SECTION 3B PSYCHIA BM2 QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following is a common symptom of depression in children?

A. Increased appetite
B. School phobia .
C. Excessive sleep
D. Increased motivation
2. Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of Bipolar Disorder?
a) Persistent sadness
b) Manic episodes.
c) Social withdrawal
d) Excessive sleep

3. Which form of Bipolar Disorder is considered to be the most severe form of mental
illness?
A. Bipolar I .
B. B. Bipolar II
C. C. Cyclothymic Disorder
D. D. None of the above Answer: A
4. According to DSM-5, what is the minimum duration required for a manic episode to meet
the diagnostic criteria for Bipolar I Disorder?
A. 3 days
B. B. 5 days
C. C. 1 week.
D. D. 2 weeks Answer: C
5. Which of the following is a defining characteristic of Persistent Depressive Disorder
(Dysthymia)?
A. Periodic manic episodes
B. B. Continuous depressed mood lasting most of the day for at least 2 years.
C. C. Episodic depressive symptoms with full remission between episodes
D. D. Onset exclusively in middle age or later Answer: B
6. Which of the following is a common complication associated with Cyclothymic Disorder?
A. Substance abuse for self-medication or stimulation.
B. Complete remission without treatment
C. High risk of psychotic episodes
D. Low susceptibility to antidepressant-induced hypomania Answer: A
7. Which of the following neurotransmitters are dysregulated in Bipolar Disorder?
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. . Norepinephrine
D. All of the above. Answer: D

8. What is a common trigger for mania?

A.SLEEP DEPRIVATION.
B.HIGH FAT DIET
C. SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE
D. LOW BLOOD PRESSURE
9. What form of treatment is still used today for Major Depressive Disorder?
A. Insulin shock therapy
B. B. Electroconvulsive therapy.
C. C. Bloodletting
D. D. Poppy extract and donkey's milk Answer: B
10. What do twin studies suggest about the role of genetics in mood disorders?
A. Genetics explain 100% of the cause of mood disorders
B. . Twin studies show that environment plays no role in the development of mood disorders
C. Genes account for 50 to 70 percent of the etiology of mood disorders, and the remainder
is influenced by environmental or nonheritable factors.
D. Dizygotic twins have a higher concordance rate for mood disorders than monozygotic
twins Answer: C
11. How long must someone be exhibiting manic symptoms to be diagnosed with mania?
A. 2 weeks
B. 1 month
C. 1 week.
D. 2 months Answer: C
12. What is the typical age of onset for Bipolar Disorder?
A. Childhood
B. Adolescence to early adulthood.
C. Late adulthood
D. . Infancy Answer: B
13. What brain structure is primarily involved in processing novel emotional stimuli and
coordinating cortical responses?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Anterior cingulate cortex
C. Hippocampus
D. Amygdala. Answer: D

14. Which mood disorder is characterized by at least two years of depressed mood that does
NOT meet the criteria for a major depressive episode?

A. Bipolar I
B. Bipolar II
C. Cyclothymic Disorder.
D. None of the above ANS :C

15. Which of the following statements is true about Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder?
A. It occurs only in Bipolar I Disorder
B. It is characterized by at least four mood episodes in a year.
C. It requires the presence of psychotic features.
D. . It is a less severe form of Bipolar Disorder. Answer: B
16. In Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), depressive episodes most commonly occur during:
A. Spring
B. . Summer
C. . Autumn
D. Winter. Answer: D
17. What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for Bipolar Depression?
A. Haloperidol
B. Lithium or Lamotrigine.
C. Sertraline
D. Diazepam Answer: B
18. Which of the following is a non-pharmacological treatment option for mood disorders?
A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
B. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
C. Interpersonal therapy (IPT
D. All of the above. Answer: D
19. The "kindling hypothesis" in mood disorders suggests:
A. Repeated mood episodes increase the brain's vulnerability to future episodes.
B. Early trauma has no effect on mood disorders
C. Genetics have no role in mood disorders
D. Environmental triggers are not significant in mood disorders
Answer: A
20. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a depressive episode?
A. Lack of interest in activities
B. Increased energy.
C. Feelings of worthlessness
D. Sleep disturbances ans: B

