BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 1st Year

SYLLABUS

ANATOMY

Time:3hrs M.Marks: 100

Theory: 80+20 Int. assess = 100

Note: The question paper covering the entire course shall be divided into two sections.
Each section to be attempted in a separate answer book and to be evaluated by separate
examiners.

Question1: This will consist of five short answer questions with answer to each question upto
five lines in length. All questions will be compulsory. Each question will carry 3 marks total
weightage being 15 marks.

Question2: This will consist of one medium answer question with answer to each question upto
three pages in length. One question will be set by the examiner and will be compulsory. This
question will consist of 10 marks.

Question3: This will consist of two long answer questions with answer to each question upto 5
pages in length. Two questions will be set by the examiner and the candidate will be required to
attempt one. Each question will carry 15 marks.

SECTION A:

I General Introduction: 24 Hrs/16Marks

1. Histology-- Theory and microscopic sections of loose connective tissue, dense connective
tissue (tendons and ligamentumnuchae), epithelium, areolar tissue, adipose tissue,
hyaline, elastic and fibrous cartilage, compact and spongy bone, bone marrow, compact
and spongy bone, bone marrow, skeletal, smooth & cardiac muscle, nerve lymph node
etc.
2. Osteology-- Theory of structure, function, growth, fracture and repair of bones. Physical
study of all the bones in the body. Also general features and functions of cartilage,
tendon, ligament, articular capsule, synovial membranes, bursae, menisci, intraarticular
cartilages. Classification of joints with their examples and specific features.
3. General Embrology—Development of germs cells, development of muscles, bones,
joints & nerves etc.

II Systems of human body: 36 Hrs/24Marks

1. Cardio- Vascular system—Description of arteries, capillaries, veins on a regional basis.

Heart, Lymphatic system.
2. Respiratory system—Anatomy of upper and lower respiratory tract including nose,
larynx, trachea, bronchi, pleura and lungs. Also muscles of normal and forced respiration.
Description of intercostal spaces with surface markings.
 3. Digestive system—Anatomy og gastrointestinal tract with special em[hasis on surface
marking.
4. Urogenital system—Anatomy of urinary system, male and female reproductive systems.
5. Endocrine system—The various endocrine glandswith their structure, function and
neuroregulation. Role of hypothalamus.
6. Integumentary system: dermatomes

Section B
III Neuro-anatomy: Development & organization of CNS 22 Hrs/15Mraks

Microscopic and gross study of:

1.Peripheral nerves 2. Neuromuscular junction

3.Sensory end organs 4. Spinal cord segments &
5.Brainstem 6.Cerebellum
7.Inferiorcolliculi 8.Superior colliculi
9.Diencephalon 10.Hypothalamus
11.Epithalamus 12.Thalamus
13.Cerebral hemispheres 14.Corpus striatum
15.Rhinencephalon 16.Lateral ventricles
17.Meninges 18.Blood supply of bones

19.Internal capsule 20.Visual radiation

21.Auditory radiation 22.Thalamocortical radiations

23.Pyramidal systems 24.Extrapyramidal systems

25.Anatomicalintegeration 26.Intracortical integeration

27.Sympathetic system 28.Para sympathetic system.

29.Cranial nerves

IV Musculoskeletal system 30 Hrs./20Marks

A. Myology
1. The fascia and muscles of upper limb.
2. The fascia and muscles of lower limb.
3. The fascia and muscles of trunk.
4. The fascia and muscles of head, neck and face.
5. Muscles of eye.
 B. Osteology and Arthrology
1. General structure and classification of all bones of skeleton and their attachments.
2. Classification of joints.
3. Movement of joints.
4. Factors permitting and limiting movement of joints.
5. Joints of upper limb.
6. Joints of lower limb, arches of foot.
7. Shoulder girdle.
8. Pelvic girdle.
9. Joints of head, neck and T.M joints.
10. Joints of trunk.

V Surface and Radiological anatomy 8 Hrs./5Marks

Surface anatomy of the body.Radiographic appearance of musculoskeletal system of upper

limb, lower limb & Spine.

