help you. ear over the pot whilst the milk is very hot,
j

7- To purge the Head. that the vapour of the milk

may ascend into
Chew the root of Pellitory of Spain, and the ear this is an often approved remedy
:

chew it on both sides of thy mouth, and as to take away the pain, and break the im-
the rheum falls down into thy mouth, spit it posthume.
out, but retain the root there still, till you FOR THE NOSE, AND ITS INFIRMITIES.
think the head is purged enough for that 15. For Polypus ; or a fleshy substance grow-
time. ing in the Nose.
Take the
juice of Ivy, and make a tent
FOR THE EYES, AND THEIR IMPEDIMENTS. with a little cotton, the which
dip in the
8. For Eyes that are blasted. juice and put it up in the nostril.
Only wear a piece of black Sarcenet be- 16. To cleanse the Nose.
fore thy eyes, and meddle with no medi- Snuff up the juice of red Beet-root; it
cine only forbear wine and strong drink.
;
will cleanse not only the nose, but also the
9- An excellent water to clear the Sight. head, this is a singular remedy for such as
Take of Fennel, Eyebright, Roses, white, are troubled with hard congealed stuff in
Celandine, Vervain and Rue, of each a their nostrils.
handful, the liver of a Goat chopt small, in- 17- For bleeding at the Nose.
fuse them well in Eyebright- water, then dis- Bind the arms and legs as hard as you
til them in an alembic, and
you shall have a can with a piece of tape-ribboning that, ;

water will clear the sight beyond comparison. perhaps, may call back the blood.
10. For a hurt in the Eye with a stroke. 18. For a Canker in the Nose.
Take Agrimony, and bruise it very well, Boil strong ale till it be thick, if the Can-
and temper it with white Wine, and the ker be in the outside of the nose, spread it
white of an egg spread it pretty thick as a plaster, and apply it ; if in the inside,
:

upon a cloth, like a plaster, and apply it make a tent of a linen rag, and put it up
to the outside of the eye- lid, and, although | the nostril.
it be almost out, it will cure it. \ 19- Another for the Polypus.
11. To draw rheum back from the
Eyes. The water of Adder's-tongue snuffed up
Take an egg and roast it hard, then pull the nose, is very good but it were better, in
t :
'
off the shell, and slit it in two, and apply it my opinion, to keep a rag
continually
hot to the nape of the neck, and thou shalt moistened with it in the nose.
find ease presently. 20. -For bleeding at the Nose.
12. For the web in the Eye. Take Amber and bruise into gross powder
Take the gall of a hare, and clarified put it upon a chafing-dish of coals, and re-
\

honey, of each equal proportions mix ceivethe smoke upinto the nose with afunnel
:
|

them together, and lay it to the web. 21. Another.

? When no other means will stop tl;e
 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 397

OF THE GUMS, AND THEIR INFIRMITIES.

bleeding at the nose, it has been known
*

that it hath been stopped by opening a* 29- For a Scurvy in the gums.
vein in the.ear. }
Take Cloves, and boil them in Rose-
water > then dl7 them > and be t them to
OF THE MOUTH AND ^
ITS DTSFASES I

powder, and rub the gums with the powder,

22. A Caution. |and
j
drink the decoction in the
morning
Whosoever would keep their
mouth, or j fasting
an hour after it. Use red Rose-
tongue, or nose, or eyes, or ears, or teeth, j water, for that is the best.
from pain or infirmities, let them often use 30. For rotting and consuming of the gums
sneezing, and such gargarisms as they were Take Sage-water, and wash your mouth
:

instructed in a preceding chapter; for, in- j with it every morning, and afterwards rub
deed, most of the infirmities, if not all, which \ your mouth with a Sage-leaf,
infest those parts,proceed from rheum. OF THE FACE, AND ITS INFIRMITIES.
23. .For extreme heat of the Mouth. 31. The cause.
Take Rib-wort, and boil it in red Wine, 5 It is palpable, that the cause of redness
and hold the decoction as warm in your and breaking out of the face, is a venomous
mouth as you can endure it. matter, or filthy vapours ascending from
24. For a Canker in the Mouth. the stomach towards the head ; where
Wash the mouth often with Verjuice. meeting with a rheum or flegm thence des-
cending, mix with it, and
break out in
OF THE TEETH, AND THEIR MEDICINES.
the face. Therefore let the of
first .intention
25. A Caution. cure be to cleanse the stomach.
If you keep your teeth from rotting, j
will 32. Caution negative.

oraching,washyour mouth continually every | Let such as are troubled with red faces,
morning with juice of Lemons, and after- 1
abstain from salt meats, salt fish and her-
wards rub your teeth either with a Sage-leaf, j rings, drinking of strong beer, strong waters
or else with a little Nutmeg in powder ; also or Wine, Garlick, Onions, and Mustard,
j
wash your mouth with a little fair water i 33. For a face full of red pimples.
after meats ; for the only to Dissolve Camphire in Vinegar, and mix
way keep j
teeth sound, and free from
painj is to keep it,
and the Vinegar with Celandine-water,
them clean. and wash the face with it: this cured a
26. To keep Teeth white. maid in twenty days, that had been trou-
Dip a little piece of white cloth in Vine- bled with the infirmity half so many years
gar of Quinces, and rub your gums with it, 34. To take away the marks of the small pox.
for it is of a gallant Take the iuice of Fennel, heat it luke-
binding quality, and
not only makes the teeth white, but also warm, and when the small Pox are well
anoint the face with it divers times
strengthens the gums, fastens the teeth, and scabbed,
i

also causeth a sweet breath. in a day, three or four days together.

