me eovaees Questens " = m_ bridge: and I ‘@ Destine the ter bridge structive. tomar's) rst Out the’ fore ae 8) hist out the. advantage of bridge + Descrite briefly the Component of bridge ctructuve with neat: seetch Ge) chon “facto OV ideal by idge. sike CS men dupevsimohire. of bvidge,, ) List out the Sele of bridge C.a+2) Bu) Deseribe briet Lact atrechod Desire. dhe. , ten en’ economia Span G5) Describe tne types of bridge Ciomavesy. © G_) hist out load,fevce, stresses acting on bridge sivuthve ay. pevy TRL Cle meres) ri we G) Classify me be dge as pey mst Picts dena hea method oF. brides ¢ BB) Listeut dre design consi Go) Desc’ be load ae mechanism 2y by! dye sf 4 write down we “dexton steps “Fov BOR false, T~ beam Gre dey bridge. Scanned with CamScannerDefoe th ee term 4 bridge and byiefly desewbe the fern ae foridge. sivuchne? Cf may tes) * Ye Oven OM opstacie without Qthi 4 sa Structure providkiog passag quer {nfersecm cles. ‘ sing the ‘way, — ng oF Dre is provided Io railway / gtveom le highwe end footwrgs Hen of voads TYE, we ete OX Emooth (ess! vehicle, people » “rain end ub ey gervl(ese 9 forms of byidga® giructuve: ae 45 follows) 7) Beam bridge cnc est) Ww) Tvass bridge it) Aych brid o® cannilevey bridge jon bride : pridge ile vy Sus pens vt) tabie stayed #) Beorn beides ren) load by srexwe” y 3 Yay 4. : ' ; bending ay cany vert 4 carTy verbical toad by pression 1) Truss bvidg € joce > benoves ee abeam sot — wnere toP chord and potte™m chor enperienres com and densio® feorees er. 2D yerh'cal and diageral member a7 cubjected to compresstor owientaner’ ‘ or tension force ‘as pe in) Avch byidge : . >'Load ave carried primarily In com pression and vea thea at sevted to horizontal ana ver tica | ere guppor+ get one Scanned with CamScannerWY te DH evew by, > Comm, er ertdge: PENSIOg: yy, . bs. : lower chor Ne "8 UPPEW chord and comprestien tn wy r 3 Suspensiee ride Cable-Stayed bridse SSS eae ern po) Tower transéey the cable sewce 16 foundaNen: through Ver hea . s Meal comprecsivt, force. Say i 2 s Wey Qed—encthovage, ae: te vi) Coble ~stayed budge Ihe kensiie Lovee in slayed Cable ln duce. oneal Com pressien My deck. ia, _vevhical. Voad en deck are carried by heey s stele ~ Jaclined bles which a7 to tension « 1 1 Buses betas 9 a Carey verhical. load from tre, deck, through Curved Cable In tensten. Mes Oloads ave drasfeved +o #e Gtound drrough ¢dowey ond anchorage. Scanned with CamScanner@ Set Selec Cn O€ ‘bridge’ gtte patage si¥2 oc enmity) © bese ou Out 4 he Characteniwes of an ideal ‘i iannia decision '* are, plan” ao auusays tOPeMe =? Ch ice Of the might ai aNd designing ox & site Is a evucll Wider ch, J) O bridge. 