Table of Contents

Letter of Declaration by scholar

Certificate of Supervisor
Abstract
Acknowledgement
List of Tables
List of Figures
CHAPTER-1 .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
INTRODUCTION ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1 DISASTER ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 CAUSES .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 APPROACHES.......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4 TYPES OF DISASTERS ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5 DISASTER: DIMENSION AND IMPLICATION ........ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6 MAJOR TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7 IMPACT AND EFFECTS OF DISASTERS ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.8 MAJOR DISASTERS IN INDIA ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.10 INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTError! Bookmark not
defined.
1.11 INTERNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT EVOLUTIONError! Bookmark not
defined.
1.12 DISASTERS AND VULNERABILITY TO NATURAL DISASTERSError! Bookmark not
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1.13 FACTORS OF DISASTERS ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.13.1 Complicated and complex catastrophes ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.13.2 Displaced and Refusion ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.14 DISASTER IMPACTS .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.15 RISK REDUCTION OF DISASTER ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.16 INTRODUCTION TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.17 ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT’S IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTIONError! Bookmark not
defined.

1.18 DECENTRALIZATION OF DISASTER MANAGEMENTError! Bookmark not defined.

1.19 WHY LOCAL GOVERNMENT? .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.20 PROBLEM STATEMENT........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.21 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.22 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
 1.23 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.24 HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.25 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.26 CHAPTERIZATION ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 2 .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF DISASTERError! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.1 Classical Definitions of Disaster: ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3 DISASTER AS PER THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT OF INDIA, 2005Error!

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2.4 NATURAL DISASTER AND HUMAN INTERVENTIONError! Bookmark not defined.
2.5 BACKGROUND TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT ... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.1 Approaches to Disaster Management .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.6 IMPACT OF DISASTERS ON COMMUNITIES ........ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.7 DISASTER IMPACT ON ECONOMICS.................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8 ACCOUNTABILITY OF GOVERNMENT TOWARDS CITIZENSError! Bookmark not
defined.
2.9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS .......... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.10 DISASTER PREVENTION .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

The flood risks may be reduced by preserving soil cover, according to Haddow et
al. (2006:195), which reduces runoff by forcing rainfalls to penetrate the soil. If
disaster preparation is recognised, flood hazard prevention methods may be
practised and implemented effectively. ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.11 DISASTER MITIGATION ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12 DISASTER MANAGEMENT TOOLS ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12.1 Hazard Identification and Mapping ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12.2 Construction and Design .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12.3 Planning Land-Use............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2 12.4 Financial Incentives .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12.5 Insurance ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12.6 Structural Control .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.13 DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.14 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PRACTICES .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.15 WORKS FOR COMMUNITY PROTECTION .......... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.16 DISASTER RESPONSE ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.17 RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.18 RISK MANAGEMENT OF DISASTER ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

 2.19 RISK IDENTIFICATION .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.20 HAZARD ASSESSMENT ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.21 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.22 ANALYSIS OF VULNERABILITY ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.23 CONCEPTUALIZATION OF VULNERABILITY ..... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.23.1 Social Vulnerability and Mapping .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.23.2 Demographic Vulnerability ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.23.3 Political Vulnerability Assessing ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.23.4 Assessing Neighbourhood Social Vulnerability ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24 DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.24.1 Community disaster preparedness groups .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.2 Self-help approaches are community-based as well as civil society projects . Error!
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2.24.3 Institutional interactions occurring at the local, meso, and macro levelsError! Bookmark not
defined.
2.24.4 Ascertaining local institutions' preparedness to deal with a disasterError! Bookmark not
defined.
2.24.5 Microfinance institutions engage in mitigation .............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Creating connections and fostering collaboration are some of the ways to aid institutional
linkages ........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.6 Impact of the Wider Local Institutional Environment .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.7 Natural Sciences Contribution to DRM and Inter disciplinarily in NRMError! Bookmark not
defined.
2.24.9 Household Level Poverty Constraints to DRM ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.10 Plan-based participatory technology uptake ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.11 Technical assistance role: Community hazard and mapping of vulnerability Error!
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2.14.12 Communication and Information Dissemination TechnologyError! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.13 The Organisational Framework is Crucial in Working with Local Authorities Error!
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2.24.14 The role of national and international governments ... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.24.15 Investment Implications .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.25 VULNERABILITY EVALUATION ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.27 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER-3 .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK AND STATEMENT OF PROBLEMError! Bookmark
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3.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
 3.1.1 Disaster: Dimension And Implication ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2 THE NEED FOR A RELIABLE DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMError! Bookmark

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3.3 INTERNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT SCENARIOError! Bookmark not
defined.
3.4 BACKGROUND TO INTERNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENTError! Bookmark
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3.4.1 Southern Africa Floods Case Study ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.2 Gujarat Earthquake Case Study ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.3 Infrastructure Impact ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.5 The Damage Caused .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.6 The Effect on Human Beings ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.7 Response and Rehabilitation ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4.8 Rehabilitation ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.5 INTERNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.6 AN INTERNATIONAL DISASTER PREVENTION STRATEGY (ISDR)Error! Bookmark
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3.7 PROGRAMME FOR DISASTER REDUCTION AND RECOVERY (DRRP)Error!
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3.8 GLOBAL PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTIONError! Bookmark not
defined.
3.8.1 Disaster Risk Reduction Global Assessment Report ..... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.9 NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT SCENARIOError! Bookmark not defined.

