Linux Practices: Using tar and gzip
Using tar
Practice 1: Creating a Tar Archive
Objective: Use tar to create an archive of multiple files.
Instructions:
1. Create a directory named Avengers with the following files:
IronMan.txt, Thor.txt, Hulk.txt.
touch Avengers/{IronMan.txt,Thor.txt,Hulk.txt}
2. Create a tar archive named Avengers.tar:
tar -cvf Avengers.tar Avengers/
3. Verify the archive by listing its contents:
tar -tvf Avengers.tar
Practice 2: Extracting a Tar Archive
Objective: Use tar to extract files from an archive.
Instructions:
1. Extract the contents of Avengers.tar into a new directory:
mkdir ExtractedAvengers
tar -xvf Avengers.tar -C ExtractedAvengers/
2. Verify that the files were extracted successfully by listing the
ExtractedAvengers directory.
Practice 3: Compressing a Tar Archive
Objective: Use tar to create a compressed archive.
Instructions:
1. Compress the Avengers directory into a gzip-compressed archive:
tar -czvf Avengers.tar.gz Avengers/
2. Verify the archive by listing its contents:
tar -tzvf Avengers.tar.gz
Practice 4: Extracting a Compressed Archive
Objective: Use tar to extract files from a compressed archive.
Instructions:
1. Extract the contents of Avengers.tar.gz into a new directory:
mkdir ExtractedCompressedAvengers
tar -xzvf Avengers.tar.gz -C ExtractedCompressedAvengers/
2. Verify that the files were extracted successfully by listing the
ExtractedCompressedAvengers directory.
Practice 5: Archiving Specific Files
Objective: Use tar to create an archive of selected files.
Instructions:
1. Create files Thor.txt and Hulk.txt in the Avengers directory.
2. Archive only these two files into SelectedHeroes.tar:
tar -cvf SelectedHeroes.tar Avengers/Thor.txt Avengers/Hulk.txt
3. Verify the contents of the archive:
tar -tvf SelectedHeroes.tar
Using gzip
Practice 6: Compressing a File with gzip
Objective: Use gzip to compress a single file.
Instructions:
1. Create a file named MissionLog.txt with some content:
seq 1 100 > MissionLog.txt
2. Compress the file using gzip:
gzip MissionLog.txt
3. Verify that the file has been compressed by listing it:
ls -lh MissionLog.txt.gz
Practice 7: Decompressing a File with gzip
Objective: Use gzip to decompress a file.
Instructions:
1. Decompress the MissionLog.txt.gz file:
gzip -d MissionLog.txt.gz
2. Verify that the original file is restored:
ls -lh MissionLog.txt
Practice 8: Viewing the Contents of a Compressed File
Objective: Use gzip with zcat to view a compressed file without extracting it.
Instructions:
1. Compress MissionLog.txt again:
gzip MissionLog.txt
2. View its contents without decompressing:
zcat MissionLog.txt.gz
Practice 9: Compressing Multiple Files
Objective: Use gzip to compress multiple files simultaneously.
Instructions:
1. Create files Hero1.txt, Hero2.txt, and Hero3.txt:
touch Hero1.txt Hero2.txt Hero3.txt
2. Compress all the files at once:
gzip Hero*.txt
3. Verify that all files have been compressed by listing them:
ls -lh
Practice 10: Combining tar and gzip
Objective: Use tar and gzip together to create and compress an archive.
Instructions:
1. Create a tar archive of the Avengers directory:
tar -cvf Avengers.tar Avengers/
2. Compress the tar archive using gzip:
gzip Avengers.tar
3. Verify the compressed archive:
ls -lh Avengers.tar.gz
