1INTRODUCTION

A mineral water spring at Sabalan

Mountain, Iran.Mineral water is water from a mineral
spring that contains various minerals, such
as salts and sulfur compounds. Mineral water may be
classified as "still" or "sparkling"
(carbonated/effervescent) according to the presence or
absence of added gases.

Traditionally, mineral waters were used or consumed at their spring sources, often
referred to as "taking the waters" or "taking the cure," at places such as spas, baths, or wells.
The term spa was used for a place where the water was consumed and bathed in; bath where
the water was used primarily for bathing, therapeutics, or recreation; and well where the
water was to be consumed.

Today, it is far more common for mineral water to be bottled at the source for
distributed consumption. Travelling to the mineral water site for direct access to the water is
now uncommon, and in many cases not possible because of exclusive commercial ownership
rights. There are more than 4,000 brands of mineral water commercially available
worldwide.

Composition Mineral water.

The more calcium and magnesium ions that are dissolved in

water, the it is said to be; water with few dissolved calcium and
magnesium ions is described as being .

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration classifies mineral

water as water containing at least 250 parts per million total
dissolved solids (TDS), originating from a geologically and
physically protected underground water source. No minerals may
be added to this water. In many places, however, the term "mineral

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water" is colloquially used to mean any bottled carbonated water or soda water, as opposed
to tap water.

In the European Union, bottled water may be called mineral water when it is bottled
at the source and has undergone no or minimal treatment.Permitted is the removal
of iron, manganese, sulfur and arsenic through decantation, filtration ortreatment with ozone-
enriched air, in so far as this treatment does not alter the composition of the water as regards
the essential constituents which give it its properties. No additions are permitted except
for carbon dioxide, which may be added, removed or re-introduced by exclusively physical
methods. No disinfection treatment is permitted, nor is the addition of any bacteriostatic
agents.

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 HISTORY OF MINERAL WATER

Although vessels to bottle and transport water were part of the earliest human
civilizations, bottling water began in the United Kingdom with the first water bottling at
the Holy Wellin 1621. The demand for bottled water was fueled in large part by the
resurgence in spa-going and water therapy among Europeans and American colonists in the
17th and 18th centuries. The first commercially distributed water in America was bottled and
sold by Jackson’s Spa in Boston in 1767. Early drinkers of bottled spa waters believed that
the water at these mineral springs had therapeutic properties and that bathing in or drinking
the water could help treat many common ailments.

The popularity of bottled mineral waters quickly led to a market for imitation
products. Carbonated waters developed as means for approximating the natural effervescence
of spring-bottled water, and in 1809 Joseph Hawkins was issued the first U.S. patent for
“imitation” mineral water. As technological innovation in nineteenth century lowered the
cost of making glass and improved production speed for bottling, bottled water was able to
be produced on a larger scale and the beverage grew in popularity. Bottled water was seen by
many as a safer alternative to 19th century municipal water supplies that could be
contaminated with pathogens like cholera and typhoid. By the middle of the century, one of
America’s most popular bottlers, Saratoga Springs, was producing more than 7 million
bottles of water annually.

In the United States, the popularity of bottled water declined in the early 20th century,
when the advent of water chlorination reduced public concerns about water-borne diseases in
municipal water supplies. However, it remained popular in Europe, where it spread to cafes
and grocery stores in the second half of the century. In 1977, Perrier launched a successful
advertisement campaign in the United States, heralding a rebirth in popularity for bottled
water. Today, bottled water is the second most popular commercial beverage in the United
States, with about half the domestic consumption as soft drinks.

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Water Chemistry

Many of the early developments in the field of chemistry can be attributed to the
study of natural mineral waters and attempts to replicate them for commercial sale. Joseph
Priestley, who would discover oxygen in 1775, made his first contributions to the field of
chemistry by dissolving carbon dioxide in water, for which he was awarded the Copley
Medal in 1773. He would go on to work with Johann Jacob Schweppes, founder
of Schweppes, in developing “aerated” waters for commercial sale.

PET Plastic Bottles

In1973, DuPont engineer Nathaniel

Wyeth patented Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles,
the first plastic bottle to be able to withstand the pressure of
carbonated liquids.Today, PET plastic has replaced glass as
the preferred material for single-serving bottled water
containers due to its light weight and resistance to breaking.

PET Plastic Bottle Water

Some of the more common types of bottled water are:

 Artesian water – this is water that originates from a confined aquifer that has
been tapped and in which the water level stands at some height above the top
of the aquifer.
 Fluoridated – this type of water contains added fluoride. This category
includes water classified as "For Infants" or "Nursery."
 Groundwater – this type of water is from an underground source that is under a
pressure equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure.
 Mineral water – water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals,
such as salts and sulfur compounds. It comes from a source tapped at one or

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 more bore holes or spring, and originates from a geologically and physically
protected underground water source. No minerals may be added to this water.
 Purified water – this type of water has been produced by distillation,
deionization, reverse osmosis, or other suitable processes. Purified water may
also be referred to as "demineralized water".
 Sparkling water – Sparkling water contains the same amount of carbon dioxide
that it had at emergence from the source. The carbon dioxide may be removed
and replenished after treatment.
 Spring water – this type of water comes from an underground formation from
which water flows naturally to the Earth's surface.
 Sterile water – this type of water meets sterilization requirements, for example,
those specified under "sterility tests" in the United States Pharmacopoeia.
 Well water – well water is taken from a hole tapping, etc. This hole may be
bored, drilled, or otherwise constructed in the ground.

Product Forms

The Beverage Marketing Corporation defines the bottled water market segment as
"retail PET, retail bulk, home and office delivery, vending, domestic sparkling and imports",
but excluding "flavored and enhanced water."

Purified water vending machines

A bottle-less drinking water vending machine in Pattaya,

Thailand. Customers bring their containers

A number of cities and companies worldwide

have vending machines that dispense purified water into
customer's own containers. All dispensers filter the
location's tap water. In North America, these machines are
typically located outside of supermarkets.

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 Of all the water vending companies, Glacier Water is the largest. Since its inception
in 1983, Glacier Water has experienced significant growth in machine placements.

