saturated w hydrogen ble no

Tthomers doublebondsallows for more

Lipids hydrogento fit
Butter is solid at room saturatedfatshydrogensaturated
atoms alongcarbon
fats have no
emperature and is SATURATED chain
that it hashydrogen
meaning
atomsgoingall thewayaround fighfyingefndancasat
helongcarbon chain The chain H H H H H H fats allowing
at
themto b
solid roomtemp
S STRAIGHT or
onedoubleunsaturatedfatsdouble bond w hydrogen
Buttershape more
MANKA
bonds occursin chain
w one fewerhydrogen I
amp
of EÉÉtM
the largescaleshapehas a Bend
End
Kydrog

Bsthoublebond
when grouped prospates
phospholipids
IDnonpolarregions
MMMM
MMMM
FEIT o

hfEeffdbrane iq
Behaviors Functions
allhydrophobic
i
NONPOLAEmpnpatn.IM
energystorage Pid
Trio't iMei glycerol
i fattyacid Eaten originated
ndsed
outto make H2o
formfromcholesterolbase d
dghy.IE
cholesterol

1Iot II fats
estrogen
8
III
do notcontain
tic at etc Ion Iffingstructure
cortisol test's
acid'sti H i i
Glycerol Fatty Lipids are LONG term
sources of energy that can be
stored
NotesFromBook not largeenoughto be
µ consideredmacromolecules
characterized insolubilityw water
by

iii
include waxespigments fatsphoso lipidsstew
it
constructedfrom
thismolecule glycerolandfattya

f
not polymersbutconstructed dehydrations
H sitespaggenergytatsare by
the left hand endoffattyacids arecarboxy
groups givesthegroupthename fatty acid
Iisstructurefagycerol and glycerolis an alcohol eachcarbonhas ahydroxy
oil
olive is from
unsatura
acids
3fatty is a singular FAT molecule Lstanfatsaresaturated
thisexcludesfish fhydrogens
unsaturatedfatsw added
aretransfats
ineqeetIgytatin Egianittapolysaccharide
 Carbohydrates sigais Deluseisthemost
tonite
most common
anet structuralcompound
defines inj.BY
gy semaecue .PcgYfggIEEqiadges
bookedtoeachother
linearly
store plants
in the form energy
of starch
mttggat.gl m nosacinIrtdesedissacnaride H2o humansuseglycogento
storeenergy
anadnimals
dehydrationsynthesis Achitinis a
42040 ftp.oti structuralpolysacc

FEET
iii ii
o
or
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le
ofhydration
maltose synthesis
aid o
glyg.gs
dEagE
ii
II
it pH gig di ieItiae of pH
If
to you
20
GH
mqgqnar.ae sassatenseriae water
molecule
Solysaccharidespolymers carbohydrates
starch cellulose f have the general
Cycogen Amylose berflinear formula CH20
Branched branimodnosaccharides
can be
shape classified
accordingto the
spatial arrangement oftheir
atoms
ahydrolosis is the reverse
reaction of a dehydration
synthesis
VotesfromBook function isdetermined bysugarmonomers e
carbsincludesugars polymersofsugarsglycosidiclinkages
Starch is stored as granules in cells
monosaccharide simplesugar humans can hydrolyze starch w enzyme
macromolecules
polysaccharides s
typicallyfound in liver muscle cells
is short term andis depleted in
monosacnavernitstnatarentggisen glycogen
a
Triosest
i andpentoses
dglucose has on undercarbon2 while Bgluco
has on above carbon 1
Eggs saggy enzymes that digestaglucose linkeagescann
are common hydrolize13glucose linkeagesduetodifferent
mostsugars end in ose shapes
glucose glucose maltose
sucrose Humansdon'tprocess cellulosecows have
cellulose in
glucose fructose enzymes that allow them toprocessfor wood
and termites have enzymes
grass
Proteins O
R is a sidegro

