WATER REPELLENT CHEMICALS
IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
NAME- SOURAV KUMAR
ROLL NO.- 23TXT135
GROUP NO. - 8
TYPES OF WATER REPELLENT CHEMICALS :-
• SILLICON BASED WATER REPELLENT
• WAX BASED WATER REPELLENT
• FLUOROCARBON BASED REPELLENT
• NANO MATERIAL
• EPOXY RESIN
Introduction to Nano
Materials
1 Size Matters 2 Surface Area
Advantage
Nano materials are incredibly
small, measured in nanometers The high surface area-to-
(one billionth of a meter). This volume ratio of nano materials
tiny size allows them to exhibit enables them to interact with
unique properties that differ surfaces more effectively,
significantly from their larger leading to enhanced
counterparts. functionalities like water
repellency.
3 Diverse Applications
Nano materials find applications in various fields, including electronics,
medicine, energy, and textiles, contributing to significant advancements
in these industries.
Nano Materials as Water Repellents:
Transforming the Textile Industry
Traditional Water Repellent Methods Nano Materials: A New Paradigm
Traditionally, water repellency in textiles relied on surface Nano materials, with their incredibly small size, possess
treatments that created a barrier against water penetration. unique properties that enable them to interact with surfaces
These methods often involved the use of bulky coatings that at a molecular level. These materials are capable of forming
could compromise the fabric's breathability, flexibility, and highly durable and thin coatings, providing exceptional water
aesthetic appeal. The advent of nano materials has repellency without compromising the fabric's natural
revolutionized water repellency by offering a more effective characteristics.
and sustainable approach.
Nano Materials' Unique
Properties for Water
Repellency
Hydrophobicity
Nano materials possess hydrophobic properties, meaning they repel water. This
characteristic stems from their unique surface structure and chemical
composition, which minimize contact with water molecules.
Lotus Effect
The "lotus effect" refers to the self-cleaning ability of surfaces inspired by the
lotus leaf, which repels water and dirt. Nano materials can mimic this effect,
making fabrics stain-resistant and easy to clean.
Durability and Longevity
Nano-based water repellent coatings are highly durable, adhering firmly to the
fabric's surface and resisting abrasion, washing, and other forms of wear and tear.
This ensures long-lasting performance and a significant reduction in the need for
re-treatment.
Nano-based Water Repellent Coatings
for Textiles
Type of Nano Material Mechanism Advantages
Nanoparticles Create a thin layer on the fabric Durable, effective, and easy to apply.
surface, repelling water molecules.
Nano-fibers Form a network of fine fibers that trap Highly breathable, lightweight, and
air, creating a hydrophobic barrier. flexible.
Nano-coatings Adhere to the fabric surface, forming Versatile, customizable, and can be
a protective layer that repels water. applied to various fabrics.
Common Nano Materials Used in Textiles
Material Properties Applications
Silver nanoparticles Antimicrobial Antibacterial socks, medical textiles
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles UV protection, self-cleaning Sunscreen clothing, self-cleaning curtains
Carbon nanotubes Strength, conductivity High-performance sportswear,
conductive fabrics
1 Top-Down Approach
Synthesis Bulk materials are broken down into smaller nanoparticles using
mechanical or chemical methods.
Methods for
Nano Materials 2 Bottom-Up Approach
Atoms and molecules are assembled into nanoparticles using
controlled chemical reactions.
3 Hybrid Methods
Combining top-down and bottom-up approaches to achieve
specific properties and functionalities.
Surface Modification of
Nano Materials
Coating
Applying a thin layer of a functional material onto the surface of
the nanoparticles.
Doping
Introducing impurities into the nanoparticles to alter their
electrical or optical properties.
Surface Functionalization
Attaching specific molecules or functional groups to the surface
for specific applications.
Integration of Nano Materials into Textile
Fabrics
Incorporation During Post-Production
Fiber Formation Treatment
Nano materials are added to the Nano materials are applied to
spinning solution, resulting in fibers finished fabrics through techniques
with inherent nano properties. like padding, spraying, or dipping.
Encapsulation
Nano materials are encapsulated within the fabric structure, releasing their
functionalities upon demand.
Characterization and
Testing of Nano-Textiles
Microscopy Spectroscopy
Visualizing the structure and Analyzing the chemical composition
morphology of nano materials within and bonding of nano materials.
the fabric.
Water Repellency Tests Antimicrobial Tests
Measuring the resistance of the fabric Evaluating the effectiveness of the
to water penetration. fabric in inhibiting microbial growth.
