August 2011

[KZ 6256] Sub. Code : 6256

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
Paper II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND
KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256
Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
I. LONG ESSAYS (2X20=40)

1. Describe in detail about Newton’s laws of motion.

2. Discuss the biomechanical analysis of running gait versus walking.

II. SHORT NOTES (8X5=40)

1. Calculation of centre of gravity of the body.

2. Muscular weakness and atrophy
3. Closed chain motion of the elbow.
4. Functional position of the wrist.
5. Analyze placing the hand behind the head.
6. Balancing of the head and vertebral column.
7. Load-deformation curve.
8. Loading of the foot.

III. SHORT ANSWERS (10X2=20)

1. Ballistic movement.
2. Articularis genu.
3. Postural set.
4. Corset muscle.
5. Tarsal canal.
6. Common hip axis.
7. Kinesthesia and proprioception.
8. Pelvic balance.
9. Gluteus medius limp.
10.Patellar plicae.


*******
 February 2012
[LA 6256] Sub. Code: 6256
BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY EXAMINATION
SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND
KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code: 746256

Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. Explain the structure configuration of hip joint in relation to weight bearing

in unilateral and bilateral stance along with factors contributing for its
stability.

2. Describe the normal curves of vertebral column and discuss the factors
responsible for its mobility and stability.

II. Write notes on: (8X5=40)

1. Parameters of gait
2. Scapulo humeral rhythm
3. Determinants of gait
4. Bursae around knee
5. Talocalaneo navicular joint
6. Optimal posture
7. Reverse action
8. Pivot joint

III. Short Answers: (10X2=20)

1. Synergist
2. Angular Velocity
3. Concentric Exercise
4. Sacral vertebrae
5. Acromic clavicular joint
6. Lumbricals
7. Lordosis
8. Line of gravity
9. Second class lever
10. Law of inertia
*******
[LB 6256] AUGUST 2012 Sub. Code: 6256
SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY
AND KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
(180 Min) Answer ALL questions in the same order.
I. Elaborate on: Pages Time Marks
(Max.)(Max.)(Max.)
1. Analyze posture and explain the postural deviations. 19 33 20

2. a. Enumerate the effect of limitation of hip joint motion

on lumbar spine.
b. Compare architectural characteristics on functions
of quadriceps versus hamstring muscles. 19 33 20

II. Write notes on:

1. Composition of the connective tissue. 3 8 5
2. Axial rotation in the knee joint. 3 8 5
3. Ways to reduce forces acting on the femoral head. 3 8 5
4. Rotator cuff stabilization. 3 8 5
5. Loading of the foot. 3 8 5
6. Excitation-contraction coupling. 3 8 5
7. Compare action of anconeus and triceps. 3 8 5
8. Cross-eyed patella. 3 8 5

III. Short Answers:

1. Point of application of force. 1 5 2
2. Junctura tendinae. 1 5 2
3. Scaption. 1 5 2
4. Isoinertial exercise. 1 5 2
5. Perturbation. 1 5 2
6. Quadriceps angle. 1 5 2
7. Convex-concave principle. 1 5 2
8. Sustentaculum tali. 1 5 2
9. Volar wrist musculature. 1 5 2
10. Vincula tendinum. 1 5 2

*******
[LC 6256] FEBRUARY 2013 Sub. Code: 6256
SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND
KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code: 746256
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
( 180 Min)

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. Describe the tissue present in human joints and mention general effects of
injury and disease.
2. Explain about effect of injury and developmental defects of vertebral column.

II.Short Notes: (8X 5=40)

1. Structures limiting motion in supination and pronation

2. Cumulative strain in tendons
3. Clavicular contribution to elevation of arm
4. Effects of immobilization in a lengthened versus a shortened position
5. Compensatory posture
6. Index of Insall and Salviti
7. Joint receptors
8. Triceps surae

III.Short Answers: (10X2=20)

1. Reverse action
2. Bunnell’s sign
3. Pes Anserinus
4. Lister’s tubercle
5. Dowager’s hump
6. Sternoclavicular disk
7. Nutation
8. Divergent muscle pull
9. Voluntary control
10. Hysteresis.

*****
[LD 6256] AUGUST 2013 Sub. Code: 6256
SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND
KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. Discuss in detail the articulating structure, osteokinematics and

arthrokinematics of the tibio-femoral joint. Add a note on pathomechanics
of knee joint
2. Explain the general properties of connective tissue

II. Write Notes on: (8X5=40)

1. Codman’s paradox
2. Passive insufficiency
3. Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)
4. Pelvic tilts
5. Determinants of gait
6. Pronation twist of tarsometatarsal joint
7. Lordosis and Kyphosis
8. Power grip

III. Short Answer: (10X2=20)

1. Cadence
2. Agonists and Antagonists
3. Waddling gait
4. Volar plate
5. Pars interarticularis
6. Subacromial space
7. Functional position of the hand
8. Close – packed position
9. Carrying angle
10. Angulation of the femur

*******
[LE 6256] FEBRUARY 2014 Sub. Code: 6256
SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND
KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. What is Prehension? Explain power grip and precision handling in detail with
examples.
2. Explain the structure and function of Plantar arches in detail.

II. Write notes on: (8X5=40)

1. Explain about Pes planus

2. Phases of Gait cycle
3. Explain patella as an Anatomic Pulley
4. Stress and strain
5. Explain about the function of cervical region
6. Advantages and disadvantages of Coracoacromial arch
7. Explain Tennis Elbow
8. Differentiate Coxa valga from Coxa vara

III. Short Answers: (10X2=20)

1. What is Cadence?
2. What is Calcaneal gait?
3. Define Torque
4. What is the instantaneous axis of rotation?
5. What is a motor unit?
6. Attachment of thoracolumbar fascia
7. What is glenoid labrum?
8. What is carrying angle?
9. Name the ligaments of Hip joint
10. What is patella baja?

*******
[LF 6256] AUGUST 2014 Sub. Code: 6256

SECOND YEAR/III & IV SEMESTER BPT EXAM

PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND
KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. What is Scapulohumeral rhythm? Explain the phases of scapulohumeral
rhythm in detail with neat diagram.

2. Describe why using a cane on the side opposite to hip joint pain
or weakness is more effective than using the cane on the same side.
II. Write Notes on: (8X5=40)
1. What is “Q” angle of knee joint? How is it measured and what implications
does it have for patellofemoral problems?
2. Explain the coupled movements of subtalar pronation and supination
3. Fixed support synergies
4. Explain stair gait cycle.
5. Explain the factors affecting muscle function
6. Explain the ligaments of Radioulnar joints
7. Explain about the extensor mechanism of wrist and hand
8. Explain Newton’s law of inertia with example.
III. Short Answer: (10X2=20)
1. What is Scaption?
2. Attachment of medial collateral ligament of knee joint
3. State the ligaments of Talonavicular joint
4. What is the normal postural sway?
5. Define moment arm
6. Give example for a trochoid joint
7. What are zygapophyseal joints?
8. What is lumbosacral angle?
9. What are the pelvic floor muscles?
10. What is Nutation and counternutation?

*******
[LG 6256] FEBRUARY 2015 Sub. Code: 6256

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER BPT EXAM

PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 marks
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe in detail about the articulating structures kinematics of Tibiofemoral joint

and related Pathomechnics.
2. Pathomechanics of gait.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Osteokinematics of hip joint

2. Winging of scapula
3. Locking and Unlocking of knee
4. Tensile forces
5. Centre of gravity and Line of gravity
6. Functions of hand
7. Talocalcaneo navicular joint
8. Trabecular system of hip joint

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Moment arm
2. Fibrous joint
3. Slow-twitch oxidative fibres
4. Lumbar-pelvic rhythm
5. Ballistic movement
6. Agonist and antagonist
7. Law of inertia
8. Cross eyed patella
9. Volar wrist musculature
10. Junctura tendinae

*******
[LH 6256] AUGUST 2015 Sub. Code: 6256

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code: 746256
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Analyse posture and explain the postural deviation.

