Republic of the Philippines

NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY

NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

Instructional Module in
NSTP-CWTS
Civic Welfare and
Training Service 1

Name

Course & Section

Department

Complete Address

Contact Number & Email Address

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Civic Welfare Training Service Program

Introduction

The Civic Welfare Training Service Program (CWTSP) is a program component of the
National Service Training Program (NSTP) under the Republic Act 9163 known as the National
Service Training Program Act of 2001 which refers to "programs of activities contributory to the
general welfare and betterment of life for the members of the community or the enhancement
of its facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry (Section 3, d)."

The Civic Welfare Training Service Program (CWTSP ) is a semester course which
consists of projects and activities designed to encourage the students to contribute in
the improvement of the general welfare and the quality of life for the local community
and its various institutional components, more particularly in terms of "improving
health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and moral of
the citizenry (Section 3, d.)." It includes lectures, community immersions/exposures
and civic community project/s implementation. The students are given the
opportunity to do actual civic/community service under the supervision of the
teacher-facilitator. Through the different projects planned, implemented and
evaluated by the students themselves, they are expected to become civic/community
minded and socially responsible.

NISU Ajuy recognizes a fertile ground and a greater manpower for civic/community
service involvement in the CWTSP. It is therefore the goal of NISUan through the CWTSP to
form the students to become civic/community conscious, responsive and be involved in civic
welfare activities in the light of the Dominican spirituality towards the concretization and
actualization of NISU Ajuy's thrust of forming the students to become "builders and leaders of
communities."

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Module 1
Concepts of Community

Introduction

A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as norms, religion,
values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical
area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighbourhood) or in virtual space through communication
platforms. Durable relations that extend beyond immediate genealogical ties also define a sense of
community, important to their identity, practice, and roles in social institutions such as family, home,
work, government, society, or humanity at large. Although communities are usually small relative to
personal social ties, "community" may also refer to large group affiliations such as national
communities, international communities, and virtual communities.
The English-language word "community" derives from the Old French comuneté (currently
"Communauté"), which comes from the Latin communitas "community", "public spirit" (from Latin
communis, "common").
Human communities may have intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, and risks in common,
affecting the identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness.
Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the module, the learners must have:

1. Understood the concept of community
2. Understood the concept of migration

Discussion

There are many ways to think about community. We will explore four of the most relevant,
each
of which provides different insights into the process of community engagement.

Systems Perspective
From a systems perspective, a community is similar to a living creature, comprising
different parts that represent specialized functions, activities, or interests, each operating
within specific boundaries to meet community needs. For example, schools focus on education,
the transportation sector focuses on moving people and products, economic entities focus on
enterprise and employment, faith organizations focus on the spiritual and physical well-being
of people, and health care agencies focus on the prevention and treatment of diseases and
injuries (Henry, 2011).
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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

For the community to function well, each part has to effectively carry out its role in relation to
the whole organism. A healthy community has well-connected, interdependent sectors that
share responsibility for recognizing and resolving problems and enhancing its well-being.
Successfully addressing a community’s complex problems requires integration, collaboration,
and coordination of resources from all parts (Thompson et al., 1990). From a systems
perspective, then, collaboration is a logical approach to health improvement.

Social Perspective
A community can also be defined by describing the social and political networks that link
individuals, community organizations, and leaders. Understanding these networks is critical to
planning efforts in engagement. For example, tracing social ties among individuals may help
engagement leaders to identify a community’s leadership, understand its behavior patterns,
identify its high-risk groups, and strengthen its networks (Minkler et al., 1997).

Virtual Perspective
Some communities map onto geographically defined areas, but today, individuals rely
more and more on computer-mediated communications to access information, meet people, and
make decisions that affect their lives (Kozinets, 2002). Examples of computer-mediated forms
of communication include email, instant or text messaging, e-chat rooms, and social networking
sites such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter (Flavian et al., 2005). Social groups or groups with
a common interest that interact in an organized fashion on the Internet are considered “virtual
communities” (Rheingold, 2000; Ridings et al., 2002). Without question, these virtual
communities are potential partners for community-engaged health promotion and research.

Individual Perspective
Individuals have their own sense of community membership that is beyond the definitions
of community applied by researchers and engagement leaders. Moreover, they may have a sense
of belonging to more than one community. In addition, their sense of membership can change
over time and may affect their participation in community activities (Minkler et al., 2004).
The philosopher and psychologist William James shed light on this issue in his writings. James
thought it important to consider two perspectives on identity: the “I,” or how a person thinks
about himself or herself, and the “me,” or how others see and think about that person.
Sometimes these two views agree and result in a shared sense of an identity, but other times
they do not. People should not make assumptions about identity based on appearance,
language, or cultural origin; nor should they make assumptions about an individual’s
perspective based on his or her identity (James, 1890). Today, the multiple communities that
might be relevant for any individual — including families, workplace, and social, religious, and
political associations — suggest that individuals are thinking about themselves in more complex
ways than was the norm in years past. The eligibility criteria that scientists, policy makers, and
others develop for social programs and research projects reflect one way that people perceive
a group of proposed participants, but how much those criteria reflect the participants’ actual
view of themselves is uncertain. Practitioners of community engagement need to learn how
individuals understand their identity and connections, enter into relationships, and form
communities.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Community
According to Arlien Johnson, a noted community development specialist, a community is
a collective of people with similar interests and goals whether living in the same geographic
locality or not.
A COMMUNITY is a place where people: Work, Play and Live

Types of Community

Three types of communities are:

 Urban - a large community with many people and large buildings, a city
 Suburb - a medium-sized community near a large city, houses are close together,
you may see parks and malls

 Rural - a community where houses are far apart, there are a smaller number of
people, and you may see farms and forests

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Rural Culture Urban Culture

• Formal belief system • Urban culture is described to be
• Animistic belief usually
• Fiestas as large, with people engaged in varied
occupations

Types of community by the purpose that brings them together.

1. Interest. Communities of people who share the same interest or passion.
2. Action. Communities of people trying to bring about change.
3. Place. Communities of people brought together by geographic boundaries.
4. Practice. Communities of people in the same profession or undertake the same activities.
5. Circumstance. Communities of people brought together by external events/situations.

A Community can be Geographical and Functional

Geographical community is defined in the purview of group of persons living in the
same geographical location like a certain village, town, district, area or territory.

Functional community is defined as the aggregate of people though not necessarily

based on living in the same geographical location, is bounded by a common end such as fighting
for the same cause, having the same interests and goals.

Elements of a Community
The important elements are the following:

1. Demographics – includes population distribution and density

2. History – events of the past that contributed to the development of the community
3. Culture – ways of living of the people
4. Economy – income level and occupation of people
5. Structures – physical, political and social structures in the community

Rural-Urban Migration
Rural-urban migration is both a socioeconomic phenomenon and a spatial process
involving the movement of people from rural areas into cities, either permanently or
semipermanently.
At present, it occurs mainly in developing countries as they undergo rapid urbanization.
Job opportunities created by industrialization attract the surplus rural labor to the cities to seek
higher salaries through employment in the industrial sector.
Rural-urban migration is widely considered an inevitable component of the development
process, though it has a broad range of consequences and implications
(https://www.slideshare.net/davidgeo3eso/rural-urban-migration-40483719).

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

PUSH FACTORS
Push factor is something that can force or encourage people to move away from an area.
They are the bad conditions that drive people out of their homes.

Push factors may also include famine (as in Ethiopia in the 1980s), drought, flooding (as
in Bangladesh, were people are becoming climate change refugees and having to move to
Dhaka), lack of employment opportunities, population growth and over population, and civil
war (as in Darfur at the moment).

PULL FACTORS
• Pull factors may also include the ff.:
- chance of a better job
- better access to education and services
- higher standard of living
• Pull factor encourages people to move to an area. They are the good conditions that
attract people to come to live in that area.
• These factors have contributed to millions of people in LEDCs moving to cities in
LEDCs, creating mass URBANIZATION.

Why Migration happen in a community?

