HYPOTHESIS

Word: Hypothesis (noun)

Bangla: অনুমান/পরিকল্পনা

Pronunciation: হাইপথেসিস

Definition: A proposed explanation based on limited evidence that needs to be tested or proven.

Examples:

1. Scientists developed a hypothesis about climate change.

2. What is your hypothesis regarding this experiment?

Synonyms:

1. Theory (তত্ত্ব): His theory about the missing artifact seems logical.

2. Assumption (অনুমান): She made an assumption based on prior knowledge.

3. Proposition (প্রস্তাবনা): The proposition needs thorough research.

Antonyms:

1. Fact (তথ্য): The fact was supported by strong evidence.

2. Reality (বাস্তবতা): The reality of the situation contradicted the hypothesis.

3. Certainty (নিশ্চয়তা): There was certainty in the conclusion after testing.

Transformation:

1. Hypothesize (verb: অনুমান করা): Scientists hypothesize before conducting experiments.

2. Hypothetical (adjective: কাল্পনিক): It’s a hypothetical situation, not reality.

Context: Use "hypothesis" in scientific discussions or when predicting outcomes.

Tips: Relate "hypothesis" to the process of guessing before proving something with evidence.

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LUCRATIVE

Word: Lucrative (adjective)

Bangla: লাভজনক
Pronunciation: লুক্রেটিভ

Definition: Producing a lot of money or profit.

Examples:

1. He started a lucrative business selling handmade crafts.

2. Why is this investment considered so lucrative?

Synonyms:

1. Profitable (লাভজনক): The restaurant became profitable within six months.

2. Rewarding (ফলপ্রসূ): Teaching is a rewarding profession for her.

3. Gainful (লাভজনক): Gainful employment is essential for a stable life.

Antonyms:

1. Unprofitable (অলাভজনক): The venture turned out to be unprofitable.

2. Loss-making (ক্ষতির ব্যবসা): Their loss-making strategy led to bankruptcy.

3. Worthless (মূল্যহীন): The worthless idea was rejected by investors.

Transformation:

1. Lucrativeness (noun: লাভজনকতা): The lucrativeness of the deal attracted investors.

Context: Use "lucrative" when describing jobs, businesses, or investments with high financial
benefits.

Tips: Associate "lucrative" with wealth and successful ventures.

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PELTING

Word: Pelting (verb/adjective)

Bangla: প্রচণ্ড আঘাত/ঝাঁপসা বৃষ্টি

Pronunciation: পেল্টিং

Definition: Striking something repeatedly, often with force; continuous and intense.

Examples:
1. The children were pelting stones at the tree.

2. Is it still pouring rain outside?

Synonyms:

1. Bombarding (তীব্র আক্রমণ): The media kept bombarding him with questions.

2. Showering (প্রচু র পরিমাণে): They were showering gifts on the bride.

3. Hurling (নিক্ষেপ করা): He kept hurling insults during the argument.

Antonyms:

1. Shielding (রক্ষা করা): He was shielding himself from the strong wind.

2. Protecting (সংরক্ষণ করা): The roof was protecting them from the rain.

3. Covering (আবরণ দেওয়া): She was covering the plants during the storm.

Transformation:

1. Pelt (noun: প্রচণ্ড আঘাত): The pelt of rain was deafening.

Context: Use "pelting" when describing heavy attacks, whether physical (stones) or natural
(rain).

Tips: Visualize "pelting" as rapid and forceful hits, like a hailstorm.

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SMOTHERED

Word: Smothered (verb/adjective)

Bangla: চাপা দেওয়া/আবৃত করা

Pronunciation: স্মাদার্ড

Definition: Covered completely or suppressed; prevented from developing.

Examples:

1. The fire was smothered with a thick blanket.

2. Do you feel smothered by constant supervision?

Synonyms:
1. Suffocated (শ্বাসরোধ করা): The smoke suffocated the trapped animals.

2. Suppressed (চাপা রাখা): He suppressed his emotions during the speech.

3. Covered (আবৃত): The cake was covered in chocolate frosting.

Antonyms:

1. Exposed (উন্মুক্ত): The painting was exposed to harsh sunlight.

2. Freed (মুক্ত): He felt freed after breaking the chains.

3. Ventilated (বায়ুচলাচল করা): The room was well-ventilated for better air circulation.

Transformation:

1. Smother (verb: শ্বাসরোধ করা): She smothered the baby in a warm hug.

Context: Use "smothered" when describing suppression or complete covering of something.