Bottled water service

It is not uncommon for business or individuals to subscribe to a bottled water service. These
services deliver water either monthly or weekly, sometimes even daily. Traditionally, water
in glass bottles (jugs) was provided to electric coolers in areas of businesses without
plumbing. Plastic containers have replaced those glass jugs, however, dispensers at
businesses now may stand alongside existing water taps or fountains.

Storage

Bottled water is often stored as part of an emergency kit in case of natural disaster.
The U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) says the "safest" and "most
reliable" source of drinking water is store bought bottled water. Commonly, disaster
management experts recommend storing 1-US-gallon (3.8 L) of water per person, per day for
at least three days. This amount is intended to include water for drinking and cooking as well
as water for hand washing, washing dishes, and personal hygiene. Factory-containers of
water have an indefinite shelf life, as long as they remain unopened and
undamaged. The sell-by date is voluntarily and individually set by manufacturers to indicate
the length of time that they believe the water will taste and smell fresh, rather than to indicate
any issue of contamination or food safety.

PET Recycling

The most common packaging material for single-serve, non-carbonated bottled water
in the United States and Europe is Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic. Marked in many
countries with resin identification code number “1,” PET is 100% recyclable, though
recycling rates vary by region. In 2014, approximately 1.8 billion pounds of post-consumer
PET bottles were collected in the United States and 1.75 million metric tons (approximately
3.9 billion pounds) were collected in the European Union, making it the most recycled plastic
in both the United States and Europe. In the United States, the recycling rate for PET

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packaging was 31.8% in 2014; in the European Union, the recycling rate for PET packaging
for the same period was approximately 52%.

The National Association for PET Container Resources (NAPCOR), the trade
association for the PET plastic packaging industry in the United States and Canada, identifies
five major, generic end-use categories for recycled PET plastic: 1) packaging applications,
including new bottles; 2) sheet and film applications, including some thermoforming
applications; 3) strapping; 4) engineered resins applications; and 5) fiber
applications. According to the nonprofit Recycling across America, five individual serving
PET plastic bottles provide enough fiber to make one square foot of carpet or to fill one ski
jacket.

In Europe, more than one-third of recovered PET plastic is used to produce polyester
fibers, and another quarter is used in the production of preformed plastic containers—such as
egg cartons, fruit boxes, and other plastic beverage bottles.

Water and Energy Usage

On average, it takes 1.32 liters of water to produce 1 liter

of bottled water. This includes 1 liter of ingredient water
and 0.32 liters of water used in facility processes such as
treatment, bottling, and maintenance. Small pack facilities
(facilities that package water in containers between 8 oz.
and 2.5 gallons) use the least amount of water (1.26 liters
per 1 liter), followed by mixed packaging facilities (1.46 liters per 1 liter). Facilities that
package water for home and office delivery in sizes of 2.5 gallons to 5 gallons use the most
water (1.56 liters per 1 liter).

Bottled water has lower water usage than bottled soft drinks, which average 2.02
liters per 1 liter, as well as beer (4 liters per 1 liter) and wine (4.74 liters per 1 liter). The
larger per-liter water consumption of these drinks can be attributed to additional ingredients
and production processes, such as flavor mixing and carbonization for soft drinks and

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fermentation for beer and wine. In the United States, bottled water production represents
0.011% of annual water consumption.

Critics of bottled water argue that the industry should take in to account not just water
used in its production and packaging process, but the total water footprint of its supply chain,
which includes water used in the production of its packaging.

A 2011 IBWA lifecycle inventory study found that the production, packaging, and
transportation of bottled water within the United States consumes 107.4 trillion BTUs of
energy annually, which represents about .07% of yearly energy consumption in the
country. According to the same study, 6.8 million tons of CO2 eq are emitted by the bottled
water industry a year in the United States, about .08% of annual emissions. An Aetna Group
study in 2015 concluded that each liter of bottled water requires 0.24 megajoules of energy to
produce. The lifecycle carbon footprint for a half liter of small pack bottled water is 111
grams CO2 eq. By comparison, the same sized PET plastic-bottled soft drink produces 240
grams CO2 eq. Soft drink bottles require much thicker plastic due to carbonation, and
therefore many more grams of CO2 eq.

Regulation

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the national Standards Body of India
working under the aegis of Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public
Distribution, Government of India. It is established by the Bureau of Indian Standards Act,
1986 which came into effect on 23 December 1986. The Minister in charge of the Ministry
or Department having administrative control of the BIS is the ex-officio President of the BIS.

Food and Drug Administration

Bottled water is comprehensively regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug

Administration (FDA) as a packaged food product. By law, the FDA regulations for bottled
water must be at least as stringent as the Environmental Protection Agency standards for tap
water.

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 The FDA has established "Standards of Identity" for bottled water products sold in the
U.S. For a product to be considered “bottled water”, it cannot contain sweeteners or chemical
additives (other than flavors, extracts or essences) and must be calorie-free and sugar-free. If
flavors, extracts and essences—derived from spice or fruit—are added to the water, these
additions must comprise less than 1% by weight of the final product. The FDA Code of
Federal Regulations establishes limitations for the amount of fluoride that can be added to
water. Mineral water contains at least 250 parts per million total dissolved solids (TDS).
"Purified water" is defined in the United States Pharmacopoeia.

Food Standards Australia New Zealand

Food Standards Australia New Zealand's Food Standards Code limits fluoride in
bottled water to between 0.6 and 1.0 milligrams per litre, and requires any addition to be
specified on the product label.

Industry reform

The Council of Canadians, a social action organization, stressed the need for bottled
water industry reform after launching a boycott of Nestlé in September 2016 after the
company outbid a small town aiming to secure a long-term water supply through a local well
as the country battles drought and depletion of ground water reserves. Premier Kathleen
Wynne stated that her government will look for ways to put community needs ahead of
bottled water corporations, saying "as we look at the water bottling industry, that has to be a
question because we're talking about what we could argue is our most precious resource" that
they have this "discussion about our water, the status of and the treatment of water bottling
companies, that needs to be taken into consideration".

