mkwar

ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

THEMESI
NMACBETHANDTHEPEARL
TENMAJORTHEMESFROM MACBETH

1.BETRAYAL  Macbet
hbet
ray
shi
sownnat
urewhen
he but
cher
s Macduf
f’
s f
ami
l
y. He
 Thi
sis pr
obabl
ythe mostobv
ious
showst
hathehascompl
etel
ybecome
t
hemeoft
hepl
ay.
dev
oidofanyhumani
tybecauset
hese
 Macdonal
d and t
he ot
her
sfi
ght
ing wer
ecompl
etel
yinnocentpeopl
e.
behi
nd hi
m bet
rayKi
ng Duncan and
 Macbet
hbet
ray
sDuncanbyki
l
li
nghi
m
t
heScot
ti
shr
eal
m.Theyengagei
nan
despi
tet
he ki
ndness he has shown
actofr
ebel
l
ionwi
tht
heai
m oft
aki
ng
hi
m,andt
it
lesandr
icheshehasbeen
ov
erpowerorgi
vi
ngi
ttoanout
side
best
owed.
aut
hor
it
y.
 Lady Macbet
h, t
oo, bet
ray
s an
 Macbet
handLadyMacbet
hbr
eakt
he
oppor
tuni
ty ofhospi
tal
i
ty when she
l
awsofhospi
tal
i
tybymur
der
ingKi
ng
st
ir
sherhusbandt
oki
l
lDuncan.She
Duncanwhocomesasaguestatt
hei
r
behav
escont
rar
ytohow awomani
s
house.
nat
ural
l
yexpect
edt
obehav
e,whi
chi
s
 Macbet
hbr
eakst
het
radi
ti
onofki
ng- t
obet
ender
.
subj
ect r
elat
ionshi
p when he ki
l
ls
 She al
so bet
ray
s her
sel
f as she
Duncan.Ashi
ssubj
ect
,nomat
terhow
sl
eepwal
ks.I
tisqui
teshamef
ult
hat
successf
ul he had been on t
he
she cannotbe i
n one st
ate,ei
ther
bat
tl
efi
eld,he was bound t
o honour
bei
ng asl
eep or awake and doi
ng
andpr
otectt
heki
ng.
t
hingsper
tai
ningt
othat
.
 Macbet
hal
sobet
ray
sBanquowhenhe
ki
l
ls hi
m because t
he t
wo wer
e
connect
ed by t
he v
ict
oryt
hey had 2.UNCONTROLLED POWER
agai
nst t
he i
nvader
s and by t
hei
r CORRUPTS
knowl
edgeoft
hewi
tches’
propheci
es.
 Dest
ruct
ion br
ought about by
 By ki
l
li
ng Duncan t
otake ov
erhi
s uncont
rol
l
ed powerdue t
olack of
cr
own, Macbet
h al
so bet
ray
s t
he mor
alst
rengt
hist
hemai
nthemei
n
Scot
ti
shpeopl
ebecauseKi
ngDuncan t
hepl
ay,
Macbet
h.
wasawor
thyki
ng.
 Macbet
hisnotnat
ural
l
ybentatdoi
ng

Page1of1
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

ev
il
,butdeepl
y desi
res powerand Duncan.
adv
ancement
.
 Thepr
obl
em,
thepl
aysuggest
s,i
sthat
 Heki
l
lsKi
ngDuncanagai
nsthi
sbet
ter onceonedeci
dest
ousev
iol
encet
o
j
udgementandl
aterf
all
sint
ogui
l
tand achi
evet
hei
r pur
sui
tfor power
,it
mi
str
ust
. si
mpl
ybecomesdi
ff
icul
ttost
op.

 Ast
hepl
aycomest
oanend,
hel
apses  Banquo,Fl
eance,Macduf
f,andot
her
s,
i
nto an anxi
ous and boast
fulmad al
lpause a pot
ent
ialt
hreatt
othe
per
son. t
hrone, and Macbet
h t
hinks i
t
conv
eni
entt
o use v
iol
entmeans t
o
 LadyMacbet
h,ont
heot
herhand,i
s
dr
ivet
heseout
.
t
heonewhoencour
agesherhusband
t
omer
cil
essl
yki
l
lKi
ngDuncani
nor
der
t
otakehi
scr
own.
3.RELATI
ONSHI
PBETWEENCRUELTYAND
 Sheper
suadeshi
mtobest
rongbot
h MASCULI
NTI
Y
bef
ore ki
l
li
ng t
he ki
ng as wel
las
 Char
act
er n Macbet
s i h f
requent
ly
f
oll
owi
ng what happens af
ter t
he
dwel
loni
ssuesofgender
.
mur
der
.
 LadyMacbet
hinf
luencesherhusband
 LadyMacbet
hpur
sueshergoal
swi
th
t
oki
l
lKi
ngDuncanbyappeal
i
ngt
ohi
s
gr
eat
er det
ermi
nat
ion, but she i
s
manhood.
ov
erwhel
med by t
he r
esul
ts ofher
i
mmor
alact
ions.  She ev
en wi
shes t
hatshe coul
d be
‘
unsexed’t
obecomeaman,because
 Shei
sfur
therunner
ved(
weakened)by
shet
hinksbei
ngamangoeswi
tht
he
herhusband’
srepeat
edmur
der
ingof
cour
aget
oki
l
l.
t
hosehesuspect
smi
ghtwantt
owr
est
t
het
hroneawayf
rom hi
m.  LadyMacbet
hexpr
essest
hewi
sht
o
change her sex i
n or
der t
o push
 Macbet
handLadyMacbet
har
ehel
ped
Macbet
htoki
l
lKi
ngDuncan.
byt
he t
hree wi
tches’pr
opheci
es on
t
hei
runbr
idl
ed(
uncont
rol
l
ed)cour
seof  Si
mil
arl
y,Macbet
hal
sof
indsoutf
rom
ambi
ti
on–t
hisdr
ivest
hem t
ocommi
t t
het
hreemur
der
ersi
ftheyar
etr
uly
t
err
ibl
eact
sofcr
uel
ty. menbef
oreheassi
gnst
hem t
het
ask
t
oki
l
lBanquoandhi
sson,
Fleance.
 Theyusev
iol
encef
orel
i
minat
ingt
hei
r
opponent
s,begi
nni
ngwi
thki
l
li
ngKi
ng  Quest
ioni
ng of manhood by Lady
Page2of2
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

Macbet
handMacbet
hshowst
hatt
he si
tuat
ion.
t
wol
i
nkmanhoodormascul
i
nit
ywi
th
 Thi
s suggest
sthat
,wi
th Mal
col
m’s
v
iol
ence,and whenev
ert
he t
wo t
alk
cor
onat
ion,or
derwi
l
lber
est
ored t
o
about manhood v
iol
ence happens
t
heKi
ngdom ofScot
landr
athert
han
al
mosti
mmedi
atel
y.
doi
ng ev
en unr
easonabl
ethi
ngs j
ust
 Macbet
h and Lady Macbet
h’s becausehei
saman.
under
standi
ng ofmanhood has t
he
negat
ive and r
egr
ett
abl
e ef
fect of
pl
ungi
ngt
hepol
i
ticalor
deri
nthepl
ay 4.POWEROFWOMEN
i
ntoat
otal
chaos.
 I
nthepl
ay,women who i
ncl
udet
he
 Fol
l
owi
ngt
her
epor
toft
hemur
derof t
hreewi
tchesar
easour
ceofv
iol
ence
Macduf
f’
swi
feandchi
l
dren,Mal
col
m andev
il
.
t
ell
sMacduf
ftot
aket
henewsi
n‘a
 The t
hree wi
tches’pr
opheci
es i
gni
te
manl
yfashi
on’
.
Macbet
h’s ambi
ti
ons and t
hen
 He t
ell
s hi
m t
o seek r
evenge upon encour
agehi
svi
olentbehav
iour
.
Macbet
hwhoor
der
edt
hemur
der
,but
 Lady Macbet
h, t
oo, pr
ovi
des t
he
Macduf
fpr
otest
stot
his.
needed r
easons, pr
ocedur
es, and
 Macduf
frepl
i
es t
hatbef
ore he can det
ermi
nat
iont
oherhusbandt
oki
l
l.
r
evengehemustf
ir
stofal
lfeelwhat
 Hecat
e, who i
s t
he goddess of
hashappenedasaman,
meani
ngmen
wi
tchcr
aft
,fur
therpi
cksi
tupf
rom t
he
al
so musthav
efeel
i
ngsl
i
kewomen
t
hree wi
tchesi
n deepeni
ng Macbet
h
whi
cht
heycanshow i
nsy
mpat
het
ic
i
ntomor
almadness.
way
s.
 Shedet
ermi
nest
opuni
shMacbet
hto
 Mal
col
m seems t
o under
stand t
his,
makehi
m payf
orhi
slackofgr
ati
tude
when f
oll
owi
ng news of Young
f
ort
heser
viceshehasgotf
rom t
he
Si
war
d’smur
derbyMacbet
h,het
ell
s
wi
tchessof
ar.
Ol
dSi
war
dthathi
ssoni
swor
thmor
e
sor
rowt
hanhehasal
readyexpr
essed.  Macbet
h woul
d ar
guabl
y bl
ame t
he
chaosandev
ilt
hathasbeenwr
ought
 Mal
col
m hast
her
efor
elear
nedt
het
rue
t
hrough hi
s hands on women,and
meani
ngofbei
ngamanormascul
i
ne
because oft
his Macbet
h has been
– t
hat i
tis not about hav
ing a
v
iewed byot
her
sasmi
sogy
nist
icor
har
dened nat
urer
egar
dless of t
he
Page3of3
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