94 maynst be possible Choice of bridges: Meat met / ee Chorracterishes of ideal bvidge site ave as oltre A ‘ i Stvalgnt tach of vivey, oo We cererents« Steady vivey flow coithouth pohiviy 208 OES ee wh. WA a Narrow channel vith Aim banies+ a J evel. oneath gide@+; Wey} Vguitable high bank above Wah “02 yoviven bed v) Rock or othev hard strata “Cinevrod ‘ble close” revel. vil Pronimity 40 direct alignment of goad te be toennecte d wi) Absence of Sharp durves In approaches oi!) Raserce 2 expensive vivey tralniag © rd ; ie : : ) Avoidance 04 excessive undevwarey Con ting ot steam, at bridge Si4e- ov le Sa edyuchenr <) Mo scouring: ‘and ‘si 2) Pov major bridge jo seleck suitable sites invesregahbag engibee “Should do % veccl Suvvey ‘poy about Lem* upstream ond downstream site. e. crossed /n méand ering vivey, the Ht) when the vier 18 to. 8 pridge should be located ar nodal pain Cte point where onlvey Yegime . cons tort Sev ing ar atultvum about nich wivew Channel Swings lateral « . w Scanned with CamScannerMH) p, Tidge Shou) : te, do be aligned +o Wight anges Yo the vivev TE Crossing which ¥acilidabes mini mum Grea ond pier length. , 9 : on ae ath, dece CS guava Cross: Extea Points 34 Shoutd be Ft OF fault: | 1) Should be e@ercaccessible 40 approach qoad: ) Foundation cheuld be stable. 1) Cose Shouid be asminimummd econemical as peseibre. ») Requived guilled manpower. GY involves simpie design od déto Jeclogicaiiy Sound area haviag:less. amount. \ + 1 59RmL > hist out the governing factors In selechion of bridge sypers ructures ¢(Smontes) *histout the types ok Bridge as governed | - hy IRC baked on fechnreal and economic factors CS man). dtorg.in selection of , bridge supevsivuthe SV] Mme governing fa are. Qs Loliougs\+ me 5 Span. coverage of bridge Supevcty uehne « SHovitoatal ond veriteal fteararreot bridge B)Sechnital acter Poe. poodi Aon teubso!l) suet : ' Durabil he ey ' . G rime end. method’ of: Consivechon « + Of geructae. on envivoamen+ during ond, 2D -Impac " Concderu cho + y 0) G gnvivenmental fackov. , 2 : 4 atiee Scanned with CamScannervt. ana plant N¥es 3 ym pact en Marine life 1 Surrounding ‘human | Economie factov i acttomie factov Eee : and Fom— ated 40 cost factey ie. quailabi Wy ae ee a é a Ob aspect ev reastuehen" 2 i Cost Fattoy Include 5 cost of (abou, mare” tal or maintenence. Cost : - pier bt ‘ 2 po. of span sengts oa cose andere cher eases 2 Tons portah 7 time and design Iead Quateioalty availabi lig Cons der chen >) Resthe ie L 7 : : 7 tonality OF btd > Represent ques oF Beauty ana frcwon ali 2S structure. . 2 te 2, Bokeh : ‘actow include (ArPreware: thle 2 Contrast , PYopornca > Sle, ovder 2 Envivonmental Aa kegvar'e 2 Funckonality. ‘he types 04 bridge as per PRC patedion technical and & conéuian factey are! SiN. types of byidge : “Span cm) d Re. sta 7 Cé -to) 2) Re. T-givdey beam Cie-30) Crs-30) (as-4o) (Cas~3007) Masonary bridge Scanned with CamScannerRic bose by; dge (30-s0) Cuore) Mreshessed Concrete bow bridge CAP8 stayed byidge “Clo - 208) “suipension “uyrdge lees 2000) DERE 4Kb, term eeonomt cal gpen of brid ge’ ¢2rmavia)) D Fotal cost of, bridge dnteh will termed as economical span’ of bridge @ minimum soy % SPAN is D Total ost of bridge - (total C08 )espew * + Hotes Cosh). Seramure Sevuchuve,’ Ik a of brid. 0 ot “Cock Do -# one span 65). Crepes Ret a D fssume te rah pievcr) be Are (ar eer] ~ we Nave, qotal ost oF Bridge. Leis! ghee 43). ens acnp)*P