27. To fasten the Teeth. OF THE THROAT, AND ITS INFIRMITIES.
Seethe the roots of Vervain in old Wine, 35. A caution.
and wash your teeth often with them, and it Diseases in the throat, most commonly
j
will fasten them. of rheum descending from the head
j proceed
28. For the Tooth-ache.
(upon the trachea arteria, or wind-pipe; in
Take the inner rind of an Elder-tree, and such cases there is many times no other
bruise it, and put thereto a little of flegm.
Pepper, and cure than first to purge the body
make it into balls, and hold them between ] and then the head of rheum, as you were
the teeth that ache. chaoter.
taught in the first
398 THE COMPLETE HERBAL
36. For hoarseness. j
43. Another.
Take of sugar so much as will fill a com- s Let such as have weak stomachs, avoid
mon taster, then put so much rectified spirit \ all sweet things, as honey, sugar, and the
of Wine to it as will just wet it, eat this up | like ; milk, cheese and all fat meats: let
at night going to bed, use this three or four \ him not eat till he is hungry, nor drink be-
times together. \ fore he is dry ; let him avoid anger,
sadness,
37. Another. I much travel, and fryed meats let him
all :

If the body be feverish, use the former | not vomit by any means, nor eat when he is
medicine as before, only use Oil of sweet hot
Almonds, or for want of it, the best Salled- 44. For moisture of the Stomach.
oil instead of spirit of Wine. Take a drachm of Galanga, in powder,
38. Another. every morning in a draught of that Wine
Take Penny-royal, and seethe it in runn- you like best.
ing water, and drink a good draught of the 45. For heat of the Stomach.
decoction at night going to bed, with a little Swallow four or five grains of Mastich
sugar in it. every night going to bed.
39- For the Quinsey.
OF THE LIVER, AND ITS INFIRMITIES.
Take notice that bleeding is good in all
inflammations, therefore in this.
46. A caution.

It were very convenient that a syrup, and \

If the liver be too hot, it
usually proceeds
an ointment of Orpine were always read}' from too much
blood, and is known by
in the house for such occasions ; for I know \
redness of urine, the pulse is swift, the veins
no better remedy for the Quinsey, than to great and full, the spittle, mouth, and tongue,
drink the one, and anoint the throat with the seem sweeter than they used to be : the cure
other. is
letting blood in the right arm.
OF WOMEN'S BREASTS, THEIR INFIRMITIES 47. To cause the Liver well to digest
AND CURES. Take Oil of Wormwood, and so much
40. For sore Breasts. Mastich in powder as will make it into a
it warm to your
Take a handful of Figs, and stamp them poultice, lay right side.
well till the kernels are broken, then temper 48. A caution.
them with a little fresh grease, and apply If the liver be stopped, the face will swell,
them to the breast as hot as the patient can and you shall be as sure to have a pain in
endure; it will presently take away the your right side, as though you had it there
anguish, and if the breast will break, it will already. |

break it, else without breaking.

it will cure it 49- For stoppage of the Liver.
41. An inward medicine for a sore Breast. Use Garden-thyme in all your drinks and
Let her drink either the juice or decoc- broaths, it will prevent stoppages before
tion of Vervain it were fit that syrup were they come, and cure them after they are
:

made of it to keep all the year. come.

OF THE STOMACH, AND ITS INFIRMITIES, 50. For the liver.
j

42. A caution. The liver of a Hare dryed, and beaten

Infirmities of the stomach usually proceed Unto powder, cures all the diseases of the
from surfeiting. \ liver of man

FINIS.

HV J. BATVDON.
ti- MJ<'( Fiiul'wrv
>^^O
 GENERAL INDEX
TO THE

ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED,

AND

GALEN'S KEY TO PHYSIC.

ADDER'S Tongue, or Serpent's Beets, 20 Carrots, 41, 221 Creatures, Living, 252
Tongue, 3 Beets, black, white, and red, Celandine, 42 Creatures, part of Living and
Agrimony, 4 219 lesser, 44 Excrements, 253
Water, 5 Betony, Water, 21 Celandine, the greater and les- Cresses, black, 57
Alder Tree, the black, 6 Wood, ib. ser, 220 Sciatica, ib.
the common, 7 Bifoil, or Twoblade, 24 Centaury, ordinary small, 44 Water, 58
Alehoof, or Grouud-Ivy, 5 Bilberries, Whorts, or Whor- Centaury, the greater, 219 Crosswort, 58
Alexander, 6 tleberries, 23 Cerecloths, 366 Crowfoot, 59
Alkanet, 3, 218 Birch Tree, 24 Chamelion, white and black, Cuckow Point, ib.