Markets

Global bottled water sales have increased dramatically over the past several decades,
reaching a valuation of around $60 billion and a volume of more than 115,000,000 cubic
metres (3.0×1010 US gal) in 2006. U.S. sales reached around 30 billion bottles of water in
2008, a slight drop from 2007 levels

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 The rate of consumption more than quadrupled between 1990 and 2005. Spring water
and purified tap water are currently the leading global sellers. By one estimate,
approximately 50 billion bottles of water are consumed per year in the U.S. and around 200
billion bottles globally.

Australia

The Australasian Bottled Water Institute is a regional member of the International

Council of Bottled Water Associations. The bottled water industry in Australia is worth
approximately $400 million per year,

An upmarket restaurant in Sydney has stopped selling bottled water and started using a
machine costing A$5000 to filter, chill and carbonate tap water to get the same quality water.

European Union

Directive 2009/54/EC deals with the marketing and exploitation of natural mineral
waters in the European Union. The two main types of bottled water recognized are mineral
water and spring water.

Broadly speaking, "mineral water" is groundwater that has emerged from the ground
and flowed over rock. Treatment of mineral water is restricted to removal of unstable
elements such as iron and sulfur compounds. Treatment for such minerals may extend only
to filtration or decanting with oxygenation. Free carbon dioxide may be removed only by
physical methods, and the regulations for introduction (or reintroduction) of CO 2 are strictly
defined. Disinfection of natural mineral water is completely prohibited, including the
addition of any element that is likely to change bacterial colony counts. If natural mineral
water is effervescent, it must be labelled accordingly, depending on the origin of the carbon
dioxide: naturally carbonated natural mineral water (no introduction of CO 2); natural mineral
water fortified with gas from the spring (reintroduction of CO 2); carbonated natural mineral
water (CO2 added following strict guidelines).

Directive 2001/83/EC deals with bottled water that is considered a "medicinal product" and
is thus excluded from the scope of the other regulation.
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India

The bottled water industry in India witnessed a boom in the late 1990s soon
after Bisleri launched its packaged drinking water in the country. This significant growth was
fuelled by a surge in advertising by the industry players that "bottled water was pure and
healthy".

The total market was valued at ₹60 billion (US$920 million) in 2013, of which the top
five players (Bisleri, PepsiCo, Coca-Cola and Parle) accounted for 67% of the market share.
This market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 22%, to reach ₹160 billion (US$2.5 billion) in
2018.

In 2016, Sikkim announced restrictions on the usage of plastic water bottles (in
government functions and meetings) and styrofoam products as it is associated with adverse
health and environment impacts.

Pakistan

Due to contaminated water being widespread, in the mid-1980s urban families started
installing filtration units at home. This later developed into companies providing mineral
water delivery services at home. Use of these 1-US-gallon (3.8 L) bottles that could be
attached to a dispenser is still widespread.

Bottled water was made famous by one of the largest marketing campaigns in
Pakistan history undertaken by Nestle. Eventually, other bottlers including dozens of local
ones, Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Mineral Drops by water icon, Nature, Vey, Nova Pure Water
Larkana, Mina Water, Great Water Islamabad, Dew Drop, and other imported brands such
as Evianbegan marketing in the country.

United States

The U.S. is the second largest consumer market for bottled water in the world,
followed by Mexico, Indonesia, and Brazil. China surpassed the United States to take the
lead in 2013.In 2008, U.S. bottled water sales topped 8.6 billion US gallons (33,000,000 m3)

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for 28.9% of the U.S. liquid beverage market, exceeding sales of all other beverages except
carbonated soft drinks, they are followed by fruit juices, and sports drinks. Americans drink
21 US gallons (79 L) of bottled water per capita per year.

In the United States, bottled water and tap water are regulated by different federal
agencies: the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates bottled water and
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the quality of tap water.
The International Bottled Water Association (IBWA) is headquartered in Alexandria, VA.

From 1970 (16 brands) over 1998 (50 brands) to 2012 (195 brands), the number of
mineral water brands in the U.S. has grown exponentially.

Consumer information

Labeling

I n the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates all packaged
foods and beverage products, including bottled water, and mandates labeling requirements.
FDA labeling requirements include a statement of the type of water in the container,
compliance with the applicable definitions in the FDA Standards of Identity, ingredient
labeling, name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer or distributor, net weight,
and, if required, nutrition labeling.

Consumer information

Public water systems are required by the U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) to provide households in their service territories with a Consumer Confidence
Report (CCR) that provides information on the quality of their water during the previous
year. Such disclosures are not required by the FDA of any packaged food or beverage
product, including bottled water. All packaged foods and beverages, must be manufactured
according to FDA regulations and must meet all applicable quality and safety standards.

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Emergency preparedness

Emergency preparedness refers to the steps taken prior to a natural disaster or

emergency to ensure safety throughout the event. The American Red Cross and Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recommend that individuals and families maintain
disaster supply kits in the event that an emergency disrupts food supply or public water
systems, blocks roads, or leaves people unable to find essentials. Following disasters such as
floods, blizzards, or earthquakes, water sources can be cut off or contaminated, limiting
access to safe, clean drinking water. For this reason, FEMA recommends that all disaster
supply kits include one gallon of water per person per day for at least three days for drinking
and sanitation. In hot climates, FEMA recommends doubling this quantity.

For the water supply, FEMA recommends commercially bottled water kept in a cool,
dark place. As an alternative, FEMA recommends using disinfected food-grade water
containers to store tap water and replacing the water every six months.

Bottled water in emergency response

Hurricanes

Following Hurricane Sandy, FEMA requested 5.4 million bottles of water

from Nestle North America to aid in disaster relief efforts.Nestle donated 3 million bottles of
water to Haiti following the 2010 earthquake.In the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005,
FEMA requested 100 tractor trailers’ worth of bottled water (approximately 200,000 cases)
from the American Beverage Association.