go the cost of One : Zz \ wre noo fe fol bridges | S900. Scanned with CamScannerFoy rmaximum + ow minimum, des py a dn ge8 : Mo : Ca SFE tnAt eR ge es d *e PH fut 32 RP ‘ Tin of Foy zs cz nce) Hone eP #. fuow ; : ot enerpy+ w-bP4 = “dn * er P RF “CxO KP ro . ep s-P : kee ep id tee negles ) . oe ae: ich ane 62 '. Economiced Span ts one for which S . equal to pier. pe a com ane Etonomic x (Toteh Cost 4 pecarat : » Span > . : aa Sun nook Sreteh ; bance, of byidge rExplain with neat sre : Rist-oulniDe es co mnarles, ny dre. component of bridge 2D i wien, = #) B+ add beauty 40 Wy a4 tmproves soatc, ‘cu ih provide, qui era) €astew way to travel rom A do B, \uva} ond’ ecenamt’a condlien : Scanned with CamScannergteel 24> y ROP pent? pe. aivde~ Pewal Ty Shan = | SI SY PL eS F ‘ Pleed peve Afi Dime = wh Phe. fovrdanen River — Arasalegs Rivew due bed. Piev wi Well Soundahten , eae 7 of bridge , 4& Components aé bridge #) Supe structuve !- >) Bbhove level of beaving 2 Provite base fey moving vehicles, train) and pe desivains. a, ‘enn ng surface ts 0 Portien of deck which resist frefke weav 3 fo) Wearing. surface iy a “Sepavate layer made. of ifta oot a material « = 29 Deole 13 the, physi@l extension of Tadway across the obs to ba bridged .D#1s made of Rec slab+ ° j > Primary: membev like beam , truss i Aveh , rama disivi bule bridge. load Doagitudi nally. > Secondary maabev live bracing. ave vsed to Ceonech pit menoer which tHxrstev load trenwers ely. Scanned with CamScanner®) pearing “7 Mechanical device placed between supers” gaructuye 40 Aransmit vertical and horizontal 1% che. gr alo ; : 2 ok § dronstaken edvotatien moment - @ Substructure a ot E>) clructuye below the: been ng level. are. eubstrucree > provides Support fe@r syperstiu chive ond Prmsters eee Super struche 4o soil: : * > Consith of abutment, Pier ad foundation * 9 pbutment!: arn gees, urtace and -> End. support of bridge which vetain earth * provide support foreuper siruchure pler' “Dos + Ss 3 : Fae saps be suppovh of bridge wrich proves 22. rn hewme dic tow supe roeructure + footing \foundatens a S rvchire, which SUPP piers ond abutmer? ees 2 myuctur ; , “Goad from # qbur ment ev te od +e subse) ed otyu chave— B) Roparrenseres and sie rela 2 Now giruchuvel| plement unich ‘Sevve ta tne oveval) — Puncneonall ty of me s av chuye, Scanned with CamScanner® Embenement md slope protecsen .worte:- > Provide proper drainage , Contro| erosheo, and Incrane beauty of bridge, Approach slab‘ 2 Provide smooth tvensikon of -load: prom. flexible yoad | Surface to rigid bridge surfate: River tyainning structuve des ond vreguiate ainey Cours dge substructuve. e 9 2 structive which gui desived dlivechion end protect byt Extra notes Ca mames ¥) out ment. = i Geruthuve oF 2 Bod vertical support of bridge for ae RE ae ed preach, Ack as readeway oppreach, wel DRetata roadway back&lly _ ha > Resist lateral movers mnt of earth oi > : oo 2 Ack as. verbal md lateral guppové= Roches it) Wing wal 9 Located near ab > Extension of abutment pede 3 : d form,’ 2 Pound in -atight