Ail-Heal, 2 Bird's Foot, 24 220 Cuckow-points, or Wake-robin,

AmaraDulcis, or Bitter Sweet, 1 Birth wort, 218 Cherries, Winter, 45 218
Arnaranthus, 9 Bishop's- Weed, 25 Cherry- Tree, 45 Cucumber-roots, wild, 221
Anemone, 9 Bistort, orSnakeweed, 25, 219 Chervil, 46 Cucumbers, 61
Angelica, 8, 218 Bitter Sweet, 1 Sweet, or Sweet Cicely, Cudweed, or Cotton-weed, 56
Anthorae, 218 Blade, One, 26 47 Daisies, 61, 219
Archangel, 11 Elites, 27 Chesnut-Tree, 47 Dandelion, vulgarly called I'iss

Arrach, garden, 10 Blue Bottle, 28 Chesnuts, Earth, ib. a-beds, 62

wild and stinking, 10 Borrage, 219 Chickweed, 48 Darnel, 62
Ars-smart, 12 Borrage and Bugloss, 28 Chick-pease, or Cicers, ib. Decoctions, 204, 293
Artichokes, 88, 221 Bramble, or Blackberry Bush, China, 220 Devil's Bit, 63, 223
Asarabacca, 13, 218 27 Cinquefoil, 224 Dill, 63
Ash Tree, 222
14, Brank Ursine, 29 Cinquefoil, orFive-leavedGrass, Distilled Waters, Simples, 278
Asparagus, 213 Briony, or Wild Vine, 30 49 being
prickly, 14 Briony, white and black, 219 Gives, 50 digested before hand, 278
or Sperage, 218 Brooklime, or Water Pimper- Clary, or Clear Eye, 50 Dittany, 221
Asphodel, Female, or King's nel, 31 Wild, 50 Dock, 64
Spear, 218 Broom and Broom-rape, 32 Cleavers, 51 Dodder of Thyme, Epithymun,
Male, 219 Buck's horn Plantain, 33 Clown's Woodwort, 52 &c. 64
Avens, Colewort, or Herb Bo- ib. Cock's Head, Red Filching, or Doo-'s Grass, or Cough Grass,
net, 15 Bugle, 33 Medick Fetch, 52 65
Avens, or Herb Bennet, 219 Bugloss, 219 Colewort, 219 Doronicum, 221
Balm, 215 Bulbus Yomitorius, 219 Coleworts, Sea, ib. Dove's-Foot, or Crane's-Bill, 66
Barks, 259 Bur, Clot-bur, or Burdock, 219 Coltsfoot, 53 Down, or Cotton Thistle, 67
appropriated to parts of Burdock, 36 Columbines, 53 Dracunculi, 221
the body, 259 Burnet, 35, 224, 226 Comfrey, 54, 220 Dragons, 67
Barberry, 16 Butcher's Broom, 31 Compounds, Spirit and Com- Dropwort, 222
Barks, 202 66
Butter-bur, 224 pound Distilled Waters, Duck's Meat,
Barks, 227 Butter-bur, or Petasitis, 35 283 Dwarf Elder, Walwort, or
Barley, 16 Conserves, 206 Dane wort, 221
Cabbages and Coleworts, 37
Bay Tree, 18, 223 Calatnint, or Mountain Mint, 38 Conserves and Sugars, 315 Elder, 225
Coralwort, 54 Elder Tree, 67
Bazil,garden,orSweetBazil, 18 Caltrops, Water, 39, 216
Beans, 18 Cammock, or Rest-harrow, 223 Costmary, or Alecost, or Bal- Dwarf, 67
Beans, French, 19 Camomile, 39 sam Herb, 55 Elecampane, 69,221
Bcarsbreach, or Brank Ursine. Costus, both sorts, 220 Electuaries, 205
Campion Wild, 40
29, 217 Roots, 219 Cowslips, or Peagles, 56 Electuaries, 324
Caper
Bed-straw, Ladies, 19 Carduus Benedictus, 41 Crab's Claws, or Fresh Water -purging, 33
Beech Tree, 23 42 Soldier, 57 Elm Tree, 68
Carraway,
 GENERAL INDEX.
Emplasters, 391 Hawk-weed, 88 Madder, 109, 225 Medicines, appropriated to the
Endive, 69 Hawthorn, 90 Maidenhair, 110 Liver, 385
Endive, Garden Endive, 221 Hazel-Nut, 89 white, or Wall Cleansing, 391
Eringo, or Sea Holly, 70, 222 Heart's Ease, 88 Rue, ib.
Suppuring, 392
Eyebright, 71 Heart's-ease, or Pansies, 226 Golden, ib.
-Provoking urine,
Fennel, 73, 222 Hedge Hyssop, 92 Mallows, 223 ib.
Sow, or Hog's Fennel, Hellebore, black, 93 Mandrakes, ib. -
Breeding flesh,
47 Hellebore, white and black, 221 Maple Tree, 112 393
Fern, 71 Hemlock, 90 Marigolds, 114 Glutinative, ib.
Water, or Osmond Roy al, Hemp, 91 Marjoram, wind, 112 Resisting poi-
72 Henbane, 91 sweet, 113 son, ib.
Male and Female, 222 Herb Robert, 94 Marsh-mallows, 218 Purging, 394
of the Oak, 224 True-Love, or One Berry, Masterwort, 114, 223, 224 Medlar, 115
Feverfew, or Fetherfew, 72 94 Maudlin, Sweet, 1 14 Melilot, or King's Claver, 1 15
Fig-wort, 226 Herbs, 260 Mead-sweet, 227 Mercury, French and Dog, 116
Fig-wort, or Throat-wort, 74 appropriated to certain Mechracah, 223 Dog, ib.
Fig Tree, 75 parts of the body of man, Medicines, method of mixing, Metals, Minerals, and Stones,
Filipendula, or Drop Wort, 75 262 210 254
Flag, Yellow Water, or Flower- altering according to pro- on the Temperature Metals, Stones, Salts, and other
de-luce, 76 perty, 263 of, 376 Minerals, 276
Flax-weed, or Toad Flax, 76 purging, 264 Temperate, 377 Mints, 117
Flea- Wort, 77 Herbs or Trees, of the leaves Hot, ib. Misselto, 118
Flower-de-luce, 78 of, 200 Hot in the first de- Mithridate Mustard, 182
Flowers, 200, 247 and their Leaves, 229 gree, ib. Money-wort, or Herb Two-
264 Hermodactils, 222 second de- pence, 119
appropriated to certain Holly, Holm, or Hulver Bush, gree, 378 Monk's Rhubarb, 225
parts of
the body, 265 99 fourth de- Moonwort, 120
Fluellin, or Lluellin, 79 Hops, 95 gree, ib. Mosses, 120
Fluxweed, 78 Horehound, 96 fourth de- Motherwort, 121
Fox-Gloves, 80 Horsetail, 97 gree, ib. Mouse-ear, 122
Fresh-water Soldier, or Crab's Hound's Tongue, 98, 221 Cooling, 37S Mug wort, 122
Claws, 57 Houseleek, or Sengreeti, 97 cool in the first de- Mulberry Tree, 123, 223
Fruits, 267 Hyssop, 95 gree, 379 Mullein, ib.

