NHẬN DIỆN CẤU TRÚC TOEFL ITP

1. Câu đơn (tool hỗ trợ: https://kienthuctheonamthang.com/tool-xac-dinh-tu-loai-toefl-itp/ )

1. Great numbers of tiny shelled animals live on 19. The total mass of all asteroids in the solar
the ocean floor. system is much less than the mass of Earth’s Moon. P | 1
2. Colorado became a state in 1876. 20. Calcium is present in the body in greater
amounts than any other mineral.
3. Canada has a bicameral, or two-chamber
parliament. 21. The importance of the hand, and more
generally of the body, in children’s acquisition of
4. Canada adopted the decimal system of coinage
arithmetic can hardly be exaggerated
in 1867.
22. The soybean contains vitamins, essential
5. The skeleton of an insect is on the outside of its
minerals, and a high percentage of protein.
body.
23. More than half of the weight of green lumber
6. Amoebas are far too small to be seen without a
may come from moisture in the wood.
microscope.
24. Dubbing is used in filmmaking to add a new
7. Hot objects emit more infrared rays than do cold
sound track to a motion picture.
objects.
25. Except for certain microorganisms, all living
8. Economic goods may take the form either of
things need oxygen to survive.
material things or of services.
26. Neptune is farther from the Sun than any planet
9. The first transatlantic telephone cable system
except Pluto.
was not established until 1956.
27. The giant ragweed, or buffalo weed, grows up
10. Cora reefs have always been one of the greatest
to 18 feet high.
hazards to ships sailing in tropical seas.
28. Portrait prints were the first reproductions of
11. Writing pens are made in an almost endless
American paintings to be widely distributed in the
variety of shapes, sizes, and colors.
United States.
12. The earliest road markers were stones piled at
29. A three-foot octopus can crawl through a hole
intervals.
less than one inch in diameter.
13. East Liverpool, Ohio, is called the pottery
30. The soybean contains vitamins, essential
capital of the United States.
minerals, and a high percentage of protein.
14. During the decades after the United States Civil
31. According to United States criminal law,
War, a host of technical advances made possible a
insanity may relieve a person from the usual legal
new integration and uniformity of railroad service.
consequences of his or her acts
15. Stage producers Klaw and Erlanger were the
32. The imagist movement in poetry arose during
first to eliminate arguments among leading
the second decade of the twentieth century as a
performers by listing them on the program in order
revolt against romanticism.
of appearance, instead of prominence.
33. The role of the ear is to code acoustic
16. Pearl Sydenstricker Buck, winner of the Nobel
disturbances into neural signals suitable for
Prize for Literature in 1938, is Best known for her
transmission to the brain.
novels about China.
34. In art, the tendency of gouache colors to lighten
17. Most documentary filmmakers use neither
on drying makes possible a wide range of pearly or
actors nor studio setting.
paste-like effects.
18. Like bacteria, protozoans reproduce by splitting
in two.
35. One of the major rivers of the western United 51. Probably no man had more effect on the daily
States, the Colorado River flows for some 1,5000 lives of most people in the United States than did
miles from Colorado to northwestern Mexico. Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.
36. In eighteenth-century North American, printed 52. After the great blizzard of 1888 in the
engravings provided the most widespread northeastern United States, it took some people P | 2
manifestation rococo style. several days to shovel the snow away from their
homes.
37. Lenses, in the form of glasses and contact
lenses, are used to correct imperfection in eyesight. 53. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a
large amount of information on a single map.
38. The gray scale, a progressive series of shades
ranging from black to white, is used in computer 54. The large compound eyes of the dragonfly
graphics to add detail to graphical images. enable it to see moving objects almost eighteen feet
away.
39.Humans, like other animals, interact through
communicative behavior by means of signs or 55. The computer input unit changes all data into
symbols used conventionally. electronic pulses.
40. In the 1820’s physical education became part of 56. With affection and humor, poet Phyllis
the curriculum of Harvard and Yale Universities. McGinley praised the virtues of ordinary life.
41.From 1949 onward, the artist Georgia O’ Keeffe 57. Under the guidance of choreographers, Martha
made New Mexico her permanent residence Graham and Jerome Robbins, American dance has
reached new levels of artistic achievement.
42.In 1993 the Library of Congress appointed
author Rita Dove poet laureate of the United 58. True hibernation takes place only among warm-
States. blooded animals.
43. The colors and patterns of the wings of 59. There are two principal types of acceleration:
butterflies and moths help protect the organism linear and angular.
against predators.
