croissants

Known in France as croissants de boulanger, this yeasted dough is layered with butter and given a
succession of folds that create the distinctive profile of classic croissants. Light and airy and
shatteringly crisp, with a deeply caramelized buttery flavor, these croissants are a labor of love that's
absolutely worth the time.

Prep

45 mins

Bake

30 to 40 mins

Total

4 hrs 30 mins

Yield

4 pounds, enough for 24 croissants

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Ingredients

Dough

• 2 large eggs plus enough warm water to make 2 cups (454g) of liquid

• 1/4 cup (50g) granulated sugar, divided

• 5 1/2 to 6 cups (660g to 720g) King Arthur Unbleached All-Purpose Flour

• 2 1/4 teaspoons instant yeast

• 2 tablespoons (28g) butter, melted

• 1/2 cup (56g) King Arthur Baker's Special Dry Milk or nonfat dry milk, optional

• 1 scant tablespoon (16g) table salt

• 1 teaspoon King Arthur Pure Vanilla Extract, (optional; for sweet pastry)

Butter block

• 30 tablespoons (425g) unsalted butter, cool to the touch

• 3/4 teaspoon table salt

• 1/2 cup (60g) King Arthur Unbleached All-Purpose Flour

Nutrition Information
Instructions

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1. To make the dough: Put the eggs and water in a large mixing bowl. Add 1 tablespoon of the
sugar, 3 cups (362g) of the flour, and the yeast. Mix until well blended; set aside to let the
sponge work.

2. To make the butter block: Cut the butter into 1" chunks and combine with the salt and flour
at low speed in a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment just until smooth, with no
lumps. Be careful not to beat too much; you don’t want to incorporate any air.

3. Spread the butter on a piece of plastic wrap and shape into an 8˝ square. Wrap and
refrigerate for 30 minutes.

4. To finish the dough: Add the melted butter to the sponge. Whisk together the remaining
sugar, 2 1/2 cups (298g) of the flour, the dry milk, and salt and add to the sponge. Mix until
 the dough forms. Knead for 5 minutes; touch the dough lightly with your finger. If it’s still
sticky, add the remaining flour 2 tablespoons at a time until the dough is the desired
consistency. Once the dough is smooth and elastic, pat it into a 9˝ square, then wrap and
refrigerate for 30 minutes.

Perfect your technique

Blog

Making Baker's Croissants

By Susan Reid

5. To laminate the dough: Remove the chilled dough from the refrigerator and gently roll it to a
12" square.

6. Unwrap the butter square and place it in the center of the dough at a 45° angle, so it looks
like a diamond in a square. Pull the corners of the dough into the center of the butter
diamond. Moisten the edges with a little water and pinch the seams together well to enclose
the butter. Dust the top with flour and turn the packet over.

7. Tap the dough all over with a rolling pin, encouraging it into a rectangular shape. Once it’s
pliable, roll it to a 20˝ x 10˝ rectangle, picking it up and dusting lightly with flour as needed.

8. When you’ve reached the proper size, use a dry brush to sweep off any excess flour and fold
the dough in thirds, like a business letter. Take care to keep the edges straight and line them
up directly over each other. If the dough slides around, use a little water at the corners to
tack them in place. This is your first turn.

9. Rotate the dough out so it looks like a book about to be opened. Roll the dough out once
more to 20˝ x 10˝ and fold it as before. This is the second turn. Wrap the dough and
refrigerate it for 30 minutes to allow the gluten in the dough to relax.

10. Give the dough two more turns after its rest, then wrap the dough well and refrigerate for at
least 1 hour or overnight before using. You can also freeze the dough at this point.

11. To shape the croissants: Cut the packet of dough in half. Wrap and refrigerate or freeze one
half.

12. Roll the other half to a 13" x 18" rectangle. Trim the edges about 1/4" all the way around with
a ruler and pizza cutter. This removes the folded edges that would inhibit the dough’s rise.

13. Cut the dough in thirds lengthwise and in half down the center. This will give you six 4" x 9"
pieces. Cut these pieces in half diagonally and arrange them so the points are facing away
from you. Stretch them gently to make them a little longer, then cut a 1" notch in the center
of the base of each triangle.
 14. Take the two inside corners of the notch and roll them up toward you, building a curved
shape as you roll the base of the dough toward the tip. Make sure the tip ends up under the
bottom of the croissant. Place the shaped pastry on a parchment-lined baking sheet, curving
the ends toward each other. Refrigerate for 30 minutes.

15. Take the croissants out of the refrigerator, and let them warm and rise for 60 to 90 minutes at
room temperature. They should expand noticeably, and when you gently press one with your
finger, the indentation should remain.

16. Towards the end of the rise time, preheat the oven to 425°F. Brush each croissant with an egg
beaten with 1 tablespoon water. Bake for 15 minutes, then reduce the oven’s temperature to
350°F and bake for 10 to 15 minutes more, until deep golden brown and no raw dough is
visible where the layers overlap. Remove from the oven and let cool on the pan on a rack for
20 minutes before serving.

Tips from our Bakers

• Bubbles and leaks: It's not unusual to have air trapped inside your laminated dough. If this
happens, simply pop the bubble with a toothpick and press the dough down to lie flat. If
there's a bare spot where butter is coming through, dust the leak with flour, pressing down
lightly so it sticks, and continue on with the fold. Refrigerate the dough as soon as the fold is
done, to firm it up.

• As you work, keep the dough, work surface, and your rolling pin well dusted with flour. Turn
over the dough from time to time. As you roll, you tend to expand the top layers more than
the bottom. By flipping the dough over, you'll even that out. Before folding the dough over on
itself, use your pastry brush to sweep off excess flour. This will help the dough stick to itself
after folding, so the layers don't slide around.

• When rolling the dough, especially for the first time, be sure the dough and butter are at the
same consistency; this will make rolling much smoother and the layers will be more even.

• To make Danish from this dough, add 1/2 teaspoon ground cardamom, 1/4 teaspoon nutmeg,
and 1/8 teaspoon of ground cloves to the dough when mixing. Proceed with the rest of the
recipe as shown until the dough is finished.

• You can make rectangular, filled croissants, too. See our blog for step by step instructions on
how to do this. Fill croissants with ham and cheese, spinach, or use our pain au chocolate
sticks for a special treat.