MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SCIENCE (UE23ME131A)
Srinivasa Prasad K S
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
Unit4
Srinivasa Prasad K S
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
Chapter 2 – Automation, Robotics,
Control Systems and Industry 4.0
Srinivasa Prasad K S
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
INDUSTRY 4.0
Industry 4.0 has been defined as “a name for the current trend of automation and data exchange in
manufacturing technologies, including cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things, cloud computing
and cognitive computing and creating the smart factory”.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
INDUSTRY 4.0
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
INDUSTRY 4.0
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
IIoT can be described as an interconnection of a large number
of industrial processes and systems, which communicate and
coordinate among themselves.
The real time data collected from sensor nodes are stored,
processed, and analysed to improve the performance and
efficiency of the overall system.
As shown in the figure, the sensor nodes deployed at various
industrial locations sense and transmit data to the server. The
real time processing and complex analysis of the data help to
optimize various industrial processes such as predictive
maintenance of machines, inventory management and
packaging of finished products.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
INDUSTRY 4.0
Applications of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
1) Smart healthcare – Sensor nodes sense and transmit the
physiological data of the patient to the local processing unit.
Further, the LPU transmits the data to the local server. Medical
experts can remotely observe the health conditions of the patient.
2) Smart supply chain - Proper maintenance of the raw materials,
available inventory stock, details of each steps involved in the
production process, proper flow of information among various
stages , maintaining the time window for delivery of goods, and
returning the faulty goods.
3) Smart transportation – The sensor nodes placed on the vehicles
and road side units (RSU) sense and transmit data to the local
server. Various real time info such as safe speed, safe distance
with the neighboring vehicles, and weather conditions are
conveyed to the drivers. (ITS and ADAS)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
INDUSTRY 4.0
Applications of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
4) Smart manufacturing system – These improve the efficiency of
production and product quality, reduce the per unit cost of production
and enhance the life time of machines and developed products.
e.g., Automatic packaging of a production in a manufacturing plant
with minimum human intervention.
5) AR and VR applications – Augmented reality and virtual reality
have widespread applications in the optimization satges of
manufacturing industries, inventory management in warehouses,
training of personnel in military, healthcare, and assembly line
operations.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
INDUSTRY 4.0
Additive manufacturing
‘Additive manufacturing fabricates parts by building them up layer-by-layer, as
opposed to cutting material away or molding it’.
Additive manufacturing can also be viewed as a way to turn a digital model (of the
object to be constructed) into a physical one since it starts as a (3D) software design.
Additive manufacturing doesn’t replace other manufacturing methods (at least not
for many years to come) but leads to a wealth of new opportunities. Moreover, some
objects would be almost impossible to make without additive manufacturing.
Additive manufacturing and 3D printing are used in multiple domains
(healthcare, the construction industry, defense, retail, pharma, automotive
industry, aerospace, making parts in close to any area you can imagine, including
human tissue and food, smart manufacturing). They are also the subject of
intensive research and development (methods, materials, new techniques,
application areas, etc.).
