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MOCK TEST 2
Name: ………………………………………… Mark : …………..

I. LISTENING (20 points)

Part 1. You will hear a radio discussion about writing a novel. For questions 1-5, write the letter A, B,
C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. (10 pointts)
1. Why did the man not buy the ring for sale?
A. He doesn't think it is very special. B. Someone else bought it before him.
C. He has no need for a ring. D. The ring is too small.
2. What is the problem with the CD player?
A. The buttons are scratched. B. The CD casing is chipped.
C. The handle is damaged. D. The display is loose.
3. The man is not interested in the leather jacket because:
A. it is stained. B. he already has one.
C. its too expensive. D. the seams are coming undone.
4. What is the customer's initial counter offer for the records?
A. $25 B. $28 C. $30 D. $35
5. From the conversation, what does the customer probably purchase from the merchant in the end?
A. only records B. only a vase
C. some records and a vase D. nothing
Part 2. Complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A
NUMBER for each answer. (10 points)
Instruction Manual For
Example electric motorcycle
Model Number: (6) …………………………..
The motorcycle should travel 30 km, provided that the battery is charged for (7) …………………………..when
the gauge falls below 50 volts. The battery weighs three kg, so care is needed when removing it for
charging.
Complaint Form
Name: Jessie (8) …………………………………..
Type of Complaint: (9) …………………………………..
Address: No. 45 Melrose Road
Ph. No: (10) …………………………………..
Best time to ring: 2 pm
II. PHONETICS (5 points)
Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose stress pattern is different
from the other three of the group.
1. A. volleyball B. attractive C. correctly D. semester
2. A. understand B. recipe C. represent D. referee
Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part is
pronounced differently from the rest.
3. A. takes B. develops C. burns D. laughs
4. A. heating B. heir C. hockey D. hunting

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5. A. shown B. flown C. grown D. crown
III. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (25 points)
Part 1. Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that
best completes each of the following sentences. (15 points)
1. The old building ______ in front of my house is going to be rebuilt next month.
A. which it is B. which is C. for which is D. for which it is
2. The students ______ about the quality of the food they ______ at the cafeteria.
A. complained – had served. B. are complaining – have been served.
C. have complained – are serving. D. complain – were served
3. You’ve got a great suntan!” – “I went away for a few days to ________ my batteries.”
A. recharge B. fulfill C. surcharge D. revitalize
4. He remembered the location, but the exact address ______ him.
A. slipped B. avoided C. forgot D. failed
5. The employee was asked to explain his mistake, but he ______ denied any wrongdoing.
A. openly B. roughly C. fully D. firmly
6. _______ so remarkable is that these birds manage to navigate across the ocean without any guidance.
A. That makes the seagulls’ journey B. The journey of the seagulls is
C. What makes the seagulls’ journey D. The journey of the seagulls, which is
7. No one knows exactly how ancient humans spread across the continents, but researchers believe that
they ______ through land bridges.
A. should have traveled B. would have traveled
C. must have traveled D. ought to have traveled
8. The board of directors recommended that the new policy ______ immediately to address the financial
crisis.
A. will implement B. is implemented C. be implemented D. has been implemented
9. ______ his dedication, experience, and leadership skills, he was the perfect candidate for the
promotion.
A. What with B. If it weren’t for C. Given D. But for
10. The pants are too long for you; they will need to be ______ to fit you perfectly.
A. Shortened B. taken up C. put away D. taken off
11. Achieving such high levels of success requires dedication; you really have to give it your ______.
A. all B. thoughts C. attention D. care
12. Slowly but steadily ______.
A. the ship continued its voyage B. did the ship continue its voyage
C. continued the ship its voyage D. continuing the ship its voyage
13. If the document lacks the official seal, it is deemed _______.
A. invalid and inapplicable B. hit and miss
C. on and off D. null and ineffective
14. “I admire that antique clock you bought. Was it pricey?” “No, I got it for ______.”
A. nearly no cost B. next to worthless
C. almost free D. a fraction of nothing
15. She hasn’t seen ______ event in years.
A. a so exciting B. so exciting an C. so exciting D. the so exciting
Part 2. Read the following advertisement/ announcement and write the letter A, B, C, or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the correct word that best fits each of the numbered blanks. (10 points)
VOLUNTEER WITH OUR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION!

