INTRODUCTION:
Cricket is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players each. It is a
bat-and-ball game played on a roughly oval grass field, in the centre of which is
a flat strip of ground 20.12 m (22 yards) long, called a pitch. At each end of
the pitch is a set of wooden stumps, called a wicket. Note that, rather
confusingly, the pitch itself is also often referred to as the wicket. A player from
the fielding team (the bowler) propels a hard, fist-sized cork-centred leather
ball from one wicket towards the other. The ball usually bounces once before
reaching a player from the opposing team (the batsman), who defends the
wicket from the ball with a wooden cricket bat. The batsman may then run
between the wickets, exchanging ends with another batsman (the "non-
striker"), who has been standing in an inactive role near the bowler's wicket, to
score runs. The remainder of the bowlers' team stand in various positions
around the oval as fielders.
There are two innings in a game for each team when one team play the role of
fielding two players of another team are on the ground for playing the role of
batting. It is decided before the match which team will play batting first or
bowling first. Before the game, both team’s captains came in-ground and flip a
coin for toss winner of toss select their first role for the match (Batting or
Fielding). The length of the game — certain test matches can last six or more
hours a day, for up to five days — the many intervals for lunch and tea and the
abundance of specialised terminology are notable aspects that can often
confuse those not familiar with the cricket. There are 4 umpires for giving
correct decisions at different roles Two umpires are on the ground umpire and
the third umpire looks all things via computerized cams or take decision when
ground umpire fails to take the decision or the fourth umpire plays the role of
reserve umpire he is performing duties like test the ball or bring the new ball or
carrying drinks for ground umpires or support of all umpires for their work.
Cricket has been an established team sport for several centuries. It originated
in its modern form in England and is popular mainly in the present and former
members of the Commonwealth. In some countries in South Asia, including
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, cricket is by far the most popular
sport. Cricket is also a major sport in England and Wales, Australia, New
Zealand, South Africa, Zimbabwe and the English-speaking countries of the
Caribbean, which are collectively known in cricketing parlance as the West
Indies. There are also well established amateur club competitions in countries
as diverse as the Netherlands, Kenya, Nepal, and Argentina (see also:
International Cricket Council). The sport is followed with passion in many
different parts of the world. It has even occasionally given rise to diplomatic
outrage, the most notorious being the Basil D'Oliveira affair which led to the
banning of South Africa from sporting events. Other examples include the
Bodyline series played between England and Australia in the early 1930s, an
event that almost meant diplomatic ties were severed with England or the
1981 underarm bowling incident involving Australia and New Zealand.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS AND TECNIQUES:
BATTING:
Batting is the act or skill of hitting the ball with a bat to score runs and prevent
the loss of one's wicket. Batting tactics and strategy vary depending on the type
of match being played as well as the current state of play. The main concerns
for the batters are not to lose their wicket and to score as many runs as quickly
as possible. These objectives generally conflict—to score quickly, risky shots
must be played, increasing the chance that the batter will be dismissed, while
the batter's safest choice with a careful wicket-guarding stroke may be not to
attempt any runs at all. Depending on the situation, batters may abandon
attempts at run-scoring in an effort to preserve their wicket, or may attempt to
score runs as quickly as possible with scant concern for the possibility of being
dismissed.
Some basic skill required by a batsman:
He should try to save his cricket by the bat.
Avoid the ball which hits to legs.
Avoid playing aerial shots as this can result in batsmen getting caught and
dismissed.
He should have perfect guidance when to take a run.
Hit the ball by prefect chooses of shot, timing, and strength.
Types of batting shots:
Vertical-bat strokes: Vertical-bat or straight-bat shots can be played off either
the front foot or the back foot depending upon the anticipated height of the
ball at the moment it reaches the batter. The characteristic position of the bat
is a vertical alignment at the point of contact. Vertical-bat shots are typically
played with the batter's head directly above the point of contact, so he is able
to accur
ately judge the line of the ball.
