MILESTONE

H E L P I N G
C H E M I S T S

Pyro 260
Including how to install complete muffle

Operator Manual
MA083
 WARNING FOR SAFE OPERATION OF
MILESTONE MICROWAVE UNITS

DO NOT OPERATE THE LABSTATION UNATTENDED

Never leave a microwave labstation unattended during operation. Microwave labstation must always
be closely monitored during any process and especially during high temperature processes (above the
boiling temperature of the solution).

HIGH TEMPERATURE - LONG REACTION TIMES

Microwave processes at prolonged high temperature can result in damage to the rotor as well as to
vessel components and can result in dangerous handling conditions for operators (handling hot
vessels and rotors can result in skin burns). Operation at high temperature for prolonged time can
result in ignition of rotor and vessel components.
Milestone offers a contact less, infrared temperature sensor, that can provide full safety for prolonged
high temperature processes. Infrared sensor monitors the external temperature off all vessels,
preventing an overheating of the components and allowing full control of the temperatures.

TYPE OF MATERIALS
Low microwave absorbing mixtures (e.g. hydrocarbons, oils, non polar organic solvents, etc) may
damage the vessels if overheating occurs.

NUMBER OF VESSELS
Never introduce just one vessel with low load (lower than the minimum recommended) into the
working chamber. Always operate with a minimum of three vessels in the monoblock rotors or when
the system is controlled by power only and not by temperature. Only exceptions are the evaporator
rotors MMR and single segments for synthetic purposes.

METAL PARTS
Never introduce external metal parts into the microwave cavity. High voltage discharges may cause
uncontrolled increase in temperature, which could cause damage to the unit.

CLEANING CAVITY AND DOOR

Always make sure that the surface between the door and the unit is kept perfectly clean. We
recommend wiping it with tissue papers after every run. Do not use aggressive cleaning materials.
Avoid scratching the acid resistant coating of the cavity. If the chamber surface is not clean, there
could be sparking and overheating with possible damage to the internal coating.

SERVICE
In order to operate under safe conditions and to avoid any danger or risk of accidents, the following
rules must be strictly followed:
1. Always disconnect the unit from power supply before any repairs
2. Before switching the unit on after every repair, it is necessary to make sure that:
- all internal connections are correctly soldered
- all cables are insulated and do not come into contact with either the door or the sharp edges
of the unit
- both the electrical and mechanical connections are virtually faultless
- no modifications have been made to the built-in service devices
- the spare parts are those required by the manufacturer

WARNING: do not operate the unit if the slightest doubt exists that it may not working properly!

In case of damage to the unit, call for a trained Service Engineer immediately and do not operate the
unit until repaired. The unit can be serviced and opened exclusively by a properly trained service
Engineer.

WARNING: high voltage present when opening the cabinet!

 BASIC RULES OF MICROWAVE CHEMISTRY
The basic rules of chemistry also apply in a microwave field. The conditions outlined in the Milestone
cookbooks describe optimized microwave processes of particular materials. The procedures in
Milestone cookbooks are only guidelines. Please refer to your local Milestone Application Specialist for
any modifications or suggestions.

Basic rules are described below:

• All vessels must contain same type and amount of sample/reaction mixture.
• Be sure the minimum and maximum volumes are set in accordance with the rotor
specification.
• The maximum volume has always to be approximately 50/60% of the total volume of the
vessel.
• Never use a blank in the reference vessel, because a possible exothermic reaction can not be
monitored.
• Never heat water in the reference and/or in one of the standard vessels, in any digestion
cycles.
• Before adding reaction mixture rinse the vessels with distilled water in order to remove any
electrostatic field.
• To prevent hot spot place the sample on the bottom of the vessels, if part of the sample stays
on the inner wall of the vessel, wet it by adding acids drop by drop.
• If during the addition of the reagents at your sample an exothermic reaction is observed,
leave the vessel under fume hood for five minutes, before closing
• Before running any test check that the method (temperature and pressure) is suitable for your
type of reactor.
• For method development use a small sample amount (e.g. 100 mg), low temperature, low
power and short time
• For strong exothermic reactions add 2 ml of distilled water
• Periodically check the status of vessels, covers, shields, adapters, springs.
• Always check the reference cover especially at level of the thermowell.
• After starting the microwave program always check if the temperature and/or pressure sensor
are free to rotate.
• Never open the reaction vessels at high temperature or above the boiling temperature of the
reagents
• After digestion open the vessels slowly. In particular for organic samples that generates a lot
of yellow-red gases (NOx) during the digestion: n(CH2) + HNO3 = nCO2(g) + NOX(g) + H2O
(reaction between organic samples and HNO3).
• Do not use ice to cool down the rotor after microwave heating as the thermal shock could
damage the safety shields.

Before using Milestone labstations read carefully the user manual.

 M I L E S T O N E
USER MANUAL

Thank you for choosing our system and welcome to the ever growing world club of
Milestone users.

We are sure that you will be completely satisfied with this new tool entering your
laboratory.

We invite you to read carefully this operator manual and to keep it in reach for convenient
and fast consulting.

The valid version of this manual is English.

