Exercise 1

1. It was careless of you to leave the motorbike unlocked yesterday.

➔ You shouldn’t…………...
2. He will have a headache if he doesn’t stop reading in that poor light.
➔ Unless ……………….. ….
3. As he grows older, he becomes increasingly cheerful.
➔ The older …………………..
4. He drives so carelessly that he often has accidents.
➔ He's such…………………. ……
5. She didn’t write to him until she received a letter from him.
➔ It was not until………..
6. They set off to climb the mountain yesterday in spite of the fog.
➔ Although it ………………… …
7. I only realized that I had forgotten to close the door when my wife told me.
➔ Only when my wife ………………………….. ….
8. He just put the phone down and it rang again.
➔ No sooner … ………………. …
9. It is believed that the man was killed by terrorists.
➔ The man ………………………………… …
10. Brian doesn’t play sports and he doesn't watch them on TV.
➔ Brian neither ……………………………. …

Exercise 2
1. Trash covers the whole street.
➔ The whole street …………………………………………………
2. Can you describe him to me?
➔ What ……………………………………………………………
3. It isn’t necessary to buy a first class ticket.
➔ You don’t need …………………………………………………
4. They wanted to apologize for their behavior, that’s why they paid for dinner.
→ They paid for dinner ………………………………………………
5. They managed to finish the project in time for the presentation.
➔ They were ……………………………………………………….
6. The students regretted that they had missed the lecture.
➔ The students regretted not ………………………………………
7. It’s hard for me to drive on the left.
➔ I’m not …………………………………………………………
8. We bought this house three years ago.
➔ We have ……………………………………………………….
9. My father used to smoke.
➔ No longer ……………………………………………………….
10. We didn’t have enough money to buy the car.
➔ We couldn’t …………………………………………………….
Exercise 3
1. It’s a fairly long time since I last watched this program.
I haven’t ____________________________________________
2. It was wrong of you to cheat in the exam.
You shouldn’t ________________________________________.
3. None of these books are more informative than the encyclopedia.
The encyclopedia _____________________________________
4. The hurricane has totally destroyed the town.
The town has ________________________________________
5. Betty eventually agreed to lend me her motorbike for the day.
I eventually got ________________________________________.
 6. I think that you shouldn’t drink so much coffee.
If I _____________________________________________.
7. I wouldn’t have succeeded if my parents hadn’t encouraged and supported me.
But for __________________________________________
8. Jeremy regrets not having accepted the job he was offered.
Jeremy wishes _____________________________________.
9. “I will not let you borrow my car tomorrow, Graham.” said Michael.
Michael refused ____________________________________
10. I spoke to a very helpful assistant manager last week.
The assistant manager ________________________________

Exercise 4
1. George is not nearly as energetic as he used to be.
to be more energetic
George used.........................................................................................................................
2. “You’d better go to the doctor if you’ve got a pain in your back, Anna” said Henry.
Anna that she should go to the doctor
Henry suggested ..................................................................................................................
3. James spoke to his lawyer before signing the contract.
James didn’t.........................................................................................................................
sign the contract without speaking to his lawyer
4. Mrs. Taylor does not like living in such a small house.
Mrs. Taylor wishes She didn't live in such a small house
...............................................................................................................
5. It was such a low bridge that the bus couldn’t go under it.
So low
...................................................................................................................................
was a bridge that that the bus couldn't go under it
6. “Never borrow money from friends”, my father said.
me never to borrow money from friends
My father told......................................................................................................................
7. I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs. Elton you saw because she’s in Bristol.
It can’t have
.................................................................................................................................
been Mrs.Elton you saw because she's in Bristol
8. “You damaged my bicycle, John” said Margaret.
Margaret accused.................................................................................................................
John of damaging his bicycle
9. My suit needs to be cleaned before the interview.
have my suit cleaned before the interview
I must...................................................................................................................................
10. No, please don’t tell him.
I’d rather..............................................................................................................................
you didn't tell him

Exercise 5
1. Jack doesn't know all the answers, though he pretends to.
Jack acts as if ______________________________
2. Unless he phones immediately , he won’t get any information.
If he _____________________________________
3. Their dog was so fierce that nobody would visit them.
They had such _____________________________.
4. They believe all the victims were rescued from the river.
All the victims are believed __________________.
5. Even though I admire his courage, I think he is foolish
Much as _______________________________
6. Thanks to her mother's encouragement, she entered the beauty contest.
If her mother ____________________________.
7. We left quietly, so that we wouldn’t disturb the children.
So as __________________________________
8. There would be nowhere for them to stay if they arrived today.
Were __________________________________
9. It is pointless to have that old typewriter repaired.
That old typewriter is not __________________
10. He said he was not guilty of stealing the car
He denied ______________________________