Dr.
APJ Abdul Kalam: The People's President and Visionary Scientist
Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, widely known as the “People’s President,” was an
Indian aerospace scientist, educator, author, and the 11th President of India, serving from
2002 to 2007. His life and contributions continue to inspire millions, both in India and
worldwide. Born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he came from a humble
background, the son of a boat owner, and his early life was marked by modesty, hard work,
and a deep passion for learning. He overcame financial challenges through perseverance and
focus, eventually becoming one of India’s most distinguished scientists and leaders.
Early Life and Education
Abdul Kalam was born in a small village in Tamil Nadu, where his family struggled
financially but placed a strong emphasis on education. Kalam's parents, particularly his
father, Jainulabdeen, instilled in him a love for learning and a deep sense of spirituality. His
primary education was in Rameswaram, where he displayed a keen interest in mathematics
and science from a young age. Despite financial constraints, Kalam was determined to pursue
his dreams, and he earned a degree in Physics from St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli,
before moving to the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) to study aerospace engineering.
At MIT, Kalam’s passion for technology and innovation took shape, and he began his career
in the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). His time at ISRO and his later work with
the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) would become pivotal in
India’s advancements in space exploration and defense technology.
Career as a Scientist and Engineer
Dr. Kalam’s contributions to India's aerospace and defense sectors are legendary. After
completing his education, Kalam joined the Indian National Committee for Space Research
(INCOSPAR) in 1962, under the leadership of Dr. Vikram Sarabhai. Kalam's first major role
was in the development of India’s first satellite launch vehicle, SLV-3, which successfully
placed the Rohini satellite in orbit in 1980, marking a significant milestone in India’s space
history.
Dr. Kalam’s career reached new heights as he became the Director of the Integrated Guided
Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) in 1983. Under his leadership, India developed
its own missiles, such as the Agni and Prithvi missiles, which positioned the country as a
nuclear-capable power and significantly strengthened its defense capabilities. His work on
missile technology earned him the nickname “Missile Man of India,” a title he wore with
great pride. His research and dedication made India self-reliant in missile and rocket
technology, paving the way for further advancements in space science and defense.
One of Dr. Kalam's major achievements was his leadership in India's nuclear program,
particularly during the successful nuclear tests conducted in 1998 at Pokhran. These tests
were a defining moment for India’s strategic defense and established Kalam as a national
hero.
Presidency and Contributions to Nation Building
In 2002, Dr. Kalam was elected as the President of India. His presidency was marked by a
deep sense of humility, accessibility, and a commitment to the development of the nation.
Unlike many of his predecessors, Kalam was known for his simple, down-to-earth
personality. He preferred to be addressed as "People's President," and he maintained close
contact with the masses. He visited schools and colleges, inspiring young minds to take up
science, technology, and nation-building roles.
During his tenure, Dr. Kalam emphasized the importance of youth participation in the
nation's progress. His vision for India’s future was encapsulated in his dream of transforming
India into a developed nation by the year 2020. He laid out his vision through his book, India
2020: A Vision for the New Millennium, which outlined specific goals for India’s economic
and technological development. He believed that India could achieve greatness by focusing
on innovation, self-reliance, and an unwavering commitment to education.
Dr. Kalam’s presidency also witnessed his role as a mediator and guide in the nation’s
political landscape, where he remained neutral and above party politics. He strongly believed
in the power of democracy, governance, and national unity.
Life After Presidency: Teaching and Mentoring
After completing his term as President, Dr. Kalam continued to be actively involved in
education and inspiring future leaders. He took on roles as a visiting professor at various
universities, where he focused on mentoring students and encouraging them to think
creatively and develop their problem-solving skills. Dr. Kalam was a passionate advocate of
youth empowerment and believed that the future of India lay in the hands of its younger
generation.
He spent his post-presidential years traveling across India and abroad, giving motivational
lectures and interacting with students, scientists, and leaders. His simple yet profound
thoughts on leadership, education, and technology had a lasting impact on all who heard him
speak.
Dr. Kalam’s passion for scientific research and education was evident in his efforts to
develop India’s technological capabilities, even after stepping down from the presidency. He
actively engaged with students through his speeches and writing, encouraging them to dream
big and pursue their goals with determination.
Writings and Legacy
Dr. Kalam was also a prolific author, writing several books that shared his life’s lessons,
scientific thoughts, and vision for India. Some of his best-known books include Wings of
Fire, an autobiography that chronicles his journey from a small town to becoming a leading
scientist and the President of India; Ignited Minds, which focuses on the potential of India’s
youth; and The Life Tree, which reflects his spiritual beliefs and connection with nature.
His influence extends beyond the borders of India. Dr. Kalam is often regarded as a global
ambassador for peace, science, and technology, and his work in the field of space and defense
has earned him numerous national and international accolades. He was awarded the Bharat
Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor, in 1997, among many other prestigious awards during
his lifetime.
Death and Legacy
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam passed away on July 27, 2015, while delivering a lecture to students at
the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. His sudden death was a shock to the nation, but
it was a fitting end for a man who lived for the progress of others. In his final moments, he
was doing what he loved most: inspiring the next generation.
Dr. Kalam’s life remains a beacon of hope, hard work, and dedication. His legacy is not just
in the scientific advancements he helped bring to life but in the hearts of millions of Indians
who look up to him as a role model for integrity, humility, and patriotism. Dr. Kalam’s
message for the youth of India—“dream, dream, dream”—continues to resonate as a
reminder of the power of vision and action in shaping the future of nations.