In case of translation in other languages, please refer to the original version.

For any possible clarification or any request of intervention please contact either our
Representative in your country:

Or us at the following address:

Milestone Srl
Via Fatebenefratelli 1/5
24010 SORISOLE (BG) – ITALY
Phone: 0039-035-573857
Fax: 0039-035-570507
e-mail: analytical@milestonesrl.com
website: www.milestonesrl.com

Caution!
Please read the operator manual before using the instrument!

SYMBOLS USED IN THIS MANUAL

An instruction accompanied by this symbol provides a cautionary

statement: WARNING. Failure to follow the instruction may endanger
the user or cause damage to the instrument.

Please read carefully this instruction.

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INDEX Page II

CE PRECAUTIONS Page III

GETTING STARTED GUIDE Page 1

PYRO 260 Page 5-14

Configuration
Introduction
Technical specifications
Unpacking and checking
Installation
T260 Interface ports
Setup

MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY Page 15

Introduction
Description
Applications
Warnings

MAINTANANCE OF THE MILESTONE PYRO ASHING SYSTEM Page 17

Replacement of the filter
Replacement of the fuses
Replacement of the muffle

TERMINAL 260 Page 19

MUFFLE TECHNICAL NOTES Page 39

TOTAL PAGES 41

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SAFETY

Your personal safety is of the utmost importance for us, therefore, the precautions
necessary to perform chemistry under these conditions must be strictly followed.
All procedures also apply to synthesis procedures. Any and all people involved
in the use of this equipment must read the following precautions.

1. External fire protection should be installed according to local regulations for equipment
operating unattended.
2. If materials inside the equipment should ignite, keep the cavity closed, switch off the
equipment and disconnect the power cord or turn off the power at the fuse or circuit
breaker.
3. The equipment shall not be used for heating and ventilation of laboratories. The
equipment shall not be used as a sterilizing equipment.
4. The equipment shall not be used as a medical electrical equipment. The equipment shall
not be used for heating food and beverages. The equipment shall not be used for mass
production. The equipment shall not be used in an explosive atmosphere.
5. The equipment shall only be operated indoors, where the altitude does not exceed 2,000
meters (1,242 feet), at temperatures between +5°C and +40°C +(41°F and +104°F).
The maximum relative humidity is 80% for temperatures up to 31°C (87.8°F) decreasing
linearly to 50% relative humidity at 40°C (104°C).
6. The equipment shall be operated in places where fluctuations of the main supply voltage
are not exceeding values of 1.10 times the nominal voltage and are not below 0.90 times
the nominal voltage. The equipment shall only be operated in places where transient
overvoltages on the main supply are not exceeding values of overvoltage category II
specified in IEC 60364-4-443.
7. The power supply must be protected by a residual current circuit breaker with other
current protection, interrupt capability equal or more than 4500A, nominal current 16A (a
230V) and 32A (a 115V), characteristics C-curve, residual current 30mA. Power line must
have strong earth connection.
8. The equipment shall only be operated in places where normally only non-conductive
pollution occurs and occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused by
condensation may occur. The equipment shall not be stored or operated in places where
special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere
(dust, vapor or gas).

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GETTING STARTED GUIDE

MILESTONE PYRO

Setting up your Milestone PYRO 260 is easy. Simply follow this instruction to setup your
Milestone PYRO. After you complete the setup, take some time to explore the features of your
system. The user manual provides tips and instructions to help you learn the basics of your
PYRO.

SETUP YOUR PYRO

Rear view of Milestone Pyro

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GETTING STARTED GUIDE

Step DESCRIPTION PICTURE

Connect the power cord to the back side of

1
the unit

Plug-in the terminal cable to the back side

2
of the unit and then to the Terminal

Connect and fix the exhaust tube to the unit

and place the opposite side into the fume-
3
hood (or any connection to it)

Properly assembly the complete muffle (see

4 the user manual for the complete
assembling procedure)

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NOTE
Further information regarding the installation can be found in the Pyro user manual.

START USING YOUR PYRO

Milestone Pyro can be used with all type of crucibles (ceramic, quartz, platinum, nickel). In the
following instructions we will quickly show the way to use a Milestone ashing system.

NOTE
Milestone suggests to entirely read the User Manual before to run the unit.

Step DESCRIPTION PICTURE

1 Weight the sample in the crucibles

2 Place the crucibles in the preheated muffle

Leave the crucible in the muffle according to

3
your method

Remove the crucible and place it into a

4
desiccator

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Weight the crucible and calculate the

5
residue

*The sample amount and the microwave program must be chosen in accordance with the
Milestone guidelines (see Milestone application notes included in your CD)

More information can be found into the PYRO User Manual

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PYRO 260

PYRO 260 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

POWER
1 magnetron 1200W controlled via microprocessor in 1W increments. The reduced rating
guarantees longer life to the magnetron itself.

CONTROL TERMINAL 260

Control terminal 260, touch screen industrial grade controller 5” screen.
Resolution 240X20 dots for sharp process Graphic.
Graphic display of Time, Temperature, Pressure, Power, QP and Stirring.
All parameters can be modified “on line” while system is running
Multiple access levels through passwords.
Graphic zoom capabilities
N.1 PS2 ports for mouse.
N.1 RS 484 port for microwave unit.
N.1 RS 232 for external device.
Methods and process reporting data saved on internal memory.