Are you passionate about (16) ______ global issues and making a difference? Our organization is
seeking dedicated individuals to join our mission. We provide opportunities in various areas, including:

 Project coordinators to manage field operations

 Language translators (17) ______ facilitate communication between communities
 IT specialists to (18) ______ our digital presence
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 Fundraising support for our global campaigns

(19) ______ you wish to be part of a dynamic and impactful team, please email us at
info@globalimpact.org.

Our organization (20) ______ on providing sustainable solutions to global challenges. We aim to create a
positive impact in communities across the world, ensuring that resources are used effectively to improve
lives.

16. A. addressing B. discussing C. speaking D. tackling

17. A. who B. whom C. that D. which
18. A. enhance B. enhancing C. enhanced D. to enhance
19. A. If B. Should C. Will D. Could
20. A. relies B. focuses C. depends D. bases

ANNOUNCEMENT OF DEBATE CLUB MEETING

NOTICE OF ADVANCED MATHEMATICS SEMINAR

 We are pleased to inform you that an advanced seminar will take place at 4:00 p.m (21) ______
December 10th in the Auditorium.
 All members are strongly encouraged to attend and (22) ______ contribute to the discussions and
group problem-solving sessions.
 The seminar agenda includes:
o Analyzing the (23) ______ consequences of technological advancements in mathematical
modeling.
o Debating whether (24) ______ countries with emerging economies should allocate more
resources to STEM education.
o Proposing strategies for integrating artificial intelligence in school curricula.

Please confirm your attendance (25) ______ registering through the online form by December 3rd.

21. A. on B. during C. in D. at
22. A. meaningfully B. meaning C. meaning D. mean
23. A. beneficial B. adverse C. indifference D. uncertain
24. A. Some B. X C. The D. All
25. A. upon B. when C. after D. by
IV. LANGUAGE FUNCTION (10 points)
Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences
to make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
1.
a. I’ve always admired people who can speak multiple languages.
b. That’s impressive. How many languages do you speak?
c. It’s not that difficult once you start practicing.
d. I speak four languages fluently.
e. Wow, that’s amazing!
f. I wish I could learn a new language.
A. b-d-e-a-c-f B. a-b-d-e-c-f C. f-a-c-e-b-d D. b-c-a-f-d-e
2.

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a. I was thinking about going to the beach.
b. Do you have any plans for the weekend?
c. That sounds perfect!
d. Maybe we can grab lunch afterward.
e. No, I’m free. What about you?
f. Let’s do it.
A. b-e-a-c-d-f B. e-b-a-c-f-d C. b-c-e-a-f-d D. d-f-b-a-c-e
3.
a. It’s important to find balance in everything.
b. I try to balance work and personal life as much as possible.
c. That’s true. It can be challenging sometimes.
d. How do you manage to stay organized?
e. I use a planner and set goals weekly.
f. That’s a good strategy.
A. d-b-e-f-c-a B. b-d-e-c-f-a C. d-b-a-c-f-e D. e-f-d-b-c-a
4.
a. The hike was quite exhausting, but the view was worth it.
b. What did you do over the weekend?
c. I went hiking with some friends.
d. That sounds like a great adventure!
e. I’ve been wanting to go hiking for a while.
f. You should definitely try it next time.
A. b-c-a-d-e-f B. c-b-d-a-f-e C. b-e-d-c-a-f D. b-c-a-f-d-e
5.
a. It’s essential to plan ahead and set goals.
b. I’ve been struggling to keep up with my studies.
c. Have you considered making a study schedule?
d. That’s a good idea; I’ll give it a try.
e. It helps to organize tasks and manage time better.
f. I think that could really help me stay focused.
A. b-c-a-e-d-f B. a-b-c-e-d-f C. b-a-c-f-e-d D. f-c-b-d-a-e
V. READING (80 points)
Part 1. Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.