Tips: Connect "smothered" with being overwhelmed or hidden.

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WITHSTAND

Word: Withstand (verb)

Bangla: প্রতিরোধ করা

Pronunciation: উইথস্ট্যান্ড

Definition: To resist or endure something difficult or harmful.

Examples:

1. The building was designed to withstand earthquakes.

2. Can he withstand the pressure of the competition?

Synonyms:

1. Resist (প্রতিরোধ করা): She resisted the temptation to eat sweets.

2. Endure (সহ্য করা): He endured the pain without complaining.

3. Defy (অবজ্ঞা করা): The soldiers defied the enemy’s attack.

Antonyms:
1. Surrender (আত্মসমর্পণ): They surrendered to the opposing forces.

2. Yield (বশ্যতা স্বীকার করা): He yielded under the intense questioning.

3. Succumb (পরাস্ত হওয়া): She succumbed to the illness after months of treatment.

Transformation:

1. Withstanding (noun: প্রতিরোধের ক্ষমতা): The withstanding of pressure is key to success.

Context: Use "withstand" when referring to enduring physical or mental challenges.

Tips: Think of "withstand" as staying strong against opposition or difficulty.

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AMNESTY

Word: Amnesty (noun)

Bangla: সাধারণ ক্ষমা

Pronunciation: অ্যামনেস্টি

Definition: A pardon given to a group of people for offenses, often political ones.

Examples:

1. The government declared an amnesty for all political prisoners.

2. Will there be an amnesty for those who evade taxes?

Synonyms:

1. Pardon (ক্ষমা): The president granted a pardon to the criminal.

2. Forgiveness (ক্ষমাশীলতা): The teacher showed forgiveness to the late student.

3. Clemency (দয়া): The judge showed clemency during sentencing.

Antonyms:

1. Punishment (শাস্তি): Severe punishment was given to the offender.

2. Penalty (দণ্ড): He paid a penalty for breaking the rules.

3. Retribution (প্রতিশোধ): Retribution was swift for the traitors.

Transformation:

1. Amnesty (verb: ক্ষমা করা): The government amnestied the rebels to restore peace.

Context: Use "amnesty" when discussing forgiveness for offenses, especially by a government.

Tips: Link "amnesty" with reconciliation or peace-building efforts.

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ASSESS

Word: Assess (verb)

Bangla: মূল্যায়ন করা

Pronunciation: অ্যাসেস

Definition: To evaluate or estimate the value, quality, or importance of something.

Examples:

1. The teacher will assess the student’s essays.

2. How do you assess the success of this project?

Synonyms:

1. Evaluate (মূল্যায়ন করা): She evaluated the performance of her team.

2. Appraise (মূল্য নির্ধারণ করা): The antique dealer appraised the vase.

3. Judge (বিচার করা): Can you judge the quality of this fabric?

Antonyms:

1. Ignore (উপেক্ষা করা): Don’t ignore the details in the report.

2. Overlook (উপেক্ষা করা): The flaws were overlooked during the inspection.

3. Disregard (উপেক্ষা করা): The boss disregarded their suggestions.

Transformation:

1. Assessment (noun: মূল্যায়ন): The assessment of risks was thorough.

2. Assessable (adjective: মূল্যায়নযোগ্য): This data is assessable with the right tools.
Context: Use "assess" when estimating value, quality, or importance in professional or academic
contexts.

Tips: Think of "assess" as a systematic way of examining something.

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AUTONOMY

Word: Autonomy (noun)

Bangla: স্বায়ত্তশাসন

Pronunciation: অটোনমি

Definition: The ability to make decisions or govern oneself independently.

