JNTUH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING RAJANNA SIRCILLA
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
Technical seminar on paper battery
Under Guidance of : Presented By :
MR.D.BHASKAR T. Manoj
HEAD OF THE
21RS1A0229
DEPARTMENT
WHAT IS A PAPER BATTERY?
➢ A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device
formed by combining carbon nanotube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-
based paper.
➢ A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super-capacitor, combining
two components that are separate in traditional electronics.
GENERAL Li-ION BATTERY
➢ Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in mobiles, laptops
and most of the electronics devices.
➢ 3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:
➢ -ve electrode(graphite)
➢ +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)
➢ Electrolyte(lithium salt in organic solvent)
➢ During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+ carry the current from
the negative to the positive electrode and vice-verse respectively,
through the non-aqueous electrolyte.
Disadvantages of Li-Ion
➢ EXPENSIVE -- 40% more than Nicd.
➢ DELICATE -- battery temp must be monitored from
within (which raises the price), and sealed particularly
well.
➢ REGULATIONS -- when shipping Li-ion batteries in
bulk (which also raises the price).
WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?
➢ Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
➢ Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F- 36F per gram)
➢ Operating temperature (-75 to 100 degree celsius ).
➢ Provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts of energy.
➢ Cost-effective.
CARBON NANOTUBES
➢ Carbon nanotube is the main concept behind paper battery
➢ Carbon nanotubes CNTs : also known as buckytubes are allotropes of carbon
with a cylindrical nanostructure. Allotropes are different structural modifications
of an element.
➢ CNTs exhibits extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and are
efficient thermal conductors.
➢ Nanotubes are members of the fullerene structural family. The diameter of the
nanotube is on the order of a few nanometers
➢ Their name is derived from their long, hollow structure with the walls formed by
one-atom-thick sheets of carbon, called graphene.
➢ These sheets are rolled at specific and discrete angles, and the combination of
the rolling angle and radius decides the nanotube properties
Carbon nanotube
Spinning carbon nanotube
CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERY
➢ CNTs thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS) substrates with a
solution based process.
➢ The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/ml.
➢ A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was formed after drying the
CNT ink on the SS AT 80 degree celsius for 5 min. This film is then peeled off
from substrate.
➢ These film acts as electrodes of paper battery.
➢ One film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) and the other film is
pasted to electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).
➢ Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO and LCO with
PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride) acting as glue.
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
Microscopic view of layers
Structure of paper battery
WORKING
➢ While a conventional battery a number of separate components, the
paper battery integrates all of the battery components in a single
structure, making it more energy efficient.
➢ Traditional batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction
between electrolyte and metal.
➢ Paper battery produce electrons due to the interaction of electrolytes LTO
& LCO.
➢ Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a
connected wire to the positive terminal during discharging.
➢ Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the
chemical reaction to continue.
ADVANTAGES
➢ The flexible battery can function even if it rolled up, folded or cut.
➢ We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the size of a postage
stamp.
➢ "if we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500 times the voltage. If
we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%. We can control the power
and voltage issue"
➢ Because the battery consists mainly of paper and carbon, it could be used
to power facemarkers within the body where conventional batteries pose
a toxic threat.
APPLICATIONS
Paper battery offers future power
➢ The black piece of paper can power a small light.
➢ Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of the
next generation of gadgets.
➢ The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day power a
car.
➢ The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power storage.
