Section One: Values treated with dignity and all his basic human rights upheld and

protected.
What is Value? 3 . O r d e r – It is manifested when situations
Literally means the worth or importance of move in their proper course. Customs and traditional values
a particular thing. Somethings have greater set the standard of behavior in many communities in the
value than the others. Things with greater value are Philippines, especially those in the countryside. But
the most preferred and given priority by in modern communities like in urban areas, human conduct
individuals. When we talk of values in its psycho- is governed by bodies of rules formulated and imposed in
social contact, it is the expression of a person’s accordance with existing legal framework. It is enforced by
ultimate ends, goals, or purpose of social the government which acts as the single authority to enforce
action. They serve as basis for decision-making rules and determine the rationality of an action.
since human beings normally make choices on the
basis of what will bring them happiness and Continuation: Section Two: Pagkamaka-Diyos
contentment both intrinsically and extrinsically. 4 W o r k – It refers to the use of one’s
Happiness is the end point of every human physical and mental abilities tosatisfy
action. This desire for happiness helps create the hi/her needs. Engaging in productive work adds
picture of what we really needed or wanted to have dignity to one'sas is and also a way of showing
or experience. In the process, we are able to appreciation to the gift of talents andabilities given
identify the things which we will value most. by God. A person who always depends on
others earnsless respect from others and less
opportunities to develop himself.
How Do We Develop Our Value? 5.Concern for the Family and the
Future Generations
Values are shaped by various factors that enter Family is the basic foundation of the
human experiences and senses. Since we all get into society. Whatever happens to thisinstitution
different situations in each day of our life, it is, therefore, will definitely affect the nation. It is in the family
fairly true that we develop values distinct from where a youngindividual begins to develop his
the others. This explains why we do not always agree character and establishes the foundation ofhis/her
on things. What is correct for us may not be acceptable future. It would be impossible to build a strong
to others. But since we live in a complex society, nation while positivefamily values are kept in the
we always tend to surrender some of our personal views sideline.
or pieces of behavioral pattern to avoid being rejected
or ostracized. In the end, we compromise our own values Section Three: Pagkamaka-Tao
in exchange for social acceptance. Individuals are forced, 1 . L o v e -
either by intra or extra personal factors, to pattern their Apostle Paul defined love in a different way. Love is patient,
behavior after the generally accepted standards. These loveis kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud.
standards are established when most of the people agreed It is not rude, it isnot self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it
and put them into practice. These standards are als keeps no record of wrongs.Love does not delight in evil but
o subjected to constantreevaluation and modification as rejoices with the truth. It always protects,always trusts,
time passes by. Some of them may endure the test of time always hopes, and always perseveres. (I Corinthians 13:4-
and remain the prevalent social system while others may 7)Love strengthens the foundation of the family and other
not. social groupings. Itis the strongest force within the human
community. It provides deepermeaning to the purpose of
Section Two: Pagkamaka-Diyos human existence.
2 . F r e e d o m -
1 . F a i t h i n t h e A l m i g h t y – F a i t h -may It is the state of being free to exercise all the rights
refer to the deeply-rooted submission to a divine being, and privileges in the pursuance of
person, or belief system. Trusting and believing are happiness. Freedom is not absolute since weshare
two essential elements of faith. Faith is best expressed in social and physical spaces with other people. Our
actions, just like it will make more sense to show your love freedom ends inthe exact point where the rights of others
to the people around you rather than merely speaking about are already threatened by our ownactions or omissions.
it.
2 . R e s p e c t f o r L i f e - Respect for life is Continuation: Pagkamaka-Tao
respecting the precept that everyday life is a gift and 3 . P e a c e
therefore deserves to be born and be given the right to be - It is the prevalence of harmony in all facets of social
relationship. Each societyhas its own way of pursuing
peace. Some resort to deprivation or censure of basic the rights of every citizen andimplement programs
civiland political rights, but most focus on socio-economic necessary for the betterment of life of the general public.
progress as a way of promoting peace. 4 . P a t r i o t i s m –
4 . T r u t h It is the state in which a person willfully expresses pride a
- It is the facts corresponding with actual events.. Truth in ndrespect toward his country’s culture,
itself achievements and aspirations. Thisexpression
may be manifested in various ways. Filipinos
does not alwaysgo in conformity with what is acceptable to nowadays, due tothe many influences brought about by
an individual or a group, especially whenthe same truth modernization, have almost already lostfamiliarity with
will contradict with how they will view a their own culture. Even the local tongue had already
certain situation. Someindividuals have the tendency to try lost its place as a tool in enriching the intellect of the
to twist the truth for self-serving purpose. young individuals.
