‘pwxI’ qoN ilAw hY, ijs dw mqlb pMj dirAwvW dI DrqI bxdw hY[ ieh auh pMj dirAw

hn ijhVy ies ielwky iv`c vgdy sn[ A`j-k`lH do dirAw (cnwb Aqy ijhlm) pwiksqwn
iv`c hI vgdy hn[ BwrqI pMjwb iv`c bwkI iqMn dirAwvW (sqluj, ibAws Aqy rwvI) dw
pwxI vgdw hY ijhVy Bwrq iv`coN huMdy hoey pwiksqwn iv`c pRvyS krdy hn[
s`iBAqwvW dy ivkisq hox dI g`l krIey qW sB qoN purwxI s`iBAqw isMDU GwtI dI s`iBAqw
hY[ ies dy ^qm hox nwL pMjwb dI DrqI ’qy vYidk s`iBAqw dw nwm ilAw jw skdw hY[
aus auprMq pMjwb ’qy AnykW hmlwvrW dy kwrn qurk, S`k, muZl, hUx, kuSwn Aqy gupq
rwj dIAW s`iBAqwvW vI ivkisq hoeIAW[ sB qoN ip`CoN pMjwb ’qy AMgryzW ny rwj kIqw[
ies qrHW ieh swrIAW s`iBAqwvW Awpxy AmIr ivrsy dI Cwp pMjwb ’qy C`fdIAW rhIAW[
iehI kwrn hY ik pMjwb dw s`iBAwcwr ie`k imSirq s`iBAwcwr bixAw[ iehnW prMprwvW
dI pux-Cwx iv`c swry gurUAW, BgqW, XoiDAW, ilKwrIAW, iKfwrIAW Aqy ShIdW ny Aihm
ih`sw pwieAw[

pMjwbIAW dy mnorMjn
purwxy smyN mnorMjn dy swDn G`t hI huMdy sn[ jdoN myly l`gdy qW swrw ipMf hI au~Dr ƒ
muhwrW G`q idMdw[ keI-keI idnW qoN iqAwrIAW SurU ho jWdIAW, nvyN k`pVy isaUNx ƒ dy id`qy
jWdy sn[ hryk leI AMdroN-AMdrI cwA huMdw sI[ iksy ie`k ipMf gIqW dw AKwVw l`gxw qW
keI-keI ipMf aus ƒ suxn leI jWdy sn[ qurly vwLI p`g qy P`bvyN kuVqy-cwdry nwL mylw
vyKxw[ kuVIAW ny vI PulkwrIAW lY ky hyVHW dIAW hyVHW ’c mylw dyKx Awauxw[ lok mdwrI
dw qmwSw Aqy BlvwnW dy GoL dyKdy sn[ lokW dy hwzmy cMgy sn qy auhnW dw ju`sw vI bhuq
vDIAw huMdw sI[ sO swl dw bwbw vI KyqW ’c gyVw lw AwauNdw sI[ auh syr do syr du`D fIk
lw ky pI jWdy sn[ ik`lo-ik`lo vysx Kw jWdy Aqy du`D ’c iGE pw ky pINdy sn[

pMjwb dw pOx-pwxI
pMjwb dy mOsmI l`Cx A`q dI grmI Aqy kVwky dI TMF vwLIAW hwlqW vwLy mMny gey hn[
slwnw qwpmwn - 4 qoN 47 ifgrI sYlsIAs q`k jWdy hn[ ihmwlw dy pYrW ’c v`sy au~qr-
pUrbI ielwky ’c BwrI vrKw huMdI hY jdik hor d`Kx Aqy p`Cm v`l pYNdy ielwikAW iv`c mINh
G`t pYNdy hn Aqy qwpmwn v`D huMdw hY[

pMjwb dw jl-vwXU
iksy sQwn dy lMmy smyN qoN sQweI, AOsqn vwqwvrn hwlwq ƒ au~QoN dw jl-vwXU ikhw jWdw
hY[ mu`K jl-vwXU q`q jo iksy sQwn dy vwqwvrn ƒ pRBwivq krdy hn, ies pRkwr hn- vrKw,

2 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

qwpmwn, nmI, vwXU dbwA, hvw, b`dL Aqy Du`p[ ru`qW iv`c qbdIlI nwL hI vwqwvrn iv`c
qbdIlI nzr AwauNdI hY[ mOsm Aqy BUgol-ivigAwnI mu`K qOr ’qy iqMn ru`qW Aqy pirvrqn-
kwl sMbMDI pMjwb iv`c do ru`qW mMndy hn[

mu`K ru`qW
1. grmI ru`q (m`D AprYl qoN jUn dy AMq q`k)
2. vrKw ru`q (julweI dy ArMB qoN sqMbr dy AMq q`k)
3. srd ru`q (dsMbr dy ArMB qoN &rvrI dy AMq q`k)

pirvrqn-kwlIn ru`qW
4. pqJV (AkqUbr qoN nvMbr dy AMq q`k)
5. bsMq (mwrc qoN AprYl dy m`D q`k)

AiBAws
1. pMjwb dw rwj-pMCI hY:
(a) qoqw (A) bwz (e) koiel (s) icVI

2. ‘Awb’ dw ArQ hY:

(a) rotI (A) pwxI (e) im`tI (s) kxk

3. ‘AweIn-ey-AkbrI’ dw lyKk kOx hY:

(a) Abul krIm (A) Abul &zl (e) Abul husYn (s) AXul munIr

4. pMjwb iv`c vrKw ru`q dy mhIny ikhVy hn:

(a) AprYl qoN jUn (A) julweI qoN sqMbr
(e) dsMbr qoN &rvrI (s) &rvrI qoN mwrc

5. sB qoN purwxI s`iBAqw ikhVI hY:

(a) qurk-s`iBAqw (A) kuSwn-s`iBAqw
(e) vYidk s`iBAqw (s) isMDU GwtI dI s`iBAqw

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 3

 gurU swihbwn Aqy is`K rwj sMbMDI sMKyp jwxkwrI

gurU Sbd dw ArQ

gurU Sbd sMsikRq iv`c iksy igAwn jW Kyqr dy iksy AiDAwpk, mwhr jW ivSyS`g leI
huMdw hY[ BweI vIr isMG gurU gRMQ swihb koS iv`c d`sdy hn ik gurU do v`Kry ih`isAW- ‘gu’
Aqy ‘rU’ dw sumyl hY[ ‘gu’ dw Bwv hY ‘hnyrw’ Aqy ‘rU’ dw ArQ hY ‘cwnx’[ iehnW doNhW
dy joV qoN bixAw Sbd ‘gurU’ AKvwauNdw hY: auh S^sIAq jo hnyry iv`c cwnx kr dyvy Bwv
jo pRkwSmwn hY[

is`K Sbd dw ArQ

is`K Sbd sMsikRq Sbd ‘iSSX’ ArQwq ividAwrQI jW iSKSw ArQwq is`iKAw dw bdlvW
rUp hY[ pMjwbI BwSw iv`c ‘is`K’ Sbd dy ArQ s`cy Drm ƒ mMnx vwLy qoN hY[ 1925 dy is`K
gurduAwrw AYkt Anuswr, is`K dw ArQ hY : is`K Drm ƒ mMnx vwLw[

is`K Drm dw ieiqhws

is`K Drm 1469 eIsvI iv`c hoNd iv`c AwieAw[ ies swl is`K Drm dy moFI, gurU nwnk dyv
jI dw jnm hoieAw[ gurU nwnk dyv jI dw jnm-kwl, is`K Drm Aqy mwnvqw dy Dwrimk
ieiqhws iv`c ivSyS qOr ’qy mh`qvpUrn hY[ Bwrq iv`c ieh BgqI Aqy pMjwb iv`c sU&I
lihr dw dOr sI[ BgqI Aqy sU&I lihr ny dys iv`c ie`k nvyN Dwrimk mwhOl dI isrjxw
kIqI[ BgqW Aqy sU&IAW vWgUM, gurU jI ny vI Drm dw AwDwr prmwqmw pRiq ipAwr d`isAw[
BgqI mq dy sMqW vWgUM auhnW ny vI jwqI Aqy byloVy irvwjW dw ivroD kIqw[ sU&I sMqW vWgUM
auhnW ny prmwqmw ƒ pwaux leI prmwqmw dy Bwxy iv`c rihxw d`isAw[ dovyN mqW ny pRBU-
mihmw dw guxgwn kIqw Aqy ihMdU-muslmwnW ƒ ie`k for iv`c prox dI koSS jwrI r`KI[
BgqI Aqy sU&I sMqW dw mMqv kyvl Awqm- icMqn sI[ pr gurU swihb ƒ aus smyN smwj
iv`c pRcilq kurIqIAW dw vI igAwn sI[ auhnW ny ikhw ik ie`k s`cy Drm dw mksd iehnW
kurIqIAW qoN Cutkwrw pwauxw huMdw hY[ BgqI Aqy sU&I sMqW nwLoN gurU swihb dy isDWqW iv`c
kw&I m`q-Byd vI sn[ auhnW ny aus srb-SkqImwn dI mihmw dw guxgwn kIqw, mUrqI-pUjw
dw ivroD kIqw Aqy nYiqk Awcwr ƒ hor sB rUpW nwLoN pihl id`qI[ ies sDwrn is`iKAw
rwhIN hI auhnW ny Bwrq iv`c ie`k mu`K Dwrimk soc dw bIj bIijAw ijs ƒ is`KI dy nwm
nwL jwixAw jWdw hY[

4 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 sRI gurU nwnk dyv jI
v jnm : 1469 eI: ƒ rwey Boie dI qlvMfI (A`j-k`lH nnkwxw swihb)
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw iqRpqw jI/ipqw mihqw kwlU jI (kilAwx dws jI)
v pqnI : bIbI sul`KxI jI
v spu`qr : bwbw sRI cMd jI, bwbw l`KmI dws jI
v rcnw : jpujI swihb, Awsw dI vwr, d`KxI EAMkwr, is`D gosit,
bwrWmwh, 974 Sbd
v igAwn-pRwpqI : vyeIN ndI ’qy
v Sihr dI sQwpnw : krqwrpur swihb (lwhOr, pwiksqwn)
v ArMB kIqI : lMgr-pRQw
v smyN dy muZl bwdSwh : bwbr (pihlw muZl bwdSwh) Aqy SyrSwh sUrI
v au~qrwiDkwrI : BweI lihxw jI (gurU AMgd dyv jI)
v joqI-joq : krqwrpur ivKy 1539 eIsvI iv`c

sRI gurU AMgd dyv jI

v jnm : 1504 eI: ƒ m`qy dI srW (srwie nwgw),
izlHw sRI mukqsr swihb
v mwqw-ipqw : mwqw dieAw jI/ ipqw BweI PyrUm`l jI
v pqnI : mwqw KIvI jI
v spu`qr-spu`qrI : sRI dwqU jI, sRI dwsU jI
bIbI Amro jI, bIbI AnoKI jI
v gurg`dI : 1539-1552 eI:
v Koj : gurmuKI ilpI (pMjwbI vrn-mwlw ƒ shI qrqIb id`qI)
v prMprw SurU kIqI : m`l-AKwVw
v rcnw : 63 slok

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 5

 v Sihr sQwipq kIqw : KfUr swihb (A`j-k`lH izlHw qrnqwrn iv`c)
v smyN dy muZl bwdSwh : hmwXUM Aqy SyrSwh sUrI
v au~qrwiDkwrI : gurU Amrdws jI
v joqI-joq : KfUr swihb ivKy 1552 eI: iv`c

sRI gurU Amrdws jI

v jnm : 1479 ƒ bwsrky (izlHw sRI AMimRqsr swihb ivKy)
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw sul`KxI jI/ipqw sRI qyj Bwn jI
v pqnI : mnsw dyvI jI
v spu`qr/ spu`qrI : bwbw mohn jI, bwbw mohrI jI
bIbI dwnI jI, bIbI BwnI jI
v gurg`dI : 1552-1574 eI:
v SurU kIqI : mMjI-pRQw
v rcnw : AnMdu swihb, 907 Sbd
v Sihr vswieAw : goieMdvwl swihb (A`j-k`lH izlHw qrnqwrn ivKy)
v inrmwx kIqw : bwauLI swihb (goieMdvwl swihb ivKy)
v pRcwr kIqw : ‘pihly pMgq pwCY sMgq’ (sMgq qoN pihlW pMgq)
v smyN dy muZl bwdSwh : Akbr
v au~qrwiDkwrI : BweI jyTw jI (gurU rwmdws jI)
v joqI-joq smwauxw : goieMdvwl swihb ivKy 1574 eI: ƒ

sRI gurU rwmdws jI

v jnm : 1534 eI: ƒ cUnw mMfI, lwhOr
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw dieAw kOr jI/ipqw sRI hrIdws jI
v pqnI : bIbI BwnI jI

6 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

v spu`qr : ipRQI cMd, mhWdyv, (sRI gurU) Arjn dyv jI
v gurg`dI : 1574-1581 eI:
v ArMB kIqI : msMd-pRQw
v rcnw : 30 rwgW iv`c 679 Sbd
v Sihr vswieAw : AMimRqsr (rwmdwspur,gurU kw c`k)
v smyN dy muZl bwdSwh : Akbr
v au~qrwiDkwrI : gurU Arjn dyv jI
v joqI-joq smwauxw : goieMdvwl swihb ivKy 1581 eI: ƒ

sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI

v jnm : 1563 eI: iv`c goieMdvwl swihb ivKy
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw bIbI BwnI jI/ipqw sRI gurU rwmdws jI
v pqnI : mwqw gMgw jI
v spu`qr : sRI gurU hirgoibMd jI
v gurg`dI : 1581-1606 eI:
v sMpUrn krvwieAw : AMimRqsr srovr, sMqoKsr Aqy rwmsr srovr
v auswrI krvweI : sRI hirmMdr swihb
v s`dw ByijAw : hirmMdr swihb dI nINh r`Kx leI musilm sU&I sWeIN
sMq mIAW mIr jI ƒ
v rcnw : 30 rwgW ivc 2218 Sbd
pRis`D rcnwvW: sRI suKmnI swihb, bwvn A`KrI, bwrh mwhw
v Sihr vswieAw : krqwrpur Aqy sRI hirgoibMdpur
v sMpwdn-kwrj : Awid gRMQ, 1604 eI:
v prMprw SurU kIqI : dsvMD (Awmdn dw dsvW ih`sw loVvMdW ƒ dwn dyxw)
v smyN dy muZl bwdSwh : Akbr, jhWgIr

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 7

 v au~qrwiDkwrI : gurU hirgoibMd jI
v joqI-joq : 1606 iv`c lwhOr ivKy
v ivSyS : ShIdI pwaux vwLy pihly is`K gurU, ‘ShIdW dy srqwj’[

sRI gurU hirgoibMd jI

v jnm : 1595 eI: iv`c AMimRqsr nyVy ipMf vfwLI ivKy
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw gMgw jI / ipqw gurU Arjn dyv jI
v pqnI : mwqw dmodrI jI, mwqw nwnkI jI, mwqw mhWdyvI jI
v spu`qr : bwbw gurid`qw jI, bwbw AxIrwey, bwbw sUrjm`l,
sRI At`l rwey Aqy (sRI gurU) qyZ bhwdr jI
v spu`qrI : bIbI vIro jI
v gurg`dI : 1606-1644 eI:
v b^SS kIqI : mIrI Aqy pIrI
v pCwx : bMdICoV
v auswrI krvweI : sRI Akwl q^q (sRI hirmMdr swihb dy swmHxy), kOlsr qy
ibbyksr, AMimRqsr ivKy lohgVH iklHy dw inrmwx krvwieAw[
v Sihr vswieAw : kIrqpur swihb
v smkwlI muZl bwdSwh: jhWgIr Aqy SwhjhW
v au~qrwiDkwrI : gurU hirrwie jI
v joqI-joq : 1644 eI: iv`c kIrqpur swihb ivKy

sRI gurU hirrwie jI

v jnm : 1630 eI: iv`c kIrqpur swihb ivKy
v mwqw/ipqw : inhwl kOr jI/bwbw gurid`qw jI
v pqnI : mwqw ikRSn kOr jI

8 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

v spu`qr : sRI rwmrwey jI Aqy sRI gurU hirikRSn jI
v gurg`dI : 1644-1661 eI:
v ASIrvwd id`qw : dwrw iSkoh (SwhjhW dw v`fw pu`qr)
v smkwlI muZl bwdSwh: SwhjhW Aqy AOrMgzyb
v au~qrwiDkwrI : gurU hirikRSn jI
v joqI-joq smwauxw : 1661 eI: iv`c kIrqpur swihb ivKy
v mhwn kwrj : kIrqpur ivKy rogIAW leI dvw^wnw bxwieAw[
kwl-pIiVqW dI shwieqw kIqI[

sRI gurU hirikRSn jI

v jnm : 1656 eI: iv`c kIrqpur ivKy
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw ikRSn kOr jI/ ipqw gurU hirrwie jI
v mhwn kwrj : cyck pIiVqW dI syvw kridAW pRwx iqAwgy[
v gurg`dI : 1661-1664 eI:
v pCwx/mMinAw jWdw hY : bwlw pRIqm
v id`lI ivKy ij`Qy ruky : imrzw jY isMG rwey isMnHw dy Gr ruky
(ij`Qy A`j-k`lH gurduAwrw bMglw swihb hY)
v smkwlI muZl bwdSwh: AOrMgzyb
v au~qrwiDkwrI : gurU qyZ bhwdr jI
v joqI-joq smwauxw : 1664 eI: iv`c id`lI ivKy

sRI gurU qyZ bhwdr jI

v jnm : 1621 eI: iv`c sRI AMimRqsr swihb ivKy
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw nwnkI jI / ipqw sRI gurU hirgoibMd swihb jI
v pqnI : mwqw gujrI jI
v spu`qr : goibMd rwey (gurU goibMd isMG jI)

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 9

 v gurg`dI : 1664-1675 eI:
v rcnw : slok mhlw 9, 15 rwg
v sQwipq kIqw : c`k nwnkI (sRI AnMdpur swihb)
v smyN dy muZl bwdSwh : AOrMgzyb
v Shwdq : bwdSwh AOrMgzyb dy hukmW ’qy cWdnI cONk, id`lI ivKy
DV nwLoN sIs Al`g kr id`qw igAw[
v Xwd iv`c bxy : gurduAwrw sIsgMj swihb, gurduAwrw rkwbgMj swihb
gurduAwry
v sIs ƒ lY ky Awey : BweI jYqw jI
v sIs dw sskwr kIqw : gurU goibMd isMG jI duAwrw gurduAwrw sIsgMj, sRI AnMdpur swihb ivKy[
v joqI-joq smwauxw : 1675 eI. iv`c cWdnI cONk, id`lI ivKy
v au~qrwiDkwrI : goibMd rwey jI (sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI)

sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI

v jnm : 1666 eI: iv`c ptnw swihb ivKy
v mwqw/ipqw : mwqw gujrI jI/ipqw sRI gurU qyZ bhwdr jI
v pqnI : mwqw jIqo jI, mwqw suMdrI jI Aqy mwqw swihb kOr jI
v spu`qr : swihbzwdw AjIq isMG, swihbzwdw juJwr isMG,
swihbzwdw zorwvr isMG Aqy swihbzwdw &iqh isMG jI
v gurg`dI : 1675–1708 eI:
v mhwn kwrj : 1699 eI: ivc ^wlsw pMQ dI sQwpnw (sRI AnMdpur swihb ivKy)
v Sihr vswieAw : pwauNtw swihb
v rcnwvW : dsm gRMQ, vwr sRI BgauqI jI kI, bicqR nwtk, Akwl ausqiq,
cMfI dI vwr, jwpu swihb, svXy Aqy z&rnwmw
v au~qrwiDkwrI : sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI
v joqI-joq smwauxw : 1708 eI: iv`c nWdyV (mhWrwStr) ivKy

10 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 cwr swihbzwdy
1. bwbw AjIq isMG jI
2. bwbw juJwr isMG jI
3. bwbw zorwvr isMG jI
4. bwbw &iqh isMG jI

pMj ipAwry
1. BweI dieAw isMG jI : lwhOr (pMjwb)
2. BweI Drm isMG jI : hsqnwpur, au~qr pRdyS
3. BweI ihMmq isMG jI : purI, auVIsw
4. BweI mohkm isMG jI : dvwrkw, gujrwq
5. BweI swihb isMG jI : ibdr, krnwtk

is`K Drm dy pMj q^q

1. sRI Akwl q^q swihb, AMimRqsr
2. sRI ptnw swihb, ibhwr
3. sRI kysgVH swihb, sRI AnMdpur swihb
4. sRI dmdmw swihb, biTMfw
5. sRI hzUr swihb, mhWrwStr

mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG

v jnm : 1780 eI: iv`c gujrWvwLw ivKy (hux pwiksqwn iv`c)
v idhWq : 1839 eI:
v mwqw/ipqw : srdwrnI rwj kOr/srdwr mhW isMG
v pCwx : Syr-ey-pMjwb
v imsl : Sukrc`kIAw

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 11

 v pqnI : mihqwb kOr
v rwjDwnI : lwhOr
v jwrI kIqw : nwnkSwhI is`ky
v bxvwieAw : q^q sRI ptnw swihb Aqy q^q sRI hzUr swihb
v sony dIAW plytW : sRI hirmMdr swihb dIAW kMDW leI
dwn kIqIAW

AiBAws
1. gurU qyZ bhwdr jI dw jnm kdoN hoieAw:
(a) 1620 eI: (A) 1621 eI: (e) 1622 eI: (s) 1623 eI:

2. ‘Awid gRMQ’ dI sMpwdnw kdoN hoeI:

(a) 1603 eI: (A) 1604 eI: (e) 1605 eI: (s) 1606 eI:

3. sRI gurU rwmdws jI is`KW dy ikMnvyN gurU hn:

(a) pihly gurU (A) dUjy gurU (e) qIjy gurU (s) cOQy gurU

4. sRI hirmMdr swihb dw nINh-p`Qr iks ny r`iKAw:

(a) pIr bu`DU Swh (A) sWeIN mIAW mIr jI
(e) At`l rwey jI (s) BweI gurdws jI

5. ^wlsw pMQ dI swjnw ikhVy gurU swihb ny kIqI:

(a) gurU nwnk dyv jI (A) gurU hirgoibMd jI
(e) gurU qyZ bhwdr jI (s) gurU goibMd isMG jI

sRoq: gurU-swihbwn sMbMDI jwxkwrI leI sRoq inmnilKq pusqkW hn:

1. jIvn-ibRqWq sRI gurU nwnk dyv jI (pRo. swihb isMG)
2. gur-ieiqhws pwqSwhI dUjI qoN nONvIN (pRo. swihb isMG)
3. is`K-ieiqhws Bwg-1 (pRo. krqwr isMG AY~m.ey.)

12 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 pMjwbI BwSw qy gurmuKI ilpI

mnu`KI bol-cwl rwhIN ivcwrW dy Awdwn-pRdwn dy swDn ƒ bolI jW BwSw ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh
mnu`KI sMcwr dw ie`k mOiKk kwrj hY[ ivSv dw hr smwj Awpxy ivcwrW dy Awdwn-pRdwn
leI BwSw dw pRXog krdw hY[ hr dys jW smwj dI BwSw v`KrI-v`KrI ho skdI hY, ijvyN:
pMjwb dI pMjwbI, bMgwl dI bMglw, AmrIkw qy ieMglYNf dI AMgryzI hY[ pMjwbI BwSw dysW
Aqy ivdySW iv`c v`sdy smUh pMjwbIAW dI BwSw hY[ ieh pMjwbI smwj jW pMjwb sUby dy smUh
pMjwbIAW dI sWJI BwSw hY[ AzwdI auprMq Bwrq iv`c BwrqI sMivDwn Anuswr pMjwbI BwSw
Bwrq dIAW 22 BwSwvW iv`c Swml kIqI geI hY[ ies AYkt Anuswr pMjwb rwj iv`c pMjwbI
BwSw dy d&qrI qOr ’qy ilKqI rUp leI gurmuKI ilpI ƒ mwnqw id`qI geI[ pMjwb rwj iv`c
swrw d&qrI qy srkwrI kMm-kwj pMjwbI BwSw iv`c hoxw lwzmI hY[ Ajoky dOr iv`c pMjwb dy
iksy vI ivBwg iv`c srkwrI nOkrI pRwpq krn leI dsvIN jmwq q`k pMjwbI ivSy dI pVHweI
kIqI hoeI hoxI lwzmI kIqI geI hY[

pMjwbI BwSw dw Kyqr / dwierw

vrqmwn smyN iv`c pMjwbI BwSw dw Kyqr idn–bidn v`fw ho irhw hY[ pMjwb, pMjwbI BwSw dw
mùK Kyqr hY Aqy ies rwj dI ieh pihly drjy dI srkwrI/d&qrI Aqy rwj-BwSw hY[ pMjwb dy
swry izilHAW iv`c pMjwbI BwSw bolI jw rhI hY[ ieh pMjwbIAW dI mW-bolI hY[ pMjwb qoN ielwvw
Bwrq dy hor sUibAW, ij`Qy-ij`Qy vI pMjwbI v`sdy hn, ijvyN: hirAwxw, ihmwcl pRdyS, id`lI,
cMfIgVH, mhWrwStr, klk`qw, Aswm, jMmU qy kSmIr, rwjsQwn, gujrwq, ibhwr Awid iv`c
vI pMjwbI bolI jWdI hY[ id`lI Aqy hirAwxw sUibAW iv`c vI pMjwbI BwSw dUjy drjy dI BwSw hY
jdoNik ihmwcl pRdyS iv`c ieh qIsry drjy dI BwSw hY[ Bwrq qoN bwhr dy dysW, ijvyN: knyfw
iv`c pMjwbI BwSw au~QoN dI qIjy drjy (AMgryzI Aqy PRYNc qoN bwAd) dI hrmn-ipAwrI BwSw
hY[ ivSv iv`c sB qoN v`D pMjwbI bolx vwiLAW dI igxqI pwiksqwn iv`c hY[ ieh vI ikhw
jw skdw hY ik dys-ivdyS iv`c ij`Qy vI pMjwbI v`sy hoey hn, au~Qy iksy nw iksy rUp iv`c pMjwbI
BwSw bolI jWdI hY[ ivSv-p`Dr ’qy kIqy jwx vwLy srvyKxW iv`c ieh q`Q vI swmHxy Awey hn
ik ivSv dIAW ds hrmn-ipAwrIAW BwSwvW iv`c pMjwbI dsvyN sQwn ’qy hY[
Ajoky dOr iv`c pMjwbI BwSw ivSv dI iksy vI BwSw nwLoN G`t nhIN hY[ ieh bRihmMf dy hr
vrqwry ƒ Awpxy sMcwr dw AwDwr bxwaux dy smr`Q hY[ sMKyp iv`c ikhw jw skdw hY ik ijvyN-
ijvyN pMjwbI, ivSv dy v`K-v`K koinAW iv`c v`sdy jw rhy hn, iqvyN-iqvyN pMjwbI BwSw ivSv dy
hornW KyqrW iv`c vI PYldI jw rhI hY[ ies dw Awpxw AmIr Aqy suqMqr swihiqk ivrsw hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 13

 pMjwbI BwSw dw sMKyp ieiqhws

pMjwbI BwSw dw ieiqhws A`j qoN krIb cwr hzwr swl qoN vI v`D pRwcIn AwrIAw lokW dI
vYidk-sMsikRq BwSw nwL juiVAw hoieAw hY[ bwrHvIN-qyrHvIN sdI iv`c bwbw Sy^ &rId dI
rcnw iv`coN pMjwbI BwSw dw Ajoky muhWdry vwLw pRmwixk rUp swmHxy AwieAw[ iesy kwrn
bwbw Sy^ &rId ƒ pMjwbI BwSw dw ipqwmw vI ikhw jWdw hY[ v`K-v`K ieiqhwisk pVwvW dy
ivkws iv`coN pMjwbI BwSw iv`c sU&I-kwiv, ik`sw-kwiv, gurmiq-kwiv, bIr-kwiv, AwDuink-
kwiv, vwrqk-swihq, Zlp-swihq Aqy styjI swihq (nwtk klw) ricAw igAw[ AwDuink
Xu`g iv`c pMjwbI BwSw ƒ tkswlI Aqy rwj-BwSw hox dw mwx pRwpq hY[
pMjwbIAW ƒ mwx hoxw cwhIdw hY ik pMjwbI BwSw ivSv-p`Dr ’qy muMbeI dI i&lm-ngrI
dw vI Atu`t ih`sw hY Aqy bhuq swrIAW pMjwbI i&lmW ny ivSv-p`DrI hrmn-ipAwrqw vI
pRwpq kIqI hY[ ieh dunIAw dI dsvIN Aqy eySIAw dI cOQI sB qoN v`D bolI jwx vwLI BwSw
hY[ mwJI, mlveI, duAwbI, puAwDI pMjwbI dIAW pRmu`K aup-BwSwvW hn[

pMjwbI BwSw dI bxqr

pMjwbI BwSw dI bxqr iv`c hyT ilKIAW 5 BwSweI iekweIAW Aihm hn:
DunIAW: mnu`KI mUMh (gLy) iv`coN inkLn vwLI CotI qoN CotI Avwz ƒ DunI ikhw jWdw hY[
pMjwbI BwSw dIAW ku`l 41 DunIAW hn[
1. sÍr-DunIAW:
pMjwbI BwSw dIAW 10 sÍr DunIAW hn : A, Aw, ie, eI, au, aU, ey, AY, E, AO
2. ivAMjn-DunIAW:
pMjwbI BwSw dIAW ivAMjn-DunIAW dI igxqI 38 hY[ iehnW iv`coN ‘X’ Aqy ‘v’ ArD-
ivAMjn/ArD- sÍr hn[ pMjwbI dIAW ivAMjn-DunIAW hyT ilKy Anuswr hn :
s, h, k, K, g, G, |, c, C, j, J, \, t, T, f, F, x, q, Q,
d, D, n, p, P, b, B, m, X, r, l, v, V, S, ^, Z, z, &, L
DunIAW dy sumyl qoN Sbd, Sbd qoN vwkWS, aupvwk Aqy vwk dy sMjog iv`coN pMjwbI BwSw
hr qrHW dy sMcwr krn dy smr`Q ie`k suqMqr srUp vwLI BwSw dy rUp iv`c hoNd iv`c Aw cu`kI
hY[ Awpxy suqMqr sMcwr leI ies ƒ iksy hor BwSw ’qy inrBr nhIN hoxw pYNdw[

