Questions

1. What is the main reason some language teachers dismiss theories in their
practice?
A) They find theories too complex.
B) They believe theories don't apply to real classrooms.
C) They are uninterested in their subject.
D) They have never heard of any theories.
2. What do some writers in the field of language teaching aim to do?
A) Eliminate the need for theories entirely.
B) Make theoretical ideas more relevant to actual teaching.
C) Focus solely on implicit theories.
D) Create new theories without considering practical implications.
3. In what situations does theory become particularly evident?
A) Only during examinations.
B) In teacher training, curriculum planning, and textbook writing.
C) When students are taking notes.
D) At informal teaching sessions.
4. What criteria are suggested for evaluating good language teaching
theories?
A) Creativity and novelty.
B) Usefulness, coherence, and clarity.
C) Length and detail.
D) Popularity among teachers.
5. Why is there a need for constructive theorizing in language teaching?
A) Because teachers prefer to work alone.
B) Current theories often do not address the evolving challenges in the field.
C) It helps in generating income for educational institutions.
D) It allows for more theoretical debates without practical application.
6. What is the primary purpose of establishing a conceptual framework for
language teaching?
A) To simplify language acquisition
B) To provide a guiding map for exploration
C) To eliminate theoretical discussions
D) To emphasize the importance of native speakers
7. Which period showed initial optimism regarding linguistics and
psychology as a foundation for language teaching?
A) 1900-1910
B) 1940-1960
C) 1970-1980
D) 1980-1990
8. What term did Spolsky coin to describe the interdisciplinary field related
to language teaching?
A) Applied linguistics
B) Educational linguistics
C) Sociolinguistics
D) Interaction model
9. According to the text, which model emphasizes the roles of applied
linguists and class teachers?
A) Campbell's Model
B) Ingram's Model
C) Mackey's Model
D) Strevens' Model
10. What are the four key concepts introduced by the authors' model?
A) Language, assessment, culture, and teaching
B) Language, learning, teaching, and context
C) Language, curriculum, theory, and practice
D) Language, methods, evaluation, and social factors
11. What is bilingualism?
A) The ability to use two distinct varieties of one language.
B) Proficiency in two languages, often native and another used socially.
C) A language variety used exclusively in educational settings.
D) The gradual shift from one language to another.
12. What does language shift refer to?
A) Maintaining native language despite external pressures.
B) The process where a community gradually stops using its native language.
C) The creation of new words in a language.
D) The integration of slang into formal speech.
13. What is the purpose of language planning?
A) To encourage people to learn foreign languages.
B) To organize decisions about language use within a society.
C) To classify languages according to their grammatical rules.
D) To develop informal communication styles.
14. How do social attitudes affect language perception?
A) They promote language learning in schools.
B) They influence emotional responses and perceptions towards languages.
C) They determine the grammatical structure of a language.
D) They mainly relate to language statistics.
15. Which field helps in understanding the relationship between language
and society?
A) Mathematics
B) Sociology
C) Astronomy
D) Physics
16. What does the Cognitive Approach emphasize in the learning process?
A) Learning as a response to stimuli
B) Understanding meaningful connections
C) Memorization techniques
D) Behavioral conditioning
17. Which of the following psychologists is most closely associated with
behaviorism?
A) Bruner
B) Skinner
C) Ausubel
D) Chomsky
18. What gap is identified in the practical application of learning theories?
A) Theories developed in laboratories and practical applications in classrooms
B) The emotional vs. cognitive aspects of learning
C) The influence of age on learning processes
D) The nature vs. nurture debate
19. What aspect of learning has been classified into cognitive, skill-based,
and affective categories?
A) General psychology
B) Educational psychology
C) Psycholinguistics
D) Behavioral assessment
20. Who attempted to understand language development from a
psychological perspective among historical figures?
A) Watson
B) Freud
C) Darwin
D) Skinner
21. What is the primary objective recognized in the cross-tabulation
developed by the writer and associates?
A) Knowledge about culture
 B) Proficiency in the second language
C) Affectively-oriented objectives
D) Communication skills
22. Which of the following is NOT one of the content categories mentioned?
A) Language
B) Culture
C) Technology
D) General language education
23. The categorization of objectives and content aims to interact in which
manner according to the document?
A) Content and objectives do not relate to each other.
B) Certain cells represent principal matches while others represent subsidiary
purposes.
C) Objectives are always prioritized over content.
D) Content should be independent from objectives.
24. What is one of the factors that determines the prioritization of content
categories in language teaching?
A) The teacher's preferred teaching method
B) The age or maturity and previous experience of the students
C) The duration of the language course
D) The technology available for teaching
25. According to the document, curriculum theory comprises which key
aspect related to language teaching?
A) A narrow definition of instructional methods
B) Instruction, teaching in the specific sense
C) The emotional state of the learners
D) The length of language instruction sessions
26. What does modern linguistics recognize about language varieties?
A) Only standard languages have value
B) All language varieties, including dialects and pidgins, have value
C) Language varieties are not relevant to teaching
D) Only written language forms are important
27. How does structuralism influence language teaching methods?
A) By encouraging creative writing
B) By focusing on language as a set of habits leading to drills and repetition
C) By emphasizing cultural contexts
D) By ignoring grammar rules
28. What is a key focus of modern language teaching according to the
discussed theories?
A) Teaching grammar and vocabulary exclusively
B) Using language only in written forms
C) Emphasizing real-world communication
D) Memorizing texts
29. Why is understanding interlanguage important for teachers?
A) It helps teachers correct every mistake immediately
B) It allows teachers to encourage students through their learning stages
C) It emphasizes the importance of memorization
D) It discourages patience with student errors
30. What balance should teachers seek according to linguistics?
A) A focus solely on theory without practical application
B) A balance between abstract theories and practical teaching
C) Ignoring linguistic theories
D) Only using practical examples in lessons
31. What was one reason for the failure of Halliday, McIntosh, and Strevens'
linguistic theory to bring about a reorientation in language teaching?
A) It was too complex for teachers to understand.
B) It did not offer a clear alternative to structuralism.
C) It was not widely published.
D) It focused solely on grammar.
32. According to the neo-Firthian scale-and-category theory, what is
emphasized at all levels of language?
A) The importance of vocabulary.
B) The isolation of meaning from form.
C) The relationship between meaning and form.
D) The use of traditional teaching methods.
33. What did Bloomfield suggest regarding conventional language
teaching?
A) It should be improved rather than discarded.
B) It is effective for all languages.
C) One must break with its traditions.
D) It should be combined with modern methods.
34. What was the primary focus of the English Language Institute of the
University of Michigan under Charles Fries?
 A) Theoretical linguistics.
B) The teaching of literature.
C) The practical application of structural linguistics.
D) The development of new languages.
35. What principle emphasizes the need for practice rather than explanation
in language teaching?
A) A language is a set of habits.
B) Teach the language, not about the language.
C) Languages are different.
D) Start with a clean slate.
36. What is the meaning of TESL?
A) Teaching of English as a second language
B) Teaching of English as a secondary language
C) Teach English as a secondary language
D) Teacher of English as a second language