SOFTWARE
"Easy-Control" Software for full GLP documentation with PID Algorithms to exactly duplicate
the required temperature curve, and for full Quality Assurance.

FREQUENCY
Microwave power frequency is 2450 MHz, equivalent to a wavelength of 12,25cm.

OUTPUTS
Outputs: PS2 ports for mouse (not included)

HARDWARE:
The hardware of the unit is all made in stainless steel.
The working chamber is made of a special microwave transparent refractory material.

TEMPERATURE RANGE:
20°C to 1000°C

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DIMENSIONS:
Control panel: 230mmx170mmx110mm (approx. 9’’x7’’x4.5’’)
Milestone Pyro system: (external dimensions) 480mmx550mmx560mm (approx. 19’’x21’’x22’’)
Working chamber: 242mmx84mmx162mm (approx. 9.5’’x3’’x6.5’’)

WEIGHT:
Total weight: 57 Kg.

POWER SUPPLY:
230 Volt/50 Hz – 2.2kW. P/N 44095
230Volt/60Hz 2.2kW P/N 44097

PYRO INTRODUCTION

The Milestone Pyro ashing system is a high temperature muffle furnace based on microwave
technology. It can be used as an alternative to the traditional heating muffle furnace offering
the following main advantages:

• reduction of ashing times

• saving of electrical energy
• safe operation

Microwave technology opens the door to more rapid and more efficient handling of the
samples, allowing at the same time improved laboratory conditions for the operator. The
Milestone Pyro ashing unit has a compact design and an increased inside volume of the
muffle. The unit has a built-in fan to exhaust fumes or acid vapors generated during ashing.

HOW THE PYRO WORKS

A special microwave-transparent ceramic muffle furnace allows microwave energy to pass

through and rapidly raise the temperature of silicon carbide plates located inside the muffle.
Porous ceramic honeycomb frits built into the side walls of the muffle furnace allow a constant
stream of air to pass over the sample crucibles. The combination of microwave "superheating"
and the oxygen from the air flow results in a dramatic reduction of ashing times.

Microwave cavity
Heating plate

Air Exhaust fan

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TEMPERATURE MONITORING

A high-precision thermocouple located in close proximity to the bottom of the ashing crucibles
(and unaffected by the airflow) monitors temperatures inside the furnace. The thermocouple's
signal is used as a feedback control mechanism to regulate microwave power output and
maintain the user selected ramping/ashing temperature.

CHOICE OF CRUCIBLES

The high-efficiency microwave energy coupling characteristics of the silicon carbide heating
inserts allows the use of any type of crucible (metal, porcelain, quartz, etc.) within the
microwave furnace.

HIGHEST STANDARDS OF SAFETY

The door of the PYRO is made of stainless steel with a lining of ceramic fibers. In the event of
a power failure, the door will not be damaged, even if the unit is operating at high
temperatures. The unit also has an over temperature sensor to protect it from overheating
within the microwave cavity. Four micro-switches will instantaneously cut off microwave
missions whenever the door is opened.

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PYRO INSTALLATION

UNPACKING

When unpacking, verify that all parts correspond to the packing list included in the shipment.
Utmost care must be taken during unpacking of the Pyro to avoid any scratch or damage to
the special acid and organic solvent resistant external coating.

The standard carton box includes:

n°1 Pyro ashing system

n°1 Power cord

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n°1 exhaust tube

n°1 Terminal 260 (Intarface cable RJ45 included)

n°1 muffle complete (crucibles are not included)

PYRO SETUP

Remove the Pyro from the box and place it on a lab bench:

Connect the exhaust tube to the back side of the Pyro and tight the metal strip:

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Connect the opposite side of the exhaust tube to the fume hood or any connections to it:

Connect the power cord to the back side of the unit:

Plug the interface cable of the terminal to the back side of the unit and to the terminal:

In the following instruction is described the procedure to properly assemble the muffle into the
Pyro:

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Place the bottom plate into the Pyro:

Position the two back ceramic support on the bottom plate:

Insert the ceramic stopper into the muffle (right and left side):

allocate the muffle with ceramic stoppers on the supports introducing at the same time the
thermocouple through the hole in the back wall of the muffle itself.

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Holding the muffle with one hand, introduce the front ceramic supports

Cover the thermocouple with the ceramic protection

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Slide the top plate (grid) into the plate

Insert the heating element into the top part of the muffle (there are guides to support the plate)

place the front frame, it will be supported by the front ceramic adapter:

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Complete the installation of the muffle placing the muffle door

Now the system is ready:

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MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION
The Milestone Pyro ashing system is a muffle furnace utilizing microwaves as heating source.
Contrary to traditional systems based on electrical resistances, this unit allows to carry out all
those laboratory procedures requiring heating (ashing, moisture determination, etc.) very
rapidly, as it reduces times from hours to minutes. This result is attained thanks to the
combination of microwave “superheating” and high venting system of the working chamber
(during ashing) which results in a faster oxidation. This also results in a reduction of the
absorbed electrical energy with consequent substantial saving.

