IMPORTANT FORMULAE
Chemical Name Symbol with charge Formula Chemical Name Symbol with charge Formula
Potassjum chloride Kl*C1 KCI Potassium plumbite Kl"PbO} K,PbO,
Potassium bromide Kl"Brl KBr Sodium chloride Nalcj NaCi
Potassium iodide Kl* KI Sodium hydroxide Na"OHl NaOH
Potassium hydroxide Kl"OHI KOH Sodium nitrite NalNO NaNO,
PoBassium nitrite Kl'NO} KNO, Sodium nitrate Nal"NO NaNO,
Potassium nitrate Kl*NO KNO, Sodium hydrogen NalHCO! NaHCO,
carbonate
Potassium hydrogen Kl"HCO! KHCO,
carbonate Sodium hydrogen sulphite Na*HSO NaHSO,
Polassium hydrogen K*HSo! KHSO, Sodium hydrogen sulphate NalHSO NaHSO,
sulphite Sodium metaluminate NaltAlO} NaAIO,
Potassium hydrogen Kl*HSO KHSO, Sodium sulphite Nal"so Na,so,
sulphate Sodium sulphate Nalso? Na,SO,
Potassium metaluminate Kl*AlO KAIO, Sodium carbonate Nal"co? Na,Co,
Potassiumn permanganate KMnO KMnO, Sodium zincate Nal°ZnO3 NaZn0,
Potassium sulphite Kl*sO K,SO, Sodium plumbite Nal*PbO3 Na,PbO,
Potassiurm sulphate Kl*sO K,SO, Silver chloride Agl*Cl AgCi
Potassium carbonate Kl*coB K,CO, Ammonium chloride NH"CI1 NH, C1
Potassium dichromate Kl"Cr,0? K,Cr,0, Ammonium sulphate NH'SO (NH,),SO,
Potassium zincate KlZnO K,Zn0, Ammonium hydroxide NH*OHI NH,OH
Calcium chloride CacCil CaCl, Lead (I] sulphate P2*s0? PbSO,
Calcium hydroxide CazOH Ca(OH), Lead [I] oxide Pb2*02 PbO
Calcium nitrate CalNO Ca(NO,), Mangancse chloride Mn2+CT MnCl,
Calcium bydrogen CaHCO Ca(HCO,h Manganese sulphate Mn2*sO MnSO,
carbonate Aluminium chloride AI*CI AICI,
Calciurm hydrogen sulphite Ca*HSO Ca(HSO,), Aluminium sulphate A"SO? Al,(SO);
Calcium sulphite caso CaSO, Aluminium hydroxide A|P*OH! Al(OH),
Aluminium sulphide AI*S2 Al,S;
Calcium sulphate Cal"so? CaSO, Aluminium oxide AO' Al,0,
Chromium chloride CrCTl CrCi,
Calcium carbonate Calcof CaCO, Chromium sulphate Cr*sO? Cr,(S0),
Chromium oxide Cr,0,
Calcium oxide Ca²*02 CaO
Copper (l] (cuprous)
Calcium silicate casio} CaSiO, Copper [l] chloride CulCi CuC1
Ca*N Copper (I] oxide Cul*o Cu,0
Calcium nitride Ca,N, Copper (] sulphide Cu,s
Copper (II] (cupric)
Magnesium chloide Mg2C1l MgCl, Copper (li] chloride Cu2"Cil CuCi,
Copper [Il] hydroxide Cu2*OH Cu(OH),
Magnesium hydroxide Mg2*OH Mg(OH),
Copper [II] nitrate CuNO Cu(NO),
Mg?*NO} Copper [lI] sulphate Cul*sot CuSO,
Magnesium nitrate Mg(NO) Copper [IlJ sulphide CuS
Magnesium oxide Mg?*0² MgO Copper [|l] oxide
Iron (II] (ferrous)
Magnesium nitride Mg2"N Mg,N, Iron (II] chloride Fe*C1 FeCl,
Iron [ll] hydroxide Fe2*OH Fe(OH),