2. Describe the structure and function of vertebral column.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Codman’s paradox.
2. Triangular fibrocartilage complex.
3. Index of Insall and Salviti.
4. Proprioception.
5. Shoulder joint stability.
6. Anconeus and Triceps.
7. Optimal posture.
8. Nurse maid’s elbow.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Pars Interarticularis.
2. Angulations of femur.
3. Bunnell’s sign.
4. Dowgers hump.
5. Patella Alta and Baja.
6. Seasamoid bone.
7. Coupled motions.
8. Claw toe and hammer toe.
9. Levers.
10. Carrying angle.

*******
[LI 6256] FEBRUARY 2016 Sub. Code: 6256

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER BPT EXAM

PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Kinetics, Kinematics and Pathomechanics of lumbar spine.

2. Explain the structure, configuration of hip joint in relation to weight bearing in
unilateral and bilateral stance with stability factors.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Tonic and Phasic muscles.

2. Metatarsal break.
3. Inversion and Eversion.
4. Osteokinematics and Arthrokinematics.
5. Lumbricals.
6. Active and Passive insufficiency.
7. Torque.
8. Factors affecting normal posture.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Pulleys.
2. Gait determinants.
3. Mechanical advantage.
4. Pes Planus.
5. Supinator twist.
6. Vertical steering muscles of Shoulder joint.
7. Fast-twitch fibres.
8. Cubitus Valgus and Cubitus Varus.
9. Force and Acceleration.
10. Load deformation curve.

*******
[LJ 6256] AUGUST 2016 Sub. Code: 6256

SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM

PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Biomechanics of Knee joint.

2. Factors of mobility and stability in Spine.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Explain active and passive tension.

2. Plantar arches – mechanism.
3. Centre of gravity and its application.
4. Reverse scapulohumeral rhythm.
5. Weight transference in single stance.
6. Prehension.
7. Coxa valga and coxa vara.
8. Mechanical advantage - therapeutic use.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Extensor hood.
2. Trendelenberg sign.
3. Line of gravity.
4. Accessory movements.
5. Role of upperlimb in gait.
6. Rocker bottom foot.
7. Grip.
8. Osteokinematics.
9. Arcuate lines.
10. Tensile forces.

*******
 [LK 6256] FEBRUARY 2017 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Compare and contrast biomechanics of Hip and Shoulder Joint.

2. Biomechanics of Gait.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Anatomical pulley.
2. Stress and strain.
3. Squat lifting versus stoop lifting.
4. Pronation and supination.
5. Insufficiency.
6. Factors affecting muscle functions.
7. Functions of intervertebral disc.
8. Gravity its uses in therapeutics.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Nucleus pulposus.
2. Posture.
3. Grasp.
4. Angle of femoral torsion – function.
5. Second order lever an example.
6. Resistance.
7. Functional position of hand.
8. Hookes law.
9. Optimal length.
10. Q-angle.

*******
[LL 6256] AUGUST 2017 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss in detail the prehension activities of the Hand.

2. Discuss in detail the kinematic variables that describe the motion.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Describe coupled motions with two examples.

2. Intervertebral disc – its structure and function.
3. Pathomechanics of supraspinatus impingement.
4. Kinematic chains.
5. Mechanical stress and structural adaptation of femur.
6. Effects of gravity on posture.
7. Temporal and distance variables in gait.
8. Coxa valga and coxa vara.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Ataxic gait.
2. Nursemaid’s elbow.
3. Extensor expansion.
4. Force couple.
5. Arthrokinematics.
6. Passive insufficiency of muscle.
7. Cadence.
8. Enthesis.
9. Layers of articular cartilage.
10. Phases of gait cycle.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LM 6256] FEBRUARY 2018 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Explain three orders of Levers with examples. Add a note on mechanical

advantage.

2. Describe the relationship between the Zygapophyseal joints and the Interbody
joints of vertebral column.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Describe dynamic stabilization of glenohumeral joint.

2. Explain the structure and function of the ligaments associated with proximal
radioulnar joint.
3. Draw and explain the angulation of the femur.
4. Explain fixed support synergies with examples.
5. Differentiate isokinetic and isoinertial exercise and testing.
6. Explain the structure and function of plantar aponeurosis.
7. Explain the determinants of gait.
8. Write about the attachments and functions of cruciate ligaments of tibiofemoral
joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. What is synostosis?
2. What is a motor unit?
3. What is Bunnell’s Sign?
4. What is dorsal inter-calated segmental instability?
5. Write the attachment of spring ligament.
6. What is Genu recurvatum?
7. State two functions of volar plate.
8. What is metatarsal break?
9. Draw the Feiss line.
10. Name two structures that maintain the palmar arch.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LN 6256] AUGUST 2018 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Write the structure and function of the Hip joint, with the Hip joint pathology.

2. Write the structure and contractile unit of a muscle. Write the types of muscle
fibre and the types of muscle contraction.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Active insufficiency.
2. Locking and unlocking mechanism of knee joint.
3. Concurrent force system.
4. Synovial joint and its subdivision.
5. Law of inertia.
6. Knee joint incongruence.
7. Pelvic tilt.
8. Centre of gravity.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Claw toes.
2. Axes and planes.
3. Hook grip.
4. Arches of foot.
5. Spurt and shunt muscle.
6. Facet joint.
7. Tenodesis.
8. Synostosis.
9. Shear.
10. Golgi tendon.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LO 6256] FEBRUARY 2019 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Difference between Phasic and Tonic muscle and add the notes on active and
passive insufficiency.

2. Describe the general effects of injury and disease of the joint structure.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Centre of gravity.
2. Isokinetic exercise.
3. Concentric exercise.
4. Intervertebral disc.
5. Carrying Angle.
6. Coxa vara.
7. Tennis and nurse – maid’s Elbow.
8. Q angle of knee joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Synarthrosis.
2. What is scaption?
3. Pescavus.
4. Waddling gait.
5. Postural muscle.
6. Pad to pad grip.
7. Synovial joint.
8. Scapulo humeral rhythm.
9. Force vectors.
10. Accessory movements.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 6256] AUGUST 2019 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss the Kinematics and Kinetics of Patella Femoral Joint adding note on
applied anatomy also.

2. Discuss in detail the Kinematic variables that describe the motion of

Scapulothoracic and Glenohumeral joint.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Frontal plane deviations from optimal vertebral alignment.

2. Properties of tendon.
3. Flexor mechanism of hand.
4. Analysis of sitting posture.
5. Types of muscle fibers and its function.
6. Abnormal gait due to muscle paralysis.
7. Muscles and movements of Radioulnar joint.
8. Ligaments of knee.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Intercalated segment.
2. Squeeze film lubrication.
3. Step width.
4. Campers chiasma.
5. Counternutation.
6. Function of metatarsophalangeal joint.
7. Ligamentum teres.
8. Latissimus Dorsi.
9. Muscle spindle.
10. Joint play.

********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LQ 6256] FEBRUARY 2020 Sub. Code: 6256

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe the structure and functions of Hip joint.

2. Analyze posture with respect to the optimal alignment and brief about postural
deviations.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Describe the role of sternoclavicular joint in shoulder movements.

2. Describe the role of muscles that maintain the erect posture.
3. Describe the role of Cruciate ligaments in knee stability
4. Describe the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles.
5. Factors affecting the mobility of the lumbar vertebral column.
6. Describe scapula humeral rhythm and codman’s paradox.
7. Describe the role of interossei and lumbricals at the MCP and IP joints.
8. Describe the functions of Tibiofemoral joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Cadence.
2. Anteversion and Retroversion.
3. Coracoacromial arch.
4. Equinus gait.
5. Types of hand grip.
6. Muscles of elevation of shoulder.
7. Components of force.
8. Synergist and fixator.
9. Ligaments of Bigelow.
10. Prehension.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LR 1220] DECEMBER 2020 Sub. Code: 6256

(AUGUST 2020 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe the postural deviations from optimal alignment in the frontal plane.

2. Describe in detail the structure and function of Humeroulnar and Humeroradial

joints.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Explain the structure and function of scapulothoracic joint.