APPLICATIONS
The following table shows the typical ashing times obtained with the Milestone Pyro ashing
system with different samples:

TYPICAL ASHING TIMES WITH MILESTONE PYRO ASHING SYSTEM

Sample Temperature Microwave Ashing Traditional Ashing time (minutes)

time (minutes)
PET FOOD 575 21 90
(ground)
CAT FOOD 575 15 300
POLYPROPYL 650 22 80
ENE
PVC 900 15 120
POLYMER 600 15 480
POLYESTER
POLYURETH 900 15 120
ANE
COAL 750 20 120
STANDARD
AR 2782
DRIED EGGS 925 25 240
YOLK
ACTIVATED 750 25 180
COAL

GENERAL GUIDELINES TO DEVELOP A METHOD WITH MILESTONE PYRO

Below are listed some basic rules to develop a procedure with Milestone Pyro:

1. Preheat the muffle to a set temperature, set the same temperature used in the
traditional muffle or according to Milestone ashing cookbook
2. Weight a clean crucibles
3. Weight the sample in the crucibles
4. Place the crucible in the preheated muffle
5. After 40-60 minutes open the system and check the status of the sample (DO NOT
OPEN THE SYSTEM IF FLAMABLE SAMPLES ARE RUNNING). Normally the sample
is completely ashed when the residue is light gray or white.
6. If the residue in the crucibles is light gray or white, remove it and cool it down in a
disecator
7. Weight the crucible and calculate the residue. If the residue is too high place the
crucible in the Pyro for 20-30 minutes, in order to complete the ashing. If the residue is

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within the expected range, the ashing is completed. Milestone suggests to repeat the
test reducing the ashing time to half of the previous test, in order to further speed up
the procedure.

WARNING!
Never operate the unit without muffle door as the heat generated inside would
severely damage the external coating of the door of the unit.

In case of lack of voltage during operation of the unit (particularly in case the muddle is
working at very high temperatures) it is recommended to open the front door to allow proper
cooling of the inside walls, deprived of the forced ventilation.

IMPORTANT NOTICE
Although the high power of the heating system allows to reach higher
temperatures, it is recommended not to enter T1 values over 1000°C.

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MAINTENANCE OF THE MILESTONE PYRO ASHING SYSTEM

BEWARE! HIGH VOLTAGE!

Servicing and repairs of the Milestone Pyro ashing system must be performed
exclusively by trained service personnel. The unit includes high voltage parts!
Before opening the unit, always disconnect it from the power line.

REPLACEMENT OF THE AIR FILTERS (p/n 60025)

The filters need periodical cleaning/ replacement, according to the environmental conditions of
the laboratory. Replacement is done by gently removing the grid which is secured by simple
pressure. The filters are placed in the back and left sides of the unit:

It is possible to clean the two filters simply using compressed air or with water.

CLEANING OF THE PYRO CAVITY

Periodically a cleaning of the Pyro cavity is recommended.
To perform the cleaning, it is necessary to fully remove the complete muffle (see the
installation chapter) and using a detergent (such as detergent for glasses) clean all the metal
cavity

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In case some dust/ powder is on the bottom of the cavity, remove the bottom plate and clean
it.

REPLACEMENT OF THE MUFFLE

Due to the friction between the door and the front frame it is possible that, after a while, the
replacement of them is required.

Do not use the muffle if there is a leakage between all the muffle parts.

All the parts of the muffle are listed in the Muffle technical notes included in the user manual.

Due to the high temperature reach by the muffle; time to time it will be required to replace the
high temperature door panel p/n 50101 (this operation can be done by Milestone local
technician).

IMPORTANT!
Always use Milestone original spare parts. Use of unproper refractory material
may cause severe damages to the unit and generate danger for the operator!

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TERMINAL 260

DESCRIPTION

TERMINAL 260 is a monochrome touch screen industrial grade controller 5” screen, for creating, editing,
running and storing microwave programs.

It is operated by simply touching the icons on the screen, or optionally, with mouse or keyboard.
The easyCONTROL software is installed in the hard disk memory of the terminal.
The desired operating curve can be directly drawn by the user on the screen. All control parameters with
theoretical and actual curves are simultaneously displayed. This means that providing the real time graphic
representation, the real measuring values can be continuously adjusted to the desired curves and allow the
complete control of all sample parameters.

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INSTALLATION

easyCONTROL

The easyCONTROL software is supplied already installed in the TERMINAL 260. Software Updates are carried
out by Service.

TERMINAL 260 CONNECTIONS

Connections on the front panel

Keyboard or Mouse: Keyboard or mouse can be plugged into the PS2. ports. Keyboard and mouse are not
included with the control terminal.

Device: port for the communication with the microwave unit and for power supply of the terminal. The
connecting cable is included: Interface cable RJ45

Printer: No printer can be connected.

CONNECTIONS TO THE MICROWAVE UNIT

The terminal can only be connected to a microwave unit with built-in a corresponding interface card. The
connection is located on the back panel of the Microwave unit.

