© 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 4 April 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.

ORG

BLUE
TOOTH-CONTROLLED HOME AUTOMATION USING ARDUINO
1 Parv Khare (Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi UP, India.)

2 Shivam Mishra (Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi UP, India.)

3 Gangacharan (Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi UP, India.)

4 Anshul Singh (Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi UP, India.)

5 Amit Kumar (Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi UP, India.)

ABSTRACT The basic objective of this research is to design and

implement a reliable and user-friendly Bluetooth-
Nowadays Everyone wants to handle any device or controlled home automation system using Arduino. The
machine simply and effectively. The Bluetooth- system's hardware and software components will be
controlled home automation system using Arduino is a discussed in detail, along with the methodology used for
smart and efficient way to control home appliances system development.
remotely. This project utilizes a Bluetooth Module (HC-
05) and an Arduino UNO to control various home This research aims to advance the field of home
appliances such as gates, lights, fans, and many other automation by creating a cost-effective and user-friendly
electrical devices wirelessly through a smartphone or solution. Leveraging Arduino and Bluetooth technology,
any other device. The Android application developed for the proposed system ensures efficiency. It has the
this system allows users to pair their smartphones with potential to improve the comfort, convenience, and
the Bluetooth module and control the connected devices energy efficiency of modern homes, appealing to
with ease. Bluetooth-controlled Home Automation homeowners, builders, and technology enthusiasts alike.
system enables users to operate home appliances from a
distance, providing convenience and energy efficiency.
This project is a cost-effective, user-friendly, and SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
customizable solution for home automation, this project
is enhancing the comfort and convenience of modern The Bluetooth-controlled home automation system
living. comprises both hardware and software components,
working together to provide seamless control over
Keywords: Arduino, Home automation, Wireless, various home devices.
Bluetooth, Smartphone.

2.1. Hardware Components:

INTRODUCTION
The system is composed of various hardware
In recent years, the concept of Bluetooth-controlled components, including:
home automation has gained significant traction due to
the growing demand for smart and efficient living 2.1.1. Arduino Uno:
solutions and the advancement of technology. Bluetooth
The Arduino Uno board stands out as a cornerstone in
Bluetooth-controlled home automation systems enable
electronics and embedded systems projects. Central to
users to control various household appliances and
its functionality is the ATmega328P microcontroller,
devices remotely, providing energy efficiency,
clocked at 16MHz. With 14 digital input/output pins,
convenience, and enhanced security. Among the various
including 6 PWM outputs, and an additional 6 Analog
technologies used for home automation, Bluetooth
input pins, it offers extensive versatility for project
communication stands out as a popular and cost-
development and experimentation.
effective solution due to its widespread availability and
ease of implementation.

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Operating at 5V, it can accept voltages between 7V and Figure 2(b): Relay Module
20V, making it adaptable to various power sources. With
its USB interface for programming and serial 2.1.3. Bluetooth Module (HC-05):
communication, barrel jack for power supply, and ICSP The HC-05 Bluetooth module is an incredibly versatile
header for in-circuit programming, the Arduino Uno is component widely employed in electronic projects. It
versatile and easy to use. Programmable using the facilitates seamless wireless communication between
Arduino IDE, the Uno board is open-source hardware, microcontrollers and various devices. Operating in both
allowing for modifications and customizations. It is master and slave modes, this module supports serial
widely used in prototyping, experimentation, and the UART communication, simplifying its integration with
development of various electronic projects, including microcontroller platforms such as Arduino. With its
home automation systems, robotics, and IoT devices. wide operating voltage range, compact form factor, and
Figure 3(a) of the Arduino UNO board is given below. support for an AT command set, the HC-05 module is
ideal for applications requiring wireless data
transmission, remote control systems, and Bluetooth-
based home automation projects. Its ability to establish
reliable connections over short distances, typically up to
10 meters, makes it a popular choice for a wide range of
wireless communication needs in electronics projects.

Figure 3(c) of the Bluetooth Module HC-05 is given

below.

Figure 3(a): Arduino Uno Board

2.1.2. Relay Module:

A relay module is a crucial component in electronic

circuits, facilitating the control of high-power devices
using low-power signals. Comprising one or more
relays, a driver circuit, and input/output pins, the module
acts as an interface between the low-power control
signals from microcontrollers and the high-power
devices. The relay, an electromechanical switch, can
Figure 3(c): Bluetooth Module (HC-05)
open or close its contacts in response to an electrical
signal, allowing or interrupting the flow of current in the
high-power circuit. Typically available in various
configurations, such as single-channel or multi-channel, 2.2. Hardware Components:
relay modules are widely used in applications such as 2.2.1. Arduino IDE:
home automation, robotics, and industrial automation,
providing efficient and reliable control over a wide The Arduino Integrated Development Environment
range of electrical devices and systems. (IDE) serves as the primary platform for writing,
compiling, and uploading code to the Arduino board.
Figure 3(b) of the 5v Relay Module is given below. Utilizing Arduino Sketch, a simplified version of the
C++ programming language, the IDE provides an
intuitive interface for programming the Arduino
microcontroller.