womanhat
er.  Pr
omot
ionofhi
speopl
e’
swel
far
eli
es
att
hecent
reofhi
shear
tandt
hisi
s
 Mostwomeni
nthepl
ayi
ncl
udi
ngt
he
v
erydi
ff
erentt
oMacbet
h.
t
hree wi
tches exceed t
he l
evelof
aggr
essi
on or v
il
lai
ny t
hat mal
e  Fur
ther
mor
e, as he begi
ns hi
s
char
act
erspor
tray
. conv
ersat
ion wi
th Macduf
fin Act4,
scene 3,Mal
col
m pr
etends t
hathe
 Thepi
ctur
eisl
i
ket
hisbecausei
tgoes
woul
dev
enmakeawor
seki
ngt
han
agai
nstt
hepr
evai
l
ingexpect
ati
onsof
Macbet
h.
howwomenoughtt
obehav
e.
 Howev
er,r
eal
i
sing t
hatt
hatno one
becomes ki
ng by bei
ng cr
ueland
5. DI
FFERENCEBETWEEN KI
NGSHI
P AND v
il
lai
nous,Mal
col
m wi
thdr
awst
hel
i
st
TYRANNY ofr
epr
oachabl
e behav
iourhe once
pr
esent
edabouthi
msel
f.
 Thepl
ayshowst
hatnotev
ery
onewho
hol
dst
het
it
leofki
ng exer
cisest
he  He ev
ent
ual
l
ytel
l
s Macduf
fthata
r
esponsi
bil
i
tiesofaki
ngordeser
ves modelki
ng mustbe j
ust
,gr
aci
ous,
t
obecal
l
edt
hus. t
rut
hful
,temper
ate,st
abl
e,gener
ous,
mer
cif
ul,
humbl
e,per
sev
eri
ng,
etc.
 Macbet
hisgener
all
ynotaddr
essedas
ki
ngbutat
yrantbecauseofassumi
ng  Thi
ski
ndofki
ngwoul
dbedi
ff
erent
t
he t
it
le byki
l
li
ng Ki
ng Duncan,and f
rom Macbet
h who pr
esi
ded ov
era
cont
inui
ng wi
th act
s ofki
l
li
ng af
ter per
iod of chaos i
n Scot
land,
becomi
ngki
ng. char
act
eri
sed bymur
der
ing al
lthose
hesawasat
hreat
.
 Ki
ng Duncan was known wi
th
di
scr
eti
on,pr
udence,and gener
osi
ty  Macbet
h al
so nev
er r
ewar
ded hi
s
apar
tfr
om exer
cisi
ng hi
spower
sas subj
ect
saccor
dingt
othei
rmer
it
sas
ki
ngwhi
chhenev
erusedf
orhar
ming haddoneKi
ngDuncanaf
terhi
svi
ctor
y
hi
sownpeopl
e. ov
ert
hei
nvader
s.

 Li
kewi
se,Ki
ng Edwar
disav
irt
uous  Ther
efor
e,i
nthewarj
ustl
yi
ngahead,
ki
ng,and what
ever bl
essi
ngs God Macbet
h,who i
s an embodi
mentor
endowed hi
m wi
th he bequeat
hs or good exampl
e oft
yranny mustbe
passest
hesameont
othesubj
ect
sof ov
ercomebyMal
col
m sot
hatScot
land
hi
sreal
m. canhav
eat
rueki
ngoncemor
e.

Page4of4
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

 Macbet
h sees whathi
s unchecked
ambi
ti
onhascosthi
m:t
hel
ossofal
l
6.AMBI
TION
hehel
ddear
.
 Macbet
h’st
rue downf
alli
s hi
s own
ambi
ti
on.
7.EQUI
VOCATI
ON
 Hi
swi
fei
sasambi
ti
ousashi
msel
f,
andasar
esul
tsheencour
ageshi
mto  Shakespear
e uses t
he t
heme of
commi
tmur
dert
oachi
evet
hei
rgoal
s equi
vocat
i nMacbet
oni htoef
fect
ivel
y
of becomi
ng ki
ng and queen i
l
lust
rat
etheev
ilnat
ureoft
hewi
tches.
r
espect
ivel
y.
 Equi
vocat
ioni
stheuseofconf
usi
ng
 The t
wo bot
hfai
lto see how t
hei
r expr
essi
onsi
nor
dert
omi
slead.
ambi
ti
on makes t
hem ov
ert
urn
 I
nthe pl
ay Shakespear
e al
so uses
boundar
iesofpr
operandaccept
abl
e
equi
vocat
ion t
o communi
cat
e mor
e
behav
iour
.
t
han one meani
ng or t
o cr
eat
e
 Once Macbet
h ki
l
ls Duncan, hi
s suspenseandl
eav
ethedi
alogueand
ambi
ti
ont
ohol
dont
opoweri
smade ev
ent
sopenended.
wor
sebymi
str
ustoft
hepeopl
ewho
 Thepr
opheci
esoft
hewi
tchespl
aya
canchal
l
engehi
m whom heengages
har
m orcauset
roubl
eint
hepl
ay,as
i
nki
l
li
ngi
nor
dert
omai
ntai
nthepower
t
heyar
eaf
orm ofdecept
iont
hatat
hehaswon.
t
imes use uncl
earl
anguage t
orun
 Bycont
rast
,whi
l
eBanquoi
sal
soan awayf
rom whati
sbei
ngsai
d.
ambi
ti
ous char
act
eri
nthe pl
ay,hi
s
 Ther
ear
ethr
eei
nfl
uent
ialpr
opheci
es,
mor
alsensi
ti
vi
ty pr
event
s hi
m f
rom
whi
cht
hewi
tchesmakei
nthi
spl
ay,
v
ent
uri
ngt
hepat
hofMacbet
h.
whi
char
ethat
:
 Bot
hwer
etol
dexci
ti
ngnewsbyt
he
i
.the pr
otagoni
st, Macbet
h, wi
l
l
t
hreewi
tches,and notl
eastBanquo
becomet
heKi
ngofScot
land.
woul
dnotwantt
hepr
ophecyabouthi
s
chi
l
drennott
ocomet
opass. i
i
.Banquowi
l
lbet
hef
atherofachai
n
ofScot
ti
shki
ngs.
 Att
heendoft
hepl
ay,Macbet
hhas
achi
eved al
l he want
ed, but has i
i
i.Macbet
hwi
l
lnotbeki
l
ledunt
ilt
he
not
hing–hi
swi
fehasgoneandt
her
e Bi
rnam Woodmov
est
oDunsi
nane
i
snohopeofpr
oduci
ngapr
ince. hi
l
l.
Page5of5
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

 Thesour
cesoft
hesepr
opheci
esar
e commi
tt
edanof
fenceoracr
ime.
t
he wi
tches who putt
oget
hert
he
 I
nthepl
ay,t
het
hemei
sest
abl
i
shed
decei
tf
ulwor
dsi
ntoMacbet
h’smi
nd,
t
hroughLadyMacbet
h,bl
oodi
mager
y,
whi
chdemonst
rat
etheev
ilnat
ureof
andMacbet
h’si
nter
nal
conf
li
ct.
t
hewi
tches.
 Lady Macbet
h f
orces Macbet
h t
o
 The wi
tches ar
e t
hemsel
ves an
commi
tunf
orgi
vabl
esi
nst
o achi
eve
el
usi
ve, uncl
ear or ev
en a f
alse
t
heposi
ti
onofki
ng.
char
act
erwhot
alki
napuzzl
i
ngr
iddl
e-
l
i
kemanner
.  She shows her gui
l
ttowar
ds t
he
deat
hsofBanquo,LadyMacduf
fand
 Fori
nst
ance,whenMacbet
hgoest
o
herf
ami
l
y.
seet
hem f
ort
hesecondt
imet
heyar
e
v
ery uncl
ear about pr
edi
cti
ng hi
s  Neart
heendoft
hepl
ay,sheshows
f
utur
e,del
i
ber
atel
yconf
usi
nghi
m and hergui
l
ty consci
ence when she i
s
maki
nghi
mtooconf
ident
. sl
eepwal
ki
ng.