Examples:

1. The region demanded autonomy from the central government.

2. Does the school give teachers autonomy in their methods?

Synonyms:

1. Independence (স্বাধীনতা): He values his independence in decision-making.

2. Self-rule (স্বশাসন): The colony struggled for self-rule for decades.

3. Sovereignty (সার্বভৌমত্ব): The nation regained its sovereignty after years of occupation.

Antonyms:

1. Dependence (নির্ভ রশীলতা): His dependence on others caused delays.

2. Subordination (অধীনতা): Subordination to higher powers limited their freedom.

3. Control (নিয়ন্ত্রণ): The central authority maintained control over the region.

Transformation:

1. Autonomous (adjective: স্বায়ত্তশাসিত): The university functions as an autonomous body.

2. Autonomously (adverb: স্বাধীনভাবে): The team worked autonomously on the project.

Context: Use "autonomy" when referring to independence in decision-making or governance.

Tips: Relate "autonomy" to freedom from external control.

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HOLISTIC

Word: Holistic (adjective)

Bangla: সমগ্রতাবাদী

Pronunciation: হলিস্টিক

Definition: Considering all parts or aspects of something as interconnected and as a whole.

Examples:

1. The doctor took a holistic approach to treat the patient.

2. Why don’t we adopt a holistic view of this issue?

Synonyms:

1. Comprehensive (সম্পূর্ণ): The plan provides a comprehensive solution to the problem.

2. Integrated (সমন্বিত): The company uses an integrated marketing approach.

3. Inclusive (সমন্বিত): The training program is inclusive of all skill levels.

Antonyms:

1. Fragmented (খণ্ডিত): His argument was fragmented and unclear.

2. Narrow (সংকীর্ণ): A narrow perspective won’t solve this issue.

3. Partial (আংশিক): The report gave a partial view of the situation.

Transformation:

1. Holistically (adverb: সামগ্রিকভাবে): She looked at the problem holistically.

Context: Use "holistic" when discussing approaches that consider all parts of something.

Tips: Think of "holistic" as focusing on the "big picture."

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DISPARITY
Word: Disparity (noun)
Bangla: পার্থক্য/বৈষম্য

Pronunciation: ডিসপ্যারিটি

Definition: A significant difference or inequality between two or more things.

Examples:

1. The disparity in wealth between the rich and poor is increasing.

2. Why does this report highlight such a disparity in salaries?

Synonyms:

1. Inequality (অসাম্য): Gender inequality is a global issue.

2. Imbalance (অসমতা): The imbalance in trade is a concern for economists.

3. Gap (ফাঁক): The gap in education between rural and urban areas is worrying.

Antonyms:

1. Equality (সমতা): Equality among citizens is a goal of democracy.

2. Parity (সমানতা): The organization achieved pay parity for its employees.

3. Uniformity (একরূপতা): There was uniformity in the students’ performance.

Transformation:

1. Disparate (adjective: ভিন্নধর্মী): They belong to disparate cultures.

Context: Use "disparity" when referring to inequalities in resources, opportunities, or treatment.

Tips: Think of "disparity" as the opposite of balance or equality.

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RABID

Word: Rabid (adjective)

Bangla: উগ্র/পাগলাটে

Pronunciation: র‍্যাবিড

Definition: Extremely enthusiastic or fanatical, often in an uncontrollable or unreasonable way.

Examples:

1. He is a rabid fan of football and watches every match.

2. Why are some people so rabid in their political beliefs?

Synonyms:

1. Fanatical (উন্মত্ত): The fanatical supporters cheered loudly.

2. Extreme (অত্যন্ত উগ্র): Her extreme opinions shocked everyone.

3. Overzealous (অতিরিক্ত উৎসাহী): His overzealous behavior annoyed his colleagues.

Antonyms:

1. Calm (শান্ত): She remained calm despite the chaos.

2. Moderate (মাঝারি): His moderate views were appreciated by all.

3. Indifferent (উদাসীন): He was indifferent to the argument.

Transformation:

1. Rabidity (noun: উগ্রতা): The rabidity of the debate was unsettling.

Context: Use "rabid" to describe overly passionate or aggressive behavior, often in fandom or
ideology.

Tips: Imagine "rabid" as being overly extreme, like the intensity of a raging storm.

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HORDE

Word: Horde (noun)

Bangla: বিশাল জনসমাগম/দল

Pronunciation: হোর্ড

Definition: A large group of people or things, often moving together.