14 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 gurmuKI ilpI

pMjwbI BwSw ƒ ilKx leI gurmuKI ilpI dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ ijnHW icMnHW dy smUh rwhIN
iksy BwSw ƒ ilKqI rUp id`qw jWdw hY, auhnW ilKqI icMnHW dy smUh ƒ aus BwSw dI ilpI
ikhw jWdw hY[ hryk BwSw dI AwpxI ilpI huMdI hY[ ies qrHW 41 DunIAW vwLI pMjwbI BwSw
ƒ ilKqI rUp dyx leI ijnHW 41 A`KrW Aqy icMnHW dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY, auhnW dy smUh
ƒ gurmuKI ilpI ikhw jWdw hY[ pwiksqwnI pMjwb iv`c pMjwbI BwSw leI &wrsI ilpI iv`c
ilKI jwx vwlI SwhmuKI dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ ies qrHW ieh ikhw jw skdw hY ik ie`k
hI BwSw ƒ v`K-v`K ilpIAW rwhIN ilKxw vI sMBv hY[
gurmuKI ilpI dw jnm vI FweI hzwr swl qoN vI v`D purwxI Bwrq dI pRwcIn ilpI bRwhmI
iv`coN hoieAw[ ieh ilpI vI gurmuKI ilpI vWg K`ibEN s`jy ilKI jWdI sI[
ieiqhwisk sRoqW Anuswr gurmuKI gurU-kwl iv`c gurUAW ny nhIN bxweI (GVI)[ ies dy
A`KrW dy bhuq swry pRmwx gurU-kwl qoN pihlW mOjUd hox dy sbUq hn[ ieh zrUr hY ik gurmuKI
dw nwmkrn, ies dI suDweI Aqy ies dI ivigAwink qrqIb dy ky ies ƒ AwdrS rUp
dyx iv`c is`K gurUAW, ^ws krky sRI gurU nwnk dyv jI Aqy sRI gurU AMgd dyv jI dw vfmu`lw
Xogdwn irhw hY[

gurmuKI ilpI dI bxqr

gurmuKI ilpI iv`c vrn-mwlw, lgW-mwqrW, lgwKrW, AMkW Aqy ivsrwm-icMnHW dw smu`cw
pRbMD Swml hY[ ies dI bxqr ƒ hyT ilKy Anuswr smiJAw jw skdw hY :

vrn-mwlw
a A e s h
gurmuKI ilpI dy swry vrnW/A`KrW dI inSicq
k K g G |
qrqIb ƒ vrn-mwlw ikhw jWdw hY[ ies iv`c
vrnW dI ku`l igxqI 41 (35+6 pYr ’c ibMdI c C j J \
vwLy A`Kr) hY [ purwxI gurmuKI (pYr iv`c ibMdI t T f F x
vwLy A`KrW ƒ C`f ky) iv`c kyvl 35 A`KrW dI q Q d D n
qrqIb hox krky ies ƒ pYNqI vI ikhw jWdw p P b B m
sI[ hryk A`Kr pMjwbI BwSw dI v`KrI DunI ƒ
X r l v V
ilKqI rUp iv`c AMikq krdw hY[ ies dI vrn-
mwlw swhmxy ilKy Anuswr hY : S ^Z z &L

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 15

 lgW-mwqrW
pMjwbI BwSw dIAW sÍÍr-DunIAW ƒ ilKqI rUp iv`c AMikq krn leI gurmuKI ilpI iv`c vrqy
jwx vwLy ilKqI icMnHW ƒ lgW-mwqrW ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh A`KrW/vrnW nwL l`gx vwLy
gurmuKI dy ilKqI icMnH hn[ mukqw smyq iehnW dI igxqI 10 hY jW mukqw qoN ielwvw iehnW
dI igxqI 9 hY[ mukqw, kMnw ( w ), ishwrI ( i ), ibhwrI ( I ), AONkV ( u), dulYNkV ( U ),
lwvW ( y), dulwvW ( Y), hoVw ( o), knOVw ( O)=10

lgwKr
gurmuKI ilpI iv`c lgW-mwqrW nwL l`gx vwLy ilKqI icMnHW ƒ lgwKr ikhw jWdw hY[ iehnW
dI igxqI 3 hY jo ies qrHW hY: ibMdI (N), it`pI ( M) Aqy ADk ( `) [

ihMdsy/AMk
gurmKI ilpI iv`c AMk-pRnwLI ƒ ilKqI rUp iv`c AMikq krn leI 10 ihMdsy/AMk hn:
ú, ñ, ò, ó, ô, õ, ö, ÷, ø, ù

ivsrwm-icMnH
pMjwbI BwSw iv`c aucwrn dI p`Dr ’qy AwauNdy TihrwA, lmkwA, auqrwA-cVHwA jW aucwrn
dy v`Kry AMdwz ƒ ilKqI rUp iv`c AMikq krn leI ijhVy icMnH gurmuKI ilpI iv`c vrqy jWdy
hn, auhnW ƒ ivsrwm-icMnH ikhw jWdw hY[ ies dy kuJ mu`K icMnH hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:
fMfI ([) : pUrn TihrwA
kwmw (,) : Alp TihrwA
ibMdI kwmw (;) : pUrn qoN G`t Aqy Alp TihrwA qoN v`D TihrwA leI
pRSn icMnH (?) : pRSn pu`Cx leI
ivsmk-icMnH (!) : ^uSI, ZmI, hYrwnI, fr Awid dy BwvW ƒ pRgt krn leI
pu`Ty kwmy (“ ”) : iksy g`l ƒ hU-bhU AMikq krn leI
joVnI (-) : smwsI SbdW jW do iek`Ty aucwry jWdy SbdW dy joV ƒ ilKqI rUp iv`c
AMikq krn leI vriqAw jWdw hY[
ies qrHW auprokq bxqr Anuswr gurmuKI ilpI Awpxy-Awp iv`c ie`k sMpUrn ilpI hY jo
bxI hI pMjwbI BwSw ƒ ilKqI rUp dyx leI hY[

16 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 AiBAws
1. pMjwbI BwSw iv`c ivAMjn-DunIAW dI igxqI hY:
(a) 36 (A) 37 (e) 38 (s) 39

2. BwrqI sMivDwn iv`c ikMnIAW BwSwvW ƒ mwnqw id`qI geI hYY:

(a) 21 (A) 22 (e) 23 (s) 24

3. ivSv iv`c sB qoN v`D pMjwbI bolx vwiLAW dI igxqI ikhVy dys iv`c hYY:
(a) Bwrq (A) pwiksqwn (e) knyfw (s) AmrIkw

4. pMjwbI BwSw dI ilpI ikhVI hYY:

(a) dyvnwgrI (A) romn (e) gurmuKI (s) bRwhmI

5. gurmuKI ilpI iv`c lgwKrW dI igxqI ikMnI hYY:

(a) do (A) iqMn (e) Cy (s) ds

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 17

 pMjwbI s`iBAwcwr Aqy lok-Dwrw

purwxy simAW dI swdgI, Ku`lHw Kwx-pIx, myly, swfy s`iBAwcwr dw AMg sn[ lok r`j ky
imhnq krdy sn qy swdw jIvn ijaUNdy sn[ swfy bzurg pUrI imhnq nwL kMm krdy Aqy hr
du`K-su`K dI GVI hr vyLy hwzr rihMdy sn[ iksy ie`k bMdy dy du`K ƒ swry ipMf dw du`K mMinAw
jWdw sI[ iksy ie`k Gr prwhuxw Awauxw qW isr ’qy cu`kI r`Kxw, aus dw pUrw mwx-siqkwr
krnw[ ies qoN ielwvw pUry ipMf ’c eykqw huMdI sI[ purwxy smyN ’c pMjwb dy lok r`j ky du`D
pINdy sn[ purwxIAW bIbIAW crKy k`qdIAW, PulkwrI k`FdIAW, du`D irVkdIAW Aqy Gr
dI sw&-s&weI vI Awp hI krdIAW sn[ ipMf dy lok Awps ’c hI cIzW dw vtWdrw krdy
sn, ijvyN: du`D lY ky Coly qy dwxy Awid dyxw[

pMjwbI lok-Dwrw

pMjwbI lok-Dwrw Aqy s`iBAwcwr is`ky dy do pwisAW vWg hn[ iesy kwrn doNhW KyqrW ƒ
ie`k-dUjy dy nW nwL bulw ilAw jWdw hY[ bhuq swry ivdvwnW Anuswr ivrsy iv`c imLn vwLI
smgrI ƒ lok-Dwrw ikhw jw skdw hY[ lok-Dwrw pUrI qrHW bIqy smyN nwL juVI huMdI hY[
prMqU lok-Dwrw ƒ s`iBAwcwr dy sMcwr dw swDn vI mMinAw jWdw hY ikauNik ieh s`iBAwcwr
ƒ ie`k pIVHI qoN dUjI pIVHI q`k lY ky jWdI hY[
ieh Sbd, do SbdW: lok Aqy Dwrw dy sumyl nwL bxdw hY[ lok qoN ArQ ‘Awm lok’ Aqy
Dwrw qoN Bwv ‘vhwA’ hY[ bhuq hI sDwrn SbdW iv`c hr smwj dw ie`k ijaUNx-FMg huMdw
hY[ieh ie`k pIVHI duAwrw AwpxI dUjI pIVHI (b`icAW) ƒ isKwieAw jWdw hY, ieho auhnW dI
lok-Dwrw AKvwauNdI hY[ lok-Dwrw ƒ smJx dw jqn krIey qW moty qOr ’qy ieh AijhI
jIvn-jwc hY jo Awm lokW duAwrw mMnxXog Aqy ivrsy iv`coN pRwpq kIqI huMdI hY[

rIqI-irvwj

swfw smu`cw jIvn hI rIqI-irvwjW dI mrXwdw iv`c b`Jw hoieAw hY[ ieh mrXwdwvW pMjwbI
BweIcwry dy lokW nwL gihry qOr ’qy juVIAW hoeIAW hn[ mMinAw jWdw hY ik iehnW dw pwlx
krn nwL hI bMdy dw n`k rihMdw hY[ ies leI auh AOKw-sOKw ies lokwcwrI dI pwlxw
zrUr krdw hY[ hr BweIcwry dy Awpxy v`Kry rIqI-irvwj qy mnOqW hn[ rIqI-irvwj jW
rsm-irvwj lok-Dwrw dw Aijhw AMg hn ijnHW dI pwlxw lokwcwr dy inXmW ’qy AwDwirq
huMdI hY[ rsm Adw kIqI jWdI hY[ Adw kIqI rsm jdoN rUVH ho jWdI hY qW auh irvwj bx

18 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

jWdw hY[ ieauN rsmW qy irvwj p`ky huMdy gey[ ieh jnm qoN pihlW hI SurU ho jWdy hn Aqy
bMdy dy mrn mgroN auhdI gqI leI, mrn auprMq vI c`ldy rihMdy hn[ rsmW jIvn dy iqMn
mh`qvpUrn pVwvW nwL ivSyS sMbMD r`KdIAW hn[

jnm smyN dIAW rsmW

grBvqI AOrq dy p`ly Anwj bMnHxw, jxypy smyN bMDnvwr bMnHxw, QwLI KVkwauxw, TIkrw
BMnxw, nwVUAw k`txw, guVHqI dyxw, nwm-sMskwr, bwhr vDwauxw, ^usry ncwauxw Awid jnm
dIAW rsmW hn[

ivAwh smyN dIAW rsmW

rok krnw jW Twkw lwauxw, Cuhwrw lwauxw ie`ko rsm dw ielwkweI nwm hY[ kuVmweI, cuMnI
cVHwauxw, rupeIAw h`Q Drnw ies rsm dy rUp hn[ swhw kFwauxw, mweIeyN pYxw, gwaux
ibTwauxw, nHweI-DoeI, vtxw, sWq, GoVI, gMFW Byjxw, prosw Pyrnw, surmw-slweI, ishrw
guMdxw, jM\ cVHnw, jM\ Fu`kxw, imLnI, lwvW-Pyry, K`t, foLI dI ivdwiegI, pwxI vwrnw,
goq-knwLw, gwnw KolHxw, Qwpy, CtIAW Kyfxw Awid ivAwh dIAW rsmW hn[

mOq smyN dIAW rsmW

mOq smyN BuMjy lwhuxw, gofw invwauxw, nuhwauxw, sIVHI ’qy pwauxw, GVw BMnxw, kpwl-ikirAw
krnI, Pu`l cugxy, cOQw, sqHwrvIN, AMiqm Ardws, Asq cugxy, rsm-pgVI, hMgwmw Awid
rsmW inBweIAW jWdIAW hn[ rsmW lg-pg hr Kyqr iv`c hr smyN lwgU rhIAW hn[

sgn, Apsgn (Su`B Aqy mMdy pRBwv)

mnu`K mUl rUp iv`c pRikriqk jIv hY[ pRikrqI jW mnu`KI jIvn iv`c vwprI iksy Gtnw
dw sMbMD jdoN iksy dUsrI Gtnw nwL juV igAw qW mnu`K smwn siQqIAW iv`c AijhIAW hI
GtnwvW dy vwprn bwry ivSvws krn l`g igAw[ cyqnw dy muFly pVwA qoN hI auh psU-
pMCIAW, rUhW, bdrUhW dI hoNd pRvwn krdw irhw hY[ sgn dw ArQ Su`B krm, cMgw pRBwv,
cVHdI klw dw Aihsws hY cMgy sgn ƒ ij`q jW sPlqw dw sMkyq Aqy bury sgn-Apsgn ƒ
hwr jW AsPlqw dw pRqIk mMinAw igAw hY[ ieh iq`Q, vwr, mnu`KI srIr dy AMg, Kwx-
pIx, pihnx sMbMDI, jnm-mOq sMbMDI, DrqI qy AkwS sMbMDI, jIvW sMbMDI, nzr l`gx sMbMDI,
idnW sMbMDI, BucwL sMbMDI, AMkW sMbMDI vI pRcilq ho gey hn[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 19

 puMn-pwp

puMn-pwp dw mqlb hY, cMgy krm dw cMgw PL Aqy mwVy krm dI szw[ pwp Aqy puMn dw Kyqr
AiDAwqimk hI huMdw hY[ puMn-pwp dw Kyqr AiqAMq ivSwl hY[ iksy Bu`Ky ƒ rotI dyxw, nMgy ƒ
bsqr dyxw, iksy loVvMd dy kMm Awauxw, gaU-ZrIb dI r`iKAw krnw puMn hY[ iksy dw idl
duKwauxw, iksy nwL DoKw krnw jW iemwn dI igrwvt Awid pwp dy Gyry AMdr Swml hn[
vrq - Dwrimk SbdwvlI iv`c vrq inSicq smyN leI AMn nw Kwx dw pRx lYxw hY[
muslmwnW dy qIh Aqy XhUdIAW dy cwLI rozy iesy vrq dw hI rUp hn[ Bwrq iv`c vrqW dI
sMiKAw Axigxq hY[ mMgLvwr, somvwr, iekwdSI, nrwqy, krvw cOQ Awid pRis`D vrq hn[
Bwrq iv`c Awm-qOr ’qy iesqrIAW vrq r`KdIAW hn[ vrqW nwL bhuq swrIAW vrq-
kQwvW vI juVIAW hoeIAW hn[

pMjwb dIAW lok-klwvW

lok-klw Aijhw hunr hY ijs dw AwDwr lok-jIvn hY[ lok-klw dw jnm mnu`K duAwrw kIqy
jwx vwLy kMmW dy suhj, swdgI Aqy klwqimk guxW iv`coN hoieAw hY[ lok-klw mu`F-kdImW
qoN hI mnu`K dy mn dI ^uSI dw swDn rhI hY[ isMDU GwtI dI s`iBAqw dI KudweI smyN imLIAW
mUrqIAW, gihxy, TIkrIAW, mohrW ’qy au~kry ic`qr, im`tI dy BWifAW au~qy kIqI ic`qrkwrI
dy nmUny Aqy nwcI dI mudrw iv`c imLI mUrqI, pMjwb dI purwqn lok-klw dy hI nmUny hn[
srlqw qy swdgI lok-klw dy mu`K gux hn[ lok-klw ie`k pIVHI, dUjI pIVHI qoN ibnW iksy
aucyc qoN is`KdI hY[ lok-klwvW iksy vI smwj dw SISw huMdIAW hn[
pMjwb dIAW bhuqIAW lok-klwvW dIAW isrjk iesqrIAW rhIAW hn ikauNik iesqrI
dw mn koml huMdw hY[ lok-klw dI ie`k ^UbI ieh vI hY ik ies leI luVINdI smgrI Awpxy
nyVy dy cuigrdy iv`coN hI pRwpq kIqI jw skdI hY[ lok-klwvW iv`c bwZ, PulkwrI Awid dI
kFweI krnw, p`KIAW dI nmUnydwr buxqI, JoiLAW jW rumwlW Awid ’qy kFweI krnw, BWfy
r`Kx vwLIAW pVC`qIAW, hwry, BVoly, BVolIAW, cu`lHy-cONky dy Ety bxwauxw, kMDW au~qy im`tI,
pWfU-im`tI, nIl, cUny, ihrmcI, hLdI, kwLK, kysU, pILI im`tI dy GoL nwL Anyk pRkwr dy
nmUny bxwauxw lok-klwvW dIAW hI audwhrnW hn[

pMjwb dy lok-ik`qy
lok-ik`qy purwqn smyN qoN hI mnu`KI jIvn-jwc dw ih`sw rhy hn[ mnu`K ny AwpxIAW in`q
dIAW loVW sWJy rUp iv`c pUrIAW krn dy Xqn kIqy[ ijvyN-ijvyN mnu`KI s`iBAqw dw ivkws
hoieAw, loVW dI pUrqI leI vrqy FMg-qrIikAW iv`c vI qbdIlI AweI[ ijs smyN mnu`K

20 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

jMgLW Aqy JONpVIAW ƒ C`f ky p`ky GrW, ipMfW/ngrW dw inrmwx krn l`gw qW kMmW dI igxqI
iv`c vwDw hoieAw[
sMsikRq BwSw iv`c h`Q ƒ ‘kr’ ikhw jWdw hY[ h`QW nwL kIqy kMmW ƒ ‘kwr krnI’ ikhw
jWdw hY[ ik`qw aus ƒ ikhw jWdw hY ijs qoN iksy ikrq dw inrmwx huMdw hY, ijvyN: qrKwx,
luhwr jW suinAwr Awid duAwrw bxweIAW vsqW Awid[ kuJ ik`qy Aijhy vI huMdy hn jo lokW
dy mnorMjn nwL hI sMbMiDq huMdy hn[
lok-ik`qw ipqw-purKI kMm ƒ ikhw jWdw hY ijs ƒ nvIN pIVHI Awpxy v`f-vfyirAW qoN
is`KdI hY Aqy iPr Awpxy qoN AglI pIVHI ƒ isKw ky auhnW dy h`QW iv`c sONp idMdI hY[ luhwr
Aqy qrKwx KyqI dy ik`qy leI sMd Aqy GrylU vrqoN leI vsqUAW bxwauNdw hY[ suinAwr AOrqW
Aqy mrdW dy luVINdy gihxy iqAwr krdy hn[ qylI kohlU nwL keI pRkwr dy bIjW iv`coN qyl
k`Fx dw ik`qw krdw hY, julwhw hr qrHW dy k`pVy iqAwr krdw hY[ ies qrHW hr koeI mnu`KI
loVW pUrIAW krn leI koeI ik`qw krdw hY[ jdoN h`Q nwL kIqy jwx vwLy kMm vD rhIAW
loVW ƒ pUrw krn qoN AsmrQ ho gey qW AwDuink mnu`K ny ivigAwn dIAW nvINAW kwFW ƒ
jnm id`qw Aqy mSInW dw shwrw ilAw Aqy kwrIgrW dI QW mSInW ny lY leI[ Ajoky smyN
iv`c kwrIgr dI in`jI pCwx byS`k guAwc geI hY pr pMjwb dy lok-ik`qy inrMqr ivkws dI
rwh ’qy c`l rhy hn[

pMjwb dy lok-swz
pMjwb dy lok-sMgIq Aqy lok-nwcW iv`c vrqy jWdy bhuq swry rvwieqI swzW ƒ lok-swz ikhw
jWdw hY[ sMgIq-ieiqhws iv`c qwl-swzW dw jnm sB qoN pihlW dw mMinAw jWdw hY[ mnu`K
ny sB qoN pihlW h`Q nwL qwVI (qwLI) vjweI hovygI Aqy aus qoN bwAd qwl ƒ pRdriSq
krn leI swzW dI loV mihsUs kIqI hovgI[ qMqI-swzW dw jnm DnuS qoN mMinAw jWdw hY[
mnu`K ny jdoN DnuS ƒ qwixAw qy iF`lw kIqw qW aus iv`coN ie`k pRkwr dI DunI pYdw hoeI hovygI
jo qMqI swzW dI loV dw sb`b bxI hovygI[
pMjwb iv`c v`K-v`K s`iBAwcwirk gqIivDIAW leI vrqy jWdy kuJ jwxy-pCwxy rvwieqI
swz hyT ilKy hn :-

1. GVw 2. Fol 3. swrMgI 4. rbwb 5. qUMbI

6. icmtw 7. Algozy 8. F`f 9. qwaUs 10. fPlI
11. kwto 12. bugdU 13. ikMg 14. s`p 15. vMJLI
16. ngwrw Awid[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 21

 Gn swz : ieh Dwq dy bxy huMdy hn; ijvyN:- KMjrI, s`p, kwto, ikrlw, KVqwl, gVvw
Awid[

pMjwb dIAW lok-KyfW

1. kb`fI pMjwb dI KyqrI Kyf hY[ 15. lUx-imAwxI

2. iK`do-KUMfI (hwkI) 16. s`kr-iB`jI
3. pIco (StwpU) 17. QwL (kuVIAW dI Kyf)
4. gu`lI-fMfw 18. aUTk-bYTk
5. kotLw-CpwkI 19. ip`TU
6. bWdr-kIlw 20. cOpV (lu`fo)
7. lukx-mItI (dweI-du`kV) 21. gqkw
8. gIty 22. fUMmxw miKAwL
9. Ko-Ko 23. cIco-cIc gnyrIAW (koly nwL kMD
10. A`fI-t`pw/A`fI-CV`pw (sikipMg rop) au~qy lIkW mwr ky KyfI jWdI Kyf)

11. sONcI (kb`fI nwL imLdI-juLdI Kyf) 24. hrw smuMdr (kuVIAW dI Kyf)

12. jMf-KrMf 25. bwrW-twhxI (bwibAW dI Kyf)

13. ibl b`icAW dI mW 26. poSm-pw (kuVIAW dI Kyf)

14. BMfw-BMfwrIAw

pMjwb dy gihxy
AOrqw dy gihxy

v grdn dy gihxy : cMpwklI-rwxIhwr, mtr-mwLw, h`s, kMTI, hmyl, pYNfl, Folxy,

nOrqnw sY`t, buGqIAW, cONkI, hOl-id`lI, zMjIrI, qbIq, ctwlw, lOkt, jugnI, gulUbMd[
v kMnW dy gihxy : kWty, buMdy, lotx, ip`pL-p`qIAW, rylW, son-icVIAW, quMgl, murkI jW
murkIAW, mroVI, mornI, krnPUl, burjIAW Awid[
v pYrW dy gihxy : ptVIAW, pMjyb, gu`sl-p`tI, kuMfLIdwr qoVy, SkuMqlw Awid[
v pYrW dIAW auNgLw dy gihxy : ibCUey (cutkIAW), C`ly, C`lIAW Awid[

22 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

v h`Q qy gu`t dy gihxy : AwrsI, gjry, isMGwVy, l`Cy, prIbMd, pONcIAW, mOLI/ KMmHxI
(Dwgw-lwl Aqy pILw) Awid[
v n`k dy gihxy : lONg (kokw), n`Q, ryK, myK, mClI, nukrw, qIlI Awid[
v isr dy gihxy : isr-coNk, s`gI-Pu`l, biGAwVI, iSMgwrp`tI, JuMmr-sUeI, JUmr Awid[
v m`Qy dy gihxy : ibMdI, bwrv`tw, it`kw Awid[

mrdW dy gihxy

v grdn dy gihxy : kYNTw

v kMnW dy gihxy : n`qIAW, muMdrW, vwLw (ies ƒ jogI pwauNdy hn), dur,
bIr blI, murkI
v h`Q jW gu`t dw gihxw : kVw (muMfw/kuVI), pONcIAW (r`KVI)
v m`Qy dw gihxw : klZI (Sarpesh) (p`g dw gihxw vI hY)[
v isr dy gihxy : mukt, ishrw[

Coty b`icAW dy gihxy

v poty : auNgLW dy iv`c Dwgw

v sgly : kmr Aqy pYrIN pwaux vwLy gihxy
v kM|x
v Coty qoVy (kYNTw)
v qVwgI (kmr dw gihxw)

pMjwb dy lok-nwc

1. mrdW dy nwc : BMgVw, Dmwl, ijMdUAw, jugnI, lu`fI (mrdW Aqy AOrqW dohW leI),
mlveI ig`Dw (mrdW dw ig`Dw), JUmr-sWdlbwr ielwky dw pwiksqwn dw mShUr nwc
hY[
2. AOrqW dy nwc : ig`Dw, sMmI (sWdlbwr ielwky dw pwiksqwn dw mShUr nwc hY),
ik`klI, jwgo[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 23

 AiBAws
1. pYrW dw gihxw hY:
(a) pMjyb (A) n`Q (e) s`gI Pu`l (s) it`kw

2. surmw-slweI rsm hY:

(a) jnm dI (A) mOq dI (e) ivAwh dI (s) jxypy dI

3. ‘lok-Dwrw’ ik`QoN pRwpq huMdI hYY:

(a) mwipAW qoN (A) ivrsy qoN
(e) AwLy-duAwLy ivcoN (s) guAWFIAW qoN

4. pMjwb dIAW bhuqIAW lok-klwvW dw isrjk kOx hYY:

(a) iesqrIAW (A) mrd (e) b`cy (s) jogI

5. hyT ilKIAW KyfW iv`coN ikhVI lok-Kyf nhIN hYY:

(a) kb`fI (A) ip`TU (e) hwkI (s) bWdr-kIlw

24 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 pMjwbI lok-swihq
pMjwbI lok-gIq pMjwbI s`iBAwcwr dw Atu`t AMg hn jo pMjwbIAW v`loN ^uSI-ZmI dy mOky ’qy
gwey jWdy hn[ sDwrn SbdW iv`c lok-gIq qoN Bwv hY, lokW duAwrw rcy gIq[ ies dI rcnw
bwry lyKk dw nW juiVAw hoieAw nhIN huMdw[ ies dy keI rUp hn; ijvyN :- bolI, GoVIAW,
suhwg, is`TxIAW, CMd, lorI, QwL, Dmwl, AlwhuxIAW, kIrny Awid[

hirAw
hirAw dy lok-gIq b`cy dy jnm dI ^uSI iv`c gwey jWdy hn[(hirAw dy SbdIArQ hn:
mOlxw,ivgsxw jW vDxw-Pu`lxw Bwv mW dI ku`K hrI hoxw) bwl-muMfy dy jnm smyN hirAw lok
gIq gwieAw jWdw sI[ hOLI-hOLI keI QWeIN nvyN jnmy b`cy ƒ hirAw ikhw jwx l`g ipAw
qy Aijhw kihx iv`c mwx vI mihsUs kIqw jWdw sI qy ^uSI vI[
hirAw nI mwey, hirAw nI BYxy, hirAw qy BwgIN BirAw[
ij`q idhwVy myrw hirAw nI jMimAw, soeIE idhwVw BwgIN BirAw[

GoVIAW
muMfy dy Gr gwey jwx vwLy gIqW ƒ GoVIAW AwKdy hn[ ies kwiv-rUp iv`c ivAwh vwLy muMfy
dI ^UbsUrqI, muMfy dy pirvwr dI smwijk, AwriQk ^uShwlI dw izkr huMdw hY[ aus dy cMgy
nsIbW dI g`l huMdI hY[
in`kI-in`kI bUMdI in`ikAw mINh vy vrHy,
mW vy suhwgx qyry Sgn kry[

suhwg
kuVI dy pyky Gr gwey jwx vwLy gIqW ƒ suhwg AwiKAw jWdw hY[ ieh ie`k smUihk gwx hY[
suhwg iv`c swry gIq ivAwhI jwx vwLI kuVI sMbMDI huMdy hn[ ies iv`c ivAwhI jwx vwLI
kuVI, aus dIAW s`DrW, vr-Gr dI locw, pyky Gr dy irSiqAW dI ^uShwlI, kuVI dI is&q
Aqy irSqydwrIAW dw izkr huMdw hY[
bwbl, ijauN qwirAW iv`coN cMn
cMnW iv`coN kwnH-knH`eIAw vr loVIey[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 25

 ik`klI
ieh bwl-AvsQw iv`c gwieAw jwx vwLw lok-kwiv rUp hY[ ^uSI iv`c n`cdIAW-gwauNdIAW
CotIAW-CotIAW kuVIAW jdoN Awps iv`c h`QW dI kirMgVI pw ky goLc`kr iv`c GuMmdIAW hn
qW Awpmuhwry bol auhnW dy mUMh iv`coN inkL AwauNdy hn[
ik`klI klIr dI
p`g myry vIr dI
dup`tw BrjweI dw
iP`ty-mUMh jvweI dw

QwL
bwlpx dIAW KyfW nwL sMbMiDq bwl-gIq QwL vI lok-kwiv dw AMg irhw hY[ ies iv`c srl
iksm dy kwiv-toty joV ky mnorMjn kIqw jWdw hY[ ies kwiv-rUp iv`c Aw^rI lweIn qoN nvIN
lweIn SurU kIqI jWdI hY[ ies dy ArMB jW AMq iv`c ‘QwL’ Sbd dw iesqymwl huMdw hY[
KUh iv`c pwxI, mW myrI rwxI[
ipE myrw rwjw, hyT GoV qwzw[
cWdI dIAW pOVIAW, sony dw drvwzw[
Awl-mwl lY nI kuVIey pihlw QwL[

lorI
lorI ƒ mnu`K dw pihlw lok-gIq ikhw jWdw hY[ lorI mmqw-iB`jy bol huMdy hn[ mW b`cy ƒ
mDur sur iv`c jo gIq suxwauNdI hY, auh lorI hY[ lorI hlkw-Pulkw mDur sMgIq huMdw hY[ Coty
b`icAW ƒ vrwaux leI jW auhnW ƒ suAWaux leI mWvW, BYxW, qweIAW, cwcIAW mwsIAW god
iv`c ibTw ky ihlwauNdIAW hoeIAW nwLo-nwL lorIAW idMdIAW hn[ iehnW lorIAW iv`c auhnW
dIAW s`DrW qy rIJW aulIkIAW huMdIAW hn[
dyvW lorIAW,
mWvW pu`qr jy ipAwry[
dyvW lorIAW[

26 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 Foly
ieh p`CmI pMjwb dw bhuq hrmn-ipAwrw lok-gIq hY[ pMjwb dy iksy myly iv`c ij`Qy kb`fI
Kyfx vwLy, JUmr pwaux vwLy Awpxy ipV bMnHdy hn, au~Qy Foly gwaux vwiLAW dIAW tolIAW
vI zrUr huMdIAW hn[ Folw gwaux vyLy gwiek Awpxw s`jw h`Q kMn ’qy r`K ky gwauNdw hY[
bwr dy ielwky iv`c aUT ’qy svwr lok keI-keI mIl q`k Foly gwauNdy jWdy hn[ Folw pUrn
mOj-msqI dw gIq hY[
kMnW ƒ sohxy buMdy, isr qy C`qy sY mxW dy[
au~Qy dyvIN bwblw, ij`Qy twlH vxW dy[

mwhIAw
mwhIey nwL bwlo nwauN juiVAw vyKdy Awey hW[ ieh AOrqW dw gIq hY jo Awpxy mwhI dy ivCoVy
iv`c aucwirAw jWdw hY[ gIqW dI ieh pRSnoqrI huMdI hY, ArQwq ie`k vwr mwhIAw boldw
hY qy dUjI vwr bwlo[ ies iv`c mrd iesqrI ƒ ‘bwlo’ kih ky sMboDn krdw hY qy iesqrI
mrd ƒ ‘mwhIAw’ nW nwL sMboDn krdI hY[ mwhIAw, t`py, ijMdUAw Aqy jugnI qy C`lw Awps
iv`c imLdy-juLdy kwiv-rUp hn[
f`bI BrI hoeI lu`k dI ey,
sohxy mwhI bwJoN,
rwq ZmW iv`c mu`kdI ey[

t`py
t`pw auh iekihrI quk vwLw lok-gIq hY ijs ƒ FolkI nwL sur krky ig`Dy iv`c gwieAw jw
skdw hY[ ies ƒ t`pw ies leI ikhw jWdw hY ikauNik ies dy gwaux nwL n`icAw jW t`ipAw
jw skdw hY[ t`py, gIqnumw totky huMdy hn[
jdoN mYN muklwvy qur geI,
gLIAW dy k`K roxgy[

p`qL
jM\ bMnHx dw irvwj mlveI pMjwbI smwj iv`c Awm irhw hY[ p`qL ie`k qrHW dw kwiv-
mukwblw huMdw sI[ DI vwLI iDr dI koeI cqr AOrq jM\ bMnH idMdI sI, Pyr koeI vI ivAkqI
jM\ Cufwaux qoN ibnW rotI nhIN sI Kw skdw[ jM\ nw Cufw skxI bhuq v`fI nmoSI huMdI sI[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 27

 CMd prwgw
CMd prwgw lwVy dI bu`DI dI prIiKAw leI pRXog hox vwLw kwiv-rUp hY[ aus dI ilAwkq
qy cqrweI iesy qoN prKI jWdI hY[ ies dIAW do qukW huMdIAW hn[
CMd prwgy AweIey jweIey, CMd prwgy PLI[
shurw Pu`l gulwb dw, s`s cMby dI klI[

hyArw
hyArw inrol mlveI kwiv-rUp hY[ hyArw ivAwh nwL sMbMiDq v`K-v`K mOikAW ’qy AOrqW
v`loN aucwirAw jwx vwLw gIq-rUp hY ijs ƒ dohw vI ikhw jWdw[ ijnHW hyAirAW iv`c BYx
v`loN vIr ƒ jW BYx ƒ sMboDn huMdw hY, auhnW hyAirAW iv`c AMqW dw moh-ipAwr nzr AwauNdw
hY[ ijnHW hyAirAW iv`c koeI AOrq iksy dUjI AOrq ƒ sMboiDq hovy ijs nwL aus dw ^Un dw
irSqw nw hovy qW auhnW hyAirAW iv`c ikqy ipAwr, ikqy siqkwr Aqy ikqy pRsMsw Bry Bwv
nzr AwauNdy hn[ hyArw ivAwh dy mOky ƒ hor ^uSI BrpUr bxwauNdw hY[

is`TxIAW
gwLI-gLoc qy mKOl dy gIqW ƒ is`TxIAW AwKdy hn[ is`T dw ArQ mSkrI jW mKOl huMdw
hY[ ijhVw kwiv dUjI iDr ƒ iT`T krn leI pRXog huMdw hY, aus ƒ is`TxI ikhw jWdw hY[ ies
iv`c qwhny-imhxy qy BMfI Awid mu`K rUp iv`c pRXog huMdy hn[ is`TxIAW, nwnkIAW, dwdkIAW
iv`c vI c`ldIAw hn qy jM\ iv`c Awey lokW jW juvweI-BweI leI vI pRXog huMdIAW hn[
swfy qW ivhVy mu`F mkeI dw
dwxy qW mMgdw au~DL geI dw[

AlwhuxIAW
AlwhuxIAW mry hoey ivAkqIAW dy sog qy ausqq iv`c gwey jwx vwLy lok-gIqW dI vMngI
hY[ ieh iesqrIAW dw smUihk rUp iv`c gwieAw jwx vwLw lok-gIq hY, ieh mry ivAkqI
dy isAwpy vyLy vYx jW kIrny dy rUp iv`c, ivrlwp iv`c gwey jWdy hn[ iehnW dy gwien nwL
sdIvI ivCoVw dy gey ivAkqI dy du`K iv`c roxw-Doxw vI Swml huMdw hY; ijvyN:
hwey-hwey, DI iksy dI nw mry[
hwey, ieh jMmdI nw mry[
hwey, ieh v`sdI nw mry[

28 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 kIrny
AlwhuxI dI qrHW kIrnw vI mOq nwL sMbMiDq Sok-gIq hY[ AlwhuxI iv`CV cu`ky dy kwr-ivhwr
dI ausqq krdw kwiv-rUp hY qy kIrny iksy dy iv`CV jwx ’qy iSkwieq dy lihjy iv`c gwey
jWdy hn[ AlwhuxI smUihk gwn hY qy kIrnw ivAkqIgq rcnw huMdI hY[

s`d
s`d vI mOq nwL sMbMiDq kwiv-rUp hY[ s`d dw ArQ hY: s`dxw, bulwauxw, pukwrnw jW hwkW
mwrnw[ iv`CVy ipAwry ƒ au~cI Avwz nwL iksy ƒ pukwrnw ‘s`d’ hY[ s`d hUk BirAw qy gwey
jwx vwLw gIq hY[ ies dI SYlI lok-sMgIq vwLI huMdI hY[ gurU gRMQ swihb iv`c mlHwr rwg
dy AMqrgq ‘s`d’ kwiv-rUp dw nmUnw imLdw hY[ s`d kwiv-rUp dI ie`k vMngI:
au~cVw burj lwhOr dw, vy cIry vwiLAw[
hyT vgy dirAw vy s`jx myirAw[

bolI
bolI vI lok-kwiv dw lok-ipRA rUp hY[ bhuq swry ivdvwn bolI ƒ vI lok-gIq dy AMqrgq
ivcwr lYNdy hn[ pr bolI Aqy gIq dw buinAwdI AMqr ieh hY ik gIq gwieAw jWdw hY qy
bolI pweI jWdI hY[ BwvyN nvyN klwkwr bolI ƒ vI gwiekI dw ih`sw bxw rhy hn pr nwc Aqy
nwc dy qwl qoN ibnW bolI dw mh`qv nhIN hY[ bolI iqMn iksmW iv`c pRwpq huMdI hY : lMmI
bolI, in`kI bolI, do-qukI bolI[
myrI s`s bVI kup`qI
pYrIN pwaux nw dyvy ju`qI
mYN vI ju`qI pwauxI Aw
muMifAw rwjI rih jW
gu`sy qyrI mW KVkwauxI Aw

AwrqI
ieh Dwrimk aupwSnw nwL juiVAw gIq hY[ ieh eISvr jW ieSt dI ArwDnw leI svyry
jW Swm kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh QwLI iv`c joqW lw ky, KVqwlW-GMtIAW vjw ky, gwieAw jwx
vwLw kwiv-rUp hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 29

 BytW
durgw mW SyrWvwLI dI ausqq leI gwieAw jwx vwLw kwiv-rUp hY[ ies iv`c SyrWvwLI dI
mihmw qy Apwr SkqI Aqy mmqw dw izkr huMdw hY[

mMglwcrn
iksy vI kwrj ivSySkr purwqn smyN kvISr/kvI lok AwpxI rcnw dy SurU iv`c rcnw dI
sPlqw leI jo ieSt/eISvr dI ArwDnw krdy sn, auh mMglwcrn huMdw sI[ vwirs dI hIr
iv`c vI ies dw nmUnw imLdw hY[ ArbI-&wrsI iv`c iesy ƒ ‘hmd’ AwKdy hn[
lok-vwr : vwr bIr-rsI rMgq vwLw Aijhw kwiv-rUp hY ijs iv`c lVweI/Xu`D dw vrnx
huMdw hY[ doNhW iDrW dy bhwdrW dI sUrmgqI dw js-gwien kIqw jWdw hY[ ieh pauVIAW iv`c
rcI jWdI hY[ ies iv`c isrKMfI/inSwnI CMd pRXog huMdw hY[ gurU nwnk dyv jI qoN pihlW tuMfy
Asrwjy dI vwr, hsny mihmy dI vwr, mUsy dI vwr, iesy iksm dy nmUny hn[ iehnW vwrW
iv`c lok-rMg dI pySkwrI hI iehnW dI ^UbsUrqI hY[ gurU goibMd isMG jI ny ‘cMfI dI vwr’
dI rcnw kIqI[

AiBAws
1. ivAwh vyLy muMfy dy Gr gwey jwx vwLy lok-gIqW ƒ kI ikhw jWdw hY?
(a) GoVIAW (A) suhwg (e) mwhIAw (s) t`pw

2. iekihrI quk vwLw lok-gIq ikhVw hY?

(a) suhwg (A) t`pw (e) mwhIAw (s) Foly

3. hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw kwiv-rUp mOq nwL sMbMiDq nhIN hY?
(a) s`d (A) kIrny (e) is`TxIAW (s) AlwhuxIAW

4. bwlpx dIAW KyfW nwL sMbMiDq lok-kwiv ikhVw hY?

(a) t`py (A) QwL (e) s`d (s) CMd prwgw

5. ‘cMfI dI vwr’ dI rcnw iks ny kIqI?

(a) sRI gurU nwnk dyv jI (A) sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI
(e) sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI (s) Swh muhMmd

30 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 buJwrqW
buJwrqW qoN Bwv hY : bu`Jx vwLIAW g`lW[ buJwrq koeI BwSweI guMJL jW AVwauxI huMdI hY jo
pu`Cx vwLw swmHxy vwLy dy A`gy svwl vjoN r`Kdw hY[ buJwrqW iv`c ie`k CotI ijhI GuMFI r`K ky,
imLdI-juLdI cIz dw vyrvw dy ky svwl pu`iCAw jWdw hY, ies leI iehnW ƒ bu`Jx vwLIAW
bwqW vI ikhw jWdw hY[
buJwrqW dw jvwb mnu`K ƒ pqw qW huMdw hY pr aus dI idmwZI ksrq/sUJ prK leI buJwrq
ƒ BwSweI guMJL dy rUp iv`c pyS kIqw jWdw hY[ buJwrqW ie`k qrHW dIAW CotIAW pRSink
kivqwvW hI huMdIAW hn ijnHW iv`c qukWq-myL huMdw hY[ pRwcIn kwl qoN hI mnu`K AwpxI idmwZI
ksrq leI iksy nw iksy rUp iv`c buJwrqW pwauNdw Aw irhw hY[ iehnW dw rUpk p`K kivqw
vrgw hox dy nwL-nwL iehnW dw smwijk, mwnisk Aqy ivhwirk mh`qv hox krky ieh
lok-swihq dw Atu`t AMg bx geIAW hn[ SurU iv`c ieh mOiKk swihq vWg pIVHI dr pIVHI
sMcwirq huMdIAW rihMdIAW sn[ purwxy simAW iv`c mnu`K koL A`j vWg mnorMjn dy swDn
nhIN sn ijs kwrn lok Awm qOr ’qy rwq dw rotI-tu`k Kw ky sONx qoN pihlW bwqW pwaux leI
mMijAW ’qy juV bYTdy sn Aqy pirvwirk sWJ, irSqy-nwqy, smwijk AwLw-duAwLw, kMm-
kwr, bnspqI, bRihmMf Awid iviSAW ’coN kwiv-rUp iv`c buJwrqW rUpI svwl pu`Cdy sn[ b`cy
buJwrqW bu`Jx iv`c bVI idlcspI nwL ih`sw lYNdy sn ikauNik ieh soc Aqy klpnw-SkqI
dw ivkws krdIAW hn[ b`icAW dI sUJ, prK Aqy bOiDk ivkws leI buJwrqW bhuq lwhyvMd
sn[ iehnW nwL b`icAW Aqy v`ifAW iv`c dUijAW dI g`l ƒ iDAwn nwL sux ky qrk krn
dI rucI ivkisq huMdI sI[ ivigAwn dIAW kwFW ny mnorMjn dy AnykW swDn ivkisq kIqy hn
ijs krky buJwrqW pwaux, suxn Aqy bu`Jx dw irvwj ^qm ho irhw hY[
AwE, v`K-v`K iviSAW ’qy kuJ buJwrqW Aqy auhnW dy jvwb pVHIey:
v lohy dIAW pOVIAW, k`c dw cubwrw
iv`c n`cy vxjwrw (lwltYx)
v nIlI twkI cOL b`Dy
idny guAwcy rwqIN l`By (AkwS ’c qwry)
v in`ky-in`ky tytUey sMdUk cu`kI jWdy ny
rwjw pu`Cy rwxI ƒ ieh kI jnOr jWdy ny (rylg`fI dy f`by)
v in`kI ijhI kuVI, lY prWdw qurI (sUeI-Dwgw)

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 31

 v AsmwnoN ifgw b`krw, mUMh ’coN in`kLI lwL
iF`f pwV ky dyiKAw qy iv`coN in`kLy vwL (AMb)
v AMbrsr klk`qy,
nw auhdI jVH, nw auhdy p`qy (Amr vyl)
v bwhroN Awey cwr mlMg
swvIAW topIAW, kwLy rMg (bqwaUN)
v vwh vy r`bw qyry kMm
bwhr h`fIAW AMdr cMm (k`CUkuMmw)
v in`kI ijhI kOlI
AMbwLy jw ky bolI (tYlIPUn, mobweIl &on)
v mYN ilAWdw bok
n`pI pUC mwry mok (nLkw)
v rVy mYdwn iv`c lhU dw qubkw (cIc-vhutI)
v in`kI ijhI kuVI, auhdy iF`f ’c lkIr (kxk dw dwxw)
v bwq pwvW bqolI pwvW, bwq ƒ lwvW prWdw
ie`k bMdw mYN AYsw if`Tw, iPt-iPt krdw jWdw (skUtr, motr- sweIkl)
v Ahu geI, Ahu geI (ingHw)
v soLW DIAW, cwr jvweI (auNgLW qy AMgUTy)
v AwLw BirAw kOfIAW dw iv`c qoqk n`cy (dMd qy jIB )
v do ispwhI lVdy jwx
mUhry p`qy JVdy jwx (toky vwLI mSIn)
v kwT dI sMdUkVI qy iv`coN ‘vwjW Awaux (ryfIE)
v qLI au~qy kbUqr n`cy (Awty dw pyVw)
v in`kw ijhw kwkw, Gr dw rwKw (ijMdrw)
v QVHy ’qy QVHw, au~qy lwl kbUqr KVHw (dIvw)

32 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 v do c`kr ivckwr iqkox
B`jy jIkx vgdI pOx (sweIkl)
v ie`ko-ijhy do BweI jOVy ie`k-dUjy ibn rihMdy nw
hr QW jwx iek`Ty pr ie`k-dUjy dI QW lYNdy nw (joVy, c`plW, bUt)

AiBAws
buJwrq pUrI kro:

1. vwh vy r`bw qyry kMm

bwhr……… AMdr cMm
(a) nwVW (A) h`fIAW (e) lhU (s) nbzW

2. do ispwhI…………… jwx, mUhry p`qy JVdy jwx

(a) pVHdy (A) KVHdy (e) lVdy (s) sVdy[

myly Aqy iqauhwr

pMjwb dy pRis`D myly

jy pMjwb dI DrqI ƒ irSIAW-munIAW dI DrqI hox dw mwx pRwpq hY qW ies dI sMsikRqI
ƒ h`sdI-n`cdI, gwauNdI qy jUJdI sMsikRqI (s`iBAwcwr) hox dw vI mwx pRwpq hY[ pMjwb dy
lok mihmwnnvwz hn, mOj-mylw krn dy SukIn hn qy Kwx-pIx Ku`lw-fu`lHw r`Kdy hn[ ieh
swry gux-l`Cx iksy nw iksy rUp iv`c pMjwb dy myilAW dI hI dyx mMny jWdy hn[ lok-myly
lok-Dwrw dw Awpmuhwrw pRvwh huMdy hn[ pMjwb dy mu`K myly hyT ilKy Anuswr hn :

mwGI dw mylw
mwGI, mwG dy mhIny dI sMgrWd dw Su`B idhwVw hY[ dysI mhIny dI pihlI qrIk leI vriqAw
jwx vwLw Sbd sMgrWd Asl iv`c sMsikRq BwSw dy Sbd sMkRWqI dw pMjwbI rUp hY[ ies
dw ArQ hY sUrj dw ie`k rwSI qoN dUjI rwSI iv`c dw^l hoxw[ pMjwb dy mukqsr ivKy mwGI
dw mylw l`gdw hY[ lok piv`qr srovr iv`c ieSnwn krdy hn[ mwG dy mhIny qoN pihlW poh
dw mhInw huMdw hY[ poh dw mhInw lok-cyqnw AMdr nihS (bhuq burw) mMinAw igAw hY[ hr

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 33

 pwsy dil`dr, susqI, gMdgI Aqy AvysLypx dw bol-bwlw huMdw hY[ iesy leI poh dy AKIr
iv`c Aqy mwG cVHn qoN pihlI rwq pUrv sMiDAw smyN lohVI dw iqauhwr mnwieAw jWdw hY[
lohVI A`g nwL sMbMiDq iqauhwr hY[ A`g nw kyvl mnu`K ƒ grmI hI pRdwn krdI hY, sgoN
mnu`K-isrijq hr cIz ƒ piv`qr Aqy au~jl bxw idMdI hY[ pMjwbI lok-Dwrw AMdr ATwhT
qIrQW (ihMdUAW dy piv`qr 68 qIrQ) au~qy ieSnwn krn dw idRVH inScw irhw hY[ jdoN 1705
eI: iv`c srihMd dw sUbw vzIr ^W sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI dw ip`Cw krdw mwlvy Kyqr iv`c
pu`ijAw qW mwlvy dy is`KW ny iKdrwxy dI Fwb (Ajokw mukqsr) au~qy aus dw mukwblw kIqw[
ies Xu`D iv`c gurU goibMd isMG jI ƒ bydwvw ilK cu`ky cwLI isMG vI ShId ho gey[ gurU goibMd
isMG jI ny ies sQwn ’qy phuMcy BweI mhW isMG dy kihx ’qy bydwvw pwV id`qw, tu`tI gMFI
geI[ ShId is`KW dI dyh dw sskwr kIqw igAw qy ies sQwn dw nW mukqsr r`K id`qw
igAw[ iehnW ShIdW dI Xwd iv`c hI mwGI dw mylw l`gdw hY[ ie`Qy hI ShIdgMj, it`bI
swihb Aqy qMbU swihb gurduAwry hn[

jrg dw mylw
pMjwb dy lok-myilAW iv`c jrg dw mylw cotI dw mylw mMinAw jWdw hY ijhVw pMjwbI lok-
mwniskqw iv`c Swml ho cu`ikAw hY[ jrg dw mylw sIqlw mwqw dI pUjw nwL sMbMD r`Kdw hY
qy cyqr mhIny dy pihly mMgLvwr ƒ jrg (izlHw luiDAwxw) ivKy l`gdw hY[ izlHw luiDAwxw
dI pwiel qihsIl dw ipMf jrg ies lok-myly kwrn pRis`D ho igAw hY[ jrg dy ie`k v`fy
toBy duAwLy ieh mylw l`gdw hY[ au~Qy toBy iv`coN im`tI k`FI jWdI hY qy sIqlw mwqw dw Qwn
pUijAw jWdw hY[ sIqlw mwqw dI pUjw im`Ty gulguly qy im`TIAW rotIAW nwL kIqI jWdI hY[
pUVy qy gulguly rwq ƒ pkw ky cyq dy pLyTy mMgLvwr ƒ svyry hI mwqw rwxI dI pUjw kIqI
jWdI hY[ byhy Bojn nwL pUjw krn sdkw hI ies ƒ bwsVIey nW id`qw igAw hY ijs dw
ArQ hY byhwpx[ ieh pUjw sIqlw mwqw Aqy aus dy vwhn Koqy dI pUjw nwL sMbMD r`KdI hY[
GuimAwr Awpxy KoiqAW ƒ ies idn pUrw iSMgwr ky ilAwauNdy hn[ KoiqAW au~pr GoigAW,
kOfIAW qy moqIAW-jVy Ju`l pwey huMdy hn[ KoiqAW A`gy jON, ipMny, moT qy bwjry dIAW b`kLIAW
pweIAW jWdIAW hn[ gDy dw ihxkxw Su`B sgn mMinAw jWdw hY[ CotI jwqI dy lokW iv`c
pUjw auprMq Bojn vMifAw jWdw hY[ jrg dy myly dI pRis`Dqw iehnW lok-gIqW dIAW tUkW qoN
jwxI jw skdI hY[
ijhw dyiKAw jrg dw mylw, ijhI qyrI gu`q dyK leI[
c`l c`lIey jrg dy myly, muMfw qyrw mYN c`k laUN[