 I
nshor
t,i
ntheappar
it
ionorv
isi
ont
hat  AboutMacduf
f,who i
sthet
haneof
hei
sshown,Macbet
hisappar
ent
ly Fi
fe,LadyMacbet
hasks:‘
Thet
haneof
t
oldt
hathewi
l
lnotbedef
eat
edhence Fi
fehad awi
fe.Wher
eisshenow?
mustnotbeaf
rai
dofany
thi
ng. Whatwi
l
lthesehandsne’
erbecl
ean?

 Thi
s,howev
er,i
sfal
se,becauset
her
e  Sheaskst
hesequest
ionsandot
her
s
ar
econdi
ti
onswher
ebyhemi
ghtnot f
oll
owi
ngMacbet
hor
der
ingt
hemur
der
be def
eat
ed orki
l
led,butMacbet
h ofMacduf
f’
swi
feandchi
l
dren.
chooses t
o ov
erl
ook or downpl
ay
 Shet
hinksenoughi
senoughbecause
t
hosecondi
ti
ons.
mor
e ki
l
li
ngs as f
oll
owed Ki
ng
 Forexampl
e,i
fheencount
ersi
nbat
tl
e Duncan’
smur
derwi
l
lonl
ymaket
hem
a man who was r
ipped f
rom hi
s endl
essl
ygui
l
ty.
mot
her
’swomb hewi
l
lbedef
eat
ed
 She t
her
efor
e ur
ges herhusband t
o
andki
l
led.
st
opt
hoseki
l
li
ngsbecauseev
ery
thi
ng
i
s now bei
ng dest
roy
ed r
athert
han
bui
l
tas t
heyf
ir
stt
houghtwoul
d be
8.GUI
LT
achi
eved.

 Gui
l
tisaf
eel
i
ngt
hatt
roubl
est
hemi
nd,
 Bl
oodi
nthepl
ayal
sor
epr
esent
sgui
l
t
and usual
l
y comes when one has
Page6of6
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

asi
taccompani
est
hought
stoki
l
lor aboutwhathehasdone.
comesasar
esul
tofi
t.
 Macbet
h al
so doesn’
tsay‘
amen’as
 OnceMacbet
hfi
ndsoutt
hatheneeds pr
onouncedbyt
hemenwhoper
cei
ve
t
o ki
l
l– f
orexampl
e,Duncan – he someonebei
ngki
l
ledi
ntheni
ght
.He
r
eal
i
sest
hathi
sfeel
i
ngschange. r
eal
i
sest
hathehasn’
tmadet
her
ight
deci
siont
oki
l
l.
 He i
s ov
erwhel
med by gui
l
t and
becomesr
eluct
antt
oki
l
landdoesso,
asi
nthecaseofDuncan,whenhi
s
9.THESUPERNATURAL
wi
fei
nsi
stst
hathemust
.
 Thepl
ayi
sful
lofphenomenat
hatar
e
 Af
ter ki
l
li
ng Duncan, Macbet
h i
s
bey
ondhumanexpl
anat
ion.
shat
ter
ed bygui
l
tand doesn’
tthi
nk
t
hatev
enal
lthewat
ersi
ntheoceans  I
nAct1,t
het
hreewi
tchesmaket
hei
r
mi
ghtbeenought
owasht
hebl
oodhe f
ir
stmaj
orappear
ance,andt
heyar
e
hasi
ncur
redbyt
heki
l
li
ng. seent
o chant
ing and f
oreshadowi
ng
aboutt
hef
utur
e.
 LadyMacbet
h,ont
heot
herhand,al
so
admi
tshergui
l
tforki
l
li
ngwhenshe  Thei
r f
ir
st pr
opheci
es ar
e about
doubt
sthatt
he per
fumes ofAr
abi
a Macbet
handBanquot
hatt
heywi
l
lbe
candeadent
hesmel
lofbl
oodt
hatshe gr
eat
,butf
oll
owi
ng t
hei
rencount
er
smel
l
sinhernost
ri
ls. Macbet
handBanquoshowuncer
tai
nty
byt
hisi
nexpl
i
cabl
ephenomenon.
 Thr
ough t
he i
nter
nalconf
li
ctwhi
ch
Macbet
hhasgui
l
tisal
soshown. nMacbet
 I hthewi
tchessy
mbol
i
seev
il
,
andt
heyemi
tahaunt
ingat
mospher
e
 Macbet
h’sconf
li
cti
nthebegi
nni
ngof
and emphasi
ze Macbet
h’s wei
rd
t
hepl
ayi
swhet
herornotheshoul
dki
l
l
r
esol
uti
ont
oki
l
l,t
hati
s,t
heyi
nfl
uence
hi
ski
nsmen,and cont
inuest
o show
hi
mtobecomel
i
ket
hemsel
ves.
t
hisgui
l
tlongaf
terhehascommi
tt
ed
t
hemur
der
.  The wi
tches actas t
he v
oice f
ora
f
orbi
dden knowl
edge and abnor
mal
 When he f
inal
l
y ki
l
ls Duncan,af
ter
consequences t
o Macbet
h and
somehesi
tat
ion bywhi
ch heshows
Macbet
h hi
msel
fref
erst
othem as
i
nit
ial gui
l
t, Macbet
h r
egr
ets hi
s
‘
i
nst
rument
sofDar
kness’
.
deci
sion.Hesay
shecannotgoback
t
her
e and t
hathe i
s af
rai
dtot
hink  Macbet
h di
sl
ikes t
he wi
tches’

Page7of7
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

exi
stence,howev
er,heneedst
hem t
o hand?Comel
etmecl
utcht
hee:Ihav
e
gui
deand pr
ovi
dehi
m knowl
edge– t
heenot
,andy
etIseet
heest
il
l.Ar
t
whi
chl
eadst
ohi
sdownf
all
anddeat
h. t
hou not f
atal v
isi
on,sensi
ble t
o
f
eel
i
ngast
osi
ght
?’
 The wi
tches and t
hei
rsuper
nat
ural
pr
opheci
escanber
elat
edt
orealwor
ld  I
nAct3,consi
der
edt
hecl
i
maxoft
he
f
ort
unet
ell
ersandt
hei
runexpl
ainabl
e pl
ay,i
n t
he banquet pr
epar
ed by
‘
magi
c’whi
chcanbev
erymi
sleadi
ng. Macbet
handhi
swi
fe,Banquo’
sghost
makes an appear
ance and onl
y
 I
nAct2Scene1,Macbet
hisput
ti
ng
Macbet
hcanseet
hisphenomenon.
t
oget
herapl
ant
oki
l
lKi
ngDuncani
n
or
der t
o f
ulf
ilt
he t
hree wi
tches’  Macbet
h becomes v
ery f
ri
ght
ened
pr
opheci
es. al
mostl
oseshi
sreasonorgoodsense,
andi
ndesper
ati
onsay
s:‘
Avaunt
,and
 I
ndoi
ngso,
Macbet
hseesanai
r-
drawn
qui
tmysi
ght
!Lett
heear
thhi
det
hee!
dagger
,at
hingt
hatmi
ghtei
therbehi
s
Thybonesar
emar
rowl
ess,
thybl
oodi
s
hal
l
uci
nat
ionsoraghost
lyomen,t
hus
col
d;t
houhasnospecul
ati
oni
nthose
t
hesi
tuat
ioni
srender
edunexpl
ainabl
e.
ey
eswhi
cht
houdostgl
arewi
th!
’
 Thedaggeri
sdescr
ibedt
obebl
oody
 Banquo’
s ghost i
s a super
nat
ural
andl
eadsMacbet
htoDuncan’
sroom,
sy
mbolofal
lthecr
imesMacbet
hhas
t
her
efor
e, ‘
pushi
ng’ Macbet
h i
n
commi
tt
ed, whi
l
e i
t al
so shows
commi
tt
ingt
hemur
der
.
Macbet
hthatt
her
ecoul
dhav
eabet
ter
 The audi
ence i
s made awar
ethat pat
htochoose.
Shakespear
eusest
hesuper
nat
uralt
o
 Banquo’
sghostdi
spl
aysani
nsi
ghtt
o
por
traywhatev
ili
s,andsuper
nat
ural
Macbet
h’s char
act
er and ment
al
ev
ent
sar
eusedwher
everev
ilappear
s.
i
nst
abi
l
ity
, and shows how much
 Bycr
eat
ingasuper
nat
uralel
ementl
i
ke Macbet
h’sst
ateofmi
ndhascol
l
apsed.
dagger
,Shakespear
efor
mssy
mbol
i
sm
 I
nAct3Scene5,t
hewi
tchesmake
openf
ori
nter
pret
ati
on,t
husgi
vi
ngt
he
t
hei
r second appear
ance al
ongsi
de
audi
ence t
he same uncer
tai
nty as
Hecat
e,andt
hist
imet
heydi
scusst
he
Macbet
hhi
msel
f.
ev
ent
s t
hat f
oreshadow Macbet
h’s
 Not
e, upon seei
ng t
he dagger
, t
ragi
cfal
l
.
Macbet
hsay
s:I
sthi
sadaggerwhi
chI
 Theypr
edi
ctahead ofan encount
er
seebef
oreme,t
hehandl
etowar
dmy
wi
thMacbet
hthathe‘
Heshal
lspur
n
Page8of8
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

