Cell Biology MCQs
1. Who first observed and described a live cell?
a) Robert Brown
b) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
c) Matthias Schleiden
d) Theodor Schwann
Answer: b) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
2. The cell theory was proposed by...
a) Rudolf Virchow
b) Schleiden and Schwann
c) Robert Hooke
d) Robert Brown
Answer: b) Schleiden and Schwann
3. Who added the concept that 'all cells arise from pre-existing cells' to the cell theory?
a) Robert Hooke
b) Rudolf Virchow
c) Matthias Schleiden
d) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
Answer: b) Rudolf Virchow
4. Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome
c) Chloroplast
d) Mitochondrion
Answer: d) Mitochondrion
5. Which cell structure is involved in protein synthesis?
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosomes
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Lysosomes
Answer: b) Ribosomes
6. Which type of cells lack membrane-bound organelles?
a) Prokaryotic cells
b) Eukaryotic cells
c) Animal cells
d) Plant cells
Answer: a) Prokaryotic cells
7. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
a) Presence of a well-defined nucleus
b) Absence of cell wall
c) Lack of membrane-bound organelles
d) Presence of mitochondria
Answer: c) Lack of membrane-bound organelles
8. The cell wall in plant cells is primarily composed of...
a) Protein
b) Phospholipids
c) Cellulose
d) Glycogen
Answer: c) Cellulose
9. Which cell organelle is responsible for packaging and transporting proteins?
a) Mitochondrion
b) Endoplasmic Reticulum
c) Golgi Apparatus
d) Lysosome
Answer: c) Golgi Apparatus
10. What is the function of lysosomes?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Cellular respiration
c) Digesting cellular waste
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: c) Digesting cellular waste
11. Which structure controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
a) Cell wall
b) Cytoplasm
c) Plasma membrane
d) Nucleus
Answer: c) Plasma membrane
12. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is located in...
a) The mitochondria
b) The Golgi apparatus
c) The nucleus
d) The ribosomes
Answer: c) The nucleus
13. Which type of cells have a nucleus that is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane?
a) Prokaryotic cells
b) Eukaryotic cells
c) Plant cells
d) Animal cells
Answer: a) Prokaryotic cells
14. The plasma membrane is composed primarily of...
a) Proteins only
b) Lipids only
c) Phospholipid bilayer
d) Carbohydrates only
Answer: c) Phospholipid bilayer
15. Which structure is unique to plant cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Cell wall
c) Mitochondrion
d) Lysosome
Answer: b) Cell wall
16. In which cell structure would you find DNA and proteins arranged into chromatin?
a) Ribosomes
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Nucleus
Answer: d) Nucleus
17. What are ribosomes composed of?
a) DNA and proteins
b) RNA and proteins
c) Lipids and proteins
d) Carbohydrates and proteins
Answer: b) RNA and proteins
18. Which organelle in plant cells contains chlorophyll and is essential for photosynthesis?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Chloroplast
d) Golgi apparatus
Answer: c) Chloroplast
19. What type of cellular structure are cilia and flagella?
a) Protein filaments involved in intracellular transport
b) Proteinaceous structures used for cell locomotion
c) DNA-rich structures involved in protein synthesis
d) Membrane-bound organelles used in secretion
Answer: b) Proteinaceous structures used for cell locomotion
20. Which organelle is often referred to as the 'suicidal bag' of the cell due to its digestive enzymes?
a) Mitochondria
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Lysosome
d) Endoplasmic Reticulum
Answer: c) Lysosome
21. What is the name of the double-layered membrane surrounding the nucleus?
a) Plasma membrane
b) Nuclear envelope
c) Cell wall
d) Nucleolus
Answer: b) Nuclear envelope
22. Which organelle serves as the site for lipid synthesis?
a) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
b) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
c) Golgi Apparatus
d) Mitochondria
Answer: b) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
23. Which of the following structures is responsible for maintaining cell shape and providing structural supp
a) Cytoskeleton
b) Lysosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Golgi apparatus
Answer: a) Cytoskeleton
24. What is the function of the central vacuole in plant cells?
a) Storing nutrients, waste, and water
b) Protein synthesis
c) Photosynthesis
d) DNA storage
Answer: a) Storing nutrients, waste, and water
25. What are plasmodesmata?
a) Connections between cells for cellular communication
b) Structural proteins in cell membranes
c) Proteins for cell movement
d) Organelles for ATP production
Answer: a) Connections between cells for cellular communication
