04 - Coordination Compounds
04 - Coordination Compounds
Q1. The F ions make the enamel on teeth much harder by converting hydroxyapatite (the enamel on the surface of
−
teeth) into much harder fluoroapatite having the formula. 09 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) [3 (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) ⋅ Ca(OH) 2 ] (2) [3 (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 3 ) ⋅ CaF 2 ]
4
, NH 3 , CN
−
, SO
2−
4
.
, H2 O 09 Apr 2024 (M)
Q3. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The total number of geometrical isomers shown by [Co(en) 2 Cl 2 ]
+
complex ion is three.
Reason (R): [Co(en) 2 Cl 2 ]
+
complex ion has an octahedral geometry.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
09 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(2) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
(3) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(4) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
3
A. K 2 [Ni(CN) 4 ] I. sp
3 2
B. [Ni(CO) 4 ] II. sp d
2
C. [Co(NH 3 ) ]Cl 3 III. dsp
6
2 3
D. Na 3 [CoF 6 ] IV. d sp
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 09 Apr 2024 (E)
(1) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II (2) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
(3) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV (4) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
(Molecule) (Shape)
A. Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] ⋅ xH 2 O I. Violet
3
4−
B. [Fe(CN) 5 NOS II. Blood Red A
2+
C. [Fe(SCN)] III. Prussian Blue
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 08 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV (2) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
(3) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III (4) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
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3+
(A) [Cr(NH 3 ) ] (I) 4.90
6
2−
(B) [NiCl 4 ] (II) 3.87
3−
(C) [CoF 6 ] (III) 0.0
2−
(D) [Ni(CN) 4 ] (IV) 2.83
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : 08 Apr 2024 (E)
(1) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV) (2) (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)
(3) (A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(III) (4) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
Q10. An octahedral complex with the formula CoCl 3 ⋅ nNH 3 upon reaction with excess of AgNO solution gives 2 3
moles of AgCl. Consider the oxidation state of Co in the complex is ' x '. The value of " x + n " is ______
08 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) 6 (2) 8
(3) 3 (4) 5
Q11. The correct IUPAC name of [PtBr 2 (PMe 3 ) 2 ] is : 06 Apr 2024 (E)
(1) dibromodi(trimethylphosphine)platinum(II) (2) bis(trimethylphosphine)dibromoplatinum(II)
(3) dibromobis(trimethylphosphine)platinum(II) (4) bis[bromo(trimethylphosphine)]platinum(II)
The correct order of A, B, C and D in terms of wavenumber of light absorbed is : 06 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) C < D < A < B (2) B < C < A < D
(3) A < C < B < D (4) D < A < C < B
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2 0
(A) TiCl 4 (I) e , t
2
2− 4 3
(B) [FeO 4 ] (II) e , t
2
− 0 0
(C) [FeCl 4 ] (III) e , t
2
2− 2 3
(D) [CoCl 4 ] (IV) e , t
2
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : 06 Apr 2024 (E)
(1) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I) (2) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
(3) (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II) (4) (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
Q15. The correct order of ligands arranged in increasing field strength. 05 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) F −
< Br
−
< I
−
< NH 3 (2) Br −
< F
−
< H 2 O < NH 3
(3) H 2
O < −OH < CN
−
< NH 3 (4) Cl −
< −OH < Br
−
< CN
−
Q16. Which one of the following complexes will exhibit the least paramagnetic behaviour?
[Atomic number, Cr = 24, Mn = 25, Fe = 26, Co = 27 ] 05 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) [Cr(H 2
O) ]
6
2+
(2) [Fe(H 2
O) ]
6
2+
(3) [Co(H 2
O) ]
6
2+
(4) [Mn(H 2
O) ]
6
2+
Q17. The metal atom present in the complex MABXL (where A, B, X and L are unidentate ligands and M is metal)
involves sp hybridization. The number of geometrical isomers exhibited by the complex is:
3
05 Apr 2024 (E)
(1) 2 (2) 0
(3) 4 (4) 3
Q18. The number of complexes from the following with no electrons in the t orbital is 2
TiCl 4 , [MnO 4 ]
−
, [FeO 4 ]
2−
, [FeCl 4 ]
−
, [CoCl 4 ]
2−
05 Apr 2024 (E)
(1) 1 (2) 4
(3) 3 (4) 2
Q19. The correct sequence of ligands in the order of decreasing field strength is : 04 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) NCS −
> EDTA
4−
> CN
−
> CO (2) CO > H 2
O > F
−
> S
2−
(3) S 2−
> −OH > EDTA
4−
> CO (4) −
OH > F
−
> NH 3 > CN
−
Q21. Number of complexes from the following with even number of unpaired " d " electrons is
3+ 2+ 3+ 3+ 2+
[V(H 2 O) ] , [Cr(H 2 O) ] , [Fe(H 2 O) ] , [Ni(H 2 O) ] , [Cu(H 2 O) ]
6 6 6 6 6
[Given atomic numbers : V = 23, Cr = 24, Fe = 26, Ni = 28Cu = 29] 04 Apr 2024 (M)
(1) 2 (2) 1
(3) 4 (4) 5
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presence of NH 4 OH.
Statement (II) : Prussian blue precipitate contains iron both in (+2) and (+3) oxidation states.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
01 Feb 2024 (E)
(1) Statement I is false but Statement II is true (2) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
(3) Both Statement I and Statement II are false (4) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Q28. Select the option with correct property: 31 Jan 2024 (E)
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B. [F e(H 2 O) ]
6
3+
II. t
3
2g
e
0
g
C. [N i(H 2 O) ]
6
2+
III. t
3
2g
e
2
g
D. [V (H 2 O) ]
6
3+
IV. t
6
2g
e
2
g
Q30. The molecule/ion with square pyramidal shape is: 30 Jan 2024 (E)
(1) [Ni(CN) 4]
2−
(2) PCl 5
Q32. Number of complexes which show optical isomerism among the following is _________.
