CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY II
QSA152
WALL FINISHES
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INTRODUCTION
⚫ Can be classed as:
External wall – paint, rendering, clad with board or tiles
Internal wall – plaster & paint, drylining, glazed tiles or
partition
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FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE
SELECTION OF FINISHES
⚫ Cost
- materials and maintenance cost
⚫ Sound insulation
- minimise sound transmission – use acoustic
panel
⚫ Asthetic value
- More attractive and decoration
⚫ Durability
- long usable life and economic, protect from
chemical reaction
⚫ Fire resistance
- minimise spread of fire to other room
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TYPES OF WALL FINISHES
⚫ Paint – oil paint, emulsion paint, varnish
⚫ Plastering
⚫ Rendering
⚫ Wallpaper
⚫ Glazed wall tiles
⚫ Drylining
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PAINT
⚫ Can be used for material made of wood, concrete,
steel
⚫ The actual composition of any paint can be
complex but the basic components are:
⚫ Binder – as a binder to the pigment
⚫ Pigment – provides the body, colour, durability and corrosion
protection properties
⚫ Solvents and Thinners – to alter its viscosity
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PAINT (Cont’d)
⚫ Function of paint is;
a) to protect the material from weathering,
oxidation process and damages by insects.
b) to improve the beauty of the material
c) to facilitate the cleaning process of the
surface
d) to provide light – and heat –reflecting
properties
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PAINT (Cont’d)
⚫ Primer applied to the surface to be painted
⚫ Emulsion paint (water based paint) will give a
shoddy finishing (not shiny) and suitable for brick
wall and concrete wall (exterior & interior wall)
⚫ Enamel paint (solvent based paint) can be used as
a basic paint for the surface of wood, metal works
or concrete.
⚫ Oil paint (oil based paint) used to all surfaces
especially on indoor wood and metal works.
⚫ Varnishes used gives a transparent finish to
wood.
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PAINT (CONT’D)
Emulsion paint Primer Oil paint
-Brickwall/conrete wall - Applied to the surface to be painted - wall, steel structure
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PAINT (CONT’D)
Painting The Wall Using Emulsion Paint
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PAINT (Cont’d)
Oil Paint protect the steel from become corroded
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PLASTERING
⚫ A mixture of lime or gypsum with sand & water which
then hardens into a smooth solid.
⚫ Plastering is done after bricklaying work.
⚫ After plastering, painting can be done.
⚫ There are 2 types of plaster Gypsum Based and
Cement Based
⚫ Cement based plaster commonly used in M’sia.
⚫ Need to be done by skillful workers to acquire smooth
surface and beautiful plastering work.
⚫ Plaster work can easily be repaired
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PLASTERING (CONT’D)
Plastering Process
⚫ Reader coat – to level the background
⚫ Floating coat –to produce a flat surface of
uniform suction
⚫ Finishing coat –to provide a smooth , hard
finish
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PLASTERING (CONT’D)
Wall Plastering
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PLASTERING (CONT’D)
Plastering Trowel
Hawk
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EXTERNAL RENDERING
⚫ Mixture of cement, sand & lime
⚫ To give extra protection against penetration of moisture or
to provide a desired texture
⚫ Dual capacity of providing protection & appearance
⚫ Common mix:
i) 1:1/2:4 – 4½ cement : lime : sand
used for dense, strong background of moderate
to severe exposure & application to metal lathing
ii) 1:1:5-6 cement : lime : sand
for general use
⚫ 2 coats are acceptable
⚫ Thickness 12mm – 20mm
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EXTERNAL RENDERING (CONT’D)
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WALLPAPER
⚫ Variety of patterns, colours & finishes
⚫ Most popular alternative to painting
⚫ Understanding the impact of pattern, color and
design can make a room appear larger and
more stylish.
⚫ Selection of wallpaper have to consider the
climate to ensure long lasting
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WALLPAPER (CONT’D)
Wallpaper
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GLAZED WALL TILES
⚫ Similar properties with floor tiles
⚫ Appearance & easily cleaned surface suitable
for splash backs
⚫ Fixing usually by adhesive, cement & sand
backing or hook (for heavy tiles)
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GLAZED WALL TILES (CONT’D)
Pebble Wash
Ceramic Tiles
Homogenous Tiles
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DRYLINING
⚫ Plasterboard is used as the finished surface.
⚫ Use of plasterboard to replace a sand and cement or wet
plaster finish to internal blockwork
⚫ Advantage ;
⚫ speed ,
⚫ Lightweight
⚫ Reduction in the cost used in the construction building .
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DRYLINING (CONT’D)
⚫ Suitable material ;
Hardboard/Plywood/Chipboard
⚫ Finishing can be paint, varnish or wallpaper
⚫ Joints can be chamfered or moulded cover fillets
Plasterboard
⚫ Consists of an aerated gypsum core encased in & bonded to
specially prepared bonded paper liners
⚫ Gypsum plasterboard – size 1800-3000mm width, 900mm and
1200mm length, 9.5mm-12.5mm thick
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DRYLINING (CONT’D)
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DRYLINING (CONT’D)
⚫ Timber or metal studs is commonly used as a
frame to which the boards are fixed.
⚫ Fixing of drylining ;
⚫ Usually by nails to timber batten
⚫ Fixed vertically to horizontal battens at junctions of ceiling/floor
with wall
⚫ Treat batten with insecticide & fungicide to reduce infestation &
fungal attack
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THANK YOU
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