Application of Nano Materials in Textile Industry
Outdoor Apparel Sportswear
Nano-based water repellent coatings are widely used in rain jackets, raincoats, and other outdoor wear, providing protection from rain, Nano-based coatings enhance the performance of sportswear by keeping athletes dry and comfortable, even during intense physical
snow, and wind. activities.
Home Furnishings Camping Equipment
Nano-based coatings protect furniture from spills, stains, and moisture, making them easier to clean and maintain. Nano-based coatings enhance the water repellency of tents, sleeping bags, and other camping gear, providing protection from the
elements.
Advantages of Nano-based Water Repellent
Textiles
Enhanced Performance Improved Durability Enhanced Comfort
Nano-based water repellent textiles offer Nano-based coatings are highly durable, Nano-based coatings are thin and
superior water repellency, protecting the resisting repeated washing, abrasion, and lightweight, maintaining the fabric's
wearer from rain, snow, and other forms of wear and tear. This ensures long-lasting natural feel and flexibility. They also
moisture. They also retain their water repellency, reducing the need for prevent the build-up of moisture, keeping
breathability, ensuring comfort and frequent re-treatments. the wearer dry and comfortable.
performance during physical activities.
Sustainability and
Environmental Benefits
1 Reduced Chemical Use 2 Improved Water
Repellency
Nano materials require less
chemical treatment compared to Nano-based coatings provide
traditional methods, minimizing long-lasting water repellency,
environmental impact and reducing the need for frequent re-
reducing the use of harmful treatments and minimizing water
substances. and energy consumption.
3 Enhanced Durability 4 Eco-friendly
Manufacturing
Nano-based coatings extend the
lifespan of textiles, reducing the The use of nano materials aligns
need for frequent replacement with sustainable manufacturing
and minimizing textile waste. practices, promoting responsible
production and minimizing
environmental footprint.
Water Repellency: The
Challenge in Textile
Manufacturing
1 Functionality
Textiles need to repel water to protect the wearer from the elements, maintain
their performance, and prevent damage from moisture. This is crucial for
outdoor wear, sportswear, and everyday clothing.
2 Durability
Water repellent treatments must be durable, resisting repeated washing and
wear and tear. This ensures long-lasting performance and prevents the fabric
from losing its water repellency over time.
3 Breathability
Water repellent textiles need to be breathable to allow moisture vapor to escape,
preventing the build-up of sweat and discomfort. This is essential for activewear
and performance clothing.
Limitations of Nano Materials in
Textiles
Cost and Scalability Safety Concerns Regulatory Frameworks
The production of nano materials can While nano materials are generally The use of nano materials in textiles is
be expensive, and scaling up considered safe, there are concerns subject to evolving regulations and
manufacturing to meet market about their potential long-term effects standards. Establishing clear
demands can be challenging. These on human health and the environment. guidelines for manufacturing, labeling,
factors can impact the affordability Ongoing research is crucial to address and disposal is crucial for responsible
and accessibility of nano-based these concerns and ensure responsible innovation.
textiles. use.
Future Trends and
Opportunities in Nano-
Textile Technology
1 Smart Textiles 2 Bio-inspired
Integrating sensors,
Materials
electronics, and responsive Developing nano materials
functionalities into textiles for that mimic the properties of
personalized wearables. biological systems for
improved sustainability and
performance.
3 Personalized Medicine
Using nano-textiles to deliver drugs and monitor health conditions for
personalized healthcare.
Future Outlook and Research Opportunities: Nano Materials in
Textile Industry
The integration of nanomaterials into textiles is revolutionizing the industry, presenting a myriad of exciting possibilities for the future.
1 Enhanced Durability and Performance 2 Sustainable Innovations
Nano-enhanced textiles are expected to exhibit exceptional durability, Nanotechnology offers a path towards more sustainable textile production,
resistance to wear and tear, and improved performance. This will lead to enabling the use of less water and energy during manufacturing. It also
longer-lasting and more resilient clothing, industrial fabrics, and other textile opens avenues for bio-based and recycled materials.
products.
3 Smart Textiles and Wearables 4 Research and Development
Nanomaterials are paving the way for smart textiles with integrated Research is ongoing to explore new applications of nanomaterials in textiles,
functionalities, such as temperature regulation, moisture control, and even focusing on areas such as antimicrobial coatings, stain resistance, and UV
health monitoring. This opens the door for innovative wearables and protection. This will further expand the possibilities for functional and
advanced performance garments. innovative textile products.
The future of textiles is undoubtedly shaped by nanotechnology, offering a wide range of opportunities for innovation and improvement. As research progresses, we can
expect even more exciting breakthroughs in the field, leading to a future where textiles are more durable, sustainable, and intelligent than ever before.
by S ourav K umar
THANK YOU!!!
