HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

OBJECTIVES General Objectives: After 1 week of holistic caring care, the patient and significant others will be able to acquire adequate knowledge, attitude and skills towards health promotion Specific Objectives: After 45 minutes of Nurse Patient interaction, the patient and significant others will be able to: CONTENT METHODOLOGY EVALUATION

1.

Define Craniotomy according to his level of understanding

Craniotomy: A craniotomy is the surgical removal of part of the bone from the skull to expose the brain. Specialized tools are used to remove the section of bone called the bone flap. The bone flap is temporarily removed, then replaced after the brain surgery has been performed.

discussion

2. Explain the Reasons of the Craniotomy procedure

A craniotomy may be performed to for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, the following:

discussion

diagnosing, removing, or treating brain tumors clipping or repairing of an aneurysm removing blood or blood clots from a leaking blood vessel removing an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) - an abnormal mass of blood vessels (arteries and veins) draining a brain abscess - an infected pus-filled pocket repairing skull fractures repairing a tear in the membrane lining the brain (dura mater) relieving pressure within the brain (intracranial pressure) by removing damaged or swollen areas of the brain that may be caused by traumatic injury or stroke treating epilepsy - a neurological condition involving the brain that makes people more susceptible to seizures implanting stimulator devices to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease or dystonia (a type of movement

Discussion with illustrations

disorder)

3. Enumerate the risks

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involved after craniotomy

Risks of the Procedure As with any surgical procedure, complications may occur. Brain surgery risk is tied to the specific location in the brain that the operation will affect. For example, if the area of the brain that controls speech is operated on, then speech may be affected. Some more general complications include, but are not limited to, the following:

infection hemorrhage (bleeding) thrombus (formation of blood clots) pneumonia (infection of the lungs) unstable blood pressure seizures muscle weakness brain swelling leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain) pneumonia (infection in the lungs) unstable blood pressure Discussion, Demonstration

The following additional complications are rare and generally relate to specific locations within the brain, so they may or may not be valid risks for certain individuals:

memory problems speech difficulty paralysis abnormal balance or coordination coma

4. Cite precautions to prevent infection

There may be other risks depending upon your specific medical condition. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your physician prior to the procedure.

5. Identify importance of Infection control and comfort measures: strict compliance to regimen Once you are home, it is important to keep the incision clean and dry. Your physician will give 6. Perform techniques to you specific bathing instructions. prevent infection infection control measures and comfort measures. You may shower and shampoo 3 to 4 days after surgery unless otherwise directed by your surgeon. If stitches or surgical staples are used, they will be removed during a follow-up office visit. If adhesive strips are used, they should be kept dry and generally will fall off within a few days. You may choose to wear a loose turban or hat over the incision.

Participation of patient and significant others cooperation in the activity given

Verbalization of their understanding

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You should not wear a wig until the incision is completely healed(about 3 to 4 weeks after surgery). The incision and head may ache, especially with deep breathing, coughing, and exertion. Take a pain reliever for soreness as recommended by your physician. Be sure to take only recommended medications and ask if you are unsure. Special measures must be taken to protect the brain, such as a helmet or a temporary implant in the skull

5. Show positive response towards the activity

You will be advised to avoid exposure to upper respiratory infections (colds and flu) and irritants, such as tobacco smoke, fumes, and environmental pollution. You will be taught deep-breathing exercises to help re-expand the lungs and prevent pneumonia. The head of your bed may be elevated to prevent swelling of your face and head. Some swelling is normal. You will be encouraged to move around as tolerated while in bed and to get out of bed and walk around, with assistance at first, as your strength improves. A physical therapist (PT) may be asked to evaluate your strength, balance, and mobility, and give you suggestions for exercises to do both in the hospital and at home. You will have a catheter in your bladder to drain your urine for a day or so, or until you are able to get out of bed and move around. Be sure to report any painful urination or other urinary symptoms that occur after the catheter is removed, as these may

44 be signs of an infection that can be treated. You may be instructed to avoid lifting heavy items for several weeks in order to prevent strain on your surgical incision.

The patient and her significant others listen and cooperate with the discussion. Asking questions when confused and participating in the activity.