3− 3+ 2+ +
cis −[Cr(ox) 2 Cl 2 ] , [Co(en) 3 ] , cis − [Pt(en) 2 Cl 2 ] , cis − [Co(en) 2 Cl 2 ]
, trans −[Pt(en) 2 Cl 2 ]
2+
, trans − [Cr(ox) 2 Cl 2 ]
3−
Q33. Aluminium chloride in acidified aqueous solution forms an ion having geometry 30 Jan 2024 (M)
(1) Octahedral (2) Square Planar
(3) Tetrahedral (4) Trigonal bipyramidal
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Q36. In which one of the following metal carbonyls, CO forms a bridge between metal atoms? 29 Jan 2024 (M)
(1) [Co 2 (CO) 8 ] (2) [Mn 2 (CO) 10 ]
Q37. Identity the incorrect pair from the following: 27 Jan 2024 (E)
(1) Photography - AgBr (2) Polythene preparation - TiCl 4, Al (CH 3 )
3
Q38. Yellow compound of lead chromate gets dissolved on treatment with hot NaOH solution. The product of lead
formed is a : 27 Jan 2024 (M)
(1) Tetraanionic complex with coordination number six
(2) Neutral complex with coordination number four
(3) Dianionic complex with coordination number six
(4) Dianionic complex with coordination number four
The correct order of the complex ions, according to their spin only magnetic moment values (in B.M.) is :
27 Jan 2024 (M)
(1) R < Q < P (2) R < P < Q
(3) [Pt(Cl) 4]
2−
(4) SF 6
Q41. The Spin only magnetic moment value of square planar complex [Pt (NH 3 )2 Cl(NH 2 CH 3 )] Cl is _______
B.M. (Nearest integer)
( Given atomic number for Pt = 78) 27 Jan 2024 (E)
Q44. The complex with highest magnitude of crystal field splitting energy (Δ 0) is 15 Apr 2023 (M)
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E. Chelating ligand–D−Penicillamine
Choose the correct answer from the options given below. 13 Apr 2023 (M)
(1) A, C and E only (2) A and C only
(3) A and E only (4) D and E only
Q47. The total number of stereoisomers for the complex [Cr(ox) 2 ClBr]
3–
(where ox = oxalate) is 13 Apr 2023 (E)
(1) 3 (2) 2
(3) 4 (4) 1
Q48. Which of the following complexes will exhibit maximum attraction to an applied magnetic field?
13 Apr 2023 (E)
(1) [Ni(H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
(2) [Co(en) 3 ]
3+
(3) [Zn(H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
(4) [Co(H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
A. [Cu(N H 3 ) ]
6
2+
I. −0. 6
B. [T i(H 2 O) ]
6
3+
II. −2. 0
C. [F e(CN ) ]
6
3−
III. −1. 2
D. [N iF 6 ]
4−
IV. −0. 4
Q50. The set which does not have ambidentate ligand(s) is 11 Apr 2023 (M)
(1) C2 O
2−
4
, ethylene diammine, H 2
O (2) EDTA 4−
, NCS
−
, C2 O
2−
Q51. The magnetic moment is measured in Bohr Magneton (BM). Spin only magnetic moment of Fe in
[Fe (H 2 O) ]
6
3+
and [Fe (CN) 6
]
3−
complexes respectively is: 11 Apr 2023 (E)
(1) 6. 92 B. M. in both (2) 3. 87 B. M. and1. 732 B. M.
(3) 5. 92 B. M. and 1. 732 B. M. (4) 4. 89 B. M. and 6. 92 B. M.
Q52. Which of the following complex has a possibility to exist as meridional isomer? 11 Apr 2023 (M)
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Q53. If Ni 2+
is replaced by Pt 2+
in the complex [NiCl 2 Br 2 ]
2−
, which of the following properties are expected to
get changed?
A. Geometry B. Geometrical isomerism C. Optical isomerism D. Magnetic properties 11 Apr 2023 (E)
(1) A and D (2) A, B and C
(3) B and C (4) A, B and D
Q56. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
assertion A : [CoCl (NH 3 )5 ]
2+
absorbs at lower wavelength of light with respect to [Co (NH 3 ) 5 (H 2 O)]
3+
Reason R: It is because the wavelenght of light absorbed depends on the oxidation state of the metal ion.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below: 11 Apr 2023 (E)
(1) A is false but R is true
(2) A is true but R is false
(3) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explaination of A
(4) Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explaination of A
Q58. The octahedral diamagnetic low spin complex among the following is 10 Apr 2023 (M)
(1) [Co (NH 3 )6 ]
3+
(2) [CoF 6]
3−
(3) [CoCl 6]
3−
(4) [NiCl 4]
2
Q59. The correct order of the number of unpaired electrons in the given complexes is
(A) [Fe(CN) 6]
3−
(B) [FeF 6]
3−
(C) [CoF 6]
3−
(D) [Cr( oxalate ) 3 ]
3−
(E) [Ni(CO) 4]
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Q60. In potassium ferrocyanide, there are ______ pairs of electrons in the t 2g set of orbitals. 10 Apr 2023 (M)
Q64. Which of the following complex is octahedral, diamagnetic and the most stable? 08 Apr 2023 (M)
(1) Na 3
[CoCl 6 ] (2) [Ni (NH 3
) ] Cl 2
6
Q65. The correct order of spin only magnetic moments for the following complex ions is 08 Apr 2023 (M)
(1) [Fe(CN) 6
]
3−
< [CoF 6 ]
3−
< [MnBr 4 ]
2−
< [Mn(CN) 6 ]
3−
(2) [CoF 6
]
3−
< [MnBr 4 ]
2−
< [Fe(CN) 6 ]
3−
< [Mn(CN) 6 ]
3−
(3) [Fe(CN) 6
]
3−
< [Mn(CN) 6 ]
3−
< [CoF 6 ]
3−
< [MnBr 4 ]
2−
(4) [MnBr 4
]
2−
< [CoF 6 ]
3−
< [Fe(CN) 6 ]
3−
< [Mn(CN) 6 ]
3−
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Q67. Number of ambidentate ligands in a representative metal complex [M(en)(SCN) 4 ] is _________. [en =
ethylenediamine]
06 Apr 2023 (M)
Q69. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: The spin only magnetic moment value for [Fe(CN) 6 ]
3−
is 1. 74 BM, whereas for [Fe(H2O)6]
[Fe (H 2 O) ]
6
3+
is 5. 92 BM.