Tornadoes

AmeriCares, an international disaster relief non-profit, donated 109,000 bottles of

water to residents in and around Moore, Oklahoma following the May 2013 tornadoes.
Members of the International Bottled Water Association donated more than 400,000
additional bottles of water to the victims of the tornadoes.

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Contamination

In August 2014, city officials in Toledo, Ohio banned local tap water after toxins
from an algae bloom in Lake Erie were found in the city’s water supply. The American Red
Cross and AmeriCares responded by helping coordinate the distribution of bottled water to
the 500,000 area residents impacted by the ban.

Bottled water debate

Bottled water is bought for many different reasons including taste, convenience,
poor tap water quality and safety concerns, health concerns and as a substitute for sugary
drinks.The environmental impact, container safety, water origin, emergency supplies and role
of the bottled water industry continue to be areas of concern for many people.Most bottled
water containers are made from recyclable PET plastic, and some of these bottles end up in
the waste stream in landfills. The financial and environmental costs of transportation of
bottled water has been another concern because of the energy used and the consequent
release of carbon dioxide and the potential impact on climate change.

In some cases it can be shown that bottled water is actually tap water.However, it is also
argued that the quality specifications for some bottled waters in some jurisdictions are more
stringent than the standards for tap-water. In the USA, bottled water that comes from
municipal suppliers must be clearly labeled as such unless it has been sufficiently processed
to be labeled as “distilled” or “purified”.It has been argued that bottled water companies
should only exist for emergency situations when public water supplies are unsafe,
unavailable or overwhelmed. The contrary view is that if regulations are placed on the
availability of bottled water, bottled water companies will not have the sufficient supplies
when a water system is compromised, and that the only reason bottled water is readily
available during emergencies is because the industry is maintained by routine purchases.

Perceptions about bottled water

Bottled water is perceived by many as being a safer alternative to other sources of

water such as tap water. Bottled water usage has increased even in countries where clean tap

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water is present. This may be attributed to consumers disliking the taste of tap water or
its organoleptics. Another contributing factor to this shift could be the marketing success of
bottled water. The success of bottled water marketing can be seen by Perrier's transformation
of a bottle of water into a status symbol. However, while bottled water has grown in both
consumption and sales, the industry’s advertising expenses are considerably less than other
beverages. According to the Beverage Marketing Corporation (BMC), in 2013, the bottled
water industry spent $60.6 million on advertising. That same year, sports drinks spent $128
million, sodas spent $564 million, and beer spent $1 billion.

Consumers tend to choose bottled water due to health related reasons. In communities
that experience problems with their tap water, bottled water consumption is significantly
higher. The International Bottled Water Association guidelines state that bottled water
companies cannot compare their product to tap water in marketing operations. Consumers
are also affected by memories associated with particular brands. For example, Coca-Cola
took their Dasani product off the UK market after finding levels of bromate that were higher
than legal standards because consumers in the UK associated this flaw with the Dasani
product.

"Bottled water sales are higher amongst African-American, Asians and Hispanic
groups, which typically have lower incomes than whites." Some hypothesize that these
differences are due to the geographic distribution of ethnic groups. It was theorized that
ethnic differences in bottled water usage "mirror the variability of water system quality
between urban, suburban and rural areas (Abrahams et al. 2000) and it was also pointed out
that they might reflect the memory of past problems caused by deficient tap-water systems in
deprived areas (Olson 1999)." In France, a similar geographic study in the early 1970s found
that bottled water consumption was found to be much higher in urban areas (Ferrier 2001).
This finding was "also explained in terms of the poor quality of urban tap water and of the
bad condition of the old lead pipes in French cities. Nonetheless, while poor tap water quality
may motivate the public to search for alternative sources, it alone does not necessarily lead to
higher consumption of bottled water."

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 Some surveys "found that bottled water, far from being an alternative to tap water,
seems to be mostly consumed as a substitute for alcoholic and traditional soft drinks (e.g.
AWWA-RF 1993; FWR 1996) – the exception being when water contamination presents
serious health risks and the trust in the tap water company is highly eroded (e.g. Lonnon
2004)."Another explanation for the rise in popularity of bottled water is alternative
explanation is that "the consumption of 'pure' and 'natural' bottled water in degraded
environments may represent a symbolic purging behavior."

Many low-income families avoid drinking tap water because they fear it may cause
sickness. Bottled, filtered, and tap water are all for the most part safe in the United States.The
Environmental Protection Agency regulations for tap water are "actually stricter than the
Food and Drug Administration regulations for bottled water." A study of drinking water in
Cincinnati, Ohio, discovered that bacterial counts in bottled water were often higher than
those in tap water and fluoride concentration was inconsistent.

Globally, there is an intensifying environmental backlash against bottled water usage.

As global consumption of bottled water soars, environmental groups such as the World Wide
Fund for Nature (WWF) and Greenpeace have warned of the huge environmental footprint of
the plastic in which the water is packaged.

In 2001 a WWF study, "Bottled water: understanding a social phenomenon", warned

that in many countries, bottled water may be no safer or healthier than tap water and it sold
for up to 1,000 times the price. It said the booming market would put severe pressure on
recycling plastics and could lead to landfill sites drowning in mountains of plastic bottles.
Also, the study discovered that the production of bottled water uses more water than the
consumer actually buys in the bottle itself.

Pricing

Bottled water is more expensive than municipally-supplied tap water. Tap water
sources and delivery systems (taps and faucets) are fixed in place while bottled water is
available at many differing price points and in a variety of size formats."The consumption of
bottled and filtered water has dramatically increased in the United States during the past
16
decade, with bottled water sales tripling to about $4 billion a year. More than 50% of the US
population drinks bottled water and 'people spend from 240 to over 10,000 times more per
gallon for bottled water than they typically do for tap water.' An annual supply of bottled
water for a person who consumes 8 glasses a day would cost approximately $200; the same
amount of tap water would cost approximately $0.33. In general, women are more likely to
drink bottled water than men, and Hispanic women are the group most likely to drink bottled
water."

