ROYAL OAK INTERNATIONAL

SCHOOL
NEW PALAM VIHAR, SECTOR-11O,
GURUGRAM

A Project Report On
“RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM”
For 2024-2025 Examination
As a part of the Informatics Practices (065)

Submitted by- Manvinder singh

Submitted to- Mrs. Sonali
Class- XII COMMERCE
Roll no. -
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that

Manvinder singh ,
has successfully completed the
Project work entitled in the
subject Informatics
Practices(065)laid down in the
regulations of CBSE for the
purpose of Practical Examination
in Class XII

External Examiner Principal Internal Examiner

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I like to take this opportunity to thank our IP

teacher Ms. Sonali Khunger for guiding me in
my project, for providing valuable suggestions,
for her ongoing support during the project ,
from , from initial advice, and provision of
contacts in the rst stages through ongoing
advice and encouragement , which led to the nal
report of this IP project .

A special acknowledgement goes to my friends

who helped me in completing the project by
exchanging interesting ideas and sharing the
experience within the limited time frame
fi
fi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS [ T O C ]

SER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO

01 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 04

02 INTRODUCTION 05

03 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 05

04 PROPOSED SYSTEM 06

05 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC) 07

06 PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE 08

07 FLOW CHART 15

08 SOURCE CODE 16

09 OUTPUT 19

12 BIBLIOGRAPHY 24
 RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

The railway reservation system system is basically a database

based project done with help of python language. This project is very use

full for thepeople to book or cancel train tickets by sitting at home with one

cell phone in their hand. This project can be modified for various

reservations.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project is to let the students apply the

programming knowledge into a real- world situation/problem and exposed

thestudents how programming skills helps in developing a good software.

• Write programs utilizing modern software tools.

• Apply object oriented programming principles effectively when

developing small to medium sized projects.

• Write effective procedural code to solve small to medium sized

problems.

• Students will demonstrate a breadth of knowledge in computer

science, as exemplified in the areas of systems, theory and

software development.

• Students will demonstrate ability to conduct a research or applied

Computer Science project, requiring writing and presentation skills

which exemplify scholarly style in computer science.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Today one cannot afford to rely on the fallible human beings of be

really wants to stand against today’s merciless competition where not to

wise saying “to err is human” no longer valid, it’s outdated to rationalize

your mistake. So, to keep pace with time, to bring about the best result

without malfunctioning and greater efficiency so to replace the unending

heaps of flieswith a much sophisticated hard disk of the computer.

One has to use the data management software. Software has been

an ascent in atomization various organisations. Many software products

working are now in markets, which have helped in making the

organizations work easier and efficiently. Data management initially had

to maintain a lot of ledgers and a lot of paper work has to be done but

now software product on this organization has made their work faster and

easier. Now only this software has to be loaded on the computer and work

can be done.

This prevents a lot of time and money. The work becomes fully

automated and any information regarding the organization can be obtained

by clicking the button. Moreover, now it’s an age of computers of and

automatingsuch an organization gives the better look.

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

The systems development life cycle is a project management

technique that divides complex projects into smaller, more easily
managed segments or phases. Segmenting projects allows managers to
verify the successful completion of project phases before allocating
resources to subsequent phases.

Software development projects typically include initiation, planning,

design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance phases.
However, the phases may be divided differently depending on the
organization involved.
For example, initial project activities might be designated as
request, requirements-definition, and planning phases, or initiation,
concept- development, and planning phases. End users of the system
under development should be involved in reviewing the output of each
phase to ensure the system is being built to deliver the needed
functionality.
PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

INITIATION PHASE

The Initiation Phase begins when a business sponsor identifies a need or an

opportunity.

The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to:

• Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business

accomplishments of the organization or a deficiency related to abusiness
need.
• Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need.
• Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to
satisfy the need including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a
change in the business process offer a solution?
• Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship. The
Sponsor designates a Project Manager and the business need is
documented in a Concept Proposal. The Concept Proposal includes
information about the business process and the relationship to the
Agency/Organization.
• Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal
results in a Project Management Charter which outlines the authority ofthe
project manager to begin the project.