34 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 Cpwr dw mylw
ieh mylw BwdoN dI cwnxI cOds (cOdW qwrI^) ƒ luiDAwxy izlHy dy ipMf Cpwr ivKy l`gdw hY[
Cpwr ipMf dI d`KxI gu`T (konw) ivKy siQq gu`gw mwVI dy sQwn ’qy ieh mylw hr swl Brdw
hY[ ikhw jWdw hY ik gu`gy dy BgqW ny rwjsQwn dI iksy mwVI qoN im`tI ilAw ky 1890 ibkrmI
iv`c ies mwVI dI sQwpnw kIqI sI[ pMjwb iv`c l`gx vwLy bhuigxqI myly srp-pUjw nwL
sMbMD r`Kdy hn[ Cpwr dy myly au~qy gu`gy dy Bgq pihlW su`cy mUMh s`q vwr im`tI k`Fdy hn[
im`tI k`Fxw Dwrimk krm-kWf hY[ gu`gw-Bgq gu`gw zwhr pIr dI pRsMnqw leI gu`gy dI im`tI
k`Fdy hn[ iksy mhwn iBkSU dy kwlvws ho jwx ’qy aus dy sMskwr vwLI QW duAwLy im`tI
k`F ky ie`k au~cw it`lw ijhw KVHw kr ilAw jWdw sI[ au~Qy hr swl mylw juVdw hY Aqy lok
im`stI k`Fdy hn[ Cpwr dw mylw gu`gw pUjw nwL sMbMiDq krm-kWf dI pwlxw krdw hY[
s`pW dy k`ty rogI Cpwr Aw ky mwVI dI im`tI ƒ j^mW au~qy lgwauNdy hn[ gu`gy dI cONkI Brdy
hn[ ie`QoN q`k ik psUAW qoN vI cONkI BrvweI jWdI hY[ lok-inScy Anuswr Aijhw krn nwL
s`pW dy lVn dw BYA nhIN rihMdw[ jy iksy ƒ pihlW kIVw CUh igAw hovy qW gu`gy dI imhr
nwL auh nON-br-nON ho jWdw hY[ gu`gw nONvIN vwLy idn auh gu`gy dy JMfy ƒ ijhVw rMg-brMgIAW
twkIAW, mor-pMKW, nwrIAlW qy kOfW nwL iSMgwirAw huMdw hY, ipMf iv`c Pyr ky augrwhI krdy
hn qy cOds vwLy idn iehnW JMifAW smyq Cpwr dy myly ’qy phuMc jWdy hn[ myly iv`c auh
ieh JMfy AjIb iksm dw idRS pYdw krdy hoey ausqq krdy hn:
gu`gy rwjy dy drbwr, ij`Qy Dry ngwry cwr
cONhIN kUMtIN qyrw rwj, prjw v`sy suKwLI ho[
ikhw jWdw hY ik mrdW dw mlveI ig`Dw Cpwr dy myly dI dyx hY[ ies smyN ncwr, qmwSy
vwLy, gv`eIey, kvISrI vwLy, FwfI, bwzIgr, kb`fI qy kuSqI dy iKfwrI Awpxy krqb
ivKwauNdy hn[

ivswKI dw mylw
ivswKI ivswK mhIny dI pihlI qwrI^ ƒ mnweI jWdI hY[ ies idn dw ivSyS mh`qv ies
leI huMdw hY ik ieh idn ^wlsw pMQ dw jnm-idhwVw hY[ ies dw mh`qv ieh vI hY ik
ivswKI q`k j`t dI kxk p`k ky iqAwr ho jWdI hY[ swry swl dI kIqI kmweI dw PL auhdy
swmHxy huMdw hY’’ ivswKI ƒ myK vI AwKdy hn[ lok Aksr AwKdy hn ‘‘AweI myK, j`tw
k`cI p`kI nw dyK[ ies idn pMjwbIAW dw jlO qy BKdw auqSwh vyKx vwLw huMdw hY[ ivswKI
ikrswx dy jIvn iv`c ivSyS mh`qv r`KdI hY[ ies ru`qy hwVHI dI &sl p`k cu`kI huMdI hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 35

 ikrswx vwFI kr ky vrHy dI krVI Gwlxw dw PL pRwpq kr rhy huMdy hn[ ies leI ipMf-
ipMf iv`c myly juVdy qy auhnW iv`c pMjwbI Awpxy m`c-m`c pYNdy jzibAW ƒ BMgiVAW dI Dmk
qy bolIAW dI lYA iv`c pRgt krdy hn[ ies iqauhwr dw ieiqhwisk mh`qv ies p`K qoN
vI mMinAw jWdw hY ik ies idn dsmyS ipqw sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI ny AnMdpur swihb dI
piv`qr DrqI au~qy pMj ipAwry swj ky ^wlsw pMQ dI nINh r`KI sI Aqy do kRWqIkwrI kwrj
kr idKwey sn[ pihlw, ^wlsw pMQ swijAw Aqy ikhw sI ik “svw lwK sy eyk lVwauN,
qbY goibMd isMG nwm khwauN ; dUjw, pMj ipAwirAW ƒ AMimRq Ckwaux mgroN ^ud auhnW koloN
AMimRq Ck ky sMgqW ƒ v`fw ruqbw pRdwn kIqw sI[ iesy leI piv`qr vwk— vwhu vwhu gurU
goibMd isMG Awpy gur cylw’’, dI rcnw hoeI[

pMjwb dy pRmu`K iqauhwr

idvwLI
dysI mhIny k`qk dI m`isAw ƒ idvwLI dw iqauhwr mnwieAw jWdw hY[ ies idn dSrQ-pu`qr
SRI rwm cMdr jI lMkw dy rwjy rwvx dw nws kr ky mwqw sIqw Aqy lCmx smyq AXu`iDAw
pu`jy sn[ lokW ny auhnW dy suAwgq leI dIp-mwLw kIqI sI[ ieh pRQw A`j q`k c`lI Aw
rhI hY[ iesy idn CyvyN gurU sRI gurU hirgoibMd jI ny gvwlIAr dy iklHy iv`coN bMdI 52 rwijAW
ƒ mukq krwieAw sI[ iesy kwrn is`K-jgq idvwLI ƒ bMdI-CoV idvs dy rUp iv`c mnwauNdw
hY[ lok-ivSvws hY ik ijhVw Gr vDyry sw&-suQrw hovygw, aus Gr idvwLI dI rwq l`CmI
(Dn dI dyvI) pYr pwvygI[ l`CmI dI Awmd leI hr ie`k Gr p`bW Bwr ho ky kwrj krdw hY[
Gr dy bnyirAW au~qy Aqy hr hnyry kony au~qy dIvy bwLy jWdy hn[ imiTAweI, m`TIAW, iK`lW,
KMf dy iKfoxy Awid jIA Br ky KwDy jWdy hn[ sB qoN ^UbsUrq FMg dI idvwLI AMimRqsr,
hirmMdr swihb ivKy mnweI jWdI hY[ rMg-brMgI AwqSbwjI dw Aks jdoN AMimRq-srovr dy
pwxI iv`c pYNdw hY qW bhuq hI AdBuq AlOikk idRS dyKx ƒ imLdw hY[ iesy leI ikhw jWdw
hY ik – ‘‘dwL-rotI Gr dI, idvwLI AMimRqsr dI’’[ jy idvwLI dy sMbMD iv`c hI dyKIey qW
dIp-mwLw qy AwqSbwjI qW rwm cMdr jI dy suAwgq nwL juVy p`K ho skdy hn pr s&weI
idvwLI ƒ hI ikauN? so, puriKAW ny bhuq hI isAwxp nwL SRomxI iqauhwr dw suAwgq vI
kr id`qw qy nwL hI BOiqk jIvn dIAW loVW dI pUrqI vI kr id`qI[
dsihrw
dsihry ƒ ivjy-lkSmI dw nW vI id`qw jWdw hY Aqy A`sU dy cwnxy p`K dI dsvIN ƒ pUry pMjwb
iv`c SrDw Bwvnw nwL mnwieAw jWdw hY[ qRyqw Xu`g iv`c mrXwdw pRrSoqm sRI rwm cMdr jI
ny lMkw dy rwjy rwvx au~qy ij`q pRwpq kIqI sI[ aus idn qoN ieh iqauhwr bdI au~qy nykI dI

36 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

ij`q dy pRqIk vjoN mnwieAw jWdw hY[ dsihry qoN pihlW nON nrwqy AwauNdy hn[ iehnW idnW
iv`c hI sWJI dyvI dI pUjw kIqI jWdI rhI hY[ sWJI Asl iv`c durgw dw hI ie`k rUp hY
ijs ƒ Awid-SkqI vjoN pUijAw jWdw hY[ iehnW hI idnW iv`c jON dI KyqI GrW iv`c bIjI
jWdI hY[ dsihry vwLy idn gMny, C`lIAW Awid dI pUjw huMdI hY[ dyvW dy muKI sRI rGunwQ jI
dI l`kVI dy r`Q au~qy svwrI k`FI jWdI hY[ ies r`Q ƒ rMg-brMgy Pu`lW nwL sjwieAw jWdw
hY[ Ku`lHy mYdwn iv`c iek`qr ho ky lokIN rGunwQ jI dy drSn krdy hn qy vrdwn dI kwmnw
krdy hn[ au~qrI Bwrq dIAW dysI irAwsqW dy rwjy ies iqauhwr ƒ hor vI vDyry Swno-
SOkq nwL mnwauNdy rhy hn[ rwjy-mhwrwjy dsihrw-mYdwn iv`c pUrI sj-Dj nwL jlUs dI
Skl iv`c phuMcdy sn[ vrqmwn smyN dI qyz r&qwr qy qknIk dy ies Xu`g dy ArMB hox qoN
pihlW q`k ies iksm dy jlUs pMjwb dIAW dysI irAwsqW dIAW rwjDwnIAW dy ielwikAW
iv`c dyKx ƒ imLdy sn[ rwijAW-mhwrwijAW dIAW svwrIAW dy idRS bhuq rock huMdy sn[
dsihry vwLy idn nIlkMT dy drSn krn dw ivSyS mhwqm (SuB krmW dw PL) mMinAw jWdw
hY[ lok-ivSvws Anuswr jdoN rwm-rwvx Drm-Xu`D iv`c sRI rwm qy lCmx mUriCq ho gey
sn qW nIlkMT ny hI auhnW dy srIr ƒ zihr qoN mukq kIqw sI[ ikhw jWdw hY ik zihr nwL
aus pMCI dw kMT nIlw ho igAw sI[ ‘iesy nIlkMT ƒ gruV KMB’ vI ikhw jWdw hY[
lohVI
ieh iqauhwr poh mhIny dy A^Irly idn mnwieAw jWdw hY[ purwqn smyN qoN hI pMjwb dy lokW
dw mu`K DMdw KyqI-bwVI irhw hY[ lohVI Sbd dw jy sMDI Cyd kIqw jwvy qW ieh iqL Aqy roVI
(guV dI) dw sMXog bxdw hY[ lohVI A`g nwL juiVAw iqauhwr hY[ A`g nw kyvl mnu`K ƒ
grmI hI pRdwn krdI hY sgoN mnu`K-isrijq hr SY ƒ piv`qr Aqy au~jl vI bxw idMdI hY[
ies idn guV, iqL Aqy Bu`ijAw hoieAw Anwj vMifAw jWdw hY[ ies leI pMjwb dw smwijk
ArQcwrw iesy rMgq vwLw hI irhw hY[ ie`QoN q`k ik lohVI dy iqauhwr au~qy gwey jwx vwLy
gIqW iv`c vI ikrswxI smwj dI g`l kIqI geI imLdI hY ikrswxI smwj ƒ KyqI leI mrdW
dI loV huMdI sI[ ausy qrHW dy Bwv lohVI dy iehnW gIqW iv`c vI imLdy hn, ijvyN :
dy nI mweI pwQI
qyrw pu`q cVHygw hwQI
hwQI hyT ktorw
qyry pu`q jMmUgw gorw
gory ny KwDI it`kI ......

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 37

 hwQI dI svwrI BwrqI smwj AMdr ie`zq-mwx dw pRqIk rhI hY[ rwjy-mhwrwjy hI hwQI
dI svwrI krdy hn[ ie`Qy gory qy sohxy lokW qoN Bwv vI v`fy lok hI hY[ hr gLI, mh`ly ivhVy
iv`c DUxI bwLI jWdI hY[ Gr dw hr ie`k jIA bwLI hoeI A`g iv`c do-do, cwr-cwr iqLW
dy dwxy su`tdw hoieAw ies mMqr dw aucwrn krdw hY[
eISr Awey dil`dr jwey
dil`dr dI jVH cu`lHy pwey[
Sbd eISr dy ArQ eyQy bl, SkqI qwkq jW ihMmq qoN ley gey hn[ lohVI ArQwq A`g
dw pRvwh ies dil`dr ƒ swV idMdw hY[ dil`dr dUr ho jwvy qW au~dm pYdw ho jWdw hY[ au~dm
A`gy l`CmI ausy qrHW c`ldI hY, ijvyN p`Ky A`gy pOx c`ldI hY[ du`ly B`tI ny ie`k ZrIb Gr dI
duKI lVkI ƒ DI bxw ky ivAwihAw qy puMn K`itAw sI[ iesy leI lohVI smyN ^uSI dy mOky lok
du`ly dw js vI gwauNdy hn[
qIAW
swaux dy mhIny brswq dw mOsm huMdw hY[ ikximx-kwxI nwL cwry pwsy hirAwvl CweI huMdI
hY[ kuVIAW-icVIAW n`c-n`c Drq ihlwauNdIAW hn, pINGW JUtdIAW hn, ig`Dw pYNdw hY Aqy
gIq gwey jWdy hn[ cwry pwsy rOxkW huMdIAW hn[ gLIAW iv`c vxjwry cUVIAW vycdy hn[
mihMdI lweI jWdI hY[ lwl logVI dIAW Pu`l-icVIAW bxw ky sjwvtW kIqIAW jWdIAW hn[
KyqI dw DMdw ikauNik brswq au~qy inrBr krdw sI ies leI swaux-GtwvW ƒ cVHIAW dyK ky
mnu`K dI rUh q`k iB`j jWdI sI[ b`cy, bu`Fy, iesqrI, purS swry dy swry Awpmuhwry JUm au~Tdy
hn[ kuVIAW ivSySkr s`j-ivAwhIAW leI ieh ivSyS mh`qv r`Kdw iqauhwr hY[ nvINAW-
nvylIAW shury Gr dy du`K-su`K shylIAW nwL sWJy krdIAW hn, hwsw-T`Tw huMdw hY[ swaux
dy mhIny leI lok-ivSvws hY ik ƒh s`s dy m`Qy nhIN l`gxI cwhIdI[ lok-ivSvws Anuswr
jy ƒh s`s dy swmHxy AwvygI qW s`s nwL koeI burI Gtnw vwpr skdI hY[ ies leI s`s ^ud
ƒh ƒ pyky Gr jwx leI pRyrdI hY jy Aijhw nw hovy qW s`s ƒh ƒ imhxy vI mwrdI hY[ ies
ivSvws dw mnorQ ieh sI ik pihlI vwr ivAwhuqw kuVI mwipAW qy shylIAW dy ivCoVy sdkw
audws ho jWdI hY[ s`j-ivAwhIAW muitAwrW jdoN hwr-iSMgwr lgw ky qIAW iv`c jWdIAW hn
qW s`c-mu`c ieMdr dyvqw hoS-hvws Bulw ky r`jvIN bwrS krdw hY[ b`dLW dI GnGor Gtw
qy imMnI-imMnI ikximx-kwxI iv`c Awpmuhwry joS iv`c n`cdI A`QrI jvwnI Drq ihlw idMdI
hY[ bolIkwr ny ieh idRS ieauN pyS kIqw hY :
swaux mhIny b`dL pYNdw
inMmHIAW pYx PuhwrW

38 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 iek`TIAW ho ky AweIAW ig`Dy iv`c
ie`ko-ijhIAW muitAwrW
ig`Dy dy iv`c eydW ilSkx
ijauN sony dIAW qwrW
pRdUiSq vwqwvrn, audXogIkrn qy p`CmIkrn dI qyz hnyrI ny ieh islislw au~kw hI bdl
id`qw hY[ A`j dIAW bxwautI qIAW dw nw auh rUp-rMg hY Aqy nw hI lok-mnW dI SmUlIAq hY[
r`KVI
BYx-Brw dy ipAwr dw ieh bMDn ^uSIAW, cwvW, s`DrW, mlHwrW qy aumMgW nwL BirAw huMdw hY[
iesy leI ieh irSqw ivSyS mh`qv r`Kdw hY[ BYx su`cy mUMh Brw dI klweI auqy Dwgy, logVI
dI r`KVI bMnHdI hY qy Brw rupey-pYsy dy rUp iv`c sugwq Byt krdw hY[ BYx Brw dI lMmI aumr
dI kwmnw krdI hY Aqy Brw aus dI hr ^qry qoN r`iKAw krn dw pRx krdw hY[ lok-gIqW
dIAW qukW hn : BYx koLoN vIr vy bnHw lY r`KVI, sohxy ijhy gu`t ’qy sjw lY r`KVI[ r`KVI
dw iqauhwr swaux dI pUrnmwSI vwLy idn mnwieAw jWdw hY[ ies iqauhwr ƒ rwKI-bMDn,
rkSw-bMDn jW r`KVI dw iqauhwr ikhw jWdw hY[
bsMq pMcmI
bsMq ru`q swrIAW ru`qW dI rwxI hY[ ‘sdw idvwLI swD dI, A`To pihr bsMq’ dI aukqI bsMq
ru`q dy ^uSIAW-KyiVAW nwL juVy hox dw sMkyq idMdI hY[ bsMq pMcmI vwLy idn muMfy-kuVIAW
bsMqI rMg dy k`pVy pihndy hn[ pILy cwvl bxwey jWdy hn[ pqMg aufwey jWdy hn[ pRikrqI
dI ^uSI nwL ^uSI sWJI kIqI jWdI hY[ srdI dI ru`q mgroN bhwr dI ru`q dw suAwgq krn
leI bsMq dw iqauhwr mnwieAw jWdw hY[ ‘AweI bsMq, pwLw aufMq’ dI g`l iesy aukqI
v`l sMkyq krdI hY[ bsMq pMcmI ƒ vIr hkIkq rwey dw ShIdI js-gwien vI kIqw jWdw
hY[ pitAwLy Aqy AMimRqsr dy iChrtw swihb ivKy bsMq pMcmI dw mylw l`gdw hY[ bsMq dw
mhInw bhwr dw smW huMdw hY[ ies leI bsMq ^uSIAW-KyiVAW dw pRqIk bx igAw hY[

AiBAws
1. mwGI dw mylw ik`Qy l`gdw hY:
a. mukqsr A. Cpwr (ipMf) e. luiDAwxw s. sRI AMimRqsr swihb

2. Cpwr dy myly dw sMbMD iks dyvI nwL hY:

a. durgw dyvI A. sIqlw dyvI e. srsvqI dyvI s. lkSmI dyvI

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 39

 3. r`KVI dw iqauhwr iks irSqy nwL sMbMiDq hY:
a. bwp-DI A. BYx-Brw e. mW-DI s. mW-bwp

4. kuVIAW nwL sMbMiDq iqauhwr ikhVw hY:

a. bsMq A. r`KVI e. qIAW s. dsihrw

5. idvwLI ikhVy dysI mhIny iv`c mnweI jWdI hY:

a. k`qk A. cyq e. ivswK s. hwVH

40 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 Alop ho rhy pMjwbI Sbd

Sbd ArQ
klbUq mnu`KI srIr

mMgU m`JW, gWvW dw v`g

soqw vylw rwq dw smW

prnw sw&w

nswr Cotw KwL

AwBU m`kI dy A`D-Bu`jy dwxy

sMFw mwlI

mYrw ryqlI zmIn

BOr qwjx ArbI GoVw

bSr AwdmI, mnu`K

mUn hrnI

cuqhI dUhrw Kys

SwhdI gvwhI

soqw Swm

sdw Avwz

g`Bx sUx vwLI

rVI Ku`lHI jgHw

kcry k`cy ^rbUzy

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 41

 SIr du`D

AbIr gulwl

AwV Cotw KwL

cOsr SqrMj

hrnotw hrn dw b`cw

slvwqW gwLW

sYNKIAW mIt dIAW botIAW

ic`TI-rswn fwkIAw

cvL Sohdw, K`c

jog bLdW dI joVI

J`l jMgL

bWgxw gRIs vZYrw dyxw

pMsyrI pMj ik`lo, DVI

PMDk iSkwrI

hbIb ipAwrw

cWgr cIk

JwvW im`tI dw Kurcxw

iK`lW m`kI dy Bu`jy dwxy

jurkw ihMmq

nysqI susqI

42 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

vLyvW Gr dI vrqoN dw smwn

rWd JgVw

BsUVI iksy kMm dw JMjt

nmoLIAW inMm dy p`ky hoey bI

gofw invwxw imrqk dw A&sos krn jwxw

D`K jUM dw b`cw

lIK jUM dw AWfw

AwrsI SISw

AOlIAw vlI dw bhuvcn

iebwdq bMdgI

swr ^br

hwk Avwz

nIr pwxI, hMJU

bylI dosq, Xwr

BLk Awaux vwLw k`lH

Bwq cOL

B`qw Cwh vyLw

vwt rwh

sUry sUrmy, XoDy

kwl mOq, smW

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 43

 AiBAws
1. ‘ic`TI rsYx’ dw ArQ hY:
(a) puils vwLw (A) fwkIAw (e) nweI (s) mihrw

2. ‘soqw vyLw’ dw ArQ hY:

(a) svyr (A) Swm (e) dupihr (s) rwq

3. ‘iebwdq’ dw ArQ hY:

(a) ^br (A) bMdgI (e) Avwz (s) krVw

4. ‘jog’ dw ArQ hY:

(a) bLdW dI joVI (A) iSkwrI (e) Gr dw joV-jugwV (s) Swh vyLw

5. ‘nIr’ dw ArQ hY:

(a) ndI (A) pwxI (e) jMgL (s) hvw

44 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 igxqI
ies pwT-kRm dw mu`K mMqv b`icAW ƒ ie`k qoN sO q`k dI igxqI qoN jwxU krvwauxw hY[ iesy
mMqv ADIn igxqI ƒ gurmuKI AMkW Aqy SbdW dy nwL-nwL romn ilpI iv`c pyS kIqw igAw
hY qWjo AMkW dI pCwx Aqy AMkW dy aucwrn ƒ sOiKAW hI smiJAw Aqy gRihx kIqw jw sky[
iesy mMqv ADIn ie`k qoN lY ky sO q`k igxqI hyT ilKy Anuswr hY :-

AMgryzI AMk gurmuKI AMk romn ilpI iv`c AMk gurmuKI ilpI iv`c AMk

1 ñ Ikk ie`k
2 ò Do do
3 ó Tinn iqMn
4 ô Chaar cwr
5 õ Panj pMj
6 ö Chhae Cy
7 ÷ Satt s`q
8 ø Atth A`T
9 ù Nau nNO
10 ñú Dus ds
11 ññ Gyara’n igAwrW
12 ñò Baara’n bwrW
13 ñó Teraa’n qyrW
14 ñô Chauda’n cOdW
15 ñõ Pandra’n pMdrW
16 ñö Sola’n soLW
17 ñ÷ Satara’n sqwrW

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 45

 18 ñø Athaara’n ATwrW
19 ñù Unni au~nI
20 òú Veeh vIh
21 òñ Ikki ie`kI
22 òò Baai bweI
23 òó Taee qyeI
24 òô Chauvi cOvI
25 òõ Pachee p`cI
26 òö Chhabi C`bI
27 ò÷ Satayi sqweI
28 òø Athayi ATweI
29 òù Unnatti aux`qI
30 óú Teeh qIh
31 óñ Ikatti iek`qI
32 óò Batti b`qI
33 óó Teti qyqI
34 óô Chaunti cOqI
35 óõ Paintee pYNqI
36 óö Chhatti C`qI
37 ó÷ Sainti sYNqI
38 óø Atthati AT`qI
39 óù Untali auxqwLI
40 ôú Chaali cwLI
41 ôñ Iktaali iekqwLI

46 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

42 ôò Biyali ibAwLI
43 ôó Tartali qrqwLI
44 ôô Chutali cuqwLI
45 ôõ Pantali pMqwLI
46 ôö Chhyali iCAwLI
47 ô÷ Santali sMqwLI
48 ôø Athtaali ATqwLI
49 ôù Unanja auxMjw
50 õú Panjah pMjwh
51 õñ Ikvanja iekvMjw
52 õò Bawanja bvMjw
53 õó Tarvanja qrvMjw
54 õô Churanja curMjw
55 õõ Pachvanja pcvMjw
56 õö Chhapanja CpMjw
57 õ÷ Satvanja sqvMjw
58 õø Aathvanja ATvMjw
59 õù Unahth auxwhT
60 öú Satth s`T
61 öñ Ikahath iekwhT
62 öò Bahth bwhT
63 öó Trehath qRyhT
64 öô Chauhath cOhT
65 öõ Penhath pYNhT

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 47

 66 öö Chhiaahth iCAwhT
67 ö÷ Stahath sqwhT
68 öø Athahath ATwhT
69 öù Unahattar auxH`qr
70 ÷ú Sattar s`qr
71 ֖ Ikahttar iekH`qr
72 ÷ò Bahattar bh`qr
73 ÷ó Tihattar iqh`qr
74 ÷ô Chuhattar cuh`qr
75 ÷õ Panjhattar pMJ`qr
76 ÷ö Chhihattar iCh`qr
77 ÷÷ Satattar sq`qr
78 ÷ø Athattar AT`qr
79 ÷ù Unaasi auxwsI
80 øú Assi A`sI
81 øñ Ikaasi iekwsI
82 øò Biassi ibAwsI
83 øó Taraasi qrwsI
84 øô Churaasi curwsI
85 øõ Pachaasi pcwsI
86 øö Chhiaasi iCAwsI
87 ø÷ Sataasi sqwsI
88 øø Athaasi ATwsI
89 øù Unanvey’n auxwnvyN

48 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

90 ùú Nabbey n`by
91 ùñ Ikanvey’n iekwnvyN
92 ùò Banvey’n bwnvyN
93 ùó Tranvey’n qrwnvyN
94 ùô Churanvey’n crwnvyN
95 ùõ Pachanvey’n pcwnvyN
96 ùö Chhiyanvey’n iCAwnvyN
97 ù÷ Satanvey’n sqwnvyN
98 ùø Athanvey’n ATwnvyN
99 ùù Nadinvey’n niVHMnvyN
100 ñúú Sau sO

AiBAws
1. niVHMnvyN ƒ AMkW iv`c ilKo:
(a) 89 (A) 99 (e) 79 ( s) 49

2. 52 ƒ SbdW iv`c iliKAw jWdw hY:

(a) bvMjw (A) buvMjw (e) ibvMjw (s) bivMjw

3. vIh qoN bwAd ikhVI sMiKAw AMk AwauNdI hY:

(a) bweI (A) b`qI (e) ie`kI (s) iek`qI

4. 62 qoN bwAd ikhVI sMiKAw AwauNdI hY:

(a) 73 (A) 63 (e) 53 (s) 43

5. pMdrW ƒ gurmuKI iv`c ikvyN iliKAw jWdw hY:

(a) ñõ (A) ñö (e) ñø ( s) ñù

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 49

 dysI mhIinAW dy nwm
purwqn smyN qoN c`ilAw Aw irhw dysI mhIinAW dw vjUd 21vIN sdI dy ivigAwink Xu`g iv`c
vI kwiem hY[ Dwrimk Aqy ieiqhwisk mh`qqw r`Kx vwLy idn, iqauhwr, myly Aqy ru`qW
Awid dw smW AMgryzI mhIinAW dy ihswb nwL A`gy-ip`Cy ho jWdw hY pr dysI mhIinAW dy
Anuswr iehnW dy smyN iv`c iksy vI qrHW dw pirvrqn nhIN huMdw[ pMjwbI s`iBAwcwr iv`c
dysI mhIinAW dI ^ws mh`qqw hY ikauNik iehnW swry mhIinAW dw sMbMD Kws ru`q nwL huMdw
hY ijs krky iehnW mhIinAW ƒ AslI mhIny vI ikhw jWdw hY[ hwVHI qy swauxI Awid dysI
mhIinAW dw sMbMD KyqI dIAW vMngIAW nwL sMbMiDq hY ikauNik &sl dI ibjweI Aqy ktweI
iv`c ieh mhIny ivSyS mh`qv r`Kdy hn[ iehnW dysI mhIinAW Anuswr hI sMgrWd, m`isAw
Aqy puMinAw vrgy ivSyS qy piv`qr idn SrDw nwL mnwey jWdy hn[ AMgryzI mhIinAW vWg
iehnW dI igxqI vI 12 hY[ dysI mhIny cyq (m`D mwrc qoN m`D AprYl) nwL swl dI SurUAwq
huMdI hY Aqy P`gx (m`D &rvrI-m`D mwrc) nwL swl dI smwpqI[

dysI mhIinAW sMbMDI cwrt

1. cyq 7. A`sU

2. ivswK 8. k`qk

3. jyT 9. m`Gr

4. hwVH 10. poh

5. swaux 11. mwG

6. BwdoN 12. P`gx

AiBAws

1. dysI mhIinAW dI igxqI d`so –

(a) 10 (A) 11 (e) 13 (s) 12

50 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 2. pihlw dysI mhInw ikhVw hY:
(a) hwVH (A) swaux (e) cyq ( s) ivswK

3. dysI mhIinAW iv`c Aw^rI mhInw huMdw hY:

(a) P`gx (A) poh (e) A`sU (s) hwVH

4. idvwLI dw iqauhwr iks dysI mhIny iv`c AwauNdw hY:

(a) jyT (A) BwdoN (e) k`qk (s) mwG

5. lohVI qoN Agly idn ikhVw dysI mhInw AwauNdw hY:

(a) mwG (A) ivswK (e) poh (s) A`sU

AMgryzI mhIinAW dy nwm

dysI mhIinAW vWg AMgryzI mhIny vI ivSyS mh`qqw r`Kdy hn[ iehnW mhIinAW dw sMbMD
p`CmI dysW nwL jw juVdw hY[ dysI mhIinAW vWg iehnW dI igxqI vI 12 hY Aqy jnvrI
ies iv`c pihly mhIny vjoN Aqy dsMbr Aw^rI mhIny vjoN jwixAw jWdw hY[ iehnW mhIinAW
Aqy h&qwvwrI idnW dy nWvW nwL koeI nw koeI ivSyS ieiqhws kwrjSIl hY, ijvyNik iehnW
dw sMbMD pRwcIn rom nwL jw juVdw hY ijs krky iehnW mhIinAW dy nwm romn dyvqy, romn
khwxIAW, romn kwl qy romn swmrwj Awid kuJ lwqInI SbdW nwL sMbMiDq ho ky hoNd gRihx
krdy hn[ iehnW mhIinAW dy SurUAwqI nwm hux nwLoN iBMn hn Aqy SurUAwqI mhIinAW dI
igxqI vI 10 huMdI sI pr smyN-smyN iehnW iv`c pirvrqn huMdw igAw Aqy vrqmwn smyN dy
iehnW bwrW mhIinAW sMbMDI vyrvw hyTW drj hY:-

1. jnvrI 5. meI 9. sqMbr

2. &rvrI 6. jUn 10. AkqUbr

3. mwrc 7. julweI 11. nvMbr

4. AprYl 8. Agsq 12. dsMbr

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 51

 AiBAws
1. AMgryzI mhIinAW dI igxqI d`so:
(a) 11 (A) 13 (e) 12 (s) 14

2. jUn qoN Aglw mhInw ikhVw huMdw hY:

(a) julweI (A) Agsq (e) sqMbr (s) dsMbr

3. swl dw AKIrlw mhInw ikhVw huMdw hY:

(a) jnvrI (A) nvMbr (e) AkqUbr (s) dsMbr

4. suqMrqqw-idvs iks AMgryzI mhIny iv`c mnwieAw jWdw hY:

(a) AprYl (A) jUn (e) Agsq (s) jnvrI

5. srdI dI ru`q nwL sMbMiDq mhIny dy nW d`so:

(a) jUn (A) julweI (e) dsMbr (s) meI

52 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 ivAwkrn
Su`D-ASu`D
ASu`D Su`D ASu`D Su`D
1. aupRq auprMq 21. kcYhrI kcihrI
2. AwdRS AwdrS 22. dpYhr dupihr
3. skqR sk`qr 23. mYNhdI mihMdI
4. suMdRqw suMdrqw 24. pYhlW pihlW
5. imsqRI imsqrI 25. gOh ghu
6. saUdw sOdw 26. mOhrw mhurw
7. sauxw sONxw 27. sONh shuM
8. BauNkxw BONkxw 28. pVnw pVHnw
9. SIq sIq 29. Fwhunw Fwhuxw
10. SUrvIr sUrbIr 30. lMgnw lMGxw
11. inscw inScw 31. imxxw imxnw
12. srIk SrIk 32. sunxw suxnw
13. SoBw soBw 33. lob loB
14. iSkSw is`iKAw 34. BWBV BWbV
15. sIsw SISw 35. ku`Bw ku`bw
16. myhxw imhxw 36. ruhB rohb
17. gYhxw gihxw 37. b`KI v`KI
18. KYhVw KihVw 38. bihVw vihVw
19. snYhrI sunihrI 39. A`TmW A`TvW
20. iekYhrw iekihrw 40. jmwiex jvYx

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 53

 41. kwmW kWvW 64. kCYhrw kCihrw
42. symIAW syvINAW 65. KYNhdw KihMdw
43. mwXw mwieAw 66. SYhd Sihd
44. Awlxw AwlHxw 67. kYNhdw kihMdw
45. suvwxI suAwxI 68. zYhr zihr
46. duvwr duAwr 69. lYNhdw lihMdw
47. kvwrw kuAwrw 70. qYhmq qihmq
48. AMqR AMqr 71. sOhrw shurw
49. iesqRI iesqrI 72. nONh nhuM
50. SwsqR Swsqr 73. pONhc phuMc
51. piv`qR piv`qr 74. vOhtI vhutI
52. rwStRI rwStrI 75. dwVI dwVHI
53. kaux kOx 76. bnwaunw bxwauxw
54. dauV dOV 77. jMmnw jMmxw
55. kauVw kOVw 78. ausrxw au`srnw
56. iSKr isKr 79. auDYV bun auDyV-bux
57. X`s js 80. Bu`Bl Bu`bL
58. qwrIk qwrI^ 81. BwBI BwbI
59. S`kr s`kr 82. jyB jyb
60. kyS kys 83. bsoN v`soN
61. iesnwn ieSnwn 84. bgwr vgwr
62. rysm rySm 85. bkIl vkIl
63. vyhVw ivhVw 86. iekwnmyN iekwnvyN

54 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 87. BwmyN BwvyN 91. vyS vys
88. ikmyN ikvyN 92. suvwmI suAwmI
89. pUJw pUjw 93. gvWFx guAWFx
90. suvwh suAwh

AiBAws

hyT iliKAW iv`coN Su`D Sbd dI cox kro:

pRSn 1. a. koSS A. koiSS e. koiSs s. koisS
pRSn 2. a. bOhUq A. bhauq e. bohq s. bhuq
pRSn 3. a. pu`sqk A. pusqk e. pusiqk s. puskq
pRSn 4. a. jWvw A. jwvW e. jwbW s. jWmW
pRSn 5. a. SUrbIr A. surbIr e. sUrbIr s. sUrvIr

smwnwrQI Sbd
ArQ-boD dy AwDwr ’qy SbdW ƒ iviBMn (smwnwrQI, bhuArQI Aqy ivroDI Sbd Awid) ih`isAW
iv`c vMifAw jWdw hY[ SbdW dy Awpxy ArQW dy AwDwr ’qy hI nvyN Sbd hoNd gRihx krdy
hn[ iesy qrHW hI ivSv-p`Dr ’qy hryk BwSw (ihMdI, AMgryzI, aurdU Awid) iv`c kuJ SbdW dy
keI ArQ huMdy hn[ ie`ko hI Sbd nwL sMbMiDq ArQ r`Kdy iviBMn SbdW dI vrqoN ilKq ƒ
pRBwvSwlI Aqy rock bxwauNdI hY ikauNik iksy vI qrHW dI pySkwrI (mOiKk jW ilKqI) ivclw
duhrwA AkyvW pYdw kr skdw hY[ ies leI smyN, sQwn dI loV Anuswr SbdW dI vrqoN kIqI
jWdI hY[ audwhrn dy qOr ’qy pwxI Aqy jl dovyN smwn ArQ r`Kdy hn pr gurduAwry iv`c ‘jl
Cko jI’ Aqy sDwrn jIvn iv`c ‘pwxI pIE’ Awid ikhw jWdw hY[ ies qrHW dI pRivrqI nwL
sMbMiDq SbdW ƒ smwnwrQ, smwnwrQk jW smwnwrQI Sbd ikhw jWdw hY[ auprokq jwx-pCwx
nwL sMbMiDq pMjwbI iv`c smwn ArQ r`Kx vwLy kuJ SbdW dw vyrvw hyTW drj hY :-

1. ausqq vifAweI, mihmw, qwrI&, pRsMsw, aupmw, SlwGw, js

2. ausqwd gurU, AiDAwpk, is~iKAk, murSd

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 55

 3. au~qm sRySt, ibhqr, cMgw
4. au~dmI krmSIl, ihMmqI, auqSwhI
5. au~nqI qr~kI, ^ushwlI, pRPuilqw, ivkws
6. Asmwn ArS, AkwS, AMbr, ggn
7. AsIs mMgL-kwmnw, ASIrvwd, Su~B-ie~Cw
8. Akl smJ, isAwxp, m~q, bu~D, surq, sUJ
9. Axigxq Anyk, bySumwr, byAMq, keI
10. AMqr Byd, &rk, iv~Q
11. AnoKw A~frw, ivl~Kx, iBMn, v~Krw, Al~g
12. AmIr Dnvwn, DnwF, dOlqmMd
13. Awpxw zwqI, in~jI, S^sI, ivAkqIgq
14. AwkI ivroDI, ivdrohI, bwZI
15. AOrq iesqrI, nwrI, mihlw, qRImq, qIvIN, rMn, znwnI
16. shI drusq, TIk, s~cw
17. sMg Srm, iJjk, l~jw, sMkoc
18. smJdwr isAwxw, AklmMd, suGV, dwnw, bu~DImwn
19. sMqoK sbr, sMquStI, jyrw, iqRpqI
20. is~Dw spSt, srl, sw&
21. suMdr sohxw, idlkS, ^UbsUrq, hsIn
22. suqMqrqw AzwdI, sYÍwDInqw, ^udmu^qwrI
23. kmzor mwVw, inrbl, inqwxw, durbl
24. Krw AslI, ^wls, Su~D
25. ^uSI AnMd, KyVw, hulws, pRsMnqw
26. gVbV hMgwmw, ^rUd, &swd, aup~dr

56 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

27. GmMf AhMkwr, hYNkV, hauNmYN
28. cMgw Blw, nyk, vDIAw
29. jbr zulm, A~iqAwcwr, kihr
30. zmIn DrqI, BON, ipRQvI
31. izMdgI jIvn, hXwqI
32. qkVw blvwn, zorwvr, qwkqvr
33. qbwhI brbwdI, ivnwS, nws
34. duinAwvI lOikk, sMswirk, BOiqk
35. dlyrI bhwdrI, bIrqw
36. nrwz Zu~sy, ru~isAw, ^&w
37. inrwdrI Apmwn, bdqmIzI, byAdbI
38. pswr ivsqwr, PYlwA, ivAwpkqw
39. pRkwS cwnx, loA, roSnI, nUr
40. pu~Tw aultw, aUNDw, mUDw
41. bhwdr sUrmw, blvwn, dlyr, vIr
42. byimswl AnoKw, AdBuq, AlOikk
43. Brosw XkIn, inScw, ivSvws
44. mihk ^uSbo, sugMD
45. mdd hmwieq, smrQn, shwieqw
46. imhr dieAw, ikrpw, rihm, b^SS
47. mOq idhWq, imrqU, AMq, cVHweI
48. rUp Skl, sUrq, Awkwr
49. vrKw mINh, bwrS, brswq
50. vrqmwn Ajokw, AwDuink, mOjUdw

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 57

 AiBAws
1. ‘au~qm’ dw smwnwrQI d`so:
a. &zUl A. ArQhIx e. sRySt s. suhxw

2. ‘Brosy’ dw smwnwrQI nhIN hY:

a. XkIn A.DoKw e.inScw s. ivSvws

3. ‘pRkwS’ dw smwnwrQI d`so:

a. cwnx A. hnyrw e. rwq s. mINh

4. ‘hauNmYN’ dw smwnwrQI nhIN hY:

a. hMkwr A. hYNkV e. GmMf s. sUJvwn

5. ‘bhwdr’ dw smwnwrQI d`so:

a. kmzor A. frpok e. dlyr s. BgOVw

ivroDI Sbd
kudrq v`loN hr ie`k cIz/vsqU dw ivroDI rUp vI id`qw igAw hY[ jykr ie`k pwsy ‘AmIr’
Sbd dw ivroDI rUp AsIN dyKxw hovy qW ‘ZrIb’ Sbd bxdw hY[ ies qrHW iksy vI cIz/vsqU
dy ivroDI BwvW jW ArQW dy ivroDwrQk pRgtwA ƒ ivroDI Sbd ikhw jWdw hY[ ivroDwrQkqw
dw ieh sMklp ivAwpk (ivSwl) hY[ vrgW dy AwDwr ’qy vMf kridAW ivroDI SbdW ƒ
do BwgW iv`c r`iKAw jWdw hY[ pihly vrg iv`c auh ivroDI Sbd AwauNdy hn ijnHW dy ArQ
ault jW iBMn hox, ijvyN: idn-rwq, motw-pqlw, v`fw-Cotw, K`tw-im`Tw Aqy cMgw-burw Awid,
nwL hI dUjy vrg iv`c auhnW dy ivroDI SbdW ƒ r`iKAw jWdw hY ijnHW nwL Agyqr dI vrqoN
kr ky aus dy mUl ArQW ƒ ivroD iv`c pRgt kIqw jWdw hY, ijvyN: smJ dw bysmJ, is`Dw dw
Ais`Dw, ielwj dw lwielwj Aqy sPl dw AsPl Awid[ hyTW pMjwbI iv`c ivroDwrQk SbdW
dy pRgtwA sMbMDI kuJ audwhrnW id`qIAW geIAW hn:

58 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

1. au~cw nIvW 24. kuAwrI ivAwhI
2. Agyqr ipCyqr 25. ^rIdxw vycxw
3. Awauxw jwxw 26. ^wlI BirAw
4. Awdr inrwdr 27. iKlwrnw smytxw
5. Awm ^ws 28. ^uSI ZmI
6. ssqw mihMgw 29. grmI srdI
7. SihrI pyNfU 30. ig~lw su~kw
8. sPlqw AsPlqw 31. gux AOgx
9. SrmIlw bySrm 32. gurU cylw
10. surg nrk 33. Gwtw vwDw
11. sDwrn ivSyS 34. cMgw mMdw
12. suhwgx ivDvw 35. cVHweI auqrweI
13. Su~D ASu~D 36. cwl kucwl
14. h~sxw roxw 37. cu~kxw r~Kxw
15. hlwl hrwm 38. Cotw v~fw
16. hwzr ZYrhwzr 39. jnm mrn
17. hwnI lwB 40. ij~q hwr
18. hwr ij~q 41. TMFw grm
19. hyTW au~pr 42. DrqI AkwS
20. hOLw BwrI 43. Du~p CW
21. k~cw p~kw 44. nkl Asl
22. kƒnI ZYrkƒnI 45. ausqq inMidAw
23. kwrIgr AnwVI 46. im~Tw K~tw

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 59

 47. im~qr duSmx 49. rogI inrog
48. ivrlw sMGxw 50. v~D G~t

AiBAws

1. ‘ivrlw’ Sbd dw shI ivroDI Sbd hY:

(a) sMGxw (A) s`Kxw (e) s`kxw (s) s`jrw

2. hyTW id`iqAW iv`c shI ivroDI ju`t hY:

(a) Awsqk-nwsqk (A) au~cw-p`Drw (e) SrI&-suQrw (s) nvW-cMgw

3. ‘rogI’ Sbd dw ivroDI hY:

(a) inrog (A) ibmwr (e) dvw (s) ibmwrI

4. ‘ausqq’ dw ivroDI Sbd hY:

(a) inMidAw (A) is&q (e) pRsMsw (s) vifAweI

5. hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw shI ivroDI ju`t nhIN hY:

(a) ssqw-mihMgw (A) h`sxw-roxw (e) hwnI-ij`q (s) KuSI-ZmI

bhuArQk Sbd
pMjwbI iv`c ArQ-boD bwry crcw kridAW bhuArQk SbdW dI SRyxI vyKx ƒ imLdI hY[ ies
dI smwnwrQW dI ie`ko ArQ vwLI pRivrqI nhIN huMdI sgoN ies iv`c SbdW dw rUp auhI rihMdw
hY pr ies dy ArQW iv`c bdlwA vwprdw hY ijs nwL vwk ivcly ArQW iv`c qbdIlI
AwauNdI hY[ BwvyN Sbd-rUp ie`ko-ijhw hI hovy pr auhdw ArQ jW aus Sbd ƒ vwk iv`c
vrqx dIAW pirsiQqIAW aus dy ArQ ƒ inrDwirq krdIAW hn ijs nwL sMcwr ivcly
sMdys jW pRsMg iv`c AMqr AwauNdw hY[ audwhrn dy qOr ’qy AsIN ‘au~qr’ Sbd ƒ iviBMn
pirsiQqIAW iv`c vrqdy hoey sMcwr iv`c AwauNdI qbdIlI ƒ smJ skdy hW[ ijvyN au~qr
qoN Bwv koeI idSw, pRSn dw jvwb, hyTW au~qrnw Awid ilAw jw skdw hY[ smwn Sbd-rUp

60 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

ƒ jdoN iviBMn rUpW iv`c vriqAw jWdw hY qW ies iv`c qbdIlI AwauNdI hY Aqy Aijhw iksy
vI dysI jW ivdySI BwSw iv`c bhuArQI guxW sdkw huMdw hY[ pMjwbI BwSw nwL sMbMiDq kuJ
bhuArQk SbdW dw vyrvw hyTW drj hY :-
1. au~cw :
(a) aucweI dw ivSySx, isrk`FvW - swfw mkwn quhwfy mkwn nwLoN au~cw hY[
(A) au~cI Avwz - rwm dI dwdI ƒ au~cw suxdw hY[
(e) mocnw - nweI dw sB qoN zrUrI sMd au~cw hY[
2. aultI :
(a) pu`TI - rwm dI hr g`l aultI huMdI hY[
(A) mUDI - ieh b`s t`kr ho jwx kwrn aultI peI hY[
(e) moVnI - mYN Swm dI g`l kdy nhIN aultI[
(s) kY - mYƒ rotI Kwx ip`CoN iekdm aultI Aw geI[
3. au~qr :
(a) lihxw - rwm pOVIAW au~qr irhw hY[
(A) jvwb - mYN pRSn dw au~qr soc ky iliKAw[
(e) idSw - swfy Gr dw drvwzw au~qr v`l hY[
4. ausqwd :
(a) gurU - Sigrd ausqwdW qoN hI is`Kdy hn[
(A) mwhr - mihMdr mUrqIkwrI iv`c bVw ausqwd hY[
(e) cusq-clwk - jIqw eynw ausqwd hY ik aus koeI vI aus nUM DoKw nhIN dy skdw[
5. auTw :
(a) PoVw - rwm dy pYr ’qy ie`k auTw au~T ipAw hY[
(A) rUp - ies sUt qy kFweI dw auTw bhuq sohxw hY[
(e) cu`k - pRIqo ny Zu`sy iv`c Aw ky ie`t auTw leI[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 61

 6. A`gw :
(a) mOkw - isAwxw bMdw A`gw-ip`Cw vyK ky g`l krdw hY[
(A) mOq dw idn - buFwpy iv`c qW mnùK iehI socdw hY ik myrw A`gw nyVy Aw igAw hY[
(e) Aglw jnm - DrmI lok prmwqmw ƒ Xwd kr ky Awpxw A`gw suAwr lYNdy hn[
7. AMg :
(a) srIr dw ih`sw - h`Q srIr dw zrUrI AMg hY[
(A) swQI - prmwqmw iv`c ivSvws r`Ko, auh hmySW quhwfy AMg-sMg hY[
(e) irSqydwr - ivAwh iv`c swfy swry AMg-swk Awey[
8. A`k :
(a) ie`k pOdw - A`k dw pOdw AOV iv`c vI jMm pYNdw hY[
(A) qMg – aus dIAW g`lW sux ky mYN A`k igAw[
(e) AxBwauNdw kMm - hwr ky mYƒ muk`dmw krn dw A`k c`bxw ipAw
9. Ark :
(a) psInw - grmI kwrn swfw Ark inkL igAw[
(A) dvweI - sONP dw Ark b`icAW vwsqy lwBkwrI hY[
(e) incoV - ies kWf dw Ark ilKo[
10. sr :
(a) qwS dI sr - qwS KyfidAW myrI ie`k vI sr nw bxI !
(A) srovr - ies sr dw pwxI bhuq TMFw hY[
(e) &iqh krnw - bhwdrW ny morcw sr kr ky hI swh ilAw[
11. swr :
(a) incoV - swrI g`l dw swr ieh hY ik Srwb pIxI burI g`l hY[
(A) nwL hI - mINh pYxswr swrw mylw iKMf igAw[
(e) guzwrw - qUM A`j do rupey nwL hI kMm swr[

62 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

12. is`kw :
(a) DwqU - ies &YktrI iv`c keI kuieMtl is`kw hr roz Kpdw hY[
(A) surmw - myrI pY~nisl dw is`kw ^qm ho igAw hY[
(e) rohb - BwrqI tIm ny mYc ij`q ky swrI dunIAw iv`c Awpxw is`kw jmw ilAw[
13. sMg :
(a) swQ - mwqw icMqpurnI nMU jwx vwLw sMg c`l ipAw hY[
(A) Srm - mYƒ qyry pwsoN koeI sMg nhIN AwauNdI[
(e) p`Qr - ieh mMdr ic`ty sMgmrmr dw bixAw hoieAw hY[
14. sq :
(a) s`c - rwm nwm sq hY[
(A) incoV - inMbU dw sq ilAwE[
(e) zor - aus iv`c swh-sq qW idsdw hI nhIN[
15. sUq :
(a) rws - quhwfy fr nwL hI auh sUq rhygw[
(A) crKy nwL k`iqAw Dwgw - SIlw sUq bhuq brIk k`qdI hY[
(e) inSwn lwaux vwlw Dwgw - qrKwx ny l`kVI cIrn leI pihlW sUq lwieAw[
16. sUAw :
(a) v`fI sUeI - sUey nwL borI sIE[
(A) m`J dw sUAw - swfI m`J dw ieh pihlw sUAw hY[
(e) KwL - ieh sUAw srihMd nihr iv`coN inkLdw hY[
17. hwr :
(a) Pu`lW dw hwr - mYN Pu`lW dw hwr ^rIidAw[
(A) vwLw - r`b kudrq dw isrjxhwr hY[
(e) hwrnw - AsIN mYc hwr gey[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 63

 18. hwl :
(a) hwlq - Awpxw hwl-cwl suxwE[
(A) lohy dw c`kr - phIey au~pr hwl ƒ grm kr ky cVHwE[
(e) Ajy - hwl dI GVI mYN ie`Qy hI hW[
19. h`s :
(a) ie`k qrHW dw gihxw - gIqw ny sony dw h`s ^rIidAw[
(A) h`sxw - myrI g`l sux ky sB h`s pey[
(e) gLy dI h`fI - C`q qoN ifgx nwL rwm dw h`s tu`t igAw[
20. k`cw :
(a) p`ky dy ault - ies k`pVy dw rMg k`cw hY[
(A) imqlwauxw - rotI KWidAW hI myrw jIA k`cw hox l`g ipAw[
(e) JUTw - jdoN aus dw JUT zwhr ho igAw qW auh bVw k`cw hoieAw[
21. klI :
(au) Pu`l dw nW - klI dy Pu`l iv`coN ikMnI ^uSbo AwauNdI hY!
(A) s&YdI - AsIN Awpxy swry kmirAW iv`c klI krvweI[
(e) ic`tI Dwq - AsIN ip`qL dy swry BWfy klI krvwey[
22. kwl :
(a) smW - kwl iqMn pRkwr dy huMdy hn : BUq-kwl, vrqmwn-kwl qy BivKq-kwl[
(A) mOq - b`s, aus dw kwl aus ƒ au~Qy lY igAw[
(e) Kwx dIAW cIzW dI kmI - bMgwl dy kwl iv`c bhuq swry bMdy mwry gey sn[
23. kot :
(a) gL pwaux vwLw k`pVw - mYN srdI qoN bcx leI kot gL pw ilAw[
(A) iklHw - &Oj ny kot ƒ Gyrw pw ky goLwbwrI SurU kr id`qI[
(e) qwS dI bwzI - qwS dI pihlI bwzI iv`c hI AsIN auhnW isr kot kr id`qw[

64 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

24. K`tI :
(a) qurS - l`sI bhuq K`tI hY[
(A) gUVHI pILI - kuVI ny K`tI cuMnI leI hoeI hY[
(e) kmweI – A`j-k`lH blYkIey AMnHI K`tI kr rhy hn[
25. goLw :
(a) qop dw goLw - qop dw goLw bhuq dUr q`k mwr krdw hY[
(A) ptwkw - idvwLI dI rwq ƒ lokW ny goLy clwey[
(e) Dwgy dw goLw - mYN Dwgy dw ie`k goLw ^rIidAw[
26. GVI :
(a) smW d`sx vwLw XMqr - GVI au~qy bwrW v`jy hn[
(A) smyN dw AMS - mYN GVI ku hI AYQy bYTWgw[
(e) bxweI - mYN cwkU nwL klm GVI[
27. c`k :
(a) dMdI - ku`qy ny myrI l`q au~pr c`k v`iFAw[
(A) KUh dI koTI dw AwDwr - KUh dw c`k vhwaux smyN bVy sgn kIqy jWdy sn[
(e) GuimAwr dw XMqr - GuimAwr c`k au~qy BWfy bxw irhw hY[
28. cwr :
(a) iqMn+ie`k - myry koL kyvl cwr rupey hI hn[
(A) psU cwrny - vwgI KyqW iv`c gWeINAW cwr irhw hY[
(e) ie`k-dUjy v`l dyKxw - jdoN A`KW cwr hoeIAW qW AsIN ie`k-dUjy ƒ pCwx ilAw[
29. j`g :
(a) dunIAw - ieh j`g im`Tw Aglw ikn if`Tw[
(A) ie`k BWfw - pwxI dw j`g ilAwE[
(e) Drm-ArQ Bojn Ckwauxw - ivswKI dy idn sMqW dy fyry ’qy BwrI j`g kIqw jWdw hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 65

 30. joV :
(a) Sbd dy joV - Sbd ilKx smyN auhnW dy joV TIk kr ky ilKo[
(A) iek`Tw krnw - Kw gey rMg lw gey joV gey so roVH gey[
(e) joVnw - pwtI ikqwb ƒ gUMd lw ky joV idE[
31. it`kI :
(a) goLI - mYN dvweI dI it`kI Kw leI hY[
(A) sUrj - sUrj dI it`kI cVH peI hY[
(e) rotI - qUM zrw v`fI rotI pkw, ieh kI it`kIAW ijhIAW pkw rhI hYN?
32. fMfI :
(a) qMg rsqw - mYN KyqW ivclI fMfI pY ky KUh ‘qy pu`jw[
(A) kMn iv`c pwaux vwLw gihxw - myrI sony dI ie`k fMfI ikqy ifg peI hY[
(e) q`kVI dI fMfI - q`kVI dI fMfI tu`t geI hY[
33. fol :
(a) ih`lxw - r`sI au~pr tMigAw myrw dup`tw hvw nwL fol irhw hY[
(A) frnw - vwihgurU bol qy rqw nw fol[
(e) KUh iv`coN pwxI k`Fx vwLw BWfw - fol nwL KUh iv`coN pwxI k`Fo[
34. qr :
(a) qrnw - mYN dirAw ƒ qr ky pwr kIqw[
(A) ie`k PL - mYN qr lUx lw ky KwDI[
(e) mukq hoxw - nyk kMm krn vwLy AwdmI qr jWdy hn[
35. qwr :
(a) lohy dI qwr - Kyq ƒ kMfydwr qwr lw idE[
(A) tYlIgRwm - mYN aus ƒ qwr rwhIN aus dy ivAwh dI vDweI ByjI[
(e) qwrnw - auh AwpxI mW dy Pu`l gMgw iv`c qwr AwieAw hY[