The Beverage Marketing Corporation (BMC) states that in 2013, the average
wholesale price per gallon of domestic non-sparkling bottled water was $1.21. BMC’s
research also shows that consumers actually tend to buy bottled water in bulk from
supermarkets (25.3%) or large discount retailers (57.9%) because it costs significantly less.
Convenience stores are likely to have higher prices (4.5%), as do drug stores (2.8%). The
remaining 9.5% is accounted for through vending machines, cafeterias and other food service
outlets, and other types of sales.

Bans

In response to environmental and financial concerns, a few localities and U.S.

colleges are banning bottled water sales. In 2009, the small New South Wales town
of Bundanoon voted to become the first town in the world to ban the selling or dispensing of
bottled water. Bundanoon caught the attention of many other cities around the world.

After a Sydney-based beverage company wanted to open a water extraction plant in the New
South Wales town Bundanoon, residents outlawed the sale of bottled water. The town
continues to fight the company's proposal in court. "In the same week the New South Wales
state premier also banned all state departments and agencies from buying bottled water
because of its huge environmental footprint, joining more than 70 cities in the United States,
Canada and the United Kingdom that have banned bottled water in their departments."In
2012, the town of Concord, Massachusetts became the first in the United States to ban the
sale of bottled water. Specifically, sales of non-sparkling, unflavored

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drinking water in single-serving Polyethelyne terephthalate (PET) bottles of 1 liter (34
ounces) or less are prohibited. The ban went into effect on 1 January 2013.

Health concerns

In the United States, bottled water and tap water are regulated by different federal
agencies: the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates bottled water and
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the quality of tap water. Under
the Safe Drinking Water Act the EPA has set maximum contaminant levels for
approximately 90 contaminants that might be found in drinking water and 15 secondary
maximum contaminant levels.

In some areas, tap water may contain added fluoride, which helps prevent tooth decay
and cavities. Some bottled water manufacturers in the United States add fluoride to their
product, or provide a fluoridated bottled water product. The Food and Drug
Administration of the United States does not require bottled water manufacturers to list the
fluoride content on the label. However, unlike tap water where the amount of fluoride added
by municipalities to drinking water is not federally regulated, the FDA has set specific limits
for how much fluoride may be found in bottled water. Water fluoridation remains
controversial in countries that require it (the United States, United Kingdom, Ireland,
Canada, Australia, and a handful of other countries).Several studies have examined the
content of fluoride and other chemicals in bottled water as well as the accuracy of these
values as printed on the labels showing some significant difference between labeled and
measured value.

According to a 1999 NRDC study, in which roughly 22 percent of brands were tested,
at least one sample of bottled drinking water contained chemical contaminants at levels
above strict state health limits. Some of the contaminants found in the study could pose
health risks if consumed over a long period of time. The NRDC report conceded that "most
waters contained no detectable bacteria, however, and the level of synthetic organic
chemicals and inorganic chemicals of concern for which [they] were tested were either below
detection limits or well below all applicable standards."Meanwhile, a report by the Drinking

18
Water Research Foundation found that of all samples tested by NRDC, "federal FDA or EPA
limits were allegedly exceeded only four times, twice for total coliforms and twice for
fluorides."

Studies show that the plastics used for bottles contain chemicals having estrogenic
activity, even when they claim otherwise. Although some of the bottled water contained in
glass were found polluted with chemicals as well, the researchers believe some of the
contamination of water in the plastic containers may have come from the plastic containers.
Leaching of chemicals into the water is related to the plastic bottles being exposed to either
low or high temperatures.

Safety

There have been no major outbreaks of illness or serious safety concerns associated
with bottled water in the past decade, an FDA official stated in testimony before a 9 July
2009 Congressional hearing. Conversely, as noted in the Drinking Water Research
Foundation's (DWRF) 2013 report, Microbial Health Risks of Regulated Drinking Waters in
the United States, EPA researchers reported an estimated 16.4 million cases of acute
gastrointestinal illness per year are caused by tap water. Subsequent research has estimated
that number of illnesses to be closer to 19.5 million cases per year. In addition, the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that waterborne diseases, such
as Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis, cost the U.S. healthcare system as much as $539 million
a year in hospital expenses.

Bottled water versus carbonated beverages

Bottled noncarbonated drinking water competes in the marketplace with carbonated

beverages (including carbonated water) sold in individual plastic bottles. Consumption of
water often is considered a healthier substitute for sodas.

According to the Container Recycling Institute, sales of flavored, non-carbonated drinks are
expected to surpass soda sales by 2010. In response, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola have

19
introduced new carbonated drinks that are fortified with vitamins and minerals, Diet Coke
Plus and Tava, marketed as "sparkling beverages."

AvailabilityDeveloping countries

One of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) set

by the UN includes environmental sustainability. In 2004,
only 42% of people in rural areas had access to clean
water worldwide. Projects such as Democratisation of
Water and Sanitation Governance by Means of Socio-
Technical Innovations work to develop new accessible
water treatment systems for poor rural areas, reducing the
price of drinking water from US $6.5 per cubic meter to US $1.

The World Health Organization/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for Water Supply
and Sanitation is the official United Nations mechanism tasked with monitoring progress
towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) relating to drinking-water and sanitation
(MDG 7, Target 7c), which is to: "Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without
sustainable access to safe drinking-water and basic sanitation".

According to this indicator on improved water sources, the MDG was met in 2010, five years
ahead of schedule. Over 2 billion more people used improved drinking water sources in 2010
than did in 1990. However, the job is far from finished. 780 million people are still without
improved sources of drinking water, and many more people still lack safe drinking water.
Estimates suggest that at least 25% of improved sources contain fecal contamination and an
estimated 1.8 billion people globally use a source of drinking water which suffers from fecal
contamination. The quality of these sources vary over time that get worse in the wet
season. Continued efforts are needed to reduce urban-rural disparities and inequities
associated with poverty; to dramatically increase safe drinking water coverage in countries in
sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania; to promote global monitoring of drinking water quality;
and to look beyond the MDG target towards universal coverage.

20
Expanding WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) coverage and monitoring in non-household
settings such as schools, healthcare facilities, and work places, is one of the Sustainable
Development Goals.

