PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

DO NOT OPEN THIS TEST BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

T.B.C. : FIAS-PTS25 Test Booklet Series
Serial No.

A
TEST BOOKLET
GENERAL STUDIES
Paper – 1

Maximum Marks: 200 Time Allowed: TWO HOURS

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.1) With reference to the Eastern Coastal c) Karnataka

Plain of India, consider the following d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
statements:
Statement I: The Eastern Coastal Plain is Q.5) Consider the following information
broader as compared to the Western Coastal regarding the World Heritage Sites, recently
Plain. seen in news:
Statement II: Well developed deltas are World Heritage Location Associated
formed by the rivers flowing eastward into the Site Religion
Bay of Bengal. 1. Archaeological Afghanistan Buddhism
Which one of the following is correct in Remains of the
respect of the statements given above? Bamiyan Valley
a) Both statement -I and statement -II are 2. Timbuktu Syria Christianity
correct and statement -II is the correct 3. Tell Umm Amer Palestine Islam
explanation for statement -I. In which of the above rows is the given
b) Both statement -I and statement -II are information correctly matched?
correct and statement -II is not the correct a) 1 and 2 only
explanation for statement -I. b) 1 only
c) Statement -I is correct but statement -II is c) 1 and 3 only
incorrect. d) 2 only
d) Statement -I is incorrect but statement -II
is correct. Q.6) Consider the following information:
Type of Soil Rich in Lacks in
Q.2) The construction of tunnels is very 1. Black Soil Magnesia Phosphorous
important for improving connectivity across 2. Alluvial Soil Iron Potash
the country. In this context, consider the 3. Red and Iron Nitrogen
following pairs: Yellow Soil
Tunnel Connects 4. Laterite Soil Lime Aluminium
1. Atal Tunnel Leh and Srinagar In how many of the above rows is the given
2. Dr. Syama Prasad Manali and Spiti information correctly matched?
Mukherjee Tunnel Valley a) Only one
3. Sela Tunnel Tezpur and Tawang b) Only two
4. Shinkun La Tunnel Manali and Leh c) Only three
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct? d) All four
a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 3 only Q.7) Consider the following statements:
c) 3 and 4 only In India, Reserved Forest is an area-
d) 1, 3 and 4 only 1. notified under the provisions of Indian
Forest Act or the State Forest Acts.
Q.3) The Yamuna River flows through how 2. with a full degree of protection with all
many States/Union Territories of India before activities prohibited unless permitted.
it merges with the Ganga River in Prayagraj? Which of the statements given above is/are
a) two correct?
b) three a) 1 only
c) four b) 2 only
d) five c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.4) During the winter season in India, which
among the following regions usually
experiences the highest diurnal range of
temperature?
a) Rajasthan
b) Tamil Nadu

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.8) Which of the following is a goal of the 3. India is a signatory to the Hong Kong
National Water Mission under the National Convention, which is related to the safe
Action Plan on Climate Change? and environmentally sound recycling of
1. Increasing water use efficiency by 20%. ships.
2. Assessment of the impact of climate change Which of the statements given above are
on water resources. correct?
3. Promotion of renewable energy-based a) 1 and 2 only
water pumps in rural areas. b) 2 and 3 only
4. Establishment of a national water c) 1 and 3 only
conservation fund. d) 1, 2 and 3
Select the correct answer using the codes
given below: Q.12) With reference to Indian Strategic
a) 1 and 2 only Petroleum Reserve Limited (ISPRL), consider
b) 2 and 4 only the following statements:
c) 1, 2 and 4 only 1. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Oil
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Industry Development Board (OIDB).
2. It has constructed strategic crude oil in
Q.9) In India, largest resources of gold ore underground rock caverns in Andhra
(primary) are located in which of the following Pradesh and Karnataka.
states? Which of the statements given above is/are
a) Rajasthan correct?
b) Bihar a) 1 only
c) Karnataka b) 2 only
d) West Bengal c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.10) With reference to climate and weather,
consider the following statements regarding Q.13) With reference to Interlinking of rivers in
the Atmospheric River: India, consider the following statements:
1. It refers to a long, narrow band of 1. National Water Development Agency
moisture-filled air that transports (NWDA) has been entrusted with the work
significant amounts of water vapor from of inter-linking of rivers under National
the tropics to higher latitudes. Perspective Plan (NPP).
2. It is associated with the occurrence of 2. Interlinking of rivers may have far reaching
heavy rainfall and flooding in Western adverse impact on monsoon cycles.
United States only. 3. Recently the Ken Betwa link project
Which of the statements given above is/are became the first project of interlinking of
correct? rivers to be completed.
a) 1 only Which of the statements given above are
b) 2 only correct?
c) Both 1 and 2 a) 1 and 2 only
d) Neither 1 nor 2 b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
Q.11) With reference to the Ship Recycling d) 1, 2 and 3
Industry in India, consider the following
statements:
1. Around 30 percent of global ship recycling
is carried out in India.
2. Alang in Gujarat is the world's largest ship
recycling yard.

