Class: BE CSD Div: A Roll No: 58

Subject: Laboratory Practice – IV Date:

Group C: Blockchain Technology
Assignment No: 05

Aim:
To develop a decentralized application (dApp) based on blockchain technology for a secure,
transparent, and immutable electronic voting (e-voting) system that ensures the integrity and
privacy of votes, while eliminating vote manipulation and fraud.

Objectives:
1. To create a secure and decentralized voting platform using blockchain technology.
2. To ensure vote immutability and integrity through the decentralized nature of
blockchain.
3. To implement a voter-controlled access mechanism for casting votes and verifying their
authenticity.
4. To design a transparent audit trail for all voting transactions, ensuring transparency and
trust.
5. To utilize smart contracts for managing voter registration, vote casting, and election
results computation.

6. To develop a user-friendly interface that allows voters and election administrators to

easily interact with the system.

Software Requirements:
1. Operating System:
o Ubuntu 18.04 or later.
o Windows 10.
2. Blockchain Framework:
o Hyperledger Fabric or Ethereum.
3. Programming Language:
o JavaScript (for smart contracts/chaincode).
o Python (for backend API).
o HTML/CSS/JavaScript (for frontend).
4. Development Tools:
 o Visual Studio Code or IntelliJ IDEA (IDE).
o Docker (for deploying the blockchain network).
o Hyperledger Fabric binaries or Truffle (for Ethereum development).
o Postman (for API testing).
5. Database:
o Blockchain ledger for storing immutable records of votes and voter registration.
o IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) for off-chain storage of voter credentials or
other non-sensitive data.

Hardware Requirements:
1. Processor:
o Intel Core i5 or equivalent (minimum).
o Intel Core i7 or equivalent (recommended).
2. RAM:
o 8 GB (minimum).
o 16 GB (recommended for smoother Docker and blockchain operations).
3. Hard Disk:
o 500 GB HDD (minimum).
o SSD recommended for faster performance.
4. Network:
o Reliable internet connection for blockchain network communication and real-
time vote processing.

Theory:
Blockchain technology offers a decentralized and tamper-proof ledger system where voting
data is securely stored across multiple nodes. This ensures that no single authority has the
power to manipulate or alter the voting records, making it ideal for building a transparent,
secure, and trusted e-voting system. The decentralized, immutable, and transparent features of
blockchain can eliminate common voting frauds such as vote tampering, double-voting, or
unauthorized vote casting.
Key Blockchain Features for E-Voting:
1. Decentralized Voting System:
Votes are not controlled or stored by a single entity, reducing the risk of tampering or
manipulation.
2.Immutability:
Once a vote is cast, it is recorded on the blockchain and cannot be altered, ensuring the integrity
of the election.
3. Voter-Centric Access Control:
Voters have control over their registration and voting process. They can verify their votes
using blockchain, providing a transparent and verifiable voting mechanism.
4.Transparency & Auditing:
Every action, including vote casting and result computation, is stored on the blockchain. This
provides a transparent and traceable audit trail, allowing election results to be independently
verified by anyone.

System Overview:
The blockchain-based e-voting dApp ensures a secure and transparent election process. The
architecture includes:
• Smart-Contracts:
Smart contracts manage voter registration, vote casting, and the computation of results
in a secure and automated way.
• Blockchain-Ledger:
Stores immutable records of votes, voter registration, and election results. Each
transaction is cryptographically secured to ensure its validity.
• IPFS:
Used for off-chain storage of non-sensitive data such as voter metadata, with the
blockchain storing the hash for verification.
• Access-Control:
Voters use smart contracts to cast their votes. The system ensures that each voter can
cast their vote only once, while maintaining their anonymity.

Workflow:
1. Voter-Registration:
Eligible voters register on the platform, and a blockchain address is assigned to each
voter. Smart contracts ensure that only registered voters can participate in the election.
2. Vote-Casting:
During the election, voters log into the dApp, cast their vote through the system, and
their vote is recorded immutably on the blockchain.
3. Vote-Verification:
Voters can verify that their vote was cast correctly by checking the blockchain.
However, the vote remains anonymous to others, maintaining privacy.
4. Election-Results:
Once voting is completed, smart contracts automatically tally the votes, and the results
are published. The process is transparent, and anyone can audit the votes on the
blockchain.
 5. Vote-Auditing:
A transparent audit trail of all transactions (including votes) can be reviewed at any
time, ensuring that the election process is fair and free from tampering.

Performance Parameters:
1. Accuracy:
Ensure that every vote is recorded correctly, with no discrepancies or errors in vote
tallying.
2. Time:
Measure the time taken to cast votes and compute results, aiming for real-time or near-
real-time performance.
3. Speed:
The speed at which votes are processed, including voter registration and result
computation.
4. Precision:
Ensure that the vote tallying and result announcement are precise and free from any
computational errors.
5. Recall:
Ability to verify votes and ensure that all legitimate votes are accurately counted.
6. Error-Rate:
Minimize the error rate during registration, vote casting, and result computation to
ensure a fair and transparent election.

Output:

Landing page and connected to Ethereum

Conclusion:
The blockchain-based e-voting system demonstrates a secure, efficient, and voter-centric
approach to conducting elections. By leveraging blockchain's decentralized nature, the system
provides strong vote integrity and transparency, ensuring that election data is securely stored
and tamper-proof. Voters are empowered with full control over their voting process, allowing
them to cast and verify their votes with complete trust. Election administrators and observers
benefit from a transparent and immutable audit trail of all voting transactions. This solution
addresses many of the security and fraud concerns that plague traditional voting systems,
paving the way for a more secure and transparent future in election management.