3.10 INDIA'S DISASTER RISK PROFILE ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10.1 India's Vulnerability Assessment..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10.2 India's Hazard Profile ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10.3 Hazards of Several Types ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10.4 India's Disaster Management Evolution ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10.5 Disaster Relief throughout the British Period ................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10.6 High-Performance Committee ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.11 THE 2005 DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT (DMA)Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.11.1 Policy Options for Disaster Risk Reduction ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.12 DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND THE CONSTITUTION'S FEDERAL STRUCTURE

.......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.12.1 Institutional Disaster Management Mechanism ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.12.2 National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.12.3 NDMA's Culture of Preparedness Initiative ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.12.4 NEC (National Executive Committee): ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.12.5 NDRF (National Disaster Response Force ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
 3.12.6 NDRF (National Disaster Response Fund) ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.13 NATIONAL POLICIES, PROGRAMS, AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

EVALUATION .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.14 TRIGGERING MECHANISM .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.15 PLAN FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN THE DISTRICTError! Bookmark not
defined.
3.15.1 Disasters are divided into three categories ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.16 DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTError! Bookmark not

defined.
3.16.1 The local government's role in disaster management . Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.17 CAPACITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTError!

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3.18 THE CONCEPT OF CAPACITY ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.20 CALLENGES IN THE DELIVERING-BUILDING SERVICES IN THE DISASTER'S
AFTERMATH ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.21 FAILURE TO DEVELOP A DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRATEGYError! Bookmark
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3.22 AIM OF WORK ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER-4 .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4 SURVEY METHODS ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.5 OBSERVATION......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.6 SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEW ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.7 SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE SAMPLEError! Bookmark not

defined.
4.8 QUANTITATIVE RESEACH METHOD SAMPLING .......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.9 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH SAMPLING ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.10 SAMPLE DESCRIPTION ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.10.1 Sampling Frame ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.10.2 Data Collection .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.11 QUESTIONNAIRE STRUCTURE AND DESIGN ... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.12 DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE OF A QUESTIONNAREError! Bookmark not defined.
Respondents were also given the opportunity to comment on disaster management criteria that
were not addressed in the survey. .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.13 PILOTING .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
 4.14 DATA ANALYSIS .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.15 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.15.1 Frequency and Percentage ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.15.2 Inferential Statistics ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.16 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.17 SUMMARY .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 5 .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ........... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSES COLLECTED WITH THE HELP OF
QUESTIONNAIRE ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2.1 Analysis of Responses during the Interviews of Officers and StateError! Bookmark not
defined.
5.2.2 Analysis of responses of experts in the field of Disaster ManagementError! Bookmark not
defined.

5.3 TESTING OF HYPOTHESES ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4 FINDINGS AND SUMMARY ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.5 FINDINGS .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.6 FINDINGS FROM HYPOTHESIS........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.7 FINDINGS RELATED TO PRELIMINARY INFORMATION ASKED TO THE
RESPONDENTS .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.7.1 Findings Related To Awareness among the RespondentsError! Bookmark not defined.
5.7.2 Findings related to Promptness in responding to a disasterError! Bookmark not defined.
5.7.3 Findings related to Communication by the administration with stakeholdersError! Bookmark
not defined.
5.7.4 Findings related to Coordination by the administration with stakeholders-affected people,
involved agencies, media, NGOs, corporate sector etc. ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.7.5 Analysis of responses during the interviews of Officers and StateError! Bookmark not
defined.
5.7.6 Expert of responses analysis in the field of Disaster Management.Error! Bookmark not
defined.

CHAPTER-6 .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

CONCLUSION, SUGGETSION AND RECOMMENDATIONSError! Bookmark not
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6.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2 CONCLUSION ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.1 Local Government can contribute in Disaster Risk ReductionError! Bookmark not defined.
 6.3 SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RAISING COMMUNITY
AWARENESS .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.3.1 Suggestions and recommendations for promptness ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.3.2 Suggestions for enhancing communication ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.3.3 Suggestions for bettering coordination ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.4 Other recommendations and suggestions .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.5 Future Scope ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.6 Limitations of Research work ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

APPENDICES ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.