• Migration is often a rational and dynamic effort to seek new opportunities in life

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

• Movement is economically motivated due to lack of employment, livelihood and

economic opportunities in their locality
• Education as a critical factor in migration decision (mismatch with educational
attainment and available economic activities in the area of origin pushes migrants to
the cities)
• Perceived availability of better income and opportunities in the city (i.e. as illustrated in
media or conveyed by people who have been in the city)
• Migration decisions are facilitated by existing social support and network in the
destination area
• Individuals decide to move when they have relatives or friends in the area of
destination
• Successful migrants then invite and support their family or friends to the city
• Political factors
• Population transfer agreement between LGUs (e.g. relocation or human settlement
sites some institutional conditions)
• Some LGUs prefer influx of migrants to their cities to increase market and labor
force for their economic activities

Other expressed reasons for migration

• Some people moved because of marital arrangements
• Internally displaced due to environmental disasters (e.g. typhoon Yolanda) and armed
conflicts
• Older migrants return to the rural area due to:
• Failure of achieving migration objectives and expectations
• High cost of living in the city
• Retirement

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

What does community mean to you?

Discuss by describing your community in a 2 or 3 paragraph (culture, family, tradition, ways of

life, everything).

Why people are moving out of your community? Enumerate the push and pull factors why are they
moving out?

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

Activity 1. Collages are a tremendous way to enjoy your most-loved photos and present a
bigger picture of some memorable event. Put and describe the Photo Collage of your
Community here

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

Activity 2. Using any art materials, make an ideal community. Be creative.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Module 2
The Community Service
Introduction
Community service is unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the
benefit and betterment of their community without any form of compensation. Community
service can be distinct from volunteering, since it is not always performed on a voluntary basis
and may be compulsory per situation.

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the module, the learners must have:

1. Understood the concept of community organizing, service and volunteerism.

2. Identified values needed to confront situations that appear hopeless.

Discussion

Part I. Understanding Community Organizing

Defining Community Organizing

Community Organizing (CO), as commonly used has already joined the “wagon of
over- used” words both in the academic and non-academic circles. Every agency or
organization has its own interpretation of things around its own interpretation of things
around it and therefore it must be no surprise that CO, like other terms, has different
definitions depending on who, where and for what. It is popularly used among
development practitioners, social workers, health workers, agriculturists, forest workers,
teacher and even students.

There are those who use CO to promote environmental protection while there are
those who use environmental protection promotes community organizing. Some say that
CO is building organizations, other say it is just one of the aims of CO. some practitioners
say that tantamount to doing community development.

Community organizing is not just physically gathering and organizing people so

that they can collectively participate in solving problems. CO is more a process of
community- based decision-making involving the intervention of a change agent
particularly regarding the exploitation of community-based resources. As Paulo Freire
noted in his participatory approach research, “Man is being who exist in and with the
world. To exist is thus a mode of life which is proper to the being who is capable of
producing, of deciding, of creating and communicating himself.”

Let us now look at several definitions of community organizing:

It is the process of bringing about and maintaining adjustment between the social
welfare needs and resources in a geographical area or special field of service.

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

This means that a community needs to be aware that their needs can be responded
by what the community’s physical boundaries. Adjustment of these needs with the
available resources will require:

a) Identifying what resources are exploitable;

b) Planning on how to tap, use and re-use them;
c) Employing environmentally safe appropriate technology; and
d) Promoting collective human action in the resource management/maintenance.

That is, in the essence, organizing the people for a common

purpose/goal.

According to the Philippines Business for Social Progress (PBSP), “CO is a

systematic, Planned and liberating change process of transforming a complacent,
deprived malfunctioning community into conscious, empowered, self-reliant and just
humane entity and institution”. This means, the community as a social unit, needs to
learn so that they become empowered to address problems confronting them.

CO is a process forged along people’s empowerment and the eventual formation

of a self-reliant organization that will facilitate development in a sustainable manner.
Apart from the above definitions, I would like to re-visit the concern that has been
expressed for some time now on the misuse and abuse of the concept of CO.

The Concept of Community Organizing

1. Of Means and Ends (Process and Result)

As a process, CO is a series of interrelated activities with the aim of unifying the people
into an organization process, characterized by people’s participation in all aspects or stages of
the organizing process. CO is a complex process that goes beyond the mere setting up of a
formal organization. It is a process which ultimately influences the patterns of relationships in
the community through the development and maintenance of a normative system. Such norms
are expected to affect the values, beliefs, attitudes and aspiration of the people in the
community.

As a radical approach in bringing development to the community. Being radical, CO

employs coercion, advocacy and even threat to uproot the causes of social injustice in the
development of the people. Although CO starts by addressing small and simple issues which
the people can immediately act on or solve, its main focus is to dig into the root cause of the
problems.

As a result of the organizing process, CO refers to the resulting entity, which is the
legitimate and real organization of the people. It becomes the real manifestations of the
people’s collective wills to be able to participate, voice out and be heard and also to act and
decide as unified body (group). The resulting organization mirrors the people’s interests,
sentiments and aspiration.

Does the end always justify the means?

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

There is, without a flaw, the perennial question about the ethical considerations of the
irreverent attitude and the unconventional methods that effective COs have employed in their
practice. But Alinsky resorted thus:

Conscience is the virtue of observations and not of the agent of action; in action, one does not
always enjoy the luxury of a decision that is consistent both with one’s individual conscience
the and good of mankind; action is for mass salvation and not for the individual’s personal
salvation – particularly in the midst of society’s innate hypocrisy, its contradictions and the
apparent failure of almost every facet of our social and political life.

2. Of Power

By giving power to the people, we bring about “the future secured in the people’s hands”.
Power is the basic element in the community organizing process. People’s power in CO is not
based on material wealth in status in society. A powerful people’s organization (PO) is,
therefore, an important means to find redress for their grievances and act against those
conditions that appear and dehumanize them.

People’s empowerment is making the people more assertive and advocative to face and
fight human rights violations and exploitations. It is a process involving recognizing and building
upon innate capacity. It is not a program or activity but a process of enabling people, especially
the weak, the poor, the unorganized, the illiterate, and the oppressed to learn to surmount their
powerlessness and to try to develop their God-given capacity to reach their in-born potential.
By becoming vocal, they may be guaranteed basic freedom, opportunities, and self-governance
at the grassroots level.

3. Of Conflict (And Controversy)

In CO, dissatisfaction, or discontent (discontentment) is viewed as a positive ingredient

that nourishes the enlightenment and development of a community. This is because it
motivates people to come together and discuss and be determined to solve problems affecting
them. CO sees confrontation as a necessary and useful tool in solving social injustice.

Change is part of human life and conflict (or friction) indispensable in social change. To
live is to change. Change and conflict are fraternal twins in societal change. One functional
aspect of the conflict is that it leads to a search for solutions. It is instrumental in innovative
change. It also helps to release latent socio-psychological frustration.

4. Of Praxis (Theory and Practice/Reflection and Action)

By praxis here, it means the theory and practice of community organizing. In the day-
to-day community improvement or organizing work, it is difficult to identify or separate the
theory from the practice. Theory and practices should be so interwoven and complementary,
each testing and strengthening the other. It also refers to reflection and action.

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

5. Of Conscientization (Critical Awakening)

Conscientization refers to the process in which men (humans) are not recipients, but as
knowing subjects, achieve deepening awareness both of the socio-cultural reality which shapes
their lives and their capacity to transform that reality (Paulo Freire; 1972).

Conscientization involves reflection and action occurring simultaneously in the process

of organizing wherein critical reflection becomes a form of action.

Features of Conscientization:

1. It is people’s organized response because the system it contends (struggles with) is

organized.

2. It mirrors and unmasks the different aspects (realities) of the system so that the people see
them for what they are.

3. It changes attempts by elites to petrify (solidify) the culture of poverty and galvanize
(electrifies) within people the spirit of critical awareness and mass protest. At the same time,
it promotes the spirit of cooperation, unity and sincerity among the people to fight against
the individualistic, competitive, exploitation and selfish characteristics of the elites.

Goals of Community Organizing

Community organizing aims at achieving the following broad goals:

1. People’s Empowerment

CO helps the community to become better equipped with appropriate skills, ethics to
assert and advocate for their rights, towards social equity, fairness and human dignity.

2. Building Organization

The organizing process brings into being relatively permanent structures that can better
serve the needs and aspirations of the community. A viable, self- reliant and grassroots-
managed organization (PO) is one of the aims of CO. through formal or non-formal set-ups or
structures, the community acquires the skills of community management.

3. Building Alliances

Community organizing aims to give the people, skills in intra and inter organizational
management and processes through group linkages and networking among the various groups
in the community.