appropriated to the body Ivy, 99 second and Mustard, 124

of man, 267 Jacinth's, 222 third degree, ib. Hedge, 125
their several John's Wort, St., 99 cold in the fourth de- Nail wort,orWliitlow-grass, 126
by opera-
tions, bind, &c., 268 Juniper Bush, 100 gree, 379 Nep, or Catmint, ib.

purging, 208 Juices, 202, 252 moistening, ib. Nettles, 127, 227
and their buds, 248 Juleps,204 drying, ib. Nightshade, 128
Fuller's Thistle, 223 Kidney Wort, or Wall Penny- of the appropriation Oak, 128
Fumitory, 80 royal, or Wall Penny- of the several parts of the Oats, 129
Furze Bush, 81 wort, 101 body, 380 Oils, 205
Galanga, or Galingal, 222 Knapweed, 102 appropriated to the Oils, 353
Galanga, English, long and Knotgrass, ib. Head, ib. Simple Oils, by expres-
round, 221 Knee-holly, or Butcher's-broom, Brain, ib. sion, ib.
Galen's Method of Physic, or Bruscus, 225 ib. Infusion and
Key Eyes,
to, 376 Ladies' thistles, 220 - Mouth & Nose, Decoction, 354
Garlick, 82, 218, 227 Mantle, 103 382 Compound Oils by Infu-
Gentian, 222 Smock, 104 Ears, ib. sion and Decoction, 355
Gentian, Felwort, or Baldmony, Lavender, ib. Teeth, ib. Ointments, 208
82 Cotton, 104 Breast &
lungs, Ointments, more simple, 358
Germander, 83 Leeks, 225 ib. more compound, 362
Gilliflowers, Clove, 83 Lettice, 223 Heart, 383 One Blade, ib.

Ginger, 227 Lettuce, 104 Stomach, 384 Onions, 130, 220

Gladon, Stinking, 226 Lilies, Water, 223 Spleen, ib. Orchis, 129
Gladwin, Stinking, 84 Lilies, White, 106, 223 Reins and Bl ad- Orpine, ib.

Golden Rod, 85 Water, 105 der, 386 Orris, or Flower-de-luce, 222

Lily,
Gooseberry Bush, 86 of the Valley, ib. Womb, ib. Parsley, 131
or
Gout-wort, or HerbGerrard, 85 Liquorice, 106, 222 Joints, ib. Piert, Parsley
Grass, 222 Liverwort, 107 Propriety or Breakstone, ib.

