B.

PHONOLOGY

I. Choose the word whose bold part is pronounced differently from that of the others in

each group. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) on the answer sheet. (5 points)

1. A. chanteuse B. cholera C. chenille D. champagne

2. A. preparation B. preponderance C. preference D. presbytery

3. A. northern B. bathe C. thereabouts D. thiamine

4. A. drought B. sought C. wrought D. nought

5. A. resilient B. resultative C. resonant D. response

II. Pick out the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others in each

group. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) on the answer sheet. (5 points)

1. A. memorandum B. magnificent C. oxymoron D. confidential

2. A. synecdoche B. meteorite C. encomium D. community

3. A. fatigue B. humane C. iglooD. bedaub

4. A. majority B. extravagant C. legitimate D. carpetbagger

5. A. hypersensitive B. reconveyance C. preferentially D. interpretative

C. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I. Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. Write your answers (A,

B, C, or D) on the answer sheet. (10 points)

1. English is still the main __________ of instruction in Nigeria.

A. method B. resolution C. result D. medium

2. __________ its clarity of style, the book is not easy reading.

A. In allB. Of all C. In pursuance of D. For all

3. He was arrested on suspicion of driving under the __________ of alcohol.

A. power B. influence C. effect D. force

4. __________ more points to discuss, the meeting has now come to an end.

A. On account of B. Regardless of C. Not having D. There being no

5. She has lived in a __________ since 2008.

A. five-floors building B. five-floor building C. five-floor buildings D. five-floors buildings

6. He was still under his father’s __________.

A. finger B. hand C. thumb D. fingertip

7. She had to take out a bridging __________ until she could sell her house.

A. loan B. finance C. capital D. debt

8. Very little was said about his failure, __________?

A. wasn’t it B. was it C. was there D. wasn’t he

9. If you’re on a diet, you should __________ honey for sugar in your tea.

A. change B. substitute C. replace D. convert

10. “Why don’t you invite Paula to come with us?” – “__________.”

A. No idea B. There’s an idea C. Not idea D. Negative idea

11. They said they could order it for me because they didn’t have my size in __________.

A. shopB. hold C. store D. stock

12. – “When will you be informed of the test result?” – “Not until Monday, so I’ll be __________

all weekend”.

A. at needles and pins B. on pins and needles

C. on needles and pinsD. at pins and needles

13. Susan was alone in the house when the fire __________.
A. broke in B. broke out C. broke off D. broke up

14. I can’t possibly lend you any money. It is quite out of the __________.

A. order B. question C. practice D. place

15. I didn’t think he’d __________ such a pathetic lie, but he believed every word of it.

A. take up B. fall out C. take in D. fall for

16. Before you send them any money, make sure the company really exists, or the whole thing

could be a __________.

A. deceit B. lack C. joke D. con

17. – “Look, we’re doing our best to fix it.” – “Well, you could have __________ me.”

A. lied B. fooled C. tricked D. cheated

18. I wouldn’t say he was brilliant at his job, but he’s quite __________.

A. cautious B. waryC. effective D. competent

Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in the following sentence.

19. Don’t beat around the bush. Ask for your account to be paid, and paid quickly.

A. cut to the chase B. hold a depute on C. cut a deal D. do battle

Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in the following sentence.

20. He said he was only joking, but his comments were so close to the bone.

A. annoying B. offensive C. personal D. respectful

II. Give the correct form of the words in brackets. Write your answers on the answer sheet.

(5 points)

1. I can’t see why the board of leaders keep (COMMIT) __________ over the debate about

whether or not to dismiss the current coach.

2. I hate admitting defeat but in this case the opposition is (REFUTE) __________ correct.
3. When he was still unmarried ten years ago, he was (FEET) __________ and fancy-free.

4. The venom of many snakes, especially cobras, acts as a (HALLUCINATE) __________,

producing ecstatic visions.

5. A circle is a shape on which all the points are (DISTANCE) __________ from a fixed central

point.

6. He stood at the door to make sure that no one (GATE) __________ the party.

7. It’s (CHARACTER) __________ of him to lose his temper like that – he’s usually very calm.

8. He (KNOW) __________ that he had been at fault.

9. She’s in the (ENVIOUS) __________ position of being able to choose who she works for.

10. He was (CEREMONY) __________ removed from the list of members for gross misconduct.

III. Fill each gap in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or an adverb

particle. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (10 points)

1. I would like to apply __________ the position of sales clerk that you advised __________ the

Sunday newspaper.

2. The clerk __________ that counter said those purses were __________ sale.

3. __________ 35% we can see that the electronics and appliance sector accounted

__________ the majority of online sales in 2005.

4. He isn’t independent __________ any means. He depends on his father __________

everything.

5. Someone broke __________ the shop and made __________ with several TVs and videos.

6. She advised me __________ taking public transport __________ rush hours.

7. Brian was __________ pressure from his boss to finish the project __________ the deadline.

8. Your promotion definitely calls __________ a celebration; let’s go __________ a nice

restaurant tonight and have a bottle of champagne.

