Unity3D Scripting Applications

Prof. Monica Bordegoni

 2

Input.GetKey ()
• Transform.up | transform.forward | tranform.right
Returns true while the user holds down
Manipulate the object in axis
Void update()
{ • Vector3.up | Vector3.forward | Vector3.right
PrintToConsole(); Representation of 3D vector (0,1,0)
}

Void PrintToConsole()
{
If(Input.GetKey(“Space”))
{
Debug.Log(“key is pressed down”);
}
}

1) GetKey doc s :
https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/Input.GetKey.html
2) KeyC ode doc s :
https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/KeyC ode.html
Exercise 3

AddRelativeForce AddRelativeTorque
Methods 4

Exec ute bloc k of c ode that makes the game engine run multiple orders :

1. Dec lare and define method

2. C all method

Parameters
if empty, there is no void loop( ) // C alling func tion
required input
Example 01 {
Return value Type Void GrabObjec t( ) // func tion dec laration if c harac ter ( pres s ed s pac e) // Pres s ed S pac e
‘Void’ s tands for no is T rue
returning value. {
{
Go to the objec t; GrabObjec t( ) ; //C all ‘GrabObjec t’
Pic k the objec t; func tion
Bring bac k the objec t; }
} Declaring function } Calling function
Methods (Functions) 5

Example 2
Float Inc rementS c ore ( int x ) // Dec lare func tion

// func tion rec eives input of type integer return output of type float

{
float y = x+1.5 ; // add 1.5 to x and s tore it in y
return ( y) ; // return output of type float
}

void loop( )
{
int a;
IncrementScore (a) //C all func tion ‘Inc rement S c ore ’

}
 If Condition 6

Us e the if s tatement to s pec ify a bloc k c ode to be exec uted if a c ondition is True .

If (1st Condition)
{ If ( Time.time >3 )
//Execute this code block only {
Debug.Log ( “3 seconds has passed ”); //Execute this code block only
}
}

Else if (2 nd Contition ) // Check Second Condition If the first isn’t true Else If ( Time.time >5 )
{ {
//Execute code, if 2 nd condition is true Debug.Log ( “5 seconds has passed ”); //Execute this code block only
}
}
Else (Time.time >10 )
Else {
{ Debug.Log ( “ 10 seconds has passed ”); //Execute this code block only
// if no condition is true, execute code here }

}
C# Operators 7
 8

Components
Bas e c las s for everything attac hed to a GameObjec t.

C ommon Properties and methods:

1. Get Component() : us ed to c all the attac hed c omponent to the game objec t
ex.
GetC omponent<Rigidbody>( ) .us eGravity = fals e //dis able gravity for the game objec t

2. Destroy() : Method for des troying attac hed c omponent

Ex.
Des troy( GetComponent <BoxCollider >() ) // Des troy ‘Box c ollider’ s ub- c omponent

3. Tag : get game objec t by tag

Ex. 1 check tag of game object:

if( gameObjec t.tag = = “Player”)

Ex.2 Assign tag to game object

gameObjec t.tag = “hit“;

C omponents doc s : https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/C ompone nt.html
 Library Math.f 9

Common Methods:

• Ceil ... Return the s malles t integer greater than or equal to f

• Floor ... Return the larges t integer s maller than or equal to f

• Clamp … C ons trains the given values between Max & Min Values .

• Lerp … Linearly c hange the value from a to b within time t.

• Pingpong .. Return a value that inc rement and dec rement between 0 and length.

• Round … return value to the neares t integer.

• Sin …. Return the s ine of the angle.

• Max .. Return max of 2 values

• Exp … Exponential

Mathf: https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/Mathf.html

Light 10

Script interface for light components.

Important func tions :

1. .enabled // s et the light on

Ex.
GetC omponent<Light>( ) .enabled = true; //Boolean value

2. Color //c ontrol light c olor

Ex.
GetC omponent<Light>( ) .c olor = c olor.yellow; //c olor type value

3. Range\ //C ontrol light range

Ex.
GetC omponent<Light>( ) .range = 20; // float or integer value

4. Intensity //C ontrol light Intens ity

Ex.
GetC omponent<Light>( ) .intens ity = 5; // float or integer value

Light doc s : https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/20 21.3/Doc ume ntation/S c riptRefere nc e/Light.html
Audio 11

Example
Audio s ys tem C ons is ts bas ic ally of 3 elements : I. Add ‘Audio S ourc e C omponent’.
II. Drag and drop audioclip .
• Audio S ourc e [ Generate the audio] III. Dis able play on awake.
• Audio lis tener [ exis ts in c amera c omponent] IV. Drag and drop the c reated audio script on the game objec t.
V. Make s ure the c amera has the ‘Audio Lis tner’ C omponent.
• Audio file [ Audio as s et File]

**Us e Ogg or Mp3 formats

Common Properties
1. Play Play audio c omponent
2. Pause paus e audio c lip c omponent
3. Stop S tops the audio C lip
4. Loop Repeat/loop audio c omponent
5. Volume C ontrol the audio volume
6. isPlaying .. Is the clip playing right now

Audio ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptReferenc e/AudioS ourc e.html

External tools and assets :

1. Free s ound as s ets : Frees ound.org
2. Free s ound editor & rec order: https ://www.audac ityteam.org/
 12

Time.time

This is the time in seconds since the start of the application

Void update()
{
If (Time.time > 10)
{
Debug.Log(“10 Seconds is passed ”) // print in console after 10 seconds
}
}

T ime doc s : https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRe fere nc e/T ime - time.html
 13

Invoke
Delay the function call in ‘Seconds’ Quit Application
Close the application
void update()
{ void update()
Invoke ( “C hangeS c ene”, 5.0f) ; {
} if ( Input.GetKey( "es c ape") )
{
void C hangeS c ene( ) Application.Quit ();
{ }
S c eneManager.LoadS c ene( “S c ene2”) ; }
}

Invoke doc s : Quit doc s :

https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/MonoBe haviour.Invoke.html https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/Applic ation.Quit.html
 14

Instantiate Random.Range
Create a clone ‘copy’ of the object
Instantiate method can be called in different ways. Return Random value between two values
Float xPos =Random.Range(-10.0f, 10.0f);
1. Inserting Game Object only
public static Object Instantiate(Object original); xPos will retrieve random values between -10 & 10

2. Game Object, Transform vector of the parent gameObject

public static Object Instantiate(Object original, Transform parent);

3. Game Object , Vector Position , Rotation ‘Quaternion’

public static Object Instantiate(Object original, Vector3 position, Quaternion
rotation);

Ins tantiate doc s : Random Range doc s :

https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/Objec t.Ins tantiate.html https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/Random.Range.html
 Install TextMeshPro ‘TMP’ Package 15

1. Window >Pac kage Manager

2. S elec t ‘Unity Res itry’
3. S earc h for ‘text mes h pro’
4. Ins tall Pac kage 2 3

1 5
4
Create ‘TMP’ 16

1. C reate 3d objec t > T extMes hPRo

2
TextMeshPro 17

Text inputs
Offset position of the text in text frame

Size of the text frame in world

Font type

Font color
Scene Management 18

You c an open the s c ene by:

1. S c ene name
2. S c ene Build Index Number

S c ene Management doc s :

https ://doc s .unity3d.c om/S c riptRefere nc e/S c e neManageme nt.S c eneManager.html
Contatti
Prof. Monica Bordegoni: monica.bordegoni@polimi.it
Ahmed Hegazy: ahmedabdelmoneim.hegazy@polimi.it