DEVI TUITIONS : MEETAMISS - 9624760101
English Grammar – Direct Indirect
• When converting Direct into Indirect speech
1. Changes in Reporting verb(As per Table) 5. Changes in other words
• this → that • these → those
2. Changes in conjunction(As per Table)
• here → there • just now/now → then
3. Changes in personal pronoun
• come → go • ago → before
(Understanding)
• today → that day • tonight → that night
4. Changes in Tense
• yesterday → the previous day
• am/is/are → was/were → had been
• last year/week → the previous year/week
• have/has → had • next week/year → the following week/year
• shall/will →would, can →could, may→ might • tomorrow → the next day/the following day
• Simple Present Tense → Simple Past Tense • thus → so
→ Past Perfect Tense
Types of Reporting Verb Conjunction
No.
Sentence
said (if no listener), told (if listener is there)
1. Assertive that
informed, remarked, answered, replied
if Wh question
asked, inquired of, then Wh word
2. Interrogative
interrogated otherwise if or
whether
ordered, commanded, Affirmative → to
Imperative,
3. requested, advised, instructed, warned, threatened,
Let
suggested, proposed, asked / told Negative → not to
sadly/sorrowfully,
Exclamatory surprisingly, joyfully/gladly,
admiringly, praisefully, DEVI
Speaker + angrily, annoyingly,
4. exclaimed + to
that
delightfully, sorrowfully, disgustfully,
Listener + adverb lovingly/affectionately,
+ that wonderfully, disagreeably,
contemptuously, tauntingly
if the sentence
Optative wished with ‘may’ then
5.
prayed ‘that’ otherwise no
conjunction.
Let
6A. proposed to, suggested to that
(should)
Let
6B. (should be allowed requested that
to)
Special Note:
1. If the sentences are Interrogative, Exclamatory and with ‘may’, first convert the sentence in
Assertive.
2. If the reporting verb are say, says, have/has said, shall/will say then apply changes No. 1, 2, 3.
3. If the reporting verb is said then apply changes No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
DEVI
||| DIRECT – INDIRECT - EXERCISES|||
∗ ASSERTIVE SENTENSES :
1. The teacher said to Ramesh, “You are very clever.”
2. The doctor said to patient, “You should eat an apple a day regularly.”
“
3. Trupti said to Nandini, “You have never lived in Palanpur.”
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4. Pooja said to Kavita, “I did not take your grammar.”
5. Mr. Sahani said to his wife, “I cannot accompany you to see the drama today.”
6. Kajalben said to her son, “I paid your fees to your teacher yesterday.”
7. My uncle said to me, “I shall give you fifty rupees tomorrow.”
∗ INTERROGATIVE SENTENSES :
1. The teacher said to the boy, “Have you brought your homework?”
2. Prem said to Priya,” What are you reading now?"
3. Hanu asked Ram,” How can I help you?”
4. Saurabh said, “Sugam, did you check your pocket?”
5. “Akash, what did you pay for this dictionary?” said Mira.
6. I said, “Jignesh, where did I meet you last Sunday?”
7. The principal asked, “How do you get good marks without my help, students?”
8. Amit said to Anuradha, “Is your mother ill?”
∗ IMPERATIVE SENTENSES :
1. Mansi said to her teacher, “Kindly guide me in this matter.”
2. My elder brother said to me, “Don’t do over work.”
3. The master said to servant, “Complete this work first.”
4. The doctor said to her, “Take great care of your health.”
5. Mitul said to vipul, “Give me that pen.”
6. Kush said to his sister, “Please help me in my work.”
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7. The teacher said, “Raj, go to the market and buy a file.”
8. The colonel told his soldiers, “Go ahead.”
∗ EXCLAMATORY SENTENSES :
1. The lady said, “What a nice child you are, Shubham!”
2. Kamini said to her friend, “Wow! what a wonderful dress you have put on today!”
3. The manager said, “How excellently you talk with the visitors, Lopa!”
4. The players cried out, “Hurrah! we have won the match!”
5. Rachana said to Bijal, “What a beautiful dress you have bought today!”
6. Kaushik said to his friend, “How happy I am at your house!”
7. Pinkesh said to his friend, “What a picture!”
8. Madhu said, “How dirty!”
∗ OPTATIVE SENTENSES :
1. The teacher said, “Good morning, students.”
2. While parting my friend said to me, “Good bye and good day.”
3. He said to me, “May you live long and be prosperous.”
4. On my birthday, my relatives said to me, “May you live long.”
5. Our teacher said to the students, “Good morning.”
6. The father told his son, “May God give you strength to face the problems in your life.”
7. On the death of Raju’s father, his friends said to him, “May his soul rest in peace in heaven.”
8. A European said to me, “Thank you very much.”
∗ SENTENSES WITH ‘LET’ :
1. Shweta said to her mother, “Let’s go for a walk.”
2. Richa said to her friend, “Let’s not talk over the things that annoy us.”
3. Mother said,” Let her play with the vessels.”
4. The advocate said to his client, “Let me know what your problem is.”
5. Kalpana said to Manush, “Let me finish my homework.” DEVI
6. Hiren said to Vishakha, “Let Vimal do what he likes.”
7. Divya said to me, “Don’t let me tease.”
8. The teacher said to the pupils, “Let us go to see the science fair.”
LEARN ENGLISH THE EASY WAY ONLY AT DEVI.