4. Popular Democracy

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Popular democracy entails such attributes as consensus-building in decision-making,

planning and participation in community projects. It gives rise to “one man one vote” system,
freedom of speech and freedom of religion, among others.

5. Social Transformation

CO seeks to change the life of a community and the whole society into a democratic,
nationalistic, self-reliant and self-governing entity. An entity to address the needs of individual
members as well as community-based concerns such as environmental degradation.

6. Development of Local Leaders

It aims to identify local leaders and equip them with the necessary skills to better serve
their people.

The Guiding Principles of Community Organizing

CO like other concepts, has set of principles to guide the practice. It is people’s organized
response because the system it contends (struggles with) is organized:

Go to the
people. Live
among them.
Learn from
them. Plan
with them.
Work with them.
Start with what they
know. Build on what
they have.
Teach by
showing.
Learn by
doing.
Not by showcase, but a
pattern. Not odds and ends,
but a system.
Not piecemeal, but an integrated approach.
Not to conform, but to transform.
Not relief, but release.

Go to the people and live among the people. Learn the culture of the people and try to
integrate into the culture.

Learn, plan and work with the people. The people are highly knowledgeable about the
local situation so the community organizer must avail of this opportunity.

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
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San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Start from where the people are in their development. There must be a proportionate
blend between top-down and bottom-up technologies in order to tap the indigenous resources
in the community.
Teach by learning first from the people. The community organizer must realize that local
or indigenous knowledge is not inferior to Western or scientific knowledge. Respecting the
people’s knowledge will encourage them to learn other skills to complement what they already
know.

Integrative and holistic approach. The community organizing must focus on the
interdependency and the interrelatedness of the factors needed to transform the situation of
the people for the better.

Cumulative and continuous. CO is not one time great even but grows gradually without
break until specific problems are addressed and phased-out.

Part II. Volunteerism: The Call to Service

Volunteerism

Volunteerism is a cross-cutting social phenomenon that involves all groups in society and
all aspects of human activity. Volunteer action directly contributes to economic growth, social
welfare and protecting the environment. It also helps to build and/or consolidate social capital
and to promote more participation and self-initiative, thereby, establishing or stabilizing
democratic processes.

Volunteerism opens wide doors of opportunities for other things. Serving others can lead
an individual to new avenues which he can gain valuable experiences in life. Through volunteer
work, one can expand his horizon and learn how to live with other people and can even gain
new friends. The experience of living in a new environment can make him more understanding
and compassionate while at the same time learning new skills to develop his self-esteem and
interpersonal skills. Opportunities abound for him to share his skills and resources, but so much
more to share his hopes and dreams, and in the process, make other dreams come true.

Serving others through volunteer work can challenge one to tap his resources, get in
touch with his inner self and discover latent abilities he never thought he had. Given the
responsibilities of a volunteer, many people have discovered their deep sense of commitment
and the heart to help others. Volunteerism recognizes the power of individuals driven by their
commitment to make a difference wherever they are.

REPUBLIC ACT 9418 – VOLUNTEER ACT OF 2007

It should be the policy of the state to promote the participation of the different sectors
of the society, international and foreign volunteer organizations in public and civic affairs, and
adopt and strengthen the practice of volunteerism as an approach in order to reach national
development and international understanding. Every Filipino should be educated of
volunteerism to foster social justice, solidarity and sustainable development.

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Goals

To achieve attainment, here are the goals and objectives of the policy:
a. To provide the policy framework that shall underscore the fundamental
principles necessary to harmonize the broad and diverse efforts of the voluntary
sector,
b. To provide a conducive and enabling environment for the mobilization and
nurturance of volunteers and volunteer organizations,
c. To strengthen the Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency
(PNVSCA) as an effective institution to support volunteerism in the country.

Definition of Terms

Volunteerism
- act that involves different activities which includes traditional form of mutual aid and
interventions to provide an enabling and empowering both on the part of the beneficiary
and the volunteer,
- a powerful means for bringing more people into the fold. It strengthens civic
engagement, safeguards social inclusion, deepens solidarity and solidifies ownership of
development results. It simply is not possible to attain the SDGs without a wide range
of people engaged at all stages, at all levels, at all times.

Volunteer
- an individual or group who contribute time, service and resources whether on full-
time or part-time basis to a just and essential social development cause, mission or
endeavor in the belief that their activity is mutually meaningful and beneficial to
public interest as well as to themselves

Volunteer Service Organization

- a local or foreign group that recruits, trains, deploys and supports volunteer
workers to programs and projects implemented by them or by other organizations
or any group that provides services and resources, information, capability
building, advocacy and networking for the attainment of the common good

Voluntary Sector
- those sectors of Philippine society that organizes themselves into volunteers to take
advocacy and action primarily for local and national development as well as
international cooperation and understanding

Roles and Modalities of Volunteerism in Private Sector

a. Volunteerism in academe encourage academic institutions to continuously devise

ways to effectively teach and practice the value of volunteerism. Such integration
provides students with the volunteering arena by which they can channel their
idealism and vigor into something worthwhile.
b. In corporate sector, volunteerism serves as an expression of corporate social
responsibility and citizenship, which refers to the activities recognized by the

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company, where give their time, skills and resources in the service of the
company’s internal and/or external communities

The Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency (PNVSCA)

PNVSCA was created under the Executive Order No. 134 to review and provide policies
and guidelines regarding the national volunteer service program. It establishes and maintains
a national network of volunteer organizations and serves as liaison between and among local.
Recognizing the important contributions of volunteerism in nation-building, the Philippine
National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency (PNVSCA) leads the promotion and
coordination volunteer programs and services in the Philippines, to maximize the benefits that
may be derived from volunteer assistance and properly gauge the contributions of volunteers
to national development and international cooperation.

MultiSectoral Advisory Body (MSAB)

It was created under the Executive Order No. 365 to assist the PNVSCA. It composed
of different government agencies (NEDA, DepED, DFA, DOJ, DILG, DSWD, CHED and PMS)
and representative from the corporate sector, private academe sector and from the not-
for-profit sector.
MSAB functions to provide advice in the formulation of policies and guidelines for the
national volunteer service program, provide consultative and technical advisory services on
volunteer matters, and serves as forum to enhance and strengthen linkages between and
among volunteer groups and communities.

Here are some of the Active Volunteer Organizations in the Philippines

ANIMALS/ENVIRONMENT
Greenpeace Philippines
Greenpeace Philippines is an active volunteer organization that campaigns for their
mission to save the environment. Some of their campaigns include stopping climate change,
saying no to genetic engineering, and defending the ocean.
Email: info.ph@greenpeace.org
Website:
http://www.greenpeace.org/

Haribon Foundation
Haribon Foundation is an organization built in 1972 that commits to helping through
nature conservation. The organization is known with their services such as conserving sites and
habitats, saving species, encouraging sustainability, and empowering people.
Email: act@haribon.org.ph
Website: https://goharibon.wordpress.com/

Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS)

PAWS is a registered nonprofit organization which is dedicated to protect and promote
humane treatment of all animals. The organization helps rehabilitate animals by finding them
new homes. It also actively campaigns against animal fights and using animals for
entertainment.
Email:

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NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

philpaws@paws.org.ph
Website:
http://www.paws.org.ph/

World Wildlife Fund Philippines (WWF)

Focusing on nature, World Wide Fund for Nature – Philippines (WWF-Philippines) is
focused on addressing the issues on the Philippine environment as they also want to live in
harmony with nature.
Aside from this, they also have a mission on addressing the problems on the climate, the
oceans, species, food, and water.
www.wwf.org.ph
Email:
kkp@wwf.org.ph

HEALTH
Philippine Red Cross
One of the most popular volunteer organizations in the Philippines, Red Cross aims to
help people through its different services. Some of these include national blood, disaster
management, safety, health, social, and youth services.
Website: http://www.redcross.org.ph/

Volunteer Youth Leaders for Health-Philippines

VYLH Philippines is a service-oriented organization that aims to empower the Filipino
Youth for health. It was established in July 2009 that promotes awareness on the prevention of
birth defects, awareness on newborn screening, and support for orphan disorders.
Website: https://www.facebook.com/vylhphilippines/