9. Since he had waited __________ line for hours to buy his ticket, Brian was __________ the

first to see the new “Star Wars” movie.

10. It was obvious __________ the expression on his face that Mike was quite surprised

__________ the result of his exam.

IV. Give the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets. Write your answers on the

answer sheet. (5 points)

1. I suppose when you (return) __________ next year, all these old buildings (pull) __________

down.

2. If he (not drink) __________ so much last night, he (not be) __________ so tired now.

3. The building (guard) __________ at the moment by the police to prevent it from (enter)

__________.

4. I meant (buy) __________ an evening paper but I didn’t see anyone (sell) __________ them.

5. He (leave) __________ us 3 hours ago. By now he must (be) __________ at home.

V. Point out one of the underlined parts in each sentence that is not correct and get it right. Write

A, B, C, or D and your corrections on the answer sheet. Number 0 is an example. (5 points)

0. She (A) hardly never goes to (B) the supermarket (C) without buying (D) some bread and

cheese.

1. (A) By the 1960s, it (B) was becoming more (C) acceptance for women (D) to work in

management.

2. (A) Pay particular (B) attention (C) to the warnings (D) printing on the label.

3. I looked (A) at her and (B) felt a (C) piece of (D) hope.

4. Mohandas K. Gandhi, who (A) was called Mahatma, lived a noble life of fasting and (B) poor in

order to work for (C) peace and (D) independence.

5. Before the (A) invention of (B) railroads, the only (C) mean of land transportation was (D) the

horse.

D. READING COMPREHENSION

I. Read the passage and choose the correct answer to each question. Write your answers

(A, B, C, or D) on the answer sheet. (10 points)

These stories of killer bees in the news in recent years have attracted a lot of attention as the

bees have made their way from South America to North America. Killer bees are reputed to be

extremely aggressive in nature, although experts say that their aggression may have been

somewhat inflated.

The killer bee is a hybrid- or combination- of the very mild European strain of honeybee and the

considerably more aggressive African bee, which was created when the African strain was

imported into Brazil in 1955. The African bees were brought into Brazil because their aggression

was considered an advantage: they were far more productive than their European counterparts

in that they spent a higher percentage of their time working and continued working longer in

inclement weather than did the European bees.

These killer bees have been known to attack humans and animals, and some fatalities have

occurred. Experts point out, however, that the mixed breed known as the killer bee is actually not

at all as aggressive as the pure African bee. They also point out that the attacks have a chemical

cause. A killer bee stings only when it has been disturbed; it is not aggressive by nature.

However, after a disturbed bee stings and flies away; it leaves its stinger embedded in the victim.

In the viscera attached to the embedded stinger is the chemical isoamyl acetate, which has an

odor that attracts other bees. As other bees approach the victim of the original sting, the victim

tends to panic, thus disturbing other bees and causing them to sting. The new stings create more

of the chemical isoamyl acetate which attracts more bees and increases the panic level of the

victim. Killer bees tend to travel in large clusters or swarms and thus respond in large numbers to

the production of isoamyl acetate.

1. The subject of the paragraph before paragraph 1 was mostly likely __________.
A. the creation of the killer bee B. the chemical nature of killer bees’ attacks

C. stories in the media about killer bees D. ways of producing honey

2. The word “inflated” in paragraph 1 means __________.

A. aired B. exaggeratedC. blown D. burst

3. Why were African bees considered beneficial?

A. They spent their time traveling.

B. They were productive, even in inclement weather.

C. They produced an unusual type of honey.

D. They didn’t work hard in inclement weather.

4. The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to __________.

A. the European bees’ B. the African bees’

C. the killer bees’ D. the honey bees’

5. It is stated in the passage that killer bees __________.

A. are less aggressive than African bees B. never attacks animals

C. are more deadly than African bees D. always attack African bees

6. The pronoun “They” in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

A. humans and animals B. facilities C. experts D. killer bees

7. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage as a contributing factor in an attack by killer bees?

A. Panic by the victims B. The odor of isoamyl acetate

C. Disturbance of the bees D. Inclement weather

8. In which paragraph does the author describe the size of the groups in which killer bees move?

A. Paragraph 3 B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 2 and 3 D. Paragraph 1

9. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of killer bees?

A. attack humans and animals

B. are aggressive by nature

C. travel in large clusters

D. are a combination of the European honeybees and the African bees

10. The main idea of this passage is that killer bees __________.

A. are not purebred

B. have been moving unexpectedly

C. have been in the news a lot recently

D. are not as aggressive as their reputation suggests

II. Read the passage and choose the correct word for each blank. Write your answers (A,

B, C, or D) on the answer sheet. (5 points)

Every ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant, or insect dies (1) __________ forever. If nothing is

done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) __________ twenty

years from now.

