Solid Waste
Management
Asc. Prof. Fatma Barakat
Introduction
• Solid waste is any non liquid, non-soluble materials
ranging from municipal garbage to industrial wastes that
contain complex & sometimes hazardous substances.
• It is estimated that 60 million tons of solid wastes are
generated every year in Egypt.
Types of solid waste
• Agriculture waste.
• Construction and demolition debris
• Sewage treatment residue
• Municipal solid waste.
• Industrial Waste.
• Hazardous waste
Agriculture waste
• Egypt is a major agricultural country.
Agricultural byproduct such as rice
straw, rice husk, black ash, palm fiber
and the amount of agricultural waste in
each year has been increased.
Agriculture waste
Agriculture waste
Animal feed:
Agriculture waste
Bio-gas production:
Agriculture waste
Bio-gas production:
Agriculture waste
Composting:
Municipal Waste
• Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)—more
commonly known as trash or garbage—
consists of everyday items we use and then
throw away, such as product packaging,
grass clippings, furniture, clothing, bottles,
food scraps, newspapers, appliances, paint,
and batteries. This comes from our homes,
schools, hospitals, and businesses.
Municipal Waste
How to deal with SW?
Paper recycling
• Paper recycling is one of the most
demanded services among different
businesses, as paper is the most recycled
product in the world.
• Such scrap can be used in the production
of new paper products and benefit the
economy significantly.
• Moreover, nearly all kinds of papers are
recyclable.
Glass recycling
• The glass goes through a pre-treatment
process which removes any paper or
plastic using blown air.
• Any metal objects are removed with
magnets.
• Next, it is sorted by colour and washed to
remove any further impurities.
• Then it's crushed, melted and moulded
into new products such as bottles and
jars.
Plastic Pollution
• Plastic waste, or plastic pollution, is ‘the
accumulation of plastic objects (e.g.:
plastic bottles and much more) in the
Earth’s environment that adversely
affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, and
humans.’
Plastic Pollution
• plastic is slow to degrade (taking over 400
years or more) due to its chemical structure,
which presents a huge challenge.
• Reducing plastic consumption and raising
awareness about plastic recycling is crucial
if we are to overcome the problem of plastic
waste and pollution on our planet.
Plastic recycle
• Pyrolysis is the thermal degradation
of plastic waste at different
temperatures (300–900°C), in the
absence of oxygen, to produced liquid
oil
Organic MSW
• Organic MSW can be converted
into organic fertilizer by
composting process.
• Or it can be used to produces
Bio-fuels.
Hazardous waste
• Hazardous waste is a subset of solid waste
with properties that make it dangerous or
potentially harmful to human health or
the environment.
• Hospital waste is classified as a
hazardous waste.
Hospital Hazardous Waste
Hospital
Hazardous Waste
• Safe disposal, by INCINERATION, is the
best method to deal with hazardous
hospital solid waste.
• it is a disposal method in which solid
organic wastes are subjected to
combustion so as to convert them into:
- Residue (can be landfilled later)
- gaseous products (special filters should
be used)
• This process reduces the volumes of
solid waste
to 20-30% of the original volume.
Sanitary • It is another method for safe disposal.
Landfill
Sanitary Landfill
Thank you