ongied® splaye \, 9 atment, “ Scanned with CamScannerwi) Support of bvidge _ 9 Two types Of SUPPOTH In bvidge e End supper* Oleng the Gbutmant ® Inevmediake Support ov pier support 7 Plex ave suppored by Plev cop to lmer vesist subti cient beaw 24: capa chk y- yw) Bearing pad t- bs me d- Tt 1S ENown At elaste mevic pearing pa Peden 7 Bk absorbs Compressive Faxce » Comivel lopvect © vibvak eo. A ee cad alo? D Ut distribute super ctruchve Joad fo ut Croat ng oy Super structive +6 vaderge movement with? “ harmful atress. - > arch > Clastomeria pearig keay achion below a) Scanned with CamScanner7d 9 - Describe the 4ypes of bridge aren. ° Regative aspect? C tomar ls” 3 : 2 the bridge ave baardty classified goviesy.* ‘a B) Riccording to means of éronspert 7) Highway bridge "\ Railway byidge 1) Pecksavain bv'dge. vy vali bvidge v7 5) ‘Aéetrding. vier. ipniee tod used@irr tara: Slpen she WehAe Urmbey bridge * & Masonary bridge & Ree bridge D steel bridge 0a movies) © Prestvessed toncre te wares) i vd) ! ps seme CS Qrmajor tPer eF bviaoe) pp evessseme? oo o According fo types of supercivuchre Nelob bridge wit) Cable Stayed 1/) 1- beam bvidge BiIdgt i) pox- givder bidye jo) Truss byicge v) tren bridge u') Lrame bvidge. vid Suspensin Bridge Scanned with CamScanner jah POStRee And” | rave vars ous Cae.igi. Sod stab bvidge’ 7 posinn€ Aspore > Anerease Clearance above axciux due te depth reing Sha liowev. Beguivve aspect . fageit wt. is hear’ jeust pe = 2 Less span ‘app ce | re : mo. re 2 hood LAPP Lert Oreo aor 1s, noe chew * seal 7 Better 2D Tk js CoonemieNe talevad Yoad™ Character! skies pov Large sfar 4 due, to 4O7sIona\ shiff ness’ bein bettey Oh. : o > hess maintenance cost- 3) T-beam bvidge rah sing tent . postive aspect wegahe. aspect Os 5 ates toastruck since t+ Less betty app eavare. conntacenise. Simple geometyy» [> 94 1g eHec hee * eee nomi col : 1 oupt cally cashed go 9!ven 30m" of bride, 2 prorali4 ht eceno meal. desig? + Scanned with CamScannerFig! Bor ~ gine y, bids e . Cmuikpre cen) 2 gi Los hye -Qspectt 3 _ ahve. ae m f> Deer - | ASR: - TE VEASE. Cost OF constvucted <2 Cashog lage is complene fow longey span wide. ? Betiey appearnce P hood lateral load distribuvlen Chavacterish'cs ano suitable” fy curved bridge , © fo Requives: high Stillman poe, aod advanred mackanbyié s, > Economia for Spon greater thay Bom, i wv) fvuss Bridge D Positive aspect > Rigid structuré , Casy: tov Coastrucho useful “for: large, spar budge - ‘ aRedure yerteal Clearonre % Rough. appearance >Peviodi2. Maincenave, regular) Scanned with CamScannersee = ; Big ye TASS systems. v) Bveh bridge 2 io PIM oed: MV es land Teavsiab oad Yesishn GF membew arch wwich follow hood appedrance > main peopel nabs Megane. aspect” ¥ |S nequive good seil proper 7. foundanens — 2 high Faby pane mnetesiehen way poo cost 2 hives Scone &] structive Sector pend eree 2 Span upto 159M for shee): Arch bridge 2 op itforarrt 2D Horizontal thrust reduce “6m ‘ae 1a qrch. vi) Cable stayed _briase appranen ond oct Deca sian stab: 2 Main doves oad 15 tater Bh