Zinc chloride Zn'*Ci ZaCl, Iron (IIj nitrate PeNO Fe(NO,),
Iron [ll] sulphate Feso} FeSO,
Zinc hydroxide ZnOH Zn(OH), Iron (1l] sulphide Fe+g2 FeS
Zinc nitrate Zn'NO Zn(NO,), Iron (|] oxide Fez*02 FeO
Zinc sulphate Znso? ZnSO, Iron [III] (ferric)
Zinc carbonate Zn²*co ZnCO, Iron JI] chloride Fe*Ca
Zinc oxide Zn2*02 ZnO Iron [lll) sulphate Fe*so
Lead [I] chloride P2+C| PbC1, Iron (ll] hydroxide Fe*OHl
Lcad [I) bromide PL2*B, PbBr, Iron (l] sulphide Fes2
Lead [I1] hydroxide P2"OH Pb(OH), Iron (II] nitrate Fe*NO4
Lead (I1] nitrate P*NO, Pb(NO,), Iron (III] oxide Feo2 Fe,0,
Table 1.3 : List of some common electrovalent positive ions (basic radicals)
Monovalent electropositive Divalent electropositive Trivalent electropositive
1. Ammonium NH, 1. Argentic (Silver(l)] Ag 1. Aluminium A3+
2. Aurous (Gold ()) Aut 2. Barium Ba2+ 2. Arsenic As+
3. Argentous (Silver ()) Ag* 3. Calcium Ca2* 3. Auric [Gold (Im)) Au
4. Cuprous (Copper (1)) Cut 4. Cupric [Copper(D)] Cuz* 4. Bismuth Bi+
5. Hydrogen H+ 5. Ferrous (Iron (1)] Fe2+ 5. Chromium
6. Lithium Li 6. Magnesium Mg* 6. Ferric [Iron (l)) Fe3t
7. Sodium Nat 7. Manganese Mn2+
8. Potassium K* 8. Mercuric (Mercury (Il)] Hg2+ Tetravalent electropositive
9. Mercurous (Mercury ()] Hg* 9. Nickel Ni2+ 1. Plumbic (Lead (IV)) Pb+
10. Plumbous (Lead (II)] Pb2+ 2. Platinic [Platinium (IV)]
11. Platinous [Platinum (I)] Pr2+ 3. Stannic (Tin (IVI Snt
12. Stannous (Tin ()] Sn2+
13. Zinc Znz+
Table 1.4: List of some common electrovalent negative ions (acid radicals)
Monovalent electronegative Divalent electronegative Trivalent electronegative
1. Acetate CH,CO0 1. Carbonate co,+ 1. Arsenate AsO,+
2. Bicarbonate or 2. Dichromate Cr,0, 2. Nitride
Hydrogen carbonate HCO,
3. Bisulphide or 3. Oxide 3. Aluminate AIO,
Hydrogen sulphide HS
4. Bisulphate or 4. Peroxide 4. Arsenite Aso,
Hydrogen sulphate HSO,
5. Bisulphite or 5. Sulphate so 5. Phosphide p3
Hydrogen sulphite HSO,
6. Bromide Br 6. Sulphite so, 6. Phosphite PO,
7. Chloride CI 7. Sulphide 7. Phosphate PO,
8. Permanganate MnO, 8. Silicate Sio, 8. Borate BO,
9. Fluoride 9. Thiosulphate S,o,
10. Hydride H 10. Zincate Zno, Tetravalent electronegative
11. Hydroxide OH 11. Plumbite PbO,? 1, Carbide
12. Iodide 12. Stannate
SnO 2. Ferrocyanide Fe(CN),
13. Cyanide CN 13. Manganate MnO,
14. Nitrate NO, 14. Chromate Cro,
15. Nitrite NO, 15. Oxalate (coo);
16. Chlorite CIO,
17. Hypochlorite CIO
18. Chlorate CIo
19. Perchlorate CIO,
20. Meta-aluminate AIO,