In the Arduino IDE code provided below, a state variable

is utilized to store the value of the received byte. This
value is then compared with different conditions to
perform specific operations, such as turning the light ON
and OFF.

char state = '0';

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(3, OUTPUT);

}
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void loop() { connected to the Arduino's Rx and Tx pins, facilitating

data exchange with the microcontroller.
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
The Arduino reads this data and sends it to the relay
state = Serial.read(); drivers, which act as switches for controlling home
if (state == '1') { appliances. The relay modules are connected to the
Arduino's digital output pins, allowing the
digitalWrite(3, HIGH); microcontroller to control them. By uploading specific
programs to the Arduino, it performs necessary
Serial.println("Light is ON");
mathematical and logical operations, enabling precise
} else if (state == '0') { control of the relay drivers based on user commands
received via Bluetooth as you can see the Figure3(a)
digitalWrite(13, LOW); below.
Serial.println("Light is OFF");

The code above demonstrates how to control a light

using Bluetooth communication. When the Arduino
receives the byte '1' via Bluetooth, it turns the light ON.
Conversely, when it receives the byte '0', it turns the light
OFF.
Figure 3(a): Connection Diagram
2.2.2. Bluetooth Communication Protocols:
The connection of the diagram is as follows:
Bluetooth communication protocols are vital for
establishing a secure and reliable connection between 3.1. Bluetooth Module (HC-05) to Arduino:
the Arduino board and the smartphone. In this system,
we utilize a Bluetooth Serial Port Profile (SPP) for 1. Connect the Tx and Rx pins of HC-05 to the Rx
communication. The SPP enables a transparent serial and Tx pins of the Arduino Board respectively.
data connection between devices, facilitating seamless 2. Connect the VCC and GND pins of HC-05 to the
communication. Once the smartphone is paired with the 5v and GND pins of the Arduino board
Bluetooth module (HC-05/HC-06) connected to the respectively.
Arduino board, a trusted connection is established.
3.2. Relay Module to Arduino Board:
The smartphone sends commands to the Arduino board
via Bluetooth, which are then received by the Bluetooth 1. Connect the VCC and GND pins of the relay
module and forwarded to the Arduino board for module to the 5v and GND pins of the Arduino
processing. The Arduino board processes the received Board.
commands and controls the connected appliances
2. Connect the pin IN of the relay module to pin 3 of
accordingly. For example, if the command received is
the Arduino board.
'1', the Arduino board turns the light ON, and if the
command is '0', it turns the light OFF. Additionally, the 3.3. Bluetooth Module to Android Device:
Arduino board sends feedback to the smartphone
confirming the execution of the command, ensuring that 1. First, download the Android app Arduino
the user is informed about the status of the connected Bluetooth Control from the Play Store.
appliances. By employing Bluetooth communication
2. Open the app and connect the Bluetooth with
protocols, we ensure that the communication between
Android Device.
the Arduino board and the smartphone is secure,
reliable, and efficient, providing a seamless user 3. Now press the "1" to on and the "2" buttons to close
experience. the LED.
METHODOLOGY

The methodology for implementing a Bluetooth-

controlled home automation system using Arduino
involves designing the system architecture, comprising
both hardware and software components. The hardware
setup includes selecting and connecting the necessary
components such as an Arduino board, Bluetooth
module, and relay modules. In the Bluetooth-controlled
home automation system, the Bluetooth module is
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user-friendly Android applications, offering an intuitive

interface for effortless management of home
appliances.

RESULT:

The implementation and testing of the Bluetooth-

controlled home automation system using Arduino
were successful. We began by setting up the hardware,
which involved connecting the Bluetooth module (HC-
05) and relay module to the Arduino Uno board. Once
the hardware setup was complete, we uploaded the
Arduino code to enable communication between the
board and the Android application via Bluetooth.

The Android application, named "Arduino Bluetooth

Control" and available on the Play Store, established a
stable connection with the Bluetooth module. This
allowed users to remotely control home appliances.

During testing, the system demonstrated reliable

performance. It promptly responded to commands sent
from the Android application, without significant
latency or connectivity issues.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, our research paper has successfully

demonstrated the development and implementation of
a Bluetooth-controlled home automation system using
Figure 3(b): Arduino Bluetooth Control Arduino. Through this project, we have illustrated the
feasibility and practicality of using Bluetooth
technology to remotely control home appliances.
BENEFITS:
Our system offers several advantages. First and
4.1. Convenience: foremost, it provides unparalleled convenience. Users
can control home appliances from anywhere within
Control your appliances from anywhere within Bluetooth range using a smartphone or tablet,
Bluetooth range, eliminating the need to be physically eliminating the need for physical interaction with the
present near them for operation. appliances. This not only increases convenience but
also improves accessibility for people with mobility
4.2. Customization:
limitations.
Arduino-based home automation systems provide
Another advantage of our system is its flexibility. The
extensive customization options. Users can write their
Arduino platform allows for easy customization and
code to tailor the system precisely to their needs.
expansion. Users can write their code to tailor the
Additionally, they can easily integrate additional
system precisely to their needs. Additionally, they can
sensors or features as required, ensuring a highly
easily integrate additional sensors or features as
adaptable and personalized home automation
required, ensuring a highly adaptable and personalized
experience.
home automation experience.
4.3. Wireless Control:
Furthermore, our system offers a cost-effective solution
Control home appliances and devices wirelessly from for home automation. By leveraging affordable
smartphones or tablets, providing convenience and components and open-source software, we have
flexibility in managing household tasks. developed an economical system that is accessible to a
wider range of users, irrespective of their budget
4.4. Easy Installation and Setup: constraints. The user-friendly interface of our mobile
Arduino boards are easy to program using the Arduino application enhances the overall user experience. With
IDE, and Bluetooth modules can be easily interfaced intuitive controls and real-time monitoring, users can
with the Arduino, simplifying the installation and setup easily manage their home appliances with just a few
process for home automation systems. taps on their smartphone or tablet.

4.5. User-Friendly Interface:

Home automation systems equipped with Bluetooth

technology can be conveniently controlled through

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