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.14) Consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are
Statement - I: The Citizenship amendment act correct?
2019 allows certain class of foreigners of some a) 1 only
specific countries to become Indian nationals. b) 2 only
Statement - II: Government has allowed one c) Both 1 and 2
time relaxation in the definition of illegal d) Neither 1 nor 2
migrants under Foreigners Act 1946 to allow all
those who entered India on or before 31st Q.17) Consider the following glaciers of
December 2014, to become Indian citizens. Himalayas:
Which one of the following is correct in 1. Siachin
respect of the above statements? 2. Gangotri
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 3. Baltoro
correct and Statement-II is the correct 4. Hispar
explanation for Statement-I Arrange the above glaciers of Himalayas in
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are decreasing order of their length?
correct and Statement-II is not the correct a) 1>4>3>2
explanation for Statement for Statement-I b) 4>1>3>2
c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is c) 2>1>4>3
incorrect d) 1>2>4>3
d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
correct Q.18) Which of the following statements
correctly defines the term ‘Water use
Q.15) Which of the following statements is/are efficiency’ in agriculture?
correct regarding the National Institutional a) It is the percentage of irrigation water that
Ranking Framework (NIRF)? reaches the crop roots without
1. The annual rankings of institutions under evaporating.
NIRF are prepared and released by the NITI b) It is the ratio of rainfall to crop yield in a
Aayog. specific region.
2. The parameter of ‘Graduation Outcome’ is c) It is the total amount of water retained in
given the highest weightage under NIRF for the soil after irrigation.
ranking educational institutions. d) It is the amount of carbon as biomass or
3. IISc Bangalore has topped the list of grain produced per unit of water used by
ranking of Institutes in Overall Category in the crop.
NIRF 2024.
Select the correct answer using the code given Q.19) Consider the following information
below: regarding waterfalls in India:
a) 1 and 3 only Waterfall State River
b) 2 only 1. Hundru Jharkahnd Subarnarekha
c) 3 only 2. Athirappilly Kerala Chalakudy
d) None Falls
3. Jog Falls Karnataka Sharavathi
Q.16) With reference to Urban Agglomeration, In how many of the above rows is the given
consider the following statements: information correctly matched?
1. A town together with its outgrowth is a) Only one
called an Urban Agglomeration. b) Only two
2. The total population of Urban c) All three
Agglomeration should not be less than one d) None
lakh as per census 2011.

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.20) With reference to the habitat rights of How many of the statements given above are
the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups correct?
(PVTGs) in India, consider the following a) Only one
statements: b) Only two
1. Habitat rights are given to Particularly c) All three
Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) under d) None
the Forest Conservation Act of 1980.
2. Only the Central Government has the Q.23) Consider the following Forest Produce:
authority to grant Habitat rights to PVTGs 1. Bamboo
in India. 2. Tendu leaves
3. PVTGs can perform any customary 3. Sandalwood
religious or cultural ceremony once their 4. Lac
habitat rights are recognised. 5. Mahua seeds
Which of the statements given above is/are How many of the above are considered as
incorrect? Minor Forest Produce in India?
a) 1 and 2 only a) Only two
b) 2 and 3 only b) Only three
c) 1 only c) Only four
d) 1, 2 and 3 d) All Five

Q.21) In the context of Indian climate, consider Q.24) Consider the following statements
the following statements: regarding Tribals in India:
Statement I: Cyclones in India are more 1. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribal
common in the Bay of Bengal than in the population among all states in India.
Arabian Sea. 2. Odisha has the highest number of
Statement II: The water in the Bay of Bengal is Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups
warmer than that in the Arabian Sea. (PVTGs) among all states in India.
Which one of the following is correct in 3. The Bhil tribe has the largest population
respect of the above statements? among all tribal groups in India.
a) Both Statement I and Statement II are How many of the statements given above are
correct and Statement II explains correct?
Statement I. a) Only one
b) Both Statement I and Statement II are b) Only two
correct, but Statement II does not explain c) All three
Statement I. d) None
c) Statement I is correct, but Statement II is
incorrect. Q.25) The Axiom-4 Mission, recently seen in
d) Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is news, is a -
correct. a) A climate change research project of
National Aeronautics and Space
Q.22) Consider the following statements about Administration (NASA).
soil formation processes: b) Crewed mission to the Moon under the
1. Calcification is a process where calcium Artemis Program.
carbonate accumulates in the soil. c) Private astronaut mission to the
2. Podzolization is the process by which iron, International Space Station.
aluminum, and organic matter are leached d) Satellite mission to Venus, launched by
from the upper layers of soil and ISRO.
accumulate in the lower layer.
3. Gleying refers to waterlogged conditions
in soil that result in the reduction of iron,
giving the soil a bluish or greyish colour.