Books Suggested:

1. Inderbeer Singh, textbook of anatomy with colour atlas- vol.1,2,3. Jaypee brothers.
2. B.D Chaurasia, Human Anatomy- vol.1,2,3, CBS publishers and distributers.
3. Meminn’s Last’s Anatomy- Regional and applied, Churchill Livingstone.
4. Meminn’s et al- A colour atlas of human anatomy, Mosby.
5. Conningham Manual of practical anatomy Vol. I,II.III, Churchill. Livingstone.
6. Inderbeer Singh, A textbook on human neuroanatomy, Jaypee brothers.
7. Snell- Clinical Anatomy_ Lippincott.
8. Williams &Warnick, Gray’s Anatomy- Churchill Livingstone.
9. Textbook of Osteology – Inderbeer Singh.
 BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 1st Year

SYLLABUS

PHYSIOLOGY

Time: 3 hrs M. Marks: 100

Theory: 80+20 Int. assess = 100

Note: The question paper covering the entire course shall be divided into two sections.
Each section to be attempted in a separate answer book and to be evaluated by separate
examiners.

Question1: This will consist of five short answer questions with answer to each question upto
five lines in length. All questions will be compulsory. Each question will carry 3 marks total
weightage being 15 marks.

Question2: This will consist of one medium answer question with answer to each question upto
three pages in length. One question will be set by the examiner and will be compulsory. This
question will consist of 10 marks.

Question3: This will consist of two long answer questions with answer to each question upto 5
pages in length. Two questions will be set by the examiner and the candidate will be required to
attempt one. Each question will carry 15 marks.

SECTION A:

I General Introduction: 15 Hrs/10Marks

1. Cell Introduction: Outline of basic concepts of cell structure, functions of componentsand

transport across membranes.
2. Skin: Functions, Blood of flow and temperature regulation.
3. Blood and lymph: Cell renewal system, Haemoglobin, erythrocyte granulocyte,
lymphocyte, coagulation, regulation of hydrogen within concentration of body fluids,
fluid didtribution and exchange.

II Physiology of system of body 45 Hrs./30Marks

1. Digestion: Control of food and water intake and secretion and absorption movements of
the alimentary canal.
2. Circulation: Cardiovascular system, mechanical and electrophysiological activity of the
heart, regulation of heart, coronary circulation, haemodynamics, circulation through
brain, skin and skeletal muscle.
3. Excretion: Renal functions including formation of urine and micturition.
4. Respiration: Respiratory gases, pulmonary gas exchange, control and mechanocs of
breathing, hypoxia, asphyxia, dyspnea, oxygen therapy and micturition.
5. Endocrine system: outline of various hormones and their actions, pituitary gland, thyroid,
parathyroid, adrenal glands and gonads.
6. General metabolism: carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.
 Section - B
III Neurophysiology 30 Hrs./20Marks

1. Neuron: Properties and function.

2. Action Potential.
3. Special properties of nerve trunks and tracts.
4. Motor units.
5. Reflex physiology.
6. Synapse and synaptic transmission.
7. Supraspinal control.
8. Cerebellum and basal ganglia.
9. Autonomic nervous system.
10. Somatic sensation.
11. Pain.
12. Taste, olfaction, Auditory, visual.
13. Neuro- Physiological Psychology.

IV Muscle Physiology 15 Hrs./10Marks

1. Structure and function of muscle tissue- skeletal and cardiac.

2. Chemical processes involved in musvle contraction.
3. Physiology of muscle contraction.

V Physiology of exercise and work 15 Hrs./10Marks

1. Neuromuscular activity, human movement, physiological mechanism in movement

behavior, strength, endurance, analysis of movement.
2. Circulatory and respiratory response to exercise including effects on the heart blood
circulation body fluid changes, pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, transport etc.
3. Effects of exercise and work on other body functions.
4. Metabolic and environmental aspects of exercise and work- metabolism, energy
requirement, efficiency of muscular work, nutritional aspects, heat and body temperature
regulation & environmental factors.
5. Effects of exercise training- endurance, fatigue and recovery.
6. Fitness and health- age, sex, body type, race, stress and medical aspects of exercise.
 BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 1st Year

