Lesson1

/Alice

HAPPY LINGO & LONGRE EDUCAITON LANGUAGE TRAINING CENTER

•
• The emissions from vehicles and planes can cause air pollution.

• +
• Modern technology has allowed rich people to accumulate wealth more easily.

• + + +
• Computer technology gives people opportunities to communicate with each other.

• serious offenders
• Those serious offenders should be sent to prison.
•
•
• +
• The tuition fee has been rising.
•
• Working long hours has become the norm in companies.
• there be
• There are many job applicants competing for limited positions.
• it
• It would be difficult to create a happy and properous society.
•
• People in some countries have to face a long prison term if
they commit crimes.
•
• Some people argue that harsh punishments can help deter
criminals.
•
• Tax reductions are beneficial to those who live on a tight
budget.
•
• Regular exercise can increase one's self-confidence.

• Participating in sports frequently can boost people's

confidence, which is important not only to the youth but also to
the elderly.
• mental arithmetic
• Relying heavily on calculators will have a negative impact on
mental arithmetic.

• The excessive reliance on calculators is likely to have an

adverse impact on children's mental arithmetic and pose a
threat to their intellectual development.
• Argument

• 1.
• Discuss both these views and give your own opinion

• 2.
• Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
• Argument

• 3.
• What is your opinion/view?
• What do you think...? To what extent do you think...?
• Do you think...?
• 4.
• To what extent do you agree or disagree?
• Report

•
• What do you think are the main causes of crime? How can we deal with
those causes?
 Assesment criteria
Task Response/Task achievement

Coherence& Cohesion

Lexical Resource

Grammatical Range &Accuracy

 6 7

1. 2
what are the 2.
obstacles you
.
may have? 3.
4.1 3
•
• 1 Raising standards of literacy are the government's priority.
• are--is

• To rear a child alone are challenging to any parent.

• are--is

•
•
• 2 The adequacy of financial resources are crucial to the operation of a
non-profit organization.
• are--is
• of of

• 3 with,together with,coupled with,combined with,as

well as,along with
• Overworking, coupled with poor diet, lead to physical deterioration.
• lead--leads
• Everybody except you is down on me.

• A woman with two children has come.

• John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.

• Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film.

• My father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan.

• 4)anybody,everything
• Even if somebody fall sick,everything go on as usual. ?
• fall--falls go--goes

• what whether how, where

• 5)How we cope with massive technological change in the 21st century are
an interesting issue.
• are --is
•
•

• 1)
•
• The accident was similar to the one that was happened last year.
• was happened--happened
• happen appear disappear,rise,emerge,occur,take place
• I disagree many points made by the supporters of globalization.
• disagree--disagree with
•
• 2) The curriculum is consisted of core courses and optional courses.
• is consisted of--consists of
• consist of, belong to,take place, benefit from

• Most children are seemed to be better at remembering bad habits,instead of

good ones.
• are seemed--seem
• seem,remain,prove,appear,look, smell,taste
• 3 I will discuss in some detail.
• I will discuss this topic in some detail.

• 4)Education can let young people to find jobs easily after they finish their
graduation.
• to
• make have,let to
• 5)Private sponsorship has allowed the academic community survive.
• survive--to survive
• enable,encourage, allow,prompt to do

• 6)Consumer confidence should improve,as it is crucial to an economic

recovery.
• should improve--should be improved
•

• Computer is a machine for collecting, processingand presenting information.

• Computer--The computer

• Government should provide students from low-income families with more

support.
• Government--The government/Governments
• 2 The education is important to one's job prospect.

• The education--Education
•

• The parents tend to prefer boarding schools to day schools.

• The parents--Parents
• 3)People with same experience should be paid same.
• same the
• only, main, same, top the

• 4)Tourism has become top earner of foreign currency for many countries
since late twentieth century.
• top the late the
• The cigatette is most common method of smoking tobacco.
• most the
•
•
• 1 Many smokers are unwilling to cease smoking despite they have
knowledge of ill health effects.
• despite --,although
• despite their knowledge of ill health effects.
• despite,in spite of,during, because of, due to
•
• Many children depend on their parents give support.
• depend on their parents' support.
• 2) Public disorder can lead to damage a country's economy.
•
• Public disorder can lead to a country's economic crisis.

• give rise to,contribute to,pay attention to,conform to, lead to

to
• 3)Traditional buildings are desired sometimes, for the simple reason is that
they are of commercial and cultural values.
• for the simple reason that
• for, since,after,before
• People have different attitudes for life.
• for--towards

• be aware of damage to have preference for

•
• 1)Although the crime rate is falling in many parts of the world,but violent
crimes are constantly rampant.