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.26) With reference to Peninsular Plateau, Q.29) Consider the following states:
consider the following statements: 1. Kerala
1. Delhi ridge is the northwest extension of 2. Goa
the Peninsular Plateau. 3. Tamil Nadu
2. The Central Highlands primarily consists of 4. Mizoram
metamorphic rocks. Arrange the above-mentioned states in
Which of the statements given above is/are descending order based on the level of their
correct? urbanization as per census 2011:
a) 1 only a) 1-3-2-4
b) 2 only b) 2-1-3-4
c) Both 1 and 2 c) 3-1-4-2
d) Neither 1 nor 2 d) 2-4-3-1

Q.27) With reference to Mineral deposits in Q.30) The Budapest Convention 2001 is
India, consider the following statements about sometimes seen in news in the context of:
South- western Peninsular Plateau mineral a) Combating Climate Change
belt: b) Human Rights and Refugee Policies
1. Bauxite and ferrous metals are abundant in c) Nuclear Non-Proliferation
this belt. d) Cybercrimes
2. Except for Neyveli lignite reserve, this belt
is devoid of coal deposits. Q.31) With reference to Barak River, consider
3. This mineral belt has monazite and thorium the following statements:
deposits. 1. The river originates in the Manipur hills.
Which of the statements given above is/are 2. The National Waterway 2 (NW-2) runs
correct? along the basin of Barak River.
a) 1 only Which of the statements given above is/are
b) 2 and 3 only correct?
c) 1 and 3 only a) 1 only
d) 1,2 and 3 b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
Q.28) With reference to Bio jet fuel, consider d) Neither 1 nor 2
the following statements:
1. It is a liquid fuel used in jet engines and can Q.32) Consider the following statements about
be derived from various types of biomasses, Himalayan and Peninsular rivers in India:
including plant materials, vegetable oils, 1. The Himalayan rivers are perennial,
and animal waste. receiving water from both glaciers and
2. It has a higher energy density compared to rainfall, while Peninsular rivers are
the conventional jet fuel, which facilitates seasonal, mainly depending on monsoon
in longer flight distances and improved fuel rainfall.
economy. 2. The drainage patterns of Himalayan rivers
3. As bio jet fuel can be blended with are primarily radial, while Peninsular rivers
conventional jet fuel, airlines are able to exhibit trellis and dendritic patterns.
use it without altering their existing 3. Himalayan rivers flow through large basins
infrastructure. and have a youthful, active nature, while
4. India has recently developed its own bio jet Peninsular rivers have relatively smaller
fuel technology, primarily utilizing Jatropha basins and are old with graded profiles.
oil. Which of the statements given above are
Which of the above given statements are correct?
correct? a) 1 and 2 only
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 2 and 3 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only c) 1 and 3 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only d) 1, 2 and 3
d) 1 and 4 only