2. Describe the structure and function of thoracolumbar fascia.
3. Explain force velocity relationship.
4. Describe the layers and functions of joint capsule.
5. Write about the ligaments supporting the subtalar joint.
6. Explain the mechanism of finger flexion.
7. Compare running verses walking gait.
8. Describe the motions of patella with diagrams.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. State the six main ligaments associated with intervertebral and zygapophyseal
joints.
2. What is normal sway envelope?
3. What is spodylolisthesis?
4. Draw the angle of wiberg.
5. What is patellar plica?
6. Define torque.
7. Write the attachment and function of Ligamentum Teres.
8. What is Hysteresis?
9. What are joint reaction forces?
10. What is Young’s modulus?

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0921] SEPTEMBER 2021 Sub. Code: 6256

(FEBRUARY 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR - (Regulations of 2004-2005 and 2006-2007 admitted candidates
are merged with 2010-2011)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define gait and explain in detail about the pathomechanics of gait.

2. Describe the tissues present in human joints and mention general effects of injury
and disease.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Structure and function of Plantar arches.

2. Differentiate coxa valga from coxa vara.
3. Explain about function of the cervical region.
4. Explain about pes planus.
5. Centre of gravity.
6. Concurrent force system.
7. Volar plate.
8. Lumbar pelvic rhythm.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Moment arm of a force.

2. Shear force.
3. Grip.
4. Subacromial space.
5. Force vectors.
6. Joint Play.
7. H zone.
8. Intercalated segment.
9. Squeeze film lubrication.
10. Waddling gait.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 6256

(AUGUST 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR – (Regulations of 2004-2005 & 2006-2007 are merged with 2010-2011)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY AND KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746256

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe hip joint in brief and give its biomechanics in detail. Brief on its
Pathomechanics also.
2. Define and describe Gait. Explain any three pathological gaits in detail.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Length – tension relationship in a muscle.

2. Ergonomics.
3. Lumbo sacral rhythm.
4. Bilateral stance.
5. Motor unit and its firing.
6. Prehension.
7. Arthro kinematics in shoulder.
8. Pes Cavus.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Genu Valgum.
2. Arcuate lines.
3. ISO inertia.
4. Extensor expansion.
5. Plane of thumb.
6. Carrying angle.
7. Creep behavior.
8. Trendelenberg’s sign.
9. Locking mechanism.
10. Angle of pull.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 6277] AUGUST 2019 Sub. Code: 6277

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Explain the details of joint classification with examples and add note on Joint
receptors.

2. Describe the Kinetics and Kinematics of Knee joint. Add a note on applied
anatomy of Knee Joint.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Angles of Hip joint.

2. Viscoelasticity.
3. Factors affecting muscle functions.
4. Scapula humeral rhythm.
5. Determinants of Gait.
6. Supinator twist & Pronator twist.
7. Anterior cruciate ligament.
8. Ground reaction force.
9. Pregnancy posture.
10. Supra humeral arch.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Avulsion.
2. Gomphosis.
3. Cubitus valgus.
4. Zona orbicularis.
5. Pes anserinus.
6. H zone.
7. Postural sway.
8. Stride length.
9. Trendelenburg gait.
10. Sacromere.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LQ 6277] FEBRUARY 2020 Sub. Code: 6277

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
SECOND YEAR
PAPER II – BIOMECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY

Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Explain about Postural analysis and Postural deviations.

2. What is Arch? Explain the details of plantar arches.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Linear force system.

2. Length tension relationship.
3. Ligamentum Flavum.
4. Extensor mechanism of wrist & fingers.
5. Bursae around knee joint.
6. Subtalar Axis.
7. Meniscus.
8. Codman’s paradox.
9. Sliding filament theory.
10. Sensory receptors.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Torque.
2. Proteoglycans.
3. Volar plate.
4. Housemaid’s knee.
5. Woven bone.
6. Ligamentum teres.
7. Trigger finger.
8. Mechanical advantage.
9. Lister’s tubercle.
10. Hoop stress.

******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LR 1220] DECEMBER 2020 Sub. Code: 6277

(AUGUST 2020 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
(New regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Describe the details of static and dynamic stabilization of Shoulder joint.

2. Explain the structure of configuration of Knee joint with factors contributing for
its stability.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Stress and Strain.

2. Corocoacromial arch.
3. Muscles contribution to the arches.
4. Pelvic tilt.
5. Screw home mechanism.
6. Anatomical Pulleys.
7. Ideal posture.
8. Physiological valgus at knee.
9. Young Modulus.
10. ‘T’ tubules.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Ovoid joint.
2. Alar ligament.
3. Patella alta & baja.
4. Power grip.
5. Index plus foot & index minus foot.
6. Angle of wiberg.
7. Hallux rigidus.
8. Cross eyed patella.
9. Potential energy.
10. Chondrocytes.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0921] SEPTEMBER 2021 Sub. Code: 6277

(FEBRUARY 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Explain about the biomechanical properties of connective tissues.

2. Explain the structure configuration of hip joint in relation to weight bearing in
unilateral and bilateral stance along with factors contributing for its stability.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Sensory receptors in muscle.

2. Supination and pronation twist.
3. Extensor Expansion.
4. Scapulo-humeral rhythm.
5. Concurrent force system.
6. Triangular Fibro-Cartilage Complex (TFCC).
7. Determinants of gait.
8. Intervertebral disc.
9. Patello-Femoral joint reaction force.
10. Osteokinematic and arthrokinematics.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Synergist.
2. Scaption.
3. Angle of Wiberg.
4. Lister tubercle.
5. Cadence.
6. Torque.
7. Patella baja.
8. Moment arm.
9. Fibrous joint.
10. Couple motion.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 6277

(AUGUST 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR (Regulations from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Describe in detail the function and biomechanics of lumbar spine and also its
Pathomechanics.
2. Give in detail the interaction between the spine, pelvis, hip, knee ankle and foot
and upper limbs in gait.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Hand Function.
2. Importance of angles and curves in femur.
3. Elasticity and it’s effects over joints.
4. Arches of foot and its biomechanics.
5. Comment on Osteo kinematics and Arthro kinematics.
6. Role of Scapulo Humeral Rhythm.
7. Optimal muscle length, comment on its efficiency.
8. Grip and grasp functions.
9. Abdominals in posture maintenance.
10. Elbow joints – its biomechanics.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Stride Length.
2. Pes Cavus.
3. Facet joints.
4. Opposition.
5. Arcuate lines.
6. Creeps phenomenon.
7. Convergent forces.
8. Line of gravity.
9. Joint reaction force.
10. Resting position of hand.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0622] JUNE 2022 Sub. Code: 6277

(FEBRUARY 2022 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR (Regulations from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Describe the structure and function of plantar arches in detail.

2. Explain the biomechanical properties of connective tissues.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Ligamentum flavum.
2. Meniscus.
3. Sliding filament theory.
4. Bursae around knee joint.
5. Triangular fibro cartilage complex.
6. Osteokinematic and arthrokinematics.
7. Factors affecting muscle functions.
8. Insufficiency.
9. Patella femoral joint reaction force.
10.Linear force system.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Cadence.
2. Calcaneal gait.
3. Motor unit.
4. Thoracolumbar fascia attachement.
5. Torque.
6. Nucleus pulposis.
7. Second order lever.
8. Hooke’s law.
9. Optimal length.
10. Q - angle.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 1022] OCTOBER 2022 Sub. Code: 6277

(AUGUST 2022 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR (Regulations from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER II – BIO-MECHANICS, APPLIED ANATOMY & KINESIOLOGY
Q.P. Code : 746277

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Describe the structure and function of Patello Femoral Joint.

2. Discuss in detail about structure and function of Shoulder Joint.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Composition of the connective tissue.