21. The minimum duration for diagnosing Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) in
children is:
A. 6 months
B. 1 year.
C. . 2 years
D. 3 years Answer: B
22. Which of the following is an atypical symptom of depression?
A. Weight gain
B. Hypersomnia
C. Mood reactivity
D. All of the above. Answer: D
23. Which of the following medications is commonly used as a mood stabilizer?
A. Fluoxetine
B. Valproate.
C. . Risperidone
D. Diazepam
Answer: B
24. Which form of psychotherapy focuses on changing distorted thinking patterns?
A. Psychoanalysis
B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
C. Humanistic therapy
D. Family therapy Answer: B
25. Which of the following describes Bipolar I Disorder?
A. Periods of major depression alternating with hypomania
B. Episodes of major depression alternating with full-blown mania.
C. Persistent low-level depressive symptoms
D. Recurrent depressive episodes with psychotic features Answer: B
26. Which of the following is considered a protective factor against depression?
A. A strong social support system.
B. Chronic illness
C. . Lack of sleep
D. Negative style ANS :a
27. An important diagnostic criterion for Cyclothymic Disorder is:
A. Psychotic episodes during manic phases
B. Presence of depressive episodes meeting major depression criteria
C. Chronic mood fluctuations for at least two years.
D. Symptoms exclusive to adolescence Answer: C
28. A patient with Bipolar Disorder experiencing mood swings more than four times a year is
said to have:
A. Seasonal Affective Disorder
B. Rapid Cycling.
C. . Mixed Features
D. Cyclothymia Answer: B
29. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of depression?
A. Psychomotor retardation
B. . Euphoric mood.
C. Difficulty concentrating
D. Suicidal ideation Answer: B
30. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is classified under:
A. Anxiety Disorders
B. Depressive Disorders.
C. Personality Disorders
D. Somatic Symptom Disorders Answer: B
31. Which of the following is a known risk factor for Bipolar Disorder?
A. Family history of the disorder.
B. Persistent feelings of guilt
C. History of traumatic brain injury
D. Excessive physical activity Answer: A
32. Which of the following drugs is NOT commonly used to treat Bipolar Disorder?
A. Carbamazepine
B. B. Valproate
C. Lithium
D. Clozapine. Answer: D
33. What is a distinguishing feature of Atypical Depression?
A. Increased appetite
B. Mood reactivity
C. Rejection sensitivity
D. All of the above. Answer: D
34. Which therapy is particularly useful for patients with seasonal patterns of mood
disorders?
A. Electroconvulsive therapy
B. Bright light therapy.
C. Dialectical behavior therapy
D. . Hypnosis Answer: B
35. Which of the following is a key symptom of a manic episode?
A. Excessive energy.
B. . Lethargy
C. . Pessimistic outlook
D. Loss of appetite Answer: A
36. Suicide rates are highest among which group with mood disorders?
A. Adolescents
B. Elderly males with major depressive disorder.
C. Middle-aged females with dysthymia
D. Children with bipolar disorder Answer: B
37. Which neurotransmitter is commonly targeted by antidepressant medications?
A. Dopamine
B. Serotonin.
C. GABA
D. . Glutamate Answer: B
38. Which of the following is a subtype of Major Depressive Disorder?
A. Atypical Depression
B. Seasonal Affective Disorder
C. Psychotic Depression
D. All of the above.
Answer: D
39. In DSM-5, a diagnosis of Mixed Features in Bipolar Disorder requires:
A. The presence of psychosis
B. Simultaneous symptoms of both mania and depression.
C. Exclusively depressive symptoms
D. None of the above Answer: B
40. The primary treatment goal for Bipolar Disorder is:
A. Curing the disorder completely
B. Stabilizing mood to prevent relapses.
C. . Eliminating all manic episodes
D. Ensuring the patient never uses medication Answer: B
41. Which of the following is not seen in mania?
A. Delusion of grandeur
B. Elation
C. Pressure of speech
D. Disorientation. Answer: D
42. The most common age group for depression is:
A. Middle-aged men
B. Middle-aged females.
C. Young girls
D. Children Answer: B
43. In Bipolar II Disorder, major depressive episodes alternate with periods of:
A. Hyperventilation
B. Hypomania.
C. Hypothermia
D. . Hypoxia Answer: B
44. The neurotransmitters involved in depression are:
A. GABA and dopamine
B. Serotonin and norepinephrine.
C. Dopamine and serotonin
D. GABA and norepinephrine Answer: B
45. The experience of two years of hypomania symptoms that do not meet the criteria for a
manic episode is known as:
A. Dysthymic Disorder
B. . Dissociative Disorder
C. . Cyclothymic Disorder.
D. Personality Disorder Answer: C
 46. Which of the following is one of the most influential theories of depression?
A. Freud's Psychodynamic Theory
B. Beck's Cognitive Theory.
C. Seligman's Learned Helplessness Theory
D. Berne's Humanistic Theory Answer: B
47. One of the major drug therapies for Bipolar Disorder is:
A. Chlorpromazine
B. Lithium.
C. Clozapine
D. Benzodiazepine Answer: B
48. A period of normalcy is seen between two psychotic episodes in:
A. Schizophrenia
B. . Manic Depressive Psychosis.
C. . Alcoholism
D. Depression Answer: B
49. Which of the following differentiates mania from hypomania?
A. Increased goal-directed activity
B. Grandiosity
C. Duration of symptoms.
D. Decreased need for sleep Answer: C
50. Hopelessness Theory proposes that depression can be predicted by:
A. Negative attributional style
B. Negative life events
C. Low self-esteem
D. All of the above. Answer: D

