Hayelemaryam mamo preparatory school HPE assignment on the title of doping

[Year]
Submitted to
MEMEHERE:- TESFAYE
28/10/2024

Name

1. HANA ABERE
2. BREKET TEKELMARIYAM
3. TSION DEMESEW
4. ABERHAM
5. BYZA AMARE
6. MERI KENFE
7. YOHANES TEBEBU
8. ELASHADAY AYELE
9.TSEGENET BELACHEW
10.
Acknowledgement // Dedication

We are very grateful to our advisor awoke reta for guiding our assignment.
Especially we would like to thank him for the advice he gave me and the excellent
and invaluable support he provided during the course of preparing this case our
assignment.

Englise assignment on doping Page 1

Content

1. Acknowledgement----------------------------------------------------------------- 1
2. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
3. Basic rule of anti-doping--------------------------------------------------------- 3
4. Ethiopian national anti-doping ---------------------------------------------------- 5
5. Doping control procedure-------------------------------------------------------- 6
6. Doping central station------------------------------------------------------------ 7
7. Consequence of doping---------------------------------------------------------- 8

Englise assignment on doping Page 2

 Introduction

"Doping" refers to the use of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) or methods by

athletes to improve their athletic performance. These substances or techniques are
typically banned in sports because they provide an unfair advantage, may harm the
athlete's health, and go against the principles of fair competition.

Common types of doping substances and methods include:

1. Anabolic Steroids: Synthetic versions of testosterone, used to increase

muscle mass and strength.
2. Stimulants: Drugs like amphetamines or caffeine in high doses, which
increase alertness, energy, and endurance.
3. Blood Doping: A method where athletes increase the number of red blood
cells in their bloodstream, often through blood transfusions or substances
like erythropoietin (EPO), which boosts oxygen delivery to muscles and
improves endurance.
4. Hormones: Substances like human growth hormone (HGH) or insulin,
which can aid in muscle recovery, strength, and stamina.
5. Diuretics and Masking Agents: Used to alter urine samples or dilute other
substances in the body, making it harder to detect other doping agents in
drug tests.

Anti-doping agencies, such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), work to

detect and prevent doping through testing and strict regulations. Athletes caught
doping face penalties, including suspensions, fines, and loss of titles or records.

1. Basic rule of anti-doping

The basic rule of anti-doping is to ensure that all athletes compete fairly,
without the use of substances or methods that could enhance performance or
give an unfair advantage. This rule is enforced by strict guidelines and
testing procedures designed to protect the integrity of sports and the health
of athletes.

Here are the core principles of the basic anti-doping rule:

1. Prohibition of Banned Substances and Methods

The Prohibited List: The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) publishes an
annual list of prohibited substances and methods that athletes cannot use.
Englise assignment on doping Page 3
 This list includes categories like anabolic agents, stimulants, hormone
modulators, and methods like blood doping.
Strict Liability: Athletes are responsible for any banned substances found in
their bodies, regardless of intent. Even accidental ingestion of a banned
substance is considered a violation.
2. Testing and Monitoring
In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing: Athletes are subject to
random testing during competitions and in training to prevent the use of
performance-enhancing drugs at any time.
Sample Collection and Analysis: Samples (often urine or blood) are
collected and analyzed for banned substances, with rigorous procedures to
ensure accuracy and prevent tampering.
3. Fairness and Integrity in Sports
Level Playing Field: Anti-doping rules aim to create a fair competition
environment where victories result from skill, training, and dedication,
rather than from artificial enhancements.
Preserving Health and Safety: These rules also protect athletes from the
health risks associated with doping, which can have harmful and lasting
effects.
4. Education and Awareness
Anti-Doping Education Programs: Athletes, coaches, and medical staff are
educated about the dangers and consequences of doping, and they are
encouraged to commit to clean and fair competition.
Informed Responsibility: Athletes are expected to know and understand anti-
doping rules, including the responsibility to avoid prohibited substances and
methods.
5. Sanctions for Violations
Consequences for Non-Compliance: Any athlete who violates anti-doping
rules faces sanctions, which can range from warnings to lifetime bans,
depending on the severity and frequency of the offense.
Team and Support Accountability: Coaches, trainers, and medical
professionals who assist or encourage doping can also face penalties.
By upholding these principles, anti-doping rules strive to maintain the
integrity, fairness, and health of sports and its athletes.