2. Loading of the foot.
3. Excitation - contraction coupling.
4. Compare the action of anconeus and triceps.
5. Rotator cuff stabilization.
6. Load deformation curve.
7. Explain patella as an anatomic pulley.
8. Pronation twist of tarsometatarsal joint.
9. Functional position of the wrist.
10. Effects of immobilisation.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Pesplanus.
2. Pelvic balance.
3. Common hip axis.
4. Tarsal canal.
5. Articularis genu.
6. Corset muscle.
7. Postural set.
8. Volar plate.
9. Junctura tendinae.
10. Optimal Posture.
*******
[LD 6270] AUGUST 2013 Sub. Code: 6270
SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY - I – INCLUDING MANUAL
THERAPY
Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. Describe in detail the postural mechanisms. What are the principles and
techniques of postural re education.
2. Define active movement. Classify active movements.

II. Write Notes on: (8X5=40)

1. Phases of gait cycle.

2. Hold Relax technique.
3. Whirlpool bath.
4. Closed kinematic and open kinematic chain exercises.
5. Concave – convex rule.
6. Mat activities.
7. Physiological effects of passive movements.
8. Describe high kneeling.

III. Short Answers: (10X2=20)

1. Define cadence.
2. Buoyancy.
3. FITT principle
4. 3rd order lever.
5. 10 repetitions maximum
6. Muscle tone
7. Centre of gravity
8. Frontal plane.
9. Movable pulley
10. Why is high fever contraindicated for passive movements?

*******
[LE 6270] FEBRUARY 2014 Sub. Code: 6270

SECOND YEAR BPT EXAM

PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY - I – INCLUDING MANUAL
THERAPY
Q.P. Code : 746270
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. Define resisted exercises. Write down its advantages, classification,

technique, effects and uses.
2. Explain levers, its orders and the application of levers in physiotherapy.

II. Write Notes on: (8X5=40)

1. Petrissage technique
2. Physical properties of water
3. History of massage
4. Define posture. Explain how the equilibrium of posture is maintained
5. Maitland’s Graded Oscillatory Technique
6. Axis and planes
7. Free exercise to the shoulder joint
8. Sequence for neck massage

III. Short Answers: (10X2=20)

1. Pulleys
2. Line of gravity
3. Joint shapes
4. Ironing
5. Two joint muscle
6. Repetition maximum
7. Mulligan concept
8. Barrier concept
9. Rhythmic initiation
10. Physiological relaxation

*******
[LF 6270] AUGUST 2014 Sub. Code: 6270

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER BPT EXAM

PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY - I
Q.P. Code : 746270
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2X20=40)

1. Define proprioceptive neuro muscular facilitation? Explain in details

about basic techniques, principles, effects and uses.
2. Define Hydrotherapy. Explain in detail about principles, indication,
contra-indication, procedure, physiological and therapeutic effects.

II. Write Notes on: (8X5=40)

1. Contrast Bath
2. Hanging
3. Types of muscle contraction
4. Kinematic chain exercises & types
5. Group exercise
6. Shunt-Spurt muscle
7. Pulleys and springs
8. Percussion manipulation

III. Short Answer: (10X2=20)

1. Reach standing
2. Friction
3. Define kneading and its types
4. Traction and its types
5. Inertia
6. Parallelogram Law of vectors
7. Third Order lever
8. Hooke’s law
9. Pelvic tilt
10. Progressive – Resisted Exercise

*******
[LG 6270] FEBRUARY 2015 Sub. Code: 6270

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER BPT EXAMINATION

PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY - I
Q.P. Code : 746270
Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe the various relaxation exercises with reference to its principles and
application.
1. Define Posture. Discuss in detail various factors involved in maintenance of good
posture. Add a note on postural donations.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Health and hygiene for the massage therapist

2. Explain the kinetics and kinematic studies in human gait
3. Indications for massage therapy
4. Explain the basis of postural training
5. Friction massage types, benefits
6. Nervous control of movement
7. Client positioning for massage
8. Accessory movements

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Non- weight bearing exercises

2. Lateral tilting of pelvis
3. Quadriceps contraction
4. Acceleration
5. Massage – oils
6. Repetition Maximum
7. Muscle fatigue
8. Endangerment sites
9. Ergometer
10. Plyometric training
*******
[LH 6270] AUGUST 2015 Sub. Code: 6270

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER
PAPER III – EXERCISE THERAPY - I
Q.P. Code: 746270
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss briefly about various phases of gait cycle. Add a note on pathological gaits.

2. Describe the classification of massage and the physiological effects of massage on

various body systems.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Positions derived from standing.
2. Values of group exercise.
3. PNF- Patterns of facilitation.
4. Tests for neuromuscular efficiency.
5. Effleurage.
6. Principles of relaxed passive movements.
7. History of massage.
8. Effects of immobilization, injury.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Pendulums.
2. Pelvic tilt.
3. Elasticity.
4. Types of muscle work.
5. Aims of exercise therapy.
6. Tendon- Gliding exercises.
7. Pelvic floor muscle exercises.
8. Fitness.
9. Benefits of Tapotement.
10. Endurance.

*******
[LI 6270] FEBRUARY 2016 Sub. Code: 6270

SECOND YEAR BPT EXAMINATION

PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY - I
Q.P. Code : 746270
Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe in detail the various techniques of general and local relaxation.

2. Describe in detail the techniques and principles of Hydrotherapy.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Fixed and movable pulleys.

2. 3rd order levers.
3. Line of gravity, base and equilibrium.
4. Axes and planes.
5. Describe the muscle work and uses of Standing.
6. Rhythmic stabilization.
7. Bio Mechanical principles of gait.
8. Derived positions of sitting.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Acceleration.
2. Momentum.
3. Angle of pull.
4. Buoyancy.
5. Concave-Convex Role.
6. Fryette’s Law.
7. Work.
8. Inertia.
9. Waddling Gait.
10. General contraindications for active exercise.

*********
[LJ 6270] AUGUST 2016 Sub. Code: 6270

SECOND YEAR BPT EXAMINATION

PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY - I
Q.P. Code : 746270
Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Explain in detail the principles, techniques of Proprioceptive neuromuscular

facilitation (PNF).

2. Define Lever. Discuss in detail the types and uses of Lever in Physiotherapy.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Passive insufficiency.
2. Types of traction.
3. Angle of pull.
4. Postural control mechanism.
5. Purpose and uses of bridging.
6. Techniques of local Relaxation.
7. Determinants of gait.
8. Technique of friction and its effects and uses.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Inner range of muscle work in concentric contraction.

2. Kinetic energy.
3. Stride stand.
4. Vibratory manipulation.
5. Factors causing BAD posture.
6. Trendelenburg gait.
7. Define – active assisted exercise.
8. Quadriceps table.
9. Effects of therapeutic exercise.
10. Fast twitch fatigue resisted muscle fibre.

********
[LK 6270] FEBRUARY 2017 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Write down the principles, indications and contraindications of Hydrotherapy, add

a note on safety precautions during Hydrotherapy.

2. Define Gait. Describe in detail the various phases of gait. Elaborate in detail the
various pathological Gait.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Pelvic tilt.
2. Types of muscular contraction.
3. Pulleys and its therapeutic uses.
4. Contract relax/Hold relax.
5. Free exercises for shoulder joint.
6. Jacobson’s relaxation technique.
7. De’lormes technique.
8. Second order lever with example.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Define - Exercise therapy.

2. Purpose of mat activity.
3. Therapeutic effects of pounding.
4. Parameters used in traction.
5. Hanging.
6. Circumduction motion.
7. Endurance exercise.
8. Shunt and spurt muscles.
9. Mental imaginary technique.
10. Circular kneading.

*******
[LL 6270] AUGUST 2017 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss in detail the physiological and therapeutic effects of free exercises.

2. Define Posture, discuss in detail posture reflex mechanism.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Manual muscle testing.

2. Various standing position.
3. Free exercises to knee joint.
4. Joint mobility.
5. Poor posture.
6. Manual contacts.
7. Hydrotherapy.
8. Determinants of gait.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Angle of pull.
2. Muscle tone.
3. Facilitation.
4. Static posture.
5. High standing.
6. Goniometer.
7. Gravity.
8. Limb length assessment.
9. Range of muscle work.
10. Repetion of movements.

********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LM 6270] FEBRUARY 2018 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define Starting and Derived position. Describe in detail the fundamental and
derived positions of standing.