Terminal: Communication port with the terminal and for the power supply of the terminal.

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CONNECTION OF TERMINAL TO MICROWAVE UNIT

Switch off the microwave unit (the switch located on the top left front of the unit).
Warning: Always switch off the unit before connecting or disconnecting the terminal to
the microwave unit or damage to the interface board will occur!

Connect the interface cable RJ45 to the “Device” port on the front of the terminal (see above picture).
Connect the other end of the cable to the “terminal” port on the back panel of the Microwave unit.
Switch on the microwave unit . When switching on also the lamp inside the cavity will be switched on.
The start page will now be displayed on the TERMINAL 260. If the terminal is connected to the microwave for
the first time, information on settings is exchanged between terminal and interface, this operation requires a
few seconds (see next paragraph). The terminal is now ready for operation.

TRANSFER OF SETTINGS BETWEEN TERMINAL AND INTERFACE

The settings of the System Administration (see chapter Panel Administrator) are stored in the terminal and in
the interface-board.
When the terminal is connected to a microwave unit, the settings are transferred as follows:
• In case no settings are stored in the interface-board, the settings of the terminal are transferred to
the interface-board;
• In case settings are already stored in the interface-board, these are transferred from the interface-
board to the terminal.

EEPROM

Internal Memory (32 kb). All data files remain stored also in case of black-outs. The EEPROM is reserved for
the methods and runs

EasyCONTROL

PROGRAM START/LOGIN

Switching on the Microwave unit will start at the same time the TERMINAL 260 and the program.

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Select your name from the Login-window. Type your password and confirm with “O.k.” Use the Touch Screen
or the mouse.

At the time of delivery the following passwords are factory set:

Administrator = 123456
User = 123
The passwords can be modified (see Chapter Panel Administrator).

PROGRAM TERMINED / LOGOUT

By touching on Logout the Login-window will be displayed.

You can switch off the system now or another person can log in.
Switching off the microwave unit will also switch off the terminal.

DESKTOP OF easyCONTROL

After Login, the start page of the easyCONTROL software will be displayed. Touching the different icons you
will enter the program run or the administration area of the software.
easyCONTROL offers four different programs for microwave units. On your screen, only those programs that
are compatible and can be run with your microwave system configuration will be displayed as touching icons.

1. Logout
2. Panel Administration
3. press PREP

Logout

By Logout you log out yourselves from the system. The log in window
appears, where the next user can log in by means of password.

Panel Administration

In the management of equipment basic adjustments are made. They are

to a large extent the administrator and/or service reserved.

Program

Here all process parameters for your program including date stored

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easyCONTROL

GENERAL AND SPECIFIC SYMBOLS

Switching surfaces can be operated either by affecting by means of Touch screen or by clicking by means of
mouse. The same applies to selecting registers and data records. Input fields can after marking over the
keyboard or by repeated affecting over opening the standard keyboard on the screen will enter.
Generally used symbols:

File open.

File store.

The “Break” icon terminates the input without saving and takes you out of the input
window.

Create a new, empty data file. The current file is deleted from the memory (save any
changes before doing it).

Back, windows abandoned and on superordinate level change.

Ventilation, pressing on it at the end of the program extra cooling

start.

Pressing on it, the program will start.

Pressing on it, the program will be in pause.

Pressing on it, the program will stop.

Program finished, pressing on it, the program will turned to start.

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Used symbols for graphic of run for recorded data:

Click the icons buttons to activate or deactivated the functions. The function activated shows the sensor
profile on the graphic display:

E: Curve of Microwave Power.

Time: On the left of the graphic, total time and run time are shown.
Total Time is the total duration time of the MW-Program including ventilation.
Run time is the time already elapsed from the start of the MW-Program. The growing
blue bar shows the percent runtime vs total time.

System-Information: The Info icon opens the System Information window. Here
the user can enter the information of the system. 12 lines are available for remarks.
Default information is taken from the page System administration/ Settings/System-
Information. The System Information is printed out together with the process run.

HOW TO CREATE A NEW PROGRAM WITH easyCONTROL

NOTE
In order to make the following chapter as clear as possible, we have opted for the representation
only of the program shown by the control terminal display.

The following example will be described:

Summary:

Step Time Power (Watt) T1. (°C)

(hh:mm:ss)
1 00:30:00 1000 600
2 03:00:00 1000 600
Ventilation 00:10:00

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Switch on the main switch, located on the front panel.

The easyCONTROL display will show:

Type your identification and confirm you with o.k. using you for it the Touch screen.
The display will show the easyCONTROL desktop:

Press “Program” the display will show the “Method”:

Press “Parameter” the display will show:

Press in the window of ventilation.

The display will show a keyboard:
Digit the time “10”, confirm by pressing OK.
Control for permits the selection of different controls such as T1, T2,P, for Pyro unit select only T1.

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The Start parameters always ON (activated icon) when the temperature sensor T1 (Internal
temperature) is installed.
Note: the functions can be remove pressing on the proper icon.