Examples:

1. A horde of fans gathered to see the celebrity.

2. Why is there always a horde of tourists in this area?

Synonyms:

1. Crowd (ভিড়): A crowd gathered at the concert.

2. Swarm (ঝাঁক): A swarm of bees flew over the field.

3. Mass (সমষ্টি): A mass of people attended the festival.

Antonyms:

1. Individual (একক ব্যক্তি): The individual worked alone on the project.

2. Solitude (একাকীত্ব): He enjoyed the solitude of the countryside.

3. Small group (ছোট দল): A small group of friends met at the café.

Transformation:

1. Hordes (plural noun: দল): Hordes of fans waited outside the stadium.

Context: Use "horde" when describing large groups of people, often chaotic or overwhelming.

Tips: Visualize "horde" as a massive, moving crowd, like a parade or rush-hour traffic.

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DOMICILE

Word: Domicile (noun)

Bangla: আবাসস্থল/বসতি

Pronunciation: ডমিসাইল

Definition: A place where someone lives or resides permanently.

Examples:

1. Their new domicile is in the city center.

2. Where is your legal domicile for tax purposes?

Synonyms:

1. Residence (আবাস): His residence is in a quiet neighborhood.

2. Home (বাড়ি): Her home is filled with beautiful plants.

3. Abode (বাসস্থান): This humble abode is where I grew up.

Antonyms:

1. Workplace (কর্মস্থল): He spends most of his time at his workplace.

2. Office (অফিস): Her office is located downtown.

3. Foreign land (বিদেশ): He left his domicile to live in a foreign land.

Transformation:

1. Domiciliary (adjective: বাসস্থানের সঙ্গে সম্পর্কি ত): The domiciliary services were helpful to the
elderly.

Context: Use "domicile" in formal or legal discussions about living or residence.

Tips: Picture "domicile" as a permanent home or a place legally tied to you.

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COHESION

Word: Cohesion (noun)

Bangla: সংহতি/সংযোগ

Pronunciation: কোহীশন

Definition: The act of forming a united whole; the state of things sticking together.

Examples:

1. The cohesion of the team improved their chances of winning.

2. How can we ensure cohesion among different departments?

Synonyms:

1. Unity (ঐক্য): Unity among the people made the project successful.

2. Bond (বন্ধন): A strong bond kept the group intact.

3. Harmony (সামঞ্জস্য): Harmony between the singers made the performance beautiful.

Antonyms:

1. Division (বিভাজন): The division between the groups caused delays.

2. Separation (বিচ্ছেদ): The separation weakened their efforts.

3. Disunity (অনৈক্য): Disunity led to the failure of the movement.

Transformation:

1. Cohesive (adjective: সংহত): Their cohesive strategy brought success.

2. Cohesively (adverb: সংহতির সাথে): The team worked cohesively to achieve their goal.

Context: Use "cohesion" when describing unity or connectedness, especially in groups or

materials.

Tips: Think of "cohesion" as glue that keeps things together, physically or socially.

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LINGER

Word: Linger (verb)

Bangla: বিলম্ব করা/থেমে থাকা

Pronunciation: লিঙ্গার

Definition: To stay in a place longer than necessary or to persist.

Examples:

1. The scent of her perfume lingered in the air.

2. Why do you linger when you have other work to do?

Synonyms:

1. Loiter (ঘুরঘুর করা): They loitered around the park all evening.

2. Remain (থাকা): The old memories remain fresh in his mind.

3. Persist (অবিরত থাকা): The cold weather persists even in spring.

Antonyms:

1. Leave (ত্যাগ করা): He left the room without hesitation.

2. Disappear (উধাও হওয়া): The smoke disappeared quickly.

3. Finish (শেষ হওয়া): The meeting finished on time.

Transformation:

1. Lingering (adjective: স্থায়ী): She had lingering doubts about the decision.

2. Lingerer (noun: বিলম্বকারী): He was a habitual lingerer, always late to meetings.

Context: Use "linger" to describe staying longer or something lasting beyond its expected time.

Tips: Imagine the word "linger" as something hanging around even after it should leave.

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ATTRITION

Word: Attrition (noun)

Bangla: অবক্ষয়/ক্ষয়

Pronunciation: অ্যাট্রিশন

Definition: Gradual weakening, reduction, or wearing away of something over time.