f
ate,scor
ndeat
h,andbearhi
shopes n Macbet
 I h t
his t
heme i
s seen
‘
bov
ewi
sdom,gr
ace,and f
ear
..
.’but t
hroughout
,andt
hewor
dsut
ter
edby
t
hesamewi
l
lbehi
sdownf
all
. t
hewi
tchesr
ighti
nAct1scene1t
hat
‘
Fouli
sfai
randf
airi
sfoul
’get
sthi
s
 I
nAct5,t
hewi
tchesmaket
hei
rfi
nal
t
hemer
oll
i
ng.
appear
ance wi
th t
hree pr
ophet
ic
v
isi
ons.  Ki
ng Duncan,r
emar
king about t
he
r
ebel
l
ion by Macdonal
d and ot
her
s,
 The f
ir
st appar
it
ion (
visi
on) shows
say
sthat‘
Ther
e’sno ar
ttof
indt
he
Macbet
h’shead–sl
ainbyMacduf
f;t
he
mi
nd’
sconst
ruct
ioni
nthef
ace.
’These
second st
ates t
hatno man bor
n of
wor
dshi
ntatt
het
hemeofappear
ance
womanshal
lhar
m Macbet
h;andt
he
v
s.r
eal
i
tysi
nceonet
hing(
orper
son)
f
inalt
ell
sMacbet
hthathewi
l
lnotbe
canbemi
stakenf
orwhatheori
tisnot
.
def
eat
edunt
ilBi
rnam Woodcomest
o
Dunsi
naneHi
l
l.  Macbet
h pr
epar
es hi
s home f
orhi
s
guest
stobeaser
ene,
peacef
ulpal
ace.
 I
nthef
inal
act
,Act5,
all
oft
hewi
tches’
Howev
er,he i
spl
anni
ng t
o ki
l
lKi
ng
appar
it
ions orv
isi
ons ar
e pr
oved t
o
Duncan.
hol
dtr
uthandMacbet
hiski
l
ledasa
r
esul
t.  Lady Macbet
h i
s t
he mast
ermi
nd
behi
ndt
heki
l
li
ngofDuncan.Sheuses
 I
n a sense, t
he super
nat
ural
char
m and f
lat
ter
y t
o conv
ince
occur
rences i
nthe pl
ay gui
de t
he
Macbet
h.She get
s whatshe want
s
sel
fi
shMacbet
hint
ohi
sowndownf
all
.
wi
thoutdoi
ngt
he‘
dir
twor
k;whi
l
est
il
l
appear
ingl
ady
li
keandi
nnocent
.

10. APPEARANCEVSREALI
TY  Shet
ell
sMacbet
h:‘
l
ookl
i
ket
het
ime,
bar
ewel
comei
nyourey
e,y
ourhand,
 Appear
ancei
showy
ouseesomet
hing
y
ourt
ongue,l
ook l
i
ke t
he i
nnocent
or what somet
hing l
ooks l
i
ke.
f
lower
,butbet
heser
pentunderi
t.
’
Appear
ancesar
eof
tenv
erydecei
vi
ng
and mi
sleadi
ng. How somet
hing  Af
terLadyMacbet
handMacbet
hki
l
l
appear
stobei
snotal
way
showi
tisi
n Duncant
heyactast
hought
heyar
ethe
r
eal
i
ty. mostsur
pri
sed and shocked byhi
s
deat
h.Theyappeart
obesur
pri
sedby
 Real
i
ty,on t
he ot
herhand,i
s how
t
heev
entwhent
heyar
etheoneswho
somet
hingact
ual
l
yexi
stsi
nreall
i
feas
ki
l
lhi
m.
opposedt
oani
magi
nar
yideaabouti
t.
Page9of9
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

 Macbet
hsay
s:‘
O,y
etIdor
epentmeof  Ev
il
myf
ury
,thatIdi
dki
l
lthem.
’  Fami
l
y

 I
nthe wor
ds abov
e,Macbet
h ev
en  Super
sti
ti
on

goesasf
araspr
etendi
ngl
i
kehewas  Gr
eedandCor
rupt
ion
soangr
yandshockedt
hatheki
l
ledt
he  Obsessi
on
guar
ds;
howev
er,
hei
sjustcov
eri
nghi
s
 Pr
ide
t
racks.
 Nat
ureofPower
 LadyMacbet
h act
sver
yst
rong and  Pr
iceofWi
sdom
v
aunt
sless.Howev
er,shei
sn’
tbr
ave
 Goodv
s.Ev
il
asshepr
etendst
obe:shesay
sshe
 Race,
Tradi
ti
on,
andOppr
essi
on
woul
dki
l
ltheki
ngher
sel
fbutcoul
dn’
t
becauseshesai
dhel
ookedt
oomuch  Val
ueandWeal
th

l
i
ke her f
ather sl
eepi
ng.She t
hus
l
eav
es t
he deed up t
o Macbet
hto Ev
il
commi
t.
Chapt
er1
 Thewi
tchest
ellMacbet
hthatheshal
l  Evil1:Evilisintroducedint hef orm oft he
nev
er be v
anqui
shed unt
il Gr
eat scorpiont hatst i
ngsCoy oti
to.Unt i
lthat
moment ,Kino'shomei speacef ul ,
fil
led
Bi
rnam Woodcomest
oDunsi
naneHi
l
l,
withtheSongofFami l
y.Butwhenhe
ornonebor
nofwomanshal
lki
l
lhi
m. spotst hescor piondangl i
ngabov e
Coyotito'
sbed, Kinorecogni zest hest r
ains
 Macbet
his gi
ven f
alse hopes and oftheSongofEv i
lthatrecurt hroughout
thestor y
.TheSongofEv i
lcomeswhen
secur
it
ythr
ough t
he pr
opheci
es,but
anythi
ngt hreatensthefami ly,andKi no
t
hati
swhatt
heyar
east
heycome doesal lthathecant odest roytheev il
and
f
rom t
hewi
tches’
mout
h. husht hesi nist
ermel odyof

 Macbet
h ev
ent
ual
l
ylear
ns t
hat al
l
t
hesewer
enotassai
doratl
eastashe
under
stoodt
hem asi
ntheendhei
s
ki
l
led.

THEMESI
NPEARL
BYJ.STEI
NBERG

_
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
__
Page10of10
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

t
heSongofEv
ilsot
hatt
heSongofFami
l
ycan awareoft hepear
l'
st r
emendousv al
ue,
r
etur
n. andintendtocont he"uneducat
ednati
ve;
"
hewi l
ltr
ustthem becausetheyaret
he
"exper
ts."
 Evil2:Kinohear st heSongofEv ilagain
whenheandJuanast andatt hegat esof
thedoct or
'shouse.Ki noknowst hatthe  Evil6:Kinobel i
evest hathi sfri
endswil
l
doctorisoft her acet hathasabused helppr ot
ecthi mfrom t heev il
sthatmight
Kino'sownpeopl ef orfourhundr edy ears; befallhim becauseoft hepear l,
but
despitethef actthatt heyneedt he i
nst eadoff indi
ngpr otectionwi t
hhis
doctor'
shel p,Kinoknowst hatthedoct or neighbors, heisattacked.Hi spearlhas
i
sst il
ltheenemy .Hewi l
ltr
ytocheatt hem turnedf r
iendsintoenemi es; t
heyare
orabuset hem ashi speopl ehav ealway s j
eal ousandenv ythepear l oftheworl
d
donet oKino'sownr ace. thatKinohasf ound.