66 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

36. dOrw :
(a) ie`k v`fw BWfw - llwrI dOry iv`c rMg GoL irhw sI[
(A) ibmwrI dw hmlw – aus ƒ imrgI dy dOry pYNdy hn[
(e) sYr - rwStrpqI ivdySI dOrw kr rhy hn[
37. Dwr :
(a) m`J dI Dwr - aus ny m`J dI Dwr k`FI qy du`D dI bwltI Br leI[
(A) pwxI dI Dwr - prnwLy iv`coN pwxI dI Dwr ifg rhI sI[
(e) qlvwr Awid dw mUMh - qlvwr dI Dwr bhuq iq`KI hY[
38. p`kw :
(a) k`cy dw ault - ieh AMb p`kw hY[
(A) qjrbykwr hoxw - Swm Awpxy kMm iv`c cMgI qrHW p`kw hoieAw hY[
(e) v`fI aumr dw - muMfw dyKx ƒ Cotw l`gdw hY pr hY aumr dw p`kw[
39. p`tI :
(a) q^qI - mwstr jI ny mYƒ p`tI au~pr klm nwL ilKx leI ikhw[
(A) brbwd kIqI - muStMifAW dI p`tI SIlw iksy pwsy jogI nw rhI[
(e) lIr - mYN z^m au~pr p`tI bMnHI[
40. Pu`t :
(a) PL - Pu`t dw suAwd iP`kw huMdw hY[
(A) AjoVqw - ihMdU-muslmwnW dI Pu`t Bwrq dy toty krn dw kwrn bxI[
(e) au~gxw - Kyq iv`c bIjy kxk dy dwxy Pu`t pey hn !
41. Pu`l :
(a) h`fIAW - aus ny AwpxI mW dy Pu`l gMgw iv`c pwey[
(A) ^uS hoxw - mYN aus dI zrw ku ^uSwmd kIqI qy auh Pu`l igAw[
(e) pOdy dw suMdr Bwg - ieh gulwb dw Pu`l hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 67

 42. bolI :
(a) BwSw - swfI bolI pMjwbI hY[
(A) kihx l`gI - hrpRIq bolI, “mYN A`j skUl nhIN jwvWgI[”
(e) qwhnw - aus dI bolI myrw sInw cIr geI[
43. Br :
(a) lg-pg - mYƒ syr Br Awtw idE[
(A) pUrw krnw - mYN qyrw swrw nukswn Br dyvWgw[
(e) p`kxw - myrw z^m pwxI pY ky Br igAw hY[
44. r`K :
(a) jMgL - crvwhy r`K iv`c psU cwr rhy hn[
(A) r`Kxw - ikqwb myz au~pr r`K idE[
(e) qvIq - mYN b`cy dy gL iv`c r`K pweI hoeI hY[
45. lV :
(a) fMg mwrnw - myry m`Cr lV irhw hY[
(A) JgVw krnw - myrw guAWFI AYvyN hI myry nwL lV ipAw[
(e) p`lw - vhutI ƒ lwVy dw lV PVw ky GroN qor id`qw igAw[
46. lWvW :
(a) Pyry - BweI ny lWvW pVH ky muMfy-kuVI dw ivAwh kr id`qw[
(A) pMjwbI dI ie`k lg - hoVy Aqy knOVy vWg lWvW vI A`Kr dy au~pr l`gdIAW hn[
(e) r`sIAW - ies q`kVI dIAW lWvW tu`tx vwLIAW hn[
47. v`t :
(a) grmI - A`j bVw v`t hY[
(A) bMnw - mYN Kyq dI v`t au~pr qur irhw sW[
(e) vL - pRYs` nwL k`pVy dy v`t k`Fo[

68 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

48. vwr :
(a) idn - A`j kI vwr hY?
(A) hmlw - aus ny myry au~pr qlvwr dw vwr kIqw[
(e) kurbwn krnw - gurU qyZ bhwdr jI ny Drm dI ^wqr Awpxw isr vwr id`qw[
49. vwh :
(a) jqn - mYN AwpxI pUrI vwh lweI hY pr kMm nhIN bixAw[
(A) vifAweI - aus dI swry ipMf iv`c vwh-vwh ho geI[
(e) vwhuxw - d`b ky vwh qy r`j ky Kwh[
50. vyl :
(a) ru`KW jW kMDW au~pr cVHn vwLw pOdw - ieh AMgUr dI vyl hY[
(A) vwrnw - ^usry ny myry id`qy ds rupieAW dI vyl kIqI[
(e) vylxw - rotI ƒ vyl ky qvy ’qy pwE[

AiBAws

1. ‘dOry’ dy bhuArQk dw shI ju`t nhIN hY:

(a) sYr, ibmwrI (A) ibmwrI, v`fw BWfw
(e) v`fw BWfw, sYr (s) B`jxw, sYr

2. ‘vwr’ dy bhuArQk dw shI ju`t hY:

(a) hmlw, idn (A) idn, pVHnw
(e) inCwvr, BWj (s) hmlw, qrnw

3. ‘GVI’ dy bhuArQk dw shI ju`t nhIN hY:

(a) smW d`sx vwLw XMqr, klm iC`lx dI pRikirAw
(A) ie`k purwxw vwhn, smW d`sx vwLw XMqr
(e) smyN dw AMS, Cotw GVw
(s) smW d`sx vwLw XMqr, smyN dw AMS

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 69

 4. ‘kot’ dy bhuArQk dw shI ju`t hY:
(a) kroV, rMg (A) pihrwvw, au~cw
(e) pihrwvw, kroV (s) &Ysly dI QW, vkIlW dw Gr

5. ‘au~qr’ dy bhuArQk dw shI ju`t nhIN hY:

(a) pRSn, jvwb (A) idSw, au~qrnw
(e) jvwb, idSw (s) lihxw, jvwb

bhuqy SbdW dI QW ie`k Sbd

BwSw iv`c jdoN iksy v`fI jW lMmI g`l ƒ isr& ie`k Sbd dI vrqoN nwL spSt kr id`qw
jwvy qW auhnW ƒ ‘bhuqy SbdW dI QW ie`k Sbd’ ikhw jWdw hY[ iehnW SbdW dI vrqoN nwL
SbdwvlI dy BMfwr iv`c vI vwDw huMdw hY Aqy G`t SbdW iv`c AwpxI g`l ƒ mukMml rUp iv`c
ikhw jw skdw hY[ pMjwbI ivAwkrn nwL sMbMiDq ieh Bwg hryk rwj-BwSw dw Aihm AMg
hY ijs dI vrqoN Aqy igAwn sdkw koeI vI ivAkqI AwpxI g`l ƒ ibnW vkq guAwey sMjm
Aqy sMKypqw nwL pyS kr skdw hY[ pMjwbI BwSw iv`c rozwnw dI izMdgI jW sDwrn jIvn
iv`c jn-sDwrn duAwrw bol-cwl jW BwvW dI pySkwrI nwL sMbMiDq bhuqy SbdW dI QW ie`k
Sbd hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:-

1. ijhVw r~b iv~c ivSvws r~Kdw hovy Awsiqk

2. ijhVw r~b iv~c ivSvws nw r~Kdw hovy nwsiqk
3. lgwqwr kIqw jwx vwLw pwT AKMf-pwT
4. ibnW smyN dI sImw iv~c kIqw jwx vwLw pwT Ku~lHw-pwT
5. ijhVw piVHAw nw hovy AnpVH
6. ijs ƒ swry ipAwr krdy hox hrmn-ipAwrw
7. vDyry g~lW krn vwLw gwlVI
8. jo swrI dunIAw nwLoN sMbMD qoV lvy iqAwgI
9. ijs iv~c bhuq gux hox guxkwrI

70 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

10. ijs iv~c swrIAW SkqIAW hox srb-SkqImwn
11. ikqwbW dI sUcI sUcI-p~qr/pusqk-sUcI
12. jo iksy dI kIqI nykI nw jwxy AikRqGx
13. ipMf dI sWJI jmIn Swmlwt
14. im~tI dy BWfy bxwaux vwLw GuimAwr
15. jo KyfW iv~c Bwg lYNdw hovy iKfwrI
16. nwvl ilKx vwLw nwvlkwr
17. jo ivAkqI corI ^brW dUsry dysW ƒ Byjdw hovy jsUs
18. jo ivAkqI BivK dIAW g~lW d~sy joqSI
19. ijhVw mnu~K lohy dw kMm krdw hovy luhwr
20. ijhVw mnu~K l~kV dw kMm krdw hovy qrKwx
21. ijhVw ivAkqI Dwq/ip~qL qoN BWfy bxwauNdw hovy TiTAwrw
22. ijhVw mnu~K bUitAW dI dyK-BwL krdw hovy mwlI
23. ijhVw mnu~K cUVIAW vycdw hovy vxjwrw
24. ijs QW swry jwnvr/pMCI r~Ky jWdy hn icVIAw-Gr
25. dUsirAW dy idlW dIAW jwxn vwLw AMqrjwmI
26. ijs zmIn ’qy bhuq &sl huMdI hovy aupjwaU
27. jo mws KWdw hovy mwswhwrI
28. jo mws nw KWdw hovy SwkwhwrI
29. ijhVw ivAkqI Brosw qoV dyvy ivSvwsGwqI
30. pihlvwnW dy GuLn dI QW AKwVw
31. crKw k~qdIAW kuVIAW dw iek~T iqRM\x
32. jo cMgy krm krdw hovy sdwcwrI

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 71

 33. jo mnu~K bhuq SrwrqW krdw hovy SrwrqI
34. dUsirAW dw Blw krn vwLw praupkwrI
35. ijs ƒ koeI ij~q nw sky Aij~q
36. jo AwigAw dw pwlx kry AwigAwkwrI
37. ijs AOrq dw pqI mr cu~kw hovy ivDvw
38. ijs AOrq dw pqI izMdw hovy suhwgx
39. ijs ƒ vDyry Zu~sw AwauNdw hovy Zu~syKor
40. jo dys dy kƒn ƒ nw mMndw hovy bwZI/AwkI
41. ivAwh smyN kuVI dy Gr gwey jwx vwLy gIq suhwg
42. ivAwh smyN muMfy dy Gr gwey jwx vwLy gIq GoVIAW
43. ijs dw Ajy ivAwh nw hoieAw hovy kuAwrw
44. ijs bMdUk dIAW do nwLIAW hox dunwLI
45. pqI dI dUsrI pqnI sONkx
46. ijs QW ’qy svyry sbzI dI bolI huMdI hY sbzI-mMfI
47. ijs ibmwrI dw ielwj nw ho skdw hovy lwielwj
48. ijs ivAkqI iv~c soc-ivcwr dI smr`Qw nw hovy mUrK
49. mOq mgroN AwieAw slwnw mOq dw idn brsI
50. ijs ’qy ivSvws kIqw jw skdw hovy BrosyXog

AiBAws

hyT ilKy bhuqy SbdW dI QW ie`k Sbd ilKo[

1. ijhVw prmwqmw iv`c XkIn r`Ky :
(a) Awsiqk (A) nwsiqk (e) sMq (s) mhwqmw

72 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 2. ivAwh smyN kuVI dy Gr gwey jwx vwLy gIq :
(a) GoVIAW (A) gIq (e) suhwg (s) sMgIq

3. jo dys dy kƒn ƒ nw mMndw hovy :

(a) A`qvwdI (A) dys-DRohI (e) bwZI (s) kwiql

4. dUsirAW dy idlW dIAW jwnx vwLw :

(a) pMfq (A) kwzI (e) AMqrjwmI (s) prmwqmw

5. im`tI dy BWfy bxwaux vwLw :

(a) GuimAwr (A) suinAwr (e) luhwr (s) imsqrI

AKwx
AKwxW ƒ AKwauqW vI ikhw jWdw hY[ AKwx iksy BwSw dI Asl SkqI huMdy hn[ iehnW
iv`c aus BwSw ƒ bolx vwiLAW dIAW Axigxq pIVHIAW dw AnuBv smwieAw huMdw hY[ AKwx
lok-sUJ dw BMfwr huMdy hn[ Asl iv`c AKwx iksy BwSw dy lokW dw auh s`iBAwcwirk ivrsw
huMdy hn ijs iv`coN bIqy smyN dy smwijk, Dwrimk Aqy AwriQk jIvn dw pRiqibMb Jlkdw hY[
iksy BwSw ƒ bolx vwLy lok Awm bol-cwl iv`c AKwxW dI vrqoN krdy hn[ AKwxW rwhIN
auh AwpxI khI g`l ƒ vzndwr Aqy pRmwixk bxwaux dw jqn krdy hn[ ku`jy iv`c smuMdr
bMd krn dI klw AKwxW dy kx-kx iv`c rcI huMdI hY[
iksy AKwx dw jnm ie`k guMJLdwr pRikirAw hY[ ijvyN dirAw dy vihx iv`c irVH-irVH,
Gs-Gs ky p`Qr mulwiem ho jWdy hn, iqvyN hI pIVHI-dr-pIVHI lok-pRvwngI pRwpq krky
ieh AKwx vI Awpxw mOjUdw ipAwrw rUp ie^iqAwr krdy hn[ mUl-krqw ies iv`coN Zwieb
ho jWdw hY Aqy ieh lok-smUh dI sWJI jgIr bx jWdy hn[ iehnW dI vrqoN ip`Cy koeI nw
koeI Tos AwDwr/ivcwr huMdw hY Aqy iehnW ƒ ibnW iksy bdlwA dy vriqAw jWdw hY Bwv ik
ilMg Aqy vcn iv`c koeI vI qbdIlI nhIN huMdI sgoN ijauN dw iqauN vriqAw jWdw hY[ AKwx
dI vrqoN leI is`D-p`Drw vwk nhIN bxwieAw jWdw sgoN ie`k pUrw pRsMg isrijAw jWdw hY
Aqy pYdw hoeI siQqI iv`c hI FukvW AKwx vriqAw jWdw hY[ pMjwbI BwSw iv`c vrqy jWdy
kuJ AKwx hyTW id`qy gey hn:

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 73

 1. au~iTAw jwvy nw iP`ty-mUMh goifAW dy - kMm Awp qoN nw hoxw, pr doS dUijAW ƒ dyxw[
2. auh ikhVI gLI ij`Qy Bwgo nhIN KLI - iksy iesqrI jW purS dw hr QW Aqy hr
kMm iv`c cODrI bxy iPrnw [
3. auh idn fu`bw jd GoVI ciVHAw ku`bw - BYVy jW mwVy AwdmI pwsoN iksy v`fy kMm dI
Aws nhIN ho skdI[
4. au~KL pu`q nw jMmdw DI kwxI cMgI - nlwiek puq
` r nwLoN krUp qy kwxI DI cMgI hY[
5. aultI vwV Kyq ƒ Kwey - jdoN rKvwly hI nukswn krn l`g jwx[
6. Awpy PwQVIey qYƒ kOx Cufwvy - ijhVw jwx-bu`J ky iksy kSt iv`c Ps
jwvy, aus dI mdd koeI nhIN krdw[
7. Awp mIAW mMgqy bwhr KVy drvyS - ZrIb koL iksy ƒ dyx leI kuJ nhIN hud
M w[
8. A`KoN idsy nw nW nUr BrI - kMm kuJ vI nhIN pr g`pW v`fIAW-v`fIAW
jW nwm Aqy guxW dw ie`k-dUjy dy ault hoxw[
9. ie`k ie`k qy do igAwrW - eyky iv`c brkq huMdI hY[
10. ie`k inMbU ipMf Bu`iKAW dw - cIz QoVHI hovy pr loVvMd v`D hox[
11. ie`k Anwr sO ibmwr - cIz QoVHI hovy pr loVvMd v`D hox[
12. ie`k cu`p sO su`K - keI vwr cu`p rihx iv`c hI su`K huMdw hY[
13. ie`k imAwn qy do qlvwrW - ijvyN ie`k imAwn iv`c do qlvwrW nhIN
Aw skdIAW ausy qrHW do qkVy jW fwFy bMdy
vI ie`k QW rL ky nhIN rih skdy[
14. s`p dw b`cw spoLIAw - BYVy mwipAW dI auLwd vI BYVI hI huMdI hY[
15. s`dI nw bulweI mYN lwVy dI qweI - ibnW bulwey iksy kMm iv`c d^l dyxw[
16. bwhrlI swrI nwLoN Gr dI A`DI cMgI - Gr dI QoVHI cIz bwhr dI bhuqI nwLoN
cMgI huMdI hY[
17. sO h`Q r`sw isry ’qy gMF - lMmI g`l dw ie`ko is`tw inkLdw hY, AMq
g`l ausy s`c jW itkwxy ’qy Aw ky hI
mu`kdI hY[

74 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

18. sO suinAwr dI ie`k luhwr dI - qkVy dw ie`ko vwr kmzor dy sO vwrW vrgw
huMdw hY[
19. s`p dw fMigAw r`sI qoN vI frdw hY - jdoN koeI bMdw ie`k vwr DoKw Kw lvy qW
A`gy qoN hr kMm sucyq ho ky krdw hY[
20. h`QW dIAW id`qIAW - pihlW kMm ivgwV ky
dMdW nwL KolHxIAW pYNdIAW hn muV Awp hI suAwrnw pYNdw hY[
21. hwQI dy dMd Kwx dy hor idKwx dy hor - au~proN hor idloN hor[
22. hIly irzk bhwny mOq - irzk iksy vsIly jW au~dm nwL hI imLdw hY
Aqy moq kyvl bdlw hI l`bdI hY[
23. h`k prwieAw nwnkw aus sUAr aus gwie - prwieAw h`k Kwxw DrmI bMdy leI sB qoN
v`fw pwp hY[
24. hoCy j`t ktorw l`Bw pwxI pI-pI AwPirAw - hoCw AwdmI hoCIAW g`lW krdw hY Aqy
Awpxy iv`q qoN vD ky imLI cIz dI
durvrqoN krdw hY Aqy AMq iv`c pCqwauNdw hY[
25. hwQI lMG igAw pUC rih geI – jdoN bhuq swrw kMm mu`k jwvy kyvl QoVHw
ijhw hI bwkI rih jwvy[
26. hMkwr dw isr nIvW - hMkwr krn vwLw mnu`K sdw hI mUMh dI
KWdw hY[
27. k`KW dI ku`lI prnwLw dMd KMf dw - iksy cIz dw Awpxw mu`l G`t hovy Aqy aus
dy au~pr ^rcw v`D kIqw jwvy[
28. kpwh dI Pu`tI ij`Qy r`KI au~QoN lu`tI - cMgI cIz ’qy hr ie`k dIAW nzrW hud
M IAW hn[
29. k`lH nwm kwl dw - k`lH ’qy kMm nhIN C`fxw cwhIdw,k`lH dw
koeI Brosw nhIN huMdw[
30. kry koeI Bry koeI - doS iksy dw, szw iksy ƒ[
31. kwhLI A`gy toey - jldI iv`c kMm ivgV jWdy hn[
32. k`C iv`c CurI mUMh iv`c rwm-rwm - idloN kuJ qy au~qoN kuJ[
33. kr mzUrI Kwh cUrI - imhnq nwL hI bMdw suKI rih skdw hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 75

 34. kUV inKuty nwnkw EVik sic rhI - s`c dI sdw hI ij`q huMdI hY[
35. kr syvw Kwh myvw - syvw dw PL sdw im`Tw huMdw hY[
36. ik`Qy rwjw Boj ik`Qy gMgU qylI - kmzor qy ZrIb AwdmI dw qkVy qy AmIr
nwL koeI mukwblw nhIN huMdw[
37. Kotw pu`qr qy Kotw pYsw - kdy-kdy loV vyLy mwVI cIz vI kMm
vyLy isr kMm Aw jWdw hY Aw jWdI hY[
38. KUh pu`tdy ƒ Kwqw iqAwr hY - burw krn vwLy dw burw hI huMdw hY[
39. KyqI KsmW syqI - pYLI hmySW rwKI qy imhnq nwL iqAwr
huMdI hY[
40. gurU ijnHW dy t`pxy cyly jwx CV`p - jdoN cylw isAwxp jW clwkI iv`c Awpxy
ausqwd ƒ vI mwq dy dyvy[
41. gMgw geIAW h`fIAW kdy nhIN muVdIAW - cIzW d`bx leI mShUr Aqy KwaU AwdmI
pws geI cIz kdy vwps nhIN Aw skdI[
42. gON Bunwvy jON - Awpxy mqlb leI sB kuJ krnw pYNdw hY[
43. g`lW krn suKwLIAW AOKy pwlx bol - zubwnI g`lW krnIAW sOKIAW hn pr
Aml krnw AOKw hY[
44. guV id`iqAW jy duSmx mry mhurw ikauN dyeIey - jykr koeI ipAwr nwL hI mMn jwvy qW
s^qI krn dI loV nhIN[
45. h`sidAW dy Gr v`sdy – pRsn
M -ic`q bMdy hmySW suKI jIvn ibqwauNdy hn[
46. Gr pwtw dihsr mwirAw - Gr dI Pu`t v`sdy-rsdy Gr ƒ qbwh kr
idMdI hY[
47. GVy ƒ h`Q lwieAw swrw t`br iqhwieAw - rIso-rIs auhI kMm krnw[
48. Gr Swh qy bwhr Swh - ijnHW dw Awpxy Gr iv`c snmwn huMdw hY,
auhnW dI bwhr vI ie`zq huMdI hY[
49. Gr p`kdIAW dy swry swk - su`K iv`c sB swQ idMdy ny pr du`K vyLy koeI
nyVy nhIN AwauNdw[

76 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

50. c`kI dw pITw cMgw qy dMdW dw pITw mMdw - lokW dy mUMhoN iksy AwdmI dI bdnwmI
c`kI iv`c pITy jwx nwLoN vI mwVI hY[
51. cMn cVHy gu`Jy nhIN rihMdy - koeI v`fw kMm krn vwLy bMdy mShUr ho
hI jWdy hn[
52. icMqw icKw smwn - icMqw B`TI vWgUM ienswn ƒ AMdro-
AMdrI swV C`fdI hY[
53. ie`k corI qy au~qoN sInwzorI - ZlqI krky A`goN hor AwkVnw[
54. C`j qW boly CwxnI ikauN boly - jdoN AOgxW nwL n`ko-n`k BirAw bMdw
iksy hor dy ie`k-do AOgxW krky aus
ƒ nIvW idKwvy[
55. ij`Qy cwh au~Qy rwh - jd koeI AwdmI kMm krn dw cwhvwn
hovy qW aus ƒ kMm krn dw rwh imL
hI jWdw hY[
56. ijhVy g`jdy hn auh vrHdy nhIN - bhuqIAW Sy^IAW mwrn vwLy h`QIN kuJ
vI nhIN kr ivKwauNdy[
57. jIvy Awsw mry inrwsw - Aws mr jwvy qW ijMd hI mu`k jWdI hY,
AwsW sdky hI jIvn hY[
58. lwhOr dy SukIn boJy ’c gwjrW - h`Q-p`ly kuJ nw hoxw b`s PokIAW PVHW
mwrnIAW[
59. lwgIAW ny qW lwg lYxw BwvyN jWdI rMfI ho jwvy - imhnq krn vwLy ny qW AwpxI imhnq
lYxI hY BwvyN cIz kMm Awvy jW nw[
60. vwh iksmq dy blIAw - jdoN kMm qW lwB leI kIqw jwvy
ir`DI KIr qy ho igAw dLIAw pr aultw nukswn hI ho jwvy[

AKwx pUrI kro:-

1. sO h`Q.................isry ’qy gMF:
(a) pYsw (A) jl (e) r`sw (s) zor
2. h`QW dIAW id`qIAW.................. nwL KolHxIAW pYNdIAW hn:
(a) zor (A) dMdW (e) CurI (s) pwxI

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 77

 3. h`k prwieAw nwnkw aus..................aus gwie:
(a) sUAr (A) m`J (e) mwswhwrI (s) SwkwhwrI
4. vwh..................dy blIAw ir`DI KIr qy ho igAw dLIAw:
(a) ihMmq (A) imhnq (e) iksmq (s) lgn
5. gMgw geIAW………… kdy nhIN muVdIAW:
(a) imhnqW (A) l`kVW (e) rotIAW (s) h`fIAW

AiBAws
1. ‘koeI kMm krn dw cwhvwn hovy qy aus ƒ kMm imL jwvy’ dy leI iks AKwx dI vrqoN
kIqI jWdI hY:
a. g`l l`K dI Akl k`K dI A. ij`Qy cwh au~Qy rwh
e. Cotw mUMh qy v`fI bwq s. s`p dw b`cw spoLIAw
2. ‘icMqw icKw smwn’ AKwx dw ArQ hY:
a. icMqw B`TI vWgUM ienswn ƒ swVdI hY[ A. icMqw qoN kwmXwbI imldI hY[
e. icMqw sPlqw pRwpq krnw hY[ s. brwbrI leI icMqw zrUrI q`q hY[
3. ‘hMkwrI mnu`K Aksr DoKy KWdw hY’ dy leI iks AKwx dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY:
a. aultI gMgw phwVW ƒ A. gON Bunwvy jON
e. s`p dw b`cw spoLIAw s. hMkwr dw isr nIvW
4. ‘k`lH nwm kwL dw’ AKwx dw ArQ hY:
a. kwL dw nwm k`lH huMdw hY A. k`lH bwry ivcwr crcw
e. k`lH ’qy kMm nhIN C`fxw cwhIdw s. swry kwrj k`lH ’qy pwauxy cwhIdy hn
5. ‘jdoN rKvwly ^ud hI nukswn krn l`g jwx’ dy leI iks AKwx dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY:
a. KyqI ^smW syqI A. aultI vwV Kyq ƒ Kwey
e. cMn cVHy gu`Jy nhIN rihMdy s. hIly irjk bhwny mOq

78 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 muhwvry
sDwrn qOr ’qy AKwxW Aqy muhwvirAW ƒ ie`ko-ijhy smJ ilAw jWdw hY pr ieh dovyN rUp
AwpxIAW ivl`KxqwvW sdkw ie`k-dUjy qoN iBMn hn[ muhwvry qoN Bwv auhnW Sbd-smUhW qoN
hY ijnHW dI vrqoN Bwv ArQW iv`c kIqI jWdI hY nwik SbdI ArQW iv`c[ BwvwrQ kwrdMqk
muhwvry dy AMq iv`c huMdw hY Bwv DwqU dy AMq iv`c xw, nw qy nI Awid vDw ky bxdw hY, ijvyN:
ausqwdI krnI, A`gw suAwrnw qy isr Pyrnw Awid[ muhwvry dI pRivrqI AKwx dy mukwbly
ault huMdI hY[ muhwvirAW ƒ vwkW iv`c vrqx l`igAW vcn, ilMg, purK qy kwl Awid iv`c
qbdIlI vwprdI hY, ijvyN: h`Q t`fxy, h`Q t`fxw, h`Q t`fxy pey Awid[ ikirAw ivclw DwqU
siQr rihMdw hY ikauNik DwqU iv`c AweI qbdIlI ArQW ƒ bdl idMdI hY ies krky DwqU
iv`c pirvrqn nhIN vwprdw, ijvyN: A`g lwauxI (BVkwauxw) Aqy A`g l`gxI (Zu`sy hoxw)[
iehnW ivcly DwqU dy Awpxy-Awpxy ArQ hn ijs krky iehnW iv`c qbdIlI krnw muhwvry
dI pRivrqI dy AnukUl nhIN[ pMjwbI BwSw nwL sMbMiDq kuJ mh`qvpUrn muhwvry hyT ilKy
Anuswr hn :-
1. ausqwdI krnI (clwkI krnI) - gurnwm bhuq clwk hY[ aus dy nwL koeI
ausqwdI nhIN kr skdw[
2. auNgLI krnI (doS lwauxw) – sbUq qoN ibnW iksy v`l auNgLI nhIN krnI
cwhIdI[
3. au~nI-ie`kI dw &rk hoxw (bhuq QoVHw &rk) – gurpRIq Aqy hrpRIq dy nMbrW iv`c au~nI-
ie`kI dw hI &rk hY[
4. au~lU bxwauxw (mUrK bxwauxw) – rOSn hr iksy ƒ au~lU bxwaux dw Xqn
krdw hY[
5. au~cw-nIvW bolxw (v`D-G`t bolxw) - swƒ iksy ƒ vI au~cw-nIvW nhIN bolxw
cwhIdw[
6. A`KW idKwauxw (frwauxw) - cIn hr smyN Bwrq ƒ A`KW idKwauNdw
rihMdw hY[
7. A`KW Ku`lHxIAW (hoS iv`c Awauxw) - &ylH hox ’qy hrdIp dIAW A`KW Ku`lH geIAW[
8. Awpxy mUMhoN mIAW im`TU bxnw - isAwxy kihMdy hn ik Awpxy mUh
M No mIAW im`TU
(AwpxI vifAweI Awp krnI) bxn vwLy qoN bc ky hI rihxw cwhIdw hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 79