Englise assignment on doping Page 4

 2. Ethiopian national anti-doping

The Ethiopian National Anti-Doping Organization (ETH-NADO) is responsible

for overseeing and implementing anti-doping regulations in Ethiopia. As an official
body, it is part of the worldwide anti-doping network coordinated by the World
Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), working to maintain clean and fair sports practices
in Ethiopia.

The ETH-NADO's core activities include:

Drug Testing and Monitoring: Conducting regular testing of athletes both in and
out of competition to ensure compliance with anti-doping regulations. These tests
look for prohibited substances and methods listed by WADA.

Education and Outreach: Educating athletes, coaches, and other sports personnel
on the dangers of doping and the importance of clean sport. This includes
awareness programs, workshops, and seminars on prohibited substances and
methods.

Enforcement and Sanctions: Enforcing anti-doping rules by issuing sanctions and

penalties to athletes found in violation. This may include suspensions, fines, or
disqualification from competitions.

Research and Policy Development: Conducting research related to doping trends

and working on policy development to address evolving challenges in doping
prevention.

Collaboration with Other Organizations: Collaborating with WADA, international

sports federations, and regional anti-doping agencies to align Ethiopia’s anti-
doping efforts with international standards.

Through these activities, ETH-NADO aims to promote clean sports in Ethiopia and
protect athletes' health and integrity.

3. Doping control procedure

Doping control is a rigorous process used to detect and deter the use of
prohibited substances and methods in sports. The procedure is designed to

Englise assignment on doping Page 5

 ensure a fair competition and protect athletes' health. Here’s an overview of
the standard doping control procedure:

1. Notification of Selection
An athlete is notified by a Doping Control Officer (DCO) or Chaperone that
they have been selected for doping control.
The notification includes information on the type of test (in-competition or
out-of-competition) and provides details on the testing process.
The athlete must report to the Doping Control Station immediately or within
a specified time.
2. Verification of Athlete's Identity
The DCO verifies the athlete's identity using identification documents (e.g.,
passport or athlete accreditation).
This ensures that the test is conducted on the correct individual.
3. Selection of Sample Collection Equipment
The athlete selects sealed sample collection kits to avoid tampering.
The DCO ensures that all equipment is sterile, intact, and secure.
4. Provision of Sample
The athlete provides a urine or blood sample under supervision to ensure
authenticity.
For urine samples, direct observation is typically required to avoid
substitution or manipulation.
Blood samples are collected by a trained phlebotomist under sterile
conditions.
5. Splitting and Sealing of Samples
The sample is divided into an “A” and a “B” sample and sealed in separate
containers.
The A sample is tested, and the B sample is stored securely to confirm
results if the A sample is positive.
6. Completion of Doping Control Form
The athlete completes a form listing any medications or supplements taken
recently.
The athlete, DCO, and witness sign the form to confirm that the process was
conducted according to regulations.
7. Laboratory Analysis
Englise assignment on doping Page 6
 The samples are sent to a WADA-accredited lab for analysis.
The A sample is tested for banned substances, while the B sample is only
tested if the A sample result is positive.
8. Results Management
If a sample tests negative, the athlete is cleared.
A positive result initiates a review process, and the athlete may request
testing of the B sample for verification.
Sanctions may follow a confirmed positive result, including suspensions or
disqualifications.
9. Rights of the Athlete
The athlete has the right to request a representative and translator if needed.
The athlete can be accompanied by a coach or support person during the
process.
Athletes may appeal positive test results and are entitled to fair treatment
throughout the process.
This standardized procedure, set by the World Anti-Doping Agency
(WADA), aims to maintain integrity in sports by ensuring that testing is fair,
transparent, and consistent worldwide.