SYLLABUS

BIOCHEMISTRY

Time: 3 hrs M. Marks:100

Theory: 80+20 Int. assess = 100
Teaching Hours: 120 hrs Theory: 100
Note: The question paper covering the entire course shall be divided into two sections.
Each section to be attempted in a separate answer book and to be evaluated by separate
examiners.
Question1: This will consist of five short answer questions with answer to each question upto
five lines in length. All questions will be compulsory. Each question will carry 3 marks total
weightage being 15 marks.

Question2: This will consist of one medium answer question with answer to each question upto
three pages in length. One question will be set by the examiner and will be compulsory. This
question will consist of 10 marks.

Question3: This will consist of two long answer questions with answer to each question upto 5
pages in length. Two questions will be set by the examiner and the candidate will be required to
attempt one. Each question will carry 15 marks.

SECTION A:

Approx
Sr Allocation
Topics
No Teaching
Marks
Hrs
1. Biophysics: Concept of pH and buffers, acid base equilibrium
osmotic pressure and its physiological applications.
2. Cell: Morphology, structure & function of cell, cell
membrane, Nucleus, Chromatin, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic
1 Reticulum, Ribosomes 17 13
3. Carbohyrates: Definition, functions, sources, classification,
Monosaccharides, Disaachrides. Polysaccharides,
Mucopolusaccharide and its importance
4. Lipids: Definition, function, sources, classification, simple
lipid, compound lipid, derived lipid, unsaturated and saturated
fatty acid. Essential fatty acids and their importance, blood
lipids and their implications, cholesterol and its importance
2 5. Proteins definition, sources, classification, simple protein, 20 13
conjugated protein, derived proteins and its properties
6. Nucleic acid: Structure and function of DNA & RNA,
Nucleiosides, nucleiotides, genetic code, biologically
important nucleotides.
7. Enzymes: Definitions, classification, mode of action, factors
affecting enzyme action, clinical importance of enzyme.
8. Vitamins: Classification, Fat soluble vitamins, A,D,E,K.
Water soluble vitamins B& C, Daily requirements,
3 physiological functions and diseases of vitamin deficiency 21 14
9. Bioenergetics: Concept of free energy change, exergonic and
endogenic reactions, concepts regarding energy rich
compounds, respiratory chain and biological oxidation
 SECTION -B
10. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, HMP shunt pathway,
TCA cycle, glycogenolysis, glucongensis, maintenance of
blood glucose.
11. Lipid Metabolism: Fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis,
4 metabolism of cholesterol, ketone bodies, atheroscelerosis and 21 14
obesity.
12. Protein metabolism: Transamination, Transmethylation,
deamination, Fate of ammonia, urea synthesis and synthesis
of creatinine, inborn errors of metabolism.
13. Water &Electrolyte fluid compartment, daily intake and
output sodium and potassium metabolism.
14. Nutrition: Balance, diet metabolism in exercise and injury,
5 diet for chronically ill and terminally ill patients. 18 13
15. Connective tissue: Mucopolysaccharide connective tissue
protein, glycoprotein, chemistry and metabolism of bone
16. Nerve tissue: Composition, metabolism, chemical mediators
of nerve activity.
17. Hormones: General characteristics and mechanism of
6 hormone action insulin, glucagone, thyroid, parathyroid 23 13
hormones, cortical and sex hormones.
18. Isotopes: Isotopes and their role in treatment and diagnosis of
diseases.