tower ad fable. (vesistave)« a Scanned with CamScanneree nape ohh Negak. ot Ce Megatv, aspect ; prev ia 6 | Yeducéed. DRequive teguay motnitoving , } Seined manpowew" | 9 Economically only ov bom SPay, » beaving 5 foun dab > Resy. CSISK Herston since. Cabye Srey tenston + 2 2 Tower Ainaiiy avensmit Compe - : Essie Bree te Loundavon. > Used fov longew Span, many. Me 7 © avoid undew waley Censtru- : ‘ chen, vii) Suspens/on_bvidge ~ bie Tar" ena : gin Oh : me. End anchorase ; Approach Slab wood: ; 2 load vegistked manly by. cibe Sysem. ‘Positve, aspect Regakve aspect 2D NOH OF bearing ;Piey feunderra ave | °? High, Jornal tose meduced- Requived seed manpower, 5 , ‘ tens! ; Design. pased ba pmagtl cou of68! | thea condvhion of subsoil] #0 pow cabie ote a Pe ere oy lige spn (Sti) | Aochorage. Eco 5 ‘ load os tributed "3 betky> Scanned with CamScannerHui) - awa Ores, oe dgel. F Suppor eck sia b : SupPovt 2 heed appeareie ,nonecd 4 poganue, cures Cxpersive bearing, pr her? 1 preP. P.yood subsoil Stable struthal a “Pte toon span. L te yer : ew struc >) Recor aing to supper? @rdi bine oF supet |D 1) Simpry supported bridse 4) conn Te~ev bridse in) Conbnuous byidoe V) Rigid drame bride® iu vite €) Recording 1° dype oF service fe 2 @ Pe renan ert bride : CD temporary. bide - : ; ne of bridge’ ' tag 1o SREPYOsTe 0 >) Accoy cling : 2 () straignt bv idge d bridge Cuyve : ect stab> 2 te flooy ov ongementaand dag < 7° pyar th) Recovery 7) | Je ?) peck oe f ey) 4 ppyoach od" 04 Tyeu9) dee hy Lemp through (Halt Scanned with CamScannerQ ww : Sree ere — Stender d B06 7, > tmsmo Teel Movs.) Recording Ko Nepal 8 by? i : . i PT'992 Fs Classisied arcorcing te sp 2e9'P ax > @) tulwere € pen sendin. g6r) rai - oe See, ®, nev bridge 6G lenght & $0) 0 Span ® Mmafoy bridgel Jengin> 500) (3p Ses m) © Special bridget / By oe Requived’ special design cong deva hea or eg\-oConcrete gitdev bvidge> “9 gree! truss bridge, > Prch bridge » <> Suspensian bridge, wp Cable siayed bidge cos) # Pree board > Minimum. £:B at not less dhas Imig’ : APP ed as per ws. : 3 ig Discharge mio free beard (as pe na) tyn? Sec) hess Fhan 200° im Qoi-soo pie? 5 pl-2000° asm) QoHe - F000 210M ‘ x oa of ; ., é : - ¢ Scanned with CamScannerVerh c A , » yerbcab Clearance}. ws) ADPow aN. toad pat see anc nv 5 YAS mM amough Stree ®.pvew head 5 wire ee m ve, highes® paie® Of Youd Sur ce least “9 ae ; me dtr PF Conviage way t." cas) i | : : drath 2 f)Fe~ highusay and urbe road minimum carriage Od tom Urb! in. aime OT pau pt vy For Feedev yoad, minimum carriage way! np ra w 3) Permanent bridge a mininguo nawage wag “gene: x Types of steel tdge ¢2 martes) ad ia a Is of 2 Steel bridge ts classifed on he oo 3 0 and shructural Syston: A) Prat bic Carwied Fy Highway brides . 