5 . J u s t i c e -
It is that principle by which the rationality of actions, 5. Promotion of the Common Good
conditions andsituations are determined. This principle is - Common good refers to that condition that is
influenced by moral and natural laws aswell as legal beneficial to all or most members of the
standards imposed by the government. Justice is society. Thus, promoting common good equates wit
expressed in two ways:distributive and h giving importance to the generalwelfare of the
retributive. Distributive justice maintains the idea of social people. Sometimes, the government may sacrifice
equality bygiving people what they deserve. Retributive the convenience of the few for programs that will
justice promotes constructive punishmentas corrective deliver better and
measures for erroneous actions committed against a person longterm benefits like imposing taxes. Another exa
or the society. mple is when the governmentdemolished houses
and other structures to make way for the
Section Four: Pagkamaka- construction of school buildings and hospitals. But
Bansa1 . U n i t y – in the exercise of such power, the rights and the
It is the state of being one in harmony with welfare of those affected shall also be given due
one another. Unity isthe most important element consideration.
needed by any society to achieve stability
and progress. Progressive countries were able to at Section Five: Pagkamaka- Kalikasan
tain their economic goals because the people have Environment
trust and confidence in their governments andactive – refers to everything that surrounds us from the
ly supporting their government’s policies and naturalworld to the physical structures produced by
programs. humans. Human interventionsare important to gain
2 . E q u a l i t y – full benefits of natural resources but such
it implies providing standardized or uniform rights interventionshave gone beyond the limits of the
and privileges as well as duties and obligations domain reserved for human utilization.At present,
to every citizen. Every personshall be given equal our environment is besieged by many problems
opportunities to develop himself/herself and to brought
benefitfrom the services which the government is about by unabated acts intended to fulfill human wa
mandated to provide such aseducation, health nts and needs. The countlessdiscoveries on the
care, employment, security and others which will usefulness of natural resources and the
enablehim/her to actively and willfully contribute to advancement inscience and technology have
the attainment of thenation’s goals. undoubtedly brought tremendous gains to
Continuation: Pagkamaka-Bansa theeconomy of many countries. This particular scen
3.Respect for Law and ario, made worst bygreediness, resulted in massive
Government - and uncontrolled exploitation of
The government is an element of thestate mandated to worldresources. Self-centered interests have
formulate and enforce laws designed to regulate blinded many into believing that theseresources are
humanconduct and improve the life of the people within not limitless and the environment can withstand too
its jurisdiction. Without asingle authority to command muchdestructive pressures.
obedience and regulate both individual andinstitutional Continuation: Pagkamaka- Kalikasan
activities, there will be no order. While the people are Environmentalists and even state leaders today are
obliged torespect the government and to follow all laws, the rushing their effortsto save the planet from
government is equallymandated to observe the laws, protect further destructions. But the problem is they
getlittle response from developed
countries. Economic policies of developedcountries 1.To be loyal to the Republic — this means that
contribute so much to the destruction of the citizen must be proud of his/her country and
the environment. Forthe rich nations, promoting the show absolute allegiance to his/her government.
conservation of the world’s naturalresources is This can be shown through the singing of the
tantamount to killing their own economy.All forms of National Anthem, giving respect to the National
life are dependent to nature. Destruction of nature Flag, etc.
willmean destruction of all life forms. Therefore, 2. To love and defend the country — love is
the efforts to protect themother earth are efforts shown through deeds and the readiness of the
intended for the preservation of life. This citizen to defend his/her country.
is thereason why environmentalism is encouraged 3. To contribute to the development and welfare
to counter the variousenvironmental problems of the State — this may be shown through paying
which include climate change, taxes regularly and willingly, following the State
deforestation,damaged water resources, depletion laws, rules and regulations, patronizing local
of mineral resources, air pollution,solid waste products and trades and etc.
disposal and many more 4.To uphold the Constitution and obey the
laws — it is the duty of the citizen to respect the
National Flag Law Constitution and ensure that the laws are followed.
5. To cooperate with duly constituted
authorities — this entails that the city should also
make it his/her concern that State laws should be
observed by others as well.
6. To exercise rights responsibly and with due
regard for the rights of others.
7. To engage in gainful work — this emphasizes
that the State does not work for its people. Which
entails that the citizen should work and become a
useful and productive member of society.
8. To register and vote.
It is because of this that RA 8491 was enacted to
emphasize our duty to our state.
R.A. 8491 FLAG AND HERALDIC CODE OF THE
The Philippine National Flag PHILIPPINES: AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE
The Philippines as a country is made up of various CODE OF THE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM,
ethno-linguistic communities divided by islands. MOTTO, COAT-OF-ARMS AND OTHER
With the HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES OF THE
This kind of background promotes the promotion of PHILIPPINES
unity among citizens. This is the assumption that
nationalism
It’s taught to our students. Article 17, Article 2 of the
Constitution of the Philippines of 1987 provides:
‘The State shall give
Priority to education, science and technology, the
arts, culture and sport to promote patriotism and
nationalism;
Accelerate social change and encourage complete
human emancipation and growth.”
Republic Act №. 8491 a.k.a. The National Flag and
Heraldic Codes of the Philippines was enacted in
pursuance to said provision in our Constitution.