United Nations World Food Programme

World Food Programme (WFP) is the leading humanitarian organization which addresses
the issue of hunger. Yearly since its establishing in 1961, WFP is helping 80 million people in
about 80 countries. Aside from alleviating hunger, they also focus on other issues including:
climate action, disaster risk reduction, gender equality, nutrition, and more.
Email:
wfp.philippines@wfp.org
www.wfp.org/countries/philip
pines

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HUMAN RIGHTS

Love Yourself
Love Yourself Inc. is a volunteer organization for the youth and the LGBT-MSM that aims
to promote loving oneself. Also, it aims to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS among the youth
through counseling, awareness, and education.
Email: info@loveyourself.ph
Website: http://www.loveyourself.ph/

World Vision Philippines

Improving the lives of more than 120,000 children in the Philippines, World Vision aims
to help Filipino youth through health and nutrition, child participation, education, livelihood,
disaster response, and values formation. It is a Christian humanitarian org that helps children,
families and communities to alleviate poverty and social injustices.
Email: wvphilippines@wvi.org
Website: http://www.worldvision.org.ph/

Gentle Hands
Gentle Hands Inc. is an established child and youth welfare agency as the front lines of
rescue and rehabilitation of the medical, social and educational needs of at-risk children and
youth. At present, Gentle Hands has over 65 babies and children in stages of rehabilitation,
adoption, and reunification.
Email: contact@gentlehandsinc.com
Website:
http://www.gentlehandsinc.org/

Amnesty International
Amnesty International Philippines (AIPh) is a non-profit organization with a global
movement to let all people enjoy human rights. It has programs for Human Rights Education
and Activism and Mobilization for its activist members.
Email: section@amnesty.org.ph
Website:
http://www.amnesty.org.ph/

Gawad Kalinga
Empowered by people who are driven by faith and poverty, Gawad Kalinga Community
Development Foundation,In. (GK) is a movement whose mission is to eradicate poverty for 5
millions families, and restoring the human dignity of the poor. Their road to eradicating poverty
is in three steps: Social Justice, Social Artistry, and Social Progress.
Email:
info@gawadkalinga.com
www.gk1world.com

Habitat for Humanity

Habitat for Humanity, a leader in answering the issues of poverty in over 70 countries,
has “helped more than 6.8 million people find strength, stability, and independence through safe,
decent, and affordable shelter.”

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www.habitat.org.ph

Virlanie Foundation
Established in 1992 by Dominique Lemay, Virlanie Foundation is one that cares for
children who needs special protection. This includes those who are among the poor, the
abandoned, the abused, exploited, neglected, and orphaned. Some of the programs they have
are: Residential Programs, Support Programs, Support Services, Outreach Programs,
Sustainability Projects.
Email:
info@virlanie.org
www.virlanie.org

ChildHope Philippines
“ChildHope Philippines is a non-profit, non-political, non-sectaria organization who
advocates for the cause of the street children in the country.” Its programs include the
Baranggay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) and the Street Education Program.
Email:
childhope@hope.org.ph
www.childhope.hope.org.
ph

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

PinoyME Foundation
PinoyME Foundation started out as a social consortium to support the growth of
Microfinance Institution (MFIs) before becoming a social investment banker for
microentrepreneurs. Their strategies include Enterprise Development and Financial Services.
Email:
info@pinoyme.com
www.pinoyme.com

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Name
Course and Section

In this lesson:

1. I learned that… (Knowledge)

2. I felt that… (Value/ Attitude)

3. I developed… (Skill)

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Why Community Organizing is important?

What can you say about Volunteer Act of 2007?

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Name
Course and Section

List down your voluntary work or involvement in civic / non-government / people / voluntary organization/s

NAME & ADDRESS OF ORGANIZATION INCLUSIVE DATES

(Write in full) (mm/dd/yyyy) NUMBER OF
POSITION / NATURE OF WORK
HOURS
From To

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Module 3
Understanding the Dimensions of Development:
Responsiveness in the NISUians

Introduction

The NISU Ajuy CWS Program is founded on human development process which aims to
facilitate the human and technical formation, particularly, of its students who will engage in
volunteer work. The students receive an equally intense training/seminar on the different
dimension of development as defined under the CWS program prior to and during the actual
act of community work.

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the module, the learners must have:

1. Understood the social issues in affecting the community;

2. Created probable solutions or propose a plan to remedy the problem.

Discussion

Part I. The Social Problems in the Community

Social problems are the general factors that affect and damage society. Also known as
social issues sometimes. A social problem is normally a term used to describe problems with a
particular area or group of people in the world. Social problems often involve problems that
affect the real world. It also affects how people react to certain situations.
Also, social problem is an issue within the society that makes it difficult for people to
achieve their full potential. Poverty, unemployment, unequal opportunity, racism, and
malnutrition are examples of social problems. So are substandard housing, employment
discrimination, and child abuse and neglect. Crime and substance abuse are also examples of
social problems. Not only do social problems affect many people directly, but they also affect all
of us indirectly. The drug-abusing driver becomes the potential traffic accident that doesn’t
choose its victims by race, color, or creed but does so randomly. The child of abusive parents
all too often becomes the victim or perpetrator of family violence as an adult.
Social problems tend to develop when we become neglectful and fail to see that serious
problems are developing.
Could these problems have been prevented if our social institutions had been working well?

What are the common social issues?

✓ Anti-social behavior

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✓ Poverty
✓ Drug abuse
✓ malnutrition
✓ Crime and Cyber crime
✓ Prostitution
✓ Racial discrimination
✓ Alcohol abuse
✓ Economic Deprivation
✓ Political Corruption
✓ Unemployment
✓ Sexual abuse
✓ Stress
✓ Rape
✓ Early pregnancy
✓ Animal abuse
✓ The shortage of schools
✓ The lack of infrastructure
✓ Bullying
✓ Obesity
✓ High crime rate
✓ Homelessness
✓ Climate Change
✓ Overpopulation
✓ Immigration Stresses
✓ Civil Rights
✓ Gender Inequality
✓ Health Care Availability
o Worldwide, 97 million people become impoverished by seeking needed
medical care, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Governments around the world are working on this problem, as are
nonprofit organizations.

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John Spacey posted simplicable.com the 84 Examples of Social Issues

A social issue is a problem that reduces the quality of life of people. This includes current
problems and risks that represent a probability of future problems. The following are common
examples of a social issue.
✓ Ableism ✓ Access to Education ✓ Minimum Wage

✓ Addiction ✓ Ageism ✓ Modern Slavery

✓ Air Quality ✓ Animal Rights ✓ Natural Disasters

✓ Anti-Competitive ✓ Bullying ✓ Nuclear Weapons

Practices

✓ Child Welfare ✓ Children's Rights ✓ Pesticides

✓ Civility ✓ Climate Change ✓ Political Accountability

✓ Consumer Protection ✓ Corporate ✓ Pollution

Accountability

✓ Cost of Education ✓ Crime ✓ Prisoners' Rights

✓ Criminal Justice Reform ✓ Cronyism ✓ Public Debt

✓ Culture Change ✓ Debt Bondage ✓ Quality of Life

✓ Disease ✓ Economic Development ✓ Recessions & Depressions

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✓ Environmental ✓ Environmental Justice ✓ Right to Know

Destruction

✓ Epidemics & Pandemics ✓ Extinctions ✓ Sexism

✓ Food Quality ✓ Food Security ✓ Social Safety Net

✓ Fraud ✓ Freedoms ✓ Substance Abuse

✓ Genetically Modified ✓ Globalization & Trade ✓ Technological Change

Food

✓ Government Spending ✓ Healthcare ✓ Tobacco & Nicotine

Products

✓ High Interest Lending ✓ Human Rights ✓ Unemployment

✓ Hunger ✓ Immigration ✓ War

✓ Indigenous Rights ✓ Inflation ✓ Working Conditions

✓ Information Security ✓ LGBT Rights ✓ Misinformation

✓ Living Conditions ✓ Mental Health ✓ Monopolies

✓ Natural Resources

✓ Obesity

✓ Policing

✓ Political Stability

✓ Poverty

✓ Privacy

✓ Public Safety

✓ Racism

✓ Refugees

✓ Rights

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✓ Social Inequality

✓ Social Stability

✓ Taxation

✓ Terrorism

✓ Toxic Waste

✓ Urban Development

✓ Women's Rights

✓ Workplace Safety

Bikeshedding
Bikeshedding is the tendency for groups to focus on solving trivial problems while
neglecting larger problems. This is an analogy to the management of a nuclear power station
with safety and operational issues that spends half of an important management meeting
talking about the construction of a new bicycle parking area. It is common for people who are
familiar with executive management to identify with this analogy as a truism. In terms of social
issues, bikeshedding could apply to focusing on minor issues such the semantics of politically
correct speech while neglecting crushing and painful social problems that greatly influence
quality of life.
Virtue Signalling
Virtue signalling is the use of social issues as a tool of self-promotion. In many cases,
social issues that look the most virtuous or trendy get massive funding and attention while
issues that create more human suffering may be neglected.