Defensive shot: A block stroke is usually a purely defensive stroke designed to
stop the ball from hitting the wicket or the batter's body. This shot has no
strength behind it and is usually played with a light or soft grip and merely
stops the ball moving towards the wicket. A block played on the front foot is
known as a forward defensive, while that played on the back foot is known as a
backward defensive.
Leg glance: A leg glance is a delicate straight-batted shot played at a ball aimed
slightly on the leg side, using the bat to flick the ball as it passes the batter, and
requiring some wrist work as well, deflecting towards the square leg or fine leg
area. The stroke involves deflecting the bat-face towards the leg side at the last
moment, head and body moving inside the line of the ball.
Flick shot: A flick shot is a straight-batted shot played on the leg side by flicking
a full-length delivery using the wrists. It is often also called the clip off the legs.
The shot is playing with the bat coming through straight as for the on drive, but
the bat face is angled towards the leg side. It can be played both off the front
foot or the back foot, either off the toes or from the hips. The shot is played
between the mid-on and square leg region.
Bowling:
Bowling, in cricket, is the action of propelling the ball toward the wicket
defended by a batter. A player skilled at bowling is called a bowler; a bowler
who is also a competent batter is known as an all-rounder. Bowling the ball is
distinguished from throwing the ball by a strictly specified biomechanical
definition, which restricts the angle of extension of the elbow. A single act of
bowling the ball towards the batsman is called a ball or a delivery. Bowlers
bowl deliveries in sets of six, called an over. Once a bowler has bowled an over,
a teammate will bowl an over from the other end of the pitch. There are
different types of bowlers, from fast bowlers, whose primary weapon is pace,
through swing and seam bowlers who try to make the ball deviate in its course
through the air or when it bounces, to slow bowlers, who will attempt to
deceive the batter with a variety of flight and spin. A spin bowler usually
delivers the ball quite slowly and puts spin on the ball, causing it to turn at an
angle while bouncing off the pitch.
Some basic skill required by a bowler:
In swing: It moves in towards the batsman and away to the leg side.
Grip in similar to that of outswinger.
Shiny side in facing the off side with the seam vertical and pointing towards
fine leg.
Fingers are closer together on top of the seam than for the outswinger.
Front foot further down to the wicket keeping offside, eyes looking down the
pitch from inside front arm.
Present more of your chest to the batsman prior to delivery and use your left
side less.
Arm comes down the right side of body instead of going across it. This helps to
generate the swing towards leg.
In swinger in a relatively easy ball to bowl but it demands a high degree of
accuracy.
Right arm comes closer to the head at the time of release.
Out Swing: The ball moves away in the air to the off side bowled
handed batsman.
Right Seam vertical and pointing in the direction
of first slip.
First and second fingers are positioned either side of the seam or right side of
thumb at the
bottom.
Third finger is used to support.
Shiny side of the ball in pointing to the onside.
Foot work and other mechanism is same as in basic.
Types of bowling :
Full toss: A kind of delivery by the bowler that reaches the batsman without
bouncing on the pitch.
Yorker: A ball bounced very close to the batsman's crease. This is difficult to
score from and often gets batsman out, but is difficult to bowl without
accidentally bowling a full toss.
Feilding:
In the 21st century fielding is a key point to winning the match a player
required more hard work, practice, and flexibility to become a good fielder.
Being a good fielder, he should have more flexibility, and body right behind the
ball. He must have judgment where the going for a catch fielder eye must to on
batsman strictly, he should look at all the activities performed by the batsman
to react to catch the ball. A good fielder should have great concentration even
when the team field is out of the blazing sun for more than five hours. A team
should have a good fielding side to win more matches for his country a good
fielder saves more runs and force him to come in under pressure. Fielding is an
important part of cricket fielding creates pressure that wins many matches.
Nowadays the standard of fielding is on a top-level. Every player of any team is
a great fielder because of their fitness and flexibility.
Close Catching: Close catches are mostly taken in attacking field positions close
to the bat such as the slips or in the gully.
Technique
• Try to come under the ball as early as possible.
• The palms of the hands are slightly cupped and should be facing the line of
the ball.
• The palms should make a wide and relaxed cup with the fingers pointing
upward and the
thumbs touching each other.