One organisation working to improve the availability of safe drinking water in some the
world's poorest countries is WaterAid International. Operating in 26 countries, WaterAid is
working to make lasting improvements to peoples' quality of life by providing long-term
sustainable access to clean water in countries such as Nepal, Tanzania, Ghana and India. It
also works to educate people about sanitation and hygiene.

Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) is a partnership that brings together national
governments, donors, UN agencies, NGOs and other development partners. They work to
improve sustainable access to sanitation and water supply to meet and go beyond the MDG
target. In 2014, 77 countries had already met the MDG sanitation target, 29 were on track
and, 79 were not on-track.

Climate change aspects

The World Wildlife Fund predicts that in the Himalayas, retreating glaciers could
reduce summer water flows by up to two-thirds. In the Ganges area, this would cause a water
shortage for 500 million people. The head of China's national development agency in 2007
said 1/4th the length of China's seven main rivers were so poisoned the water harmed the
skin. United Nations secretary-general Ban Ki-moon has said this may lead to violent
conflicts.

Health aspects

Contaminated water is estimated to result in more than half a million deaths per
year. Contaminated water together with lack of sanitation was estimated to cause about one
percent of disability adjusted life years worldwide in 2010.

21
Diarrheal diseases

Over 90% of deaths from diarrheal diseases in the developing world today occur in
children under five years old. Malnutrition, especially protein-energy malnutrition, can
decrease the children's resistance to infections, including water-related diarrheal diseases.
Between 2000 and 2003, 769,000 children under five years old in sub-Saharan Africa died
each year from diarrheal diseases. Only thirty-six percent of the population in the sub-
Saharan region have access to proper means of sanitation. More than 2000 children's lives
are lost every day. In South Asia, 683,000 children under five years old died each year from
diarrheal disease from 2000 to 2003. During the same period, in developed countries, 700
children under five years old died from diarrheal disease. Improved water supply reduces
diarrhea morbidity by 25% and improvements in drinking water through proper storage in
the home and chlorination reduces diarrhea episodes by 39%.

Water quality Improved water sources

Access to safe drinking water is indicated by safe water sources. These improved drinking
water sources include household connection, public standpipe, borehole condition, protected
dug well, protected spring, and rain water collection. Sources that do not encourage
improved drinking water to the same extent as previously mentioned include: unprotected
wells, unprotected springs, rivers or ponds, vender-provided water, bottled water
(consequential of limitations in quantity, not quality of water), and tanker truck water.
Access to sanitary water comes hand in hand with access to improved sanitation facilities for
excreta, such as connection to public sewer, connection to septic system, or a pit latrinewith a
slab or water seal.

22
 METHODOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To study the market condition and consumer satisfaction of mineral water
 To know about the sales performance of mineral water.
 To study the customers behavior towards mineral water.
 To study the consumer awareness relates to mineral water.
 To analyze the performance of mineral water.
 To offer valuable suggestion based on the mineral water.

Methods of Data Collection

After identifying and designing the research problem determining the specific
information is required to solve the problem.

Data or information for the research can be collected through primary data and
secondary data.

Primary Data

The primary data for the report is collected through survey method with proper
questionnaires.

Secondary Data

The secondary data for the survey is collected from internet, printed booklets etc.

Sampling

Sampling means where only a few units of populations under study are considered for
analysis.

23
Sampling Unit

The sampling unit of existing mineral water customers.

Sample Size

The sample size taken from the survey is 110 Respondents were considered.

Tools for Analysis

The contact method used in the survey was the percentage analysis method.

Field Work

The survey was conducted in Cumbum with special reference to the mineral water
customers.

SCOPE OF STUDY
 The study helps to understand satisfaction level of the customers.
 The study helps to know the past present and future position of the company.
The researcher makes an attempt to know how fast the company achieved.
 To find that the company position in the market is at the rapid pace.
 This will help for the future preference.
 The study will help to assess the company performance.

LIMITATIONS
 Customers are widely spread and hence the result cannot be generalized, the
sample size was too small respect to the population.
 The survey was conducted in Cumbum town.
 The study was limited to mineral water.

24
CHAPTER SCHEME

The present study titled “A STUDY ON CONSUMER SATISFACTION

TOWARDS MINERAL WATER WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AQUA SHIFA
IN CUMBUM TOWEN” is coordinated with five chapters.

The first chapter titled “INTRODUCTION” and it say about a full activities of mineral
water

The second chapter “HISTORY OF MINERAL WATER” highlights the history of

mineral water Company

Third chapter is “METHODOLOGY” Objectives of the Study, Scope of the Study,

Methodology and Chapter Scheme.

The fourth chapter is “DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION”. In this chapter an

attempt has been made to discuss and highlight the performance of the mineral water through
Table and charts.

The fifth chapter is “FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS”. Since the study is based on the
primary and secondary data, the findings are made out of the results of the statistical analysis
of the data and suggestions are offered thereof

The concluding chapter is “CONCLUSION” that give the final awareness about project
ant feather research possibility.

25
 A STYDY ON CUSTOMER STATFICTION MINERAL
WATER CHINNAMANUR TOWN

TABLE 1

USING OF MINERAL WARTER

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 YES 100 100%

2 NO 0 0%

TOTAL 100 100%

Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 100 % of respondents are using mineral water.
Remaining the 0% of the respondents are you using the mineral Water.

CHART 1

USING OF MINERAL WARTER

26
 TABLE 2

WHICH BRAND MINERAL WATER ARE YOU USE

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Aqua shifa 80 80%
2 Aqua guard 10 10%
3 Mullai aqua 10 10%
Total 100 100%
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 80 % of respondents are using Aqua shifa
mineral water. And the10% of the respondents are you using the Aqua guard mineral water.
Remaining the 10% respondents the mullai aqua mineral water.

.CHART 2

WHICH BRAND MINERAL WATER ARE YOU USE

27
 TABLE 3

DO YOU PREFER THE AQUA SHIHA MINERAL WATER

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 quality 40 50%
2 price 20 25%
3 Availability 20 25%
Total 80 100%
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using Quality mineral
water .and the20% of the respondents are you using the 20 mineral water. Remaining the20%
respondents the availability mineral water.