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.33) With reference to Energy Statistics India demonstrated, and deployed nuclear
Report 2024, consider the following reactors for electricity generation.
statements: 2. The third stage of nuclear power program
1. Southern region of India has the highest envisages large scale power production
share of installed capacity of electricity from thorium.
generation, followed by the western region. 3. The Indian Advanced Heavy Water Reactor
2. As per the report, Rajasthan had the (AHWR) is designed and developed to
highest installed capacity of grid- achieve large-scale use of thorium for the
connected renewable power in India in generation of commercial nuclear power.
2023. Which of the statements given above are
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
correct? a) 1 and 2 only
a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only
b) 2 only c) 1 and 3 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) 1, 2 and 3
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.37) Which of the following indicators are
Q.34) Organic matter in this soil may go up to used to compute the Global Hunger Index
40-50 per cent. This soil is normally heavy and Report?
black in color. At many places, they are 1. The share of the population whose caloric
alkaline also. At many places, they are alkaline intake is insufficient.
also. It occurs widely in the northern part of 2. The share of children under the age of five
Bihar and the coastal areas of West Bengal, who have low height for their age,
Orissa and Tamil Nadu. reflecting chronic undernutrition.
Which of the following types of soils are 3. The share of children under the age of five
described in the above passage? who have low weight for their height,
a) Laterite Soil reflecting acute undernutrition.
b) Red Soil 4. The share of children who die before their
c) Saline Soil fifth birthday, reflecting, in part, the fatal
d) Peaty Soil mix of inadequate nutrition and unhealthy
environments.
Q.35) With reference to Banni Grasslands, 5. The share of the population that suffers
consider the following statements: from anemia due to malnutrition.
1. It is located in the state of Rajasthan. Select the answer using the code given below:
2. The Maldhari tribe is a nomadic pastoral a) 1, 2, and 4 only
community that lives in this region. b) 1, 2 and 3 only
3. The only breed of camel that can swim is c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
native to these grasslands. d) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
4. The invasion of floral shrub ‘Prosopis
Juliflora’ has led to increased soil salinity in Q.38) Consider the following information:
the region. Mountain peak Mountain State/Union
Which of the statements given above are range Territory
correct? 1. Dhupghar Karakora Jammu and
a) 1 and 2 only m Kashmir
2. Gurushikhar Aravalli Rajasthan
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
3. Doddabetta Western Karnataka
c) 3 and 4 only Ghats
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 In how many of the above rows is the given
information correctly matched?
Q.36) Consider the following statements a) Only one
regarding India's nuclear power program: b) Only two
1. India is the only developing nation that has c) All three
successfully indigenously developed, d) None

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.39) Consider the following factors: Statement-I: Tropical evergreen forests have
1. Increasing quality control orders from the nutrient-poor soils.
government. Statement-II: Extensive rainfall in tropical
2. Raw material scarcity. rainforests leads to the leaching of nutrients
3. High labour cost compared to competitive from the soil.
nations like Bangladesh. Which one of the following is correct in
4. Duty free access to foreign markets for respect of the above statements?
Indian textile exporters. a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
Which of the above given factors represent the correct and Statement-II explains
challenges faced by the Indian textile Statement-I
industry? b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
a) 1 and 2 only correct, but Statement-II does not explain
b) 1, 2 and 3 only Statement-I
c) 2, 3 and 4 only c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is
d) 1, 2, 3and 4 incorrect
d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II
Q.40) With reference to the Scheduled Caste is correct
category status in India, consider the following
statements: Q.43) Amongst the states through which the
1. Under the Constitution of India, Parliament tropic of cancer passes, which state capital is
has the power to include or exclude castes, located to the north of the tropic of cancer?
races, or tribes from the Scheduled Castes a) Rajasthan
List. b) Jharkhand
2. Kaka Kalelkar Commission recommended c) West Bengal
the inclusion of Dalit Christians and Dalit d) Gujarat
Muslims in the Scheduled Castes list in
1955. Q.44) Which of the following statements are
Which of the statements given above is/are correct regarding the Government of India’s
correct? Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme?
a) 1 only 1. Under this programme, the Government
b) 2 only aims to achieve at least 30% ethanol
c) Both 1 and 2 blending in petrol by 2030.
d) Neither 1 nor 2 2. Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) have
already achieved the target of 20% ethanol
Q.41) Consider the following statements: blending in petrol.
1. Manganese is an important raw material for 3. The government provides remunerative
smelting of iron ore. prices for procurement of ethanol under
2. Manganese minerals are mainly associated the EBP Programme.
with the Dharwar system of rocks in India. 4. One of the objectives of the programme is
Which of the statements given above is/are to promote savings in India’s foreign
correct? exchange reserves.
a) 1 only Select the correct answer using the code given
b) 2 only below:
c) Both 1 and 2 a) 1 and 4 only
d) Neither 1 nor 2 b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 and 4 only
Q.42) Consider the following statements: d) 2 and 4 only