Part II. Dimensions of Development Health

Fitness and Healthy Living

Being fit relates to every aspect of our health - physical, emotional and mental. All three
are interconnected. And nutrition and physical activity are fundamental to each one.

Education

Current Trend of Education in Philippines

The current educational system is dominantly own by private investors or financed by

loans and has become commercialized. Such would be evidenced by the continuing tuition fee
increases.

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Thus, the marginalized sector, who has no capability, lack the appropriate education,
knowledge, skills to possess a competitive edge in the employment market.

Environment

Environment Development

As development moves further and further to the metropolitan fringe, it competes with
open space habitat and prime farmland. Loss of open space impacts the environment in
multiple ways. First, we lose many of the natural landscapes features we value such as forests,
wetlands, etc. Second, we lose the functions that these features provide such as runoff control,
wildlife migration, etc. And in the instance of farmland loss, we hasten the use of lesser quality
soils for production, thereby heightening conversion of forests and wetlands for crop production
and increasing dependency on irrigation, fertilizers and chemicals. The communities should
pursue open space protection and development objectives through the clustering of
development activity away from sensitive natural areas.

Entrepreneurship

Advantage of Small Businesses

Entrepreneurship is the capacity and quality of an individual to effectively manage a

business towards customer satisfaction and profitability services. It sees opportunities and
makes the best of them. It is putting good use of something that otherwise may become wasted
(Coloma and Herrera, 2004).

In entrepreneurship, the relationship is more personalized with customers and

employees. There is a close relationship between them, hence, they can work harmoniously.
The small entrepreneur enjoys freedom from interference. He is the master of his own decision.
He can enjoy flexible time and can adjust store hours to fit market conditions. He can quickly
learn changes in the needs and interests of customers.

The government supports the small entrepreneurs by extending financial and technical
assistance, particularly production and marketing.

Safety

First Aid

We do not know when an emergency may occur and therefore we need to know how to
react quickly to such situation. Knowing how to react is essential in applying first aid which is
very crucial.

First Aid is the immediate care given to person who has been injured or suddenly taken
ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical assistance is not yet available or delayed.
Further defined, it is the skilled application of treatment, using facilities or materials available
at the time, that any trained individual gives an ill or injured person while waiting for medical
assistance.

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The first aider deals with the whole situation, the injured person and the injury or illness.
He knows what not to do as well as what to do. He avoids errors that are frequently made by
untrained persons through well-meant but misguided efforts

It is important that we learn how to keep safe and how to get or give first aid. First aid
knowledge and skill can mean the difference between life and death, between temporary and
permanent disability, and between rapid recovery and long hospitalization.

Calamity and Disaster Preparedness

Disasters, whether natural or man-made, have always been a part our lives and we have
learned to live with them by force of nature or by circumstances. Our resiliency to overcome
these difficulties is a symbol of our steadfastness and undaunted ness to rise from the rubbles
and recover from the wrath of nature.

Disaster comes to our lives and com`munities when we least expect them. It is therefore
important to empower ourselves to overcome our vulnerability to disasters and be ready to
cope with any disaster that may occur anytime.

Fire Prevention and Protection

It is imperative that we be thoroughly familiar with what to do in case of fire. Fires

produce thick, dark smoke that irritates the eyes and breathing passage and can cause
confusion. People who have become disoriented in fire have been found in closets, stair-wells
and laundry rooms thinking they were exits.
Fire is considered as one of the leading cause of unintentional death due to injury. Thousands
of people have been injured, many of them hospitalized for severe burns and some disfigured
for life.

The most effective way to protect ourselves and our homes from fire is to prevent a fire
from starting. Identifying and diminishing fire hazards in and around our homes are our first
line of defense.

Crime Prevention

Crime prevention is an act to be done in order that a crime could not happen. It is
through crime prevention where we can lessen crimes in our society. Don’t be a victim. Crime
prevention is everybody’s concern. We have to join hands in order to lessen crime in our
community it not totally eradicate it.

Recreation

Importance of Recreation

When people work the whole day, they become very tired and bored. Their tendency is
to divert their activity in the form of recreation. Recreation is a leisure activity which is done
during free time. It is referred to as a play for the young and diversion for the adults, because

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they are enjoying the activity. It is believed that people occasionally need a break from their
routine activities and therefore providing community and recreational activities would allow
them to develop different skills.

Morals of the Citizenry

Ethics in Politics

Graft and corruption have become institutions in government as they have been practiced
in practically all levels of government including the country’s highest office. Graft and corruption
have become too endemic that the government is losing its moral ascendency to lead its
constituents to the extent that it tends to deceive, bribe or coerce the people to submit to its
rule.

The political marginalization of the poor is a dominant phenomenon at present. The

nature and composition of government is predominantly elite in practically all branches and
levels. This social exclusions of the poor in the slay of political power resulted in their
marginalization and the distribution and allocation of economic resources.

Ethics in Business

The industrial sector, being underdeveloped, cannot provide jobs to the labor surplus.
The growth of the urban poor population has been rapid that comprises the bulk of the informal
sector. Most being unskilled labor, they do not have the competitive edge in the employment
market. Some are lucky enough to be absorbed in construction industries that provide them
seasonal employment. Even those with academic qualification hardly find jobs and end up in the
export labor market. Those who cannot find oversees employment are forced to take jobs for
which they are qualified.

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Name
Course and Section

In this lesson:

1. I learned that… (Knowledge)

2. I felt that… (Value/ Attitude)

3. I developed… (Skill)
 Republic of the Philippines
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Name
Course and Section

Activity 1. Identify and explain the top two (2) social concerns/ issues/ problems in
your community and discuss your possible solution.

Social Concern Why Solution

1.

2.

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Module 4
The Process of Community Immersion

Introduction
Community Immersion is one important requirement of the National Service Training
Program (NSTP) prescribed to students, male or female alike, in private and public higher
education institutions and technical-vocational schools.
This serves as the practicum-based element of the NSTP where lessons learned and
acquired in NSTP 1 are applied. This practicum requirement is essential to all components of
the NSTP.
Community immersion is a strategy in community organizing that is sought to imbibe
among the NSTP trainees a better understanding and realization of the different community
concerns through the exposure on actual life situations specifically in the deprived, depressed
and the underprivileged (DDU) communities.
The NSTP trainees are expected to initiate community-based interventions in the form
of projects and activities meant to address the multi-faceted issues and concerns of the people
in the area of service.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the module, trainees must have:
1. Explain the concept and principles underpinning community immersion.
2. Realized the importance of understanding the dynamics of community immersion as a
way to realize the objectives of NSTP; and
3. Practiced the standard operating procedures and established protocols governing
community immersions.

Discussion

Community Immersion
It is an essential strategy in community organizing work that entails understanding of
the different community concerns, process, dynamics and lifestyle through exposure and
engaging in different activities.

Forms of Integration in Community Immersion

1. Home visits
2. Living with selected families preferably with key informants
3. Informal discussions with individuals and groups
4. Sharing in household and community activities
5. Attendance in social gatherings
6. Assistance in production work

Community partners are nonprofit organizations, public agencies, government offices,

schools, and certain private business where students provide community service as an integral
part of their academic courses

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Examples of Community Partners

1. Parents
2. The youth (in-school or out of school
3. Differently-abled constituents
4. Professionals
5. Members of people’s organizations

Personal Gains for Students in Community Immersion

• Opportunity for students to comprehend people’s lives
• Gain social acceptance derived from community relations
• Enhance experience in conducting surveys and researches
• Establish rapport and relationships with different people
• Develop their conscientization ability
• Acquire first-hand experiences in dealing with community works
• Chance to learn life skills

DOs and DONTs in Community Immersion:

▪ Before
1. Familiarize yourself with the basic information and theories regarding community
life.
2. Secure a waiver from the NSTP office.
3. Always inform your faculty-in-charge of your destination, time table and plan of
action.
4. Be armed with background information about the area of immersion.
5. Pay courtesy call to community leaders, whether formal or informal.
6. Secure documents pertinent to your stay in the community.
7. Be ready with personal provisions.
▪ During
8. Be courteous to everyone.
9. Act properly and discreetly.
10. Wear proper school uniforms and identification cards.
11. Keep your valuables secured.
12. Always document your visit.
13. Always ask permission from concerned people when you have to take photos.