Books Suggested:

1. Medical Biochemistry for physiotherapy students- HarpreetKaur—Jaypee Brothers.

2. Textbook of biochemistry- Chatterjee M.N. – Jaypee Brothers.
3. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students- Vasudevan D.M.-Jaypee Brothers.
4. Clinical biochemistry- Metabolic and clinical aspects- Marshall and Bangert Churchill
Livingstone.
5. Biochemistry by Southerland.
 BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 1st Year

SYLLABUS

ELECTROTHERAPY – I

Time : 3 hrs M. Marks: 100

Theory: 80+20 Int. assess = 100

Note: The question paper covering the entire course shall be divided into two sections.
Each section to be attempted in a separate answer book and to be evaluated by separate
examiners.

Question1: This will consist of five short answer questions with answer to each question upto
five lines in length. All questions will be compulsory. Each question will carry 3 marks total
weightage being 15 marks.

Question2: This will consist of one medium answer question with answer to each question upto
three pages in length. One question will be set by the examiner and will be compulsory. This
question will consist of 10 marks.

Question3: This will consist of two long answer questions with answer to each question upto 5
pages in length. Two questions will be set by the examiner and the candidate will be required to
attempt one. Each question will carry 15 marks.

SECTION A:

I Physical Principles: 39 Hrs/ 25Marks

Structure and properties of matter- solids, liquids, gases, adhesion, surface tension, viscosity,
density and elasticity.

Structure of atoms, Molecules, elements and compounds.

Election Theory, static and current theory.

Conductors, Insulators, Potential difference, Resistance & Intensity.

Ohm’s Law- Its application to AC & DC currents.

a) Rectifying devices—Thermionic Valves, Semiconductors, Transisters, amplifiers,

Transducers Oscillator Circuits.
b) Capacitance, condensers in DC and AC circuits.
c) Display devices and Indicators- analogue & digital.

Effects of Current Electricity:

1. Chemical effects- Ions and electrolytes, Ionisation, Production of a E.M.F by chemical

action.
P.T.O.
 2. Magnetic effects, Molecular theory of Magnetism, Magnetic fields, Electromagnetic
induction.
3. Milli ammeter and voltmeter, Transformers and choke coil.
a) Thermal effects- Joule’s Law and heat production.
4. Physical principles of sound and its properties.
5. Physical principles of light and its properties.
6. Electromagnetic spectrum- biophysical application.

Section –II Electrical supply: 9 Hrs./ 6 Marks

a) Brief outline of main supply of electric current.

b) Dangers- Short circuits, electric shocks.
c) Precautions- Safety devices, earthing and fuses, etc.
d) First aid & initial management of electric shock.

Section –III Low Frequency currents 35 Hrs./ 22 Marks

1. Introduction to direct, alternating & modified currents

2. Production of direct current- Physiological and therapeutic effects of constant current,
anodal and cathodal galvanism, ionization and their application in various conditions.
3. Iontophoresis: Principles of clinical application, indication, contraindication, precaution,
operational skills of equipment & patient preparation.
4. Modified direct current- various pulses, duration, frequency and their effects on Nerve
and muscle tissue, Production of interrupted and surged current & their effects.
5. Modified direct current- Physiological and therapeutic effects, principles of clinical
application, indication, contraindications, precautions, operational skills of equipment
and patient preparation.
6. Transcutaneous Electrical nerve stimulation (TENS):

a) Types of low frequency, pulse width, frequencies and intensities used as TENS
applications.
b) Theories of pain relief by Tens.
7. Principle of clinical application, effects and uses, indications, contraindications,
precautions, operational skills of equipment and patient preparation.

Section- IV Electrical Reactions and electrodiagnostic tests: 19 Hrs/ 12 Marks

Electrical stimuli and normal behavior of nerve and muscle tissue.
Types of lesion and development of reaction of degeneration.
Faradic- Intermittent direct current test.
S.D curve and its application.
Chronaxie, Rheobase& pulse ratio.
Section- V 15 Hrs/ 10 Marks
1. Infra red rays – Wavelength, frequency, types and sources of IRR generation, techniques
of irradiation, physiological and therapeutic effects , indication, contraindications,
precautions, operational skills of equipment and patient preparation.

2. Ultraviolet rays:(UVR)

• Wavelength, frequency, types and sources of UVR generation, techniques of

irradiation, physiological and therapeutic effects , indication, contraindications,
precautions, operational skills of equipment and patient preparation.
• Dosimetry of UVR.