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 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.45) With reference to The BioE3 Policy seen Q.48) Which of the following statements is/are
recently in news, consider the following correct regarding the Basic Needs Approach to
statements: Human Development?
1. The policy has been introduced by NITI 1. It was first developed and pioneered by
Aayog to promote high-performance economist Amartya Sen.
biomanufacturing in India. 2. In this approach, the emphasis is on
2. It will help accelerate commercialization of increasing the freedom and choices
Biotechnology by establishing available to humans.
Biomanufacturing and Bio-AI hubs and Bio 3. It attempts to define the minimum
foundry in the country. resources necessary to meet peoples' basic
Which of the statements given above is/are human needs.
correct? Select the correct answer using the code given
a) 1 only below:
b) 2 only a) 1 only
c) Both 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 only
d) Neither 1 nor 2 c) 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Q.46) With reference to the generation and
treatment of wastewater in India’s urban Q.49) The world's largest riverine island is
areas, consider the following statements: located within which of the following rivers?
1. About two third of the wastewater a) Ganga
generated in India’s urban areas is being b) Indus
treated. c) Brahmaputra
2. Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) and d) Narmada
Activated Sludge Process (ASP) are the
technologies used for treatment of Q.50) "ISDra2TnpB," recently in the news, is:
wastewater in India. a) An advanced unmanned aerial vehicle
3. Chennai is the first Indian city to supply b) A newly discovered black hole
treated wastewater for industrial purposes c) A large-scale ransomware attack
at large scale. d) A plant genome editor
Which of the statements given above are
correct? Q.51) In India, the vegetation cover that
a) 1 and 2 only occupies the largest area is -
b) 2 and 3 only a) Tropical Evergreen forests
c) 1 and 3 only b) Montane forests
d) 1, 2 and 3 c) Tropical deciduous forests
d) Tropical Thorn forests
Q.47) With reference to the location of nuclear
power plants in India, consider the following Q.52) With reference to “Cold Weather
pairs: mechanism in India”, consider the following
Nuclear Power Plant Location statements:
1. Tarapur Uttar Pradesh 1. Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone prevails
2. Kaiga Karnataka over the Bay of Bengal during the onset of
3. Kakrapar Gujarat the winter season in India.
Which of the pairs given above is/are 2. Western Cyclonic disturbances enter India
correctly matched? from the northwest with the help of
a) 1 and 3 only easterly jet streams during the winter
b) 2 only season.
c) 2 and 3 only Which of the statements given above is/are
d) 1, 2 and 3 correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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[9]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.53) Consider the following statements: 2. Brain drain may alter the relative resource
Statement I: More than 95% of the coal endowment of both origin and destination
deposits of India are found in Dharwar rocks. countries.
Statement II: Dharwad Rocks are mostly Which of the statements given above is/are
metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. correct?
Which one of the following is correct in a) 1 only
respect of the above statements? b) 2 only
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are c) Both 1 and 2
correct and Statement-II explains d) Neither 1 nor 2
Statement-I
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are Q.57) Consider the following statements about
correct, but Statement-II does not explain the mineral Diamond:
Statement-I 1. Diamond is the largest constituent item in
c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is the total value of mineral exports of India.
incorrect 2. India is the largest exporter of rough
d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II Diamond in the world.
is correct 3. India is the largest producer of the
diamond in the world.
Q.54) Arrange the following mountain ranges How many of the statements given above are
from North to South: correct?
1. Shiwalik Ranges a) Only one
2. Ladakh Range b) Only two
3. Zaskar Range c) All three
4. Pir Panjal Range d) None
Select the correct answer using the codes
given below: Q.58) Dulhasti, Salal, and Baglihar Hydropower
a) 2-3-4-1 Project are located on which of the following
b) 3-4-1-2 rivers in India?
c) 3-2-4-1 a) Jhelum
d) 2-3-1-4 b) Ravi
c) Chenab
Q.55) With reference to Paris Olympics 2024, d) Sutlej
consider the following pairs.
Indian Athletes Associated Sports Q.59) Gully erosion can lead to significant loss
Shooting of topsoil, damage to agricultural land, and
1. Manu Bhaker
environmental degradation. In this context,
2. Aman Shehrawat Wrestling
can gully erosion of soil be prevented by?
3. Swapnil kusale Hockey
1. Terracing
How many of the pairs given above are 2. Constructing a series of check dams
correctly matched? 3. Planting trees
a) Only one Select the correct answer from the code given
b) Only two below:
c) All three a) 1 and 2 only
d) None b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
Q.56) With reference to Migration, consider d) 1, 2 and 3
the following statements:
1. Migration affects the occupational
structure of both the source of origin and
the destination.