CHART 3

DO YOU PREFER THE AQUA SHIHA MINERAL WATER

28
 TABLE 4

YOU DO PREFER THE AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER

S No Particular No of Respondents Percentage

1 Television 30 70%

2 Newspapers 10 7%

3 Friends 20 15%

4 Others 20 15%

Total 80 100%

Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 30 % of respondents are using Television

mineral water .and the7% of the respondents are you using the Newspapers mineral water.
Remaining the 20% respondents the Friends mineral water. But remaining the 20 %
respondents the others.
CHART 4

YOU DO PREFER THE AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER

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 TABLE 5

HOW LONG ARE USING THIS BRAND

S No Particular No of Respondents Percentage

1 1 YEAR 20 70%
2 2 YEAR 10 15%
3 3 YEAR 20 15%
4 ABOVE 4 YEAR 30 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 20 % of respondents are using 1year mineral
water .and the10% of the respondents are you using the 2 year mineral water. Remaining the
20% respondents the 3year mineral water. But remaining the 30%respondents Above 4 year.

CHART 5

HOW LONG ARE USING THIS BRAND

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 TABLE 6

THE QUALITY OF PACKAGE ARE YOU BUYING

S no Particular No of Respondents Percentage

1 250 ML 10 70%
2 1 ML 40 15%
3 25 ML 30 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 6 shows that 10 % of respondents are using 250 mL mineral
water .and the40% of the respondents are you using the 1ml mineral water. Remaining the
30% respondents the 25 ml mineral water.

CHART 6

THE QUALITY OF PACKAGE ARE YOU BUYING

31
 TABLE 7

DO YOU PURCHASE THE YOUR MINERAL WATER PRODUCT

S No Particulars No of respondents Percentage

1 DAILY 40 70%
2 TWICE IN A WEEK 10 15%
3 TWICE IN A MONTH 10 15%
4 ONCE UN A MONTH 20 15%
T0TAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using daily mineral
water .and the10% of the respondents are you using the Twice in a week mineral water.
Remaining the 10% respondents the Twice in a month mineral water. But Remaining the
20% respondents the once in a month mineral water.

CHART 7

DO YOU PURCHASE THE YOUR MINERAL WATER PRODUCT

32
 TABLE 8

YOU’RE OPINION IN THE QUALITY

S No Particular No of Respondents Percentage

1 EXCELLENT 40 70%
2 GOOD 20 15%
3 AVERAGE 20 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using excellent mineral
water .and the20% of the respondents are you using the Good mineral water. Remaining the
20% respondents the Average mineral water.

CHART 8

YOU’RE OPINION IN THE QUALITY

33
 TABLE 9

DO YOU FEEL ABOUT THE PRICE OF MINERAL WATER

S No Particular No of Respondents Percentage

1 LOW 20 70%
2 REASONABLE 30 15%
3 HIGH 10 15%
4 MODERATE 10 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 20 % of respondents are using Low mineral
water .and the30% of the respondents are you using the Reasonable mineral water.
Remaining the 10% respondents the High mineral water. But remaining the 10% respondents
the Moderate mineral water.

CHART 9

DO YOU FEEL ABOUT THE PRICE OF MINERAL WATER

34
 TABLE 10

DO YOU EXCPET ANY CHANGES IN THE PRODUCT

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 YES 70 88%
2 NO 10 22%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 70 % of respondents are using yes mineral water
.and the10% of the respondents are you using the no mineral water

CHART 10

DO YOU EXCPET ANY CHANGES IN THE PRODUCT

35
 TABLE 11

YOUR OPINION TO CHANGES DO YOU EXPECT

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Cash discount 10 20%
2 Launching new product 40 50%
3 New capacity of bottles 30 30%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 10 % of respondents are using cash discount
mineral water .and the40% of the respondents are you using the launching new product
mineral water. Remaining the 30% respondents the new capacity of bottles mineral water.

CHART 11

YOUR OPINION TO CHANGES DO YOU EXPECT

36
 TABLE 12

THE AVAILABILITY OF AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER

S No Particulars No Of Respondents Percentage

1 Available of all places 70 80%
2 Not available 10 20%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using daily mineral
water .and the10% of the respondents are you using the Twice in a week mineral water.
Remaining the 10% respondents the Twice in a month mineral water. But Remaining the
20% respondents the once in a month mineral water.

CHART 12

THE AVAILABILITY OF AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER

37
 TABLE 13

PURCHASE THE PRODUCT

S No Particulars No Of Respondents Percentage

1 Retailer Sales 40 50%
2 Department Store 20 20%
3 Super Market 10 15%
4 Direct From Company 10 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using retailer sales
mineral water .and the10% of the respondents are you using the department store mineral
water. Remaining the 10% respondents the super market mineral water. And remaining the
20% respondents the direct from company mineral water.

CHART 13

PURCHASE THE PRODUCT

38
 TABLE 14

WHETHER YOU RECOMMENDED THE PRODUCT

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Yes 50 75%

2 No 30 25%

TOTAL 80 100

Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 50 % of respondents are using yes mineral water
.and the30% of the respondents are you using the no mineral water

CHART 14

WHETHER YOU RECOMMENDED THE PRODUCT

39
 TABLE 15

AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER GIVES BETTER QUALITY

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Strongly agree 40 50%
2 Agree 20 20%
3 Neutral 10 15%
4 Disagree 10 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using strongly agree
mineral water .and the10% of the respondents are you using the Agree mineral water.
Remaining the 10% respondents the Neutral mineral water. But Remaining the 20%
respondents the disagree mineral water.

CHART 15

AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER GIVES BETTER QUALITY

40
 TABLE 16

SATISFICATION WITH AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Very satisfied 50 65%
2 Somewhat satisfied 10 15%
3 Dissatisfied 10 15%
4 Very dissatisfied 10 15%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 40 % of respondents are using very satisfied
mineral water .and the10% of the respondents are you using the somewhat satisfied mineral
water. Remaining the 10% respondents the dissatisfied mineral water. But remaining the
20% respondents the very satisfied mineral water.