 9. A`KW iv`c rVkxw (cMgw nw l`gxw) - dmn ny bljIq ƒ ikhw, “ijhVw ie`k
vwrI myry nwL DoKw kr jwvy, auh ienswn
myrIAW A`KW iv`c rVkdw rihMdw hY[”
10. Akl ig`itAW iv`c hoxw (mUrK hoxw) - kml dI Akl qW ig`itAW iv`c jwpdI hY
ikauNik auh hr smyN mUrKW vwLIAW g`lW
hI krdw rihMdw hY[
11. ie`t nwl ie`t KVkwauxI (qbwh kr dyxw) - bMdw isMG bhwdr ny srihMd dI ie`t
nwL ie`t KVkw id`qI[
12. ie`k A`K nwL vyKxw (sB ƒ ie`k-o ijhw smJxw) – mwpy Awpxy swry b`icAW ƒ ie`k A`K nwL
vyKdy hn[
13. eIn mMnxw (ADIn hoxw) - Bwrq iksy dI vI eIn nhIN mMndw[
14. ie`t-ku`qy dw vYr hoxw (bhuq fUMGw vYr hoxw) – s`p Aqy inELy iv`c ie`t-kuq
` y dw vYr hud
M w hY[
15. eId dw cMd hoxw (icr ip`CoN imLnw) - iv`kI qW eId dw cMd ho igAw hY, kdy
imLdw hI nhIN[
16. ie`ko r`sy Pwhy dyxw - ie`k cMgw pRkwSk swirAW ƒ ie`ko r`sy Pwhy
(cMgy-mMdy nwL ie`ko-ijhw vrqwA krnw) nhIN iMdd
M w hY[
17. is`kw jMmxw (mMinAw-pRmMinAw hoxw) - mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw auhnW dy smyN
iv`c pUrw is`kw jMimAw hoieAw sI[
18. su`K dI nINd sONxw (byi&kr ho ky sONxw) - jgqwr ƒ nOkrI imLn qoN bwAd aus dy
mwqw-ipqw su`K dI nINd sONx l`gy[
19. s`p suMG jwxw (iekdm SWq ho jwxw) - AiDAwpk dy jmwq iv`c pYr DridAW hI
swry b`icAW ƒ ijvyN s`p suMG igAw[
20. sbk isKwauxw (mzw cKwauxw) - rImw ny ie`k Avwrw muMfy ƒ A`j cMgw sbk
isKwieAw, hux auh iksy kuVI ƒ qMg nhIN krygw[
21. h`Q pILy krnw (kuVI dw ivAwh krnw) - rwDy Swm ny iesy mhIny hI AwpxI DI dy
h`Q pILy kIqy hn[
22. h`Q A`fxw (mMgxw) - koeI vI ZYrqmMd AwdmI iksy A`gy
h`Q nhIN A`fdw[

80 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

23. h`Q-pYr mwrnw (koSS krnI) – A`j-k`lH byruzgwrI eynI v`D geI hY ik
bhuq h`Q-pYr mwr ky vI nOjvwnW ƒ nOkrI
nhIN imLdI[
24. h`QW-pYrW dI pY jwxI (Gbrwht hoxI) - Syr ƒ swmHxy dyK ky mYƒ qW h`QW-pYrW dI
pY geI[
25. kMn Brny (cuZlI krnI) - qusIN myry bwry aus dy kMn Br ky cMgw nhIN
kIqw[
26. kMnW dw k`cw hoxw
(suxI-suxweI g`l ’qy ivSvws krnw) - A&sr lok Awm qOr ’qy kMnW dy k`cy hud
M y hn[
27. klm dw DnI hoxw (vDIAw lyKk hoxw) - pRo. mohn isMG qW klm dy DnI sn[
28. ^Un au~bLnw (joS iv`c Awauxw) - Bgq isMG dy ivcwr sux ky aus dy swQIAW
dw ^Un au~bLn l`gdw sI[
29. iKcVI pkwauxI (luk ky slwh krnI) - rmyS qy suSIl pyprW iv`c nkl krn dI
iKcVI pkw rhy sn ik AiDAwpk ny
auhnW dI g`l sux leI[
30. gL ipAw Fol vjwauxw – keI vwr lokW ƒ gL ipAw Fol vjwauxw
(mjbUrI iv`c kMm krnw) hI pYNdw hY[
31. iGE dy dIvy bwlxw (bhuq ^uSI mnwauxI) - rvI dy prdysoN vwps Awaux ’qy aus dI
mW ny iGE dy dIvy bwLy[
32. cMd cwVHnw (koeI mwVw kMm krnw) - suirMdr ny Awpxy Gr corI krky nvW
hI cMd cwVH id`qw[
33. jwn qLI ’qy Drnw - &OjI vIr hmySW AwpxI jwn qLI ’qy Dr
(Awpw vwrn leI iqAwr rihxw) ky dys dI r`iKAw krdy hn[
34. JUT dy phwV auswrny (korw JUT bolxw) - Awpxw kMm k`Fx leI lok JUT dy phwV
auswrn qoN vI nhIN frdy[
35. tky vrgw jvwb dyxw (sw& ienkwr krnw) - jd mYN rwxI koLoN ikqwb mMgI qW aus ny
mYƒ tky vrgw jvwb dy id`qw[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 81

 36. t`krW mwrnw (Btkdy rihxw) - byruzgwrI dy kwrn pVHy-ilKy lok nOkrIAW
vwsqy t`krW mwrdy hn pr iPr vI sPlqw
nhIN imLdI[
37. Tokr KwxI (izMdgI qoN koeI sbk is`Kxw) - kuJ lokW ƒ Tokr Kw ky hI Akl AwauNdI hY[
38. Tokvjw ky vyKxw (dyK-prK lYxw) - BwvyN im`tI dw BWfw hI ^rIdxw hovy pr
pihlW aus ƒ Tok-vjw ky dyK lYxw cwhIdw hY[
39. fMfy vjwauxy (ivhly iPrnw) - rmyS swrw idn fMfy vjwauNdw rihMdw hY
pr koeI kMm nhIN krdw[
40. fu`b mrnw (Srm vwLI g`l hoxw) - AwpxI mwq-BwSw iv`coN &ylH hoxw qW fu`b
mrn vwLI g`l hY[
41. iF`f iv`c cUhy n`cxw (bhuq Bu`K l`gxI) – dupihr dw ie`k v`jidAW hI myry iF`f iv`c
cUhy n`cx l`g jWdy hn qy mYN PtwPt Kwxw
Kwx dI krdw hW[
42. iq`qr ho jwxw (B`j jwxw) - puls dy Cwpw mwrn auprMq sB juAwrI
iq`qr ho gey[
43. qLI grm krnw (irSvq dyxI) - A`j dy Xu`g iv`c koeI vI kMm A&srW dI
qLI grm kIqy ibnW nhIN huMdw[
44. Qu`k ky c`txw (ibAwn krky mu`kr jwxw) – ijhVy bMdy Qu`k ky c`tdy hn, koeI vI auhnW
au~qy ivSvws nhIN krdw[
45. Qr-Qr kMbxw (fr nwL kMbxw) – ipqw jI dy h`Q iv`c fMfw dyK ky gurpwl
Qr-Qr kMbx l`gw[
46. dsW nhuMAW dI ikrq krnw – swƒ hmySW dsW nhuMAW dI ikrq krky hI
(imhnq dI kmweI krnw) guzwrw krnw cwhIdw hY[
47. do h`Q krnw (mukwblw krnw) - cMgw jIvn ijaUNx leI musIbqW nwL do
h`Q krny hI pYNdy hn[
48. dwL iv`c kuJ kwLw hoxw (S`k hoxw) - mW dy mrn’qy vI suMdr nhIN phuMicAw,
mYƒ qW dwL iv`c kuJ kwLw l`gdw hY[

82 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

49. idn rwq ie`k krnw - mndIp ny Awpxy vpwr ƒ A`gy vDwaux
(bhuq imhnq krnI) leI idn-rwq ie`k kr id`qw[
50. D`kw krnw (vDIkI krnI) - kmzorW nwL D`kw krnw cMgw nhIN huMdw[
51. DuMm pw dyxI (pRis`D ho jwxw) - rmyS ny borf dy ieimqhwn iv`coN A`vl Aw
ky cwry pwsy DuMmW pw id`qIAW[
52. n`k r`Kxw (ie`zq r`KxI) - DonI ny ikRkt iv`c sYNkVw bxw ky AwpxI
tIm dI n`k r`K leI[
53. n`k nwL lkIrW k`FxIAW (qobw krnI) - rmyS ny Awpxy ipqw A`gy n`k nwL lkIrW
k`F ky ikhw ik auh hux kdy nSw nhIN krygw[
54. pwpV vylxy (kw&I jqn krny ) – suMdr ƒ cpVwsI dI nOkrI lYx leI vI
keI qrHW dy pwpV vylxy pey[
55. p`g vtwauxw (Drm dw Brw bxnw) - gurdyv Aqy suKdyv dovyN p`g-v`t Brw hn
pr auhnW iv`c sky BrwvW qoN vI v`D
ipAwr hY[
56. bLdI au~qy qyl pwauxw (JgVw vDwauxw) - sunIqw qy Amn dI pihlW hI nhIN bxdI
qy qusIN vwDU dIAW g`lW krky bLdI ’qy
qyl hI pwieAw hY[
57. rMg au~f jwxw (Gbrw jwxw) – ienkm-tYks dy A&srW ƒ Awpxy Gr
Awey dyK ky kuldIp dw rMg au~f igAw[
58. lohw lwKw hoxw (bhuq gu`sy hoxw) - jdoN gurnwm dy ipqw jI ƒ pqw l`gw ik
auh nSw krky AwieAw hY qW auh iekdm
lohy-lwKy ho gey[
59. vwsqy pwauxw (imMnqW krnIAW) - mYN Awpxy mwqw jI ƒ bhuq vwsqy pwey ik
Cu`tIAW iv`c do idn mwsI koL rihx idE
pr auhnW myrI ie`k nw suxI[
60. vwL ivMgw nw hoxw (kuJ nw ivgwV skxw) - ijs mnuK` au~qy r`b dIAW imhrW hud
M IAW hn,
aus dw koeI vwL vI ivMgw nhIN kr skdw[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 83

 AiBAws

1. ‘s`p sMuG jwxw’ muhwvry dw ArQ hY:

(a) ipAws l`gxw (A) mr jwxw
(e) swh nw Awauxw (s) iekdm SWq hoxw
2. ‘kMn Brny’ muhwvry ƒ vrq ky bxwieAw shI vwk hY:
(a) qusIN myry bwry AiDAwpk dy kMn Br ky cMgw nhIN kIqw[
(A) ArS ivdyS qoN kMn Brn dw ifplomw kr ky AwieAw hY[
(e) ijhVw kMn Brdw hY, auh izMdgI iv`c bhuq kwmXwb huMdw hY[
(s) mYN dvweI ies krky nhIN pweI ikauNik myry kMn pihlW hI Bry hoey sn[
3. ‘A`KW iv`c rVkxw’ muhwvry dw ArQ hY:
(a) A`KW lwl hoxw (A) A`KW iv`c im`tI pYxw
(e) gu`sy hoxw (s) cMgw nw l`gxw
4. ‘fUMGw vYr hoxw’ leI iks muhwvry dI vrqoN huMdI hY?
(a) gulCry aufwauxy (A) KOrU pwauxw
(e) ie`t dw jvwb p`Qr nwL dyxw (s) ie`t-ku`qy dw vYr hoxw
5. ‘isr Pyrnw’ muhwvry ƒ vrq ky bxwieAw shI vwk hY:
(a) cMgy suBwA dw ienswn hr kMm leI isr Pyrnw jwxdw hY[
(A) muMfw C`q qoN ifg ky isr Pyr igAw[
(e) i&lm dyKidAW AwkwS ny isr Pyr ilAw[
(s) jdoN mYN hrmIq koLoN ikqwb mMgI qW aus ny isr Pyr id`qw[

Agyqr
Agyqr auh SbdWS huMdw hY jo iksy mUl Sbd dy A`gy l`g ky aus dw ArQ bdl idMdw hY[
ies dy sMbMD iv`c ieh iDAwn r`Kxw zrUrI hY ik Agyqr hmySW swrQk SbdW nwL hI l`gdw
hY, inrwrQk nwL nhIN[ Bwv Agyqr Sbd htw dyx nwL ip`Cy swrQk Sbd dw bcxw zrUrI
hY ijvyN ‘ku’ Agyqr qoN ‘kukrm’ Sbd bxdw hY ijs iv`c ‘krm’ Sbd swrQk hY inrwrQk
nhIN[ AgyqrW dIAW kuJ audwhrnW hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:

84 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

Agyqr Sbd Agyqr-Xukq Sbd
au auQ`lxw, aulMGxw, aul`dxw

aup (Cotw) aupnwm, aupmMqrI, aupbolI

aux (G`t) aux`qI, auxqwLI, auxwsI

A (nWh vwck) Ak`Q, Akih, AsPl, Aij`q, AsmrQ, AnwQ[

Ax (nWh vwck) Axigxq, AxhoNd, AxQ`k, Axif`T[

Ap (burw) ApSgn, Apmwn, ApkIrq, ApSbd

A`D (A`Dw) ADmoieAw, ADp`ikAw, ADrMg, ADvwty

s/ su (cMgw) suc`jw, srUp, suBwg, sugMD

sb (Cotw) sb-j`j, sb-kmytI, sb-ieMspY~ktr

sih (nwL) sihpwTI, sihXog, sihmq
sM (brwbr, cMgI qHrW) sMjog, sMpUrn, sMivDwn, sMgTn
sÍ, sÍY (Awpxw) sÍYruzgwr, sÍYjIvnI, sÍwDIn, sÍYmwx

Swh (v`fw) Swhkwr, Swhrwh, Swhsvwr, Swh^rc

hm (brwbr, cMgI qrHW) hmrwz, hmrwhI, hmaumr, hmdrd, hmSkl
ku (burw) kukrm, kuc`j, kusMg

km(QHoVw) kmzor, km-Akl, kmidl

ZYr (ibgwnw) ZYrkƒnI, ZYrsrkwrI, ZYrrsmI, ZYrhwzr

^uS (cMgw) ^uSidl, ^uSiksmq, ^uSqbIAq, ^uSbo

cu (cwr) cukMnw, cuigrdw, cuPyrw, cuAwnI

cO (cwr) cOpeI, cOmuKI, cOrs, cOkVI

dur (burw) durgMD, durGtnw, durdSw, durjn, durgq

du (do) dubwrw, dumUMhIN, duv`lw
in (nWhvwck) inkMmw, ingurw, inqwxw, infr, inDVk

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 85

 inS (ibnW) inSkpt, inSkwm, inSicMq
inh (ibnW) inhcl, inhPl, inhklMk

nw (ibnW) nwmnzUr, nwlwiek, nwmurwd, nw^uS

pR (v`fw, cMgI qrHW) pRbl, pRcilq, pRis`D
pr (prwieAw) prdys, prqMqr, praupkwr, prlok
mhw (v`fw) mhwqmw, mhwrwj, mhwrwxI, mhwjn[
mhW (v`fw) mhWpurK, mhWividAwlw, mhWkwl[

bw (sxy) bwAdb , bwie`zq, bwrOxk, bwAsUl

pV (ie`k drjw pry) pVdwdw, pVnwnw, pVpoqw, pVC`qI
by (ibnW) byeImwn , byprvwh ,byksUr , bygunwh
bd (burw) bdSkl, bdnwm, bdsUrq, bdAsIs, bdbo
lw (ibnW) lwjvwb, lwpqw, lwprvwh, lwielwj
iv (ibnW) ivArQ, ivjog, ivcwrw
iv (^ws, bhuq) ivigAwn, ivnwS

AiBAws
1. hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw Sbd Agyqr l`g ky bixAw hY?
a. bwlk A. bwbw e. bwie`zq s. bwhr
2. ikhVw Sbd Agyqr l`g ky nhIN bixAw?
a. sbzI A. sPl e. spu`qr s. sic`qr
3. ‘by’ Agyqr l`g ky bixAw shI Sbd cuxo:
a. byAMq A. bygm e. btyw s. bynqI

86 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 ipCyqr
ipCyqr auh SbdWS huMdw hY jo iksy mUl Sbd dy ip`Cy l`g ky aus dw ArQ bdl idMdw hY[ ies
dy sMbMD iv`c ieh iDAwn r`Kxw zrUrI hY ik ipCyqr hmySW swrQk SbdW nwL hI l`gdw hY,
inrwrQk nwL nhIN[ Bwv ipCyqr Sbd htw dyx nwL ip`Cy swrQk Sbd dw bcxw zrUrI hY,
ijvyN: ‘s’ ipCyqr qoN ‘Ktws, imTws Sbd bxdy hn ijnHW iv`c ‘K`tw qy im`Tw’ Sbd swrQk
hn inrwrQk nhIN[ ipCyqrW dIAW kuJ audwhrnW hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:

ipCyqr ipCyqr-Xukq Sbd

dulYNkV (=) aujwVU, isAwLU
kMnw Aqy vt (-) AwkL, SrmwkL, frwkL

ibhwrI auswrI, GUrI

kMnw s`cw, TMFw, JUTw
kMnw Aqy nI ijsmwnI, br&wnI, qu&wnI
eIlw SrmIlw, rMgIlw, BVkIlw, juSIlw
eyrw mutyrw, lutyrw, cMgyrw[
s Ktws, imTws
swz GVIswz, ijldswz, jwlHswz
sqwn pwiksqwn, ihMdusqwn, kbrsqwn, A&gwinsqwn
hwr hoxhwr, pwlxhwr, r`Kxhwr, isrjxhwr
hIx krmhIx, blhIx, DnhIx, rUphIx
kwrI PulkwrI, AwigAwkwrI, ic`qrkwrI, guxkwrI
kwr ic`qrkwr, klwkwr, Swhkwr, p`qrkwr
gIr rwhgIr, AwlmgIr, idlgIr
gwr Xwdgwr, mddgwr, gunwhgwr
cwrI lokwcwrI, prwhuxcwrI, krmcwrI

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 87

 cI ^zwncI, qopcI, mSwlcI, inSwncI
xw Gtxw, Kwxw, pIxw, sONxw, vyKxw
xI sMqxI, ntxI, rihxI, bihxI, q`kxI
nw krnw, jwxnw, pCwxnw, suxnw

nI krnI, BrnI, jwdUgrnI, &kIrnI

q sMgq, rMgq, ApMgq

qw mMgqw, im`qrqw, suMdrqw, mUrKqw

qweI im`qrqweI, mUrKqweI, ivSySqweI
dwr jmwdwr, cOkIdwr, Tykydwr
dwn roSndwn, Pu`ldwn, ^wndwn
px bcpx, BoLwpx, vf`px, bwlpx
bwn imhrbwn, ingHwbwn, bwZbwn
bwz cwlbwz, DoKybwz, jUeybwz, jMgbwz
mwr cUhymwr, m`Crmwr, icVImwr, nVImwr
mMd AklmMd, i&krmMd, AihswnmMd
mwn bu`DImwn, mUrqImwn, SkqImwn
L iF`fL, h`QL, j`qL
lU SrDwlU, idAwlU, eIrKwlU
lw Aglw, ipClw, lwflw, A^Irlw
dwiek is`iKAwdwiek, suKdwiek, lwBdwiek
vr qwkqvr, nwmvr, jwnvr, zorwvr
Awvt sjwvt, Pulwvt, rukwvt, imLwvt
vwn blvwn, rQvwn, kocvwn
vwl koqvwl, BweIvwl, mhINvwl

88 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

V Bu`KV, Cu`tV, D`kV
Vw b`cVw, crKVw, buFVw
VI sMdUkVI, buFVI, koTVI

AiBAws

1. ‘AwxI’ Sbd ipCyqr l`g ky bixAw hY:

(a) pwxI (A) bwxI (e) rwxI (s) pMfqwxI
2. ikhVw Sbd ipCyqr l`g ky nhIN bixAw:
(a) TykydwrI (A) v&wdwrI (e) g`dwrI (s) dunIAwdwrI
3. ‘eI’ ipCyqr vwLw shI Sbd ikhVw hY:
(a) ZrIbI (A) inmwxI (e) rMgIn (s) sMgIn
4. ‘dulYNkV’ ipCyqr vwLw shI Sbd ikhVw hY:
(a) aujwVU (A) gwaux (e) cmqkwrI (s) Ktws
5. ‘eIn’ Sbd dw shI ipCyqr ikhVw hY:
(a) sjwvt (A) mlIn (e) BVkIlw (s) rMgIlw

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 89

 pYrw-rcnw
iksy ivSy au~qy G`t SbdW iv`c v`fI g`l kridAW ie`k pYry dI rcnw krn ƒ pYrw-rcnw
ikhw jWdw hY[ auN\ qW swihq dy Kyqr iv`c kivqw qoN Cu`t lyK, khwxI, nwvl qy nwtk ƒ
iliKAw hI pYirAW iv`c jWdw hY pr ie`Qy pYrw-rcnw dw ArQ suqMqr qOr ’qy ie`k pYry dI
rcnw krnw hY[ pYrw-rcnw dw ivSw koeI vI ho skdw hY Aqy aus ivSy au~qy lyK, pusqk jW
gRMQ dI isrjxw kIqI jw skdI hY pr ie`Qy ivsqwr nhIN sMKyp rihMidAW hoieAW ‘gwgr iv`c
swgr Brn’ dw kwrj mUl hY[
pYry dw Awkwr sIimq hox krky ies iv`c iksy ivSy bwry bhuqw kuJ nhIN iliKAw jw skdw,
qW vI ilKx vwLy dw hunr ies g`l iv`c hY ik pYrw ADUrw nw jwpy[ cMgI pYrw-rcnw auh hI hY
ijs iv`c koeI g`l srl Aqy smr`Q FMg nwL khI jWdI hY, nwL hI ieh FMg pRBwvSwlI vI hoxw
cwhIdw hY[ pYry dw pRBwv FukvyN SbdW, luVINdy muhwvirAW, AKwauqW Awid dI suc`jI vrqoN nwL
vDdw hY pr ieh vI qd hI pRBwvSwlI ho skdy hn jy Sbd-joV, vwk-bxqr qy ivsrwm-icMnHW
dI vrqoN shI FMg nwL kIqI geI hovy[ jykr ividAwrQI auprokq g`lW ƒ iDAwn iv`c r`Kx qW
XkInn ie`k vDIAw pYrw ilK skdy hn[ ividAwrQI pYrw ilKx qoN bwAd, aus ƒ ie`k vwr
zrUr pVHn qWjo ZlqIAW ƒ suDwr ky rcnw ƒ hor vDIAw bxwieAw jw sky[ ividAwrQIAW dy
AiBAws qy smJ leI pYrw-rcnw dy kuJ nmUny hyTW id`qy jw rhy hn[

sw&-s&weI dw mh`qv
Gr vWg skUl iv`c vI s&weI bVI zrUrI hY[ skUl iv`c kUVw-krkt vDyry krky pwty hoey
kwZzW Awid dw hI huMdw hY ies leI jy hr ividAwrQI Aijhw kUVw-krkt iKlwrn qoN sMkoc
kry qW gMdgI bhuq G`t PYlygI[ kuJ im`tI-G`tw qyz hvw c`lx nwL huMdw hY ijs leI hr
roz s&weI dI loV hY[ Awm skUlW iv`c ie`k s&weI-syvk huMdw hY[ cMgy skUlW iv`c s&weI
dw kuJ kMm ividAwrQIAW koLoN vI krvwieAw jWdw hY[ ies qrHW auhnW ƒ AwpxI s&weI
Awp krn dI jwc AwauNdI hY[ keIAW skUlW iv`c v`K-v`K SRyxIAW dy s&weI-mukwbly huMdy
hn ies leI hr SRyxI dy ividAwrQI Awpxy AwLy-duAwLy ƒ ie`k pwsy G`t gMdw krn Aqy
dUjy pwsy sw& r`Kx dI pUrI koSS krdy hn[

myL-joL
myL-joL dI Bwvnw smwj dI buinAwd huMdI hY[ myL-joL qoN ibnW iksy smwj dI klpnw
vI nhIN kIqI jw skdI[ myL-joL dI Bwvnw pirvwr qoN hI ivkisq huMdI hY[ pirvwr dy
mYNbrW dw rL ky kMm inbyVnw, ie`k-dUjy dI ^uSI Aqy du`K ƒ Awpxw smJxw, ies Bwvnw ƒ