Examples:

1. The company faced high attrition due to low employee morale.

2. Does the constant attrition of resources affect the project?

Synonyms:

1. Erosion (ক্ষয়): The constant flow of water caused the erosion of the riverbank.

2. Decline (অবনতি): The decline in sales worried the management.

3. Reduction (হ্রাস): A reduction in workforce saved costs.

Antonyms:

1. Growth (বৃদ্ধি): The growth of the company has been steady.

2. Increase (বৃদ্ধি): There was an increase in the production rate.

3. Expansion (সম্প্রসারণ): The factory underwent significant expansion.

Transformation:

1. Attritional (adjective: ক্ষয়প্রবণ): The attritional loss affected their profits.

Context: Use "attrition" to describe slow depletion or loss, especially in people or resources.

Tips: Think of "attrition" as a slow fading or reduction over time.

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VOLATILE

Word: Volatile (adjective)

Bangla: অস্থির/পরিবর্ত নশীল

Pronunciation: ভলাটাইল

Definition: Likely to change suddenly and unpredictably, often for the worse.

Examples:

1. The stock market is highly volatile this year.

2. Why is he acting so volatile these days?

Synonyms:

1. Unstable (অস্থিতিশীল): The unstable weather ruined their plans.

2. Explosive (বিস্ফোরক): His explosive temper makes him difficult to work with.

3. Unpredictable (অনির্দে শ্য): The results of the experiment were unpredictable.

Antonyms:

1. Stable (স্থিতিশীল): The country’s economy is now stable.

2. Calm (শান্ত): She remained calm despite the pressure.

3. Predictable (অনুমেয়): The situation became more predictable after the changes.

Transformation:

1. Volatility (noun: অস্থিরতা): The volatility of the market scared investors.

2. Volatileness (noun: পরিবর্ত নশীলতা): The volatileness of his behavior caused concern.

Context: Use "volatile" to describe things that change rapidly, especially emotionally or
financially.

Tips: Think of "volatile" as something on the edge of change, like boiling water.
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INFATUATION

Word: Infatuation (noun)

Bangla: মোহ/অন্ধ আকর্ষণ

Pronunciation: ইনফ্যাচু য়েশন

Definition: A strong but often short-lived passion or admiration for someone or something.

Examples:

1. His infatuation with her lasted only a few months (noun).

2. Is this true love or just a fleeting infatuation? (noun)

Synonyms:

1. Obsession (আসক্তি): Her obsession with fashion made her spend all her money on clothes.

2. Crush (প্রেম): He had a huge crush on his classmate in high school.

3. Fascination (মুগ্ধতা): His fascination with cars started when he was a child.

Antonyms:

1. Disinterest (অনীহা): She showed complete disinterest in the topic.

2. Indifference (উদাসীনতা): His indifference towards her feelings was hurtful.

3. Hatred (ঘৃণা): Their hatred for each other grew after the argument.

Transformation:

1. Infatuated (adjective: মোহগ্রস্ত): She was infatuated with the new celebrity in town.

2. Infatuate (verb: মোহিত করা): The charm of the place infatuated everyone who visited.

Context: Use "infatuation" to describe intense, often unrealistic feelings of admiration or love,
especially in romantic or superficial situations.

Tips: Associate "infatuation" with temporary, over-the-top admiration that fades quickly.

SYNOPSIS
Word: Synopsis (noun)
Bangla: সারাংশ/সারমর্ম

Pronunciation: সাইনপসিস

Definition: A brief summary or general overview of a larger work or topic.

Examples:

1. The teacher asked us to write a synopsis of the book (noun).

2. Can you provide a synopsis of the movie before we watch it? (noun)

Synonyms:

1. Summary (সারাংশ): He gave a brief summary of the report during the meeting.

2. Outline (সংক্ষিপ্ত বিবরণ): The professor provided an outline of the lecture.

3. Abstract (সারমর্ম): The research paper includes an abstract at the beginning.

Antonyms:

1. Expansion (সম্প্রসারণ): The expansion of the topic made it more detailed.

2. Elaboration (বিস্তার): The speaker's elaboration clarified the points further.

3. Full text (সম্পূর্ণ লেখা): Reading the full text gave a deeper understanding.

Transformation:

1. Synopses (plural noun: সারাংশ): The catalog contains synopses of all the featured books.

Context: Use "synopsis" when providing a condensed version of a story, article, or event.