60. Many of the Zuni people in the southwestern
44. Jupiter, the closest of the giant planets to Earth, United States earn their livelihoods and achieve
has no solid surface and is surrounded by zones considerable popularity as professional artists.
45. The ceremonial Chilcat blanket of the 61. Wallpaper originated in the latter part of the
Northwest Tlingit Indians was generally woven fifteenth century as a substitute
from cedar bark, wool, and goats’ hair.
62. Thyme, a fragrant garden herb, yields a
46. The world’s deepest cave, Pierre St. Martin in medicinal oil containing thymol.
the Pyrenees Mountains, is almost three times as
63. Nutritionists consider goat milk to be rich,
deep as the Empire State Building is high.
nourishing, and readily digested.
47.In general, the simpler plants appeared on the
64. John Lone’s physical grace and his ability to
Earth before those more complicated structure
transcend age, sex, and culture make him an
48.The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes extraordinary performer.
possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in
65. Before the introduction of synthetic dyes, yarns
the field of language learning.
were often colored by dyes obtained from natural
49.Genes determine such features as the shape of a vegetable and mineral matter.
leaf and the sex, height, and hair color of a child.
66. Ducks have been domesticated for many
50. The fragrances of many natural substances centuries and are raised commercially for their
come from oils, and these oils may be used in meat and eggs.
manufacturing perfumes.
67. Maggie Lena Walker, an insurance and banking 83. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues
executive, was brought up and spent her entire life singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth
in Richmond, Virginia. to her songs.
68. The early prospector lived a lonely and rugged 84. People’s expectations for a higher standard of
life, far from home and family. living increase conditions improve in their P | 3
community
69. With x – ray microscopes scientists can see
through live insects or even through solid pieces of 85. Sculptors shape images out of clay, stone, and
metal. metal.
70. The activities of the international marketing 86. The modern circus dates from the end of the
researcher are frequently much broader than those eighteenth century.
of the domestic marketer.
86. Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an
71. An innovator, ballerina Augusta Maywood was architect rival his contributions as a politician.
the first to form a traveling company.
87. Possibly the greatest advance in bridge-
72. Helium is the most difficult of all gases to building materials came with the invention of a
liquefy and is impossible to solidify at normal air cheap way to make steel.
pressure.
88. Contrary to general belief, snakes frequently
73. The telescopes of the 1600’s magnified objects subdue their prey without injecting poison.
thirty-three times their original size.
89. The values of a people, their customs, and their
74. Even at low levels, lead produces detrimental perceptions of the world influence their language.
effects on the nervous system
90. Maine has cooler weather than most of the
75. Every year Canadian businesses sell about 75 other states in the continental United States.
percent of their exports to the United States.
91. Graphite conducts electricity and does not
76. All living organisms constantly absorb carbon burn.
14 throughout their existence.
92. When traveling in arctic regions, the Aleuts
77. Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement construct igloos as temporary winter shelters.
in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to
93. Ground plans and contour maps of the Earth
glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the
can be drawn from aerial photographs.
machine and motion.
94. By the middle of the twentieth century, painters
78.Research into the dynamics of storms is directed
and sculptors in the United States had begun to
toward improving the ability to predict these events
exert a great worldwide influence over art.
and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.
95. The operetta first emerged as a popular form of
79. No social crusade aroused Elizabeth
musical theater in the nineteenth century.
Williams’enthusiasm more than the expansion of
educational facilities for immigrants to the United 96. The oldest known map dates back to about
States. 3,000 B.C.
80. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of 97. Transforming raw materials into useful
Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing products is called manufacturing.
center.
98. Work in parapsychology, a very controversial
81. As resident of New Mexico, Dennis Chavez field, has attracted a relatively small number
was elected to the House of Representatives in
1930 and to the Senate in 1938. 99. Deep depressions in the ocean floor are called
trenches.
82. Much of the history of Nebraska is the history
of the tough, strong-willed Nebraska farmer.
100. Because of their hardiness, daylilies can be
cultivated particularly easily.
2. Mênh đề tính từ https://kienthuctheonamthang.com/tool-ho-tro-ngu-phap-toefl-itp/
1.Amplifiers such as those in computers and sound 15. Known as the census taker of the sky Annie P | 4
strengthening reproducing systems are responsible Jump Cannon contributed considerably to the field
for an erratic input signal. of astronomy.
2. The black-billed cuckoo has been known to steal 16. During adolescence many young people begin
eggs that belong to other birds. to question values held by their families.
