CHALLENGES
AND LIMITATION
OF INTERNAL
COMBUSTION
ENGINE
PRESENTED BY
• ABDULLAH IQBAL
• REG # 22MT027
•
• ASIM IBRAR
• REG # 22MT037
INTRODUCTION
• Internal combustion engines (ICEs) have powered the modern world for
over a century, driving advancements in transportation, industry, and
agriculture. Despite their widespread use, these engines face
significant challenges and limitations that hinder their sustainability
and efficiency. ICEs contribute heavily to environmental pollution,
relying on finite fossil fuels and emitting harmful greenhouse gases
that accelerate climate change.
•
Environmental Impact of
Internal Combustion
Engines (ICEs)
•
Air Pollution
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG): ICEs
are a significant source of CO₂, a major
contributor to global warming. For every liter
of gasoline burned, about 2.3 kg of CO₂ is
released.
Harmful Pollutants: Besides CO₂, ICEs emit
nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide
(CO), which are harmful to human health.
NOx contributes to smog formation and
respiratory diseases.
Impact on Climate
Change
ICE emissions are directly linked to rising
global temperatures. Scientists estimate that
transportation accounts for about 14% of
global GHG emissions, with ICEs being the
primary contributor in this sector
Why Regulations are
Necessary
Governments worldwide are imposing stricter rules to control air pollution and
combat climate change.
Without regulations, ICE manufacturers might prioritize cost-cutting over
environmental responsibility.
Transition
Towards Electric
Why
Transition
is
Happening
• I. Environmental Benefits:
• EVs produce zero tailpipe emissions,
significantly reducing air pollution.
• Electricity for EVs can come from
renewable sources, making them
much cleaner over their lifecycle.
II. ENERGY EFFICIENCY:
• EVs convert about 60-80% of their energy into motion, compared to 20-30% for ICEs.
•
• III. Reducing Fossil Fuel Dependency:
•
• EVs rely on electricity, which can be generated from sustainable sources like wind, solar, and hydro.
•
•
CHALLENGES IN THE TRANSITION
OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE
• Battery Manufacturing:
• Produces emissions due to mining for lithium, cobalt, and nickel, but advancements are reducing this impact.
• Charging Infrastructure:
• EV adoption requires widespread charging stations, which are still lacking in many regions.
• Cost of EVs:
• Although prices are dropping, EVs remain more expensive upfront compared to ICE vehicles.
•
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR
EVS
• Subsidies and Incentives:
• Many countries offer tax breaks, rebates, and grants to make EVs affordable for consumers.
• Example: The US provides up to $7,500 in federal tax credits for EV buyers.
• Investment in Charging Stations:
• Governments and private companies are investing heavily in EV charging infrastructure.
• Example: The EU plans to install 1 million public charging points by 2025.
• Bans on ICE Sales:
• Countries like Norway, France, and the UK have set timelines to phase out the sale of new ICE vehicles.
INVESTMENT IN CHARGING STATIONS:
• Investment in Charging Stations:
• Governments and private companies are investing heavily in EV charging infrastructure.
• Example: The EU plans to install 1 million public charging points by 2025.
• Bans on ICE Sales:
• Countries like Norway, France, and the UK have set timelines to phase out the sale of new ICE vehicles.
• The transition to electric
vehicles (EVs)
• is a key part of decarbonizing
road transport and reducing
global emissions:
• Benefits
• EVs can help reduce carbon
footprints by eliminating
tailpipe emissions. You can
further reduce the
environmental impact by
charging your EV with
renewable energy.
•
THANK YOU