Careful oversight is required to ensure projects support strategic

business objectives and resources are effectively implemented into an
organization's enterprise architecture. The initiation phase begins when an
opportunity to add, improve, or correct a system is identified and formally
requested through the presentation of a business case. The business case
should, at a minimum, describe a proposal’s purpose, identify expected benefits,
and explain how the proposed system supports one of the organization’s
business strategies. The business case should also identify
alternative solutions and detail as many informational, functional, and networkrequirements
as possible.
SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or

opportunity is validated by the Agency/Organization Program Leadership and the
Agency/Organization CIO.

The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:

• Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives.

• Identify system interfaces.
• Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business
need.
• Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives, critical success
factors, and performance measures.
• Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the
basic functional requirements
• Assess project risks
• Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions, andDevelop high-level
technical architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of
operations. This phase explores potential technical solutions within the
context of the business need.
• It may include several trade-off decisions such as the decision to use
COTS software products as opposed to developing custom software or
reusing software components, or the decision to use an incremental
delivery versus a complete, onetime deployment.
• Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to evaluate
technology to support the business process. The System Boundary
Document serves as an important reference document to support the
Information Technology Project Request (ITPR) process.
• The ITPR must be approved by the State CIO before the project can
move forward.
PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC:

PLANNING PHASE

The planning phase is the most critical step in completing development,

acquisition, and maintenance projects. Careful planning, particularly in the early
stages of a project, is necessary to coordinate activities and manage project
risks effectively. The depth and formality of project plans should be
commensurate with the characteristics and risks of agiven project. Project plans
refine the information gathered during the initiation phase by further identifying
the specific activities and resources required to complete a project.
A critical part of a project manager’ sjob is to coordinate discussions
between user, audit, security, design, development, and network personnel to
identify and document as many functional, security, and network requirements
as possible. During this phase, a plan is developed that documents the
approach to be used and includes a discussion of methods, tools, tasks,
resources, project schedules, and user input. Personnel assignments, costs,
project schedule, and target dates are established.
A Project Management Plan is created with components related to
acquisition planning, configuration management planning, quality assurance
planning, concept of operations, system security, verification and validation,and
systems engineering management planning.

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS PHASE

This phase formally defines the detailed functional user requirements

using high-level requirements identified in the Initiation, System Concept, and
Planning phases. It also delineates the requirements in terms of data, system
performance, security, and maintainability requirements for the system. The
requirements are defined in this phase to a level of detail sufficient for systems
design to proceed. They need to be measurable, testable, and relate to the
business need or opportunity identified in the Initiation Phase. The requirements
that will be used to determine acceptance of the system are captured in the Test
and Evaluation MasterPlan.

The purposes of this phase are to:

• Further define and refine the functional and data requirements

anddocument them in the Requirements Document,
• Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be
supported (i.e., verify what information drives the business
process,what information is generated, who generates it, where does
the information go, and who processes it),
• Develop detailed data and process models (system inputs,
outputs,and the process.
• Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used to
determine acceptable system performance.
DESIGN PHASE

The design phase involves converting the informational, functional, and

network requirements identified during the initiation and planning phases into
unified design specifications that developers use to script programs during the
development phase. Program designs are constructed in various ways. Using a
top-down approach, designers first identify and link major program components
and interfaces, then expand design layouts as they identify and
link smaller subsystems and connections. Using a bottom-up approach,
designers first identify and link minor program components and interfaces, then
expand design layouts as they identify and link larger systems and connections.
Contemporary design techniques often use prototyping tools that build mock-up
designs of items such as application screens, database layouts, and system
architectures. End users, designers, developers, database managers, and
network administrators should review and refine the prototyped designs in an
iterative process until they agree on an acceptable design. Audit, security, and
quality assurance personnel should be involved in the review and approval
process. During this phase, the system is designed to satisfy the functional
requirements identified in the previous phase. Since problems in the design
phase could be very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software
development, a variety of elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk.
These include:

• Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design features.