Q70. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as “Assertion A” and the other is labelled as “Reason R”
Assertion A : In the complex Ni(CO) and Fe(CO) , the metals have zero oxidation state.
4 5
Reason R : Low oxidation states are found when a complex has ligands capable of π -donor character in
addition to the σ-bonding.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
06 Apr 2023 (E)
(C) K 2 SO 4 ⋅ Al 2 (SO 4 )
3
⋅ 24H 2 O (D) Fe(CN) 2 ⋅ 4 KCN
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Q73. Which of the following complex will show largest splitting of d-orbitals? 01 Feb 2023 (M)
(1) [Fe (C 2 O4 )3 ]
3−
(2) [FeF 6]
3−
(3) [Fe(CN) 6]
3−
(4) [Fe (NH 3 )6 ]
3+
Q74. The complex cation which has two isomers is: 01 Feb 2023 (E)
(1) [Co (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
(2) [Co (NH 3 )5 Cl]
2+
Q75. Cobalt chloride when dissolved in water forms pink colored complex X which has octahedral geometry. This
solution on treating with cone HCl forms deep blue complex, Y which has a Z geometry. X, Y and Z,
respectively, are 31 Jan 2023 (M)
(1) X = [Co (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
, Y = [CoCl 4 ]
2−
, Z = Tetrahedral
(2) X = [Co(H 2 O 6 )]
2+
, Y = [CoCl 6 ]
3−
, Z = Octahedral
(3) X = [Co (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
, Y = [CoCl 6 ]
3−
, Z = Octahedral
(4) X = [Co (H 2 O) 4 Cl 2 ]
+
, Y = [CoCl 4 ]
2−
, Z = Tetrahedral
Q77. Which of the following is correct order of ligand field strength? 30 Jan 2023 (M)
(1) CO < en < NH 3 < C2 O
2−
4
< S
2−
(2) S 2−
< C2 O
2−
4
< NH 3 < en < CO
4
(4) S 2−
< NH 3 < en < CO < C 2 O
2−
(D) [Fe (H 2 O) ]
6
2+
IV d
2
sp
3
Q79. To inhibit the growth of tumours, identify the compounds used from the following:
(A) EDTA (B) Coordination Compounds of Pt (C) D-Penicillamine (D) Cis - Platin
Choose the correct answer from the option given below: 30 Jan 2023 (M)
(1) B and D Only (2) C and D Only
(3) A and B Only (4) A and C Only
Q80. The Cl − Co − Cl bond angle values in a fac- [Co (NH 3 )3 Cl 3 ] complex is/are: 30 Jan 2023 (E)
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Q81. 1 L, 0. 02M solution of [Co (NH 3 )5 SO 4 ] Br is mixed with 1 L, 0. 02M solution of [Co (NH 3 )5 Br] SO 4 . The
resulting solution is divided into two equal parts (X) and treated with excess AgNO solution and BaCl 3 2
Q82. Correct order of spin only magnetic moment of the following complex ions is:
(Given At. No. Fe : 26, Co : 27 ) 29 Jan 2023 (E)
(1) [FeF 6]
3−
> [CoF 6 ]
3−
> [Co (C 2 O 4 ) ]
3
3−
(2) [Co (C 2 O4 )3 ]
3−
> [CoF 6 ]
3−
> [FeF 6 ]
3−
(3) [FeF 6]
3−
> [Co (C 2 O 4 ) ]
3
3−
> [CoF 6 ]
3−
(4) [CoF 6]
3−
> [FeF 6 ]
3−
> [Co (C 2 O 4 ) ]
3
3−
Q83. The denticity of the ligand present in the Fehling's reagent is _____ . 29 Jan 2023 (E)
Q86. How many of the following metal ions have similar value of spin only magnetic moment in gaseous state?
________
(Given: Atomic number: V, 23; Cr, 24; Fe, 26; Ni, 28)
V
3+
, Cr
3+
, Fe
2+
, Ni
3+
25 Jan 2023 (M)
Q87. Total number of moles of AgCl precipitated on addition of excess of AgNO to one mole each of the following 3
3− 2+
[Fe(CN) 6 ] and [Fe (H 2 O) ]
6
B [Co (NH 3 ) ]
6
3+
II. 475
C [Co(CN) 6 ]
3−
III. 535
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D [Cu (H 2 O) ]
4
2+
IV. 600
Q90. The primary and secondary valencies of cobalt respectively in [Co(NH 3 )5 Cl] Cl 2 are: 24 Jan 2023 (M)
(1) 3 and 5 (2) 2 and 6
(3) 2 and 8 (4) 3 and 6
Q93. Which of the following cannot be explained by crystal field theory? 24 Jan 2023 (E)
(1) The order of spectrochemical series
(2) Magnetic properties of transition metal complexes
(3) Colour of metal complexes
(4) Stability of metal complexes
Q94. Sum of oxidation state (magnitude) and coordination number of cobalt in Na[Co(bpy) Cl ] is 4
Q96. Octahedral complexes of copper (II) undergo structural distortion (Jahn-Teller). Which one of the given
copper (II) complexes will show the maximum structural distortion?