1) Railoay bri ge , M4) Road cum Railay bridge : sys.hean ts B) Classi Fabien based o% erase en -200 : ton’ bridge. CSS? cee avi pidge Aro yoo ™) i ' idge Mm) pyeh by ‘ i ryder bridge ° iv) goer bri'dg (upto aver) ” ie plesey | bvidg® (oo = s0e™ as) tan Scanned with CamScanneral @ to0d. cassiveavor -O 2o38 psp : é i Risk putan dl oliscuss ane load ,#0re oma rg oat A¥E 40 be Considered in the design of read bridge - (12 Moves) an @) Describe ine dypesof i've load on bridge (greenies) , sda. (Sm 8 Desexibe the impact mad lotrel Lead 0° bide ae > The diticrent syper of toads, Powe, svess aching 2? ood bridge “axe as Zonow's!- 4) Dead lead, ~ 2) Live load, S) Impact load, u) wind load, 5) Longitudina) force, © Centvifuga) force , AY Guoyoncy hfe ® wary pre ssuve 5) thermal effect” 10) ‘Beismic sorte N) -gavth pressure 12) Defor mat’ on SHES» ) Dead load ! > Self wt of bridge element s a _~) Dead load. ave Deck ‘slabs weariag cook walling \ pee ie eh. 2 roa ter’ ok deadtecd wsians cele!) Bricle wov's * Coment mothay Catthecompacte? be sice\ 28 Scanned with CamScannerD) hive load currmp) D2 Deut 40 Select D SO) TRE YE commend Some uy an : ‘ A140 02 vel > Vehicle bad are cig © o4 velvee. 2) Tron hs fed In Ruy ealegery'- = . load: DK trea 1G Dowound contact tength = ew ed tTRe"p_ AY TRe class poR 4 Class AA tecey, ‘| Glare a Jass a” class Fok C » “load: ad/in oy r ding, : Pueovy mititary | —8 ee Sov oni bay P Keay comme-|@Design of empo-| acon be used 10 enicle oy | tat ventere worry Shruchne, of AR yore > Checeed for class |> Permanent read|-> Considered a's ae a 2 i : op’ ha veuise A Loading bridge and Wgh+ Joacling ideno “|°? Types of vehsstes | Culver+ . Classi Hcanon+ lo Standard Hue. |. + Ty pes-0€ venicle A) traced venice | 14.4 se budge z eh! le Pa load :F0t oo) \_ |9) Traces nase cked loa cae Cconsidevara € Siniten to Class AA Cequally distrt- te oe ope ie burd oy two | THREES : eer en i v : - Contatt 16094) drag, of eam | a fectmay | Poe 5 A Accessible only > Longin of VerMele to pedestwains =D 9-92 « and anioal navy | D Pin Spacing betwen ve oad Genin Bs 2 bub distmre > 29m ease Success selenite e@ 40) dy ace Se ’ ea ae o places 8 pilavinas pb) Wheeled Vehicle » led veni cl OL Lof Senin 2 Length of vehi c) @ aise: 9 Moxrimun toad ay successive ie 2 ce panes with 2 E o. ogre aie 2206 \ ne i adok foot 3 rmeweion ut wvee! ead | erween success poileooa U0 ~ “ ' 2 Avatos [Bum : ogi. loading, nose to tall = £ gam Spacing bewen * 2venile Scanned with CamScanner3) Dmpacteel tod. > Cau sed by vehiae moving on bvidger C sudebn toad’) oF ny Pack factor js Con side-vad « > Tmpact sactow depend upon seed o& vehicle, span of ‘Bvt de 5. Welght of vehicle. 2 Impacr x Speed of vehicle factor Span .of bridge > Footwogy Nok conside for impact lead. £O¥ class h’ ad 3! loading : Bric Rebridge |. shel _bvidge fess than 3m os > o-Sus 5 . rae uss Es 2 ysm ar # +e) esa move than usm || ack __ Delsy Por ‘Class AR end class IeR loading © Macke d : wheeled. wehicle “venice Scanned with CamScanner© wind toad 2 Negugible fOr Swort Span. 2 Medium bridge, exist Joy auloirucs, 2 hong bridge , exist. poy roe Y Stvuc. WE design , NE design. velocity Cis?) load act an height Lom ~ 8) hengitudinal wad 2 Load ce) a Shad eoat A wind 9 weadway , 2 Caused by Sudden bagi byldge 5 gy 2 Bek mestly en substruchire , @ ov A Meter oning da