Press the “Wave”:

The display will show the microwave program:

Step n. hh.mm.ss Watt °C

1 00:00:00 0 0.0
t E T1

Introduce the desired Time parameters:

Press in the window “00.00.00” of t.
The display will show a keyboard.
Digit in the window “00.30.00” confirm by pressing OK.
Introduce the desired Energy parameters:
Press in the window “0” of E.
The display will show a keyboard:
Digit into the window “1000”, after confirm pressing OK.

Introduce the desired internal temperature parameters.

Press in the window “0.0” of T1.
The display will show a keyboard:
Digit in the window “600”, confirm by pressing OK.

When last value is introduced, automatically another empty file is generated:

The display will show the 2° step:

Step n. hh.mm.ss Watt °C

2 00:00:00 0 0.0
t E T1

Introduce the desired Time parameters:

Press in the window “00.00.00” of t.
The display will show a keyboard.
Digit in the window “03.00.00” confirm by pressing OK.

Note : Confirming with ok, the other parameters will be updated with preceding data.

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HOW TO STORE A NEW PROGRAM WITH easyCONTROL

Press the “Floppy disk icon” as shown:

On the display will appear “Save file”:

Click into the windows of “Name” will appear the keyboard:

Digit the name, for instance, “Plastic”, confirm by pressing OK.
All method created will be saved as extension of *.mpy
It is possible cancel it clicking on the “X”.

HOW TO DELETE A PROGRAM WITH easyCONTROL

Press “Program” the display will show:

Click on the “Folder”, the display will show the library programs:

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Select the method that will be delete for instance “plastic.mpy” and Press the “X”.
The display will show a message, confirm by pressing “YES”.
Important!! : When “YES” is pressed, the method will be definitely cancelled.

HOW TO MODIFY AND STORE A PREVIOUSLY STORED PROGRAM WITH easyCONTROL

Press “Program” the display will show:

Click on the “Folder”, the display will show the library programs:

Click for instance on “plastic.mpy”, the method will be load.

Enter in “Edit” and modify the parameters of Time, Energy, Power, etc. as previously shown in the
manual.
Press the “Floppy disk icon”.

The display will show a message, confirm by pressing “YES”.

Important!! : When “YES” is pressed, the method will be definitely overwritten.

HOW TO USE A PROGRAM OF easyCONTROL

After log in, the display will show the desktop:

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Press “Program” the display will show the method:

Click on the folder, the display will show the “Load file” programs:

Select the program that have to be used, for instance “plastic.mpy” and click on the “Folder”.
Select “Wave” and the display will show the corresponding graphic:

Press “Run”. The display will show the start program:

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Press “START”, automatically after a few seconds the program will start.
Program finished:

“Floppy icon” will appear “Save file”.

Digit into the Name for instance “plastic” confirm pressing “ok” and then clicking on “Floppy icon” the
data will be atomically stored on Data of flash card with extension *dpy.

PARAMETERS CHOICE

Energy: The desired microwave power can be set in 1 Watt increments up to a maximum of
1000 Watt.

Start parameters: Beginning with first step you have to select the activated starting temperature of the
system. This is necessary to define the temperature heating profile. The start Parameter is actives when
turned from grey to yellow color.

Ventilation: Insert the ventilation time to cool down the vessels prior to water cooling

PANEL ADMINISTRATOR

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In the Administration Panel it is possible to view or modify - subject to authorization - the basic settings of the
software.The User has no access to the administration panel. All modifications in the administration panel
must be saved. Otherwise the modifications will be automatically saved when leaving the administration panel.

The administration panel includes registers:

Access: It is used for the settings of terminal and users management.

Settings: It is used to set and define the parameters of the connected instruments and sensors.

Configuration: This is used for the configuration of the MW-Unit and Interface.

ACCESS

PANEL CONTROL

Click on the “Panel Control” the display will show:

Beep: Touching the Beep icon the acoustic signal is activated or deactivated.

Date and Time: The switch from summer to winter time is not automatic.

Brightness of LCD (screen): To adjust the screen brightness to the environmental

conditions.

Serial number, Software Version, License Number: The programs of the software will
only be active if the License Number corresponds to the Software Version and Serial number of
the Terminal. The License number can be entered by Service only.

Save: Modifications of the settings are saved by touching the Save icon. Thus the settings
remain even after re-start of the terminal.

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USER MANAGEMENT

It is used to manage the access authorizations for the users.

Login-Mode: If “only password” is selected, a valid password is sufficient to log in.

New user addition: The Administrator can add additional users (with User-access
authorization). A dialog window is opened for entering User Name, Password, and access
rights.

Change password: The own password (or the password of subjected hierarchies) and the
access rights can be modified. Do not use “0” as first password character, as the “0” is
ignored.

Delete User: The Administrator can cancel users (with User access authorization).

SETTING

SYSTEM INFORMATION

The System Information is printed out together with the Report of the run and can also be edited in the
register Run.

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MAXIMUM SETTING

This page defines the maximum values of the control parameters, which are available in the program.
The settings contained in this page can only be carried out by Service

SENSOR-DATA

In this page Service defines for each Program Variant the required settings for the sensors installed in the MW
unit.