In the modern business world, employees must constantly (1)______ their skills to stay competitive.
Companies are placing a greater emphasis on continuous learning and (2)______ development, as
technological advancements rapidly change the landscape of various industries. Employees who fail to
(3)______ their skill sets are often left behind or replaced by those who have adapted to the new
requirements.

To (4)______ this challenge, many organizations provide opportunities for their staff to engage in
workshops, online courses, and other forms of training. Such initiatives not only benefit the individual
employees but also (5)______ positively on the overall productivity and success of the company. In fact,
research has shown that companies that invest in employee education experience a lower turnover rate, as
workers feel more (6)______ and motivated.

Despite these benefits, some employees remain hesitant to participate in these programs due to time
constraints or (7)______ about the effectiveness of such training. Managers, therefore, must communicate
the importance of upskilling and provide (8)______ for staff to balance work and learning.
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In conclusion, the (9)______ for employees to continuously update their skills is no longer a luxury but a
necessity. The future workplace demands flexibility, adaptability, and a commitment to learning. As such,
companies that promote and support employee growth will (10)______ the benefits of a more engaged
and capable workforce.

1. A. refine B. invent C. disguise D. revise

2. A. continual B. constant C. perpetual D. ongoing
3. A. excel B. elevate C. update D. degrade
4. A. cope with B. put up with C. deal for D. come into
5. A. reflects B. inspects C. impacts D. infers
6. A. valued B. embarrassed C. omitted D. declined
7. A. concerns B. complacency C. observations D. doubts
8. A. opportunities B. provisions C. accommodations D. facilities
9. A. requirement B. option C. substitute D. imposition
10. A. gain B. collect C. obtain D. reap

Part 2. Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.

Healthy lifestyles have become a trend, and more people are paying attention to their physical and mental
well-being. (11) _______. For some, this means adopting new eating habits, while for others, it involves
engaging in regular physical activities such as running, yoga, or weightlifting.

The importance of a balanced diet cannot be overstated. Consuming the right amount of fruits, vegetables,
and whole grains (12) _______ the body with the necessary nutrients to function optimally. In addition,
protein-rich foods like fish, chicken, and legumes help in muscle development and repair. On the other
hand, excessive intake of processed foods and sugar can lead to various health issues, including obesity
and diabetes. (13) _______.

Exercise is another crucial aspect of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. It not only strengthens the muscles
and bones but also boosts the immune system and improves mood. Activities like cycling, swimming, and
hiking are excellent ways to stay active while also enjoying nature. (14) _______. Studies have shown
that regular exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and certain types of cancer,
and can also improve mental health by reducing anxiety and depression.

However, it is important to recognize that maintaining a healthy lifestyle is not just about physical health.
Mental well-being plays an equally significant role. Practices such as meditation, journaling, or engaging
in hobbies can greatly (15) _______ stress levels and promote a sense of balance. People who prioritize
their mental health are generally more productive, happier, and able to cope with challenges more
effectively.

In conclusion, achieving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle involves more than just one aspect. It requires
a combination of physical activity, proper nutrition, and mental wellness practices. By finding a balance
between these elements, individuals can lead a more fulfilling and healthier life.