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[10]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.60) Consider the following statements: Q.63) Consider the following information:
1. The minimum age of marriage for both Conservation Description Usually
males and females in India is 21 years. Technique found in
2. The minimum age for registration as a 1. Bawari Step wells to Rajasthan
voter for both male and female in India is 18 store water in
years. arid region.
3. The minimum age for obtaining driving 2. Panamkeni Rainwater Gujarat
license for Light motor vehicle (LMV) in harvesting
India is 16 years for both male and female. structures
How many of the statements given above are used in coastal
correct? areas.
a) Only one 3. Kuhls Water channels Himachal
b) Only two designed to Pradesh.
c) All three divert stream
d) None water for
irrigation.
Q.61) Which of the following statements are 4. Zabo Integrated Ladakh
correct regarding definition of "census town " rainwater
formulated by the census of India? harvesting
1. It has a minimum population of 1 lakh system
2. It must have a cantonment board or involving
notified town area committee. ponds and
3. At least 75 per cent of the male main agriculture.
working population of the area is engaged In how many of the above rows is the given
in non-agricultural pursuits information correctly matched?
4. It has a population density of at least 400 a) Only one
people per sq. km. b) Only two
Select the correct answer from the code given c) Only three
below: d) All four
a) 1, 3 and 4 only
b) 1, 2 and 3 only Q.64) Consider the following statements
c) 3 and 4 only regarding Khadi and Village Industries
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only Commission (KVIC):
1. To promote employment opportunities in
Q.62) Consider the following pairs: rural areas.
Ghats/Passes Links 2. To encourage the production of marketable
1. Thal ghat Nashik to Mumbai in goods.
Maharashtra 3. To foster self-reliance and strengthen
2. Bhor ghat Mumbai to Pune in community spirit in rural regions.
Maharashtra Which of the above are the objectives of the
3. Pal ghat Palakkad (Kerala) to Khadi and Village Industries Commission
Coimbatore (Tamilnadu) (KVIC)?
How many of the pairs given above are a) 1 and 2 only
correctly matched? b) 2 and 3 only
a) Only one c) 1 and 3 only
b) Only two d) 1, 2, and 3
c) All three
d) None

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[11]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.65) Consider the following statements Q.69) Which of the following events are likely
regarding Centrally Sponsored schemes to occur during an El Niño year?
(CSSs): 1. Distortion of equatorial atmospheric
1. CSSs are 100% funded by Union circulation
Government. 2. Irregularities in the evaporation of
2. State Governments are not obligated to seawater
implement them in their respective states. 3. Heavy rainfall in the Indian subcontinent
3. These schemes are mainly formulated on Select the correct answer using the code given
subjects from the Union list. below:
Which of the statements given above is/are a) 1 and 2 only
correct? b) 2 only
a) 1 only c) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 only d) 1, 2, and 3
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 2 and 3 only Q.70) Recently, the term “Brandt line” was seen
in news in the context of which one of the
Q.66) Which of the following ports is being following?
developed with the aim of becoming India's a) It serves as a demarcation between the
first Green Hydrogen Hub? United States and Mexico, particularly in
a) Kandla Port relation to issues of illegal migration.
b) V. O. Chidambaranar Port b) It is a geographical boundary between
c) Visakhapatnam Port developing nations of North America and
d) Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNPT) Developing Nations of South America.
c) It is an imaginary line that highlights the
Q.67) Consider the following rivers in India: disparity in income and development
1. Wardha between Global North and Global South.
2. Bhima d) It is associated with the delineation of the
3. Vaigai Russia-Ukraine border to facilitate conflict
Arrange the above given rivers from North to resolution.
South by using the codes given below:
a) 1- 2- 3 Q.71) Consider the following:
b) 1-3- 2 1. Improving the stability of power grids
c) 2- 1- 3 2. Bringing down the peak deficit and peak
d) 3- 1- 2 tariffs of electricity
3. Reduction of carbon emission to the
Q.68) Consider the following tributaries of atmosphere
Godavari River: How many of the above are the benefits of
1. Indravati establishing Energy storage systems?
2. Sabari a) Only one
3. Wainganga b) Only two
Arrange above left bank tributaries of the c) All three
Godavari River from west to east using the d) None
codes given below:
a) 1- 3- 2
b) 1- 2- 3
c) 3-1- 2
d) 3-2- 1