▪ After
14. Validate and evaluate the programs and activities conducted.
15. Submit final documentation outputs to the NSTP Office for records purposes.

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The Extension Creed

by Dr. Y.C. James Yen

Go to the people.
Live with the people. Learn from them.
Plan with them. Work with them.
Start with what they
know. Build on what
they have.
Teach by showing, learn by
doing. Not by showcase but
by pattern. Not odds and
ends but a system.
Not piecemeal but integrated approach.
Not to conform but to transform.
Not relief but release.

The Community Immersion Process

The community immersion process is a series of interrelated and intertwined phases
which commences with the Pre-Immersion followed by entering the Community, Community
Integration, Community Needs Assessment, Program or Project Implementation, and
Termination of the Project

PHASE I PRE-IMMERSION
This phase regards the identification of the community where the students will be
immersed at Area Selection.
1. Groups or communities to be chosen belong to the deprived, depressed
and underprivileged (DDU).
2. Willingness of local groups and community leaders to work with you on
community projects.
3. Anticipated activities and demands fall within your available resources and ability to
meet them.
4. Presence of development agencies and other support institutions providing
assistance to the areas
5. Stable peace and order situations.
6. Accessibility. Successful community immersion also relies on how quickly and how
often you can visit the community

PHASE II ENTERING THE COMMUNITY

To ensure success in entering the community, it is necessary to have community mapping
of the target area.
Angelito G. Manalii in his book Community Organizing for People’s Empowerment (1990),
remarked that there are different ways of entering the community. Similarly, immersion begins
with the initial steps in community organizing. Anchored on Manalili’s concepts, those planning

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to conduct community immersion can enter the community thru: Ostentatious Entry, Banking
on the People’s Weakness, Academic Style of Entry, but the best way is People-Centered
Approach.
Ostentation Entry - Complete people with banner and a general assembly of the
people, the community ushers in the people.
Banking on the People’s Weakness - The outsiders try to find out which aspect is it
that the community will need them for and through this, emphasize on how they could be
helpful.
Academic Style of Entry - Academic institutions field some students into the
community regarding its concerns.
People-Centered Approach - This approach ultimately believes on the capacity of the
community people to participate and acknowledge whether outsider assistance is really needed.

PHASE III COMMUNITY INTEGRATION

Integration is a continuous process wherein the trainees come into direct contact and
become involved with the community people.
Integration may be done through: Border Style, Elitist Style, But the best way is the
People- Centered Method of Living with the People.
Border Style – If the provision allow the trainees may choose to stay and live in the
immersion area for a certain period of time.
Elitist Style – Some trainees tend to stay to key informants and political players during
their stay in the community.
People-centered Style – Is a method of living with the people.

PHASE IV COMMUNITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT

Needs assessment, social analysis or community diagnosis as others refer to, is a

concrete base for the formulation of programs.
Community Needs Assessment defined as the process wherein problems, issues and
concerns of the community are identified through the use of several tools for assessment.

Importance of Needs Assessment

1. Gather information about citizens’ attitudes and options in order to importance.
2. Determine how citizens rank issues, problems and opportunities in order of
importance or urgency.
3. Give citizens a voice in determining policies, goals and priorities.
4. Evaluate current programs and policies.
5. Provide speculations about what people are thinking.
6. Provide speculations about what people really want.

Information to be Included in Assessing Community Needs

1. Historical Development
This refers to data on how the community became what it is today and
provides insights into the kind of resources to collect and weed.
2. Geographical and Transportation Information
This includes information on the community’s patterns and
population contributions.

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3. Political and Legal Functions

This includes strategies for community-based selection {or this may
include strategies that community uses for selecting players in the political
sphere].
4. Demographic Data
This includes data on age characteristics, size, race, and transience,
of population.
5. Economic Data
This refers to the economic base, social, cultural, educational,
recreational organizations. This includes the values and social pattern.

Method in Collecting Data for Community Needs Assessment

1. Focused Group Discussion (FGD) with Key informants. The key informants of the
community are people who hold socially responsible positions such as educators,
public officials, clergy and business representatives or those who are active in
community events.
2. Community Forum/Assembly. This involves holding of group events that may include
the entire community.
3. Public records. Public records like national census will provide data for social and
demographic indicators of the community.
4. Survey. Survey and questionnaires involve asking individuals in the community about
their everyday needs. This can be implemented through the following:
a. Mailing questionnaires to randomly selected members of the community;
b. Performing telephone survey:
c. Handling out surveys while people are in an assembly; and
d. Posting questionnaires on your public access computer catalog.

Steps in Conducting Needs Assessment

1. Establish a working committee to solicit citizen and community involvement and
develop a plan of action.
2. List important aspects that are needed to be looked upon.
3. Identify the population to be surveyed.
4. Determine the information that is needed.
5. Select a random sample of person to survey.
6. Develop and pretest a questionnaire.
7. Collate the information.
8. Analyze the data.
9. Go back to the community for validation of information.
10. Finalize the document.

Community Assistance in Assessing Needs

1. Help identify community groups and citizens to be involved in the working
committee.
2. Facilitate group discussion to identify important issues and set priorities.
3. Help select the sample to be surveyed and design a system to identify respondents.

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4. Provide tested questions from which the working committees choose questions
that address the issues and concerns.
5. Help design a process to distribute and collect survey questionnaires, code, enter
and analyze the resulting data.
6. Provide summary reports of data.
7. Suggest programs to report the results and strategies to solicit community
involvement.
8. Work with citizens to identify courses of action based on the
information. 9.
PHASE V PRGORAM/PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Project implementation deals with the actual execution of the plans. To ensure the
success of the NSTP community service projects performed by the trainees during their
immersion time, the following must be considered:
1. program must be responsive to the needs of the clients;
2. contribute to the upliftment of the living conditions of the clients;
3. maximize the resources available in the community;
4. tap the potentials of the clients and give due recognition;
5. objectives must be SMART with tangible results that touch the lives of the clients;
6. project must be done systematically to ensure significant contributions from pre-
planning, planning stage, implementation and evaluation;
7. complete documentation must be observed as basis for reporting and for future
studies;
8. projects must be within the capacity and concern of the trainees that will allow them
to gain the knowledge, skills and encourage reflective action; and
9. develop shared commitment among the trainees.

Projects must promote civic consciousness imbued with good citizenship values of
Pagkamaka- Diyos, PagkamakaTao, Pagkamaka-Bayan and Pagkamaka-Kalikasan.

PHASE VI TERMINATION OF PROJECTS

NSTP trainees are expected to complete their projects in the community in the span 50-
90 hours as prescribed to the CHED-endorsed Program of Instruction for it to be credited in the
training course. Right at the very start the trainee-implementers must apprise their target
participants of the particulars of the projects undertaken especially in terms of time frame.
 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

1. What is community immersion?

2. Whom do you immerse within the community?

 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

3. What personal gains you will learn from community immersion? And why?

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

Read and reflect

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

How will you respond on the following situation?

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

Activity 2. Conduct a Need Assessment Survey in your community to at least 5 different

persons in your community. You may download the NEED ASSESSMENT FORM via
Facebook Social Learning Classroom or Google Classroom.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

MODULE 5
Social Mobilization – Community Involvement of the NISUans

INTRODUCTION
The activities of the students do not end in community exposures/immersions. After
experiencing real life situations outside the school, they should be mobilized to render
civic/community service. The students are given the opportunity to do actual civic/community
service under the supervision of the teacher- facilitator. Through the different projects planned,
implemented and evaluated by the students themselves, they are expected to become
civic/community minded and socially responsible.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the learners must have:

1. Defined project proposal as basis for implementation of the NSTP activities

in the immersion area.
2. Applied the process of making effective project proposal based on identified needs
of the target clientele
3. Appreciated the value of making effective project proposal in the NSTP program.

Discussion

Project is a time-bound undertaking that is carried out to create a unique service.