11. A. There are many ways people pursue health and fitness depending on their individual goals.
B. People often choose unhealthy habits despite knowing the benefits of fitness.
C. The majority of people do not realize the importance of balancing nutrition and exercise.
D. It is challenging for most individuals to find the time and energy for physical activity.
12. A. supplies B. supplied C. supplying D. supply
13. A. Nevertheless, many people struggle to maintain such a diet.
B. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor food intake and make healthier choices.
C. On the other hand, people often prefer fast food for convenience.
D. Moreover, a balanced diet must include regular meal schedules.
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14. A. These outdoor activities are not only enjoyable but also provide physical benefits.
B. Moreover, these activities often lead to injuries if not done correctly.
C. The benefits of these exercises are purely physical and not mental.
D. In contrast, many people prefer indoor activities such as weightlifting.
15. A. alleviate B. increase C. ignore D. stimulate

Part 3. Read the passage carefully and write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the following questions. (10 points)

In recent years, the concept of remote work has gained significant traction as technology has allowed for
more flexible work arrangements. Remote work, or telecommuting, involves employees performing their
duties from locations outside the traditional office space, often from home. Proponents of remote work
argue that it offers several benefits, such as increased productivity, reduced commute times, and better
work-life balance. However, critics claim that remote work can lead to feelings of isolation and a lack of
team cohesion.

A study conducted by the International Workplace Group found that over 70% of employees worldwide
work remotely at least one day per week. This shift has led companies to adapt their policies and
infrastructure to accommodate remote work environments. To maintain productivity, companies often use
digital tools like project management software, video conferencing platforms, and instant messaging
applications.

Despite the advantages of remote work, challenges persist. One major concern is the potential blurring of
boundaries between work and personal life. When employees work from home, they may find it difficult
to "switch off," leading to burnout or reduced job satisfaction. Moreover, while some workers thrive in an
independent work environment, others struggle without the structure and social interactions of a physical
office.

16. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The advantages of using technology in the workplace. B. The rise and implications of remote work.
C. The decline of traditional office jobs. D. Strategies for improving workplace productivity.
17. The word traction in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. opposition B. attention C. conflict D. development
18. According to the passage, what is one of the benefits of remote work mentioned by proponents?
A. Improved communication among team members. B. Increased commuting efficiency.
C. Enhanced work-life balance. D. Decreased dependency on technology.
19. The author mentions the use of digital tools like project management software (paragraph 2) to
highlight ______.
A. how technology has revolutionized office work
B. the strategies companies employ to support remote work
C. the difficulties in managing remote teams
D. the importance of software development skills for remote workers
20. The phrase "switch off" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. disconnect from work B. turn off the computer
C. change tasks D. increase focus

Part 4. Read the following passage and write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.

"The Role of Biodiversity in Ecosystem Resilience"

Biodiversity plays a fundamental role in ensuring the resilience and sustainability of ecosystems. An
ecosystem with high biodiversity tends to be more resilient to disturbances such as natural disasters or
human-induced changes. This resilience is primarily due to the presence of a variety of species that fulfill
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similar ecological roles, thereby creating redundancy within the ecosystem. For instance, if one species is
lost, another can potentially take over its ecological function, preventing the collapse of ecosystem
processes.

However, when biodiversity declines, ecosystems become increasingly vulnerable to disturbances. A loss
of key species can trigger cascading effects, causing a breakdown in ecosystem functions. This
phenomenon, known as an ecological cascade, is often irreversible, leading to the permanent alteration of
habitats and loss of ecosystem services. These services, which include pollination, water purification, and
carbon sequestration, are essential for human survival and the stability of global systems.

Biodiversity is not only about the variety of species but also encompasses genetic diversity and the
complexity of interactions within and between ecosystems. Genetic diversity allows species to adapt to
changing environmental conditions, thus maintaining the ecosystem's resilience. Furthermore, the
interactions between species—such as predation, competition, and symbiosis—create a complex web that
stabilizes the ecosystem. When these interactions are disrupted, ecosystems may experience a shift in
their state, sometimes resulting in less productive or less stable configurations.

The concept of keystone species is crucial in understanding the dynamics of biodiversity and ecosystem
resilience. Keystone species are those whose presence and role have a disproportionately large impact on
their environment relative to their abundance. The removal of a keystone species often leads to significant
changes in ecosystem structure and function, demonstrating the delicate balance and interdependence
within ecosystems.