51.A core symptom of major depressive disorder is:

a) Grandiosity
b) Depressed mood.
c) Increased energy
d) Flight of ideas

52.Bipolar I disorder is characterized by the presence of:

a) Manic or mixed episodes.

b) Major depressive episodes
c) Hypomanic episodes
d) Dysthymic disorder

53. A common comorbidity with bipolar disorder is:

e) Panic disorder
f) Substance abuse.
g) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
h) Social anxiety disorder

54.Lithium is a first-line treatment for:

o a) Bipolar disorder.
o b) Major depressive disorder
 o c) Generalized anxiety disorder
o d) Panic disorder

55. Rapid cycling bipolar disorder is characterized by:

a. a) Four or more mood episodes in a year.
b. b) A single manic episode
c. c) Chronic low-grade depression
d. d) Alternating hypomanic and depressive episodes
56. The cognitive-behavioral model of depression emphasizes the role of:
a. a) Negative thoughts and beliefs.
b. b) Neurotransmitter imbalances
c. c) Genetic factors
d. d) Early childhood experiences
57. A risk factor for depression is:
a. a) High self-esteem
b. b) Strong social support
c. c) Family history of depression.
d. d) Regular exercise
58. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective for:
a. a) Treatment-resistant depression.
b. b) Mild depression
c. c) Anxiety disorders
d. d) Substance use disorders
59. Common side effects of antidepressant medications include:
a. a) Increased appetite
b. b) Weight loss
c. c) Sexual dysfunction.
d. d) Hypomania
60. Psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can be helpful in the
treatment of bipolar disorder by:

 a) Directly altering brain chemistry

 b) Addressing cognitive distortions and behavioral patterns.
 c) Reducing the need for medication
 d) Preventing manic episodes

61. Which of the following is a mood stabilizer?

 a) Fluoxetine
 b) Lithium.
 c) Alprazolam
 d) Bupropion

62.Antipsychotic medications are sometimes used to treat bipolar disorder to:

 a) Induce mania
 b) Control psychotic symptoms.
 c) Enhance mood stabilization
 d) Reduce anxiety

63. Family therapy can be beneficial for individuals with bipolar disorder by:

 a) Providing direct therapy to the individual

 b) Improving communication and reducing stress within the family.
 c) Administering medication
 d) Monitoring for suicidal ideation

64. Adherence to medication is crucial for the long-term management of bipolar

disorder because:

 a) It can cure the disorder

 b) It can prevent mood episodes and reduce symptoms.
 c) It can enhance cognitive function
 d) It can improve social skills

65. Dysthymia is characterized by:

 a) Brief periods of depressed mood

 b) Chronic low-grade depression.
 c) Manic episodes
 d) Rapid cycling mood swings

66. Cyclothymia is a milder form of:

 a) Bipolar disorder.
 b) Major depressive disorder
 c) Generalized anxiety disorder
 d) Panic disorder

67.A common comorbidity with cyclothymia is:

 a) Schizophrenia
 b) Substance abuse.
 c) Panic disorder
 d) Social anxiety disorder

68.Cyclothymia often progresses to:

 a) Bipolar disorder.
 b) Major depressive disorder
 c) Generalized anxiety disorder
 d) Panic disorder

69.The challenges in diagnosing and treating cyclothymia include:

 a) The lack of specific diagnostic criteria

 b) The subtle nature of symptoms and the difficulty in distinguishing it from other
mood disorders.
 c) The high prevalence of comorbid medical conditions
 d) The resistance of individuals with cyclothymia to seek treatment

70.A common symptom of anxiety disorders is:

 a) Grandiosity
 b) Excessive worry.
 c) Decreased energy
 d) Slowed thinking
71. Panic disorder is characterized by:

 a) Recurrent unexpected panic attacks.

 b) Chronic, low-level anxiety
 c) Fear of specific objects or situations
 d) Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors

72.The cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety disorders emphasizes the role of:

 a) Maladaptive thoughts and behaviors.

 b) Neurotransmitter imbalances
 c) Genetic factors
 d) Early childhood experiences

