Gabarito dos exercícios
01- “You are a lamb.” The connotations for the word “lamb” could include:
a) Rude and short
b) Gentle and sweet
c) Good and tall
d) Evil and strange
02- Flowers are popular gifts. The underlined word flowers has a:
a) Connotation meaning
b) Literal meaning
c) Metaphor meaning
d) Figurative meaning
03- The test was so easy! It was a piece of cake! The underlined expression piece of
cake has a:
a) Figurative meaning
b) Literal meaning
c) Dictionary meaning
d) Denotative meaning
04- He had to raise all his 3 children by himself. He is a fighter. The underlined word
fighter has a:
a) Dictionary meaning
b) Connotation meaning
c) Literal meaning
d) Denotative meaning
05- My sister lives in another country, so I see her once in a blue moon. The underlined
expression once in a blue moon means:
a) Never
b) Always
c) Hardly ever
d) Once a week
06- All the sentences below have a connotation meaning, except:
a) He saw a dangerous snake inside the house.
b) They were feeling blue because of the result.
c) You are successful. You are a firework!
d) You got it all right. You are on fire!
(ESPCEX 2020)
Read the text and answer question 07 related to it.
Are any foods safe to eat anymore? The fears and the facts
Food was once seen as a source of sustenance and pleasure. Today, the dinner
table can instead begin to feel like a minefield. Is bacon really a risk factor of cancer?
Will coffee or eggs give you a heart attack? Does wheat contribute to Alzheimer’s
disease? Will dairy products clog up your arteries? Worse still, the advice changes
continually. As TV-cook Nigella Lawson recently put it: “You can guarantee that what
people think will be good for you this year, they won’t next year.”
This may be somewhat inevitable: evidence-based health advice should be
constantly updated as new studies explore the nuances of what we eat and the effects
the meals have on our bodies. But when the media (and ill-informed health gurus)
exaggerate the results of a study without providing the context, it can lead to
unnecessary fears that may, ironically, push you towards less healthy choices.
The good news is that “next year” you may be pleased to learn that many of your
favourite foods are not the ticking time bomb you have been led to believe...
(Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20151029-are-any-foods-safe-to-eat-
anymore-heres-the-truth)
07- Choose the statement in which the word minefield has been used in a figurative
way just like in paragraph 1.
a) I’ve heard stories about a ghost town that has a secret minefield.
b) Princess Diana walked through an active minefield in Angola.
c) The rhetoric of the legal system is a minefield for the ordinary person.
d) A minefield located in the rear of the battle area must be marked.
e) Placing a minefield without marking it for later removal is a war crime.
(AFA 2015)
Read the text and answer question 08 related to it.
Jobs of the future
“There is no future in any job. The future lies in the person who holds the job.” –
George W. Crane
One of my primary complaints with higher education is that they tend to prepare
students for jobs of the past. Similarly, the best paying jobs of the future are all jobs
that currently exist today. Many of them will still exist in the future, but with some
changes as technology and communication systems make their impact.
As a rule of thumb, 60% of the jobs 10 years from now haven’t been invented
yet. With that in mind, I’ve decided to put together a list of some jobs that will be
in high demand in the future.
Jobs before 2020
Many of the changes we see today will cause new jobs to materialize quickly.
This first section deals with new positions that will likely be developed within the next
10 years.
3D printing engineers – Classes in 3D printing are already being introduced into high
schools and the demand for printer-produced products will rise quickly. The trend will
be for these worker-less workshops to enter virtually different fields, at the same
time, driving the need for competent technicians and engineers to design and
maintain the next wave of this technology.
Nano-medics – Health professionals capable of working on the nano-level, both in
designing diagnostics systems, remedies, and monitoring solutions will be in high
demand.
Organ agents – The demand for transplantable organs is exploding and people who
can track down and deliver healthy organs will be in hot demand.
Octogenarian service providers – As the population continues to age we will have
record numbers of people living into their 80s, 90s, and 100s. This growing group of
active oldsters will provide a demand for goods and services currently not being
addressed in today’s marketplace.
Jobs in 2030 and beyond
A number of technologies currently on the drawing board will require a bit
longer lead time before the industry comes into its own. Here are a few examples
of these kinds of jobs:
Body part & limb makers – The organ agents listed before will quickly find themselves
out of work as soon as we figure out how to efficiently grow and mass produce
our own organs from scratch.
Earthquake forecasters – While scientists are developing skills to work with
nanoscale precision on the earth’s surface, the best we can know about below the
surface is blindfolded guesswork done with 100-mile precision. What we don’t know
is literally killing us – over 226,000 killed in 2010 alone. But that will change over
time as we begin to understand the inner working of the earth and accurately forecast
when the next big quakes are about to hit.
“Heavy air” engineers – Compressed air is useful in a wide variety of ways. However,
we have yet to figure out how to compress streams of air as they pass through our
existing atmosphere. Once we do, it will create untold opportunity for non-surface
based housing and transportation system, weather control, and other kinds of
experimentation.
Final thoughts
The jobs and occupations listed above are just scratching the surface. This list is
intended to help stretch your imagination and start you down a path of imagining your
own future.
(Adapted from http://www.futuristspeaker.com/2011/11/55-jobs-of-the-future)
08- All the following verbs underlined in the text are used in the text in their literal
meaning, EXCEPT
a) rise
b) explode
c) age
d) kill