Section- VI Superficial Heat- Paraffin wax bath, moist heat, electrical heating pads

8 Hrs./ 5 Marks

a) Mechanism of production
b) Mode of heat transfer
c) Physiological and therapeutic effects

Indication, contraindications, precautions, operational skills of equipment and patient

preparation.

Books Suggested:

1. Electrotherapy explained- Principles and practice- Low & Reed- Butterworth Heinmann.
2. Clayton’s Electrotherapy, 9th ed. Forster &PalastangaBallieraTindalll.
3. Therapeutic heat and cold- Lehmann- Williams & Wilkins.
4. Principles and practice of electrotherapy- Kahn- Churchill Livingstone.
5. Textbook of Electrotherapy- Jagmohan Singh- Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi.
 BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 1st Year

SYLLABUS

EXERCISETHERAPY – I

Time: 3 hrs M. Marks : 100

Theory: 80+20 Int. assess = 100

Note: The question paper covering the entire course shall be divided into two sections.
Each section to be attempted in a separate answer book and to be evaluated by separate
examiners.

Question1: This will consist of five short answer questions with answer to each question upto
five lines in length. All questions will be compulsory. Each question will carry 3 marks total
weightage being 15 marks.

Question2: This will consist of one medium answer question with answer to each question upto
three pages in length. One question will be set by the examiner and will be compulsory. This
question will consist of 10 marks.

Question3: This will consist of two long answer questions with answer to each question upto 5
pages in length. Two questions will be set by the examiner and the candidate will be required to
attempt one. Each question will carry 15 marks.

SECTION -A

Section-I 38 Hrs/25 Marks

Introduction to Exercise therapy, principles, techniques and general areas of its application,
assessment and its importance.

Description of fundamental starting positions and derived positions including joint positions,
muscle work, stability, effects and uses.

Introduction to Movements including analysis of joint motion and muscle work.

Classification of Movements- Describe the types, techniques of application, indications,

contraindications, effects and uses of the following:

a)Active movement b)Passive movement

c)Active assisted movement d)Resisted movement

e)To study the principles, techniques of application, indication, precaution, effects and uses of
suspension therapy.

Section-II Manual muscle testing 15 Hrs.

a) Principles and application techniques of MMT.

 b) Testing position, procedure and grading of muscles of the upper limb, lower and trunk
etc.

Section –III Goniometry 7 Hrs.

Goniometers and its types

a) Principles, techniques and application of goniometry.

b) Testing position, procedure and measurement of R.O.M. of the joints of upper limb,
lower limb and trunk.

Section- IV Soft tissue manipulation( Therapeutic massage) 22 Hrs.

a) History, various types of soft tissue manipulation techniques.

b) Physiological effects of soft tissue manipulation on the following systems of the body:-
circulatory, nervous, Musculoskeletal, Excretory, Respiratory, Integumentary system and
metabolism.
c) Classify, define and describe- effleurage, stroking, kneading, petrissage, deep friction,
vibration and shaking etc.
d) Preparation of patient: Effects, uses, indications and contraindications of the above
manipulation.

Section- V Motor Learning 15 Hrs.

I. Introduction to Motor learning

i. Classification of Motor Skills.
ii. Measurememt of Motor performance
II. Introduction to Motor Control
i. Theories of Motor Control
ii. Applications
III. Learning Environment
i. Learning of skill
ii. Instruction & augmented feedback
iii. Practice conditions

Section- VI Relaxation and therapeutic Gymnasium 23 Hrs.

