1 aatelite &

Radot Commurße ation:

ASatellite is an ohject hat prbit&/move around a plamet

Stalite anu o toofgre
Noural Satellte
2 ArHyicial Satellie.
Sat ell'te lce
’ hre aN anous purpos Uarg
commundcaHon wothtr fore cuo Hng 2 nauigaff'on .

ahat is Satellite Communacat'on 2

ohun tommuni Coafon take place tu0 antt Statons
bl0 two
communicaton.
Satellie m 0S Caled ao Satelte

Houw Satellite Communicaon worS&:

2 Satdlike Rlays thu Sgnal

Siqnal recelved on easth.
fi Satel'te
uplinic.
f

Stokon 1 Sajan 2.
 Sional sont om E0n Hh to Sorttt l6 calle d uplin I.
siahal rec o8nth rom SaBellte caled donithit
3 DouÚn(nlC.

di er.
I aNeed a Satell'te Com muniCaHon: -

1 provide (ong Datamte com municaton

2. lobal (overag?
3 Brood(öotrng senviceo.
t rternet &mgbil t (on ne cinty.

Laundhrd in (9S intially Ubed or Telecammuniahon.

Ifrst Satell'te
q: aatellte drbits:

placed in diyeront - diyernt oibits 'aound eanHh

Stelite is
Baged on their yumcHon &
prinany types ysatell'te o}bits ane:
3Rhree
1- Geo Stationany orbit (a Eo).
2. Mediumn eanth orbit (ME0).

eostaHonany orb
’ theo satellie nove syhc wjth an th rotaton
tuy appeon at red puirt rdatue to anuy goint on
 Aprox 86000 (m drom Eanih.
A Single nEo Satelit e cove 30%, Ganth Area
U6ed tn moble com nu ncGH on 0eatfer "Broad ootng
95 disad jamtog e& I6 Tntodu ce deoy in (onm

e) Tedium Eanth orbit (MEO):

(9Ps)
’ MEO Catelttes mainiy Used 4or DOVigaHon
arth
tuy do not Ared ot a'y Point on

huUm ben ay Satellite to cou@ ohote fanth.

+ Reqyúred hange
() ow &a th orbit:.
4LÉO Satellíte orbits eath footer tham mto satelltc.

omeo

he
 # freomty bands in satellite Communtatton,-
DowninK
C
KU
2- ku Bamd14bf Ka

3- Fa Bamd30nt
LSC X Ku Ka.

Qatelite Evrors:

b anth and Sttllite

’Due to distamte HO propagaton Delauy

U0 SyStem have lange propgqation beloy whie mEo R LEo have

+to0

2
Signal Ateuaton :
Signal Strength Dereaseß due to ditam (e, Atnüph .cond
3’

3- Înteryorence
(ommuricat'oo chalemg es .

4 Tuo
s+dluire Agg
 drartages to Salellte Commuintcatto0:
(· Gtlobal coverage:
oide reach
2. No udgiophical tritahion &
2 (at eHecHive 4or wide Area N(0:
TEicient or hange NeWOHSS
Neuworss

2. towe (st tor mot e4 rea

3. Ruick înstall atfon:

4
BoadcosBngRate8 capaslity
.
S High Data

Bo Subport or Speaiali'zed Sevices :-

) thoverhnunt U6e
(u) 'scientyc eóran ch
7 24 hour Com muN Cah'on cam be a chieved
u Disad fatagçs:
I Aigh Intial cost Glinited lycsan
2. prpegaion beloy
Signal
4
émited B0.
S signal întgertmce
 R.Apeltcattuns y atelle Commurrahon;.

feleviaion brood <oai"g

2. taterne onnectiuity
3. mobile ommunical'oh .

5. Nau'gaiton

S-Bamting
8.9. Pistance Leoaniny 2&ducation
Communi'catton.

31.Satellte link:

Satellite.

tryomatr
Deode Demadu block
-Lator Rx
Antemna:
En,
ingamah' tecode nadula-up
tor! Cahverter PA (AnHemna)
Îhput (ransnit
Oavegutle
lnk Budget:- Tine. budae cacalaton:
Iu Unc blo satellite R fanth stot 0s (ovem by

Pr:- 0uwen hecered

:t :- pouien Tramsa Hing Antenna
tramsmi ting Ardonno hon.
Anten ng haun.

C:- sped oyug

R
inb.