37. Native language, mother tongue, and stronger language, belong to

__________
A) Secondary language
B) L2
C) Non native language
D) L1

38. Weaker language belongs to_______

A) L1
B) Native language
C) L2
D) First language

39. How can language teaching be defined?

A) Activities that are intended to bring about language learning
B) Bilingualism
C) Arguments
D) Terms used in language pedagogy

40. The term _________ refers to the systematic study of the thought related
to a topic or activity.
A) Second language
B) Theory
C) Language pedagogy
D) Science
41. Learning a language to communicate within a country is
called__________
A) L2
B) Theory
C) International language
D) Intranational language

42. When we say a language is being learned unconsciously or in a natural

way, we say that is being_______
A) Acquired
B) Learned
C) Teaching
D) Listening

43. ________ is the wider context for language teaching theory.

A) Teaching
B) Studying
C) Education
D) Reading

44. _________ usually requires more formal instruction and other measures
compensating for the lack of environmental support.
A) First language
B) Foreign language
C) Native language
D) Official language

45. We say that _________ is often learned informally “picked up” because
of its widespread use within the environment.
A) Second language
B) Foreign language
C) Multi language
D) Bilingualism

46. These terms help us to know the difference between a second and a
foreign language.
A) International/intranational
B) Multilingual/bilingual
C) US English/ UK English
D) TESL/TEFL

47. We call primary language to__________

A) First language, mother tongue and non-native language
B) Mother tongue, stronger language, first language
C) Foreign language, mother tongue, secondary language
D) Native language, stronger language, second language
48. In the past the term “ foreign language” was most widely used in
contrast to_______
A) Native language
B) Primary school
C) Second language
D) Non-native language

49.________ is implicit in the practice of language teaching.

A) Grammar roles
B) Decisions
C) Theory
D) Teaching

50. It refers to the systematic study of the thought related to a topic or

activity, for example: art, music, education, etc.
A) Language teaching
B) System of thought
C) The meaning of the theory
D) Method and analysis

51. The relationship between language science and language teaching

comes from the _________ theory.
A) Cambell´s
B) Spolsky´s
C) Freud´s
D) Teacher’s

52. How many sources does the Spolsky´s theory have?

A) 3
B) 2
C) 5
D) 1

53. Language teaching is divided in_______, _______ and________

A) Language description, theory of language learning and theory of language
use
B) Language description, language acquisition, language learning
C) Theory of language, theory of the BIG BANG and Cambell´s theory
D) Language learning, language teaching, foreign language

54. Mackey´s model is called _____________

A) International model
B) Intranational model
C) Interaction model
D) Incorrect model
 55. __________________ of the relationship between theory and practice
suggests; that applied linguistics is the mediator between the practitioner
(pedagogy) and the theorist (linguistics)
A) Hall and Lindzey´s model
B) Cambell´s model
C) Corder´s model
D) Kaplan´s model

56. _____________ is the set of disciplines that provide the necessary

theoretical foundations and data underlying language teaching.
A) Educational linguistics or applied linguistics
B) Methodology
C) Language planning
D) General linguistics

57. _____________ has three main sources: language description, a theory

of language learning, and a theory of language.
A) Language teaching
B) Educational linguistic
C) Pedagogy
D) Phycolinguistics

58. The Streven´s model consists in ______ elements

A) 5
B) 3
C) 12
D) 2

59. All the models we have seen, are __________

A) Old
B) New
C) Interdisciplinary
D) Incorrect

60. All models say that ___________ is always important in order to learn a
second language.
A) Environment
B) Teachers
C) Schools
D) Theorists

61. How many key concepts does the model language teaching have?
A) 4
B) 12
C) 11
D)10
62. After which historical event, the interest in research increased?
A) World war one
B) World war two
C) Industrial revolution
D) French revolution

63. What was the first country concerned in the research of learning and
teaching a language?
A) UK
B) USA
C) France
D) Spain

64. One of the crucial contributions of research to language teaching theory

is that _________
A) It has introduced empirical procedures
B) It teaches to teach
C) It teaches to learn
D) It teaches English

65. Practical teacher training, materials development, and classroom work

are more important than ___________
A) Speaking
B) Listening
C) Research
D) Teacher´s theory