• Performing a security risk assessment.
• Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to the new
system.
• Determining the operating environment.
• Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs.
• Allocating processes to resources.
• Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software module. The
result is a draft System Design Document which captures the preliminary
design for the system.
• Everything requiring user input or approval is documented and reviewed
by the user. Once these documents have been approved by the Agency
CIO and Business Sponsor, the final System Design Document is
created to serve as the Critical/Detailed Design for the system.
• This document receives a rigorous review byAgency technical and
functional representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business
requirements. Concurrent with the development of the system design,the
Agency Project Manager begins development of the
 Implementation Plan, Operations and Maintenance Manual, and the
Training Plan.
DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The development phase involves converting design specifications

into executable programs. Effective development standards include
requirements that programmers and other project participants discuss
design specifications before programming begins. The procedures help
ensure programmers clearly understand program designs and functional
requirements. Programmers use various techniques to develop computer
programs. The large transaction oriented programs associated with financial
institutions have traditionally been developed using procedural programming
techniques. Procedural programming involves the line-by- line scripting of
logical instructions that are combined to form a program. Effective
completion of the previous stages is a key factor in the success of the
Development phase. The Development phase consists of:

• Translating the detailed requirements and design into

systemcomponents.
• Testing individual elements (units) for usability.
• Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.
INTEGRATION AND TEST PHASE
• Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is
conducted during the integration and test phase. The user, with those
responsible for quality assurance, validates that the functional
requirements, as defined in the functional requirements document, are
satisfied by the developed or modified system. OIT Security staff assess
the system security and issue a security certification and accreditation
prior to installation/implementation.

Multiple levels of testing are performed, including:

• Testing at the development facility by the contractor and possibly

supported by end users
 • Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with
contract personnel
• Operational testing by the end user alone performing all functions.
Requirements are traced throughout testing,a final Independent
Verification & Validation evaluation is performed and all documentation
is reviewed and accepted prior to acceptance of the system.

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by
the user. In this phase, the system is installed to support the intended business
functions. System performance is compared to performance objectives
established during the planning phase. Implementation includes user
notification, user training, installation of hardware, installation of software onto
production computers, and integration of the system into daily work processes.
This phase continues until the system is operating in production in accordance
with the defined user requirements.
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE
The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued
performance in accordance with user requirements and needed system
modifications are incorporated. Operations continue as long as the system can
be effectively adapted to respond to the organization’s needs. When
modifications or changes are identified, the system may reenter the planning
phase.
The purpose of this phase is to:

• Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

• Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
• Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the
functionalrequirements continue to be satisfied.
• Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced,
orretired.
 SOURCE CODE

FILE NAME : TABLES

import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='
root',passwd='manager')
cursor=mycon.cursor()
mycon.autocommit=True
s1="create database railway"
cursor.execute(s1)
s1="create table railway(name
varchar(100),phnovarchar(15) primary
key,age
int(4),gender
varchar(50),from_f varchar(100),to_t
varchar(100),date_d varchar(20))"
cursor.execute(s1)
s1="create table user_accounts(fname
varchar(100),lname
varchar(100),user_name
varchar(100) ,password varchar(100)
primary
key, phno varchar(15),gender
varchar(50),dob varchar(50),age
varchar(4))"
cursor.execute(s1)

FILE NAME : MAIN

def menu():
print('1.YES')
print('2.NO')
ch=int(input('DO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE OR
NOT:'))
 while ch==1:
print('WELECOME TO ONLINE RAILWAY
RESERVATION
SYSTEM’)
print('1.SIGN IN')
print('2.SIGN UP')
print('3.DELETE ACCOUNT')
print('4.EXIT')
ch1=int(input('ENTER YOUR CHOICE:'))
if ch1==1:
a=checking(
)if a==True:
print('WELCOME')
main()
else:
continue
elif ch1==2:
a=checking_1(
)if a==True:
main(
)else:
print('PASSWORD ALREADY EXISTS')
continue
elif ch1==3:
c=checking_2(
)if c==True:
print('ACCOUNT DELETED’)
continu
eelse:
 print('YOUR PASSWAORD OR
USER_NAME IS INCORRECT')
continue

