Achitectune Of DBMS

The DBMS design depends uPon its Arechitecture

are Users
DBMS anchitecUne dePencds yPon
et
ho w

there rtegvest done.

connected
to the database to
Type
Arcchitetune

gtire
Arrchitectune 2-tir
ArzChHecturre
ArchiteLtone

Can be seen as S ngletiere Or

Database archltecturte
multi Eiee
2-tiee an d 3-ine qnch[4e Ctue

1- tire ArcchiteCtune

anchitectudethe datab ate is rectly auajlable

1n thls
means he Vser Can dËrecly Slt o00n the!
to th Se t
DBMS and ses it - onthe
will. di recely be cone
Any changes don e herne a handy tool
database itself It do esne froovid e
for end vsets
The l- [iee cLrechiteture Is used fore develofmen t OF
the lolal aPpieation Whene Programmeras Can
the
dinectly commUnt Cate oith the daabas e for
uick nesponse

9. tl er Arzchitectue

The 2- Tier Arrchiteture is Same s basll Client - Sseravee.

The sereaterfaces and aPPli ation Progrta s are
On theCient- side
[he servea slde s espongd bl e to Arovtde the
funceicn alitie s ke: Queny Preocessing and trtansact'on
manag emen t
To ommuni (ate olth the D8Ms. Chent - Sldelafrlatia,
es tablishes a ometion eot th the seresere slde

Data base S4stem Servee

APPICatfon
C|ient
fusere

fi: 2- tlere Are Chi tedune

3- tiere Arechltectune
The B- tíer architetone (at alns anothere layere
betweo0 eAient 4nd Ser vey ln thls achtetume
Cadt dinetly (ommenicate with the serevere
 [he Cien4 -en d interalts with
aPeliCation the
fur ther
An Servere. 0hich
aPPicatlo n 4he clatahase System
Comm dnicates
3-7er, anchit oclue ts used in case or
The
lan geeb aPplleation

Da tabese Serv er

APPllCa tion Server

APPli Cation CIrent etient

Vsere

ER Mode

ER mode) for an Entity - Relationsh'p

tands fore mo del
14 is a Conceptva) model thak 9ives the grafhla)
rePreSen tation Of the lo9ical stwltore Of the
databas e
Ex (name
addrecs

f6tudegt
(9e
School data ba e
 ComPonen{ or ER models ane Entity 4trcjbvte Relation

An ent refers t0 any

an9 objet
An entit MAy be any obiect , class, Persn
Place
In he
the ER
tR dtagram , anan ent/
ent/ can be repreesentpcl

10 a School atabase teathere an d tu dents qre tho

entt
Enttty set
An Entitg s an obifct of
oF bre anda set oA
Enfity ype
all Etttes cailed an entity set

FEntity see)
Thene ane 2tyPe of Entity (4) Striong EAtl4y
(b) weak EntI
(0) Stron Entita
4 Is a tyee of entity bhat has a key attreibute.
It doesno depend on 0there entit4 0n the Schema
Prel marng Key, that hee in identifyig t
and it is refn esente dyiectang 1ec )
yaigu ely and
Also KOOwn as Par ent ore Ouonone
(b) weak En
- In this entitg ke attrtbvte an'2 be doer
desined
etangieC )
- Reor esented by dooble
Aso kno on as sub°po tine orc Chf)d.

IEX
EmPloyo e eendarts

Geak Entig)
Relation shif

A Relaton.shi P s sed o descei be the relatlon

represent he
Diamond ore rh ombus is used to
relationshlP

Stvdent
stodent
There ane Qtype Of Relationshlp
() Stong RelatlonshiP
b) weak Relattonshie

a)34rtong RelatiaAshe
A Strong Relationsbip aist between 2strong
entiyset
Reeresented by sing slagle Dianond(
( Weak Relationshi't

- AA weak Relationhif erist between the stron9 and

weak entty sot
relNeS ented do vble Diamond )

Degrte of Relationshle set

The numbere of diffenent entty sets Parti C0 Pating in
a telatonshi P $et is (ajled 4he degree of Relationship
Set
Vnay Relationshid

1when there s oy one entity set Par tici Pating in a

relation

Emp

2) BinaMg Relation Shl

when thee is 2 en tl4ies sel Pareti c Pating ina

fn
rnelation shP is cqled a blnary rtelatfon Ship
Teachere teaches sudnl

feacher teac hes

 3) -Qny Relatlonsh'e

When 4h ere ar e n-e

n titi es
telation
Car dlnalg
Of an ntiy se
na eela 4tonShles kngan as
Caredi nalitg
One- to -one
An entty in set " Can be assodat ed colth atmest
One pntity in set'ancd an entity tnset '! (anbe
associat ed oith atmost one eotit In see

bnp-to- mang
An entlty in se'h" (an be assodla ted olth any
en tity in Se 'a'! and
can be CsSolated th atma
one entity io Set A
A

b
 One
Many

An entity in ser'y " (an be assocl ated alth at most one

Enthy in set'o'" ond an eott entity in ser'e" Can be assclated
in spt'a '"
B

fa
b
4

marg many
An eatity to
to seA ann be acSodtu ted th any ndmber
4nd qn ertiy n set ' Can be
assocdated olth any
A