CHART 16

SATISFICATION WITH AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER

41
 TABLE 17

DO YOU REFER THE AS MINERAL WATER TO OTHERS

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Yes 60 70%
2 No 20 30%
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 60 % of respondents are using yes mineral water
.and the20% of the respondents are you using the no mineral water

CHART 17

DO YOU REFER THE AS MINERAL WATER TO OTHERS

42
 TABLE 18

HOW YOU PERCIVE THE EXISTING MINERAL WATER BRAND

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Very satisfied 50 80%

2 Dissatisfied 30 20%

TOTAL 80 100

Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 50 % of respondents are using very satisfied
mineral water .and the30% of the respondents are you using the dissatisfied mineral water.

CHART 18

HOW YOU PERCIVE THE EXISTING MINERAL WATER BRAND

43
 TABLE 19

ANY HEALTH ISSUE WHILE USING AQUA SHIFA

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Yes 60 80%
2 No 20 20%

TOTAL 80 100

Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 60 % of respondents are using yes mineral water
.and the20% of the respondents are you using the No mineral water.

CHART 19

ANY HEALTH ISSUE WHILE USING AQUA SHIFA

44
 TABLE 20

IF THE COMPETITOR AFTER LOWER PRICE AS BOTTLEDWATER

S No Particulars No of Respondents Percentage

1 Yes 60 80
2 No 20 20
TOTAL 80 100
Source: Primary Data

Interpretation:

Above the table 1 shows that 60 % of respondents are using yes mineral water
.and the20% of the respondents are you using the No mineral water.

CHART 20

IF THE COMPETITOR AFTER LOWER PRICE AS BOTTLEDWATER

45
 FINDINGS

 100% Respondents are using the mineral water.

 80% Respondents are using the Aqua shifa mineral water.

 40% Respondents are using the quality of Aqua shifa mineral water.

 30% Respondents are the factors influenced by the television.

 60% Respondents are buying quality of package 25mil.lit.

 50% Respondents are Twice in a week of Aqua shifa mineral water1 month.

 70% Respondents are feels that the quality of Aqua shifa mineral water Excellent.

 60% Respondents are says that the price of Aqua shifa mineral water Low.

 60% Respondents except changes in Aqua shifa mineral water.

 40% Respondents need cash discount in Aqua shifa mineral water.

 50% Respondents are says that the Aqua shifa mineral water in all places.

 60% Respondents are by from Retailer.

 60% Respondents are recommended Aqua shifa to others.

 70% Respondents are feel Aqua shifa mineral water different from other Mineral
water.

 60% Respondents are fully satisfied with Aqua shifa mineral water.

46
 SUGGESTION

I would like to suggest the following to capture the new consumers and retain the
existing consumers based on the following.

 To get many customers Aqua shifa mineral water has to increase advertisement.

 If the changes made in the design of the product it will attract the new customers.

 Quality should be maintained forever and should be changed according to the modern
trend.

 The company provides to more offers and price discount to increase its sales volume.

47
 CONCLUSION

In the present study , the research formed that formed that customer satisfaction as
far as “After sales service” is satisfactory .The researcher has offered numerous suggestions
as counts via courtesy of staff , advertisement, and implementation of schemes timely
delivery.

The current unit of study needs to spruce up its correct procedures so as to retain its
current customer’s base. customers is the king they say which holds true in modern times
,in keeping with the changing times AQUA SHIFA MINERAL WATER
PVT.,LIMITED,UTHAMAPALAYAM need revamp their strategy, and they will emerge
successful in the days to come.

48
 QUESTIONNAIRE

A STUDY ON CONSUMER SATISFACTION TOWARDS MINERAL WATER

WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AQUA SHIFA IN CUMBUM TOWEN

Gender: Male/Female

Education: ..........................

Age.................

Occupation.................
1. Are you using mineral water?
[ ] Yes [ ] No
2. Which brand mineral water are you use?
[ ] Aqua shifa [ ] Aqua guard [ ] Mullai aqua
3. Why do you prefer the Aqua shifa mineral water?
[ ] Quality [ ] Price [ ] Availability
4. Which factors influenced you to prefer the Aqua shifa mineral
water? [ ] Television [ ] Newspaper[ ] Friends
[ ] Others
5. How long are using this brand?
[ ] 1 Year [ ] 2 Year [ ]3 Year [ ] Above 4 year
6. How much quality of package are you
buying? [ ] 250 ml [ ] 1 lit
[ ] 25 lit
7. How frequently do you purchase your mineral water product?
[ ] daily [ ] Twice in a week [ ] Twice in a month [ ] once in month
8. What is your opinion about the quality?
[ ] Excellent [ ] Good [ ] Average
9. How do you feel about the price of mineral water?
[ ] Low [ ] Reasonable [ ] High [ ] Moderate

10. Do you except any changes in this product?

49
[ ] yes [ ] No

50
11. It what is your opinion to changes do you expect?

[ ] cash discount [ ] launching new product [ ] New capacity of bottles

12. What is your opinion about the availability of Aqua shifa mineral water?

[ ] Available in all places [ ] Not Available

13. What did you purchase the product?

[ ] Retailer Sales [ ] Department Store [ ] Super Market [ ] Direct from company

14. Whether you recommended the product

others? [ ] yes [ ] No

15. Do you think that aqua shifa mineral water gives better quality then their quality
water then the competitor

[ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Neutral [ ] Disagree

16. How did you satisfaction with Aqua shifa mineral water?

[ ] Very Satisfied [ ] Some What Satisfied [ ] Dissatisfied [ ] very dissatisfied

17. Do you refer the as mineral water to

others? [ ] Yes [ ] No

18. How you perceive the existing mineral water brand it term on satisfaction?

[ ] Very Satisfied [ ] SOMEWHAT Satisfied [ ] Dissatisfied [ ] Very Dissatisfied

19.Do you get any health issue while using aqua shifa mineral water?

[ ] Yes [ ] No

20. If the competitor after lower price as bottled water will you purchased the

product? [ ] Yes [ ] No

51