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[12]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.72) With reference to Central Water Q.75) With reference to Global Development
Commission (CWC), consider the following Compact, consider the following statements:
statements: 1. The key objective of this compact is to
1. It is a statutory body established based on prioritize a human-centric approach to
the Water (Prevention and Control of development
Pollution) Act, 1974. 2. It is an initiative of China to provide long
2. The Commission is functioning as an term loan to least developed countries
attached office of the Ministry of Jal focussing on economic and human
Shakti. development.
3. It coordinates with states for the Select the correct answer using the code given
implementation of schemes for the below:
conservation and utilisation of water a) 1 only
resources. b) 2 only
Which of the statements given above is/are c) Both 1 and 2
correct? d) Neither 1 nor 2
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only Q.76) Consider the following information
c) 3 only regarding the Indian rivers:
d) 1, 2 and 3 River Origin Drains into
1.Krishna Mahabaleshwar Bay of
Q.73) With reference to geographical features Bengal
in India, consider the following statements 2.Narmada Aravalli Range Arabian Sea
about Karewas:
3.Luni Amarkantak Bay of
1. They are the lacustrine deposits consisting
Plateau Bengal
of glacial clay intermixed with moraines.
In how many of the above rows is the given
2. They are found on the slopes of Pir Panjal
information correctly matched?
range in Jammu and Kashmir.
a) Only one
3. They are well known for cultivation of
b) Only two
saffron.
c) All three
Which of the statements given above are
d) None
correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
Q.77) Consider the following statements
b) 2 and 3 only
regarding Gypsum mineral:
c) 1 and 3 only
1. It is a mineral commonly found in
d) 1, 2 and 3
sedimentary rock formations.
2. It is a critical component in the
Q.74) With reference to Pradhan Mantri Awas
manufacturing of cement.
Yojana- Urban (PMAY-U) Scheme, consider 3. Rajasthan is the largest producer of gypsum
the following statements: in India.
1. The scheme is applicable only to the 4. When gypsum is added to soil, it decreases
statutory towns as identified in the 2011 the soil's permeability.
census data. Which of the statements given above are
2. The scheme includes In-situ correct?
redevelopment of slums with the a) 1 and 2 only
participation of private sector. b) 2, 3, and 4 only
3. Affordable Rental Housing Complexes c) 1, 2, and 3 only
(ARHCs) is a sub scheme under PMAY-U. d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

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[13]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.78) With reference to the location of 2. The Indus River flows between the Ladakh
industries in India, consider the following range and Zanskar.
statements: 3. The Ravi River flows through the Chamba
1. Sugar mills in India are generally located in valley and joins the Chenab in Pakistan.
sugarcane-growing areas. Which of the statements given above are
2. Pig iron industries in India are often correct?
located near their raw material sources. a) 1 and 2 only
3. Aluminum and synthetic nitrogen b) 2 and 3 only
manufacturing industries tend to be c) 1 and 3 only
located near sources of power. d) 1, 2, and 3
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? Q.82) Consider the following pairs regarding
a) 1 only the tree species and the forests they are
b) 1 and 3 only commonly found in:
c) 2 and 3 only Tree Species Commonly found in Forests
d) 1, 2, and 3 1. Red sanders Dry Deciduous forests
2. Sundari Mangrove forests
Q.79) Consider the following places in India: 3. Rosewood Thorn forests
1. Kashmir Valley 4. Neem Tropical Evergreen Forests
2. Western Himachal Pradesh How many of the pairs given above are
3. Southern Gujarat correctly matched?
4. Coastal Tamil Nadu a) Only one
5. Northeastern states of India b) Only two
Which of the above given places are classified c) Only three
under Zone V (Very Severe Intensity Zone) for d) All four
earthquakes according to the seismic zone
map by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)? Q.83) Which one of the following has the
a) 1 and 2 only highest international country-to-country
b) 2, 3, and 4 only migration as per the World Migration Report
c) 1, 3, and 5 only 2024 launched by the International
d) 1, 2 and 5 only Organization for Migration (IOM)?
a) Ukraine-Russian Federation
Q.80) With reference to Guru Ghasidas-Tamor b) Afghanistan-Pakistan
Pingla Tiger Reserve, consider the following c) Bangladesh-India
statements: d) Mexico-United states of America
1. It is the largest tiger reserve in India.
2. Mahanadi River flows through this tiger Q.84) Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a
reserve. low-pressure zone, is located-
3. It is the first Tiger reserve in the state of a) between Trade winds and westerlies belt.
Chhattisgarh. b) between Westerlies and Polar winds belt.
How many of the statements given above are c) near the poles.
correct? d) near the equator.
a) Only one
b) Only two Q.85) With reference to India’s biodiversity,
c) All Three Malabar Tree Toad is:
d) None a) Insect
b) Reptile
Q.81) Consider the following statements about c) Amphibian
the Indus River and its tributaries: d) Primates
1. The Shyok River originates at the Rimo
Glacier and is a right bank tributary of
Indus.

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[14]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.86) Consider the following statements: Q.89) Consider the following pairs of different
Statement-I: The Government of India regions of the Northern Plains and their
launched the Jal Shakti Abhiyan to implement features.
Sustainable water management practices. Region Feature
Statement-II: India is suffering from the one 1. Bhabhar High porosity making the small
of the worst water crises in its entire history. streams disappear
Which one of the following is correct in 2. Terai Not suitable for cultivation of
respect of the above statements? crops
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 3. Khadar It contains concretions and
correct and Statement-II explains nodules of calcium carbonate
Statement-I 4. Bangar Soil is dark in colour, rich in
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are humus and productive
correct, but Statement-II does not explain Which of the pairs given above are correctly
Statement-I matched?
c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is a) 1, 2 and 4 only
incorrect b) 2 and 3 only
d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II c) 2, 3 and 4 only
is correct d) 1 and 4 only