Duties and Obligations of a Filipino Citizen
A citizen is a member of a democratic society that
enjoys complete civil and political rights (De Leon,
2011). However, the right of the individual bears a
corresponding responsibility towards the State. To
this end, a list of the duties and obligations of the The National Flag stands for the sovereignty and
Filipino citizen shall be provided: national unity of the country. It’s impertinent to say
that one
The Flag and other national symbols should be include the playing or singing of the Philippine
valued and respected. This is the primary National Anthem.
explanation of why this is the Filipino. Prohibited Acts on the Philippine Flag
The government has formulated and enacted Law 🟡 To mutilate, defile, defile, trample or cast
8491 of the Republic or otherwise known as the contempt or to commit any act or omission casting
Flag and Heraldic Code. dishonor. Or mockery on the flag or on the surface
The Philippines. of it;
Salient Features: 🟡 Dip the flag to any person or object by way of
The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white, and compliment or salute;
red with an eight-ray golden-yellow sun and three 🟡 To use the flag:
five-pointed stars, as consecrated and honored by 1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth;
the people. 2. As covering for ceilings, walls,
The reverence of the Philippine Flag statues or other objects;
🟡 The flag shall be permanently raised, day and 3. As a pennant in the hood, side,
night during the year, in front of the following: back and top of motor vehicles;
Palace of Malacañang; the building of the Congress 4. As a staff or whip;
of the Philippines; the building of the Supreme 5. For unveiling monuments or
Court; memorial of Rizal In Luneta, Manila; statues; and
Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite; Barasoain Shrine 6. As trademarks, or for industrial,
in Malolos, Bulacan; Unknown Soldier, Libingan ng commercial or agricultural labels or
mga Bayani; Musoleo de Los Beteranos de la designs.
Revolucion; all Foreign Ports; of Entry and all other d) To display the flag:
places which may be designated by the Institute. 1. Under any painting or picture;
🟡 The flag shall also be displayed in private 2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always
buildings and residences or opened on flags in front be hoisted aloft and be allowed to
of such buildings every 9 April (Araw ng fall freely;
Kagitingan); 1 May (Labor Day); 28 May (National 3. Below any platform; or
Flag Day to 12 June (Independence Day); last 4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and
Sunday of August (National Heroes Day); 30 day clubs, casinos, gambling joints,
November (Bonifacio Day and 30 December and places of vice or where frivolity
(Independence Day); (Rizal Day) prevails.
🟡 The flag may be displayed: 🟡 To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume
a. inside or outside a building or on stationary or uniform;
flagpoles. If the flag is displayed indoors on a 🟡 Add to the flag any word, figure, label, image,
flagpole, it shall be placed at the left of the observer design, drawing, advertising, or print of any kind;
as one enters the room; 🟡 To print, paint or attach representation of the flag
b. From the top of a flagpole, which shall be at a on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions, and other
prominent place or a commanding position in articles of merchandise;
relation to the surrounding buildings; 🟡 Show in public of any foreign flag, except in
c. From a staff projecting upward from the window embassies and other diplomatic establishments,
sill, canopy, balcony or facade of a building; and Offices of foreign organizations;
d. In a suspended position from a rope extending 🟡 To use, display or be part of any advertisement or
from a building to pole erected away from the infomercial; and
building; 🟡 To display the flag in front of buildings or offices
e. Flat against the wall vertically with the sun and occupied by aliens.
stars on top; and
f. Hanging in a vertical position across a street, with
the blue field pointing east, if the road is heading
south or north, or pointing north if the road is
heading east or west.
🟡 All government offices and educational
institutions shall henceforth observe the flag-raising
ceremony every Monday morning and the flag-
lowering ceremony every Friday afternoon. The
ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall
  The eight-rayed sun of the Philippines, each
ray representing the eight provinces
(Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Manila, Laguna,
Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Tarlac) placed
under martial law by Governor-General
Ramón Blanco during the Philippine
Revolution
 The three five-pointed stars
representing the three primary
geographic regions of Luzon,
Visayas, and Mindanao
 In the blue field on the left is the
The National Anthem Eagle of the United States; in the
 The National Anthem of the red field on the right is the Lion-
Philippines is entitled Lupang Rampant of Spain.
Hinirang. The official description of the blazon:
 It shall always be sung in the Paleways of two (2) pieces, azure and gules; a
national language within or without chief argent studded with three (3) mullets
the country. equidistant from each other; and, in point of honor,
 The rendition of the National ovoid argent over all the sun rayonnant with eight
Anthem, whether played or sung, minor and lesser rays. Beneath shall be the scroll
shall be in accordance. with the words “REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS,”
 When the National Anthem is inscribed thereon.
played at a public gathering,
whether by a band or by singing or PREAMBLE
both, or reproduced by any means,
the attending public shall sing the We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring
anthem. the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just
 As a sign of respect, all persons
and humane society, and establish a
shall stand at attention and face the
Government that shall embody our ideals and
Philippine flag, if there is one
displayed, and if there is none, they aspirations, promote the common good,
shall face the band or the conserve and develop our patrimony, and
conductor. At the first note, all secure to ourselves and our posterity, the
persons shall execute a salute by blessings of independence and democracy
placing their right palms over their under the rule of law and a regime of truth,
left chests. justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
The National Motto ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
The National Motto shall be “MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-
TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AT MAKABANSA.”
The National Coat-of-Arms