Hormones
Protocol Duration Procedure AI Timing
Used
Insert CIDR for 12–14
CIDR (Controlled
Progesterone days, remove, then inject 48–60 hours after
Internal Drug 12–14 days
(CIDR device) eCG (PMSG) to induce CIDR removal
Release)
estrus.
Insert sponge for 12–14
Progestogen 48–60 hours after
Progestogen 12–14 days days, remove, followed
Sponges sponge removal
by eCG injection.
Two injections induce
Prostaglandin Two injections 11 48–72 hours after
PGF₂α Injection luteolysis, bringing ewes
F2-alpha days apart second injection
into estrus.
Insert for 5–7 days, 48–60 hours after
Short-term Progestogen +
5–7 days followed by eCG injection progestogen
Progestogen eCG
after removal. removal
GnRH at Day 0, PGF₂α at 16–20 hours after
GnRH and
GnRH + PGF₂α 7 days apart Day 7, and GnRH again second GnRH
Prostaglandin
48 hours later. injection
Melatonin Implant for 40–60 days to 48–60 hours after
Melatonin 40–60 days
Implants mimic seasonal breeding. estrus detection
GnRH on Day 0, PGF₂α on
16–20 hours after
Day 7, followed by a
Ovsynch Protocol GnRH and PGF₂α 10 days second GnRH
second GnRH 36 hours
injection
later.