Chapt
er3 Chapt
er5

 Evi
l3: Thebuyersar
eouttotake  Ev i
l7:Thepear ltur nsJuanaandKi no
advantageofKinoandhispearl
.Thei
rgoal againstoneanot her .Theev i
lpoweroft he
i
stocheathi m andrui
nhispl
ansof pearlisstr ongenought oinspireviol
ence
happinessandpeaceforhisf
ami l
y. betweent hem.JuanaandKi noar eso
closetooneanot hert hatconv ersati
on
i
sn'tevenneeded, andy etthepear li
sable
 Ev i
l4:Thedoct orcomest ot ake todivi
det hem.I thasbr oughtinjuryand
adv ant
ageofKi no'
si gnor ancebymaki ng danger, andnowi tpul lsJuanaandKi no
Coy oti
tosickandpr etendi ngt hathis awayf rom eachot her.
i
llnessisther esultoft hescor pionst i
ng.
BecauseKi noandJuanaar euneducat ed,
theyareaf rai
dt odoubtt hedoct or'
swor d,  Evil8:Kinoi sforcedt okillamant o
andheusesi ttopr ofitfrom t heir defendhi msel fandt hepear l
.ThenKi no'
s
newf oundweal th.Hepr etendsasi fhe huti sburnedaf tersomeonesear chingfor
doesn'tknowofKi no'spear l
,y ettheonl y thepear lhasr ansackedi t.Thosewho
reasonhehascondescendedt otreatan cov etthegr eatpearldestroyev erything
Indianbabywast ot ryandseekoutwher e thatKinoandJuanahav ei nthei
rat tempts
Kinomi ghtbehi dingi t
.Thepear lbrings tof i
ndi t
.ThePear li
smaki ngever yone
ev i
lintheform ofgr eed: manyseekt o turnagai nstthem, andKi noandJuana
takeadv antageofKi no' snewf oundweal t
h. knowt hatt heyar enol ongersaf eint hei
r
vil
lage,andmustescape.

Chapt
er4
Chapt
er6
 Evil5:Thebuyer
swor kt oget
hertocheat
Kinoofhispearlandintendtogivehim  Evil9:Ki
nol ooksint
othepearlexpecti
ng
veryli
ttl
emoneyf ori
t.Theyhav epl
anned toseev i
sionsofthedreamshehadt he
toconv i
ncehimthathispearlisworthl
ess nightaft
erhef oundthepearl
,buttheonly
andpretendthatthey
'redoinghim afavor thingsheseesar ethehor
ribl
ethingsthat
bytakingitof
fhishands.Thebuy ersare hav ehappenedtohisfamil
ysincehe

Page11of11
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

foundt hepearl.Hebeginstoreal
i
zethe thi
ngofv al
ue, f
rom hisfat
herand
evilt
hepear lcontai
ns,butsti
l
lref
usest
o grandfather,
andi tmakeshi m pr
oud.Iti
s
giveitup. hislegacyandhet akesgreatcar
eofit
becausei ti
st hetoolheusest oprovi
de
forhisfamily.Thecanoei stheonly
 Ev i
l10:I
nadr eam, Ki
nohasapr emoniti
on i
nher i
tancehehasbey ondthesongsof
ofdanger .Hewakesanddi scovers hispeople,andKi noloveshiscanoe.
tracker
sar efoll
owi nghisfami l
y.He
knowst hattheywi llf
indthem andki l
l
them forthepear l
.Hef eelstrapped Chapt
er3
becauset her
ei snowayf orthem to
escapet hetrackers.  Family3:Kinocannott akeachancet hat
thedoctorisly
ingtohi m aboutCoy otit
o's
healt
hbecausehedoesn' twanthi schild
tosuffer
.Thedoct ortakesadv antageofa
 Evil11:Inthestrugglet oprotecthisfamily parent'
sconcernforhischildtot urna
andsur vi
ve,Kinot urnsintoaki l
l
ing profi
t.Heknowst hatKi nowill
trust
machi ne.Heat t
acks, swift
lyandbr utall
y, enoughinthedoct or'
sknowl edget oall
ow
kil
li
ngal lt
hreemenwhower etrackinghis himt otr
eatCoy ot
itobecauseKi noi s
familyinaquestt ost ealhisgreatpear l
. unsurethatthebabyisheal ed.
Kinohasbeenf orcedt odot err
iblethings
tosurv i
veandt opr otectt
hepear lfrom
beingstolen.Thepear l
'sval
uehasmadei t
evil
. Chapt
er4

 Fami l
y4: Kinowon' tgiveupt hepear lev
en
thoughi t
'sbroughtnot hingbutpai n
becauseheseesi tsv alueasachancet o
provideforhi sson'
seducat i
on, all
owing
himt oescapet heirsimpl eli
fe.Kinodoes
notwantt hosewithaf or maleducat i
onto
takeadv antageofCoy otit
o,li
ket heydoto
Fami
ly otheruneducat ednat i
ves.Hewant smore
forhissonandhi sfami lythantheirsimple
Chapt
er1 l
ife,andt hepearlisthekeyt othose
aspirat
ions.
 Family1:KinohearstheSongofFami l
yin
eachrouti
neofhislif
e.Al t
hought heirl
if
e
i
ssimpl e,
therhyt
hm oft heirhabitsand
thesoundsofeachpar toft hei
rlivesmake Chapt
er5
upasongt hatisimportanttoKi no.Itf
il
ls
Fami l
y5: Thepear lthatKi noexpect edtoprotect
hisearsandheiscont entwi t
hthesaf e
hisfamilyisnowt eari
ngi tapar t.Juanawarns
andsturdysong.Kinowi ll
protectthis
Kinothatt hepearl wil
ldest roytheirfamil
y,but
songandt hefamil
yitrepresentsbecause
Kinorefusest obel i
evei tbecausehet hi
nksthat
i
tisallhehasandhel ov esit.
theweal t
ht hepear loffersist hebestwayt o
prot
ecthi sf amil
y.Het hinkst hatbykeepingt he
pearl,
hei sdoi ngwhati sbestf orhisfamil
y,but
Chapt
er2 thepear l
isonl ypushinghi m andJuanaapar t.Ifi
t
i
sdiv i
dingt hem, i
tcannotpr otectthefamilyfrom
 Fami
l
y2:
Kinoi
nher
it
edhi
scanoe,
hisonl
y harm.Itonl ymakesl i
femor epr ecar
iousforthem.
Page12of12
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

famil
ycostsCoy
otit
ohisli
feandleav
esa
holei
ntheirf
amil
ythatwouldnothave
 Fami l
y6: JuanTomashel pshi sbrot heri
n beenther
ehadKinoneverfoundthepear
l.
everywayt hathecan, bydiverti
ngt he
neighborsandgat her
ingsuppl i
esfor
Kino'sjourney.Juanknowst hatthepear l
hasbr oughtev i
lontohi sbrother'
sfami ly
,
andhedoesal lt
hehecant ohelpt hem
escapef rom it,
buthecannotconv ince
Super
sti
ti
on
Kinot ogetr i
doft hepearl. Chapt
er1