73.Benzodiazepines are a first-line treatment for:

 a) Depression
 b) Anxiety disorders.
 c) Bipolar disorder
 d) Schizophrenia

74.Risks of long-term benzodiazepine use include:

 a) Weight loss
 b) Increased energy
 c) Dependence and withdrawal symptoms.
 d) Hypomania
75.Cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective for the treatment of:

 a) Anxiety disorders.
 b) Schizophrenia
 c) Bipolar disorder
 d) Substance use disorders

76.Exposure therapy is a technique used to treat:

 a) Anxiety disorders.
 b) Depression
 c) Bipolar disorder
 d) Schizophrenia

77.Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can be helpful for managing anxiety by:

 a) Increasing rumination
 b) Improving attention and emotional regulation.
 c) Reducing physical activity
 d) Enhancing negative thinking patterns

78.A risk factor for suicide is:

 a) Strong social support

 b) Positive coping skills
 c) Previous suicide attempt.
 d) Effective problem-solving skills

79.Warning signs of suicide include:

 a) Increased energy and motivation

 b) Talking about death or suicide.
 c) Improved mood
 d) Increased interest in hobbies

80..It is important to directly ask patients about their suicidal thoughts because:

 a) It can help identify those at risk and initiate appropriate interventions.

 b) It may increase the risk of suicide
 c) It is insensitive and may upset the patient
 d) It is not necessary unless the patient volunteers the information

81.A protective factor against suicide is:

 a) Social isolation
 b) Substance abuse
 c) Strong social support.
 d) Hopelessness

82.Crisis intervention can be helpful in suicide prevention by:

 a) Ignoring the patient's distress

 b) Providing immediate support and stabilization.
 c) Encouraging the patient to solve their problems independently
 d) Minimizing the seriousness of the situation

83.A common symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is:

 a) Excessive worry
 b) Repetitive behaviors.
 c) Fear of open spaces
 d) Fear of contamination

84.OCD is often associated with:

 a) Schizophrenia
 b) Depression and anxiety.
 c) Bipolar disorder
 d) Substance use disorders

85.Obsessions are characterized by:

 a) Intrusive, unwanted thoughts.

 b) Repetitive behaviors
 c) Fear of specific objects or situations
 d) Excessive worry

86.The cognitive-behavioral model of OCD emphasizes the role of:

 a) Maladaptive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.

 b) Neurotransmitter imbalances
 c) Genetic factors
 d) Early childhood experiences

87.A first-line treatment for OCD is:

 a) Antipsychotics
 b) Cognitive-behavioral therapy.
 c) Mood stabilizers
 d) Antihistamines
88.Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is an effective treatment for OCD because
it helps individuals:

 a) Confront their fears and resist compulsive behaviors.

 b) Avoid situations that trigger obsessions and compulsions
 c) Meditate and practice mindfulness
 d) Use relaxation techniques to manage anxiety

89.A common comorbidity with OCD is:

 a) Schizophrenia
 b) Major Depressive Disorder.
 c) Bipolar Disorder
 d) Substance Use Disorder

90.Which of the following is a risk factor for developing OCD?

 a) Genetic predisposition.
 b) Low intelligence
 c) Poor social skills
 d) Lack of education

91.A common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is:

 a) Re-experiencing traumatic events.

 b) Decreased arousal
 c) Lack of emotional response
 d) Increased appetite

92.Acute stress disorder is characterized by:

 a) Symptoms of PTSD lasting less than one month.

 b) Chronic, low-level anxiety
 c) A specific phobia
 d) Panic attacks

93.A first-line treatment for PTSD is:

 a) Antipsychotic medication
 b) Mood stabilizers
 c) Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT).
 d) Hypnosis

94.Prolonged exposure therapy is a type of therapy used to treat:

 a) PTSD.
 b) OCD
 c) Social anxiety disorder
 d) Generalized anxiety disorder

95.A common symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is:

 a) Excessive worry.
 b) Panic attacks
 c) Specific phobias
 d) Obsessive thoughts

96.A risk factor for GAD is:

 a) Family history of anxiety disorders.

 b) High self-esteem
 c) Strong social support
 d) Regular exercise

97.A common medication used to treat GAD is:

 a) Lithium
 b) Antipsychotics
 c) Benzodiazepines.
 d) Stimulants

98.Social anxiety disorder is characterized by:

 a) Fear of social situations.

 b) Avoidance of crowds
 c) Fear of open spaces
 d) Fear of contamination

99.Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective for treating social anxiety disorder

by:

 a) Challenging negative thoughts and beliefs about social situations.

 b) Increasing social isolation
 c) Avoiding social situations
 d) Using relaxation techniques

100.A common symptom of specific phobia is:

 a) Intense fear of a specific object or situation.

 b) Panic attacks
 c) Obsessive thoughts
 d) Depressed mood