2. Define Posture. What is generally understood by the term “poor posture”? Give
the principles of treatment by means of which a good Posture may be established.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Free exercise for hip joint.

2. Hydrotherapy-contraindications.
3. Principles of active assisted exercise.
4. Active inhibition/Reciprocal relaxation.
5. Group exercise.
6. Auto traction.
7. Effleurage.
8. Effects of therapeutic exercise’s.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Pendulums.
2. Translatory motion.
3. Define – Pulley.
4. Isokinetic contraction.
5. Theraband.
6. Neutral equilibrium.
7. Multipennate muscle.
8. Line of gravity.
9. Newton’s law of inertia.
10. Therapist positions during treatment.

********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LN 6270] AUGUST 2018 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. What is Group exercise and write in detail the types of group exercise and its
advantages?

2. Define PNF and write in detail various techniques of PNF.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Stroking manipulation.
2. Types of motion.
3. Principles of passive movement.
4. Define levers with an example.
5. Anatomical movements.
6. Derived positions from kneeling.
7. Faulty postures.
8. Effects of hydrotherapy.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Stroking.
2. Tredelenburg gait.
3. Calcaneal gait.
4. Assisted exercise.
5. Passive range of motion.
6. Concentric contraction.
7. Gait cycle.
8. Hold relax.
9. Foot bath.
10. Rhythmic initiation.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LO 6270] FEBRUARY 2019 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss in detail the technique and effects and uses of passive movements.

2. Discuss in detail the effects and uses of free exercises.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Group action of muscles.

2. Static power test.
3. Antero-posterior tilt.
4. Free exercises to shoulder.
5. Neuro muscular co-ordination.
6. Types of pathological gait.
7. Prone lying.
8. Active stretching.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Motor unit.
2. Synergist.
3. Support.
4. Posture tone.
5. Speed test.
6. Gravity.
7. Axis and plans.
8. Grasp standing.
9. Accessory movements.
10. Second order lever.

********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 6270] AUGUST 2019 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define Gait. Explain its various parameters.

2. Write a detailed note on Mat activities.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Describe percussion manipulation.

2. Non-equilibrium test to assess coordination.
3. Therapeutic effects of massage.
4. Sequence for neck massage.
5. Contrast Bath.
6. Lurching gait.
7. Group exercise.
8. D2 Flexion.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Define self-stretching.
2. Static posture.
3. Limb length assessment.
4. Translatory motion.
5. 10 repetitions maximum.
6. Define kneading.
7. Muscle fatigue.
8. Fitness.
9. Acceleration.
10. General contraindications for active exercise.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LQ 6270] FEBRUARY 2020 Sub. Code: 6270

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. What is the mechanism of Traction? Describe about the various types of traction
and its physiological effects.

2. List down the various abnormal postural changes in Spine and describe in detail
about the postural assessment for the various spinal deformities.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Describe the muscle work and uses of sitting.

2. Free exercises for knee joint.
3. Write a note on value of group exercise.
4. Phases of Gait according to Rancho Los Amigos classification.
5. Physiological effects of massage.
6. Describe how to make the right side hemiplegic patients to stand
from quadruped position with muscle power 3.
7. Contrast bath.
8. Parkinson’s gait.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Effects of therapeutic exercise.

2. Define Power.
3. Isometric contraction.
4. Types of active movements.
5. Step length.
6. Uses of bridging.
7. Mental imagery technique.
8. Kneading.
9. D1 flexion.
10. Hubbard tank.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0921] SEPTEMBER 2021 Sub. Code: 6270

(FEBRUARY 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I
Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define resisted exercises? Write down its Classification, Techniques, Effects and
Uses.
2. Define Lever? Discuss in detail about the order of Levers with examples and
applications in Physiotherapy.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Effect of Therapeutic Exercise.

2. Scissoring Gait.
3. Axillary crutches and its uses.
4. General Relaxation Techniques.
5. Types of Hydrotherapy.
6. Free Exercises for the hand.
7. Principles of Joint Mobilization.
8. Relaxed Passive Movement.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Define Force.
2. Line of Gravity.
3. Define Work.
4. Starting Position.
5. Angle of pull.
6. Newton’s law of Inertia.
7. Define Pendulum.
8. Walk standing.
9. Muscle power.
10. Unstable equilibrium.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 6270

(AUGUST 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I
Q.P. Code : 746270

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe in detail the postural mechanisms. What are the principles and techniques
of postural Re-education.
2. Define active movement. Classify active movements.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Springs.
2. Axillary Crutch.
3. Position of the Joints.
4. Progressive – Resisted exercise.
5. Indications and Contraindications of Peripheral Joint Mobilization.
6. Arthrokinematics.
7. Effects of hydrotherapy.
8. Scissoring Gait.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Hook’s Law.
2. Therapist positions during treatment.
3. Calcaneal gait.
4. Effects of therapeutic exercise.
5. Step length.
6. Endurance.
7. Multipennate muscle.
8. Motor unit.
9. Second order lever.
10. Hubbard tank.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 6278] AUGUST 2019 Sub. Code: 6278

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746278

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define Gait. Add note on its various spatial and temporal variables.

2. Define Hydrotherapy. Explain in detail about Principles, Indications, contra-

indications, Procedure, physiological and therapeutic effects of hydrotherapy.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Axillary crutch.
2. Abnormal spinal curvatures.
3. Isometric muscle contraction.
4. Joint mobilization.
5. Determinants of gait.
6. Free exercise for knee joint.
7. Mat activities.
8. Abdominal exercises.
9. Hubbard Tank.
10. Types of Motion.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Muscle work.
2. Repetition maximum.
3. Buoyancy.
4. Aims of exercise therapy.
5. Tendon-Gliding exercises.
6. Pelvic floor muscle exercises.
7. Waddling Gait.
8. Pelvic tilt.
9. Relaxation.
10. Parallel bar.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LQ 6278] FEBRUARY 2020 Sub. Code: 6278

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code : 746278

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define Resisted Exercises. Write down its classification, technique, effects and
advantages.

2. Describe about the principles, indications, contraindications and effects of joint

mobilization. Add a note on Shoulder joint mobilization.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Types of walking aids.

2. Free exercise for shoulder joint.
3. Open and closed kinematic chain exercises.
4. Principles of Passive movements.
5. Describe the muscle work and uses of lying.
6. Lordosis.
7. Reeducation of elbow extensor from muscle power 0 to 5.
8. Manual muscle testing for Tibialis anterior.
9. Whirlpool bath.
10. What are the crutch muscles and how will you prepare the patient
before providing crutches?

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Stabilizer.
2. Hydrostatic pressure.
3. Crook sitting.
4. Oscillatory technique.
5. Plyometric training.
6. Uses of quadruped position.
7. Types of walkers.
8. Axis.
9. Flat back.
10. Passive insufficiency.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0921] SEPTEMBER 2021 Sub. Code: 6278

(FEBRUARY 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I
Q.P. Code : 746278

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Describe in detail the postural mechanisms. What are the principles and techniques
of postural re-education.
2. Describe in detail the techniques and principles of Hydrotherapy.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Range of muscle work.

2. Axis and Planes.
3. Canes – Purpose and Types of cane.
4. Levers – Ist order IInd order, IIIrd order, examples, application in PT.
5. Phases of gait.
6. Define Gravity.
7. Effect of prolonged immobilization.
8. General relaxation.
9. Faulty or Abnormal postures.
10. Parkinson gait.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Definition of speed.
2. Range of motion (ROM) – Definition, Types.
3. Types of wheel chair.
4. Hold relax technique.
5. Thomas test.
6. Crook lying position.
7. Kyphosis..
8. Types of muscular contraction.
9. Progressive resisted exercise – Mac queen.
10. Define Pulley and its types.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 6278

(AUGUST 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR- (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I
Q.P. Code : 746278

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. What are the types of Crutches. Explain the crutch walking in non weight bearing
and partial weight bearing.
2. Define free exercises. Write down its classification, technique, effect and uses of
free exercises.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Free exercise for shoulder flexor.