wehiaeten, 2 PRE KElLomméinds Ow oe LL fore ON bridge, : . te be consideved as longitudreal 6) Contyi fugal forces CE) . : ne 2» 2% tg Givmn by. ‘ee. bow < Cre7)R tows Lin eV Vs Design epeed in empn Rx Radius of curve 19M" we ack ae PEO D Hovirontah toad due +0 CF FS Rare to be : : wwe: fevel oF + cour Fagewoay + . a) Ruoyency force d bodies, s undevdeep bodies. bid.ges zy ; fey : pe sub mevGerl® 7 1F *s negheced. oF : 3 for submerge 2 ov > pov low depth Scanned with CamScanner8) | . ) Watley pre ssuve, > Hori Tomtal Loy 2 Ue. to weiter current on cubmersed Portion. 94 2. Ps. pressure inn bm Wwe Vote wth of WAHY : . . va water current voloaty | 1sq) 92 Accetevaran die te 974M ty, D Force caused by water cunreok are mar? at top of water tevel and veva at bottom texerey bed levd- i a) Thermal stvess_ D (Caused dye to remperatuve chonge- . ay D Stress develop at bearing md deck: joins. : > Stress ave densile £0 Contvele. Mavis ord Crack developed. DFO queid crack, » Addi hongl steel YEinforce men). ave, Provided Perpendiculay 46 main reinforce Mert + gps ; to ismie forces” : mo ot aa i : ae : 2 Considered wen bait dge. ave, built: in Setsmte: ov Garth quatre, > force | wr OF gaructuve move, largey Pevee enevted, oS a { CO, >. Grould nor be move anan wv oF gravity force p o" 3 Horizontot Sneav: fore. cry) ¢ Pyows Ane Design Anovitonhal Setsmica Coethicio of Be Scanned with CamScanner2= Zone factor ©200e 7. op : Zi vw T- O36 = Imporbonce facton Norma) Timpowene a) bridge beige. SPeciah ty idge Beh Tobe sare Rs Response reduction -tetov Re3 for Res tov duchle detailing bearing. and : of Piev expension Joint Sa < Destgn -vesponse spectrum vawe re OF pos ars) medium soi) a c Soft Soi) sy). RR » ge fo iF 20ar F sec’) a ath nD) Fardn press rg bt Consider wonen bridge ave sowie Y eee Hes ak od a re. of pressure } y centre. Pp eee . 29. Colethmn i - theo ye com J Mioi mum novi zontal pressure #S AveESS = . . : : GD Desormanen Bess =) Caused cue #e change In material property ies externally ov intenally, ug ex) > Scanned with CamScanner> De Shoulan oe pnd LE- Cshveay be less thon 16 ¥- Latere! TT ead alisivibunion in bvidge! - N ). Courbon's metnod Cy 3m) *) Disa bubvon coet&olent meine d AD ta ies net slab toad +0 longitud? OT NS the dasiviburen ox decte P41 girdey oF 7-beam wridge- Considered as cimple powerful and highly popula ™etnad Lov longitudina] givdey analy s's~ Assumphionsi- 1) Bridge deck stab (4) =(2 -4) B) uo. of cross beam insevtonneckos Qlrdev - g tminm) : ' 1) Dep 04 cross givdev should be equal 40 0717S Hoes the. main Clongitudinal Igirdev. : long! tudineL Phenomenon of deck slab taad o/styi bute Rp Centre ne of \ 1 ywidge axis Fg! load dist! basen, of deck. stab ¢o Longtiudinah 9'dey eee e Scanned with CamScanneree ee i R elt mihi kT) eT) ~Zltehy) where. ET a Ty 4T2 +93 444 2rhd 2 a4 2a mp so .. ‘hoad shared- ee EE ohio =? nate] af phy te 22 E CIxh UY) Load shaved by 3% girvev =>. Passs, ~, { Bxhsats EC BAY) Road shared by uth girder pod Ceara > fRxty di f combate (er 2 (tek) Scanned with CamScanner