Project development involves series of continuous, often overlapping phases. This

cyclical process launches with the survey of felt needs in the locality that will serve as
baseline information in the formulation project or set of projects may be undertaken in an
uninterrupted or staggered manner.

These specific concerns in the development of project can be viewed in a cyclical

presentation of the various phases involved in the process known as project cycle.

Stages of Project Cycle

1. Community needs assessment
2. Project formulation/planning
3. Organization of Resources
4. Implement the project
5. Project monitoring
6. Impact evaluation
7. Review of Action Plan

PROJECT PROPOSAL
It is a guide for both trainees and trainers in attaining tasks while they are in
community immersion. It serves as a basis of designing program of activities and key
instruments and inputs in monitoring and evaluating the projects to be undertaken
in the community.
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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Parts of Project Proposal

1. Title - It must capture the need and present the name of clientele to be
served. It must be catchy to the readers.
2. Project Proponents - This enumerates the name of persons to be
involved in the project, year level, rank, and contact numbers
3. Implementing Units/Implementers. It must be noted that in writing this part
of proposal, capital letters must be used to differentiate from the project
proponents.
4. Project duration - Specify days, weeks, and months needed to complete
the project.
5. Objectives of the Project - It must be written in operational terms on what
you intend to do to solve identified problem related to the project.
6. Project Description
a. Background of the project - This part requires at least 3 paragraph
that provide realistic background of the project describing and
modifying issues/ problems that have influenced the identification of
the project.
b. Justification of the Project – discuss the importance of the prepared
project in solving or providing action to help solve existing problems
inherent to project.
c. Benefits derived from the project – This reflect the advantages or
benefits that the activity will bring about when it is implemented.
d. Coverage – The area or vicinity covered by the project and the
type of clients to be served should be reflected in the proposal.
-
7. Methodology - this part cites the activities or strategies that
should be undertaken in order to achieve the objectives of the
project.
8. Detailed Budgetary Requirements - the budgetary requirement of all
activities must be considered.
9. Detailed of schedule activities.

Date Time Activity/ies Person’s Involved

01/09-20/08 No particular Start end of Merged Line 4 and 5
preparation for
Project
implementation
01/14/08 No particular Deadline of all All
learning materials

01/21/08 10:00 - 10:30 AM Start of lecture

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

In this module:

1. I learned that… (Knowledge)

2. I felt that… (Value/ Attitude)

3. I developed… (Skill)

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Activity 1. With the nature of NSTP-CWTS 2 program, assess yourself and your resources, then start
deciding for your project. Fill in the following information and answer the questions and consideration by
filling up the table.

Name
Course and Section
Location
Proposed Project
Considerations/ Questions Self-Analysis
1. Is the project aligned to my skills Yes Why?
and capabilities? No

2. Is the project aligned to my Yes

discipline? No

3. Is the project doable within three (3) Yes

weeks? No

4. Is the project feasible in our house Yes

or community? No

5. Will I devote my time in the project? Yes

No

6. How much will I spend to the entire

project implementation?

7. Do I need help I need help (family Yes

members other people in the No
community) in implementing the
project?
8. Am I happy in implementing the Yes
project? No

9. Can I ammply NISU Core Values and Yes

missionary spirit in the project? No

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

10.What is the expected impact to

yourself, family or community of the
project?

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Activity 2. Using the process of making project proposal as a way of formulating projects and activities,
select one specific area or topic for your project.

Considers the steps below:

1. Title
2. Project Proponent
3. Project Implementers
4. Project Duration
5. Objectives of the Project
6. Project Description
a. Background
b. Justification of the Projects
c. Benefits derived from the Project
d. Coverage of the Project
7. Methodology
8. Detailed Budgetary Requirements
9. Detailed Schedule of Activities

Be sure to answer the following questions in writing your proposal

✓ Why are you doing this project?
✓ What will you be doing?
✓ How will you be doing it?
✓ Who will be doing it?
✓ Where will it be done?
✓ How long will it take?
✓ How much will it cost?

SAMPLE

I. Project Title
Life Construction through Community Cooperation
(A Project on Waste Management and Nature Appreciation)

II. Project Proponent

Leader : Maria Labo

Members :

III. Implemeting Units and Implementers

NSTP-CWTS
Team Life

IV. Project Duration

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

4 consecutive Saturdays; May 4-25,2019/ 8 AM-12 PM

V. Project Objectives
The general purpose of the project is to improve the environment of the
locality.
Toward this end, the following objectives are set:

1. To maintain the cleanliness in the barangay

2. To imbibe the importance of cleanliness among the participants.
3. To increase the awareness of the resident on the advantages of proper waste
disposal and segregation.
4. To solicit the support of the residents in maintaining the cleanliness and
greenness of the surroundings

VI. Project Description

Imagine how the surroundings took place before. You can breathe fresh air, see
greenish surroundings and of course taste clear water. Nowadays, can you still observe
these things? Maybe in some but most of the places in this day and age are
already polluted and deforested. The air that was once fresh is now full of pollutants
such as smoke and dust. The surrounding that was once greenish become all
cemented. The water that was once clear became blurred and dirty. One of the causes
of this is the improper waste disposal. For instances, most people believed that
throwing a single candy wrapper is not a big deal. But take a closer look on the
situation and analyzed it. If most people throw a candy wrapper once a day
simultaneously, do you still think that it was not a big deal? Of course it isn’t. Those
candy wrappers that were thrown would piled a big trash and become a problem in
the community. It might be stuck on the drainage and backfire when a heavy rain
comes then flood the community. Trees can be a lifesaver but since the trees that
once stood there were all cut, it would be impossible to absorb the water using its
roots. Simple mistakes may result to big damage. Thus, a proper waste management
is necessary. Segregation of garbage, recycling, collecting of waste materials and
proper waste disposal are just a few ways to properly manage your wastes.
Meanwhile, the surrounding that was once greenish full of grasses and tall trees have
become as dull as a rock. The green grasses that once were all over the place have
all turned to cemented roads. Deforestation and urbanization are the main cause of
this. For example, cutting trees illegally for their own convenience such as making
furniture and papers that in the end would just go to waste since most of the people
doesn’t know how to conserve and toss is it however and whenever they want to.
This mostly results landslide at mountainous area. Since trees that were supposed to
uphold the land together and prevent extensive erosion were all cut down. Floods
can also be the one of the consequences that people may experience in the future if
this negligent attitude still goes on. Trees also help in preventing floods using it roots
by absorbing the water. The water that could be harmful becomes useful with the
plants as they absorb it as part of their own. Also trees are one of the heroes in the
fight against global warming and deforestation. They are what we call super weapons.
That’s how great and magnificent the nature is. If people would not just disturb the
balance in its system, it would be a great result. If people just follow the law about
for every one tree that was cut, at least 3 seedlings should be planted to replace the
tree that was cut, it would be a life saver.
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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Maintaining the balance in the ecosystem, would bring forth fortune and not a disaster.
This project would help the residents had the lack of initiative to do the
segregation of waste, for those people who already have a background about it. The
residents also had the lack of the initiative to the cleaning of the road side. Thus, a
clean- up drive would probably fit the program that would be conducted at the
locality. Also
wall-painting program would fit in the projects since most off the walls were vandalized
and is already old and dirty. Also, painting the walls would probably give of a better
aura, an aura of cleanliness and orderliness in the Barangay.
Feeding Program and Gift-giving Program would also be conducted in order to
give thanks to the community participation in the project. Since most of the families
contain children, specifically ranging from ages 4-12 years old, and mostly have a
physical appearance of being skinny a feeding program and a gift-giving would
probably be beneficial. Also most of the families have a low monthly income,
programs like theses would be advantageous.

