1
Indian Society – Mains Question 10
1. Discuss the constitutional and legal measures to combat untouchability and caste-based discrimination.
(10 Marks, 150 Words)
How to Approach the Question:
Introduction: Briefly describe the untouchability, and caste-based discrimination within 20-30 words.
Body: Discuss the constitutional and legal measures to combat untouchability and caste-based
discrimination within 80-90 words.
Conclusion: Conclude by addressing the importance of constitutional and legal measures to combat
untouchability and caste-based discrimination within 20-30 words.
Answer:
India, deeply rooted in historical traditions. The Indian Constitution and subsequent legal measures have
aimed to eradicate these practices, ensuring equality and dignity for all citizens.
Constitutional Measures: The Constitution of India, through Articles 14, 15, 16, and 17, provides a strong
framework for combating untouchability:
Article 14: Guarantees equality before the law, ensuring no discrimination in legal protection or
treatment for individuals.
Article 15: Prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or birthplace, promoting
equality and non-discriminatory practices.
Article 16: Ensures equal opportunities in public employment, preventing discrimination in
recruitment or employment based on caste or other factors.
Article 17: Abolishes untouchability, declaring it illegal and making any act of discrimination based on
caste punishable by law.
Legal Measures:
The Untouchability Offenses Act (1955) and the Protection of Civil Rights Act (1976) criminalize the
practice of untouchability and caste-based discrimination.
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (1989) provides stringent
measures to protect Dalits and tribals from discrimination, violence, and social injustices, ensuring severe
penalties for violators.
Reservation System: The Indian government has implemented affirmative action policies like
reservations in education, employment, and legislatures to uplift Dalits and other marginalized groups,
promoting social inclusion.
Despite these constitutional and legal provisions, caste-based discrimination and untouchability still persist in
various forms. Continuous legal enforcement, societal awareness, and inclusive development are vital to
eradicating these deeply ingrained social evils.