Green, Winter, 86 Lohochs, 208 operation of, 387 Parsnips, 132

T
Gromel, 85 Loosestrife,orW illow- herb, 1 07 Hardening, ib. Cow, ib.

Groundsel, 87 with spiked heads Loosening, 388 garden and wild, 224
Gums, Rosins, Balsams, and of flowers, ib. Drawing, 389 Peach Tree, 133
Juices,270 Lovage, 108, 223 Discussive, ib. Pear Tree, 134
Repelling, 390 Pellitory of Spain, 134,
Hart's Tongue, 88 2'2i
Lungwort, 109
 GENERAL INDEX.
Pellitory of theWall, 135 Receipts,tokeepTeeth white, ib. Sauce- alone, or Jack by the Tears, Liquors, and Rosics,
Peony, male and female, 224 fasten the Teeth, ib. Hedge-side, 165 251
Pennyroyal, 136 for the Tooth-ache, ib. Savine, 166 Teazle, 223
Peony, male and female, 137 Scurvy in (he Gums, ib. Savory, Winter and Summer, ib. Thistles, 179
or Dittander, 138 rotting and con- common
Pepperwort, for Saxifrage, the white, Melancholy, 180
Periwinkle, 138 suming of the Gums, ib. 167 our Lady's, ib.
Peter's Wort, 3t. 139 the cause of Infirmities Burnet, ib. Woollen or Cotton,
Pimpernel, 139 in the Face, ib. white, or Lady- 181
Physic, a Key
to Galen's Me- for a Face full of red Smocks, 226 Fuller's, or Teazle, ib.
thod of, 376 pimples, ib. Scabious, ib. Thorn, black, orSloe Bush, 182
the general use of, ib. to take away the marks Scabious, three sorts, 1C1 Thorough Wax, or Thorough
of the temperature, ib. of Small Pox, ib. Scirrits, 226 Leaf, 183
Pills, 209, 339 caution concerning the Scordium, or Water- German- Throat-wort, 226
Pine, Ground, 140 Infirmities of the Throat .ib. der, ib. Thyme, 123
Plaisters, 208, 367 for Hoarseness, 398 Scurvygrass, 169 Wild, or Mother of
Plantain, 141, 224 for the Quinsey, ib. Sea, things belonging to, 254 Thyme, ib.
Plants, things bred from, 252 for Sore Breasts, ib. Seeds, 201 Tinctures, 290
Plums, 142 inward Medi- or Grains, 249, 268 Toad-stools, 226
Polypody of the Oak, 142 cine for, ib. according to their ope- Tobacco, English, 177
ration, bind, &c. 269 Tooth wort, 221, 54
Poplar Tree, 143 for Moisture of the Sto-

Poppy, 144 mach, ib. Self-heal, 170 Tormentil, 226

Poultices, 209 for the heat of the Sto- Service Tree, 171 Tormentil, or Septfoil, 184
Preserved Ri.ots, Stalks, Barks, mach, ib. Seseli, or Hartwort, 226 Treacle Mustard, 181
Flowers, Fruits, 314 to cause the Liver well Shepherd's Purse, 171 Trefoil, 226
Preserves, 206 to digest, ib. Sloe-bush, or Sloe-tree, 225 Trefoil, Meadow, or Honey-
Primroses, 146 a Caution, ib. Smallage, 171,218 suckles, 115
Privet, 146, 218 for a stoppage of the Solomon's Seal, 163, 225 Heart, 186
Pnrslain, 146 Liver, ib. Sope-wort, or Bruise-wort, 172 Pearl, ib.
Queen of the Meadows, or for the Liver, ib. Sorrel, ib. Troches, 209, 346
Meadow Sweet, 147 Reed, Aromatical, 219 Wood, ib. Turbith, 226
Quince Tree, 148 Reeds, common and sugar, 218 Sow Thistles, 173 Turmerick, 221
Radishes, garden and wild, 225 Rhadish, or Horse Rhadish,148 Southern-wood, ib. Turnsole, or Heliotropium, 224
223 Tustan, or Park Leaves, 186
Ragwort, 149 Rhapontick, or Rhubarb of Pon- Sorrel,
Rest-Harrow,orCamonack, J50 tus, 225 Sowbread, 218 Valerian, white and red, 219
Rattle Grass, 150 Rhubarb, 225 Sow-thistles, 226 Valerian, or Setwell, greater
395 Rhubarb, or Rephontic, 156 317 and lesser, 224
Receipts, General Caution, Species, or Powders,
Valerian, garden, 186
to purge the Head, ib. Monk's or garden Spignel, 223
a Rheum in the Patience, 157 174 Vervain, 187
for Spignel, or Spikenard,
Vine, 188
Head, and the Palsy, ib. Bastard , or great Spikenard, 223
ib. 396 Round-leaved Dock, ib. Spleenwort, Ctterach,
or Hart's Vinegars, Physical, 292
for the off of Rocket, 151 ib. Violets, 188
falling
.