Analog Input channel: The used signal variants from T1 to QP are listed according to the analog input
channels used on the interface card. The “not available” message means no sensor is connected.
Rotor-Control: When an IR-TC-Sensor is connected to T1 or T2, the Rotor-Control function can be activated.
Maximum: Measured value at which the sensor electronics emit the output signal of 10 V.
Minimum: Measured value at which the sensor electronics emit the output signal of 0 V.

CONTROL SETTING

The settings on this page can only be carried out by Service.

Temperature and Pressure control are made according to PID algorithm:

CDx: Band width (PID-Bandwidth), Difference amount for swinging g performance of the PID-control). The
MW-Power is reduced before reaching the theoretical value to avoid that this value is exceeded (e.g. 10 °C
before theoretical value is reached the power is reduced).

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CDy: Difference vs curve (“Offset”). Optimal balance of theoretical and actual curve. An adjustment may be
required with other sensors.

CDz: The CDz value considers the temperature curve increase. The factor used in the control is 1/CDz , i.e.
small values (CDz=10) have a great influence, while big values (CDz = 1000) have a small influence.

Control from: Signal, on which the control is made. The sensor used for the control can be selected by the
user creating a Method in the page Method\Parameter.

SENSOR CHECK

The Sensor Check function is used to detect malfunctioning, not properly installed or defective temperature
sensors. If the Sensor-Check reveals that something is nor regular, the process run is interrupted and an error
message is displayed on the screen.

Checked Sensors: T1 or T2 or both Temperature Sensors, according to setting.

Max. Temperature jump sensibility: the allowed maximum Temperature jumps. Timeout and
Temperature change: during the heating phase the temperature change detected by the sensor during the
timeout must reach the minimum set value.

Recommended settings:
pyroPREP
On / Off Off
Checked sensors Leading sensor
Max. T-Jumps 100°C / s
Under 50°C:
Timeout 100 s
Temp. Change 0,0°C
Over 50°C:
Timeout 100 s
Temp. Change 0,0°C

TEST

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Energy test: This test is used to check the microwave power emission. The result depends - among other
factors – from the material and the position of the vessel and the starting temperature.
The Energy test should be carried out with water at temperature under 12°C, as water does not absorb well
microwaves at higher temperatures.

Test procedure:
• Enter the test energy in the field Test Energy.
• Enter the test time in the field Test Time. Select Test time so that water
is heated by 5 up to max. 15°C.
• Measure 1 L of cold water in a Beaker and pour it into the Test vessel.
• Enter the amount of water in the field Amount of water.
• Measure accurately the temperature with thermometer 0,1°C precision,
and introduce the test vessel inside the cavity as shown in the picture.
• Enter the Temperature in the field Start-Temperature.
• Close the door and start the Test-Program (press on Start Test).
• After running the Test-Program measures the temperature under
stirring conditions.
• Enter the measured temperature in the field End-Temperature.
• The calculated energy is now displayed.

CONFIGURATION

MICROWAVE UNIT

The settings on this page can only be carried out by Service.

You have to enter here the hardware installed in the Microwave unit. The entered Hardware can be controlled
in the control programs.

Type of device: Model of Microwave unit.

Type of power supply: Type of the power supply for the magnetron (microwave emitter).

Twist: A built-in twist card informs the terminal when the rotor/turntable has completed one 360° turn. The
active Twist-Function changes the rotation to the opposite direction, creating an alternate rotation.

Digital Outputs: One 230V- and four 12V outputs are available. If activated, the outputs can be connected
or disconnected with the steps of the running microwave programs.

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IN/OUTPUTS

The settings on this page can only be carried out by Service.

This page displays the (measured) voltage reading of each Analog input.

Purpose of this page is for Service to check the correct functioning of the terminal and of the microwave unit.
Digital Inputs: display of the status of the digital inputs/outputs.

ERROR MESSAGE AND QUESTIONS

To avoid possible user errors, for some operations the software will display a
prompt message/reconfirmation message.
In case the user makes a manipulation he is not authorized to do, or performs
operation which is not possible, a prompt message will be displayed. These
messages are confirmed pressing OK

If the software detects an error, then a window with an error message will be
displayed. Error messages are confirmed pressing Cancel.

LIST OF PROMPTS AND (ERROR) MESSAGES

The following pages describe most of the prompts/questions and error messages, ordered as follows:

LOGIN

Text Description/Remarks
You entered an invalid password. The entered password is not valid for the selected
Please enter the correct password user.
or cancel your login. Enter the correct password or cancel your login.

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The entered username does already exist. The names of the users must be different. When
Usernames cannot be entered twice. entering or modifying an user, never use a name
Please enter another name. already entered.