4. Doping control station

In sports and athletics, a "Doping Control Station" (DCS) is a designated
area where athletes undergo drug testing to ensure compliance with anti-
doping regulations. Typically, this station is set up at major sporting events,
training facilities, or competitions and is designed to be a private, secure,
and monitored environment.

Here's a breakdown of what typically occurs at a Doping Control Station:

Notification: Athletes are notified that they’ve been selected for testing, which may
be at random, as part of routine testing, or because of outstanding performance.

Arrival and Identification: Athletes arrive at the Doping Control Station and
provide proof of identity.

Englise assignment on doping Page 7

 Selection of Test: Athletes may undergo a urine test, blood test, or both. In
some cases, other biological samples are taken.

Sample Collection: In a controlled environment, athletes provide their

samples under the supervision of authorized personnel to prevent tampering
or substitution.

Documentation and Sample Handling: The samples are labeled,

documented, and sealed in tamper-evident containers to be securely
transported to a laboratory for testing.

Results and Consequences: If a sample is found to contain banned

substances, sanctions such as suspension, fines, or disqualification may
follow, depending on the sports organization’s regulations.

This process helps maintain the integrity of competitive sports by ensuring

athletes are competing fairly and discouraging performance-enhancing drug
use.
5. Consequence of doping

The consequences of doping in sports and other competitive fields are wide-
ranging, affecting not only the individual athlete but also their team, the integrity
of the sport, and sometimes even the health of the athlete. Here are some key
consequences of doping:

1. Health Risks

 Physical Side Effects: Performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) such as

anabolic steroids, stimulants, and erythropoietin can cause a range of serious
health issues. These may include liver and kidney damage, cardiovascular
problems, hormonal imbalances, weakened immune systems, and mental
health issues like depression or aggression.
 Long-Term Health Risks: Chronic use of PEDs can lead to irreversible
health problems like heart disease, infertility, and certain types of cancer.

2. Legal and Professional Consequences

Englise assignment on doping Page 8

  Suspensions and Bans: Athletes caught doping are often suspended or
banned from competitions, impacting their career, earnings, and reputation.
 Loss of Titles and Awards: If doping is discovered after an event, the
athlete may be stripped of medals, titles, and records. This can impact not
only their legacy but also affect sponsors and endorsements.
 Criminal Charges: In some jurisdictions, using or distributing banned
substances is illegal and can lead to legal action, fines, or imprisonment.

3. Ethical and Moral Consequences

 Damage to Reputation: Athletes caught doping often face social and

professional stigmatization. Public opinion can turn harshly against them,
affecting their future career and reputation.
 Breach of Sportsmanship: Doping is considered cheating, undermining the
values of fair play and respect in sports. It can alienate athletes from fans,
teams, and other competitors.

4. Impact on Team and Sponsors

 Team Penalties: If a member of a team is caught doping, it can lead to

penalties or disqualification for the entire team, damaging the team’s
reputation.
 Loss of Sponsorship: Sponsors may sever ties with athletes who are
involved in doping scandals, resulting in financial losses and limiting future
opportunities.

5. Negative Impact on the Integrity of the Sport

 Loss of Public Trust: Doping scandals reduce public trust in the fairness
and integrity of competitive sports, potentially reducing fan interest and
damaging the sport’s popularity.
 Influence on Young Athletes: Doping can send the wrong message to
aspiring athletes who look up to professionals as role models, encouraging
unhealthy practices and undermining the values of sportsmanship and fair
play.

Doping can thus have severe and lasting consequences for athletes and the broader
sporting community, highlighting the need for strict enforcement of anti-doping
regulations.

Englise assignment on doping Page 9