11 Blessy collects some information about gravity on different planets in the Solar System.
(a) What is gravity?
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(b) Look at the information Blessy collects.
relative mass relative gravity
planet
(Earth = 1) (Earth = 1)
Mercury 0.06 0.4
Mars 0.1 0.4
Venus 0.8 0.9
Earth 1 1.0
Uranus 15 0.9
Neptune 17 1.1
Saturn 95 0.9
Jupiter 318 2.4
(i) Write down the name of the planet that has the greatest gravity.
[1]
(ii) Write down a conclusion about the relationship between mass of planet and gravity.
Include information from the table in your answer.
[2]
© UCLES 2023 3144_01
8 The Earth and the Moon are held in orbit in the Solar System.
(a) Name the force that holds the Earth in orbit around the Sun.
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(b) Tidal forces occur on Earth because of the positions of the Sun, Earth and Moon.
Look at diagrams A, B, C and D showing four different positions of the Sun, Earth and Moon.
Sun Earth Moon Sun
Earth
Moon
A B
Moon
Sun Moon Earth Sun
Earth
C D
NOT TO SCALE
Which diagram shows the positions of the Sun, Earth and Moon that gives the greatest tidal
force?
Explain your answer.
diagram
explanation
[2]
(c) Look at the diagram showing the Moon orbiting the Earth and light rays from the Sun.
A
B
Earth
Sun X C
Moon’s orbit
Moon
NOT TO SCALE
A person stands at point X on the Earth.
At which position on the Moon’s orbit would the person see a total lunar eclipse?
Circle the correct position.
A B C D
Explain your answer.
[2]