Tips: Think of "synopsis" as the "essence" or quick snapshot of something lengthy.

SHAMBOLIC

Word: Shambolic (adjective)

Bangla: বিশৃঙ্খল/গোলমালপূর্ণ

Pronunciation: শ্যামবলিক

Definition: Extremely disorganized, chaotic, or messy.

Examples:
1. The event was so shambolic that no one knew what to do (adjective).

2. Why does your desk always look so shambolic? (adjective)

Synonyms:

1. Chaotic (অগোছালো): The traffic in the city is chaotic during rush hour.

2. Disorganized (বিশৃঙ্খল): The disorganized meeting wasted everyone's time.

3. Messy (অগোছালো): His messy handwriting was hard to read.

Antonyms:

1. Organized (সুশঙ্খ
ৃ ল): The event was perfectly organized and smooth.

2. Orderly (পরিপাটি): The classroom was orderly and clean.

3. Neat (পরিচ্ছন্ন): She keeps her room neat and tidy.

Transformation:

1. Shambolically (adverb: বিশৃঙ্খলভাবে): The team performed shambolically during the final match.

Context: Use "shambolic" when describing something that is poorly planned, disorganized, or in
chaos.

Tips: Picture a complete mess or a failed attempt at organization to remember "shambolic."

ANIMOSITY

Word: Animosity (noun)

Bangla: বৈরিতা/বিদ্বেষ

Pronunciation: আনিমসিটি

Definition: A strong feeling of dislike or hatred towards someone or something.

Examples:

1. There has always been animosity between the two rival teams (noun).

2. Why does she have such animosity towards her old friend? (noun)

Synonyms:
1. Hostility (শত্রুতা): The hostility between the neighbors was obvious.

2. Enmity (বিদ্বেষ): The enmity between the two nations lasted for decades.

3. Antagonism (প্রতিকূলতা): His speech stirred up antagonism among the audience.

Antonyms:

1. Friendship (বন্ধুত্ব): Their friendship grew stronger over the years.

2. Affection (ভালবাসা): She has great affection for her younger brother.

3. Harmony (সম্প্রীতি): The community lived in harmony despite their differences.

Transformation:

1. Animosities (plural noun: বৈরিতা): Old animosities resurfaced during the debate.

Context: Use "animosity" to describe intense dislike or hostility between people, groups, or
nations.

Tips: Think of "animosity" as the opposite of friendliness, often describing strong conflicts or
grudges.

WOOZY

Word: Woozy (adjective)

Bangla: অস্থির/মাথা ঘুরানো

Pronunciation: উযী

Definition: Feeling dizzy, lightheaded, or confused, often due to illness or exhaustion.

Examples:

1. After spinning around for a while, he felt woozy and had to sit down (adjective).

2. Why do you look so woozy? Are you feeling alright? (adjective)

Synonyms:

1. Dizzy (মাথা ঘুরানো): She felt dizzy after standing up too quickly.

2. Lightheaded (মাথা চক্কর দেওয়া): The heat made him feel lightheaded.

3. Faint (অজ্ঞান হওয়া): She almost fainted due to dehydration.

Antonyms:

1. Alert (সতর্ক ): She was alert and ready for the meeting.

2. Steady (স্থির): His hand remained steady while painting.

3. Clearheaded (স্পষ্ট মনের): After a good rest, she was clearheaded and focused.

Transformation:

1. Woozily (adverb: অস্থিরভাবে): He walked woozily after getting off the roller coaster.

2. Wooziness (noun: অস্থিরতা): The wooziness lasted for hours after the long flight.

Context: Use "woozy" when describing a state of dizziness or confusion, often caused by
tiredness or illness.

Tips: Associate "woozy" with the feeling you get when you're spinning or feeling faint, like when
you’ve been sick or overworked.

ADJACENT

Word: Adjacent (adjective)

Bangla: পার্শ্ববর্তী

Pronunciation: অ্যাজেসেন্ট

Definition: Next to or adjoining something else; nearby.