2. Exercises in hydrotherapy.
3. Assessment of Posture in lateral view.
4. Derived position of standing.
5. Types of muscle contraction.
6. Angle of pull with anatomical examples.
7. Mechanical resisted exercises.
8. Parkinson Gait.
9. Types and uses of walkers.
10. Jacobson’s relaxation techniques.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Centre of Gravity.
2. Range of Muscle work.
3. Scoliosis.
4. Half – Kneeling.
5. Shoe’s on measurement.
6. Name the Starting positions.
7. Bridging.
8. Base of support.
9. Define work.
10. Law of Inertia.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0622] JUNE 2022 Sub. Code: 6278

(FEBRUARY 2022 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR- (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I
Q.P. Code : 746278

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define and write about the purpose of starting and derived Positions. Explain in
detail about any five derived positions of sitting.

2. Define Resisted Exercise. Explain in detail about the types, physiological and
therapeutic effects of Resisted exercise.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Write a note on range of muscle work.

2. Write a note on active assisted exercise.
3. Write an assessment on scoliosis.
4. How do grade triceps surae based on Medical Research Council?
5. Purpose, types and parts of Crutches.
6. Write a note on general relaxation exercises.
7. Write a note on exercises in Hydrotherapy.
8. Abdominal exercises.
9. Write about the Trendelenburg gait.
10. What are the causes for joint range limitation?

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Define synergist with example.

2. Pulley and its types.
3. Define force.
4. Forward head Posture.
5. Step standing.
6. Define cadence.
7. Define Free exercise
8. Purpose of canes.
9. Buoyancy.
10. Calcaneal gait.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 1022] OCTOBER 2022 Sub. Code: 6278

(AUGUST 2022 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR- (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I
Q.P. Code : 746278

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define Posture. Discuss in detail Posture Evaluation.

2. Define Resisted Exercise. Discuss in detail about the types of Resisted exercise
and its uses.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Positions derived from standing.

2. Resisted exercise for knee extensors.
3. Closed Kinematic and Open Kinematic chain exercises.
4. Write a note on mat activities.
5. Physiological effects of passive movements.
6. Free exercises to the shoulder joint.
7. Oscillatory Technique.
8. Phases of Gait Cycle.
9. Write a note on measurement methods for crutches.
10. Physiological effects of Peripheral Joint Mobilization.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. General contraindications for active exercises.

2. Range of Muscle work.
3. Hold Relax Technique.
4. Effects of therapeutic exercises.
5. Foot drop gait.
6. Muscle Grading.
7. Indications of joint mobilization.
8. Types of Wheel Chair.
9. Types of cane.
10. Hydrostatic Pressure.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0423] APRIL 2023 Sub. Code: 6278

(FEBRUARY 2023 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR - (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER III - EXERCISE THERAPY – I

Q.P. Code: 746278

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define starting position. Write in detail about starting and derived positions of
sitting.

2. Define gait. Write in detail about gait cycle, parameters and determinants of gait
and factors affecting gait.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Types of muscle contraction.

2. Axis and planes.
3. Techniques of relaxation.
4. Physical properties of water.
5. Abnormal posture.
6. MMT for elbow extensors.
7. Non weight bearing – Gait training.
8. Ambulatory training in functional re education.
9. Resisted exercise for knee extensors.
10. Progressive resisted exercise.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Types of movements.
2. Kinematic chain.
3. Mechanical advantage.
4. Lumbosacral angle.
5. Muscle stimulation.
6. Crutch line.
7. Treatment plane.
8. Concavo convex rule.
9. Half Kneeling.
10. Crutch measurements.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 6279] AUGUST 2019 Sub. Code: 6279

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II

Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Discuss the basis of classification and therapeutic uses of Massage. List down the
local and general contraindications of Massage.

2. Define Chest physical therapy. Discuss the general principles, indications, goals
and precautions of breathing exercises.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Principles of Transverse Friction.

2. Indications of Chest manipulations and its effects and uses.
3. Types of Stretching.
4. Principles and uses of Goniometry measurement.
5. Pendular Suspension therapy.
6. Maintenance exercise for patients on Prolonged Bed Rest.
7. Traction Parameters.
8. Non- Equilibrium Tests for Co-ordination.
9. Value of Group exercise.
10. PNF-Arm Patterns.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Draping.
2. Stance of Therapist.
3. Agonist and Antagonist.
4. Myostatic Contracture.
5. Define Suspension therapy.
6. Pulley Rope.
7. Positional Traction.
8. Equilibrium.
9. Centre of Gravity.
10. Functional reach test.

******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LQ 6279] FEBRUARY 2020 Sub. Code: 6279

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II

Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define Massage. Describe the mechanical points to be considered while giving

massage. List down the endangerment sites for the massage.

2. Describe PNF and its components. Explain the method of application.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Components of massage.
2. Physiological effects of massage on muscular system.
3. Role of massage in sports.
4. Passive stretching for Piriformis.
5. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise.
6. Goniometric evaluation of Elbow joint.
7. Suspension therapy for Knee joint.
8. Frenkel’s exercise in sitting and walking.
9. Types of End feel and its therapeutic importance.
10. Rhythmic initiation.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Ideal hand for massage.

2. Normal range of motion of hip joint.
3. Postural Hypotension.
4. Uses and indications for Glossopharyngeal breathing.
5. Stretch reflex.
6. Ballistic stretching.
7. Causes of balance disorder.
8. Rebound test.
9. Group versus individual exercise.
10. Repeated contractions.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LR 1220] DECEMBER 2020 Sub. Code: 6279

(AUGUST 2020 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
(New regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II
Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. How will you prevent and treat the prolonged bed rest complications?

2. What are the principles of Goniometry? Describe the procedure of assessment of

hip range of motion with diagram.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Sports massage.
2. Indications and Contra indications of stretching.
3. Tests for co-ordination.
4. Advantages & Disadvantages of Suspension therapy.
5. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise.
6. Crutch measurements.
7. History of massage.
8. Principles of Passive movements.
9. Trapezius stretching.
10. Parameters of traction.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Boggy end feel.

2. Theraband exercises.
3. Ataxia.
4. Positional traction.
5. Muscle spindle.
6. Indications for Glossopharyngeal breathing.
7. Define Edema.
8. Inclinometers.
9. Axial suspension.
10. Assessment of pronation range of motion.

******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0921] SEPTEMBER 2021 Sub. Code: 6279

(FEBRUARY 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
(Regulations for the candidates admitted from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II
Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Describe the classification of massage and the physiological effects of massage on

various body systems.
2. Describe the indications, principles and procedure of Frenkel’s exercise.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Techniques of chest physiotherapy.

2. Axial suspension.
3. Effects and uses of breathing exercise.
4. Determinants of stretching.
5. Ice massage.
6. Procedure or steps in joint range measurement.
7. Inspiratory hold.
8. Mechanism of action of traction.
9. PNF patterns for Upper Extremity.
10. Stretch Reflex.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Wooden cleat.
2. Fibrositis.
3. Oedema.
4. Stroking.
5. Radical Mastectomy.
6. Hall pike test.
7. Dynamic balance exercise.
8. Types of Goniometer.
9. Costal breathing.
10. Agonist & Antagonist.

******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 6279

(AUGUST 2021 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR- (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY - II
Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Discuss the indications, contra indications, technique, effects and uses of Back
Massage.
2. Define Breathing exercise. Explain in detail about the types of breathing exercise
and its effects and uses.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. PNF techniques.
2. Types of Goniometers.
3. Guthrie Smith apparatus.
4. Dynamic Stretching.
5. Mobility Aids.
6. Principles of Chest physiotherapy.
7. Bed rest complications.
8. Importance of Group exercises.
9. Indications and Contraindications of Traction.
10. Points to be considered during massage.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Radical mastectomy.
2. Reciprocal inhibition.
3. End feel.
4. Axial suspension.
5. Efflurage.
6. Percussion.
7. Normal Range of motion of Ankle.
8. Manual traction.
9. Antagonist.
10. Verbal commands.

******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0622] JUNE 2022 Sub. Code: 6279

(FEBRUARY 2022 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR- (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY - II
Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. What are the causes for inco-ordination? Explain the exercise programme for
incordination patients.