 Super st i
ti
on1: WhenCoy ot i
toi sindanger
ofbei ngst ungbyt hescor pi on,Juana
Chapt
er6
mut t
er sananci entmagi cincant at i
onand
 Family7: AsKino, Juana,andCoy oti
toar e thensomeHai lMar y stopr otectherson.
makingt hei
rescape, Kinobelievesthathis Theanci ent,super stiti
ousr eli
gionoft he
famil
ywi llt
ri
umphbecauset heyseem t o peasant r
yhasbeenmi xedwi ththe
begetti
ngaway .Hebegi nstobel i
evet hat Cathol ici
sm oft heWest ernuppercl ass.
everyt
hingwi l
lwor kout;thepear l Juanaappeal stonat i
v egodsandt he
promisessecur i
tyandpeace, andtheywi l
l West er nGod, uncer tainofwhi chhol dst he
escapet hebadl uckthathaspl agued truepower .Thismi nglingofapol y t
hei stic
them si
ncehef oundt hepearl.Hebelieves reli
gionwi t
hRomanCat holicism is
thatnowhi sfami l
ywi l
lprosper. commoni nnativecount riest hatar e
colonized.Thenat i
v escombi net hegods
ofthei rownr eligi
onwi ththef i
gur esof
Cathol ici
sm.El ement soft heiroriginal
 Fami ly8:Ki noconsidersgiv
inghimsel fup
fait
hr emai n,suchasi ncant ationsl iket he
tot hetracker sbecausethereisnoway
oneJuanamut ters.
thatheandhi sfamilycangetawayf rom
them.Thet houghtmoment ari
lydefeats
him, until
Juanar emindshimt hatt
he
trackerswi llkil
lherandCoyotitoaswel l
, Chapt
er2
andt hatpr odsKi nointoact
ion.
 Superstition2: Juanapr aysthatKinowill
fi
ndapear lsothatt heycanhav e
Coyotito'sscor pionst i
ngt reat
edbyt he
 Fami l
y9: I
nt hemi dstofdanger
,their doctor.Shepr aysinanat tempttof orce
survi
valdependsonkeepi ngthebaby fr
om t hegodst hel ucksheandKi noneed
quietthroughtheni ght.I
fhecri
es,thei
r totakecar eofCoy ot it
o.Findingapear lof
hidi
ngpl aceisgivenaway ,buti
fhecan val
uei sst ri
ctl
yl uck.Pear l
st hemselves
keepsi l
ent,perhapsKinowi l
lbeableto areacci dental,andf indingapear li
s
disarmt hemenandsecur ehisfamily'
s consider edagi ftfr
om t hegodsorGod.
escape.

Superstiti
on3:WhenKi nof i
ndsthelar
geshell
, he
 Famil
y10: Juanawasr ightfrom the i
sr el
uct antt
oopeni tf
irstbecausehedoesn't
begi
nning--thepearldi
ddest r
oytheirson. wantt oshowt hegodsorGodt hathewantsthe
Thetracker
swhower ef ol
l
owi ngthem kil
l pearlsomuch.Hebel i
ev esthati
fhewantsittoo
Coyoti
to.Kino'
sinsi
stencet hatthepearl much, itwon'thappen,andsohewai tstoopen
wouldfindpeaceandhappi nessf orhis theshel l
.

Page13of13
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

 Superstit
ion8:JuanwarnsKinothatthe
pearliscursedandthathemustgetr idof
Chapt
er3 i
ttopasst heevi
lontosomeoneel se.He
Supersti
ti
on4: Kinowor r
iesthatt
hegodswillget hopest hatKinocanselli
tsoonsot hatt
he
revengeagai nsthimi fhefi
ndssuccess.He evi
l ofthepearlwil
lnotdest
royhi
sf amil
y
knowst hatthegodshat ewhenmenpl anfor beforeKinocanr i
dhimselfofi
t.
success,andnowt hatKinoi
smaki ngpl
ans,he
fearsthatsomet hingwi l
lcomeandr obhi
m of
thi
soppor tunity
. Chapt
er6

 Supersti
ti
on9: WhenKinolooksintothe
pearlandseesonlythetr
agediesthat
 Superstit
ion5: Juanabel i
evesthatt he havebefall
enhisfamil
y,hebeginsto
pearliscur sedbecausei thasbroughtan bel
ievethatthepear
l i
scursed,buthesti
ll
i
ntruderintot heirhome.Shewar nsKi no cannotpartwithi
t.
thati
twi l
l destroythem all
,i
ncludingt hei
r
son,iftheydon' tthrowitbackintothesea,
butKinowon' tli
sten.Hi
sdesi r
etouset he
pearltoeducat ehi ssonandmakeabet t
er  Super sti
ti
on10: Ki noandJuanat hrowt he
l
ifeforhisf amilyistoostrong.Hei gnores pearlbacki ntot heseaaf terCoy otit
ois
Juana'swar ni
ngandkeepst hepear l. kil
ledbyt het racker s.Thecur sedpear l
hasbr oughtaboutt hedeat hoft heirchild
andf orcedKi not oki llt
osur viveand
protecthisfami l
y .Thegr eatpear lhas
Chapt
er4 broughtnot hingbutmi serytoKi noandhi s
 Supersti
ti
on6: Juanastil
lbelievest hatthe family,andt oget hertheyt hrowt hecur sed
pearli
scursed, andsheasksKi not o objectbacki nt othesea.Asi tsinks,t
he
thr
owi tbackintotheseaagai n,buthe musi coft hepear lturnstoawhi sperand
ref
uses.Hei nsi
ststhatiti
st heironl y thendi sappear s.
chanceandhewon' tgiv
eitup.Juana,
howev er
,knowst hatthepear lwillonly
bri
ngmor eev i
landdisastertot hem, and
deci
desshemustt akemat tersi nt
oher
ownhands, andgetr i
doft hepear l. Gr
eedandcor
rupt
ion
 Ast hewor dspr eadst hatKi nohasf ounda
hugepear l
, t
henewsofhi sdi scov ery
Chapt
er5 “stir
redupsomet hingi nfinitelyblackand
ev i
linthet own”;gr eedi sa“ blackdi stil
lat
e”
 Super st
iti
on7: Juanadecidest hatifKi
no
compar abletothepoi sonofascor pion.It
won' tgetri
doft hecursedpear l,
shewi ll
.
i
nf ectsrichandpooral ike.Thebeggar sin
Shet akest hepearlandtri
est othrowit
thest r
eet ,
themer chant s, thepear l buyers,
backi ntotheseat oprotectherfami l
y
thedoct or,andt hel ocal priest —allthinkof
from anymor edanger,butKinost opsher .
thepear lintermsofhowt heymi ghtpr ofi
t
Herf earoft hepearli
swel l
-f
ounded; Kino
from Kino’spossessi ngi t.Gr eeddr ives
beat sherfortryi
ngtogetr i
doft hepear l,
somepeopl einthet ownt ocommi tacts
furtherprovingthatthepearliscursedand
ofv i
olenceagai nstKi noi nat tempt i
ngt o
ev i
l
.IthasmadeKi noat t
ackandhar mt he
steal t
hepear l.Bloodi sshed.
oneper sonhel ovesmost .

Page14of14
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

 Corrupt ionf uel edbygr eedi sev i

denti n payt hedoct ort ot reatCoy otit
of ort he
i
ndiv idual l
ivesandi nsoci et yatl arge.The scor pionst ingt hatcoul dkillhim.I nstead,
doct ori scor rupt edbyhi sl ov eofmoney Coy ot i
to’scondi tioni mpr ov es,ther esult
andf inepossessi ons; i
nasi lkrobe, hesits ofJuana’ streatinghi swoundwi than“ old
i
nhi sbeaut ifulhouse, sippingchocol ate remedy ,”andKi nof indsnotj ustav aluabl
e
fr
om achi nacup, whil
eher efusest oaid pear lbut“ t
hePear l oftheWor ld.”Wi th
Coy ot i
to, whohasbeenst ungbya theset woev ent s, Kino’slifechanges
scorpi on.Thebabyi sonl yanI ndi an,aft
er dramat icall
y.I nt hemagni fi
cenceoft he
all
,andt hedoct or ,heinsist s,isnota huge, per f
ectpear l
, Kinoenv i
sionsaf utur
e
“veterinar y”;mor eov er,Coy ot i
to’sf ather, unlikeanyhehadev erdar edt oimagi ne;
Kino, hasnot hingofv aluet ogi vet othe l
ooki ngi ntothegl owi ngsur faceoft he
doct ori nr eturnf orhi streat ingt hesi ck pear l
, hesees“ dreamsf orm” —new
chil
d.Lat er,thedoct oruseshi sknowl edge clothesf orhi sfami ly,hisandJuana’ s
ofmedi cinet omakear ecov eringCoy oti
to weddi ngi nthechur ch,ahar poonanda
i
llinor dert o“ sav e”him andgai naccess ri
flef orhi msel f,andmostofal l,an
toKi no’spear l
.Int hecol d, cal culated educat i
onf orCoy ot it
o.Kino’ s
perver sionofhi spr ofession, thedoct or cont entmentwi tht he“ Songoft heFami ly
”
exhibi t
shi smor al corruptionasa i
snowl osti n“ themusi coft hepear l”that
physi cianandasahumanbei ng. singswi th“ t
riumph”i nhi m.