(en-ethylenediamine; H 2N − CH 2 − CH 2 − NH 2 ) 29 Jul 2022 (E)
(1) [Cu (H 2 O) 6 ] SO 4 (2) [Cu(en)(H 2 O) 4 ] SO 4
B [Ni (CN) ]
4
2−
II sp
3
d
2
C [Co (CN) ]
6
3−
III d
2
sp
3
D [CoF 6 ]
3−
IV dsp
2
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Q98. Total number of relatively more stable isomer(s) possible for octahedral complex [Cu (en) 2
(SCN) ]
2
will
be____ 28 Jul 2022 (M)
Q100. Fe 3+
cation gives a prussian blue precipitate on addition of potassium ferrocyanide solution due to the
formation of 27 Jul 2022 (E)
(1) [Fe (H 2 O) 6 ]
2
[Fe (CN) ]
6
(2) Fe 2 [Fe (CN) ]
6 2
Q101. Low oxidation state of metals in their complexes are common when ligands 27 Jul 2022 (E)
(1) have good π-accepting character (2) have good σ-donor character
(3) are havind good π-donating ability (4) are havind poor σ-donating ability
Q102. The spin only magnetic moment of the complex present in Fehling's reagent is____B. M. (Round off your
answer to the nearest integer) 27 Jul 2022 (E)
Q103. The difference between spin only magnetic moment values of [Co (H 2 O) 6 ] Cl 2 and [Cr (H 2 O) 6 ] Cl 3 is
26 Jul 2022 (M)
Q104. The metal complex that is diamagnetic is (Atomic number : Fe, 26; Cu, 29) 26 Jul 2022 (E)
(1) K 3 [Cu (CN) ]
4
(2) K 2 [Cu (CN) ]
4
The spin-only magnetic moment value of the complex that absorbs light with shortest wavelength is B.M.
(Nearest integer)
25 Jul 2022 (M)
Q107. The correct order of energy of absorption for the following metal complexes is
2+ 2+ 2+
A : [Ni (en) ] , B : [Ni (NH 3 ) ] , C : [Ni (H 2 O) ]
3 6 6
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If two equivalents of AgCl precipitate out, then the value of x will be ______. 29 Jun 2022 (E)
Among the given complexes, number of paramagnetic complexes is 28 Jun 2022 (E)
Statement II : [NiCl 4 ]
2−
and [Ni (CO) ]
4
both have same d-electron configuration, have same geometry and
are paramagnetic.
In light the above statements, choose the correct answer form the options given below
28 Jun 2022 (M)
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are true. (2) Statement I is correct but statement II is false.
(3) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is true. (4) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
Q113. Number of complexes which will exhibit synergic bonding amongst, [Cr (CO) 6
], [Mn (CO) ]
5
and
[Mn 2 (CO)
10
] is 28 Jun 2022 (M)
Q114. (a) CoCl 3. 4 NH 3 , (b) CoCl 3 ⋅ 5 NH 3 , (c) CoCl 3 ⋅ 6 NH 3 and (d) CoCl (NO 3 )2 ⋅ 5 NH 3
Q115. Arrange the following coordination compounds in the increasing order of magnetic moments. (Atomic
numbers: Mn = 25; Fe = 26)
A. [FeF 6]
3−
B. [Fe (CN) 6
]
3−
C. [MnCl 6]
3−
(high spin) D. [Mn (CN) 6
]
3−
Q116. Which of the following will have maximum stabilization due to crystal field? 27 Jun 2022 (M)
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(1) [Ti (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
(2) [Co (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
Q117. The spin-only magnetic moment value of an octahedral complex among CoCl 3 ⋅ 4 NH 3 , NiCl 2 ⋅ 6H 2 O and
PtCl 4 ⋅ 2 HCl , which upon reaction with excess of AgNO gives 2 moles of AgCl is_____B.M. (Nearest 3
Q119. White precipitate of AgCl dissolves in aqueous ammonia solution due to formation of 25 Jun 2022 (M)
(1) [Ag (NH 3 )4 ] Cl 2 (2) [Ag (Cl) 2
(NH 3 ) ]
2
Q121. If [Cu (H 2 O) ]
4
2+
absorbs a light of wavelength 600 nm for d − d transition, then the value of octahedral
crystal field splitting energy for [Cu (H 2 O) ]
6
2+
will be____×10 −21
J [Nearest integer] (Given:
h = 6. 63 × 10
−34
Js and c = 3. 08 × 10 8
ms
−1
) 25 Jun 2022 (M)
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
24 Jun 2022 (M)
(1) (A) − (II), (B) − (IV), (C) − (I), (D) − (III) (2) (A) − (III), (B) − (IV), (C) − (I), (D) − (II)
(3) (A) − (III), (B) − (I), (C) − (IV), (D) − (II) (4) (A) − (II), (B) − (I), (C) − (IV), (D) − (III)
Q123. Transition metal complex with highest value of crystal field splitting (Δ 0) will be 24 Jun 2022 (E)
(1) [Mo (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
(2) [Cr (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
(3) [Os (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
(4) [Fe (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
Q125. The sum of oxidation states of two silver ions in [Ag (NH 3 ) 2 ][Ag(CN) 2 ] complex is _____ . 01 Sep 2021 (E)
Q126. The Crystal Field Stabilization Energy (CFSE) and magnetic moment (spin-only) of an octahedral aqua
complex of a metal ion (M Z+
) are −0. 8Δ and 3. 87 BM, respectively. Identify (M
0
Z+
) : 01 Sep 2021 (E)
(1) V 3+
(2) Co 2
+
(3) Cr 3+
(4) Mn 4+
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Q129. 1 mol of an octahedral metal complex with formula MCl 3 ⋅ 2 L on reaction with excess of AgNO gives 3
1 mol of AgCl. The denticity of Ligand L is___________ (Integer answer) 27 Aug 2021 (M)
Q130. Acidic ferric chloride solution on treatment with excess of potassium ferrocyanide gives a Prussian blue
coloured colloidal species. It is: 27 Aug 2021 (M)
(1) HFe[Fe(CN) 6] (2) K 5 Fe [Fe(CN) 6 ]
2
(3) Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]
3
(4) KFe[Fe(CN) 6]
(3) precipitate of Cr 2 O 3 (H 2 O)
n
(4) precipitate of Cr(OH) 3
Q133. Which one of the following complexes is violet in colour? 26 Aug 2021 (M)
(1) Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]
3
⋅ H2 O (2) [Fe(CN) 5 NOS]
4−
(3) [Fe(SCN) 6]
4−
(4) [Fe(CN) 6]
4−
Q134. Arrange the following Cobalt complexes in the order of increasing Crystal Field Stabilization Energy (CFSE)
value.