3. On attaining maximum size, the amoeba 17. Coral reefs are underwater landscapes that teem
reproduced by drawing itself out and dividing into with an abundance of exotic sea life.
two daughter amoebas, each receiving identical
18. Robert S. Duncanson was considered a painter
nuclear materials.
of the Hudson River school, which concentrated on
4. Isabel Bishop was one of many American artists scenes of America’s untamed wilderness.
employed by the government during the
19. In copper engravings and etchings the
Depression years on various federal art projects.
impression caused by the edges of the plate is
5. In the textile industry, the term gunny refers to clearly visible on the paper.
an inexpensive burlap that is not of the best quality.
20. Duke Ellington was a composer, conductor, and
6. Some procedures used for laboratory analysis of pianist who ranked as one of the greatest of all jazz
archaeological specimens are similar to procedures figures.
conducted in crime laboratories.
21. The slide rule uses sliding scales with marks
7. The windmill, which has been used for hundreds representing numbers and their logarithms.
of years to pump water and grind grains, is now
22. The executive and administrative authority in
being redesigned to produce electricity.
the United States government rests with a President
8. The spiral threads of a spider’s web have a who is elected for a four-year term.
sticky substance on them which traps insects.
23. To create stereophonic phonograph records,
9. According to anthropologists, the earliest two recordings are made of the same musical
ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled performance.
chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and
24. Charlie Parker, a great jazz improviser was one
protruding brows.
of the creators of the music style called bop.
10. The kettledrum produces different tones
25. The purpose of phonetics is to provide an
depending on whether it is struck with sticks that
inventory and a description of the sounds found in
have felt or sponge heads.
speech.
11. Like other women who pioneered in the field of
26. In most people, the areas of the brain that
medicine, Sara Mayo found the beginning years
control speech are located in the left hemisphere.
difficult.
27. Stars shine because of the amount of light and
12. Green plants alone have the power to make
heat produced by the nuclear reactions taking place
food from substances found in the air and soil.
within them.
13. Children with parents whose guidance is firm,
28.Drinking water containing excessive amounts of
consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high
fluorides may leave a stained or mottled effect on
levels of self-confidence.
the enamel of teeth.
14. Perhaps the primary cause of the growth of
29. Pewter, widely used for eating and drinking
adult education was industrialization, which
utensils in colonial America, is about ninety
accelerated the pace of socioeconomic change.
percent tin, which copper or bismuth added for 43. An image on a national flag can symbolize
hardness. political ideals that would otherwise take many
words to express.
30.A moth possesses two pairs of wings that
function as single pair and are covered with 44. Since prehistoric times, artists have arranged
dustlike scales. paint on surfaces in ways that express their ideas P | 5
about people and the world.
31. By adopting laws excluding competition from
an industry, governments have often created public 45. The Navajo Indians of the southwestern United
service monopolies. States are noted for their sand painting, also called
dry painting.
32. Charles Schulz’s comic strip, Peanuts, features
children who make funny but wise statements 46. The Liberty Bell, formerly housed in
about life. Independence Hall, a historic building in
Philadelphia, was moved to a separate glass
33. To break thick ice, an icebreaker boat moves
pavilion in 1976.
fast enough to ride up on the ice, which then breaks
under its weight. 47. Geothermal energy is a potentially
inexhaustible energy source that has been tapped
34. Virtually all species have biological clocks that
by humans for centuries but, until recent years,
regulate their metabolism over a 24-hour period.
only on a small scale.
35. The first inhabitants of the territories that now
48. There are three main processes involved in
make up Canada came across the Bering Strait and
virtually all manufacturing: extraction, assembly,
along the edge of the Arctic ice.
and alteration.
36. It was the need for new schools following the
49. Forests stabilize the soil and retain
Second World War that provided the sustained
precipitation, thereby helping to prevent erosion
thrust for the architectural program in Columbus,
and regulate the flow of streams.
Indiana.
50.A majority of people in the United States can
37. Located on the big island of Hawaii, Kilauea is
get all the calcium their bodies requiring from the
one of the world’s most active volcanoes, having
food they eat.
erupted dozens of times since 1952.