 Thedoct or ’sat titudet owar dthenat i

ve  Becomi ngar ichmanchangesKi no’ sl i
fe
Indianpopul ationi srootedi ncent uri
esof i
mmedi atelyinway shedoesnot
colonial conquestandsubj ugat i
on.Hei s anticipateas“ shadowyf i
gures”att emptt o
“ofar acewhi chf ornear lyfourhundr ed steal thepear l
.Hei sattacked,hishomei s
yearshadbeat enandst ar vedandr obbed i
nv aded, andheki l
l
samani nself-def ense
anddespi sedKi no’ srace, andf rightenedi t whenhei sattackedasecondt ime.When
too…. ”Theconsequenceoft hishi stor yi
s Juanat ri
est othr owthepear lbacki nto
acor ruptsoci etydet ermi nedt okeep thesea, beli
evingt hatitisevilandwi ll
Kino’speopl ei mpr i
sonedbypov ertyand dest r
oyt hem, Ki nobeat sherwi thani mal
i
gnor ance.Fr om t hepear lbuy ersi nLaPaz sav ageryandt heni ssickenedbywhathe
(secretr epr esent ativ
esofasi nglebuy er) hasdonet oher .ForKino, possessi ngt he
whoconspi ret opayt heI ndiansasl i
ttleas pear lwithal l
itspr omiseshasbecomean
possibl ef ort hei rpear l
st ot hepr iest obsessi on; hepur suesi tunti
lhisand
whoseser monsadmoni sht heI ndianst o Juana’ sol dli
fei sdestroyedandt hei rbaby
acceptt hei rst at ioninl i
fe,thei nst i
tutions i
sdead.
i
nsoci etywor ki nconcer ttodenyf r
eedom
andj usticet oev er ymemberofKi no’sr ace.
Indoi ngso, thosei npowerenr i
ch  Despitethei niti
aldeathanddest r
uct i
on
themsel v esatt heexpenseoft hepoorand thepear lbri
ngsi ntohisandJuana’ sli
fe,
thepower less. Kinowi l
lnotgi veitup.Rat hert hansel li
t
tothecor ruptpear lbuyersf oressent i
all
y
nothing,hechoosest odef yt hesy stem
Obsessi
on andsel li
tint hecapi t
alforaf ai
rprice;
afterhishousehasbeenbur nedandhi s
I
nChapt
erI
I, canoedest r
oy ed,hestil
lrefusest osel lthe
pearlinLaPaz.“ Thispearl hasbecome
 Kinodi
vesforpear
lsi
nadesperat
e
mysoul ,”Kinosay s.“IfIgivei tupIshal l
at
tempttof
indoneofval
uewithwhicht
o
Page15of15
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

l
osemysoul .
”Leav i
ngt heoldlif
ebehi nd,
het akesJuanaandCoy oti
toonaj ourney
tothecapi tal
,leavingt hetrai
landfleeing Nat
ureofpower
i
nt othemount ainswhent heyaretracked
byt hreemenwhowi ll
kill
them forthe
pear l
.Kinoprev ail
sov erthetrackers,  Powerv s.power l
essnessi sat hemet hat
kil
li
ngt hem all,buthisobsessi onwi t
ht he runst hroughoutThePear l
.Ki no’sr acehas
pear lendsonlywhenher eali
zesCoy otito beensubj ugatedf orcent uriesby
hasdi ed,theinnocentv i
cti
m ofar i
fleshot . Europeancol oni ali
sm.Theoy sterbed
Returningt othev i
llagewi t
hJuanabyhi s wher eKi nof i
ndst hegr eatpear list he
side,Kinot hr
owst hepear li
ntothesea. samebed“ t
hathadr ai
sedt heKi ngof
Spaint obeagr eatpoweri nEur opei n
pasty ear s, hadhel pedt opayf orhi swar s,
Pr
ide andhaddecor atedt hechur chesf orhi s
soul’
ssake. ”Ki no’sconquer edpeopl e
haver emai nedpower l
essf orf ourhundr ed
years, “sincef irstthest ranger scamewi th
 Kino’ssubjugationbysoci et yhasnot argument sandaut hor it
yandgunpowder
destroyedhispr ideorsel f-r espect .Only tobackupbot h.”Onceest ablished, t
he
forfearofCoy otito’sdyingdoesheask, subjugat i
onoft heI ndianshasbeen
hatinhand, forthedoct or’sassi st ance. perpet uat edbysoci et y’
sensur ingt hat
Whenhei sturnedawaywi thanobv ious theyremai npoorandi gnor ant .Anydesi r
e
l
iebyt hedoct or’sservant ,Ki nof eelsso theymi ghthav ef orabet terl i
feis
deeplyhumi l
iatedhei sov er comebyr age. suppr essedbyt hechur ch; thepr iestinLa
Hest andsatt hegat et ot hedoct or ’
s Pazt eachest hateachper sonmust
housef or“alongt ime,”put shi s“ suppliant “remai nf aithful”tohi sst ationi nl if
e,
hatonhi shead, ”andt henst ri
kest hegat e assignedbyGod, inor dert opr ot ectt he
with“acrushingbl ow.”Hewi l
lnotconsent universef rom “ theassaul tsofHel l
.”
tobeingmar ginal i
zed;hi spr i
dewi l
lnot
all
owhi mt oendur epassi v elythedoct or’
s
i
nsult.
 Kinoiswel l awar eofhowpower l
esshei s
i
nl if
e.Afterf i
ndi ngt hepearl,hisdr eams
ofthef utureincludebuy ingar ifle,a
 Kino’spr idei smani fest edagai ninhi s weapont hatgi vesamanpower .Mor e
confront ati
onwi t
ht hepear lbuy ersi nLa signif
icantl
y ,howev er,hedreamsofan
Paz.Knowi ngt hathei sbei ngcheat ed, educat i
onf orhisson.I fCoy otitocoul d
Kinor efusest osel lhispear lt
ot hem; i
n read,“theboywoul dknowwhatt hi
ngs
declaringt hathewi llsel l
thepear l
int he wer einthebooksandwhatt hingswer e
capital,Kinoasser tshi sindependenceand not.”Kinounder standst hatreal powerl i
es
refusest obehumi li
at edagai n.Lat er, i
nknowl edge: “Mysonwi llr
eadandopen
whenKi no’shousei sbur nedandhi s thebooks, andmysonwi llwr i
teandknow
canoedest r oyed, thel ossi smor ethan wr i
ti
ng.Andmysonwi l
lmakenumber s,
mat erial
.ToJuanTomásKi nosay s, “[
a]n andt heset hingswi l
l makeusf ree
i
nsul thasbeenputonmet hatisdeeper becausehewi llknow—hewi llknowand
thanmyl i
fe.”Ki no’spr ide, asmuchashi s throughhi m wewi l
lknow. ”Thepear l
desiret osecur emoneyf orCoy otit
o’ s meansmor et hanweal thtoKi no; itoffer
s
future,demandst hathechal lenget he anendt obei ngt rappedbyi gnor ance.
system t hathol dshi m down.Hehasno “Thisisouronechance, ”het ellsJuana.
choice, forashet ellsJuana, “Iam aman. ” “Oursonmustgot oschool .Hemust
Page16of16
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

breakoutoft hepotthatholdsusi n.
”In t
hatar
esat
isf
iedwi
thwhatt
heyhav
e.
defyi
ngt hepearlbuyer
sandchal lenging
thesystem theyrepr
esent,Kinoiniti
atesa
powerst ruggl
ethatult
imatelyendsi n  Thel essoni nher enti
nKi no’spossessi ng
Coyoti
to’sdeath. “thePear l oftheWor ld”maybef oundin
thischar acterist
icofhumannat ure:t
he
desi r
ef ormor e.Oneofman’ s“greatest
Pr
iceofwi
sdom talents,
”t hest orysuggest s,i
salsoa
cur sethatcr eatesdissatisfact
ionand
dest r
oy scont entment .