3− 2+ 3+ 3+
Q135. Indicate the complex/complex ion which did not show any geometrical isomerism : 26 Aug 2021 (E)
(1) [Co (NH 3 )4 Cl 2 ]
+
(2) [Co (NH 3 ) 3 (NO 2 ) 3 ]
Q136. The overall stability constant of the complex ion [Cu (NH 3 )4 ]
2+
is 2. 1 × 10 13
. The overall dissociation
constant is y × 10 −14
. Then y is (Nearest integer) 26 Aug 2021 (E)
Q137. The type of hybridisation and magnetic property of the complex [MnCl 6]
3−
, respectively, are:
27 Jul 2021 (M)
(1) sp 3
d
2
and diamagnetic (2) d 2
sp
3
and diamagnetic
(3) d 2
sp
3
and paramagnetic (4) sp 3
d
2
and paramagnetic
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Q139. 3 moles of metal complex with formula Co(en) 2 Cl 3 gives 3 moles of silver chloride on treatment with
excess of silver nitrate. The secondary valency of Co in the complex is (Round off to the nearest integer)
27 Jul 2021 (E)
(3) 2, 1, 2, 2 (4) 2, 1, 2, 1
Q141. The number of geometrical isomers possible in triamminetrinitrocobalt (III) is X and in trioxalatochromate
(III) is Y. Then the value of X + Y is ____. 27 Jul 2021 (M)
Q142. Three moles of AgCl get precipitated when one mole of an octahedral co-ordination compound with
empirical formula CrCl 3. 3 NH 3 . 3H 2 O reacts with excess of silver nitrate. The number of chloride ions
satisfying the secondary valency of the metal ion is ______ . 25 Jul 2021 (M)
Q143. Which one of the following metal complexes is most stable? 25 Jul 2021 (E)
(1) [Co(en)(NH 3 )4 ] Cl 2 (2) [Co(en) 3] Cl 2
Q144. Which one of the following species responds to an external magnetic field? 25 Jul 2021 (M)
(1) [Fe (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
(2) [Ni (CN) 4
]
2−
Q145. The total number of unpaired electrons present in [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ]Cl 2 and [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ]Cl 3 is 22 Jul 2021 (M)
Q146. According to the valence bond theory the hybridization of central metal atom is dsp for which one of the 2
Q147. The spin-only magnetic moment value for the complex [Co(CN) 6]
4−
is...... BM. (nearest integer value) [At.
no. of Co = 27] 20 Jul 2021 (M)
Q148. An aqueous solution of NiCl was heated with excess sodium cyanide in presence of strong oxidizing agent
2
to form [Ni(CN) 6]
2−
. The total change in number of unpaired electrons on metal centre is ___________.
20 Jul 2021 (E)
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Q150. The correct order of intensity of colors of the compounds is: 20 Jul 2021 (M)
(1) [Ni(CN) 4]
2−
> [NiCl 4 ]
2−
> [Ni (H 2 O) ]
6
2+
(2) [Ni (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
> [NiCl 4 ]
2−
> [Ni(CN) 4 ]
2−
(3) [NiCl 4]
2−
> [Ni (H 2 O) ]
6
2+
> [Ni(CN) 4 ]
2−
(4) [NiCl 4]
2−
> [Ni(CN) 4 ]
2−
> [Ni (H 2 O) ]
6
2+
Q152. The secondary valency and the number of hydrogen bonded water molecule(s) in CuSO 4 ⋅ 5H 2 O
Q153. The total number of unpaired electrons present in the complex K 3 [Cr(oxalate) 3 ] is______. 18 Mar 2021 (M)
(3) (4)
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(1) (a) − (iii), (b) − (i), (c) − (ii), (d) − (iv) (2) (a )-( iv), (b) − (ii), (c) − (iii), (d) − (i)
(3) (a )-( ii ), ( b )-( i ), ( c )-( iii ), ( d )-( iv) (4) (a) − (i), (b) − (ii), (c) − (iii), (d) − (iv)
Q156. What is the spin-only magnetic moment value (B.M.) of a divalent metal ion with atomic number 25, in
its aqueous solution? 17 Mar 2021 (M)
(1) 5. 92 (2) 5. 0
(3) zero (4) 5. 26
Q157. On complete reaction of FeCl 3 with oxalic acid in aqueous solution containing KOH , resulted in the
formation of product A . The secondary valency of Fe in the product A is ____. (Round off to the Nearest
Integer). 17 Mar 2021 (E)
Q158. [Ti (H 2 O) 6 ]
3+
absorbs light of wavelength 498 nm during a d − d transition. The octahedral splitting energy
for the above complex is _______ ×10 −19
J. (Round off to the Nearest Integer).
h = 6. 626 × 10
−34
Js; c = 3 × 10
8
ms
−1
. 16 Mar 2021 (E)
Q159. The equivalents of ethylene diamine required to replace the neutral ligands from the coordination sphere of
the trans-complex of CoCl 3. 4 NH 3 is _______ . (Round off to the Nearest Integer). 16 Mar 2021 (M)
Q160. Arrange the following metal complex/ compounds in the increasing order of spin only magnetic moment.
Presume all the three, high spin system.
(Atomic numbers Ce = 58, Gd = 64 and Eu = 63.)
(a) (NH 4 ) 2 [Ce (NO 3 ) ]
6
(b) Gd (NO 3 )3 and (c) Eu (NO 3 )3
Q164. In which of the following order the given complex ions are arranged correctly with respect to their decreasing
spin only magnetic moment?
(i) [FeF 6]
3−
(ii) [Co (NH 3 )6 ]
3+
(iii) [NiCl 4]
2−
(iv) [Cu (NH 3 )4 ]
2+
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Q166. The spin only magnetic moment of a divalent ion in aqueous solution (atomic number 29) is ___ BM.