Tongue,
the Hair, ih. Winter,or Cresses, 152 Spurge, greater and lesser,
222 Viper's Bugloss, 189
or Wild Bug
to purge the Head, ib. Roots, 201, 217, 256 Spurge, Olive, or Widow-wail,
222 loss, 221
for Eyes that are blast- Temperature of, 257
ed, ib. appropriated to several Squills,
226 Viper's Grass, 226
Wall Flowers, or Winter Gill-
Excellent Water to
parts ot the body, 258 Star-Thistle, 175
or flowers, 190
clear the Sight, ib. properties of, ib. Stone-Crop, Prick-Madam,
for a hurt in the Rosa Sun Dew, 155 small Houseleek, 177 Walnut Tree, ib.
Eye Solis, or
with a stroke, ib. Rosemary, ib. Strawberries, 175 Water-flag, or Flower-de-luce,
. draw Rheum back Rose Root, 225 Swallow-wort, 218, 227
218
to
Waters, distilled, 202
from the Eyes, ib. Roses, 152 Succory, 220
ib. Rue, Meadow, 158 Succory, or Chicory,
176 Weld, Wold, or Dyer's Weed,
foraWebintheEye, 191
pain in the Ears,
ib. Garden, 159 Sugars, 316
or Wheat, 192
an Imposthume in the Rupture-wort, 160 Sulphur-wort, Hog's-fennel,
Willow Tree, ib.
Ear, ib. Rushes, 161 Hore-strange, 224
Syrups, 203, 294
Wines, Physical, 291
Polypus, or a fleshy Rye, ib.

substance growing in the Saffron, Meadow, 220 altering, 294 Wood, 193
purging, 305 193, 223
Nose, ib. Saffron, 161
Sage, 162
made with Vinegar and Woodbine,orIIoney-suckles,ib
bleeding attbeNose.ib.
a Canker in the Nose, Wood, Honey, 308
ib. Woods, 260
164 Tamaris, 226 Woods, and their Chips or
ib. Samphire,
-
another forthe Polypus, Sanicle, ib. Tamarisk Tree, Rapeings, 229
ib. Saracen's Confound, or Sara- Tansie, 226 Wormwood, 194
cen's Wound- wort, 165 Tansy, garden, 178 Yarrow, Nose- bleed, Milfoil, or
extreme heat of the
Thousand Leaf, 198
Mouth, 397 Sarsaparilla.or Bind-weed, 225 Tansy, Wild, or Silver Weed,
for a Canker in the Satyrion, 226
179 Zedoary, or Setwall, 227
Mouth, ib.
>
 A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL DISEASES.
Abcmion, (to prevent). Sage 244. I
Face, 397. Beans 18 Measles. Termentil 184. Saffron 161 Sprains. 357, 361
Tansey 245 | Falling Sickness. Elk's-claws 253. (to drive out). Alkanet 2. Spring Medicine. Lady's-thistle 180.
Aches in the joints. Of Beans 228, 274 Mallows 111. Masterwort 114 Marigolds 114 Nettles 127
Agues. Archangel 11. Buck's-horn- Felons of the Finger. Amara-dulcis 1. Melancholy. Melancholy-thfstle 180. Stings and Venomous Bites. Bazil 17.
plantain 33, 281. Camomile 39. True Love 94. Nailwort 126 Germander 83. John's-worl 99.
Vipers Bugloss Bay 18. Erin^o
Pellitory 134. Meadow-sweet 147 Fevers. Endive 69. Flea-wort 77. 189. Mother-wort 121, 294. Bur- 70. Rocket 151
Dry. Maudlin 114. Lovage 108 Master-wort 114. Marigolds 1 14, net 35. Dodder 64, 345 Stomach. Mint 117. Lovage 108,398
Hot. Mallows 111, 302." Wild 333 Memory, (to strengthen). Olibanum (inflammations of). Wallnut-
Tansey 1 79 (Pestilential). Butter-burr 35. 273, 281. Sage 244 Tree 190
-