VII. Methodology

The project is the maintenance of cleanliness and orderliness and nature

appreciation in Barangay Lourdes. The approach of it is to help the community in
maintaining the cleanliness and orderliness of the community together with
appreciating the natures worth in their barangay. In this project, there are several
programs that would be implemented.
Clean-Up Drive Program. It is a program where the CWTS-students would
voluntarily clean and aid the barangay officials regarding their project on Clean and
Green Projects within the locality of the barangay. Segregation of waste would also be
done in the process. Road Clean-up is the main highlight of the Clean and Green
Project of the barangay. Cleaning the streets of the locality would also be done.
Wall Painting Program. Wall painting program is a program in which CWTS-
students would willingly paint the government infrastructures, walls and posts within
the locality of the barangay, especially those walls that were vandalized and were
already too old and dirty. Painting them would make it looks like a new one and has
better atmosphere of being clean and orderly.
Tree Planting Program. Tree planting program is a program that advocates
nature appreciation. In this program planting seedlings would be done in order to
increase the amount of trees in the locality. The seedlings to be used were provided
by the barangay. A mahogany seed would be planted, since it less expensive and
easy to cultivate. As said in the gathered information, trees are beneficial for us since
it does not only prevent floods and landslides but also help prevents the worsening
results of Global Warming. This program would be implemented in the barangay at
the site that the barangay officials would permit the students to the planting.
Lecture-Seminar Program. A Lecture-Seminar Program would also be
implemented. This program is mainly for children. In this lecture-seminar the children
will be thought mainly of how to recycle and how to become an earth friendly citizen.
The first part of the lecture would be waste management skills. Video clips were to be
shown. A CWTS-Student would also be the one discussing the video clips that were
shown. The second part of the lecture would be about Recycling. A game will be
included so that the children would not be bored and still enjoy the seminar. These
games will also be connected to recycling and becoming earth friendly citizen.
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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Film Showing. A film showing would also be conducted. The theme of the
movie would be about nature appreciation it would be shown to participants that were
composed of children ranging from ages 4-10 years old. The title of the movie is
Simpsons the Movie. This movie is about how Homer, the father and the of the
Simpsons Family, recklessly throw his trash on the river that caused a big dilemma
that become a national problem. This movie shows the consequences of improper
waste management and negligent in our nature. In lieu with this, participants would
be aware about the danger of an improper waste management and the consequences
they would encounter if they would face it in the future.
Feeding Program. A feeding program would also be implemented in the
barangay. The participants would be children ranging from ages 4-10 years old. A
chicken porridge would be served. Pack with nutritious and delicious ingredients. One
egg would be included per serving. And a tetra juice would also be included for a whole
pack meal.

Gift Giving Program. A Gift-Giving Program will be conducted in the barangay after
the feeding program. A small gift of token from the CWTS-students fund raising would
be given to the children for participating in the program that the CWTS-students
implemented.

VIII. Budgetary Requirements

Transportation 500.00
Clean-up Drive (note 1) 525.00
Feeding Program(note 2) 1,270.00
Gift Giving(note 3) 3,200.00
Total 5,495.00

Note 1
Items Price Quality Total
Broom 30.00 10 300.00
Dustpan 25.00 3 75.00
Garbage bag 5.00 20 150.00
Total 525.00

Note 2
Items Price Quality Total
Eggs 4.00 100 400.00
Chicken 150.00 1 kg 150.00
Rice 30.00 10kg 300.00
Juice 6.00 70 420.00
Total 1,270.00

Note 3
Items Price Quality Total
Sardines 10.00 100 1,000.00
Noodles 7.00 100 700.00

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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
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Rice 30.00 50 1,500.00

Total 3,200.00

IX. Schedule of Activity/ies

Person
Date Time Activity
Concerned
1:00 - 5:00 PM Clean-up Drive All
02/06/16
(Cleaning around the Barangay)
7:00 – 9:00 AM Packing of Goods All
9:00 – 10:00 AM Preparation of the venue All
10:00 – 12:00 AM I. Opening Prayer All
II. National Anthem
III. 1st Lecture Topic (Nature
02/07/16 Appreciation)
IV. 2nd Lecture Topic (Recycling)
1:00 - 3:30 PM Film Showing All
3:30 - 4:30 PM Feeding Program All
4:30 - 5:30 PM Gift Giving Program All
7:00 – 9:00 AM Clean and Green Project All
02/08/16 9:00 – 12:00 AM Tree Planting All
1:00 – 5:00 PM Wall painting All

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

MODULE 6
Implementation, Monitoring, Evaluation and Documentation: Social
Mobilization – Community Involvement of the NISUans
Introduction

The activities of the students do not end in community exposures/immersions. After

experiencing real life situations outside the school, they should be mobilized to render
civic/community service. The students are given the opportunity to do actual civic/community
service under the supervision of the teacher- facilitator. Through the different projects planned,
implemented and evaluated by the students themselves, they are expected to become
civic/community minded and socially responsible.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the learners must have:

4. Implemented community projects.
5. Monitored, Evaluated and Documented the community projects undertaken.

Discussion

We believe on the worth of the individual as a responsible, participating member of the

society, and as such, are concerned with human organization and development process. The
management and implementation of development programs and projects are intended to
actively mobilize the people of the communities to collectively translate their ideas into concrete
realities. It is to help the people of the communities to employ the right methods to organize
self-help initiatives and to develop techniques relevant to their own situation for progress.
Community Organizing. If project development and management is geared towards
promoting capability building, empowerment and self-reliance, it is but imperative that the
process starts with organizing the community. This should be the case because the
participation of the people can never be strong and decisive if they are not organized, if they
are not united.
Social Analysis. In the planning and management of development projects, social
analysis of the community is specifically focused on the problems, needs and potentials of the
people which will help them in the systematic identification of potential projects which can
help solve their problems and meet their needs.
Project Identification. Project identification gains meaning as the people discover
potential projects which can help change oppressive conditions in their community and respond
sensitively to their problems and needs. That is precisely why, just as in the earlier steps in
participatory project development and management, we want the people to take the lead role
in identifying development projects. We want them, based on their own analysis of their
conditions, to identify the development projects feasible in their community.
Feasibility Study Preparation. There are numerous projects which can possibly help
solve the people’s problems and meet their needs. But in doing studies on development projects,
we want the people to be critical in their decision-making as to what projects would be
implemented.
Project Selection and Approval. At this stage in the process of planning and
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NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
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San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

management of development projects, we want the people to decide. Just as in the preceding
steps, we want the
people to decide what projects they want to implement in their community. Their decision will
be guided by their own feasibility studies of the development projects.
Once the people have already selected and approved the projects which they will
implement, we want them to prepare a proposal and plan for implementing the project. At this
stage, the people must also prepare for the project implementation by having a clear-cut work
plan and division of responsibilities among the members. It should be kept in mind that the
active involvement of the people must be as extensive as possible. The whole organization must
be motivated and encouraged to decide and act for the project’s realization.
The proposed project now is ready for implementation.

What is Project Implementation?

Project Implementation. In implementing the project, we want to see the people
taking the lead role. At this stage in the process of planning and managing development projects,
the actual participation of the people shall be fully harnessed in meeting their objectives. As it
has been in the earlier steps, this is also a developmental process in a continuum of action-
reflection-action.

What is Project Management and Sustenance?

Project Management and Sustenance. Once completed, the project must be
continually managed and sustained. The project must serve as an avenue for the people’s
continuing capability building, self-reliance and empowerment.
What we want to happen is for the people to know and continuously search for more
effective ways of doing things. We want them to discover innovative ways of organizing their
tasks and collectively pursuing them.
If the project is intended to increase the income of the members of the organization, what
we want to see is a situation where, no matter how meager, benefits derived from the project
are divided equitably to those who labor to make the project a success.

What is Project Monitoring and Evaluation?

Project Monitoring and Evaluation. In this activity, we want the people to monitor
and evaluate their project. Monitoring and evaluation are done so that the people can periodically
discuss and act timely enough on whatever problems they may encounter in the project’s
implementation and management. In short, monitoring the project is intended to improve on
the project’s implementation and management and make it more systematic and meaningful.
We also want the people to evaluate the project. We want them to have a critical self-
awareness about their strengths and weaknesses. In the course of their evaluation, we want
to reinforce their confidence on their own capabilities.
What is Documentation?
Documentation is the process of classifying and annotating texts, photographs, videos and etc. that
provides official information or evidence or that serves as a record. In here you will be needing a camera or
your smart phones to take photos and record videos.
Every stages of the project must be documented.

(Source: A. Manaliili, Participatory Project Development and Management, Manila: Kapatiran-

Kaunlaran, Inc., 1990)

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

In this lesson:

1. I learned that… (Knowledge)

2. I felt that… (Value/ Attitude)

3. I developed… (Skill)

hy Lesson Planning is important in delivering a lesson?

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY
NISU AJUY CAMPUS
San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo

Name
Course and Section

Download the PROJECT MONITORING FORM and supply the needed data via Social Leaning
Classroom or Google Classroom

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