25 Feb 2021 (E)
Q167. The calculated magnetic moments (spin only value) for species [FeCl 4]
2−
, [Co (C 2 O 4 ) ]
3
3−
and MnO 2−
4
Q169. For a d metal ion in an octahedral field, the correct electronic configuration is :
4
06 Sep 2020 (E)
(1) t 3
2g
e
1
g
when Δ O < P (2) t 3
2g
e
1
g
when Δ O > P
(3) t 4
2g
eg
0
when Δ O < P (4) e 2
g
t
2
2g
when Δ O < P
Q171. The values of the crystal field stabilization energies for a high spin d metal ion in octahedral and tetrahedral 6
Q172. Considering that Δ 0 > P , the magnetic moment (in BM) of [Ru (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
would be 05 Sep 2020 (E)
Q174. The pair in which both the species have the same magnetic moment (spin only) is: 04 Sep 2020 (M)
(1) [Cr (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
and [Fe (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
(2) [Co (OH) 4
]
2–
and [Fe (NH 3 )6 ]
2+
(3) [Mn (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
and [Cr (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
(4) [Cr (H 2 O) 6 ]
2+
and [CoCl 4]
2–
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Q176. The number of isomers possible for [Pt(en)(NO 2 )2 ] is: 04 Sep 2020 (M)
(1) 2 (2) 4
(3) 1 (4) 3
Q177. The one that can exhibit highest paramagnetic behaviour among the following is : gly = glycinato;
bpy = 2, 2 − ' bipyridine 04 Sep 2020 (E)
(1) [Pd(gly) 2] (2) [Fe(en)(bpy)(NH 3 )2 ]
2*
Q178. Complex A has a composition of H 12 O 6 Cl 3 Cr . If the complex on treatment with conc. H 2 SO 4 loses 13. 5%
of its original mass, the correct molecular formulas of A is:
[Given : atomic mass of Cr = 52 amu and CI = 35 amu] 03 Sep 2020 (E)
(1) [Cr(H 2 O 6 ] Cl 3 (2) [Cr (H 2 O) 3 Cl 3 ] ⋅ 3H 2 O
The crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) of the complex ion, in kJmol −1
, is : (1 kJmol −1
= 83. 7 cm
−1
)
Q180. The d-electron configuration of [Ru(en) 3] Cl 2 , and [Fe (H 2 O) 6 ] Cl 2 respectively are: 03 Sep 2020 (E)
(1) t 6
2g
e
0
g
and t
6
2g
e
0
g
(2) t 4
2g
e
2
g
and t
6
2g
e
0
g
(3) t 6
2g
0
e g and t
4
2g
eg
2
(4) t 4
2g
2
e g and t
4
2g
eg
2
Q181. The complex that can show optical activity is : 03 Sep 2020 (M)
(1) trans −[Cr (Cl 2 )(Ox) 2 ]
3−
(2) trans − [Fe (NH 3 ) 2 (CN) 4 ]
−
Q182. The oxidation states of iron atoms in compounds (A), (B) and (C), respectively, are x, y and z. Then sum of
x, y and z is ........... Na 4 [Fe (CN) (NOS)] Na 4 [FeO 4 ] [Fe 2 (CO) ]
5 9
02 Sep 2020 (M)
(A) (B) (C)
Q183. Simplified absorption spectra of three complexes ((i) and (ii) and (iii)) of M
+n
ion are provided below; their
λ max values are marked as A, B and C respectively. The correct match between the complexes and their λ max
values is:
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(i) [M(NCS) 6]
(−6+n)
(ii) [MF 6]
(−6+n)
(iii) [M(NH 3 )6 ]
n+
(3) A − (ii), (B) − (iii), C − (i) (4) A − (i), (B) − (ii), C − (iii)
Q184. For octahedral Mn(II) and tetrahedral Ni(II) complexes, consider the following statements :
(I) both the complexes can be high spin.
(II) Ni(II) complex can very rarely be of low spin.
(III) with strong field ligands, Mn(II) complexes can be low spin.
(IV) aqueous solution of Mn(II) ions is yellow in color.
The correct statements are :
02 Sep 2020 (M)
(1) (I) and (II) only (2) (I), (II) and (IV) only
(3) (I), (II) and (III) only (4) (II), (III) and (IV) only
Q185. The one that is not expected to show isomerism is: 02 Sep 2020 (E)
(1) [Ni (NH 3 ) 4 (H 2 O) 2 ]
2+
(2) [Ni(en) 3]
2+
Q187. Complex X Of composition Cr(H 2 O) 6 Cl n Has a spin only magnetic moment of 3.83 B. M. It reacts with
AgNO
3
And shows geometrical isomerism. The IUPAC nomenclature of X Is: 09 Jan 2020 (M)
(1) Hexaaqua chromium(III) chloride
(2) Tetraaquadichlorido chromium(IV) chloride dihydrate
(3) Dichloridotetraaqua chromium(IV) chloride dihydrate
(4) Tetraaquadichlorido chromium(III) chloride dihydrate
Q188. The correct order of the spin-only magnetic moments of the following complexes is:
(I) [Cr(H 2 O) ]Br 2 (II) Na 4 [Fe(CN) ] (III) Na 3 [Fe(C 2 O 4 ) ](Δ 0 > P) (IV) (Et 4 N) [CoCl 4 ]
6 6 3 2
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Q189. [Pd(F)(Cl)(Br)(I)] 2−
has n number of geometrical isomers. Then, the spin-only magnetic moment and
crystal field stabilization energy [CFSE] of [Fe(CN) 6
]
n−6
, respectively, are:
[Note: Ignore the pairing energy] 09 Jan 2020 (M)
(1) 2.84 BM and −16Δ 0 (2) 5.92 BM and 0
(3) 1.73 BM and −2.0Δ 0 (4) 0 BM and −2.4Δ 0