• Although but because so

• 2 Education has been made available to more people

nowadays,however,many adults have some problems with literacy and
numaracy.
• However,
• however
• 3 However,therefore,otherwise,thus,hence

• 1 He studied hard;therefore,he passed the test.

• 2 He studied hard.Therefore, he passed the test.
• 3 He studied hard, so he passed the test.
• 4: He studied hard, and therefore, he passed the test.
• 4)Smoking,drinking are banned in many places of work.
• Smoking and drinking

• 5)More people would prefer cycling,walking if conditions were right.

• cycling or walking
•
• 1 Many children have little knowledge of what their need and whether
products meet theirs needs.
• what their need--what they need
• meet theirs needs--meet their needs
• 2 Consulting your family for advice is better than overcoming a problem
ourselves.
• ourselves--yourself
• 3)Employers permit employees to work at home, so they are able to
finish tasks more effectively.

• they
• they--employees

• Employees are now permitted to work at home

•
• 1)Because it is not serious. many countries do not take any real
countermeasure.
•

• 2 Tourism has instead of agriculture as the main industry in many places.

• instead of
• Tourism has replaced agriculture...
•
• 3 In China has more than 100 million subscribers to cable televison.
• In China
• In
•
• 1)Unlike the government,which advocates increasing the amount of money
spent on public housing, the private sector considers it inconsistent with the
market principles.
• which--who
• 2)Those who overweight or indulge in unhealthy diets are candidates for
heart attacks.
• who overweight--who are overweight

• Of those fast-growing countries,China,which economy has been growing at

9 per cent per year, is particularly successful.

• China,whose economy
• 3)There are plenty of natural resources in China, most of that are
unused.
• most of that--most of which
• which whom

• 4)The elderly, who is normally incapable of looking after themselves,

need time and compassion from their family.
• who is--who are
•
• 5)People like shopping on the Boxing Day, when can buy very fashionable
commodities at low coast.
• When can--When they can
• which that, who,whom
• when,where,why

• 6)These courses are not appropriate for children, who have learning
difficulties.
• International aid should target those impoverished countries which cannot
afford any disaster relief.
• which ,
•
•

• 7)People who do not consider it necessary to reduce the use of disposable

products.

• There are many people

•
• 1 The question remains whether that it was a serious love affair or a
passing fancy.
• that

• 2)Many people do not realize that how serious environmental problems can
be.
that
how,what,why,when,where that
• 3)It is widely believed that people improving efficiently by using computers
• people improving--people can improve
that
• 4)The fact that education is the key to a country's long-term success.
The fact
Government funding is supported by the fact that
•
• 1)The process of education begins at birth and continuing throughout life.
• continuing continues
• and,or,but

• 2)As well as causing housing shortage,overpopulation in cities is linked with

pollution.
• overpollution causing housing shortage
• Overpopulation in cities is responsible for pollution as well as housing
shortage.
• 3)The private sector is not interested in domestic movies,while foreign-
made movies attract private investors.
• while whereas
• Domestic movies rely on public funds, while foreign movies attract private
investors.
•
4)More people favor globalization.
• There are more people who favor globalization than those who oppose
it.
• than
• The average woman possesses less physical strength than the average man.
•
• man does
5)Education not only allows young people to improve job skills but also have
more knowledge of ethnical principles.

not only ...but also

Education not only allows young people to improve job skills but also
enables them to deepen their understanding of ethnical principles.
6)In contrast to people in developing countries, natural disasters are less
challenging for people in developed countries.

people in developing countries natural disasters

In contrast to people in developing countries, people in developed countries

do not consider natural disasters as challenging issues.

compared with, in contrast to, different from, as opposed to,

similar to, distinct from
•
• The emissions from vehicles and planes can cause air pollution.

• +
• Modern technology has allowed rich people to accumulate wealth more easily.

• + + +
• Computer technology gives people opportunities to communicate with each other.

• serious offenders
• Those serious offenders should be sent to prison.
•
•
• +
• The tuition fee has been rising.
•
• Working long hours has become the norm in companies.
• there be
• There are many job applicants competing for limited positions.
• it
• It would be difficult to create a happy and properous society.
•
• People in some countries have to face a long prison term if
they commit crimes.
•
• Some people argue that harsh punishments can help deter
criminals.
•
• Tax reductions are beneficial to those who live on a tight
budget.
•
• Regular exercise can increase one's self-confidence.

