THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT AND

GOVERNMENT
The United Kingdom or UK is a constitutional monarchy. The Head of
State is the monarch who reigns but does not rule. it is made up of three
part: The queen, The House of commons and the House of Lord. The
seat of the british parliament is the Palace of Westminster of the River
Thames
 THE QUEEN
The present sovereign of the UK is Queen Elizabeth II. The Queen is the Head of
State. She appoints the Prime Minister and opens and closes Parliament.
Moreover she is the Head of the Armed Forces and of the Church of England. She
lives in Buckingham Palace in London.

Buckingham Palace Regina Elisabetta II

 THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
The House of Commons has 650 members MPs elected by people. The president of this house is
the Speaker.The House of Commons makes laws.

THE HOUSE OF LORDS

The House of Lords has 826 members the people but are hereditary members who are Lords
Spiritual and nobles who are Lords Temporal. The president of this house is the Lords Speaker.
The House of Lords checks and passes laws. It also controls the activities of the Government.

Palace of Westminster
 GOVERNMENT
The Head of Government is the Prime Minister who is appointed by the Queen. election every
five years.The Prime Minister lives and works at Number 10 Downing Street in London. The
present Prime Minister is Boris Johnson

Boris Johnson Number 10 Downing street

DEEPENING OF VOTING SYSTEM IN GREAT BRITAIN

It is called 'first past the post' and it is the voting system used in the United Kingdom, since
the nineteenth century, to elect the Members of Parliament of Westminster that make up the
House of Commons.It is an uninominal majority in which, As the English-language definition
states, only the first candidate, the one who won the most preferences, passes through each of
the 650 colleges. To obtain an absolute majority a party must exceed 325 seats;
 THE MAGNA CARTA
Magna Carta (from medieval Latin, "Great Charter of Liberties") is a charter accepted on 12 June 1215 by King
John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor. It was enacted to achieve peace between the unpopular king and
a group of noble rebels, guaranteed the protection of church rights, the protection of civilians from unjustified
detention, the guarantee of rapid justice and the limitation of feudal tributes to the crown. Moreover this
constitution is considered a constitution not written to the contrary of that Italian that is written

La Magna Carta
 GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS

-Buckingham Palace- seat of the queen

-Palace of Westminster- seat of Parliament

-Number 10 Downing Street- seat of the prime minister

 POLITICAL ORDER OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC
The Italian political system is organized according to the principle of
separation of powers: the legislative power is attributed to the Parliament, the
government is the executive power, while the judiciary, independent of the
executive and the legislative power, Instead, it exercises the judicial power; the
president of the republic is the highest office of the state and represents its
unity.The fundamental law of the Republic is the Constitution.The legislative
power belongs to the Parliament , divided into two chambers: the Senate of the
Republic and the Chamber of Deputies.
 THE PARLIAMENT

The Legislative power is entrusted to the Parliament. the Parliament

is formed by two chambers, the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate
of the Republic.

the Chamber of Deputies

the chamber was composed of 630 deputies but because of the
referendum there will be a reduction in the number of deputies
from 630 to 400 Palazzo Montecitorio

the Senate of the Republic.

the senators currently are 321 of which 6 senators to life like Liliana
Segre and Renzo Piano

Palazzo Madama
 THE GOVERNMENT

The executive power is entrusted to the government within which there are three
different bodies: the President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister), the
ministers and the Council of Ministers.The current President of the Council of
Ministers is Giuseppe Conte

Palazzo Chigi
 CONSTITUTION OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC
The Constitution of the Italian Republic is the fundamental law of the Italian State, which as
such occupies the top of the hierarchy of sources in the legal system of the Republic:
considered a written constitution, rigid, long, voted, compromissoria, lay, It consists of 139
articles of 18 transitional and final provisions.Approved by the Constituent Assembly on 22
December 1947 and promulgated by the Provisional Head of State Enrico De Nicola on 27
December following, published in the Official Gazette No. 298, extraordinary edition, of the
same day, and entered into force on 1 January 1948, There are three originals, one of which is
kept in the historical archive of the Presidency of the Italian Republic.
 DEEPENING OF COSTANTINO MORTATI
Costantino Mortati (Corigliano Calabro, 27 December 1891 - Rome, 25 October 1985)
was an Italian jurist, constitutionalist and academic. It is one of the most authoritative
Italian jurists of the 20th century. Costantino Mortati was part of the constituent
assembly.
 THE BIRTH OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC
The birth of the Italian Republic occurred on June 2, 1946, following the results of the
institutional referendum held that day to determine the form of government after the
end of the Second World War.

For the first time in a national political consultation women also voted: 12 717 923
citizens in favor of the republic and 10 719 284 citizens in favor of the monarchy.

The night between 12 and 13 June, during the meeting of the Council of Ministers,
President Alcide De Gasperi, taking note of the result, took up the function of provisional
head of state. The former King Umberto II voluntarily left the country on 13 June 1946, in
southern Portugal;
On 2 June 1946, together with the choice of the form of the State, the Italian citizens also
elected the members
 THE STATUTO ALBERTINO
The Albertino Statute, ( from the name of the king who promulgated it, Carlo Alberto di Savoia),
was the constitutional statute adopted by the Kingdom of Sardinia.In the autograph preamble of
the same Carlo Alberto is defined as «perpetual and irrevocable fundamental law of the Savoy
Monarchy». On 17 March 1861, with the foundation of the Kingdom of Italy, it became the
fundamental charter of the new united Italy and remained formally so, albeit with modifications

Differences between the constitution and the Albertino statute

the Albertino statute was granted-our constitution was approved

the Albertino statute is confessional-our constitution is secular

the Albertino statute is flexible-our constitution is rigid

the Albertino statute is short-our constitution is long

GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS
-Palazzo del Quirinale - Presidenza della Repubblica

-Palazzo Madama- Senato della Repubblica

-Palazzo Montecitorio- Camera dei Deputati

-Palazzo della Consulta- Corte Costituzionale

-Palazzo Chigi- Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri

Alessandro Madeo 1 C