CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1.
The term planning of building by an engineer is used to mean the arrangement
of all the units of a building on all floors and at all level and it not only includes
the horizontal layout but also it takes into consideration the height and level to
accommodate the space enclose by walls, floors, and roof. During building
planning it is important to keep in mind, the general purpose of the building.
Each type of building has its own requirement to suit its purpose in the best
possible manner. There should be proper thinking on the functional or utility
aspect of building. There should be proper thinking on the functional or utility
aspect of building. Main consideration of planning are:-
Human habitation and their requirements
Climate condition and affect
Bye-laws for planning and construction
Available finance
Comfort, safety & economy
1.2. PURPOSE OF DRADING:- Drawing is the language of Engineers.
An Engineer must be well conversant with drawings. Visualize what is going to
happen. The owner desires their requirements and accordingly drawing are
prepared. Any change, modification, addition or omission is possible from a
study of the drawings. To know the estimated cost and quantities of materials,
approved drawings are essential. Drawing provides instruction and guidance to
Architects, Engineer and workmen at field to construct according to the
dimensions shown in the drawings. Drawing should be carefully preserved after
the construction is completed. A two-three storied building may required further
extension up to four stories after a long period. BUT in order to access the
admissibility of further loading the previous approved drawings are to be
referred to for foundation strength. To construct a building, bridge or any other
essential so that approval of the work from the sanctioning authority can be
obtained. Drawings is an essential contract document. Detailed drawings are
prepared before actual execution and given to the contractor. Thus, the exact
information which he needs are given to him. Drawing should be clear, simple,
clean and be accurately drawn so that scaled measurements agree with figures
and should be from repetitive details.
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CHAPTER-2
BUILDING PLANNING
2.1. PLANNING OF BUILDING
Planning of the residential building is the arrangements of the various
components of units of a building in systematic manner so as to form a
meaningful and homogeneous structure to meet its functional purpose. Building
planning is the graphical representation of a building will be looked like after
construction.
2.2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT SELECTION OF SITE
Selection of plot is very important for building a house. Site should be in good
place where their community but service is convenient but not so closed that
becomes a source of inconvenience or noisy. The conventional transportation is
important not only because of present need but for retention of property value in
future closely related to are transportation, shopping. Facilities also necessary.
One should observed the road condition whether there is indication of future
development or not in case of un developed area.
The factors to be considered while selecting the building site are as follows:
Access to park and play ground.
Agriculture polytonality of the land.
Availability of public utility service, especially water, electricity &
sewage disposal.
Contour of land in relation the building cost. Cost of land.
Distance from place of work.
Ease of drainage.
Location with respect to school, collage & public buildings.
Nature of use of adjacent area.
Transport facilities.
Wind velocity and direction.
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2.3. DESIGN OF TWO STORAGE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
FEATURE
The prime feature of a G+1 building typically include a ground floor and one
additional floor. Common feature may involve a living area, kitchen, bedrooms,
and basic utility on the ground floor, while the upper floor is often dedicated to
more bedrooms or additional living space. Design considerations also account
for structural stability, accessibility, and safety measures. A G+1 building serves
various functions, with the ground and first floors designed for specific
purposes.
2.4. AREA REQUIREDMENT AS PER USER
The area requirements for a particular purpose can vary depending on factors
such as the locations, size, and used of the space. Some common factors to
consider when calculating the area requirements for a building or space include:
1. The number of rooms and their size.
2. The number of people who will be using the space.
3. The type of activities that will take place in the space.
4. The amount of storage and amenities needed.
5. The type of construction and material used.
6. The location and surrounding environment.
7. The budget and available resources.
8. The purpose of the space and any relevant regulations or codes.
2.5. SCOPE OF PROJECT
5TH SEMESTER:- PLANING & DESIGN
6THSEMESTER:-PLANING, DESIGN& ESTIMATION
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CHAPTER-3
LIST OF FIGURE DRAWING
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D=DOOR-1.20x2.50
D1=DOOR-1.00x2.50
D2=DOOR-0.90x2.50
W=WINDOW-1.30x1.80
W2=WINDOW-1.00x1.80
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CONCLUSION
The project has given opportunity to understand the basic principles of design.
It involves selection of type of structure, selection of plan based on the norms of
local municipal authority, provisions in each and every floor of the building as
per the rules and regulations.
Analysis and design of residential building is carried out to have maximum
utility and safety. The structural components such as slabs for floors and roofs,
beams at different floors and columns have been designed as per IS 456-
2000.During the course of the project, we have gained knowledge on designing
of slabs, beams, columns, footings and staircases. The buildings is designed as
per IS 456-2000. We have used the application of AUTOCAD and STADD PRO
during course of this project to obtain elevation, section and reinforcement
details.
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REFFERENCE
M Chakraborty ,Estimating and costing, specification and valuation in
Civil engineering, Monojit Chakraborti, Kolkata.
.B.N.Datta, Estimating and Costing in Civil engineering, UBS Publishers
Distributors Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS
DEPARTMENT, DELHI SCHEDULE OF RATES(Vol.1) 2021.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS
DEPARTMENT, DELHI SCHEDULE OF RATES(Vol.2) 2021 A
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PUBLICATION Published by DIRECTOR
GENERAL CPWD, Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi – 110011.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS
DEPARTMENT, DELHI SCHEDULE OF RATES(Vol.2) 2021.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS
DEPARTMENT DELHI SCHEDULE OF RATES(Vol.1) 2021 A
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PUBLICATION.
Published by DIRECTOR GENERAL CPWD, Nirman Bhawan, New
Delhi - 110011
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