Quartan. Tumilory 237. Cinque- Elecampane 69. Clove-gilliflowers Menses, (to provoke). Bdellium 271, (obstructions of). Cross-wort
foil 242 83 258, 269. Marjoram 281, 274 58. Rhubarb 157, 297, 317, 343
Almonds of the Ears. Devil's-bi' 245 Borage 28
(Putrid). (to stop). 259, 264, 270, 299, (to strengthen). Gentian 82.
Anthony's Fire. Crab's-claws 57. Fistulas, Bugle 33. Winter-
351. 305. Tansy 179 Mustard 124. Roses 152. Wood-
Duck s-meat 66. Haw<-weed 89 green 86. Cow-parsnips 132. Cam- Milk, (to increase in Nurses). Fennel sorrel 172, 280, 374
Appetite, (to restore). Wild Marjo- pion Wild 40 237. Of Vipers Bugloss 221, 250 Stone. Ash 14. Bird's-foot 24.
ram 112. Masterxvort 240, 295 Fits. Wild Arrach 10 Miscarriage, (good against). Ladies' Broom 32. Burdock 36. Camo-
Apoplexy. Lavender 103. Lilyofihe Flux. Bistort 25. Flux-weed 78. Mantle. Tansey 178 mile 39. Parsley-piert 131,253
Valley 105 Rhubaib of Pontus 225 Mouth. 397 Surfeits. Liver-wort 107, 280
Asthma. Woodbine 193. Lungwort Fundament falling. 239, 365. Duck- Nervous Complaints. Privet 230, Sweat, (to provoke). 259, 281, 325,
109, 313, 346 meat 240 356, 363 329, 338
Blood, (to cleanse). Nettles 127,281, Gout. Comfrey 54.
Sciatica-cresses Head-ache. Lily of the Val- veilings. Common Alder 7. Sea-
282. Hops 240 57. Gout-wort 85. Elm 68 ley 105. Plantain 224 Coleworts 37. Chick-weed 48
Bloody Flux. Amaranthus 9. Mal- Gravel. Asparagus 13. Butcher's- Nose. 396 in the Throat. Water Cal-
lows 112. Blackberry 27. Brank broom 31. Parsley-piert 131 (bleeding at). Fluellin 79. trops 39. Devii's-bit 63. S. Glad-
Ursine 29. Clovvn's-wood 52 Gums. 397 Houseleek 97. Periwinkle 138 win 84
Blows, (black and blue, marks of). Head. 343, 395. Cives 50. Fever- Pain in the Bowels. Mouse-ear 122. Teeth, (to draw without pain). 252
Daisies 232. Of Solomon's-seal 225 few 72. Flower-de-luce 78. Pelli- Of Marsh-mallows 218, 281 (to Mastich 251.
fasten).
Bo ;
ls. Barberry 16. Cuckow-point tory 134. Roses 153 in the Side.
Chick-pease 48. Bistort 219. Silver-weed 231
5.1. Wheat 192 Ache. Beets 20. Duck's-meat Coral-wort 54. Gentian 82 (to whiten). Vine 246, 397
Eowels, (obstructions of). Stachea 66. Ivy 99. Privet 146 in the Stomach. Rupture wort Teething of Children. 253
247. Hops 247, 346 Bald. White-lilies 106. Wall- 160. Spignel 174. Black-thorn Tooth-ache. Tobacco 177. Wild
Br;dn, (tostiengthen). Rosemary 247. Kue 110, 396 1 82, 273 Tansy 179. Henbane 91, 397
Cowslips 347. Nutmegs 248, 272, Scabby. Fox-glove 80. Knap- Palsies. Cowslips 56. Juniper 100. Tumours. Cives 50. Hemlock 90.
273, 281, 324 weed 102. Nep 126 Lavender 103, 328, 342, 395 Lesser Celandine 42. True Love
Cruises. Bishop's-wped 25. Chervil Scald. While-Lilies 106 Piles. Lesser Celandine 44. Colt's- 91, 359, 360
46. Solomon's-seal 163 Heart-Burn. Vine 246 foot 53. Stone-crop 171 (hard). Misselto 118.
Burns. Burdock 36. Ilouud's-tongue (to strengthen). 284, 287, 289, Pleurisies.Lohochof Poppies 313,321 Mallows 111
98, 359 298, 318, 326, 349 Poison, (to expel). White Lilies 106. (hot). Water Lily 105
Cancers. Asarabacca 13. Briony 30. (palpitation of). Syrup of Apples Master-wort 114. Rue 244, 337 Ulcers. Centaury 44. Coral wort
Yellow-water Flag 76. Cinquefoil49 303 Polypus. Polypody 142, 396 54. Bistort 25. Archangel 11.
Cankers. Dragons 67. Flower-de- Hic-cough. Mint 117 Purging. Flowers 266 Alehoof 5
Winter-green 86
luce 78. Hoarseness. Fig-tree 75. Fruits 268 Venereal Disease. Sope-wort 244
Liquorice
Chest,(cliseasesof).SweetMarjoraml13 106. Peach-tree 133 Herbs 264 Voice, (to restore). 310, 314, 347
Chilblains. Henbane 91 Imposthumes. Barley 16. Chick- Syrups 305 Vomit Antimonial Wine 292
Chin-Cough. Thyme 183 weed 48. Dandelion 62, 360 Quinsey. Cudweed 56. Hyssop 95. Vomiting, (to stay). Lady's Mantle
Cholic. All-Heal 2. Dove's-foot 66. Indigestion. Avens 15. Ragwoitl49. Orpine 130. Ragwort 149. Black- 103, 304, 311, 321, 327
Mullein 123. Osmond Royal 72 Samphire, 164 319, 374 berry 27 Warts. Buck's-horn 33. Houseleek
Chops of the hands, &c. Pomatum 361 Inflammations. Arssmart 12. Sea- Rickets. Fearn 222. Syrup Hart's- 97. Poplar 143
Colds. Nep 126. Juice of Liquorice Coleworts 37. Cinquefoil 49. tongue 304, 309 Wens. Turnsole 185. Fuller's This-
312 Black Cresses 57 Savine 166. Celan- tle 223
Ring-worm.
Consumption. Sweet-Chervil 47, in the sides. Violets 247 dine 42.Barberry 1C Wheezing. Liquorice 106. Hyssop
246, 289, 293, 316. Plantain 141. Infection, (to preserve from). Scabi Ruptures. Rupture-wort 236. Tho- 95. Lungwort 109
Pine-Nuts 248, 275 ous 168. Bay 18 rough wax 183. Tormentil 184. Whitlows. Nail-wort 126
Convulsions. Down 67. Pansies Itch. Black-alder 6. Celandine 42 Consolida-Major 220 Wind. Bishop's-weed 25. Carra-
246, 328 Stinking-gladwin 84. Juniper 100 Scrophula. Celandine 220. Eringo222 way 42. Dill 63. Fennel 73.
Corns. Houseleek 97, 232. Willowl92 Jaundice. Agrimony 4. Ash 14. Scurvy. Scurvy-grass 169. Water- Hemp 91, 264, 323
Garlick 82. Carduus Benedict 41 cresses 58. Winter Rocket 152. in the Stomach.
LovSge 108.
Coughs. Angelica 8.
Hore-hound 96 Yellow. Wormwood 196. Cuckoo Flower 104, 259 Thyme 183. Mint 118. Rose-
Cramp. Mug-wort 122. Mullein Barberries 227 Scurf, (or running tetters). Beech 23. mary 155. Garden Tansy 178
123. Sage 162 King's-evil. Wheat 192 Plantain 141 Womb, (cold infirmities of). Bay-
berries 248
Diabetes (an involuntary discharge of Leprosy. Nigella 250 Shingles. Plantain 243
Wild Arrach 10,
urine) 253 Lice, (in the head, to kill). Staves- Shortness of Breath. Angelica 8. (diseases of).
Dimness of Sight. Pearl-trefoil 180. acre 250. Olibanum 250 Calamint 38. Hyssop 95. Pelli- Feverfew 72, 365
Vervain 187. Mellilot 115. Va- Liver. 398. Sage 162. Strawberries tory of the Wall 136 (inflammationsof). Schomanth247
lerian 186 175. Maple-tree 112 Skin, (to clear). Madder 109. Of Women's Diseases. DogMercury 116.
Dizziness of the Head. Sweet Marjo- (inflammation of).WildThymel 83 Cuckow-points 218. Vervain 246 Moses 120. Mugwort 122, 231
ram 113, 298. Sow-fennel 74. Rhubarb 157, 144. Let- in Labour. Cinnamon 227.
(obstructions of). Sleep, (to procure). Poppy
Parsley 131. tuce 104, 310 Hore-hound 240. Penny-royal 2 3
Rosemary 155 225. Columbines 1