ABtrzibutes
These ane dhe Pnoperey that detin e, the eatt ty2e

keyAttibute

The
the entity set is cqWed key attaibute
Reeneseted by an oVal cdth vodealyiag
Ex! Roll- ND
 att
An at ta'bute (omPOsed D Mang othyras
attei'bute.
cqled a combse
(name(M. ame
name
Dam

is rPPrr Psentod by an 0 Val (om frelsing ano

DVal

Multi Valwed Areibute

cttelbute fondst of morp than one valyen
An
for a given entlty
1t sS aPresont hu
by a dovble ova I

4erived Attrelbute
An attre bste Can be deraved Frtom Other attts

1t S epnes ested by dash ed qva1

Agei
Generali Zati o n and SAecializatlon

Generca2tion
ortks in Bot tom- Op aPprto cach
ln thlS Proless the onon of 2
entity Sets to Podut e a highprc level entity Se
(Om bn e Swblasse s dO fotm Suf erClauser
There s s ae iDheol4ante tn Aenecali?
si2e a SChena et redot es
nONnall y apYd to 9roop OA nfit)es APRrodch
iP
Bottom
Ttome? MBND

Perso n

SPatlent
Studene
Nane) MO BNY
3Peia24t/og
w0dks (n top- daon aProach
His ev erse of heneraizqtlon , i s a PraoleSOE Aking
a stbsp t of a highpre lpyol entit Set to forn a

There tokgrit ao e in Speializat/Dn.

thls Si2e Of schena inceases
we can gpply SPecaliZa i0n to d sale enti
 ToR- don
akerodCh

Connent-ALe
(Transactio)
Balane)
ACL-No)
ACoont

Ralante
SavingAcc -

(&atane
t2/De
Orcale, SaL, My
Vers
an
t
disk On
disk
tab/es
o)
lo temePlresis
bre
storlel
in isData Stored is Data
petrziNal
am
Pror
aplilatbn fnon oHljecive
on. En ata 9indengndene Data MAln
tofhod me 4s well as
igHdnd
Data ony Stres RDEMS Data
data1tstores
RDBMS
than data (onplex data Simple Cofplaltg
dan
lartyor Hadlles vely(onParati Hqndles Data
Data
enties stoting
as data Stotes ndata
i Store ofhay
8MS Ordented Ob)(t DBMS Relationl ghsi
Orlenteo
D8MS Oelented Obiect danBs Relatlon
D a)
 Noremaki Latlon ancd TyPe

Norenalizatlog the Proless Of

s the Oreganjzig the
in thedatabse
Nornalizatios s sed do mininl2 e the redudany
Crorn,
also sed to elimioate vodesiabe
CharaCtelstlcs like Inser tlon pdate an d
Deletion Anmaii s
The used to Heduie Nedvdancy From
the atabase table
The ne arte Severql type of nortnal foen ..

A elation tont )ns an

atomi c Value
Ex EmP-1D Wame Phone
JOhn 9292326335, 3S999394)
2 Hany 406493 7237
3 Sm 93 40 39237
Notn
the tabe (onvent o
nane Phon e
Joho 22727263 3s
John 3S 4493 3342
2 Hartg 40 6439237
3 Su m
3903g2339.
b) Qot
A elafion is 24 fo teation already extst a
Ae Rctia depdeny exlst n the nela tlon.

Partat dePendeny
I is a depend ency ahae fes attdbut of Candidot e
deleains non- Prtine, attribut e
Ex: A derwes B is Caled Pgntlal eRn deng (E
A iS a sobsetOt Some candl dote key and Bs a
non Prein e atlnibvte.
EX
Subiet
DB MS 30
30
DS
2 35
3

Hene non Aruae qttibuie a9e s doppdont on

gDSo it olate he 2A nle
So we delonpose the tqbl e into
SObse4.
1 30 Dms
2 35 DS
3 33 2
3 0oPS
3f
A Relation
and no transaction dePesde ny
attoU4e.
 in
extst
dprenden
Qlready
table
ais
foen)
Norenal
(Boodd )
& aa)
foncHon
the
kof
keg
n3Af
asoPlre, eveng
Pese,
so
if
es is 4nd
A t
ADdthe
tlon
thes rela is
X
E A
 centralleed and iDstrboted Data base
IE i3 CA
Dist/buted
Der database that IS
stotedy ocated
mlntain ecd at a Single databa[e ohlch an
(oatlon only Co mecled th ea ch
othera an d qme sead
alrass dIflormt Piaste
10ca tlon
Paovlde aonfotnond
Cmplee Ued to the Spe.
to the VSe
fatlve The wer cannot accessthe ina dislaib/ted datakse
databae tn case of databag 1f one datasuje Fails
User ave a s

CosL A. centeal| 2ed datase is The. databi e ls veny

ex PensV e

Cficiet it 's

kesponse Rectonse Sleed smone Response SReed l

sPeed 1ess

Integltg of data, RUMty HA Percfornanl ,

quai
Data is easily Porttq br e
Inddedent antroloPre
and
node
eass
reoones
 4desktoP or Servere
Apache Igol4e,
Exanies cPU,A manfrqn2 clustere Polat
Foun da tion Dg ele

Queny pretEsslas

QUeny processing s the Process trantating

Such as
cs SQL
sa (nto cloy-level
hih tfue! upry

This nWolues Pansng, Valdating and oPlnizing thE

20 eng, as well as genPratlng a 2very erecutioy Plan

A 4Ueny exetution Plan s aseguerre of otpratloo

that tA e data b41 e Syen Peroon ns to eteV? the
data eeested b) the 2ueny