elif ch1==4:
print('THANK YOU')
break

else:

print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT FOUND')

break
def main():

print('1.yes')
print('2.no')
c=int(input("do you want to continue or not:")
while (c==1):
print(' 1.TICKET BOOKING',"\n",
'2.TICKET
CHECKING',"\n",'3.TICKET,
CANCELLING'"\n",'4.ACCOUNT
DETAILS',"\n",'5.LOG OUT')
ch=int(input('enter ur
choice:'))if ch==1:
ticket_booking()
elif ch==2:
ticket_checking()
elif ch==3:
ticket_cancelling()
elif ch==4:
checking_3()
 elif ch==5:
print('THANK YOU')
break
else:
print('ERROR 404: ERROR PAGE NOT FOUND')

def ticket_booking():
import mysql.connector
Mycon=mysql.connector.connect
(host='localhost',
User='root', passwd='manager',
database='railway')
Cursor=mycon.cursor ()
mycon.autocommit=True
nm=input('enter your name:')
phno=input('enter your phone number:')
age=int(input('enter your age:'))
print(' M=MALE','\n','F=FEMALE','\n','N=NOT
TO
MENTION')
gender=input('enter your gender:')
Gender=gender.upper()
fr=input('enter ur starting
point:')to=input('enter your
destination:') date1=input('enter
date(dd):') date2=input('enter
month(mm):') date3=input('enter
year(yyyy):')
date=date1+"/"+date2+"/"+date3
 a={'M':'MALE','F':'FEMALE','N':'NOT TO
MENTION'}
v=a[Gender]
s1="insert into railway values ('{}',{},
{},'{}','{}','{}','{}')".format(nm,phno,
age,v,fr,to,date)

cursor.execute(s1)
print('BOOKED SUCCESSFULLY')

def ticket_checking():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='root',passwd='manager',database='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor(
)
mycon.autocommit=Tru
eprint('1.yes')
print('2.no')
ch=int(input("do you want to continue
ornot:"))

if ch==1:
phno=int(input('enter your phnone
number:'))
try:

s1="select * from railwaywhere

phno=phno"
cursor.execute(s1)
 data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
Data=list(data)

a=['NAME','PHONE,NUMBER','AGE','GENDER','STARTING
POINT','DESTINATION','DATE',]
print(a[0],'::::',Data[0].upper())
print(a[1],'::::',Data[1])
print(a[2],'::::',Data[2])
print(a[3],'::::',Data[3].upper())
print(a[4],'::::',Data[4].upper())
print(a[5],'::::',Data[5].upper())
print(a[6],'::::',Data[6])
except:
print('TICKET DOES NOT EXISTS')
elif ch==2:
print('THANK YOU')
else:
print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT FOUND')

def ticket_cancelling():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='root',passwd='manager',database='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor(
)
mycon.autocommit=Tru
eprint('1.yes')
 print('2.no')
ch=int(input("do you want to continue
ornot:"))
if ch==1:
phno=input('enter your phone number:')
s1="delete from railway where phno=phno"
cursor.execute(s1)
print('TICKET CANCELLED')
elif ch==2:
print('THANK YOU')
else:
print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT FOUND')

def checking_2():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='root',passwd='manager',database='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor(
)
mycon.autocommit=Tru
e a=input('USER
NAME:') b=input('PASS
WORD:')try:
s1="select user_name from
user_accountswhere password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
if data[0]==a:
 print('
IS THIS YOUR ACCOUNT')
s1="select user_name from
user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
c1="select fname,lname from
user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(c1)
data1=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data1=list(data1)
data1=data1[0]+''+data1[1]
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
if data[0]==a:
x = [ ' F I R S T
NAME','LAST NAME','PHONE
NUMBER','GENDER','DATE OFBIRTH','AGE']
s1="select
fname,lname,phno,gender,dob,age from
user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
print(x[0],':::',data[0])
print(x[1],':::',data[1])
print(x[2],':::',data[2])
print(x[3],':::',data[3])
print(x[4],':::',data[4])
print(x[5],':::',data[5])
 print('