Re 35t0CM
 (tt0o fern calle d path ass;-
As =(63-5 t slag (f) t 2sl0g (a S40)
saoo)

4 fragutomcy division utiple 4ccess;-

’ gt i6 Technigue 06e d tn Com muricton System
u
Panticul(adyin Sellte amd celar /o. o
shane samu Comunicaton Channel. by.
bu
3mu tiple Use to

8ach User i6 assigned witha dbinct Fregueny bamd

Insarllite System fbmA 0S UBed byby diyerand- dyeront
Fonth staton Each staton asned uith n'ut
Frqucniy tor plna, dnyue frcgueny er dour liK.
Advotaqes Disq dvamtaqc
I fixed alloeci on
Simgickg
2 (ontinuoLs aTss
2 huand Ramd req

u. Code dovision mul fiple Aess

CoMA iB Popula Tehiue io tom muncaon in
User Qssign with Samu
bat diyerent code
 stellite.
ajell'te e0 4ony3 byanh rtre oUen an weAnd
X10 -24 xo
8uae ’onth co¯erage
cc ouwe mobi
le
CotOhCornnui
ate 1|m Coven
Cam fowen ondConsiden t
(cm Yx10b Ar=ea Land îndia
Area: Land ncuh Uen t0
Co required towtn mamy How S
bn: tommune
at regured
or Artemna 4
Bamd. umd reguiray NoB.
&ec0riy. Lmprove
1înoreased
ity capq 2
AdvantageS
&.
slot fme treguen hqvt
Gam Sa U6ct fJechni
ach que is 3n
2
on) (ommuni
catt uireless ioUse 9is
 fist Inter nahana om nendal SaBelte

Sntel set firternationa tele com satelie]:

3launched 1965 ’ Broad (aot TV channe

(neo Syn
orb)+

Driyt Trarnsger orbi+

plantay motony
A-eplen'5 Arst Lao;
>plamt anu hoving in dithcal pah, around Sun
aca point o9 8uizlH'cal path,ot
2 keplo e(ond ud:r lin oinng plántto Su
out equal Ared in tyucd tHrne
 plango
ipogee
slooe
velocy Penge

(hi squ anu 4 orbital peuod y a plan e+ prop s to

Cube Sem maor oxb g th orbit

Jeivahon :-ar CalculaHion pup ode we Conside ah i8 atd ay.

oravitatBonal sorte fe Gmiy

Cen tipetal gorte fe mY

----() 22
e 2
amd toe lcnoohat
.
2
 Uq?=u(2
Tatrp
2

Jodiu& o< Eanth = 640 okm .

M= 3-9 o6x10
in
Satellit e at (owen Heght wil be ot
or
cam not be Uso

cam be used dor real Hmy pplaton y

pthing hlHple SotelliHe in thu orbit

. lowen He'aht Satellte:

do not Use lowen teight Satellite

Hegtt rgured dor q cruloar orbi Sode.'oeh ot

42|6Y Km
ortat haigt 42144-64oa
33406 Cm.
 \aunche tA?

A’ inemumt Spoce ctyt Vecy tmerated ay

&ach

mË mass ay Expelltd yuel

no Mass ch rech; Ihcuding stau'te

to increone veloit & tageh is danu in Eany oou

-what and orbtal Hect to satellite communi ca'oo )

’ whum moon tÑ Comu blw Sun amd Eanth hum sola

EiPße Dcun due to Sol an &cipse SUn Ggh
hot abie to reach to sotellite:
CaH'on
9+ reduces ommunucat'on abuy 2 powenay Satelle
Sun
moon
fao h
 Iohun SUm , Satellite Grnd Earth Coy pawalld to
Jkach oHtun br ve Cam say align inastuight uhu .
thum sun (on'unCtHonccy
conyumcHoh Sighal ut Diatorted
Due to Sun
Sun

Here phunhrena
SumtorjucHon
CoÇCurM B)

’ Change in frequemty Satellte due to relaHre

hohi on b satellite & eantth.
fr- ft Af = Vt fr- fraj frequOOy
umoy
ft
ft ft: TransmiA frequem y
Af = Vt V: Tamshmito, Vedo uy

changes due to cohi'ch sigh al ateI aH'on &

deloyocouy:
 saleltt Com uricaton

Base
bamd
En(oder modulaty
signad up(ounker PA

2o anth Saton Kx:TE

|Lo noise
DUUwn Denuorl.
Apliie (Oumt) Dcodn
Thyorator,
Satellit e.
2- Eanhstoaton

S- freguen'y barmdi
S A bilobal positorung Sostem (Mfs):
St is Satelitt Baocd Navigai' on ton uhuch i
ised to dtemirn (atan y arythingon Barth.
’ Real Ami posiHorßng Timing Synchroh zatton St ay
24 satdlite rvoling n MEo
unlimted noy 0Sen

J# Componusnts yfs;
spasgrunt
tonltol Seqmnt
Gtroumd ba[rd Stahiong
monitor U&e
hat narit and mamaq° (on rol.
StaH on
Segrnt
th hps Satellite, emsun a Seqmurnt
4n JumHünaly
amd
providing ocude puatang
Sryumation
USen Sgmemt Thu end u Se deue & appiaa' on
 1. Autotnoive navigai an
2
Masin1 NGvigai ob .

Agpl'tatioh

7: Usbam plamhg

g (aps Codes
Frequerncy U6ed tn bRS Satellite.
-028 mbP8
Li freqyuen

’U8ed pubic Uoe.

2 L2: le signal Canen is modul ated y

UBrd yor mälitany gplcurton.