Examples:

1. The hotel is adjacent to the beach, making it perfect for tourists (adjective).

2. Are there any adjacent rooms available for our meeting? (adjective)

Synonyms:

1. Neighboring (পাশের): The neighboring buildings were all under construction.

2. Next (পাশে): The next door neighbor has a lovely garden.

3. Contiguous (অবিচ্ছিন্ন): The contiguous land was perfect for farming.

Antonyms:

1. Distant (দূরবর্তী): The distant mountains were barely visible.

2. Far (দূরে): They lived far from the city center.

3. Remote (অন্তর্নিহিত): The island was so remote that few people ever visited it.

Transformation:

1. Adjacency (noun: পার্শ্ববর্তী অবস্থা): The adjacency of the two stores makes it convenient for
customers.

2. Adjacentness (noun: পাশের অবস্থা): The adjacentness of their offices helped them collaborate
easily.

Context: Use "adjacent" when talking about things that are next to or very close to each other.

Tips: Think of "adjacent" as something directly beside or near, like the adjacent seat in a theater.

DISTRAUGHT

Word: Distraught (adjective)

Bangla: ভগ্নমনস্ক/দ্বিধান্বিত

Pronunciation: ডিস্ট্রট

Definition: Extremely upset or worried, often to the point of being unable to think clearly.

Examples:

1. She was distraught after hearing the bad news (adjective).

2. Why are you looking so distraught today? (adjective)

Synonyms:

1. Distressed (অশান্ত): He was visibly distressed when he heard the news.

2. Agitated (উদ্বিগ্ন): She felt agitated before her big presentation.

3. Troubled (কষ্টে ভরা): His troubled mind made it hard to focus.

Antonyms:

1. Calm (শান্ত): After the storm, the sea was calm again.

2. Composed (সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ): She remained composed throughout the interview.

3. Relaxed (আলগা): He felt relaxed after his vacation.

Transformation:
1. Distraughtly (adverb: অস্থিরভাবে): She wandered distraughtly through the streets, searching for
answers.

2. Distraughtness (noun: উদ্বেগ): His distraughtness was clear in his expression.

Context: Use "distraught" when describing someone who is deeply upset, anxious, or troubled.

Tips: Associate "distraught" with being so upset that you lose your ability to think straight or
focus.

SENTIMENT

Word: Sentiment (noun)

Bangla: অনুভূতি/মতামত

Pronunciation: সেনটিমেন্ট

Definition: A feeling, emotion, or opinion about something; an attitude or view toward something.

Examples:

1. Her sentiment about the new policy was largely positive (noun).

2. What is your sentiment on the current political situation? (noun)

Synonyms:

1. Feeling (অনুভূতি): He expressed his feelings about the decision openly.

2. Opinion (মতামত): What’s your opinion on the movie?

3. Emotion (আবেগ): She couldn’t hide her emotion when talking about her childhood.

Antonyms:

1. Indifference (অমনোযোগিতা): His indifference to the issue was surprising.

2. Apathy (অবহেলা): The community showed apathy toward the environmental cause.

3. Disdain (ঘৃণা): She looked at the proposal with disdain.

Transformation:

1. Sentimental (adjective: আবেগপ্রবণ): He was feeling sentimental about leaving his hometown.

2. Sentimentality (noun: আবেগপ্রবণতা): There was a sense of sentimentality during the farewell
party.
Context: Use "sentiment" when referring to feelings, attitudes, or opinions, especially those that
are emotional or personal.

Tips: Think of "sentiment" as the emotional mood or opinion someone has about something,
whether it’s positive, negative, or neutral.

STUD

Word: Stud (noun/verb)

Bangla: গুটি/অলঙ্কার বসানো

Pronunciation: স্টাড

Definition: A small decorative piece, usually metal, used as jewelry or to fasten clothing (noun);
a strong, attractive man (informal noun); to decorate or cover something with small objects
(verb).

Examples:

1. She wore diamond studs on her ears (noun).

2. He’s considered the stud of the football team (noun, informal).

3. The bag was studded with golden beads (verb).

Synonyms:

1. Button (বোতাম): The jacket had silver buttons along the front.

2. Gem (রত্ন): Her necklace sparkled with colorful gems.

3. Embellish (সাজানো): The dress was embellished with tiny pearls.

Antonyms:

1. Plain (সাধারণ): The room was left plain without any decorations.

2. Undecorated (অসাজানো): The cake was undecorated and simple.

3. Remove (অপসারণ): He removed the studs from his jacket.

Transformation:

1. Studded (past participle: অলঙ্কার বসানো): The shoes were studded with crystals.

2. Studding (present participle: অলঙ্কার বসানো): They are studding the fabric with small sequins.

Context: Use "stud" for jewelry, decorative items, or informally to describe an attractive man.
Tips: Think of studs as small yet significant embellishments or decorations, whether physical or
metaphorical!