Conservation biologists emphasize the importance of maintaining and enhancing biodiversity to prevent
such ecological shifts. While efforts such as habitat restoration and the establishment of protected areas
are crucial, the underlying causes of biodiversity loss—such as climate change, habitat fragmentation, and
pollution—must be addressed at a global level. Only through an integrated approach can the long-term
resilience of ecosystems be ensured.

21.According to the passage, what is the main reason ecosystems with high biodiversity are more
resilient? A. They contain species that can fulfill multiple ecological roles simultaneously.
B. They have more genetic diversity, which allows for adaptation to disturbances.
C. They have a redundancy of species that can replace each other’s ecological roles.
D. They feature fewer ecological interactions, reducing competition.
22.The term ecological cascade in paragraph 2 most likely refers to ______.
A. the gradual recovery of ecosystems after disturbances.
B. a sequence of detrimental changes following the loss of key species.
C. the natural succession of species in a changing environment.
D. the integration of human activities into ecosystem management.
23. What is implied about genetic diversity in the passage?
A. It is the primary factor determining the number of species in an ecosystem.
B. It increases the likelihood of species extinction due to environmental changes.
C. It enhances the adaptability of species, thus contributing to ecosystem resilience.
D. It leads to simpler and less complex ecosystems over time.
24. Which of the following statements about keystone species best reflects the author's viewpoint?
A. Their removal has minimal impact due to the redundancy in ecosystems.
B. They play a vital role in maintaining the stability of ecosystems.
C. They are the most abundant species in any given ecosystem.
D. Their interactions are mainly competitive rather than symbiotic.
25. In paragraph 3, the author suggests that ecosystem interactions ______.
A. are unimportant for ecosystem stability.
B. can be simplified without affecting the ecosystem.
C. contribute to the overall resilience of ecosystems.
D. are less complex in ecosystems with lower biodiversity.
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26. The word disproportionately in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. Equally B. significantly C. fairly D. symmetrically
27. What can be inferred about conservation strategies based on the passage?
A. They are only effective if they focus on keystone species.
B. They must address both local and global causes of biodiversity loss.
C. They are independent of global climate policies.
D. They focus primarily on the genetic diversity within species.
28. According to the passage, biodiversity’s role in ecosystem services includes all of the following
EXCEPT ______.
A. pollination of crops. B. water purification.
C. nutrient recycling. D. soil erosion prevention.
29. The author’s primary purpose in the passage is to ______.
A. argue against human intervention in ecosystems.
B. describe the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem resilience.
C. advocate for the removal of keystone species for ecosystem balance.
D. explain the importance of ecosystem services for agricultural development.
30. Look at the four squares [■] where the following sentence could be inserted in the passage:
Such species ensure the functioning of critical processes, such as nutrient cycling and energy flow.
Where would the sentence best fit?
(A) [■] after paragraph 1 (B) [■] after paragraph 2
(C) [■] after paragraph 3 (D) [■] after paragraph 4

Part 5. Read the text and do the tasks that follow. (20 points)
The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-G.
For questions 31-37, choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph.
Questions: List of Headings:

31. Paragraph A ______. i. The balance between modernizing housing and maintaining affordability
32. Paragraph B ______. ii. A rise in safety measures and crime prevention initiatives
33. Paragraph C ______. iii. The importance of engaging the community in the planning process
34. Paragraph D ______. iv. Social programs for improving residents’ skills and opportunities
35. Paragraph E ______. v. The need for diverse housing options in urban regeneration
36. Paragraph F ______. vi. A model for future urban development projects
37. Paragraph G ______. vii. The initial goals and outcomes of the regeneration project
viii. The economic impacts and debates over the project’s long-term
effects
ix. The involvement of architectural firms in achieving community-
friendly designs

"Urban Regeneration and Community Development in Eastern Suburbs"

A. Urban regeneration in the eastern suburbs has been a long-term project, involving the redesign and
revitalization of numerous housing units and public spaces. The area, once characterized by aging
infrastructure and a lack of modern amenities, has undergone a significant transformation to become a
model for community development. The project aimed not only to improve physical conditions but also to
foster a sense of community belonging and social cohesion.