2. What is Traction? Describe the mechanism of action, indications,

contraindications, types of traction.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. What are the maintenance exercise for the patients on prolonged bed rest?
2. Explain D1 Flexion and D1 Extension Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
(PNF) patterns for Upper extremity.
3. Explain the therapeutic application of massage in venous ulcer.
4. What are the Vibratory Manipulation in massage technique?
5. Stretching technique of Common flexors.
6. What are the intrinsic muscles of hand?
7. What are the classifications of chest physiotherapy?
8. Explain Apical, Costal and Posterior basal breathing.
9. Explain Rhythmic initiation.
10. What are the techniques used for face massage?

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. What is meant by stroking?

2. What are the benefits of isometric stretching?
3. What is the normal range of motion of joints mean by?
4. What is the difference between general massage and local massage?
5. Write briefly about Universal goniometer.
6. Role of massage in Bells palsy.
7. What is the position of the Physiotherapist in Quadriceps stretching?
8. Biaxial joint movement.
9. Assessment of ankle plantarflexion.
10. What is the position of the patient for back massage?
******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 1022] OCTOBER 2022 Sub. Code: 6279

(AUGUST 2022 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR- (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY - II
Q.P. Code : 746279

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Define co-ordination. Discuss about the assessment of co-ordination, and exercise

for incoordination.

2. Discuss the basis of classification and therapeutic uses of massage. List down the
local and general contraindications of massage.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Hold relax technique.

2. Traction and its Types.
3. Suspension therapy types and indications.
4. Self-stretching of Trapezius.
5. Types of Stretching.
6. Role of massage in Sports.
7. PNF Patterns for Upper Extremity.
8. Frenkel’s Exercise.
9. Stretch reflex.
10. Goniometer evaluation of knee joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Continuous Traction.
2. Stroking.
3. Bell’s Phenomenon.
4. Functional reach test.
5. Radical mastectomy.
6. Romberg test.
7. Rhythmic initiation.
8. Types of group exercise.
9. Define Goniometer.
10. Ice massage.
******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[BPT 0423] APRIL 2023 Sub. Code: 6279

(FEBRUARY 2023 EXAM SESSION)

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY DEGREE COURSE

SECOND YEAR - (Regulation from 2017-2018 onwards)
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY – II

Q.P. Code: 746279

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 15 = 30)

1. Discuss the goniometer and types, and add a note on the procedure of shoulder
range of motion assessment.

2. Define Breathing Exercise. Discuss in detail about the Types,effects,Indications,

Contraindications and uses of breathing exercise.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 5 = 50)

1. Static and dynamic balance exercise.

2. Application of chest physiotherapy.
3. Principles of PNF.
4. Evaluation procedure of coordination exercise.
5. Bedridden - complications.
6. Passive and Self-stretching of quadriceps muscle.
7. Application of massage for facial palsy.
8. Types of Traction.
9. Procedure of suspension therapy in knee joint.
10. Balance exercise for vestibular dysfunction.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Traction Parameters.
2. Slow reversal.
3. Pursed lip Breathing.
4. Rebound Phenomenon.
5. Pendular Suspension.
6. Ballistic Stretching.
7. Pendulum goniometer.
8. End feel.
9. Test for Co-ordination.
10. Effleurage.
******
[LD 6271] AUGUST 2013 Sub. Code: 6271

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV – EXERCISE THERAPY - II
INCLUDING MASSAGE
Q.P. Code: 746271
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)
1. Discuss the Procedure, advantages and disadvantages of various types of suspension.
2. How do you prepare a below knee amputee for crutch walking?

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Facial massage.
2. Oxford method of progressive resisted exercise.
3. Balance training.
4. End feel.
5. Self stretching of Hamstring muscles.
6. Concavo convex rule.
7. How does a massage practitioner maintain good body mechanics?
8. Pursed lip breathing.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. How do you apply massage techniques to a ticklish subjects?

2. Thomas test.
3. Reciprocal inhibition.
4. Friction.
5. Pendular exercise.
6. Tripod.
7. How will you check the ideal height of massage table.
8. Home program for patient with mechanical low back pain.
9. Define muscle strength.
10. Exercise for foot intrinsic muscles.

*******
[LE 6271] FEBRUARY 2014 Sub. Code: 6271

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV – EXERCISE THERAPY - II
INCLUDING MASSAGE
Q.P. Code: 746271
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe the causes of in co-ordination. Explain the principles of coordination exercise.

2. Describe the complications of prolonged bed rest patients.
Add a note on maintenance exercise for patients on prolonged bed rest.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Crutch measurement.
2. Quadriceps table.
3. Effects and Uses of relaxed passive movements.
4. Walking aids.
5. Uses of breathing exercise.
6. Manual muscle stretching of hamstring muscle.
7. Movements of ankle and foot.
8. Technique of general relaxation.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. In co-ordination.
2. Controlled sustained stretching of foot.
3. Fixation.
4. Axial suspension.
5. Static cycle.
6. Biaxial joint movement.
7. Controlled sustained stretch.
8. Prone Kneeling.
9. Free exercise.
10. Finger kneeding.

*******
[LF 6271] AUGUST 2014 Sub. Code: 6271

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER
PAPER IV – EXERCISE THERAPY - II AND SOFT TISSUE MANIPULATIONS
Q.P. Code: 746271
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Explain in detail about different techniques involved in facial massage and

its physiological and therapeutic effect.
2. Explain in detail the techniques of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation by
Dr. Herman Kabat and effects and uses.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Contracture and Deformity.

2. Causes of Muscle Paralysis.
3. Mobilisation of a stiff joint.
4. Measures for Prevention of Muscle wasting.
5. Grades of Spasticity.
6. Abnormal Posture.
7. Mobility Aids.
8. Gait cycle.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Agility Exercises.
2. Isometric Exercises.
3. Endurance.
4. Hold and Pull.
5. Flaccidity.
6. Scissoring Gait.
7. Petrissage.
8. All or none law.
9. Torque.
10. Double joint muscle.

*******
[LG 6271] FEBRUARY 2015 Sub. Code: 6271

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER
PAPER IV – EXERCISE THERAPY - II AND SOFT TISSUE MANIPULATIONS
Q.P. Code: 746271
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define stretching. Discuss the procedure of stretching of Hamstring muscle.

2. How do you assess muscle power of Tibialis Anterior? Explain the reeducation
of Tibialis Anterior from muscle power 0 to 5.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Stair gait with crutches.
2. Contraindications of massage.
3. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise.
4. Purpose and types of walkers.
5. Techniques of chest physiotherapy.
6. Ballistic stretching.
7. Pendular suspension.
8. Balance exercise for vestibular dysfunction.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Kneeding.
2. Pressure sores.
3. Effects of passive movements.
4. Crutch muscles.
5. Quadripod.
6. Functional reach test.
7. Inner range.
8. Swing through gait.
9. Preparation of therapist before massage.
10. Static quadriceps exercise.

*******
[LH 6271] AUGUST 2015 Sub. Code: 6271

B.P.T. DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR / III & IV SEMESTER
PAPER IV – EXERCISE THERAPY - II AND SOFT TISSUE MANIPULATIONS
Q.P. Code: 746271
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss the various grading system of muscle power. Explain in detail about the
procedure of manual muscle testing of Biceps brachi.

2. Describe the indications, principles and procedure of Frenkel’s exercise.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Indications and contraindications of passive movement.
2. Stretching of pectoralis major.
3. Segmental expansion exercise.
4. Crutch balance training.
5. Cardiovascular complications of bed rest.
6. Types of goniometers.
7. Daily adjustable progressive resisted exercise.
8. Indications for suspension therapy.

III. Short Answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Stroking.
2. Contraindications for facial massage.
3. PNF stretch.
4. Theraband.
5. Pulley.
6. Disuse atrophy.
7. Two point gait.
8. Schobers test.
9. Close kinematic chain exercise.
10. Home program for Bell’s palsy.