Q191. The complex that can show f ac - and mer -isomers is: 08 Jan 2020 (M)
(1) [Co(NH 3 ) 4 Cl 2 ]
+
(2) [Pt(NH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 ]
Q192. Among (a) − (d), the complexes that can show geometrical isomerism are:
+ − 2+
(a) [P t(N H 3 ) Cl] (b) [P t(N H 3 )Cl 5 ] (c) [P t(N H 3 ) Cl(N O 2 )] (d) [P t(N H 3 ) ClBr]
3 2 4
Q193. Complexes (M L 5) of metals N i and F e have ideal square pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal geometries,
respectively. The sum of the 90 o
, 120
o
and 180 o
L − M − L angles in the two complexes is_______
08 Jan 2020 (E)
Q194. The correct order of the calculated spin-only magnetic moments of complexes (A) to (D) is:
(A) N i(CO)
4
(B) [N i(H 2 O) ]Cl 2
6
(C) N a 2 [N i(CN ) ]
4
(D) P dCl 2 (P P h 3 )
2
08 Jan 2020 (E)
(1) (A) ≈ (C) < (B) ≈ (D) (2) (C) < (D) < (B) < (A)
(3) (C) ≈ (D) < (B) < (A) (4) (A) ≈ (C) ≈ (D) < (B)
Q195. The IUPAC name of the complex [Pt(NH 3 ) 2 Cl(NH 2 CH 3 )]Cl is 07 Jan 2020 (M)
(1) Diamminechlorido (methanamine) platinum (II) chloride
(2) Diammine(methanamine)chlorido platinum (II) chloride
(3) Diamminechlorido (aminomethane) platinum (II) chloride
(4) Bisammine (methanamine) chlorido platinum (II) chloride
Q196. The theory that can completely/properly explain the nature of bonding in [Ni (CO) ] is: 4
07 Jan 2020 (M)
(1) Werner's theory (2) Molecular orbital theory
(3) Crystal field theory (4) Valence bond theory
Q197. Among the statements (a) − (d) , the incorrect ones are:
(a) Octahedral Co(III) complexes with strong field ligands have very high magnetic moments
(b) When Δ 0 < P , the d-electron configuration of Co(III) in an octahedral complex is t 4
eg
e
2
g
(d) If the Δ for an octahedral complex of Co(III) is 18,000cm , the Δ for its tetrahedral complex with the
0
−1
t
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(1) (a) and (d) only (2) (c) and (d) only
(3) (a) and (b) only (4) (b) and (c) only
Q198. The number of possible optical isomers for the complexes MA 2 B2 with sp and dsp hybridized metal atom,
3 2
respectively, is:
Note: A and B are unidentate neutral and unidentate monoanionic ligands, respectively. 07 Jan 2020 (E)
(1) 0 and 2 (2) 2 and 2
(3) 0 and 0 (4) 0 and 1
Q200. The compound used in the treatment of lead poisoning is: 12 Apr 2019 (E)
(1) Desferrioxime B (2) EDTA
(3) Cis-platin (4) D−penicillamine
Q201. Complete removal of both the axial ligands (along the z − axis ) from an octahedral complex leads to which
of the following splitting patterns? (relative orbital energies not on scale). 12 Apr 2019 (M)
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
Q202. The complex ion that will lose its crystal field stabilization energy upon oxidation
of metal to +3 state is:
(3) [Co(phen) 3
]
2+
(4) [Zn (phen) 3
]
2+
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absorb light in the visible region. The correct order of the wavelength of light absorbed by them is:
10 Apr 2019 (M)
(1) (II) > (I) > (III) (2) (III) > (II) > (I)
(3) (I) > (II) > (III) (4) (III) > (I) > (II)
Q205. The crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) of [Fe(H 2 O) 6 ]Cl 2 and K 2 [NiCl 4 ], respectively, are:
10 Apr 2019 (E)
(1) −0.4 Δ 0 and −1.2Δ t (2) −2.4Δ and −1.2Δ 0 t
Q208. The maximum possible denticities of a ligand given below towards a common transition and inner-transition
metal ion, respectively, are:
09 Apr 2019 (E)
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(1) (2)
(3) (4)
Q211. The calculated spin-only magnetic moments (BM) of the anionic and cationic species of [Fe(H 2 O) 6 ]
+2
and
[Fe (CN) ]
6
4−
respectively, are: 08 Apr 2019 (E)
(1) 0 and 4.9 (2) 2.84 and 5.92
(3) 4.9 and 0 (4) 0 and 5.92
Q213. The compound that inhibits the growth of tumors is: 08 Apr 2019 (E)
(1) trans − [Pt(Cl) 2
(NH 3 ) ]
2
(2) cis − [Pt(Cl) (NH 3 ) ]
2 2
Q214. The correct order of the spin –only magnetic moment of metal ions in the following low-spin complexes,
[V(CN) ]
6
4−
, [Fe(CN) ]
6
4−
, [Ru(NH 3 ) ]
6
3+
and [Cr(NH 3
) ]
6
2+
, is: 08 Apr 2019 (M)
(1) 2
V + > Cr
2+
> Ru
3+
> Fe
2+
(2) Cr 2+
> V + > Ru
2 3+
> Fe
2+
(3) Cr 2+
> Ru
3+
> Fe
2+
> V
2+
(4) V 2+
> Ru
3+
> Cr
2+
> Fe
2+
Q215. The pair of metal ions that can give a spin only magnetic moment of 3.9 BM for the complex [M (H 2
O) ]Cl 2
6
(3) Cr 2+
and M n 2+
(4) V 2+
and Co 2+
Q216. The metal's d− orbitals that are directly facing the ligands in K 3
[Co(CN ) ]
6
are: 12 Jan 2019 (M)
(1) d xy
, d xz and d yz
(2) d x −y
2 2 and d z
2
(3) d xy and d x −y