 Juanaunder standsf arsoonert hanKi no

thedangeri npossessi ngt hepear l.“Itwill
destroyusal l,
”shecr iesoutt ohi m.“ Even  Bef orefindingt hepear l
,Kinol i
vesa
ourson. ”Af terKi noandJuana’ swayof peacef ul andsecur eexistence, i
nhar mony
l
ifehasbeenobl iter ated—t heirhouse wi t
ht henat ur alworld;hef indshappi ness
burnedandKi no’scanoesmashed—Juan andf ul
fi
llmenti nt hesimpl eroutinesof
Tomásat t
empt st osav ethem f rom hisl i
fe—waki ngupbesi deJuana, li
stening
furt
herdest ructi
on.“ Ther eisadev ili
nt his to“ theli
ttlespl ashofmor ningwav eson
pearl,
”het el
lsKi no.“ Youshoul dhav esol d thebeach, ”wat chingCoy otitosl
eepi nhi s
i
tandpassedont hedev i
l.Perhapsy ou cradl e,
andst andingont hebeachbef ore
canst il
lsel l
itandbuypeacef ory our self.
” dawnt owat cht hesunr i
seoutoft heGul f.
Kinor efuses, cli
ngi ngt ot hepear l although Themor ni ngbef oreKi nof indsthepear li
s
heper ceivesi tdiff er ent l
y :“Ihavei t…AndI “amor ni
ngl ikeot hermor ningsandy et
willkeepi t…nowi ti smymi sfortuneand perfectamongmor nings.”Hel iveswi thi
n
myl if
eandIwi llkeepi t.
”WhenKi noi s “theSongoft heFami ly”;
itr i
ses
caughtupi ndr eamsoft hef uture, he somet i
mes“ toanachi ngchor dthat
beatsJuanaf orat t empt i
ngt ot hrowt he caughtt het hr oat,sayingt hisissaf et
y,
pearlintot heGul f;att heconcl usionoft he thisi swar mt h,thi
si stheWhol e.”
story,itisKinowhor et urnst hepear l to
thesea.Juanast andsbesi dehi m, the
bloodiedbodyoft hei rdeadsonwr apped  Whent hepear l
comesi ntohi spossession,
i
nhershawl —at err i
bl epr i
cet opayf or Kinof orfeit
shi soldlif
ef ornewdr eams;
Kino’sacqui ringwi sdom. hegai nsnot hingandl osesal most
everythingofr ealvalue.Whenheand
Juanar et urnt otheirvil
lagewi t
h
 What ,
howev er
,ist
hewi sdom ofThePear
l, Coyot i
to’sbody ,theyhav ebeen
i
findeeditisaparable?Thequest i
on tr
ansf ormedbygr i
efandseem “ remov ed
remainsunansweredi nthestory
,buta fr
om humanexper i
ence. ”Thepear l
,once
passagefrom thetextsuggestsan l
umi nousandenchant i
ng, nowseemsugl y
i
nterpret
ati
on: andgr ayt oKi no,“l
ikeamal ignantgrowt h.
”
Standingatt hewat er’
sedge, hefli
ngsit
i
ntot hesea“ withallhismi ght .
”Readers
fi
ndmanymeani ngsi nThePear l,as
 Foritissaidthathumansar enever
Stei
nbecki nt ended, butthepr imarytruth
sati
sfi
ed; t
hatyougi vethem onet hingand
ofthest or yseemst obeawar ni
ngas
theywantsomet hingmor e.Andthisis
muchasal esson—t obeawar eoft he
saidindispar
agement ,whereasitisone
humandr iv
et owantmor ethanwehav e
ofthegreatesttalentsthespecieshasand
andt oappr eciateandpr otectwhati struly
onethathasmadei tsuperi
ortoanimal s
Page17of17
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

v
aluabl
einourl
i
vesbef
orei
tisl
ost
. colonizers.Theycont i
nuet osingt he
songst heyhav ei nher it
edf r
om t heir
ancest ors,butt heyal socont i
nuet obe
oppr essedast heirancest orswer e,by
Goodv
sev
il whitepeopl eli
ket hedoct orandbypeopl e
 Thepl otofThePear lisdr i
venbya witheconomi ci nfluencel ikethepear l
-
constantst ruggl ebet weent hemor all
y dealers.Thei roppr essionisbr ought
opposi t
ef orcesofgoodandev i
l.Ev i
lin i
ncr easinglytol ightt hroughoutThePear l
,
ThePear lcanappeari nbot hman( the asKi noat tempt st ocooper atewi t
ht he
doctor)andnat ure( t
hescor pi
on) ;both peopl ewhohav et hepower( themoney ,
evilman( thedoct or )andgoodman( Kino)
; theexper t
ise)tohel phi ssonr ecov er,but
bothugl yshape( t
hescor pion)and aret hev erysamepeopl ethatt r
aditionall
y
beautifulshape( thepear l
).Whi l
et he oppr esspeopl eofKi no’srace.
scorpion’sev iltakest hef orm ofl ethal
poison, man’ sev ilthroughoutt henov el
takesthef orm ofov erri
dinggr eed.The  Intheend, dealingi nt hewor ldofWhi t
e
doctor,forinst ance, isev il
becausehe weal t
handmedi cinel eav esKi noand
actsupongr eedov erhumancar eand Juanai nawor secondi tiont hant heyset
professional responsi bi l
i
ty.Similarly,the outin: theyendupwi thoutason, home, or
neighborsar eev ilwhent heyactupon canoe.Byt hrowi ngt hepear l backi ntot he
greedov ernei ghbor l
yr espect,andKi nois ocean, itseems, Kinoi sat t
empt ingt ofree
evilwhenheact supongr eedov erl ovef or himsel fofthecol onizer s’influenceand
hiswife. escapet heirsystem ofev aluat i
on, to
returntohi sownsetoft raditionsand
values.Asr eader s,wemi ghtal sot akea
 Evili
nt henov el isanomni potent , stepbackandwonderwhet herSt einbeck
destructiveforce.Onemustei therbeari t mi ghthi mselfbegui l
t yoft heki ndofr aci al
(asint hecaseoft hescorpion)orav oi
dit discri
mi nationt hatKi noat tr
ibut est othe
(asint hecaseoft hepearl),becauset o colonizer s,
inconsi stent l
ydescr ibinghim
combati tonl ybr eedsmor eev i
l.When withani mal i
sticchar act eristi
csandby
Kinot r
iest ofightof fthethievesand maki nggener ali
zat i
onsabout“ hispeopl e. ”
protectthepear l,f
orinstance, heendsup
commi tt
ingact sofev i
lhimsel f,onboth
thethievesandhi swife.Kinodoes
destroytheev il
-bearersthatactt oharm
hisfami l
y —hesquashest hescor pi
on,ki
ll
s Val
ueandweal
th
thetracker s,
throwst hepear lintothe
ocean—butheonl ysucceedsi ndoi ngso  Thevalueandeval
uati
onofmat
eri
al
aftertheev il
hasr unitscour seandt he ent
it
iesisacent
ralt
hemeinThePear
l.
poisonhasal readyseepedi n.  Theval ueofthepear l,f
orexampl e,
requi
resr eassessmentt hroughoutt he
novel
: atthemomentofi t
sdi scovery,
it
Race,
tradi
ti
onalandoppr
essi
on seemst obewor thCoy oti
to’sli
fe.Thatt he
pearl
-dealersthensounder esti
mat ethe
 KinoandJuana’sracial
herit
agebot h pri
ceoft hepear lreveal
showdi stantthe
provi
desthem wit
ht hegroundi
ngf orceof monet arywor t
hofsomet hingcanbef rom
ri
tualandtr
adit
ionanddepr i
vesthem of i
tspercei vedvalue,andhowmuchv al
uei s
powerunderthereignofEuropean deter
mi nedbyt hosei npower .Mor eover,

Page18of18
 mkwar
ad89@gmai
l
.com:
+265996645421

thedeterminati
onoft hepear l
’svaluehas
l
itt
letodowi thany t
hinginher enttot he
objectit
sel
f.Ast henarrat ordescribes,a
pearlformsbyanat ural“ accident”
: “
a
grainofsandcoul dli
eint hef oldsof
muscl eandirr
it
at et
hef l
eshunt il
inself-
protecti
onthefleshcoat edt hegrainwi t
h
alayerofsmoot hcement .”

 Kino’scanoe, ont heotherhand, is

descr i
bedast he“ onet hingofv aluehe
ownedi nthewor ld.”Kinopr izeshi scanoe
notasapossessi onbutasa“ sour ceof
food,”at oolthatal lowshi mt of i
shand
diveforpear ls.Itseems, theref ore,t
hat
Kinov aluesthi ngst hatcanhel phi m
providehi mf orhi sfami l
y .Unliket hepear
l,
whosesol efunct ionist obepossessed
andl ookedatandwhosev al
uei s
assigned( arbitraril
y)bypeopl ei npower,
thecanoei sv aluablebecauseofi t
s
functionali
tyandt radit
ion, andi ts
associ ati
onwi tht hedigni tyofwor k.

 ThePear lreveal
st hesl ipperinessofv alue
andev aluat i
on:often, valueisassessedby
thosewhoar ealreadyweal thyand
power f
ul.Whati sv aluabletooneman
(thecanoet oKino)maynotseem
valuabl
et oanot her .Mor eover ,wealthin
thenov elis,infact, notasour ceofwel l
being,butofbadf ortuneormal ici
ous
greed.Int heend, whatr emai nsofv alueto
KinoandJuanai si mmat er
ial andhasno
price:l
ov eandt hef ami ly.

Page19of19