H
in to do
L t T.TT ao.tn
a gong
determines
ftp f ont't Oy
thebehaviorof
andstructure
desynytureati Iiderjusttwoowaysa
involved in nearly or polymer
polypeptide
all cellularfunction
20 different amino
acids r
groups strands
p
have aminoends
ÉigÉÉfÉ1Ng protein's roles
nitrogenoussubstance and ends enzymes catalysts
Chainsofaminoacidsless carboxyl antibodiesthat
substa
mark unknown
50molecules
longare protein hormones
formed
polypeptides
by we
fromaquire
dipeptides nitrogen
fourstructurelevels protein
primarysecondary penguin
quartenary
structure
tertiaryquaternary association oftwo or more
notdependant
polypeptidessomeproteins
Excollagenhemoglobinonly
on
primarybonding
orbehavior

selectiveacceleration
NotesfromBook Enzymaticproteins ofchemicalrealtio
dehydrogenase are
enzymatic proteins
breaks down alcohol
workhorses because
they
I
acids
tiff
are not consumed andcan be usedagain again storageproteinsstorageofamino
o speed reactions
up
t
TITLE
iii
satinsiagffinttions ovalbumin fittingly
Hormonalproteins
Obelix canactas
RAMhydrogenbond earficarday endorphinsble
tissuesto take upglucose thusregulating
bloodsugarconcentration
Bpleated 17503771 strand mm
sheet
DIII I
Ega
ÉÉÉiÉÉ i ii
Structure 3 dimensionalshape
Tertiary
tabilized interactions between side chains Transportproteins transport ofsubsta
by chainon hydrogenbonds rather Extransporting
v0 longerdependant
side
moleculesacrossmembranes
defined
by properties

megaton
 pHsaltconcentration
andother
emperaturebreak weak
spects can
hemicalbondswith a

IIIeligitigittein
s called denaturation
inactive
t is biologically

NucleicAcids

3partsnitrogen
Thenucleotide structure
afive
ringatleastone
containing
Carbonsugar

i it
I it it jetty off o o iii

0 Y It s
atesineightigiigurate
Purines

Adefine
I
Cstisns stingo
Generalnotes chapters2 3
chemistryLifeMolecules ElementProperties
chemicals insectcommunication
playamajorrole indefense DaltonsstandforAmu atomic mass
theattractionof mates and predators
against Unit
massnumberstotal of
to s nf gend ggen neutronsin the nucleusof protons
an atom
ifeng.tn is651
makeup isotopesareatoms ofelementstha
961 living
of matter Oxygen mass ofbody differin weight neutrons
Traceelements requiredbyorganisms Radioactiveisotopeone inwhichthe
in smallquantities Ex Iron Fe nucleusdecays spontaneously
giving
Tolerancetotoxicelementsnaturalselectionexsunflowers offenergyandparticles
have developedresistancestoleadandzinc defined the
Energyto causeby
NNN PNM capacity
work
change doin
by
cohesion moleculesheldtogether
simplywater covalent ionic are strongest
dhesion moleculesheldtogetherwithothermolecules Chemical bonds
hydrogenbondsallowcohesiontohappenwhich
thetransportation ofH2omoleculesagainst
permitswhen
methane Citysinglebonds H t
positiveion cation smaller
É
gravity goinguproots
Idhesionofwatercellsto walls negativeion anion larger
untertheeffectof plant xylem helps ioniccompoundsarerefferedtoassalts
gravity
surfacetensionisrelatedtocohesion van der waals interactions
in solidstateICE water islocked into a crystalline are generallyweak
attice becausethemolecules are
just farenoughapartthe molecularshapedetermineshow
cestructureis lot Lessdensethan liquidwater moleculesrespond9react
solution soluteisdissolved in water biological
aqueous tooneanother
Hydration cell H2omoleculessurrounding adissolved
hydrophilic substances w an affinityfor water Organic compounds
theopposite999 molecules
nonpolar
all contain Carbo
hydrogen
hydrophobic
tidsiBases
Hydrogen ion Ht singularproton wcharge ti
MEET Étaffe Ethyl

t.EE
sIoron nytd8niumEiydr
oxide
thoffrevalentintosffiving

t.gg
organisms
gc Ex hydrocarbonsreleaselarge
amounts ofenergyin reactions

break down w
Y
enzymes
as a
catalyst
monomers are covalentybondedto eachother
and areusedin dehydrations
In the bodywater starts the hydroto sis enzymes cyclohexane
speedupthe process H
H c
Gg
I H
g