B. One of the main challenges in the eastern suburbs was addressing the high levels of crime and social
isolation among residents. Before the regeneration project, the area was known for its high crime rate and
a general sense of unease among its inhabitants. The local government, in partnership with various
organizations, introduced a series of measures designed to enhance security and create a safer
environment. These measures included improved lighting, community patrols, and the installation of
surveillance systems in public areas.
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C. In addition to physical improvements, the project prioritized the social and economic empowerment of
residents. Job training programs and educational initiatives were launched to help residents gain new
skills and improve their employment prospects. Community centers were established as hubs for social
interaction, and various cultural events were organized to celebrate the diversity of the population.

D. An important aspect of the regeneration effort was the redesign of housing units to accommodate the
needs of different demographics, including families, elderly residents, and people with disabilities. The
architectural firms involved developed a range of housing options to suit various family sizes and
preferences. Special attention was given to creating accessible and affordable housing while ensuring that
the designs were aesthetically pleasing and blended well with the existing landscape.

E. Despite the success of the regeneration project, there have been concerns regarding the displacement of
long-term residents. As property values in the area increased, some residents found it difficult to remain
in their homes due to rising rents and property taxes. To address this issue, local authorities implemented
policies aimed at providing rental assistance and preventing forced displacement, but the effectiveness of
these measures remains under debate.

F. The role of community involvement in the planning and implementation of the regeneration project
cannot be understated. From the outset, residents were invited to participate in town hall meetings and
planning sessions to voice their concerns and preferences. This approach helped build trust between the
community and the authorities and ensured that the final designs reflected the needs and aspirations of
those who live there.

G. Moving forward, the urban regeneration initiative in the eastern suburbs serves as a model for similar
projects in other areas. It demonstrates that effective urban planning requires not only physical upgrades
but also social and economic investment. Authorities are now considering expanding the model to other
parts of the city, using lessons learned from the eastern suburbs to create more cohesive and vibrant
communities.

For questions 38-40, complete the sentences below using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND
/OR A NUMBER from the passage.

1. Rising (38)______ in the area have raised concerns about the affordability of housing for long-
term residents.
2. Authorities worked closely with (39)______ firms to create diverse and accessible housing
options for the community.
3. The project prioritized (40)______ development alongside physical infrastructure improvements
to create a holistic approach.

VI. WRITING (60 points)

Part 1. Write the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the
sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions. (10 points)

1. a. With the rising global temperatures, more and more species are finding it difficult to survive in their
natural habitats.
b. Climate change has become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
c. For instance, polar bears are struggling to find food as the ice they rely on melts away.
d. This has led to a rapid decline in biodiversity and disruptions in ecosystems.
e. The effects of climate change are becoming increasingly visible worldwide.

A. b-e-a-d-c B. e-b-d-c-a C. d-a-c-e-b D. a-d-e-b-c

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2. a. Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, are becoming increasingly popular as
alternatives to fossil fuels.
b. The shift towards these cleaner energy options is essential to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate
climate change.
c. Governments worldwide are offering incentives and subsidies to encourage businesses and individuals
to adopt renewable energy.
d. However, the implementation of these technologies can be challenging, especially in regions with
limited resources or political instability.
e. To overcome these challenges, international cooperation and investment in technology development
are crucial.
f. Ultimately, transitioning to renewable energy will require a combination of policy support,
technological innovation, and public awareness.