1. yes')
print('

2. no')
vi=int(input('enter your

choice:'))
if vi==1:
b1="delete from

user_accounts where password = '{}'".format(b)

cursor.execute(b1)
return True
elif vi==2:
print('SORRY,RETRY')
else:
print('ERROR 404:PAGE NOT

FOUND')

else:
return False

except:
print('ACCOUNT DOES NOT EXIST')

def checking_1():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='root',passwd='manager',database='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor()
mycon.autocommit=True
 f=input("FIRST NAME:")
l=input("LAST NAME:")

a=input('USER NAME:')
b=input('PASS WORD:')
c=input('RE-ENTER YOUR PASS WORD:')
ph=input("PHONE NUMBER:")
print('
M=MALE','\n','F=FEMALE','\n','N=NOTTO MENTION')
gen=input('ENTER YOUR GENDER:')
print("ENTER YOR DATE OF BIRTH")
d=input("DD:")
o=input("MM:")
p=input("YYYY:")
dob=d+'/'+o+'/'+p
age=input('YOUR AGE:')
v={'m':'MALE','f':'FEMALE','n':'NOT TO
MENTION'}
if b==c:
try:
c1="insert into user_accounts
values('{}','{}','{}','{}','{}','{}','{}','{}')".
format(f,l,a,b,ph,v[gen],dob,age)
cursor.execute(c1)
print('WELCOME',f,l)
return True
except:
print('PASSWORD ALREADY EXISTS')
return False
 else:
print('BOTH PASSWORDS ARE NOT MATCHING')

def checking():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='root',passwd='manager',database='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor(
)
mycon.autocommit=Tru
e a=input('USER
NAME:') b=input('PASS
WORD:')try:
s1="select user_name from user_accounts
where password='{}'".format(b)
c1="select fname,lname from
user_accountswhere password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(c1)
data1=cursor.fetchall()[0]

data1=list(data1)
data1=data1[0]+''+data1[1]
cursor.execute(s1) data=cursor.fetchall()
[0] data=list(data)[0]
if data==a:
print(' HII ',data1)
return True
else:
 return False
except:
print('ACCOUNT DOES NOT EXIST')

def checking_3():
import mysql.connector

mycon=mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',us
er='root',passwd='manager',database='railway')
cursor=mycon.cursor(
)
mycon.autocommit=Tru
e a=input('USER
NAME:') b=input('PASS
WORD:')try:
s1="select user_name from user_accounts
where password='{}'".format(b)
c1="select fname,lname from
user_accountswhere password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(c1)
data1=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data1=list(data1)
data1=data1[0]+''+data1[1]
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
if data[0]==a:

x=['FIRST NAME','LAST NAME','PHONE

NUMBER','GENDER','DATE OF BIRTH','AGE']
 s1="select
fname,lname,phno,gender,dob,age from
user_accounts where password='{}'".format(b)
cursor.execute(s1)
data=cursor.fetchall()[0]
data=list(data)
print(x[0],':::',data[0])
print(x[1],':::',data[1])
print(x[2],':::',data[2])
print(x[3],':::',data[3])
print(x[4],':::',data[4])
print(x[5],':::',data[5])

else:
return False
except:
print('ACCOUNT DOES NOT EXIST')

menu()
OUTPUT

CHOICE WINDOW

IF CHOICE IS 1 (LOGIN WINDOW)

F CHOICE IS 2(SIGN UP WINDOW)

IF CHOICE IS 3(DELETE ACCOUNT)

 IF CHOICE IS4(EXIT)

IF CHOICE IS 5 OR MORE

SECOND CHOICE LIST AFTER LOGIN

IF CHOICE IS 1(TICKET BOOKING)

IF CHOICE IS 2 (TICKET CHECKING)

 IF CHOICE IS 3 (TICKET CANCELLING)

IF CHOICE IS 4 (ACCOUNT DETAILS)

F CHOICE IS 5 (LOG OUT)

IF CHOICE IS 5 OR MORE
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Computer science With Python - Class XII

By : Sumita Arora

• Website: https://www.w3resource.com