Q.87) With reference to Tiger reserves in India, Q.90) Arrange the following South China Sea
consider the following pairs: Islands from North to South:
Tiger Reserves States 1. Paracels Islands
1. Kamlang Arunachal Pradesh 2. Spratlys Islands
2. Amrabad Andhra Pradesh 3. Scarborough Shoal
3. Veerangana Durgavati West Bengal Select the correct answer using the codes
4. Dholpur-karauli Rajasthan given below:
How many of the pairs given above are a) 1-3-2
correctly matched? b) 2-1-3
a) Only one c) 2-3-1
b) Only two d) 1-2-3
c) Only three
d) All four Q.91) “It is one of the prominent Peninsular
rivers. Its major tributaries include Seonath,
Q.88) Consider the following statements Hasdeo, Mand, Ib, Jonk and Ong. Konark and
regarding ‘Indian Desert’: Cuttack are a few important towns located
1. The underlying rock structure of the desert along its course.”
is an extension of the Himalayan range. Which river is being described in the
2. Barchans and Playas are some of the paragraph above?
prominent features of the Indian desert. a) Vamsadhara
Which of the statements given above is/are b) Godavari
correct? c) Narmada
a) 1 only d) Mahanadi
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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[15]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.92) These forests are found in Andaman and As per World Trade Organization's Trade
Nicobar, upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu Statistics 2023 report, India-
coast. The trees reach great heights up to 60 1. has overtook Japan as the second-largest
meters or even above. Since the region is exporter of automotive products in 2022.
warm and wet throughout the year, it has a 2. stood at first position in the ranking of
luxuriant vegetation of trees, shrubs and services trader in 2022.
creepers giving it a multi-layered structure. Which of the statements given above is/are
There is no definite time for trees to shed their correct?
leaves. Some of the commercially important a) 1 only
trees of this forest are ebony, mahogany, b) 2 only
rosewood, rubber and cinchona. c) Both 1 and 2
Which of the following types of forest the d) Neither 1 nor 2
above paragraph refers to?
a) Tropical Deciduous forests Q.96) Consider the following Neighbouring
b) Dry Deciduous Forests Countries of India:
c) Tropical Evergreen forests 1. China
d) Littoral/Swamp Forests 2. Nepal
3. Bangladesh
Q.93) In context of Indian geology, what does 4. Pakistan
the term ‘Rohi’ refer to? Arrange the countries given above in the
a) The badlands developed by sudden floods descending order of their border length with
in arid to semiarid areas of western desert. India:
b) The fertile land developed by the seasonal a) 3-1-4-2
rivers between Aravalli and western desert. b) 1-3-4-2
c) The valleys created by collision of Eurasian c) 1-3-2-4
plate and the Indian plate as a result of d) 3-1-2-4
folding.
d) The newer and younger deposits of the Q.97) With reference to the Meghalaya Plateau,
floodplains in the terai region. consider the following statements:
1. It is an extension of the Peninsular Plateau
Q.94) Consider the following statements block.
regarding the longitudinal and latitudinal 2. It is extremely devoid of minerals.
extent of India: 3. It has highly denuded topography.
Statement I: The longitudinal and latitudinal Which of the statements given above are
extent of India is roughly the same. correct?
Statement II: The distance between two a) 1 and 2 only
latitudes and two longitudes is standard and b) 2 and 3 only
remains the same everywhere. c) 1 and 3 only
Which one of the following is correct with d) 1, 2 and 3
respect to the above statements?
a) Both the Statement I and Statement II are Q.98) Which of the following peaks are located
correct and Statement II is the correct in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
explanation for statement I. 1. Mount Thuiller
b) Both statement I and Statement II are 2. Saddle peak
correct but Statement II is not the correct 3. Mount Diavolo
explanation for Statement I. 4. Mount Koyob
c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is Select the correct answer from the code given
incorrect. below:
d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is a) 1,2 and 3 only
correct. b) 1,2 and 4 only
c) 2,3 and 4 only
Q.95) Consider the following statements: d) 1,2,3 and 4

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[16]
 PTS 2025 | Test Code : 211210 |

Q.99) Which of the following rivers flow

through a rift valley?
1. Damodar
2. Narmada
3. Tapti
Select the correct answer using the codes
given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.100) With reference to Legionnaires'

disease, recently seen in news, consider the
following statements:
1. It is caused by bacteria.
2. It causes severe cardiac arrest especially in
old age people.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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