Dropsy. Elder 67, 221. Bay 248, 53. Liver-wort 107. Alexander 6 SmallPox. Marigolds 114. Saffronl6! Worms. Dog's-grass 65. Wormwood
264. Juniper 100. Flax-weed 76. strengthen). Cleavers 51 Sore Breasts. Purslain 146. Quince 195. Calamint 38, 324. Arssmart
(to
Dock 12. Butter-bur 35. Centau-y 44.
Ptllitory of the Wall 135 Costmary 55. 64. Hart's- 148, 398
Buck's-horn-plantain 33. Lavender-cotton 104
Ears. Fis-Tree 75. Ale-hoof 5. tongue 88 Eyes.
Sow Thistle 173, 396 Looseness, (to stop). Cloves 248 Succory 176. Celandine42. Loose-
Wounds. Adder's-tongue 3. Bifnil
Primroses 146. Burnet 35.
Eye-bright 71, 396. Hawk- Lungwort 109. Water Agri- strife 108 24.
Eye-s. Lungs.
weed H9. Wild Clary 51. Rattle- mony 5. Nettles 127. Head. Garden Rue 159. Tor- One Blade 26. Bistort 25. Moon-
Filipendula
Beets 20 75. Scabious 168 mentil 184 wort 120. Lupines 249
p,rass 150.
Ru Mouth. Blue-bottle 28. Birch in the Head. Shepherd's -purse
(inflammations of). Violets 188. (inflammation of). Garden
Anemone Groundsel 87
9. 159, 244. Heart's-ease 88 24. Golden Rod 84 171

Paintings. Balm 15. Endive fi9. (ulcers of). Money-wort 119 Throat. SaniclelG4. Self-heal
170, 393. Saracen's Confound
Ilorehound 240 165
Tenny-royal 136 Heart Trefoil 186
London : Printed ly J. HatHon, CastTe Streel, Fin.-'.-nry.
-

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