The seas are in (3) __________. They are being filled with poison: industrial and nuclear (4)

__________, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, sewage. The Mediterranean is already nearly

dead; the North Sea is following. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to

live in the seas.

The tropical rainforests, which are the (5) __________ of half the earth’s living things (including

many rare animals and plants), are being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have

nearly disappeared in twenty years. The (6) __________ on the world’s climate – and on our

agriculture and food supplies – will be disastrous.

Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the World Wildlife Fund was

(7) __________ – a small group of people who wanted to raise money to save animals and

plants from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large international organization. It has

raised over £35 million for conservation projects, and has created or given (8) __________ to

National Parks in five continents. It has helped malnourished families, and even the tiger – to (9)

__________. Perhaps this is not much, but it is a start. If more people give more money and if

more governments wake up to what is happening, perhaps the World Wildlife Fund will be able to

help us to avoid the disaster that (10) __________ the natural world, and all of us with it.

1. A. off B. on C. out D. over

2. A. extinguishedB. extinct C. distinct D. invalid

3. A. danger B. death C. debt D. despair

4. A. waste B. rubbish C. essence D. mixture

5. A. container B. origin C. house D. home

6. A. result B. impression C. effect D. motivation

7. A. founded B. found C. funded D. fixed

8. A. defense B. support C. preservationD. rescue

9. A. continue B. endure C. prolong D. survive

10. A. occurs B. pollutes C. threatens D. suffers

III. Fill each blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on

the answer sheet. (10 points)

The biologist’s (1) __________ in society as well as his moral and ethical responsibility in the

discovery and development of new ideas has (2) __________ to a reassessment of his social

and scientific value systems. A scientist can no (3) __________ ignore the consequences of his

discoveries; he is as concerned with the possible misuses of his findings as he is with the basic

research in which he is (4) __________. This emerging social and political role of the biologist
and all other scientists requires a weighing of values that cannot be done with the accuracy or

the objectivity of the laboratory balance. As a member of society, it is necessary for a biologist

now to redefine his social obligations and his functions, (5) __________ in the realm of making

judgments about ethical problems as man’s control of his environment or his manipulation of (6)

__________ to direct further evolutionary development.

As a result of recent discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms, genetic engineering, by

which human traits are made to order, may soon be a reality. As desirable as it may seem to be,

such an accomplishment would entail many value judgments. Who would decide, for example,

which traits should be selected for change? In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the

desirability of the change is obvious, (7) __________ the possibilities for social misuse are so

numerous that they may far outweigh the benefits.

Probably the greatest biological problem of the future, as it is of the present, will be to find ways

to curb environmental pollution without interfering with man’s constant effort to (8) __________

the quality of his life. Many scientists believe that underlying the spectre of pollution is the

problem of surplus human population. A rise in population necessitates an increase in the

operations of modern industry, the waste products of which increase the pollution of air, water,

and soil. The question of how many people the resources of the Earth can support is of critical

importance.

Although the solutions to these and many other problems are yet to be (9) __________, they do

indicate the need for biologists to work with social scientists and other members of society in (10)

__________ to determine the requirements necessary for maintaining a healthy and productive

planet. For although many of man’s present and future problems may seem to be essentially

social, political, or economic in nature, they have biological ramifications that could affect the

very existence of life itself.

E. WRITING

I. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means the same as the original one.

Write your answers on the answer sheet. (10 points)

1. Although the fish appears to be harmless, it is quite dangerous.

=> Contrary

_____________________________________________________________________________

2. He got down to writing a letter as soon as he returned from his work.

=> No

_____________________________________________________________________________

3. It was wrong of you to allow a four-year-old child to walk home alone.

=> You should

____________________________________________________________________________

4. “OK. It’s my mistake. I’m sorry,” Peter said.

=> Peter admitted

_________________________________________________________________________

5. I am not a solitary person, I’m sociable.

=> Rather

_____________________________________________________________________________

6. It was more of a business arrangement than a marriage.

=> It was not

_____________________________________________________________________________

7. I could hold a big party due to my mom’s help.

=> Had it

_____________________________________________________________________________

8. Sally showed absolutely no fear when climbing the wall.

=> Sally showed a total

_____________________________________________________________________
9. He is so ambitious – he’s determined that he’ll be successful in the company.

=> He is determined to make his

______________________________________________________________

10. I didn’t notice I had left my umbrella on the bus until it started to rain.

=>It was not until

__________________________________________________________________________

II. Rewrite each sentence in such a way that it means the same as the original one, using

the word in the bracket at the end of each sentence. Do not change this word in any way.

Write your answers on the answer sheet. (5 points)

1. John was shocked to hear that he had failed his driving test. (CAME)

2. The public reaction to the design of the new theater turned out to be bitterly critical. (TEETH)

3. The warmth of her welcome surprised me. (ABACK)

4. I don’t mind staying in on a Saturday night if I have good company. (AVERSE)

5. We were surprised to see that he got mad at our decision. (RED)

———- THE END ———-