PINE

Word: Pine (verb/noun)

Bangla: আকুল হওয়া/পাইন গাছ

Pronunciation: পাইন

Definition: To long deeply or suffer from grief (verb); also, a type of evergreen tree (noun).

Examples:

1. She pined for her childhood home after moving to the city (verb).

2. The forest was full of tall pine trees swaying in the wind (noun).

Synonyms:

1. Yearn (আকুলভাবে চাওয়া): He yearned for his lost love.

2. Crave (আকাঙ্ক্ষা করা): She craved a peaceful life in the countryside.

3. Languish (দুর্বল হওয়া): He languished in loneliness after his friends moved away.

Antonyms:

1. Rejoice (আনন্দ করা): They rejoiced after hearing the good news.

2. Celebrate (উদযাপন করা): The town celebrated the festival with joy.

3. Thrive (উন্নতি করা): He thrived in the bustling city environment.

Transformation:

1. Pined (past participle: আকুল হওয়া): He pined for her during their long separation.

2. Pining (present participle: আকুল হওয়া): She is pining for the days when life was simpler.

Context: Use "pine" to express deep longing or when describing the evergreen tree.

Tips: Associate "pine" with the feeling of missing someone or something deeply, just like how
evergreen trees stand tall and enduring.

SLURP
Word: Slurp (verb/noun)
Bangla: চু ক চু ক শব্দ করে খাওয়া/শব্দ করে খাওয়ার শব্দ

Pronunciation: স্লার্প

Definition: To drink or eat something noisily (verb); the sound made when doing so (noun).

Examples:

1. He slurped his soup loudly, annoying everyone at the table (verb).

2. The slurp of the noodles echoed in the quiet room (noun).

Synonyms:

1. Sip (চু মুক দেওয়া): She sipped her tea while reading a book.

2. Gulp (গিলতে থাকা): He gulped the water after a long run.

3. Swig (গেলাস ভরে খাওয়া): He took a swig of the cold lemonade.

Antonyms:

1. Savor (আনন্দ নিয়ে খাওয়া): She savored each bite of the chocolate cake.

2. Nibble (আস্তে আস্তে খাওয়া): He nibbled on the biscuit while working.

3. Silence (নিঃশব্দ): They ate in silence, avoiding any noise.

Transformation:

1. Slurping (present participle: শব্দ করে খাওয়া): The child kept slurping his milkshake happily.

2. Slurped (past participle: শব্দ করে খাওয়া): She slurped her noodles during lunch.

Context: Use "slurp" when describing noisy eating or drinking, often considered impolite in
formal settings.

Tips: Imagine the sound made when drinking soup or noodles to remember "slurp."

CLOAK

Word: Cloak (noun/verb)

Bangla: চাদর/ঢেকে রাখা

Pronunciation: ক্লোক
Definition: A loose outer garment worn over clothes (noun); to hide or cover something (verb).

Examples:

1. The wizard wore a long black cloak (noun).

2. She tried to cloak her nervousness with a smile (verb).

Synonyms:

1. Cover (ঢাকা): The snow covered the entire landscape.

2. Conceal (লুকানো): He concealed his identity during the mission.

3. Veil (ঘোমটা/ঢেকে দেওয়া): The mountains were veiled by mist.

Antonyms:

1. Reveal (উন্মোচন করা): He revealed the truth during the meeting.

2. Uncover (উন্মোচিত করা): The investigators uncovered the hidden documents.

3. Expose (প্রকাশ করা): The sun exposed the icy surface of the lake.

Transformation:

1. Cloaked (past participle: ঢেকে রাখা): The forest was cloaked in darkness.

2. Cloaking (present participle: ঢেকে রাখা): They are cloaking their true intentions.

Context: Use "cloak" to describe literal garments or figuratively when hiding or disguising
something.

Tips: Think of "cloak" as both a physical covering and a metaphorical one for secrets or
emotions.