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[LI 6271] FEBRUARY 2016 Sub. Code: 6271

SECOND YEAR BPT EXAMINATION

PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY - II INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION
Q.P. Code : 746271
Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)
1. Explain the principles of Goniometry. Describe the procedure of assessment of
range of all movements of shoulder joint.
2. Discuss the indications, contra indications, technique, effects and uses of Back
Massage.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Grades of mobilization.
2. Purpose and parts of wheelchair.
3. Massage table.
4. Uses of breathing exercises.
5. Axial suspension.
6. Self stretching of Trapezius.
7. Manual muscle testing for quadriceps.
8. Free exercise for knee joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Re-education board.
2. Types of passive movements.
3. Rolaters.
4. Electrogoniometers.
5. Wobble board.
6. Glossopharyngeal breathing.
7. Springs.
8. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis.
9. Define coordination.
10. Physiological changes to muscle stretch.

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[LJ 6271] AUGUST 2016 Sub. Code: 6271

SECOND YEAR BPT EXAMINATION

PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY - II INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION
Q.P. Code : 746271
Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Explain the principles of passive Stretching. Describe assessment of hip flexor

tightness and management including home program.

2. Explain the grades of Mobilization. Discuss the indications, contra-indications,

technique, effects and uses of knee Mobilization.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Facial massage.
2. Purpose, types and parts of crutch.
3. Close pack and loose pack position.
4. Effect of prolonged immobilization on muscle and bone.
5. Pendular suspension.
6. Axis for measurement of hip abduction and adduction range.
7. Rolling activity and its uses.
8. Biceps muscle work in inner, middle and outer range.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Types of muscle work

2. Sports massage
3. Walking stick
4. Gravitational goniometers
5. Balance board
6. Frog breathing
7. Frenkel’s exercise
8. Muscle tone
9. 10 repetitions maximum
10. Medicine ball

*********
[LK 6271] FEBRUARY 2017 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Write in detail on Derived positions and its uses.

2. Define Passive movement. Discuss the indications, contra indications, technique,

effects and uses of lower limb Passive movements.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. PNF techniques.
2. Mobility aids.
3. Exercises for in co-ordination.
4. Dynamic stretching.
5. Manual muscle testing of brachioradialis.
6. Bed rest complications.
7. Manual muscle testing for triceps.
8. Free exercise for elbow joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Active assisted exercises.

2. Types of muscle contraction.
3. Rhythmic initiation.
4. Axillary crutch measurement.
5. Active quadriceps stretching.
6. Relaxed diaphragmatic breathing.
7. Weight cuffs.
8. Pelvic tilt.
9. Mc Queen PRE.
10. Goniometry.

*********
[LL 6271] AUGUST 2017 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define stretching, mention its types and explain the determinants of stretching.

2. Define massage. Explain the sequence/indications/contraindications for facial

massage.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Chest manipulation types and uses.

2. Walking frame – types and uses.
3. Active - resistance test.
4. Complication of prolonged bed rest.
5. Grades for joint mobilization.
6. Stretch reflex.
7. Manual muscle testing for Hamstrings.
8. Effects and uses of passive movement.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. End feel.
2. Types of Goniometer.
3. Define joint play.
4. Indication for passive movement.
5. Types of resisted exercises.
6. Muscle soreness.
7. Define range of motion.
8. Types of muscle contractures.
9. Define mobilization.
10. Crutch muscles.

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 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LM 6271] FEBRUARY 2018 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Describe the causes for Incoordination. Explain in detail about the principles and
progression of Frenkel’s exercises.

2. Discuss the indications, contra indications, technique, effects and uses of Lower
Limb Massage.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Axes and planes.

2. Crutch walking.
3. Resisted exercises for hip flexors.
4. Hold relax technique.
5. Maintenance exercise for prolonged bed rest patients.
6. Re-education of scapular rotators.
7. Manual muscle testing for biceps.
8. Sternocleidomastoid stretch.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Starting positions.
2. Muscle work.
3. Walkers.
4. Universal goniometer.
5. Shadow walking.
6. Breathing exercises.
7. Pulleys.
8. Crutch stance.
9. Define balance.
10. Angle of pull.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LN 6271] AUGUST 2018 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define Passive movement. Explain the principles, effects and uses of Passive
movements.

2. Define joint mobilization. Explain the principles of joint mobilization and

mobilization technique for shoulder joint.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Delorms and Oxford technique for progressive resisted exercise.

2. Effects and uses of Effleurage.
3. Frenkle’s exercise.
4. Effects and uses of breathing exercise.
5. Complications of prolonged bed rest patients.
6. Glossopharangyeal breathing.
7. Manual muscle testing – Quadriceps.
8. Determinants of stretching.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Kneading.
2. Crutch measurement with shoes off.
3. Define contractures.
4. Define Goniometer.
5. Contraindication for stretching.
6. Define joint play.
7. Muscle power grading.
8. Swing to & swing through Gait.
9. Define clapping.
10. High velocity thrust.

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 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LO 6271] FEBRUARY 2019 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define Stretching. Discuss the procedure of stretching of Hamstring in detail.

2. How will you reeducate the Quadriceps muscle power from grade 0 to grade 5?

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis.

2. Assessment of coordination.
3. Effects of active movement.
4. Procedure of passive movement of wrist joint.
5. Segmental expansion exercise.
6. Vertical suspension.
7. Treatment of edema.
8. Assessment of range of supination and pronation of radioulnar joint.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Tripod.
2. Types of wheelchair.
3. Pendular goniometer.
4. Static exercise.
5. Repetition maximum.
6. Open kinematic exercise.
7. Pelvic tilt.
8. Shaking technique.
9. Romberg test.
10. Swiss ball.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 6271] AUGUST 2019 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. List out the complication of prolonged bedridden patients. Add a note on

prevention and maintenance exercise for them.

2. Define manual muscle testing, indication and procedure for manual muscle testing
scale.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Goniometer and its parts.

2. Osteo-kinematics.
3. Passive stretching procedure for hamstring.
4. Muscle re-education chart.
5. PNF stretching.
6. Axillary Crutch measurement.
7. Modes of resisted exercise.
8. Suspension therapy and its uses.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Muscle soreness.
2. Active stretching.
3. End feel.
4. 1 RM (Repetition Maximum).
5. Quadriceps arc exercise.
6. Transverse friction massage.
7. Uses of walker.
8. Functional re-education.
9. Uses of fundamental position.
10. Endurance training.

******
 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LQ 6271] FEBRUARY 2020 Sub. Code: 6271

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION

Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Discuss the indications, procedure and effects of Progressive Resisted exercises.

2. Explain about mobility aids. Write down the procedure of gait training with
axillary crutches.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Effects of joint mobilization.

2. Principles of Goniometry.
3. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise.
4. Prevention of Pressure sore.
5. Contraindications of Massage.
6. Balance assessment.
7. Self stretching of Trapezius.
8. Types and effects of Passive movement.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Reeducation board.
2. Arthrokinematics.
3. Uses of axial suspension.
4. Theraband.
5. Disuse atrophy.
6. Stroking technique.
7. Close packed position.
8. Aerobic exercise.
9. Pulleys.
10. Principles of Frenkel’s exercise.

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 THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LR 1220] DECEMBER 2020 Sub. Code: 6271

(AUGUST 2020 EXAM SESSION)

BPT DEGREE EXAMINATION

SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV - EXERCISE THERAPY II – INCLUDING SOFT TISSUE
MANIPULATION
Q.P. Code : 746271

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 100 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Define Muscle Re-education. Explain the principles and Re-education for

Quadriceps muscle.

2. Define Breathing exercise. Explain in detail about the types of breathing exercise
and its effects and uses.

II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40)

1. Convex-concave rule.
2. Suspension therapy – its types and uses.
3. Axillary crutch.
4. Effects and uses of kneading.
5. Grades of Joint mobilization.
6. Resisted exercise – types and uses.
7. Principles of passive movement.
8. Sequence for back massage.

III. Short answers on: (10 x 2 = 20)

1. Repetition maximum.
2. Effleurage.
3. Define balance.
4. Define crutch line.
5. End feel.
6. Define stretching.
7. Electro goniometer.
8. Define joint play.
9. Uses of walker.
10. Muscle soreness.

*******