• The hands should naturally give in with the ball.
• The catch will be completed just to one side of the head.
• The body weight is slightly back with the knee slightly bent and the front leg
almost straight
with the toe raised.
• The head and the eyes will be watching the ball entering the hands.
Catching in outfield: Also known as high catches. It is a fielding skill used to
catch ball which is
above waist.
Technique
• Get under the line of the ball as soon as possible.
• Get perfectly balanced and keep the hand still and both the eyes intensely
watching theball.
• Open the hands and fingers and keep the hands as close as possible. Do not
keep the fingers
and palms stiff, keep them relaxed. It is safer to catch in the base of the fingers
rather than
the palms of the hands.
• Try to catch the ball at eye level.
• When the ball is about to touch the hands, which have been formed into a
cup, get
them down towards the chest and at the same time fold the fingers around the
ball.
Long Barrier: Long barrier is a fielding skill where the player rushes towards the
ball, collect it and quickly throws or returns the ball.
Technique
• Intercept the line of the ball as early as possible that is not only in line but
into it.
• Turn sideways in the last stride with the right foot landing at a right angle to
the ball.
• Go down by bending both the knees and hip so that the ball is received in
both the hands
just in front of the right foot.
• The body weight is on the right foot and the left foot heel is raised
• The fingers of both the hands pointing downwards.
• The head is in line of the oncoming ball with the eyes remaining on the ball
till it enters the
hands. Do not look up till the ball is entered finally. In the hands.
• The left foot stays away to maintain the necessary balance
Wicket keeper:
Wicketkeeper plays an important role in cricket good wicket-keeper can save a
number of runs for his teams. His function is to stop deliveries, which the
batsman unable to play or passed by batsman wicket-keeper is the god in
cricket because he can dismiss the batsman in various ways. The first way is
when the bowler ball to a batsman and when it got an edge of the bat and
keeper caught it before it, bouncer.
The wicket-keeper position is the best position then other fielders for high air
caught, he can easily catch that he sought another way to dismiss a batsman
for the wicketkeeper. When the batsman miss to play the shot and he comes
out of the crease wicketkeeper caught the ball and fall bails from the stumps
and at last when the balls hit the outfield wicket-keeper come closer to the
stumps and receive the ball and run out if it’s possible.
Tournaments: 1 page
Indian cricketers: 1 page
Ms dhoni:
Mahendra Singh Dhoni; born 7 July 1981) is an Indian professional cricketer. He
was captain of the Indian national team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to
2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014. Dhoni is widely considered one of
the greatest cricket captains, wicket-keeper-batsman and finishers in the
history of cricket. He plays as a right-handed wicket-keeper-batsman and is
known for his calm captaincy and his ability to finish matches in tight
situations. He is also the current captain of Chennai Super Kings in the Indian
Premier League. Dhoni received India's highest sports honour, the Major
Dhyanchand Khel Ratna Award in 2008 for his outstanding achievements and
the Government of India honoured him India's fourth civilian award Padma Shri
in 2009 and third civilian award Padma Bhushan in 2018. He is the only cricket
captain in the world to win all three of the Cricket World Cup, ICC Men's T20
World Cup and ICC Champions Trophy.
Virat Kohli:
Virat Kohli; born 5 November 1988 is an Indian international cricketer and the
former captain of the Indian national cricket team. Widely regarded as one of
the greatest batsmen in the history of the sport,[4] he plays for Royal
Challengers Bangalore in the IPL and Delhi in domestic cricket. Kohli holds
numerous records in his career which includes scoring most runs in T20
internationals and IPL, fastest to reach 10,000 ODI runs. In 2020, the
International Cricket Council named him the male cricketer of the decade. Kohli
has also contributed to India's successes, including winning the 2011 World
Cup and the 2013 Champions trophy. He is among the only four Indian
cricketers who has played 500 matches for India. He has received many
accolades for his performances on the cricket field. He was recognized as the
ICC ODI Player of the Year in 2012 and has won the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy.
Additionally, he was named the Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World for
three consecutive years, from 2016 to 2018.