51. Closed plane figures like the square or the
38. As early as 1810, water-powered textile
equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class
manufacturing arrived in New Hampshire with the
called polygons.
founding of a company in Manchester that
manufactured cotton and wool. 52. The province of Alberta lies along three of the
major North American flyways used by birds
39. Generally, the representatives who compose a
migrating between their winter and summer homes.
legislature are constitutionally elected by a broad
spectrum of the population. 53. Ragtime is a kind of music that has a strongly
syncopated melody and a regularly accented
40. By 1872 the United States had 70 engineering
accompaniment.
colleges, an astonishing expansion credited largely
to the Morrill Act of 1862. 54. Emily Post’s book Etiquette, published in 1922,
was an immediate success.
41. The artist Romare Bcarden was a gifted colorist
whose yellows, deep blues, and fuchsias contrasted 55. Parsley, an herb that is often added to sauces
strongly with photographic gray in his bright and soups, is plentiful and relatively inexpensive.
collages.
56. The significance of mythology within a culture
42. Built at the site of a fort established by the is reflected in the prestige of storytellers the
Northwest Mounted Police, Calgary is now one of amount of time devoted to this activity, and the
Canada’s fastest growing cities. relevance of mythology to ceremonials.
57. Drafted in 1827, the constitution of the 64. Fructose is a monosaccharide sugar that is
Cherokee Nation provided for a chief executive, a much sweeter than cane sugar.
senate, and a house of representatives.
65. Resin is a substance that does not dissolve in
58. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water water.
P|6
solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on
66. Enzymes are complex organic catalysts
metals, and the ability to turn certain blue
originating in living cells.
vegetable dyes red.
67. Algebra generalizes certain basic laws that
59. All of the plants now raised on farms have been
govern the addition, subtraction, multiplication,
developed from plants that once grew wild.
and division of all numbers.
60. A ratchet is a wheel or bar that can move in
68. To save time and labor, cartoonists generally
only one direction.
draw the hands of their characters with only three
61. Over a very large number of trials, the fingers and a thumb.
probability of an event’s occurring is equal to the
69. As early as 2500 B.C., the Egyptians used
probability that it will not occur.
mirrors made of highly polished metal.
62. All early lamps fashioned from a wick floating
70. The recent discovery of a novel by Harriet
in a bowl of oil functioned according to the
Wilson, published in 1859, has brought to light a
principle of capillary action.
landmark in Black American literature.
63. Annie Jump Cannon, a leading astronomer,
discovered so many stars that she was called the
census taker of the sky.

3. Mệnh đề trạng từ
1. Although the United States exports some textile 8.California’s agricultural supremacy dates from
products, it imports many as well. 1947, when its farm output first exceeded that of
any other state.
2. All gases and most liquids and solids expand
when heated. 9. When Columbus reached the New World, corn
was the most widely grown plant in the Americas.
3. Since the oceans form a continuous mass of
water on the Earth’s surface, all continents are 10. Because kaolin shrinks in firing at a different
islands in the strictest sense of the word. rate than ordinary clay, special handling is required
when creating pottery using both types of clay.
4. Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse
environments and may be found wherever higher 11. If bacteria in foods are killed, as they are
plants can survive. during baking or stewing, decay is slowed down.
5. Because the saxophone is an excellent solo 12. Just as remote-controlled satellites can be
instrument, it is featured in some important employed to explore outer space, robots can be
orchestral works. employed to investigate the deep sea.
6. Before Geraldine Ferraro was selected as the 13. In the Arctic tundra, ice fog may form under
Democratic Party’s vice presidential candidate in clear skies in winter, whereas coastal fogs or low
1984, no woman had ever run for national office in stratus clouds are common in summer.
the United States on a major party ticket.
14. Cholesterol is present in large quantities in the
7. As digested food reaches the cells of the body, it nervous system, where it is a compound of myelin.
is oxidized, or slowly burned.
15. In addition to being a place where business
deals are made, a stock exchange collects statistics,
publishes prices quotations, and sets rules and 28. Geysers are found near rivers and lakes, where
standards for trading. water drains through the soil deep below the
surface.
16. Geometrically, the hyperbolic functions are
related to the hyperbola, just as the trigonometric 29. While conventional black ink costs newspapers
functions are related to the circle. about thirty cents a pound, most rub-resistant inks P | 7
add at least ten cents more per pound to the bill.
17. Lichens grow extremely well in very cold parts
of the world where few other plants can survive. 30. If salt concentrations are not leached out of
soil, reclamation procedures are needed to restore
18. The Actor’s Studio, a professional actors’
the land’s productivity.
workshop in New York City, provides a place
where actors can work together without the 31. The knee is the joint where the thigh bone
pressure of commercial production. meets the large bone of the lower leg.