90 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

pRPuilq krdw hY[ koeI vI mnu`K eynw Xog nhIN ik auh iek`lw izMdgI dw AnMd lY sky[ swfy
s`iBAwcwr iv`c myly, iqauhwr Aqy smu`cy rsm-irvwj myL-joL dy bhuq swry mOky pRdwn krdy
hn[ isAwixAW dy kQn ‘h`Q ƒ h`Q DoNdw hY’ Aqy ‘bMdw hI bMdy dw dwrU hY’, myL-joL dy
mh`qv ƒ idRVH krvwauNdy hn[ myL-joL dunIAw dy ivkws dw AwDwr hY[ hr ie`k ƒ hr QW ‘qy
iksy nw iksy dy sihXog qy myL-joL dI loV pYNdI hY[ myL-joL dI, izMdgI dy in`jI, smwijk,
AwriQk Aqy rwjnIiqk Awid hr Kyqr iv`c loV hY[ Ajoky smyN iv`c myL-joL dw AwDwr
pYsw Aqy pdwrQ bx irhw hY[ Aijhw myL-joL sÍwrQI ihqW dI pUrqI leI huMdw hY ies leI
ieh bhuqw icr nhIN inBdw pr mwnvqw-AwDwirq myL-joL sdIvI Aqy srb-ivAwpk hY[

post-mwstr
post-mwstr swfy jIvn dy hr Kyqr iv`c mh`qvpUrn sQwn r`Kdw hY[ auh in`jI, vpwirk,
srkwrI ic`TIAW, pwrsl, rijstrIAW Aqy mnIAwrfr Awpxy &rzW dI kuqwhI kIqy ibnW
quhwfy h`QW iv`c phuMcwauNdw hY[ A`j dw Xu`g ivigAwn dw Xu`g hY ijs iv`c sunyhw phuMcwaux
leI tYlIPUn, tYlIipRMtr, &Yks, mobweIl &on Aqy ieMtrnY`t dI vrqoN rwhIN sunyhy J`t-p`t
phuMc jWdy hn pr fwkIey dw mh`qv iPr vI ijauN dw iqauN hI bixAw hoieAw hY[ ieh
Kyqr hux isr& mrdW leI hI rwKvW nhIN, hux cMfIgVH vrgy v`fy SihrW AMdr AOrqW vI
fwkIey dI nOkrI krn qoN nhIN GbrwauNdIAW[ post-mwstr dI puSwk iv`c AOrq bhuq hI
PurqIlI Aqy imhnqI jwpdI hY[ post-mwstr ie`k srkwrI mulwzm hY Aqy purwxy smyN qoN hI
sweIkl au~qy fwk vMfx dw kMm krdw Aw irhw hY[ aus leI ZrIb, AmIr Aqy hr Awm-
^ws ivAkqI ie`ko-ijMnI AihmIAq (mh`qv) r`Kdy hn[ A`j pRweIvyt kMpnIAW duAwrw BwvyN
korIAr srivs clweI jw rhI hY pr bdldy Xu`g iv`c post-mwstr dI GMtI dw ieMqzwr
Ajy vI hY[ ies dw ik`qw bhuq hI iemwndwrI vwLw hY jo sBnW ƒ ^uSI idMdw hY[

swJ krIjY guxh kyrI

ieh pUrI quk ies pRkwr hY : swJ krIjY guxh kyrI Coif Avgux clIAY] ies quk iv`c gurU
nwnk dyv jI mnu`K ƒ sunyhw idMdy hn ik swƒ dUijAW dy guxW nwL sWJ pwauxI cwhIdI hY Aqy
auhnW dy AOgxW ƒ nhIN icqwrnw cwhIdw[ dUijAW dy guxW nwL sWJ pw ky AsIN ij`Qy auhnW
nwL smwijk qOr ’qy juV jWdy hW, au~Qy auhnW dy guxW ƒ gRihx kr ky Awp vI AnykW guxW
nwL AmIr huMdy hW[ smwj iv`c dUijAW dy guxW dI sWJ prspr pRsMsw dy Bwv pYdw krdI hY[
qd iksy ƒ r`d krn jW iksy ƒ n&rq krn dI koeI guMjwieS nhIN rihMdI[ hr mnu`K iv`c
cMigAweIAW-burweIAW dovyN huMdIAW hn[ swƒ kyvl cMigAweIAW ƒ vDwaux v`l ruicq hoxw
cwhIdw hY[ ieh jIvn pRiq hWvwcI idRStIkox hY[ ies Anuswr c`ilAW swry mnu`K Awps iv`c
nw kyvl ipAwr nwL rihxgy sgoN auhnW iv`c idno-idn mwnvI guxW dw ivkws vI hovygw[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 91

 pOSitk Awhwr
pOSitk Awhwr auh hud M w hY ijs iv`c mnuK
` dy srIr ƒ irSt-puSt r`Kx leI luVINdy swry q`q
hox[ hr ivAkqI leI, ^ws krky b`icAW leI pOSitk Awhwr dI bhuq loV hY[ Awm KwDI jWdI
^urwk pOSitk nhIN hud M I[ ies dy keI kwrn ho skdy hn[ ie`k kwrn ies p`K bwry AigAwnqw
ho skdw hY[ dUjw kwrn pOSitk Awhwr hwsl krn dI AsmrQw ho skdw hY[ qIjw kwrn Kwx-
pIx sMbD M I Zlq AwdqW ho skdw hY[ pOSitk Awhwr iv`c kwrbohweIfRt y , pRt
o In, iBMn-iBMn pRkwr
dy ivtwimn, Kixj Awid q`q hud M y hn[ ieh swry q`q AnwjW, dwLW, sbzIAW, PLW, duD ` Awid qoN
pRwpq hudM y hn[ Bojn pkwaux Aqy aus ƒ sWBx dy qrIikAW ’qy vI iehnW q`qW dI sMBwL inrBr
hud
M I hY[ TIk ^urwk bwry cMgI qrHW jwxkwrI ividAwrQI jIvn iv`c hI imL jwxI cwhIdI hY[
hor vI cMgw hovy jy pOSitk Awhwr bwry mwipAW ƒ TIk jwxkwrI hov[ y

iemiqhwn dI GVI
swrw swl aufIkidAW AMq ƒ iemiqhwn dyx dw smW Aw hI jWdw hY[ idn-rwq kIqI imhnq,
iemiqhwn leI iqAwr kIqy not Aqy AiDAwpkW dIAW smJweIAW g`lW Awid sB ƒ prKy
jwx dI GVI Aw jWdI hY[ ividAwrQI iemiqhwn-kyNdr A`gy byqwb ho ky KVHy huMdy hn[ ies
smyN ie`k pwsy qO^lw huMdw hY ik prcw pqw nhIN ikho-ijhw Awvygw[ dUjy pwsy Awpxw hux
q`k dw piVHAw Xwd r`Kx dI koSS huMdI hY qWjo mOky-dy-mOky kuJ Bu`l nw jwvy[ ieh vI fr
huMdw hY ik ikqy prcw pVHy-pVHwey qoN bwhroN nw Aw jwvy[ ijnHW ny swl Br imhnq kIqI huMdI
hY, auhnW iv`c bVw Awqm-ivSvws huMdw hY[ dUjy bMny ijhVy hmySW imhnq qoN kMnI kqrwauNdy
rhy huMdy hn, auh iemiqhwn dI GVI prwey AwsirAW v`l q`kdy hn[ iemiqhwn qoN pihlW
dy ieh kuJ imMt bVI bykrwrI vwLy huMdy hn[ ies QoVHy ijhy smyN iv`c ividAwrQIAW dy mnW
iv`coN sYNkVy hI rLy-imLy i^Awl lMGdy hn[

syvw dI lgn
fw. hrkIrq isMG swfy ipMf dw ie`k AgWhvDU nOjvwn hY[ aus dI aumr lg-pg 30 swl
hY[ auh swfy ipMf dI srkwrI ifspYNsrI iv`c fwktr l`igAw hoieAw hY[ swfy ipMf dy ijhVy
lVky pVH-ilK ky au~cy AhuidAW ’qy phuMcy hn, auhnW iv`coN bhuqy Sihr iv`c jw ky rihx l`gy
hn pr fw. hrkIrq isMG ny Awpxy ipMf hI rihx Aqy syvw krn ƒ pihl id`qI hY[ ies nwL
swfw ipMf JoLw-Cwp fwktrW qoN mukq ho igAw hY[ lokW ƒ ipMf iv`c hI vDIAw ishq-shUlqW
imLn l`gIAW hn[ fw. hrkIrq isMG smwj-syvI sMsQwvW dI mdd nwL smyN-smyN ipMf iv`c
fwktrI cỲk-A`p kYNp vI lgvwauNdw rihMdw hY[ auh ipMf dy lokW ƒ smwijk burweIAW sMbMDI
vI jwgrUk krdw hY[ swfy ipMf iv`coN Srwb dw Tykw cukvwaux iv`c aus dI Aihm BUimkw rhI

92 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

hY[ auh ipMf dy nOjvwnW ƒ h`QIN kMm krn, niSAW qoN bc ky rihx Aqy smwj-syvw krn leI
pRyrdw hY[ Swm ƒ s`Q iv`c bYTw, auh sihjy hI ipMf dy suDwr dw koeI nw koeI mùdw Coh lYNdw
hY[ swry aus dI g`l iDAwn nwL suxdy hn Aqy aus dy khy au~qy Aml vI krdy hn[ auh AMqW
dw inmr Aqy imTbolVw hY[ auh swfy swry ipMf ’coN sB qoN v`D syvw-Bwvnw vwLw nOjvwn hY[

vkq dI kdr
jIvn iv`c sPlqw dy buinAwdI inXmW iv`coN ie`k hY : vkq dI kdr krnw[ ies dw ArQ
hY ik jy AsIN iksy ƒ imLn dw smW id`qw hovy jW koeI kMm krn dw smW inSicq kIqw hovy
qW aus smyN ’qy pUrw au~qirAw jwvy[ vkq dI kdr krn dy ivAkqIgq lwB vI hn Aqy
smwijk vI[ ies Anuswr smyN ƒ ivENqb`D FMg nwL bqIq kIqw jWdw hY[ kIqy jwx vwLy
kMmW ƒ krn iv`c auLJx nhIN pYNdI[ smW vI nSt hoxoN bc jWdw hY[ dUjy pwsy, swfy nwL
vwh pYx vwiLAW ƒ vI lwB huMdw hY[ auhnW ƒ swfI byloVI aufIk nhIN krnI pYNdI jW swfy
dyr nwL phuMcx ‘qy prySwnI nhIN huMdI[ auN\ vI ijhVw mnu`K vkq dI kdr krdw hY, auh
vDyry BrosyXog huMdw hY[ aus dy ies gux qoN aus dy in`gr Awcrn dI Jlk pYNdI hY[ dunIAw
dy mhwn purK hmySW vkq dI kdr krdy rhy hn[ auhnW dw hr ie`k iCx kImqI huMdw hY[

ZrIbI qoN is`iKAw

ie`k vwrI pMjwbI dy pRis`D lyKk fw. tI.Awr. Srmw pMj hor AiDAwpkW nwL qwrwdyvI ivKy
skwaUitMg dw kors krn jw rhy sn[ rsqy iv`c auhnW dI mulwkwq fwktr rwDw ikRSnn
nwL kwlkw rylvy stySn ’qy ho geI[ auhnW idnW iv`c auh auprwStrpqI sn[ auhnW dI
cyAr-kwr, ijs iv`c bYT ky auhnW iSmly jwxw sI, qknIkI ^rwbI krky kuJ dyrI nwL jwxI
sI[ sRI rwDw ikRSnn iek`ly hI plyt&wrm ’qy KVHy sn[ auhnW koLoN pu`C ky swry AiDAwpk
auhnW koL cly gey[ auhnW dy pu`Cx ‘qy swry AiDAwpkW ny ikhw ik auh pVHwauNdy hn[ auhnW
mzwk nwL auhnW ƒ ikhw-qusIN pVHwauNdy ho pr mYN Ajy is`Kdw hI hW, pVHdw hI hW[ ie`k
AiDAwpk ny ikhw - jI, ZrIbI lwhnq hY[ mYN kyvl jy.bI.tI. hI kr sikAw hW, ZrIbI
ny mYƒ A`gy nhIN pVHn id`qw[ auhnW ny AwpxI ie`k khwxI suxwauNidAW ikhw, “myrI mW ny
ie`k idn mYƒ ikhw-bytw ikRSnn, mYN cwvl bxw id`qy hn qy dwL vI pr A`j swfy Gr pMj
pYsy vI nhIN hn ijnHW nwL mYN cwvl prosx leI kyly dy p`qy ^rId skW[” ieh kihMidAW
mW dIAW A`KW iv`coN A`QrU tpkx l`g pey [ audoN bwl rwDw ikRSnn ny bwltI pwxI dI lY ky
rsoeI dy &rS ƒ do-iqMn vwr cMgI qrHW sw& kIqw qy mW ƒ ikhw ik auh &rS au~qy hI cwvl
pros dyx[ mW s`q idn lgwqwr ies qrHW hI krdI rhI[ fwktr swihb ny smJwieAw ik
ZrIbI v`loN isKwey sbk im`Ty Aqy lwhyvMd huMdy hn[ ijs ZrIbI ƒ lwhnq kihMdy hn, aus
ƒ s^q imhnq nwL vrdwn vI bxwieAw jw skdw hY[

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 93

 imhnq Arogqw dI inSwnI
ijs srIr ny kdy KycL, imhnq qy kSt dw mUMh nhIN vyiKAw, aus iv`c brkq qy rOxk ikvyN ho
skdI hY? ijs ibrK ƒ nw Pùl hY, nw PL hY, nw aus dI TMFI CW hY, Awm krky auh bwlx bxw
ky cùlHy iv`c PUk id`qw jWdw hY[ mnùKI srIr kMm leI bixAw hY[ kMm nw krnw srIr dy gux
ƒ AkwrQ guAwauxw hY[ kOx mùkr skdw hY, ies g`loN ik ijhVw srIr muS`kq iv`c nhIN pYNdw,
kdy Arog nhIN rih skdw[ ie`k pwsy lok h`QIN kMm krn qoN B`jdy hn qy dUsry pwsy srIr ƒ
TIk r`Kx leI ksrq krdy hn joik ivhlw kMm hY, ie`k qrHW dw mIsxwpx hY : zor qy smW,
ijs nwL kuJ dOlq rcI jw skdI hY, aus ƒ dUijAW leI vrqx dI QW ^ws Awpxy bxwautI
sÍwrQ leI vrqxw[ srIr jo kMm nhIN krdw, kudrq qoN au~kw ivrùD hY ikauNik kMm hI srIr
dy swry AMgW ƒ A`CI qrHW kudrqI ihl-jul iv`c pw ky Arog, suMdr qy sufOl r`K skdw hY[

jIvn dw Asl mksd

sMvydnSIl mnùK ny Bwvk ho ky gulwb dy Pùl ƒ pùiCAw : jdoN koeI quhwƒ bUty qoN qoV lYNdw hY:
p`q-p`q A`f kr ky pYrW dI im`tI iv`c roL dyNdw hY qW kI qusIN duKI nhIN huMdy? gulwb ny ikhw
swfw mksd hY, ^UbsUrqI vMfxw[ keI lokW dw suBwA hY ^UbsUrqI dw nws krnw[ AsIN Awpxw
mksd jwxdy hW, auh Awpxw jwxn[ Aijhy bMidAW nwL swfw koeI lYx-dyx nhIN[ mnùK dI
qs`lI ijhI ho geI[ iPr aus dw iDAwn iqqlI v`l igAw[ aus ny pùiCAw :jdoN b`cy quhwƒ
pkV lYNdy hn, quhwfy KMB qoV dyNdy hn qW kI quhwƒ Zùsw nhIN AwauNdw? “nhIN, hrigz nhIN”,
iqqlI ny ikhw[ b`icAW Aqy hornW bMidAW dI izMdgI ƒ ruSnwauxw hI swfw kMm hY[ jdoN koeI
b`cw swƒ pkVn dI koSS krdw hY, AsIN QoVHw ijMnw au~f ky bcx dw nwtk krdIAW hW[
b`icAW koLoN dUr nhIN jWdIAW[ AsIN pkVweI dy dyNdIAW hW, ijvyN Pùl krdy hn[ b`cy, jo BoLy
huMdy hn Aqy AigAwnqw nwL swfy KMB qoV dyNdy hn, AsIN mr jWdIAW hW swƒ iksy nwL koeI
iglw nhIN huMdw[ ijvyN PùlW dIAW p`qIAW pYrW hyT ruL jWdIAW hn, swfy KMB vI pYrW dI im`tI
hyT ruL jWdy hn[ PùlW dI jIvn-Xwqrw pUrI ho jWdI hY qy swfI vI[ dovyN Awpxw mksd pUrw
krn iv`c sPl ho jWdy hn[ gulwb qy iqqlI qoN aus ny izMdgI iv`c pihlI vwr mksd dI
AihmIAq ƒ smiJAw ik mksd dI pUrqI iv`c mOq AiV`kw nhIN bxnI cwhIdI[

‘ividAw vIcwrI qW praupkwrI’

AijhI koeI sm`isAw nhIN ijhVI iv`idAw duAwrw suLJweI nw jw sky[ iv`idAw ie`k AijhI
kuMjI hY jo hr muSkl-rUpI ijMdry ƒ KolH skdI hY[ pr ieh qW hI sMBv hY jykr AsIN TIk
FMg dI iv`idAw pRwpq krIey[ ijhVI is`iKAw vyLy dy smwj nwloN tu`tI hovygI, auh swfw Blw
nhIN kr skdI[ smwijk burweIAW dUr krn leI vI TIk FMg vwLI is`iKAw hI kMm AwauNdI

94 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

hY[ is`iKAw ivSwl Aqy srb`q dy Bly leI hI hovy[ swfIAW bhuq swrIAW sm`isAwvW ieho-
ijhIAW hn jo kyvl AigAwnqw Aqy AnpVHqw kwrn hI hn, ijvyN: CUq-Cwq, iesqrI dI
dSw, bwl-ivAwh, BrUx-h`iqAw Aqy vD rhI AbwdI dIAW sm`isAwvW Awid kuJ AijhIAW
sm`isAwvW hn jo AMD-ivSvws krky hI c`lIAW AwauNdIAW hn[ AsIN vyK rhy hW ik ijvyN-
ijvyN iv`idAw dw cwnx vD irhw hY, ieh sm`isAwvW iqvyN-iqvyN GtdIAW jw rhIAW hn[
ijhVIAW QWvW ’qy iv`idAw sMkIrn Aqy Zlq FMg dI hY, au~Qy auh sm`isAwvW ƒ suLJwaux
iv`c sPl nhIN ho skI[ ies leI zrUrI hY ik AsIN AwpxI is`iKAw-pRnwLI ƒ smwijk,
AwriQk, s`iBAwcwirk Aqy sMbMiDq vwqwvrn nwL joVn leI XqnSIl hoeIey[

mwq-BwSw
mwq-BwSw dI is`iKAw qoN bZYr koeI ividAwrQI is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c isKrW nhIN CUh skdw[
auh swrI aumr lMgVw ky qurdw hY Aqy Awpxy pYrW ’qyy is`Dw KVHw nhIN ho skdw[ mwq-BwSw
ivcwrW ƒ pRgtwaux dw ie`ko-ie`k au~qm swDn hY[ ieho kwrn hY ik ivdvwnW ny mwq-BwSw ƒ
hI is`iKAw dyx dw Xog Aqy shI mwiDAm mMinAw hY[ iksy dUjI BwSw ƒ is`Kx-isKwaux iv`c
kw&I smW l`g jWdw hY ijhVw ik igAwn-ivigAwn dI pRwpqI leI vriqAw jw skdw hY[
is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c ijMny vI dwrSink hn, auhnW ny sdw mwq-BwSw ƒ is`iKAw dw mwiDAm
bxwaux au~qy zor id`qw hY[ ieh g`l bVy hI du`K nwL kihxI pYNdI hY ik swfy dysvwsIAW ƒ
Ajy q`k ies dI smJ nhIN AweI[ AsIN Ajy q`k vI ivdySI BwSw dy mwiDAm rwhIN Awpxy
b`icAW ƒ is`iKAw idvwauxI cwhuMdy hW[ AmIr pirvwrW dy b`cy AMgryzI BwSw rwhIN id`qI
jWdI is`iKAw pRwpq krn iv`c AwpxI Swn smJdy hn[ swƒ ies sMbMDI gMBIr ivcwr krn
dI loV hY[ AsIN bhwny lw rhy hW ik AMgryzI mwiDAm hI swfy leI kilAwxkwrI hY pr jy
QoVHw gMBIrqw nwL ivcwrIey qW swƒ AwpxI ZlqI dw CyqI hI pqw l`g jWdw hY[

pwixnI
pRis`D ivAwkrnkwr pwixnI ijs dI ilKI hoeI pusqk dw nW ‘AStwiDAwie’ sI, sMsikRq-
ivAwkrn dw sB qoN v`fw ivdvwn mMinAw jWdw hY Aqy iesy leI ies bwry Awdr qy siqkwr
vjoN ieh ikhw jWdw hY ik ies dI rcnw eISvrI igAwn kwrn hoeI[ pRwcIn smyN pwixnI
ƒ irSI mMinAw jWdw sI[ AwDuink smyN iv`c vI ies bwry pRis`D hY ik pwixnI bcpn iv`c
bVw hI mUrK sI, iesy leI aus ƒ pwTSwlw iv`coN k`F id`qw igAw sI pr iSv jI dI ikrpw
nwL ieh ivdvwn pihlI SRyxI iv`c Aw igAw[ ieh pihlw ivAwkrnkwr nhIN sI ikauNjo
ieh AwpxI pusqk iv`c keI ivAwkrnkwrW dy nW dyNdw hY ijhVy ies qoN pihlW ho cu`ky sn[
pwixnI qoN bwAd ijhVy ivAwkrn ilKy gey hn, auhnW dI igxqI kw&I v`fI hY Aqy BwvyN

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 95

 auhnW iv`coN keI bhuq hI sRySt qy bhuqI vrqoN iv`c AwauNdy hn pr pwixnI duAwrw bxwey hoey
inXm Ajy vI srb-au~c qy inr-ivvwd hn [

mnorMjn dy swDn
mnùK dI ieh pRwikriqk rucI hY ik auh QkyvyN ip`CoN jIvn dIAW kOVIAW XwdW ƒ mnorMjn dy kuJ
plW iv`c Bulw dyxw cwhuMdw hY[ purwqn smyN iv`c nwc, mrwsIAW dIAW nklW, ntW dy krqb
qy mdwrIAW dy qmwiSAW iv`coN aus ƒ mnorMjn dI iqRpqI huMdI sI pr ieh kudrqI nym hY ik
hr Xùg dy mnorMjn dy swDn Awpxy-Awpxy huMdy hn[ so, ijauN-ijauN smyN dI cwl iv`c, aus dI
qor iv`c pirvrqn AwauNdw igAw, iqauN-iqauN mnorMjn dy purwxy swDn Alop ho gey[ A`j-k`lH
isnymw mnorMjn dw mùK swDn jwpdw hY[ pr ijs rUp iv`c A`j swfy swmHxy ieh pRq`K hY, kuJ
vrHy pihlW eydW nhIN sI[ pihlW-pihl qsvIrW nw ih`ldIAW sn, nw hI boldIAW sn pr
ivigAwink au~nqI ny iehnW ƒ ih`lxw-julxw d`isAw[ mnùKI sUJ ny iehnW ih`ldIAW qsvIrW
iv`c bol ky nvIN rUh Br id`qI[ rMg-brMgIAW i&lmW ny jIvn iv`c KyVw lY AWdw[

AbwdI ’qy lgwm

vD rhI AbwdI b`icAW dI ishq, is`iKAw Aqy syvw Awid v`l iDAwn nw dyx dw mu`K kwrn
hY[ v`D sMqwn vwLy pirvwr iv`c hr b`cy dw pwlx-posx auicq FMg nwL krnw Aqy hr
b`cy ƒ au~c iv`idAw idvwauxw ivhwirk qOr ’qy mumikn nhIN jwpdw[ AwriQk p`KoN kmzor
hox kwrn AnpVHqw PYldI hY qy iehI AnpVHqw smwj iv`c AprwiDk gqIivDIAW dy vDx
dw mUl kwrn bxdI hY ijs Gr iv`c mwqw-ipqw pVHy-ilKy qy smJdwr hox, au~Qy b`icAW dI
igxqI vI G`t hovygI qy AnpVHW dI vI[ swfI srkwr ies sm`isAw ƒ suLJwaux dw jqn
kr rhI hY pr lokW dw iDAwn Ajy ies pwsy v`l G`t hI igAw hY[ AnpVH qy purwxy i^Awl
dy hox krky vI sm`isAw AwauNdI hY[ bwhrly mulkW dy lokIN kw&I h`d q`k smJ gey hn qy
auh bhuq G`t b`cy pYdw krdy hn[ BwrqI lokW ƒ vI cwhIdw hY ik srkwr dy AsUlW ’qy c`lx
qy G`t b`cy pYdw krn[ ies iv`c jnqw dw hI Blw hY ikauNik swfI srkwr swfI hI bxweI
hoeI hY qy swfy &wiedy leI hI socdI hY[ ies leI swƒ ieh cwhIdw hY ik AsIN G`t b`cy
pYdw krIey qy AwpxI srkwr dI mdd krIey[

ivcwrW dy lYx-dyx dI mh`qqw

g`l-bwq kr skx dI Xogqw mnu`KI nsl leI kudrq v`loN b^iSAw ie`k vrdwn hY Aqy
jwnvr-jgq iv`coN ieh qoh&w mnu`K dy hI ih`sy AwieAw hY[ auN\ jwnvr vI v`K-v`K qrHW
dIAW AvwzW qy hrkqW duAwrw AwpxIAW BwvnwvW dw sMcwr krdy hn[ ivcwrW dw Awdwn-

96 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

pRdwn krnw izMdgI dw ie`k Atu`t AMg hY[ AwpsI g`l-bwq krn qoN ibnW izMdgI KVHy pwxI
vWg hY[ qusIN ikvyN g`l-bwq krdy ho, XwAnI quhwfw g`l krn dw AMdwz qy lihjw ikho-ijhw
hY, ies dw quhwfy smwijk jIvn ’qyy is`Dw pRBwv pYNdw hY ikauNik bol-bwxI quhwfy pUry Awpy ƒ
auGwVdI hY [ ies bwry koeI do rwvW nhIN ik quhwfIAW sPlqwvW qy AsPlqwvW dw quhwfI
bol-bwxI nwL is`Dw sMbMD hY[ g`l- bwq rwhIN keI sm`isAwvW h`l huMdIAW hn Aqy sB qoN
v`D idmwZI Bwr hOLw huMdw hY[ ieho kwrn hY ik ivcwrW dy lYx-dyx nwL mnu`K Awpxy-Awp ƒ
hlkw-Pulkw mihsUs krdw hY[ mnoivigAwn d`sdw hY ik ie`k-dUjy koL Awpxy mn dI gu`QI
KolHx nwL mwnisk qxwA qoN rwhq imLdI hY ikauNik ies nwL mnu`K dIAW kuJ sm`isAwvW
suqy-is`D hI h`l ho jWdIAW hn[ mnoivigAwn ieh vI d`sdw hY ik vDyry cu`p rihx vwLw
ivAkqI Awm qOr ’qy iksy mwnisk auLJx dw iSkwr huMdw hY[ Aijhw ivAkqI suBwivk hI
Awpxy AwLy-duAwLy ivAwkl krn vwLI cu`p dw mwhOl pYdw krdw hY jdoNik cMgI qrHW g`l-
bwq krn dy slIky qoN vwk& ivAkqI dI S^sIAq iv`c cuMbkI iK`c huMdI hY Aqy auh Awpxy
AwLy-duAwLy qIAW vrgIAW ^uSIAW iKlwrdw hY[

AiBAws

pYrw pVH ky hyTW id`qy pRSnW dy au~qr d`so:-

mwq-BwSw dI is`iKAw qoN bZYr koeI ividAwrQI is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c isKrW nhIN CUh skdw[
auh swrI aumr lMgVw ky qurdw hY Aqy Awpxy pYrW ’qy is`Dw KVHw nhIN ho skdw[ mwq-BwSw
ivcwrW ƒ pRgtwaux dw ie`ko-ie`k au~qm swDn hY[ ieho kwrn hY ik ivdvwnW ny mwq-BwSw ƒ
hI is`iKAw dyx dw Xog Aqy shI mwiDAm mMinAw hY[ iksy dUjI BwSw ƒ is`Kx-isKwaux iv`c
kw&I smW l`g jWdw hY ijhVw ik igAwn-ivigAwn dI pRwpqI leI vriqAw jw skdw hY[
is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c ijMny vI dwrSink hn, auhnW ny sdw mwq-BwSw ƒ is`iKAw dw mwiDAm
bxwaux au~qy zor id`qw hY[ ieh g`l bVy hI du`K nwL kihxI pYNdI hY ik swfy dysvwsIAW ƒ
Ajy q`k ies dI smJ nhIN AweI[ AsIN Ajy q`k vI ivdySI BwSw dy mwiDAm rwhIN Awpxy
b`icAW ƒ is`iKAw idvwauxI cwhuMdy hW[ AmIr pirvwrW dy b`cy AMgryzI BwSw rwhIN id`qI
jWdI is`iKAw pRwpq krn iv`c AwpxI Swn smJdy hn[ swƒ ies sMbMDI gMBIr ivcwr krn
dI loV hY[ AsIN bhwny lw rhy hW ik AMgryzI mwiDAm hI swfy leI kilAwxkwrI hY pr jy
QoVHw gMBIrqw nwL ivcwrIey qW swƒ AwpxI ZlqI dw CyqI hI pqw l`g jWdw hY[
1. auprokq pYry dw shI isrlyK hY:
(a) is`iKAw (A) ikqwbW (e) mwq-BwSw (s) skUl

AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf 97

 2. AmIr pirvwrW dy b`cy ikhVI BwSw rwhIN id`qI jWdI is`iKAw pRwpq krn iv`c AwpxI
Swn smJdy hn?
(a) pMjwbI (A) AMgryzI (e) ihMdI (s) sMsikRq
3. is`iKAw-dwrSinkW ny is`iKAw dw mwiDAm bxwaux vwsqy iks BwSw au~qy zor id`qw
hY:
(a) ivdySI (A) lwqInI (e) mwq-BwSw (s) AMgryzI
4. is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c isKrW ƒ iks BwSw rwhIN CUihAw jw skdw hY:
(a) AMgryzI (A) mwq-BwSw (e) ivdySI (s) sMsikRq

ef

98 AMqrrwStrI pMjwbI bolI aulMipAwf

 pMj`b skUl is@iKE` borf

'EMqrr`StrI pMj`bI bolI aulMipE`f dy pRSn-p@qr leI Egv`eI-lIh~'

sm~: 40 imMt
ku@l EMk: 50

(i) ie@k-ie@k EMk v`Ly ku@l 50 pRSn (1x50=50) hoxgy|

(ii) iehn~ 50 pRSn~ iv@coN 40 pRSn inrD`irq Egv`eI-pusqk iv@coN Eqy 10 pRSn (Learning Based)
Exif@Ty pYirE~ (unseen passages) 'qy E`D`irq hoxgy|

(iii) prIiKE`rQIE~ nMU iqMn SRyxIE~ (categories) iv@c pRm`x-pq@r j`rI kIqy j`xgy|

(iv) ies prIiKE` leI ku@l Cy zon hoxgy: 1. pMj`b 2. B`rq dys (pMj`b qoN ibn~) 3. E`styRlIE` Eqy
inaUzIlYNf 4. wU. ky. Eqy wUrp 5. wU. EYs@. ey. Eqy knyf` 6. wU. ey. eI. Eqy hor|

(v) 40 EMk j~ 40 qoN G@t EMk lYx v`Ly prIiKE`rQIE~ nMU 'SmUlIEq d` pRm`x -p@qr' (Participation
Certificate) j`rI kIq` j`vyg`|

(vi) prIiKE`rQIE~ v@loN 41 qoN 45 EMk pR`pq krn 'qy pRsMs`-p@qr (Appreciation Certificate)
j`rI kIqy j`xgy|

(vi) ijhVy prIiKE`rQI 45 qoN 50 EMk pR`pq krngy, auhn~ nMU ivSyS pRm`x -p@qr (Outstanding
Certificate) id@qy j`xgy|