A. a-b-d-e-c-f B. a-c-b-e-d-f C. a-b-c-d-e-f D. a-e-d-b-c-f

3. a. Urbanization is a global trend that continues to shape cities and communities as people move from
rural to urban areas in search of better opportunities.
b. This movement results in the expansion of cities, which must then adapt to accommodate growing
populations.
c. However, rapid urbanization often leads to challenges such as overcrowding, pollution, and
inadequate infrastructure.
d. City planners and governments are developing sustainable solutions like public transportation systems
and green spaces to address these issues.
e. Integrating technology, such as smart city initiatives, helps manage resources more efficiently and
improves the quality of life for residents.
f. A holistic approach that includes economic, social, and environmental considerations is essential for
sustainable urban development.

A. a-b-c-d-e-f B. a-c-b-e-d-f C. a-b-d-c-e-f D. a-b-c-e-d-f

4. a. Space exploration has opened up new frontiers in science and technology, expanding our
understanding of the universe.
b. The launch of satellites has allowed for advanced communication systems and global navigation
capabilities.
c. Human space missions, like the Apollo program, have not only showcased technological prowess but
also inspired generations.
d. In recent years, private companies have entered the space race, developing reusable rockets and
aiming for Mars colonization.
e. International collaboration, such as the International Space Station (ISS), demonstrates the potential of
working together for scientific progress.
f. Space exploration, however, is not without challenges, including the high cost and risks associated
with space travel.
g. Some critics argue that resources should be focused on solving issues on Earth rather than investing in
space missions.
h. Despite these concerns, many experts believe that space exploration is crucial for the future of
humanity, providing potential solutions to global problems.
i. As technology advances, the possibilities of space travel and exploration will continue to grow,
opening new paths for discovery.
j. Exploring space requires not only technological innovation but also a shared vision for the future
among nations.

A. a-c-b-d-e-f-h-i-g-j B. a-b-c-e-d-f-h-i-g-j C. a-c-b-d-e-f-g-h-i-j D. b-a-c-d-e-f-g-i-h-j

5.
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a. Initially, humans settled near rivers and fertile lands as agriculture became the foundation of
civilizations.
b. Throughout history, humans have migrated and settled in different regions for various reasons.
c. Over time, these settlements grew into towns and cities, fostering the development of culture and
commerce.
d. The discovery of valuable resources, such as gold and oil, often attracted large populations to
previously uninhabited areas.
e. In the modern era, economic opportunities in urban areas continue to drive migration and urbanization.
f. Despite these advancements, rural areas still face challenges such as lack of infrastructure and
opportunities.
g. Governments must address these disparities to ensure balanced and sustainable development across
regions.
h. Migration is not just a historical phenomenon but a dynamic process that shapes societies continuously.

A. b-a-c-d-f-e-g-h B. b-d-a-c-e-h-g-f C. a-d-b-e-c-f-g-h D. b-a-c-d-e-f-g-h

Part 2. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
original one. Write your answers in the answer sheet. (10 points)
6. The employees need to complete the project by the end of this week.
→ Deadline ....................................................................................................................................................
7. She put in a lot of effort to win the competition.
→ With ...........................................................................................................................................................
8. I immediately recognized his voice when he called.
→ No sooner ..................................................................................................................................................
9. The proposal received strong support from all members.
→ Unanimous ................................................................................................................................................
10. He strictly follows his workout routine every morning.
→ Adherence .................................................................................................................................................
Part 3. Rewrite the following sentences using the capitalised words in brackets in such a way that the
second sentence has the same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the given word.
Write your answers in the answer sheet. (10 points).
11. She only allowed him to stay for a brief moment. (MOMENT)
→ ..................................................................................................................................................................
12. The window was completely broken after the strong storm. (SMITHEREENS)
→ ..................................................................................................................................................................
13. The old car engine starts and stops irregularly. (JERKS)
→ ..................................................................................................................................................................
14. The manager didn't inform the staff about the upcoming changes. (CLUE)
→ ..................................................................................................................................................................
15. Can you reach the museum by foot from the train station? (REACHABLE)
→ ..................................................................................................................................................................

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Part 4. Essay writing (30 points)
Some people believe that tourism has positive effects on a country, while others think it causes various
problems.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience.
Write at least 250 words.
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