SENSORS, CONTROL AND TWIST

Text Description/Remarks
In your system are no sensor inputs No sensors are configured in your system. Sensor
Configured. configuration can only be carried out by Service (see
Please contact your local service partner. Chapter Sensor data).
Your system contains a sensor for The curve of a sensor is not defined or partly not
T1 measurement. Therefore the defined. This means that during run the value
Curve for T1 was checked. measured by the sensor is not checked. This can
This curve is not sufficiently defined. cause uncontrolled power emission (see also Chapter
for parameters description )
Do you really want to start the application?
The temperature sensor check detected an The Sensor-Check detected an error in temperature
Error. measurement (see Chapter Sensor check)
This message depends on the actual and theoretical
The value of T1 changed from 25.0°C to values and can therefore vary correspondingly.
100.0°C Check the temperature sensor and positioning of the
between on second and has exceeded the limit sensor (Infrared-Sensor).
of 50.0°C.
Your have not entered a value for the element You have defined no Parameter for the power control.
"Control for". You have to set these parameters in the Method
Please select on of the available sensor inputs. Program Register. (see corresponding chapter)

FILES AND DATA COLLECTION

Text Description/Remarks
You have modified the current data collection. You have not yet saved the current method. By
loading a new method the current settings of the
Do you really want to ignore these modifications microwave program will are overwritten.
and load the new data collection ?
You have modified the current data collection. You have not saved the current method. When you
If you leave this page all data will be lost. leave the page, a non-saved method will be lost.
The method can be saved in the Method register.
Do you really want to ignore these modifications
and leave this pages ?
Please enter a valid file name. Opening or saving a file you must indicate the file
name (enter the corresponding field with a valid
name).
The file already exists. If a file with the same name is already stored in
memory, it will be overwritten.
Do you want to overwrite the existing file?
Do you really want to delete this file? Security question before deleting a file. A deleted file is
definitely lost.

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MICROWAVE-PROGRAM

Text Description/Remarks
The running time of all segments is zero. You have not saved the mw program. With a new start
Please enter a valid program or select a all not saved data will be lost. The Program run can be
predefined method. saved in the Register Run.
The running time of all segments is zero. You have not defined a program. You can create a
Please enter a valid program or select a program or load it.
predefined method.
If you want to enter the start page To leave the application pages is only allowed after
first stop program execution. program stop. Stop the program run or wait until the
program ends.
You have already executed a microwave You have not yet saved the program run. If you leave
application without storing these data. If you these pages all non-saved data will be lost.
leave these pages all data will be lost. The Program run can be saved in the Register Run.
Do you really want to ignore these modifications
and leave these pages ?
You have already executed a microwave Together with the program run also the related
application without storing these data. methods and sample tables are saved. Loading a new
Do you want to ignore the recordings and load run, the current methods, sample tables and graphics
an old graphic file ? will be overwritten.
Dosing error in program An error in the dosing occurred during program run.
At least one chemical has not been injected
during the run. Please search in your protocol
for dosing points marked with "skipped" or
"failed".

MISCELLANEOUS

Text Description/Remarks
Your license number is invalid. Your license key is invalid (see Chapter Panel Control).
Please enter a correct license key Contact your local service.
or contact your next service partner
The battery which supplies the clock of your This message appears when the Lithium battery (Type
panel is empty. CR1225) is empty. The clock will automatically reset
Therefore date and time of the panel have been to 01.01.2000, 00:00:00. If you need the clock,
lost. contact your local service.
Please inform your next service partner and
adjust the
date and time of your panel
The image could not be read. Error occurred in reading a program to be installed.
Please inform your local service partner. Either the Flash Card is not readable or the program of
the type *.exe260 is damaged.
During the erase procedure a serious error During software update the terminal must be re-
occurred. Please repeat your installation and started.
inform your next service partner.

PYRO 260 User Manual Rev. 8/2010 – Page 38

 Technical Notes

MUFFLE for PYRO TECHNICAL NOTES

Complete muffle P/N 50575:

P/N Picture Description

50575A Muffle complete

The complete muffle P/N 50575 includes the following parts:

P/N Picture Description

50579 Muffle furnace

50053 Top plate

50059 Front frame

50578 Top plate (grid)

Muffle for Pyro technical notes Rev.02/2010 Page 39

 Technical Notes

50576 Muffle door

50054 Ceramic support back-left

50055 Ceramic support back-right

50056 Ceramic support front-left

50057 Ceramic support front-right

50501 Bottom plate

Muffle for Pyro technical notes Rev.02/2010 Page 40

 Technical Notes

Accessories and spare parts::

P/N Picture Description

50046 Ceramic filter for muffle

PYR0001 Heating element

PYR0055 Thermowell for temperature sensor

50101 High temperature door panel

Muffle for Pyro technical notes Rev.02/2010 Page 41

 MILESTONE

Waste disposal of electrical and electronic equipment

Complying with directive 2002/96/ec of the European Parliament and of the

Council of 27 January 2003 on waste electrical and electronic equipment
(WEEE) the separate collection environmental managed of equipment is
mandatory.
Return the used equipment to the distributor or to inquire about the presence
of a local empowered system for collection and disposal of WEEE.
The in-observance of Directive 2002/96/EC or of the local law which
acknowledge it can have potential effects on the environment and human
health.

This symbol indicates separate collection for electrical and electronic

equipment.

WASTE DISPOSAL OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

MILESTONE
Milestone Srl - via Fatebenefratelli 1/5 - 24010 Sorisole (BG) - Italy
Phone +39 035 573857 - Fax +39 035 575498
H E L P I N G
e-mail: analytical@milestonesrl.com - web: www.milestonesrl.com
C H E M I S T S