• Participating in sports frequently can boost people's

confidence, which is important not only to the youth but also to
the elderly.
• Confidence boost one's confidence
•
• The youth
•
• The elderly
• mental arithmetic
• Relying heavily on calculators will have a negative impact on
mental arithmetic.

• The excessive reliance on calculators is likely to have an

adverse impact on children's mental arithmetic and pose a
threat to their intellectual development.
Impact
• +
• Have an impact
• +
• Have an impact on
•
• Have a negative/adverse impact on
Threat
• Verb+
• Pose a threat
• Preposition+
• Pose a threat to

Development
• Adj+
• Intellectual development
• Cognitive development
• male-dominated world

• Many girls are not willing to seek employment in a male-

dominated world.

• Numerous women are unwilling to find employment in a male-

dominated world because they can face barriers to top-level
promotion.
•
• Be not willing to/ are unwilling to
•
• Seek employment
•
• Male-dominated
•
• Face barriers to
•
• The environmental problem has become the focus of public
concern.

• The environmental problems has become the focus of public

concern, such as greenhouse gas emissions. That is why some
regulations are implemented to deal with these problems.
•
• the focus of public concern
•
• Greenhouse gas emissions
•
• Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children’s
screen time.

• Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children's

screen time, thereby protecting children's eyesight and
encouraging them to do more outdoor activities.
•
• Eyesight
•
• screen time
•
• make an effort to
•
• The arts are not among core subject areas at school.

• The arts are not among core subject areas at school but
deserve a place in the curriculum, for these subjects add spice
to life.
•
• deserve a place/spot
•
• add spice to life
•
• core subject
•
• The arts
• rural-to-urban
shift
• Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the
rural-to-urban shift.

• The lack of infrastructure and government funding in rural

areas is the main cause of unemployment, which can be
addressed partially by the rural-to urban shift.
• economic slowdown

• Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate.

• Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate

because employers intend to cut overheads and refuse to
recruit new employees.
• economic outlook
• Because of unclear economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new
employmees.
• Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to
recruit new employees.

•
• Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely
to recruit new employees, so a considerable number of graduates will face the problem of
unemployment.
• Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely
to recruit new employees and a considerable number of graduates fail to find
employment.
• eyesore
• Occasionally high rise buildings tend to be regarded as the
eyesore of a city.
• High-rise buildings are sometimes regarded as eyesores of the
city.
•
• The economic development requires a great number of fresh
working forces
• A country's economic development relies on a supply of young
workers

• A country's economic development relies on a supply of young

workers, but the problem is that the aging society has an
adverse impact on the labour force.
• recharge batteries
• People with a heavy workload cannot have adequate time to
rest and recharge batteries
• People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to
rest and recharge batteries

•
• People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to
rest and recharge batteries, which can be detrimental to their
fitness.
• lavish gifts
• It is customary for Chinese people to exchange lavish gifts.

• Exchanging lavish gifts is a tradition in China and many people

feel ashamed when giving or receiving inexpensive gifts.
•
• A large number of students in China have to study at night.
• A large number of students in China have to do self-study at
night

•
• A large number of students in China have to do self-study at
night, so extra curricular activities have to give way to studies.
•
Air freight is likely to create enormous greenhouse gases.

•
• Air freight is likely to create more greenhouse gases than other
modes of transport.
•
• heritage sites
• The development of cities have pose a threat on heritage sites.
• The development of cities has posed a threat to heritage sites.

• The development of cities has posed a threat to heritage sites,

but the government has no idea whether to protect or demolish
these constructions.
•
•
• The children are likely to meet behaviorial problems.
•

•
• The children who are exposed to abuse or neglect in the home
are likely to have behavioural problems.
•
•
• Population expansion constitutes the main reason of enormous
garbages.
• The rapid population expansion is the main reason for the huge
accumulation of waste.

•
• Population expansion is the main reason for the huge
accumulation of waste, which can take decades to degrade.
•
•
• It cannot be ignored by people to have some face-to-face
communication.
• We should not ignore face-to-face communication.

• Internet can enrich our social lives, but we should not ignore
face to face communication, because this has a direct impact
on social relationships.
•
• As the age is growing, people is hard to connect with their
families and friends frequently
• With age, people find it difficult to maintain contact with family
and friends.

• With age, people find it difficult to maintain contact with family

and friends, as they are occupied with work and other
commitments.
1，重写上课讲解的两篇文章，
运用所2词汇
2，34上课未讲3的练习D分
3，P14 写3习作
4，DDL为：12112点之前
THANKS