19. Although the hamster’s basic diet is vegetarian, 32. Even though relatively costly, the diesel engine
some hamsters also eat insects. is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.
20. Whereas conventional computers handle tasks 33. Two years after she was chosen president of the
one after another, parallel computers perform Texas State Senate, Barbara Jordan campaigned
groups of operations at the same time. successfully for a seat in the United States
Congress.
21. Although the huge ice masses called glaciers
move slowly, they are a powerful erosive force in 34. And ideal is a standard by which people judge
nature. real phenomena.
22. Abstraction goes into the making of any work 35. The mechanism by which brain cells store
of art, whenever the artist is aware of it or not. memories is not clearly understood.
23. The small greenish flowers of the American 36. Desert animals need a means of retaining
elm tree appear in the spring, long before the moisture in such a hot, dry climate if they are to
leaves grow. survive.
24. Mercury differs from other industrial metals in 37. The state of Wyoming is also known as the
that it is a liquid. Equality State because Wyoming women were the
first in the nation to vote.
25. Because the papaya grows readily from seed, it
spreads from its home in Central America and now 38. The extent of the harmful effect of locoweeds
grows throughout the tropics. on animals depends on the soil in which the plants
grow.
26. Cree people lived on the North Saskatchewan
River long before the Hudson’s Bay Company built 39. Although adult education in the United States
a fur trading post there. began in colonial times, its chief growth has taken
place since the 1920’s.
27.In reorganizing the curriculum of Mt. Holyoke
College in the late 1800’s Elizabeth Mead laid the 40. Because its leaves remain green long after
foundation on which the modern college rests. being picked, rosemary became associated with the
idea of remembrance.

4. Mệnh đề danh từ
1. Uniform acceleration occurs if the rate of change 2. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic
remains the same over successive and equal representation of what is conceived to be reality.
intervals.
3. It is estimated that millions of galaxies exist in
the vast space outside the Milky Way.
4.A biologist does not merely describe organisms, 10. By means of their senses, many-celled animals
but tries to learn what cause them to act as they do. perceive what is happening in their environment.
5. The quantum theory states that energy, such as 11. In central Georgia, archaeological evidence
light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite indicates that Native Americans first inhabited the
P|8
units called quanta or photons. area thirteen centuries ago.
6. It is believed that life began billions of years ago 12. The position of the larynx, or voice box, in the
in the water. neck determines how an animal breathes,
swallows, and vocalizes.
7. In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes
what he considers the spiritual barrenness of 13. How ballads were composed traditionally has
society brought about by science and technology. been a subject of debate among scholars.
8. Lunar eclipses occur when each time the Earth 14. Why dinosaurs became extinct is not clear to
blocks the Sun’s light from the Moon researchers.
9. Scientists think that losing leaves helps some 15.The Woolworth Building in New York was the
tree to conserve water in the winter. highest in America when built in 1943 and was
famous for its use of Gothic decorative detail.

5. Tổng hợp
1. The difference between libel and slander is that Hall, It was clear that jazz had at last been fully
libel is printed while slander is spoken accepted.
2. The chief foods eaten in any country depend 9. The settings of Eudora Welty’s stories may be
largely on what grows best in its climate and soil. rather limited, but what she exposes about human
nature is quite broad.
3. Most substances contract when they freeze so
that the density of a substance’s solid is higher than 10. Hail is formed when a drop of rain is carried by
the density of its liquid. an updraft to an altitude where the air is cold
enough to freeze it.
4.Although many people use the word milk to refer
cow’s milk, it also applies to milk from any animal, 12. Astronomers estimate that a loose cluster of
including human milk and goat’s milk. stars called the Pleiades in the constellation Taurus
is 415 light-years away from Earth.
5.Tornados, powerful, destructive wind storms,
occur most often in the spring when hot winds 13. Although the evidence is inconclusive, it is
rising over flat land encounter heavy cold air. thought that at least some seals have an
echolocation system akin to that of bats, porpoises,
6. Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of
and shrews.
doctrines an attitudes whose principal uniting
feature is the belief that government is both 14. Fossils, traces of dead organisms found in the
harmful and unnecessary. rocks of Earth’s crust, reveal what life was like at
the time the rocks were formed.
7. Magnesium has a specific gravity of 1.74, which
means that it weighs 1.74 times as much as an 15. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a
equal volume of water. degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to
withstand considerable impact.
8. In 1938, when Benny Goodman’s orchestra
presented a concert at the prestigious Carnegie