2 2 (4) d xz , d yz and d z
2
Q217. The magnetic moment of an octahedral homoleptic Mn(II) complex is 5 .9 B. M. . The suitable ligand for
this complex is: 12 Jan 2019 (E)
(1) CN −
(2) CO
(3) Ethylenediamine (4) N CS −
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Q218. M n 2 (CO) 10 is an organometallic compound due to the presence of: 12 Jan 2019 (M)
(1) M n − O bond (2) M n − M n bond
(3) C − O bond (4) M n − C bond
4
= oxalato ) 11 Jan 2019 (E)
(1) 14 (2) 6
(3) 8 (4) 10
Q220. Match the metals (column I) with the coordination compound(s)/enzyme(s) (column II) :
11 Jan 2019 (M)
(1) (A)-(iii); (B)-(iv); (C)-(i); (D)-(ii) (2) (A)-(i); (B)-(ii); (C)-(iii); (D)-(iv)
(3) (A)-(ii); (B)-(i); (C)-(iv); (D)-(iii) (4) (A)-(iv); (B)-(iii); (C)-(i); (D)-(ii)
Q221. The number of bridging CO ligand(s) and Co-Co bond(s) in Co 2 (CO) 8 , respectively are: 11 Jan 2019 (E)
(1) 2 and 1 (2) 2 and 0
(3) 0 and 2 (4) 4 and 0
(3) [(Ph 3 P)
3
IrCl] (4) [(Et 3 P)
3
RhCl]
Q223. The difference in the number of unpaired electrons of a metal ion in its high-spin and low-spin octahedral
complexes is two. The metal ion is: 10 Jan 2019 (E)
(1) Fe 2+
(2) Co 2+
(3) Ni 2+
(4) Mn 2+
Q224. The total number of isomers for a square planar complex: [MCl(F)(NO 2 )(SCN)] is: 10 Jan 2019 (M)
(1) 12 (2) 16
(3) 4 (4) 8
Q225. A reaction of cobalt (III) chloride and ethylenediamine in a 1 : 2 mole ratio generates two isomeric products
A (violet-coloured) and B (green-coloured). A can show optical activity, but, B is optically inactive. What
type of isomers do A and B represent? 10 Jan 2019 (E)
(1) Coordination isomers (2) Linkage isomers
(3) Ionisation isomers (4) Geometrical isomers
absorb wavelengths in the region of green, blue and red respectively. The increasing order of the ligand
strength is: 09 Jan 2019 (E)
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Q227. The complex that has highest crystal field splitting energy (Δ) , is: 09 Jan 2019 (E)
(1) K 3 [Co(CN ) 6 ] (2) [Co(N H 3 ) 5 Cl ] Cl 2
Q228. Two complexes [Cr (H 2 O) 6 ] Cl 3 (A) and [Cr (NH 3 )6 ] Cl 3 (B) are violet and yellow coloured, respectively,
The incorrect statement regarding them is: 09 Jan 2019 (M)
(1) Both are paramagnetic with three unpaired electrons
(2) Δ value of (A) is less than that of (B)
0
(3) Δ values of (A) and (B) are calculated from the energies violet and yellow light, respectively.
0
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ANSWER KEYS
1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (1) 5. (3) 6. (1) 7. (2) 8. (2)
9. (2) 10. (2) 11. (3) 12. (4) 13. (4) 14. (3) 15. (2) 16. (3)
17. (2) 18. (3) 19. (2) 20. (3) 21. (1) 22. (3) 23. (1) 24. (1)
25. (2) 26. (2) 27. (4) 28. (4) 29. (4) 30. (3) 31. (3) 32. (4)
33. (1) 34. (1) 35. (2) 36. (1) 37. (4) 38. (4) 39. (3) 40. (1)
41. (0) 42. (4) 43. (1) 44. (2) 45. (2) 46. (4) 47. (1) 48. (4)
49. (2) 50. (1) 51. (3) 52. (1) 53. (4) 54. (1) 55. (2) 56. (1)
57. (4) 58. (1) 59. (1) 60. (3) 61. (3) 62. (4) 63. (10) 64. (3)
65. (3) 66. (1) 67. (4) 68. (4) 69. (3) 70. (1) 71. (1) 72. (6)
73. (3) 74. (3) 75. (1) 76. (480) 77. (2) 78. (4) 79. (1) 80. (2)
81. (2) 82. (1) 83. (4) 84. (0) 85. (1) 86. (2) 87. (5) 88. (4)
89. (2) 90. (4) 91. (7) 92. (3) 93. (1) 94. (9) 95. (2) 96. (1)
97. (2) 98. (3) 99. (3) 100. (4) 101. (1) 102. (2) 103. (0) 104. (1)
105. (4) 106. (0) 107. (1) 108. (5) 109. (3) 110. (6) 111. (2) 112. (4)
113. (3) 114. (1) 115. (2) 116. (3) 117. (3) 118. (6) 119. (3) 120. (2)
121. (766) 122. (2) 123. (3) 124. (7) 125. (2) 126. (2) 127. (1) 128. (4)
129. (2) 130. (4) 131. (2) 132. (3) 133. (2) 134. (2) 135. (3) 136. (5)
137. (4) 138. (4) 139. (6) 140. (2) 141. (2) 142. (0) 143. (2) 144. (1)
145. (1) 146. (2) 147. (2) 148. (2) 149. (3) 150. (3) 151. (2) 152. (2)
153. (3) 154. (4) 155. (1) 156. (1) 157. (6) 158. (4) 159. (2) 160. (4)
161. (0) 162. (3) 163. (2) 164. (3) 165. (2) 166. (2) 167. (1) 168. (4)
169. (1) 170. (6) 171. (1) 172. (0) 173. (4) 174. (1) 175. (2) 176. (4)
177. (3) 178. (4) 179. (4) 180. (3) 181. (4) 182. (6) 183. (1) 184. (3)
185. (3) 186. (2) 187. (4) 188. (3) 189. (3) 190. (4) 191. (4) 192. (3)
193. (20) 194. (4) 195. (1) 196. (2) 197. (1) 198. (3) 199. (3) 200. (2)
201. (4) 202. (2) 203. (3) 204. (3) 205. (3) 206. (4) 207. (1) 208. (4)
209. (4) 210. (3) 211. (1) 212. (4) 213. (2) 214. (1) 215. (4) 216. (2)
217. (4) 218. (4) 219. (4) 220. (1) 221. (1) 222. (2) 223. (2) 224. (1)
225. (4) 226. (3) 227. (1) 228. (3)
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