Relaxation
1. Describe relaxation, muscle fatigue, muscle spasm and tension (mental and physical).
2. Factors contributing to fatigue & tension.
3. Techniques of relaxation (local &general).
4. Effects, uses and clinical application.
5. Indication and contraindication.
Therapeutic Gymnasium
I. Set up of a gymnasium & its importance.
II. Various equipments in the gymnasium.
Operational skills, effects & uses of each equipment.
 EXERCISE THERAPY PRACTICAL

1. To practice all the soft tissue manipulative techniques region wise- upper limb, lower
limb, neck, back and face.
2. To practice measurement of R.O.M of joints- upper limb, lower limb & trunk.
3. To practice the grading of muscle strength region wise- upper limb, lower limb, trunk.
4. To study the position of joints, muscle work and stability of various fundamental and
derived positions.
5. To study the different types of muscle contraction, muscle work, group action of muscles
and co-ordinated movements.
6. To practice the various types of suspension therapy and its application on various parts of
body- region wise.
7. To study & practice local and general relaxation techniques.
8. To study the structure and function along with application of various equipment of
various equipment in a gymnasium.

Books Suggested:
1. Practical Exercise therapy- Hollis- Blackwell Scientific publications.
2. Therapeutic Exercise- Basmajen- Williams and wilkins.
3. Therapeutic Exercises Foundations and Techniques- Kisner& Colby- F.A davis.
4. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation- Voss et al- William and Wilkins.
5. Principle of Exercise therapy- Gardiner- C.B.S Delhi.
6. Beard’s massage- Wood- W.B Saunders.
7. Motor control- theory and practical applications Shumway- Cook &Wallcott-
Lippincoptt.
8. Hydrotherapy, principles and practices- Campion- Butterworth Heinmann.
9. Muscle testing and functions- Kendall- Williams and Wilkins.
10. Daniel and Worthingham’s- muscle testing- Hislop&Montgometry- W.B. Saunders.
11. Measurement of joint motion: A guide to Goniometry- Norkins& White F.A Davis.
12. Massage for Therapist:- Margaret Hollis.
 Computer Applications (Practical)

M. marks:50

Int. assess: 10

Teaching Hours: Practical: 50

Note- Only pratical examination will be conducted for this paper.

• To study the various components of a personnel computer.

• To have working knowledge of various hardwares and softwares.

• To have working knowledge of common operating systems.

• To practice the operational skills of common computer computer applications, including

work processing and spread sheet software.

• To have a basic knowledge of utility of multi-media.

• To learn skills of web surfing- For literature, researches relevant to field of medicine.
Paper—VII English (Theory)

Time: 1 hr 30 min M.Marks: 50

Teaching Hours: Theory: 50

Un Time(H Learning Content Teaching Learning Assesssment

it rs) objectives Activities methods
I. 10 Speak and • Review of • Demonstrate • Objectiv
write Grammer use of e type
grammatical • Remedial dictionary • Fill in
ly correct study of • Class room the
English grammer conversation blanks
building • Exercise on • Para
• Vocabulary use of phrasing
• Phonetics grammer
• Public • Practice in
speaking public
speaking
II 10 Develop • Read and • Exercise on: . Short answer
ability to comprehend - Reading . Essay type
read, passages - Summarizing
understand • Note making - Comprehensio
and express n
meaningfull
y the
prescribed
text.
III. 10 Develop • Various forms • Exercise on Assessment of
writing of writing skills based on
skills composition - Letter writing the check list.
- Letter writing - Precise
- Precise - Diary
writing - Health
- Notice writing problems
- Anecdotal - Story writing
records - Resume/ CV
- Diary writing - Discussion
- Report on
health
IV. 10 Develop • Spoken • Exercise on Assessment of
skills in English - Debating skills based on
spoken - Oral report - Participating the check list.
English - Discussion in seminar
- Debate - Panel
- Telephonic symposium
conversation - Telephonic
conversation
V. 10 Develop • Spoken • Exercise on Assessment of
skills in English - Debating skills based on
spoken - Oral report - Participating the check list.
 English - Discussion in seminar
- Debate - Panel
Telephonic symposium
conversation Telephonic
conversation
VI. 10 Develop - Listening • Exercise on Assessment of
skills in - Comprehensio - Listening to skills based on
listening, n audio, video, the check list.
comprehens - Media, audio, tapes and
ion video, identify the
speeches etc. key points.